EP2354309B1 - Spreading device for winter service vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a spreader for winter maintenance vehicles, are distributed with the Taustoffe on road surfaces, and components for the operation of such a spreader and a logistics method for these components.

Winterdienststreutzeräte are either known as so-called attachment devices that are placed on cargo areas of trucks, or they are an integral part of a winter maintenance vehicle.

Until recently, either dry salt or wet salt was sprinkled in the winter service. In wet salt spreading, the salt is moistened when dispersed with liquid, i. salt and liquid are distributed together. The liquid is usually a salt solution, so-called "brine", which is added to the salt to be spread either on the spreading plate or on the way to the spreading plate.

For the preparation of the brine, fresh water is often pumped through subterranean rock salt deposits to dissolve the salt in the water. But there are also brine derived from natural sources. The brine is then either transported in tankers to the commercial customers, or it is obtained from the evaporation of the brine so-called saline salt or evaporated salt from which the customers then produce brine again. Saline salt may, however, be e.g. also obtained by evaporation of seawater and used to produce the soles needed for winter maintenance purposes.

The brine is located on the scattering vehicle in an additional tank, which is for example mounted laterally on the scattering container, in which the road salt is kept. A standard spreader with a capacity for 5 m ^{3 of road} salt has such an additional tank with a tank volume of for example 22601.

In recent times, instead of the dry salt and wet salt scattering, pure brine is often "scattered", i. H. sprayed on the road. To spread a standard scattering distance of approx. 50 km with pure brine, a tank volume of approx. 80001 is required. It must therefore be supplemented about 5700 1 brine tank. For this purpose, cascade tanks are used, d. H. For example, four brine tanks of conventional type are coupled together in a cascade.

However, due to the available body length of the trucks available for winter service, the desired volume can not always be achieved. The center of gravity of such a structure with, for example, three additional tanks means that in certain states either the front axle or the rear axle is overloaded.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a spreader for winter maintenance vehicles and equipped with such a spreader winter service vehicle available, which is suitable for both the dry salt scattering and for the pure brine and preferably also for the Feuchtsalz scattering, but without the aforementioned weight distribution problems ,

This object is achieved by a spreader with the features of independent claim 1. In dependent claims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are given. Secondary claims relate to appropriately adapted components for a spreader according to the invention.

Accordingly, an inventive spreader for winter maintenance vehicles in a conventional manner comprises a scattering container for receiving of solid detergents to be spread out and a scattering device which can be functionally coupled to the scattering container, in particular a rotating spreading plate, for spreading the solid substances taken up in the scattering container while the winter service vehicle is traveling. Also, a spraying device for spraying liquid Taustoffen in pure form is present. According to the invention, however, the brine tank, which can be functionally coupled with the spraying device, is now formed by the scattering container itself. Accordingly, the scattering container is set up so that it can also be used as a brine tank instead of as a scattering container, and the spreader is correspondingly set up in such a way that liquid thawing materials received in the scattering container can be supplied to the spraying device.

The weight distribution problems described above do not occur in the spreader according to the invention. Regardless of whether the spreader is used for spreading dry salt or for spreading or spraying a pure salt solution, the center of mass of the solid and liquid substances to be spread is always in a central position of the scattering container and thus on or usually in front of the vehicle rear axle. Elaborate additional tanks, especially cascade tanks, can be omitted.

However, an additional tank or several additional tanks can be provided in a conventional manner for receiving liquid, in particular sols, for the Feuchtsalzstreuung still. Accordingly, the auxiliary tank is functionally connected or connectable to the spreader to simultaneously supply liquid from the auxiliary tank to the spreader in addition to solid duds from the spill container. However, as in the prior art, the additional tank may additionally be connectable to the spray device for the purpose of pure brine spreading.

In this way, a spreader is created, which combines the three different conventional scattering methods, namely dry salt scattering, wet salt dispersion and pure brine scattering. Preferably, the spreader is then so designed that in the case of pure brine scattering both brine from the scattering tank and brine can be sprayed from the additional tanks or.

EP 579311 A describes a spreader according to the preamble of claim 1.

According to the invention, the brine taken up in the scattering container is not supplied directly to the spraying device, but to an additional tank, which in turn is coupled to the spraying device or can be coupled. Such additional tanks are already common part of a Winterdienststreugeräts, as explained above. Their usual function in the past was to mix for the purpose of Feuchtsalzstreuung the salt from the Streustoffbehälter promoted road salt. However, the additional tank (s) will nowadays be used alternatively for pure brine spreading.

The advantage of not directly transporting the brine transported in the scattering container to the spraying device, but rather of filling the additional tanks, which are generally already present, is that already existing spreading devices can be easily retrofitted. In particular, these additional tanks already have an optimally designed pumping system for brine conveyance. The principle of replenishing the additional tank or tanks with the brine contained in the scattering container is feasible both in the event that the brine is stored in a separate liquid tank used in the scattering container, as well as in the case that the brine "loose" in the - correspondingly sealed - scattering container is stored. In both cases, for example, by means of a feed pump, for example a submersible pump, and a corresponding delivery hose, the brine from the scattering container or the liquid tank received therein in the or the associated with the spraying additional tanks are transferred.

The system is preferably arranged so that the aforementioned pump is activated when falling below a predetermined liquid level in an additional tank. About a float in the additional tank and one with the float and the Pump-connected control can easily realize this. Other control systems are also conceivable.

Instead of using a pump, it is also conceivable to pressurize the liquid volume and only to open a pressure relief valve whenever brine is to be transferred to the auxiliary tank. For this purpose, z. B. the liquid tank received in the scattering tank be formed baggy and be weighted from above with appropriate weight.

The spreader can be arranged according to an alternative, non-inventive embodiment so that either either the spreader or the sprayer with the hopper is functionally coupled, depending on which functionality is currently required. In particular, it may be expedient to discharge the road salt and the brine via the same transport path from the scattering container.

In order to be able to serve as a brine tank in this case, the scattering container must be formed correspondingly liquid-tight. The conveyor device, which normally supplies the solid substances from the scattering container out of the scattering device, presents itself as a problem. Usually, a conveyor belt or one or more screw conveyors are used as conveyor. These promote the solid substances from the hopper usually to a downpipe or a slide of the spreader, through which the fabric then by gravity z. B. are fed to a rotating spreading plate.

In connection with the present invention, it is advantageous not to use a conveyor belt as conveyor, but one or more screw conveyors. Because these can be made entirely of a corrosion-resistant material that withstands the aggressiveness of the salt solution, and the screw conveyor bearings can be made waterproof without major technical effort.

In principle, it is conceivable to reliably seal the scattering container relative to the conveyor, be it a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor, if the scattering container is to be converted to the brine tank, for example by means of a sealing plate above the conveyor, so that the brine via another, separate transport path would have to be led out of the hopper, as the road salt. However, it is less complicated and therefore preferable for a simple conversion process if the interface which serves for re-functioning of the scattering container in a brine tank lies in the transport path to the spreader and is preferably arranged downstream of the conveyor. Accordingly, an interface between the scattering substance container and the scattering device, preferably downstream of the conveying device, is adapted such that it can optionally also be used as an interface between the scattering substance container and the spraying device, namely if the scattering substance container is to be used as a brine tank. Ideally, this interface lies in the region of the drop tube leading to the spreading plate (or chute), in particular preferably at the upper end thereof, d. H. preferably directly at the outlet end of the conveyor.

In this context, it is advantageous to make the spreading device displaceable or pivotable in order to be able to release the interface for use as an interface between the spraying device and the scattering substance container by displacing or pivoting at least part of the spreading device. With such a design, the spreader can be quickly and easily converted between the scattering methods dry salt scattering or wet salt scattering and pure brine spreading.

The conversion from dry salt scattering to pure brine dispersion is completed by connecting a liquid line leading to the spraying device to the released interface via an associated connecting piece. Also, the intake manifold is advantageously slidably mounted or pivotally mounted so that he quickly and easily in his to the Interface connected position is relocatable. For this purpose, the interface or the cooperating sealing surface of the intake manifold to a seal that withstands the hydrostatic pressure of the maximum filled with brine hopper.

Conventional scattering containers are filled from above and are accordingly open at the top. The opening area is usually much larger than other horizontal cross-sections through the diffuser. On the one hand, this is due to the fact that, due to gravity, the road salt is to be supplied to the scattered material conveyor centrally arranged in the lowest level. On the other hand, the large filling opening facilitates the rapid filling through a protective grid. As a result of the filling of the scattering container through the protective grid, scattering material lumps are broken up. The spreader according to the invention is advantageously equipped with such a protective grid.

In the case of pure brine spreading, the protective grid is replaced by a detachable cover that completely covers the upper opening of the scattering container so that no liquid can spill out of the scattering container during the journey. Such a cover can be provided with suitable seals and can preferably be fixed with quick-release fasteners on the scattering container.

It is particularly preferred if the cover has anti-swirl walls which protrude from the cover and protrude into the scattering container. As a result, sudden weight shifts of the brine are prevented in the scattering container, for example, when braking, accelerating, speeding cornering and heavily inclined lanes. Accordingly, it is advantageous to provide the splash barriers both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction (based on the predetermined direction of travel of the spreader).

According to a further, non-inventive embodiment, the road salt and the brine are not led out via the same transport path from the scattering container. Instead, in addition to the scattering material outlet opening, a separate liquid outlet opening is provided, through which the brine of the spraying device received in the scattering substance container can be supplied via a separate transport path, if the scattering substance container is used as a brine tank.

This embodiment offers the advantage that an interface between the spreader and the spreader hopper, which would optionally be usable as an interface between the sprayer and the spill hopper, is not required. The associated design effort can thus be avoided.

Instead, it merely has to be ensured that the brine taken up in the scattering container does not drain off via the spreader. This can be achieved in a variety of ways. For example, a sealing plate can be used in a simple manner in the scattering container on the Streustofffördereinrichtung.

Advantageously, however, a separate liquid tank is inserted into the scattering container instead. This liquid tank has a liquid connection with which the liquid tank can be coupled to the aforementioned liquid outlet opening of the scattering substance container. The term "coupling" is to be understood broadly in this case and includes the case that the liquid connection of the liquid tank is passed through the liquid outlet opening to the outside or vice versa, for example, a hose connection through the liquid outlet opening of the scattering container to the liquid connection of the used in the scattering container Liquid tanks is connected. In order to prevent road salt from passing through the liquid outlet opening of the scattering container, if the scattering substance container is not used as a brine tank, the Liquid outlet opening, for example by means of a simple flap or a simple slide, which are preferably actuated from outside the scattering container, be closed from the inside or from the outside.

The use of the aforementioned liquid tanks, which are used for receiving the brine in the scattering container, in addition to the fact that additional seals on the spreader must not be made, the particular further advantage that the loading of the Streustofffahrzeugs by replacing an empty liquid tank against to have a full liquid tank done very quickly. For this purpose, the liquid tank for insertion into a scattering container is preferably adapted accordingly, in particular with regard to its dimensioning. Thus, the liquid tank should have a substantially triangular, trapezoidal or generally funnel-shaped vertical cross-section in order to use it in conventional scattering containers under optimal space utilization can. Such a liquid tank may have a plurality of separate or preferably interconnected chambers. But it is also possible to use several of these liquid tanks in series in the scattering container.

For optimum handling of the liquid tanks, these preferably have transport elements for lifting the liquid tank. Preferably, the transport elements are designed to transport the liquid tanks by means of a forklift truck. The transport elements accordingly have the tine spacing of conventional forklift forks. In this context, it is particularly advantageous to attach the transport elements to an upper side of the liquid tank, so that the liquid tanks can be lowered in a simple manner from above into the scattering container. Of course, a crane can be used instead of a forklift truck. For this purpose, it may be useful to provide a centrally arranged transport element, for example an eyelet for the crane hook, on the upper side of the liquid tank.

Such liquid tanks can be easily stored, for example, in rack storage, and can be brought out of the warehouse and replaced with an empty liquid tank as needed.

Overall, an optimized logistics process for the transport of liquid substances (sols) for winter service can be created in this way. For this purpose, a number of liquid tanks at a Taustofvieferanten, for example, directly at a saline, filled with liquid detergents and delivered to a Taustoffverbraucher, for example, to a responsible for the winter service office. The liquid tanks then remain with the consumer until the liquid detergents have been used up and are subsequently transported back to the Taustof supplier. The essential feature of this logistics method is that the liquid tanks provided by the textile supplier do not only remain with the consumer, but are also carried along on a consumer winter service vehicle during winter service operations.

It is particularly advantageous if the liquid residues are essentially formed by a flexible shell. The inner volume of the shell decreases to near zero when the fluid tanks are empty. Conversely, the volume of liquid tanks increases by filling the envelope with liquid detergent. This has the advantage that the space required for storing the empty liquid tanks is minimized and also the return transport of the empty liquid tanks to Taustofflieferanten is less expensive.

Figur 1

ein isoliertes Streugerät gemäß einem ersten, nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel in perspektivischer, wenngleich schematischer Ansicht mit weggeschwenkter Streueinrichtung,

Figur 2

das Streugerät aus Figur 1 mit Streueinrichtung in Streuposition,

Figur 3

in perspektivischer Explosionsdarstellung ein Schutzgitter und eine Abdeckplatte für den Streustoffbehälter des Streugeräts gemäß Figuren 1 und 2,

Figur 4

ein Streugerät gemäß einem zweiten, nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 5

ein Streugerät gemäß einem dritten, nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel,

Figur 6

ein Streugerät gemäß einem vierten, erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel und

Figur 7

ein Streugerät gemäß einem fünften, erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel.

The invention will be illustrated by way of example with reference to a preferred embodiment. Show:

FIG. 1

an insulated spreader according to a first, not inventive embodiment in a perspective, albeit schematic view with weggeschwenkter spreader,

FIG. 2

the spreader out FIG. 1 with scattering device in scattering position,

FIG. 3

in a perspective exploded view of a protective grid and a cover plate for the scattering container of the spreader according to FIGS. 1 and 2 .

FIG. 4

a spreader according to a second embodiment not according to the invention,

FIG. 5

a spreader according to a third embodiment not according to the invention,

FIG. 6

a spreader according to a fourth, inventive embodiment and

FIG. 7

a spreader according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.

Shown in FIG. 1 is an attachment spreader 1 as a construction on a cargo bed of a truck. On a welded support frame 2, a scattering container 3 is constructed, which has a funnel-shaped cross-section, so that collected in the scattering substance Taustoffe collected at the tapered bottom of the scattering container 3. A screw conveyor at the bottom of the scattering container transports solid substances, in particular road salt, out of the scattering container 3 to an outlet 4, through which the substances pass, again by gravity, into the downpipe 5 of a spreader 6 and through the downpipe 5 onto a spreader plate 7 of the spreader 6 can fall.

In the in FIG. 1 As shown, however, the spreader 6 is shown folded away from an "interface" 9 about a pivot axis 8. The interface 9 is formed as a flange to which the spreader 6 can be coupled when the spreader 1 using the spreader 6 for Spreading of solid substances should be used, as it is in FIG. 2 is shown. Two additional tanks 10 for liquid, in particular for a saline solution, are provided to the falling through the downpipe 5 through dry

For this case, add detergents in a suitable metered amount of liquid. This is done in a conventional manner via a suction line 15.2 using a suitably controlled pump 16. The place of admixing need not necessarily be in the downpipe itself, but may - unlike in FIG. 2 shown - for example, take place only at the lower end of the downpipe 5 on the spreading plate 7.

Additional tanks 10 may be provided, for example, in front of the scattering container 3. In particular, the auxiliary tanks 10 can be made significantly smaller in favor of an increase in the content of the scattering container 3, as it is in FIG. 1 is shown. If several additional tanks 10 are provided for mixing liquid Taustoffen, they are connected to each other via lines.

The scattering device 6 can be locked in any folding position and arranged so that it occupies as little additional space behind the spreader 1 in the folded-away state. With weggeklappter spreader 6, the spreader 1 can be used for "scattering" or spraying pure brine. For this purpose, instead of the scattering device 6, the attachment piece 14 of a suction line 15.1 is coupled to the flange or the "interface" 9, and the scattering substance container 13 is used to hold liquid detergents, in particular pure brine. By means of a suitably controlled pump 16 can then the brine from the scattering container 3 through the intake passage 15.1 through a - in FIG. 1 shown purely schematically - spray 17 supplied and distributed over it on road surfaces.

Just as the spreader 6 can be folded away from the interface 9 about a pivot axis 8, the attachment piece 14 of the suction line 15 can also be folded about a pivot axis 18. Instead of folding away the entire scattering device 6 - or possibly also only moving it - only a part of the spreading device 6, for example a section of the drop tube 5, can be folded away or moved. Also, the neck nozzle 14, instead of being hinged, be designed to be displaceable.

The attachment piece 14 seals against the interface 9 from liquid-tight and has corresponding sealing elements, for example, an O-ring seal, which withstands the built-up of the brine in the scattering container 3 hydrostatic pressure. The bearings of the (not shown) screw conveyor at the bottom of the scattering container 3 by means of suitable seals, z. As lip seals, to protect against the entry of aggressive saline solution accordingly.

The function pure brine scattering, as in FIG. 1 and pure dry salt or wet salt scattering, as in FIG. 2 can be achieved with a single pump 16 and suitable valves 11.1 and 11.2. By means of the designed as a three-way cock valve 11.1 (eg ball valve) can be connected to the suction side of the pump 16 for pure brine scattering used as a brine tank scattering tank 3 and the additional container. The pump 16 downstream, also designed as a three-way cock valve 11.2 (eg ball valve) is set for this case, that it connects the pump 16 with the spray 17. The valves can be adjusted either manually or by means of a proximity switch on the connecting piece 14 by electric motor, automatically controlled.

The three-way cock 11.1 has a T-branch and the three-way cock 11.2 an L-branch, so that by suitable valve position, as in FIG. 2 can be switched from the pure brine scattering to the pure wet salt scattering. For this purpose, the three-way valve connects 11.1 with T-branch only the two additional tanks 10 suction side with the pump 16 and the three-way cock 11.2 with L-junction connects the pump 16 with the spreader 6. If dry salt is to be scattered, ie without admixture of brine from the Additional tanks 10, either the pump 16 can be switched off or preferably, the three-way cock 11.2 is also pivoted so that the conduction path is interrupted by the pump 16 to both the spray 17 and the scatterer 6.

On the other hand, it is also possible, the three-way valve 11.2 from the in FIG. 2 shown position to bring in a position in which he connects the pump 16 with the spray 17. Then, both dry salt can be scattered by means of the scattering device 6 as well as pure brine by means of the spray 17.

A wet salt spread on the spreader 6, that is, with simultaneous brine supply from the additional tanks 10, and the distribution of pure brine on the spray 17 is with the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 not shown arrangement possible. However, it is within the scope of the invention, by suitable modification of the system, for example by other or additional directional valves and / or additional lines and / or line branches and / or by one or more other pumps to ensure this functionality.

For filling dry substances into the scattering container 3, a protective grid 12 is provided, which can be placed on support elements 13 of the scattering container 3. This is in FIG. 3 shown. The filling of the scattering container 3 then takes place through the protective grid 12, so that scattering material lumps are broken when passing through the protective grid 12.

In the case of using the spreader for sprinkling pure brine, the protective grid 12 can be removed from the scattering container 3 and replaced with a cover 19, to prevent sloshing out of the brine from the scattering container 3 while driving. About snap fasteners 20, the cover 19 is fixed to the hopper 3 reliable. The quick fasteners 20 are designed here as a lever and have locking elements, which can be brought by turning the lever in a locked with the scattering container 3 engagement position.

Deviating from the purely schematic representation according to FIG. 1 For example, the cover 19 can also be seated in a sealing manner on the outer walls of the scattering container or otherwise reliably sealed against the wall of the scattering container 3 so that neither brine can escape from the scattering container 3 nor dirt or rain can enter into the scattering container 3. For this case, a vent opening 21 is provided on the cover 19.

On its underside, the cover 19 is provided with fixed welded sheets in the longitudinal direction 22 and transverse direction 23. These sheets act as anti-splash walls and prevent spontaneous weight distribution changes of the brine in the scattering container in case of sudden accelerations.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment, which differs from the first embodiment essentially in that the road salt and the brine are not led out of the scattering container 3 via the same transport path. Instead, a separate liquid outlet opening 30 is provided for discharging the brine, to which the suction line 15.1 is connected. A sealing plate 31 is inserted in the scattering container 3 above the (not shown) Streustofffördereinrichtung, be it a screw conveyor or a conveyor belt. By means of sealing lips on the circumference of the sealing plate 31 it is ensured that the brine does not otherwise leak from the scattering container and in particular does not escape via the spreader 6. By the weight of the brine on the sealing plate 31, the seal is ensured. An additional clamping by means of clamping levers or other means (not shown) can enhance the sealing effect.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment, which differs from the second embodiment according to FIG. 4 essentially differs in that the brine is not directly absorbed in the scattering container 3, but that instead of a liquid tank 40 is inserted into the scattering container 3 to it to pick up the brine. The liquid tank 40 can be filled with brine via a filler neck 42.

Henkel 41 for transport are provided at the top of the fluid tank in a distance adjusted to the tine spacing of forklift forks. Another handle is centrally provided to transport the liquid container 40 as needed with a single crane hook.

The liquid container 40 has a (not visible here) liquid connection, which cooperates with the liquid outlet opening 30. For example, it could be an easy-to-use bayonet connection. Ideally, however, the liquid outlet opening 30 cooperates with the liquid connection of the liquid container 40 such that the suction line 15.1 can be connected to the liquid connection of the liquid tank 40 through the liquid outlet opening 30. The liquid tank 40 can then be inserted from above into the scattering container 3 and then the suction line 15.1 can be connected through the liquid outlet opening 30 of the scattering container 3 to the liquid connection of the liquid tank 40, for example by means of a quick-connector.

FIG. 6 and 7 show a fourth and a fifth embodiment, which differ from the second or third embodiment essentially in that the brine received in the scattering container 3 is not supplied directly to the spraying device 17 but first to an additional tank 10.

For this purpose, a pump 51 sits over a filler neck of the additional tank 10 and sucks over a projecting into the scattering tank 3 hose 50, the brine taken out in the additional tank 10. Instead of the suction pump 51, a submersible pump may be provided at the other end of the hose 50. By means of a float tank 52 arranged in the additional tank 10, the level of the additional tank 10 is monitored. Once the level is a predetermined Level is below, this is signaled by the float 52 to a controller C, which then sets the pump 51 in operation. The respective duty cycle of the pump 51 can be set in a variety of ways, for example, depending on the delivery rate of the pump to be limited to a predetermined period or terminated upon reaching a detectable by the float 52 upper liquid level in the additional tank 10. Instead of the electronic control C can also be a purely mechanical solution for activating and deactivating the pump 51 can be realized, for example by the float 52 is formed as part of the pump 51 and protrudes through the filler neck of the additional tank 10 in the auxiliary tank 10.

The fifth embodiment according to FIG. 7 differs from the fourth embodiment according to FIG. 6 again only in that the brine is not absorbed directly in the scattering container 3, but instead a liquid tank 40 is inserted into the scattering container 3 to receive the brine therein. Accordingly, the hose 50 is connected to the filler neck 42 of the liquid tank 40, and from the filler neck 42, a hose extension 50a extends into the liquid tank 40 inside. Alternatively, it is possible to integrally form the tube 50 and the tube extension 50a and to pass through the filler neck 42 to the bottom of the liquid tank 40.

1. 1. Streugerät (1) für Winterdienstfahrzeuge, umfassend
   • einen Streustoffbehälter (3) zur Aufnahme von auszustreuenden festen Taustoffen,
   • eine mit dem Streustoffbehälter (3) funktional koppelbare Streueinrichtung (6) zum Ausstreuen von in dem Streustoffbehälter aufgenommenen festen Taustoffen,
   • einen Soletank zur Aufnahme von flüssigen Taustoffen und
   • eine mit dem Soletank funktional koppelbare Sprüheinrichtung (17) zum
   
   Versprühen von in dem Soletank aufgenommenen flüssigen Taustoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Streustoffbehälter (3) so eingerichtet ist, dass er anstatt als Streustoffbehälter auch als der Soletank verwendbar ist, und dass das Streugerät (1) für diesen Verwendungszweck so eingerichtet ist, dass in dem Streustoffbehälter aufgenommene flüssige Taustoffe der Sprüheinrichtung (17) zugeführt werden können.
2. 2. Streugerät nach Absatz 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wahlweise entweder die Streueinrichtung (6) oder die Sprüheinrichtung (17) funktional mit dem als Soletank verwendbaren Streustoffbehälter (3) koppelbar ist.
3. 3. Streugerät nach Absatz 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens eine Förderschnecke zum Fördern von festen Taustoffen aus dem Streustoffbehälter (3) zur Streueinrichtung (6) umfasst.
4. 4. Streugerät nach Absatz 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Schnittstelle (9) zwischen der Streueinrichtung (6) und dem Streustoffbehälter (3) so angepasst ist, dass sie wahlweise als eine Schnittstelle zwischen der Sprüheinrichtung (17) und dem Streustoffbehälter (3) verwendbar ist.
5. 5. Streugerät nach Absatz 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Streueinrichtung (6) oder ein Teil der Streueinrichtung (6) verschiebbar oder verschwenkbar ist, um die Schnittstelle (9) zur Verwendung als Schnittstelle zwischen der Sprüheinrichtung (17) und dem Streustoffbehälter (3) freigeben zu können.
6. 6. Streugerät nach Absatz 4 oder 5, gekennzeichnet durch eine zu der Sprüheinrichtung (17) führende Leitung (15) mit einem Ansatzstutzen (14), der angepasst ist, an die Schnittstelle (9) angeschlossen zu werden.
7. 7. Streugerät nach Absatz 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ansatzstutzen (14) in seine an die Schnittstelle (9) angeschlossene Position verschiebbar oder verschwenkbar ist.
8. 8. Streugerät nach einem der Absätze 2 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch eine lösbare Abdeckung (19) zum vollständigen Abdecken einer oberen Öffnung des Streustoffbehälters (3).
9. 9. Streugerät nach Absatz 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von der Abdeckung (19) Schwallschutzwände (22,23) abstehen, die in den Streustoffbehälter (3) hinein ragen, wenn die Abdeckung (19) die obere Öffnung des Streustoffbehälters abdeckt.
10. 10. Streugerät nach Absatz 8 oder 9, gekennzeichnet durch ein mit der Abdeckung (19) austauschbares Schutzgitter (12).
11. 11. Streugerät nach einem der Absätze 2 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens einen Zusatztank (10) zur Aufnahme von flüssigen Taustoffen, der funktional derart mit der Streueinrichtung (6) koppelbar ist, dass der Streueinrichtung (6) zusätzlich zu festen Taustoffen aus dem Streustoffbehälter (3) gleichzeitig Flüssigkeit aus dem Zusatztank (10) zuführbar ist.
12. 12. Streugerät nach Absatz 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es dazu eingerichtet ist, im Falle reiner Solestreuung sowohl Sole aus dem Streustoffbehälter (3) als auch Sole aus dem Zusatztank (10) zu versprühen.
13. 13. Streugerät nach Absatz 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es dazu eingerichtet ist, gleichzeitig trockene Taustoffe aus dem Streubehälter (3) mittels der Streueinrichtung (6) zu streuen als auch reine Sole aus dem Zusatztank (10) mittels der Sprüheinrichtung (17) zu versprühen.
14. 14. Streugerät nach einem der Absätze 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Streustoffbehälter (3) eine zu einer Streustoffaustrittsöffnung separate Flüssigkeitsaustrittsöffnung (30) aufweist, welche funktional mit der Sprüheinrichtung (17) gekoppelt ist oder koppelbar ist.
15. 15. Streugerät nach Absatz 14, gekennzeichnet durch einen in den Streustoffbehälter (3) einsetzbaren Flüssigkeitstank (40) mit einem Flüssigkeitsanschluss zur Kopplung mit der Flüssigkeitsaustrittsöffnung (30).
16. 16. Streugerät nach Absatz 1, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens einen Zusatztank (10) zur Aufnahme von flüssigen Taustoffen, der funktional mit der Sprüheinrichtung (17) gekoppelt ist oder koppelbar ist, wobei das Streugerät dazu eingerichtet ist, dass flüssige Taustoffe aus dem als Soletank verwendbaren Streustoffbehälter (3) in den Zusatztank (10) überführt werden können.
17. 17. Streugerät nach Absatz 16, gekennzeichnet durch eine Pumpe zum Fördern von flüssigen Taustoffen aus dem als Soletank verwendbaren Streustoffbehälter (3) heraus in den Zusatztank (10).
18. 18. Streugerät nach Absatz 16 oder 17, gekennzeichnet durch ein oder mehrere in den Streustoffbehälter (3) einsetzbare Flüssigkeitstanks (40) zur Aufnahme der in den Zusatztank (10) zu überführenden flüssigen Taustoffe.
19. 19. Logistikverfahren für den Transport von flüssigen Taustoffen für den Winterdiensteinsatz, umfassend eine Anzahl von Flüssigkeitstanks (40) zur Aufnahme der flüssigen Taustoffe, wobei die Flüssigkeitstanks bei einem Taustofflieferanten mit flüssigen Taustoffen befüllt werden und zu einem Taustoffverbraucher geliefert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flüssigkeitstanks beim Verbraucher verbleiben, bis die flüssigen Taustoffe vom Taustoffverbraucher verbraucht sind, und anschließend zum Taustofflieferanten zurücktransportiert werden, wobei die Flüssigkeitstanks dazu vorgesehen sind, beim Winterdiensteinsatz auf einem Winterdienstfahrzeug mitgeführt zu werden.
20. 20. Flüssigkeitstank (40) zur Aufnahme von flüssigen Taustoffen für den Winterdiensteinsatz auf einem Winterdienstfahrzeug, insbesondere für ein Streugerät nach einem der Absätze 15 oder 18 und/oder für ein Logistikverfahren nach Absatz 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Flüssigkeitstank angepasst ist, in einen Streustoffbehälter (3) eines Streugeräts (1) für Winterdienstfahrzeuge eingesetzt zu werden.
21. 21. Flüssigkeitstank nach Absatz 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Innenvolumen des Flüssigkeitstanks durch eine flexible Hülle definiert wird und durch Befüllen der Hülle mit flüssigem Taustoff vergrößerbar ist.
22. 22. Flüssigkeitstank nach Absatz 20 oder 21, gekennzeichnet durch Transportelemente (41) zum Transportieren des Flüssigkeitstanks mittels eines Gabelstaplers oder Krans.
23. 23. Flüssigkeitstank nach einem der Absätze 20 bis 22, gekennzeichnet durch eine Pumpe zum Fördern von flüssigen Taustoffen aus dem Flüssigkeitstank heraus.
24. 24. Winterdienstfahrzeug, umfassend ein Streugerät (1) gemäß einem der Absätze 1 bis 18.

Preferred non-inventive embodiments are set forth in the following paragraphs, but the invention is defined in the claims.

1. 1. spreader (1) for winter maintenance vehicles, comprising
   • a scattering container (3) for receiving solid substances to be spread out,
   • a scattering device (6) which can be functionally coupled to the scattering substance container (3) for spreading solid substances absorbed in the scattering substance container,
   • a brine tank for holding liquid Taustoffen and
   • a functionally coupled to the brine tank spraying device (17) for
   
   Spraying of liquid detergents received in the brine tank, characterized in that the scattering substance container (3) is set up so that it can also be used as the brine tank instead of as a scattering container, and that the spreader (1) is designed for this purpose in such a way that the liquid substance taken up in the scattering substance container can be supplied to the spraying device (17).
2. 2. Spreader according to paragraph 1, characterized in that optionally either the spreader (6) or the spray device (17) is functionally coupled to the usable as a brine tank scattering container (3).
3. 3. spreader according to paragraph 2, characterized in that it comprises at least one screw conveyor for conveying solid Taustoffen from the scattering container (3) to the spreader (6).
4. 4. spreader according to paragraph 2 or 3, characterized in that an interface (9) between the spreader (6) and the scattering container (3) is adapted to be used as an interface between the spray device (17) and the scattering container ( 3) is usable.
5. 5. spreader according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the spreader (6) or a part of the spreader (6) is displaceable or pivotable to the interface (9) for use as an interface between the spray device (17) and the scattering container (3 ) to be able to share.
6. 6. Spreader according to paragraph 4 or 5, characterized by a to the spraying device (17) leading line (15) with an attachment piece (14) adapted to be connected to the interface (9).
7. 7. Spreader according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the attachment piece (14) is displaceable or pivotable in its connected to the interface (9) position.
8. 8. Spreader according to one of the paragraphs 2 to 7, characterized by a detachable cover (19) for completely covering an upper opening of the scattering container (3).
9. 9. spreader according to paragraph 8, characterized in that from the cover (19) splash barriers (22,23) protrude, which protrude into the scattering container (3), when the cover (19) covers the upper opening of the scattering container.
10. 10. Spreader according to paragraph 8 or 9, characterized by a with the cover (19) exchangeable protective grid (12).
11. 11. Spreader according to one of the paragraphs 2 to 9, characterized by at least one additional tank (10) for receiving liquid Taustoffen, the functionally with the spreader (6) can be coupled, that of the spreader (6) in addition to solid Taustoffen from the scattering container (3) at the same time liquid from the additional tank (10) can be fed.
12. 12. spreader according to paragraph 11, characterized in that it is adapted to spray in the case of pure brine scattering both brine from the scattering container (3) and brine from the additional tank (10).
13. 13. Spreader according to paragraph 11 or 12, characterized in that it is adapted to simultaneously dry thawing materials from the litter container (3) by means of the scattering device (6) and also pure brine from the additional tank (10) by means of the spray (17 ) to spray.
14. 14. Spreader according to one of the paragraphs 1 to 3, characterized in that the scattering container (3) a separate to a scattering material outlet opening Liquid outlet opening (30) which is functionally coupled to the spray device (17) or can be coupled.
15. 15. spreader according to paragraph 14, characterized by a in the scattering container (3) usable liquid tank (40) having a liquid connection for coupling to the liquid outlet opening (30).
16. 16. Spreader according to paragraph 1, characterized by at least one additional tank (10) for receiving liquid Taustoffen which is functionally coupled to the spray device (17) or can be coupled, wherein the spreader is adapted to the liquid Taustoffe from the usable as a brine tank Litter container (3) in the additional tank (10) can be transferred.
17. 17. Spreader according to paragraph 16, characterized by a pump for conveying liquid Taustoffen from the usable as a brine tank scattering container (3) out in the additional tank (10).
18. 18. Spreader according to paragraph 16 or 17, characterized by one or more in the scattering container (3) usable liquid tanks (40) for receiving the in the additional tank (10) to be transferred liquid detergents.
19. 19. A logistics method for the transport of liquid detergents for winter service use, comprising a number of liquid tanks (40) for receiving the liquid detergents, wherein the liquid tanks are filled at a Taustoflieferanten with liquid Taustoffen and supplied to a Taustoffverbraucher, characterized in that the Liquid tanks remain with the consumer until the liquid detergents are consumed by the consumer and then transported back to the supplier of the laundry, the liquid tanks being intended to be carried along on a winter utility vehicle during winter service operations.
20. 20. liquid tank (40) for receiving liquid Taustoffen for winter service use on a winter service vehicle, in particular for a spreader according to paragraph 15 or 18 and / or for a logistics method according to paragraph 19, characterized in that the liquid tank is adjusted in one Litter container (3) of a spreader (1) to be used for winter maintenance vehicles.
21. 21. Liquid tank according to paragraph 20, characterized in that the internal volume of the liquid tank is defined by a flexible shell and can be increased by filling the shell with liquid Taustoff.
22. 22. Liquid tank according to paragraph 20 or 21, characterized by transport elements (41) for transporting the liquid tank by means of a forklift or crane.
23. 23. Liquid tank according to any one of paragraphs 20 to 22, characterized by a pump for conveying liquid Taustoffen out of the liquid tank.
24. 24. winter maintenance vehicle, comprising a spreader (1) according to one of paragraphs 1 to 18.

Claims (7)

1. A spreading apparatus (1) for winter service vehicles, comprising

   - a spreading material container (3) for receiving solid thawing substances to be spread,

   - a spreading device (6) functionally couplable to the spreading material container (3) for spreading solid thawing substances received in the spreading material container,

   - a brine tank for receiving liquid thawing substances and

   - a spraying device (17) functionally couplable to the brine tank for spraying liquid thawing substances received in the brine tank,

   wherein the spreading material container (3) is so adapted that it can be used also as the brine tank instead of as the spreading material container, and that the spreading device (1) is so adapted for this purpose of use that liquid thawing substances received in the spreading material container can be fed to the spraying device (17),
   wherein the spreading apparatus has at least one additional tank (10) for receiving liquid thawing substances, which is functionally coupled or couplable to the spraying device (17),
   characterized in that the spreading apparatus is so adapted that liquid thawing substances from the spreading material container (3) usable as brine tank can be transferred to the additional tank (10).
2. The spreading apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a pump (51) for conveying liquid thawing substances out of the spreading material container (3) used as brine tank into the additional tank (10).
3. The spreading apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, comprising one or several liquid tanks (40) insertable in the spreading material container (3).
4. The spreading apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the inside volume of the liquid tank (40) is defined by a flexible sheath and can be expanded by filling the sheath with liquid thawing substance.
5. The spreading apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the liquid tank (40) comprises transport elements (41) for transporting the liquid tank (40) by means of a forklift truck or crane.
6. The spreading apparatus according to any of the claims 3 to 5, comprising a pump (51) for conveying liquid thawing substances out of the liquid tank (40).
7. A winter service vehicle comprising a spreading apparatus (1) according to any of the claims 1 to 6.

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