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EP2354345B1 - Wall for buildings with wooden support structure - Google Patents

Wall for buildings with wooden support structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2354345B1
EP2354345B1 EP20110354003 EP11354003A EP2354345B1 EP 2354345 B1 EP2354345 B1 EP 2354345B1 EP 20110354003 EP20110354003 EP 20110354003 EP 11354003 A EP11354003 A EP 11354003A EP 2354345 B1 EP2354345 B1 EP 2354345B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boards
wall
frame
panels
modules
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EP20110354003
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2354345A1 (en
Inventor
Joël Ménard
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Dom'Innov
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Dom'Innov
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall for timber frame building.
  • One known technique for constructing a wall for a timber frame building consists of staggering a plurality of solid wood poles of large sections, and then carrying out the bracing by connecting externally agglomerated particle boards, for example of the oriented type. Finally, insulation is reported from the inside against the panels to come between the posts.
  • This constructive system with layering layers implies that the insulation system is completely dissociated from the carrier system.
  • a wall can be delivered in the form of prefabricated elementary modules adopting the shape of a very large panel. dimensions, or manufactured directly on site.
  • this complex technique although a guarantee of quality of manufacture, has the disadvantage of an important logistics (transport and lifting).
  • the precision of fabrication on the site is uncertain according to the vagaries of the seasons and remaining subject to climatic variations.
  • FR 2 393 894 A1 discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a wood frame building wall, from simple and inexpensive elementary modules, which are easy to implement and ensure a certain quality of manufacture.
  • the wall according to the invention is remarkable in that it comprises at least two elementary modules, each of which consists of a parallelepiped block comprising on the one hand a rectangular frame of structure consisting of vertical and horizontal panels parallel two by two in agglomerated particles. and on the other hand two parallel filling panels in agglomerated particles closing said frame, said block enclosing on the whole of its volume a thermally and acoustically insulating material, the vertical and horizontal panels of the frame being extending towards the outside of the block with respect to at least one of the two filler panels to form fixing fins, these modules being fixed adjacently by two fixing fins held in contact by fixing means.
  • each module for example by grooving and gluing, facilitates its obtaining in the factory.
  • An elementary module in the form of a parallelepiped block can advantageously have reasonable dimensions, making it portable. Its small dimensions, for example about 50 cm wide, combined with its design simplicity allows easy handling while maintaining quality and lowering manufacturing, transportation, handling and storage costs. It is pre-insulated at the factory, ensuring optimum insulation quality. The filling panels make it possible to get rid of a vapor barrier.
  • Such an elementary module advantageously excludes any need to use solid wood, using instead only materials from recycling of the traditional wood industry.
  • the elementary modules are load bearing and bracing, and can serve as a support for the joist floor of the upper floor. Finally, their simple assembly is accessible to all because it does not require the intervention of a specialized company.
  • the vertical panels of the frame internally comprise grooves for receiving the filling panels and their retention by gluing.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 represent an example of an elementary module that can be used for the manufacture of a timber frame building wall, according to the invention, while the figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view of such a wall.
  • the elementary module 10 is intended for the manufacture of walls for timber frame buildings.
  • This wall may be vertical such as a load-bearing wall or not, external or not, or even a horizontal wall such as a ceiling or a floor, or even an oblique wall such as a roof portion supporting the tiles.
  • the module consists of a parallelepiped block comprising a rectangular frame of structure consisting of longitudinal panels 11 and lateral 12 parallel in pairs. The opposite openings delimited by the frame are closed by two parallel filling panels 13 closing said frame.
  • the longitudinal or vertical panels 11, the lateral or horizontal panels 12, and the filler panels 13, are in agglomerated particles, for example of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) type.
  • OSB Oriented Strand Board
  • the wood particles are compressed and glued with wax and resin.
  • the particles for example of rectangular shape, are oriented on a mat before gluing.
  • the block encloses on the whole of its interior volume a thermally and acoustically insulating material 16 ( figure 4 ).
  • the material 16 may be of the type chosen from all the appropriate materials depending on the desired insulation characteristics.
  • the material 16 is cellulose wadding.
  • the insulation thickness determines the thickness of the block (transverse distance separating the two filler panels 13), thus enabling it to easily adapt to changes in the thermal regulation, or even to meet the standards of buildings low consumption and so-called passive houses.
  • the longitudinal and lateral panels 12 of the frame extend towards the outside of the block with respect to at least one of the two filler panels to form fixing fins.
  • the longitudinal and lateral panels 12 of the frame may extend towards the outside of the block relative to the two filling panels to form both the inner side and the side an outer belt projecting from the rest of the block, each belt being formed by four straight fixing fins.
  • the fixing fins extending the longitudinal panels are marked 14 and those extending the side panels are marked 15.
  • the longitudinal panels 11 of the frame internally have grooves for receiving the filling panels 13 and their retention by gluing.
  • a groove 18 provided in a longitudinal panel 11 for the establishment of a filler panel 13 is visible on the figure 6 .
  • the upper and lower side panels 12 are also nested and glued, limiting as much as possible the deformation of the parallelepiped block. This assembly by grooving and bonding of the block is a perfect seal to water vapor, to overcome the need for an additional vapor barrier unlike the prior art.
  • the thickness of the filling panels 13 may be less than the thickness of the longitudinal panels 11 and lateral 12 of the frame. This feature has the effect of limiting the buckling of the longitudinal panels 11 and realizes the bracing of the assembly.
  • the thickness of the longitudinal panels 11 and side panels 12 is 18 mm and that of the filling panels is 9 mm.
  • longitudinal and lateral directions are to be distinguished from any notion of physical dimension of the block.
  • the longitudinal and lateral directions respectively correspond to the planned vertical and horizontal orientations respectively.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the block could be smaller than its lateral dimension.
  • the dimensions of the parallelepiped blocks, in the three directions, may vary according to the desired applications.
  • the lateral dimension of the block corresponding to the distance separating the two longitudinal panels 11, may correspond to a standard pitch of 500 mm.
  • the longitudinal dimension of the block that is to say the distance separating the two side panels 12, may correspond to a floor height of the building, of the order of 3000 mm.
  • Such a block constitutes a standard elementary module.
  • a constituent elementary module of a window sill can be formed by a block having a lateral dimension of 500 mm and a longitudinal dimension of 1250 mm. This elementary module can be juxtaposed according to the widths of the openings.
  • a constituent elementary module of lintels for a window, French window, or entrance door may be formed by a block having a variable lateral dimension, for example between 1000 and 2500 mm and a longitudinal dimension of 450 mm by example.
  • the set of elementary modules described above can be used in combination with joinery blocks composed of joinery assembled to a board in three ply larch and a slope-shaped support covered with a zinc flap or aluminum.
  • the joinery blocks can be of variable dimensions, in particular according to those of the elementary modules used in combination.
  • a wall 17 for a timber frame building comprising at least two elementary modules 10 is shown in FIG. figure 7 .
  • This wall is, for example, a vertical wall.
  • Said at least two modules 10 are fixed adjacent to one another in their lateral directions, by two fixing wings held in contact by means of fixing means, where each of said two fins belongs to one of said modules.
  • the modules 10 are held adjacent laterally against each other by their longitudinal panels 11, in particular by contacting and then maintaining this contact at their longitudinal fastening fins 14.
  • Two adjacent longitudinal fastening fins 14, therefore each belonging to a different elementary module 10, are fixed against each other laterally by any suitable fastening means, for example mechanically by screwing.
  • a rain film 19 may be attached against the elementary modules 10 and held in place by locking elements 20 reported from the outside against the rain film 19 at the longitudinal fastening fins 14 adjacent.
  • Each locking element 20 may be constituted by a vertical slat equipped with a groove in which are engaged the outer longitudinal fastening fins 14 adjacent.
  • Each slat can be held by screwing in the longitudinal fastening fins 14 to which it is attached.
  • the rain film 19 may be subdivided into a plurality of individual rain shields each covering the outer filler panel 13 of one of the modules 10 of the wall. Individual rain shield elements can be factory set on the associated module. The covering of the individual rain elements can advantageously be practiced at the level of the locking elements 20, at the junction between the modules 10.
  • the locking elements 20 may also provide external ventilation of the wall and fastening of the outer cladding 22 consisting of cladding, plaster support panels or the like.
  • the belts projecting protruding from the blocks with respect to the filling panels 13 may serve not only for fastening the modules adjacent to each other laterally, but also for the individual fixation by screwing the modules on the lower base plate, the support can indifferently be a masonry slab or a wooden floor on crawl space. They can also allow the fixing of the joists of the floor in the upper part of the modules 10.
  • a sealing means 21 such as a mastic bead may be made externally on the longitudinal panels 11 before their adjacent placement within the wall 17, to ensure airtightness between the elementary modules 10 .
  • the belts protruding projecting from the internal filler panels 13 can be used for fixing support elements 23 such as a lattice of wood or metal, for example horizontal.
  • the support members 23 may be held by screwing into the inner longitudinal fastening fins 14 to which they are attached. They are intended to allow the attachment of a not shown interior facing with interposition of a passage for air circulation. This passage also makes it possible to place fluid ducts without requiring drilling of the block, the material 16 and the airtightness.
  • the invention makes it possible to recycle wood waste originating from the traditional wood industry for the production of panels 11, 12 and 13, and to reduce the overall weight of the assembly, facilitating handling for resistance. equivalent building.
  • the risks of thermal bridges at the junction between the elementary modules are reduced.
  • the insulation is integrated and it is not necessary to bring insulating elements inside or outside.
  • the insulation obtained is homogeneous in the case of a material 16 blown at high density (at least 70 kg / m3).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

L'invention est relative à une paroi pour bâtiment à ossature bois.The invention relates to a wall for timber frame building.

État de la techniqueState of the art

Une technique connue pour construire une paroi pour bâtiment à ossature en bois consiste à échelonner une pluralité de poteaux en bois massif de fortes sections, puis à réaliser le contreventement en rapportant à l'extérieur des panneaux de particules agglomérées, par exemple de type orientées. Enfin, une isolation est rapportée par l'intérieur contre les panneaux pour venir entre les poteaux.One known technique for constructing a wall for a timber frame building consists of staggering a plurality of solid wood poles of large sections, and then carrying out the bracing by connecting externally agglomerated particle boards, for example of the oriented type. Finally, insulation is reported from the inside against the panels to come between the posts.

Ce système constructif à superposition de couches (isolants, parements, panneaux) implique que le système d'isolation est totalement dissocié du système porteur. Une telle paroi peut être livrée sous la forme de modules élémentaires préfabriqués adoptant la forme d'un panneau de très grandes dimensions, ou bien fabriquée directement sur le chantier. Dans le premier cas, cette technique complexe, bien que gage de qualité de fabrication, présente l'inconvénient d'une logistique importante (transport et levage). Par contre dans le deuxième cas, la précision de fabrication sur le chantier est incertaine suivant les aléas des saisons et restant sujette aux variations climatiques.This constructive system with layering layers (insulation, facings, panels) implies that the insulation system is completely dissociated from the carrier system. Such a wall can be delivered in the form of prefabricated elementary modules adopting the shape of a very large panel. dimensions, or manufactured directly on site. In the first case, this complex technique, although a guarantee of quality of manufacture, has the disadvantage of an important logistics (transport and lifting). On the other hand, in the second case, the precision of fabrication on the site is uncertain according to the vagaries of the seasons and remaining subject to climatic variations.

Les documents FR 239 3 894 A1 et US 6 412 245 B1 divulgent des caissons à isolation intégrée pour des parois.The documents FR 239 3 894 A1 and US 6,412,245 B1 divide insulated enclosures for walls.

FR 2 393 894 A1 divulgue toutes les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1. FR 2 393 894 A1 discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

L'objet de l'invention consiste à réaliser une paroi pour bâtiment à ossature bois, à partir de modules élémentaires simples et peu onéreux, qui sont faciles à mettre en oeuvre et garantissent une qualité de fabrication certaine.The object of the invention is to provide a wood frame building wall, from simple and inexpensive elementary modules, which are easy to implement and ensure a certain quality of manufacture.

La paroi selon l'invention est remarquable en ce qu'elle comporte au moins deux modules élémentaires, dont chacun consiste en un bloc parallélépipédique comprenant d'une part un cadre rectangulaire de structure constitué de panneaux verticaux et horizontaux parallèles deux à deux en particules agglomérées, et d'autre part deux panneaux de remplissage parallèles en particules agglomérées fermant ledit cadre, ledit bloc renfermant sur l'ensemble de son volume un matériau thermiquement et phoniquement isolant, les panneaux verticaux et horizontaux du cadre se prolongeant en direction de l'extérieur du bloc par rapport à au moins l'un des deux panneaux de remplissage pour former des ailettes de fixation, ces modules étant fixés de manière adjacente par deux ailettes de fixation maintenues en contact par des moyens de fixation.The wall according to the invention is remarkable in that it comprises at least two elementary modules, each of which consists of a parallelepiped block comprising on the one hand a rectangular frame of structure consisting of vertical and horizontal panels parallel two by two in agglomerated particles. and on the other hand two parallel filling panels in agglomerated particles closing said frame, said block enclosing on the whole of its volume a thermally and acoustically insulating material, the vertical and horizontal panels of the frame being extending towards the outside of the block with respect to at least one of the two filler panels to form fixing fins, these modules being fixed adjacently by two fixing fins held in contact by fixing means.

La fabrication classique de chaque module, par exemple par rainurage et collage, facilite son obtention en usine. Un module élémentaire en forme de bloc parallélépipédique peut avantageusement présenter des dimensions raisonnables, le rendant manu portable. Ses dimensions faibles, par exemple d'environ 50 cm de largeur, combinées à sa simplicité de conception permet une manutention aisée tout en maintenant la qualité et en abaissant les coûts de fabrication, de transport, de manutention et de stockage. Il est pré isolé en usine, garantissant une qualité d'isolation optimale. Les panneaux de remplissage permettent de s'affranchir d'un pare vapeur. Un tel module élémentaire exclut avantageusement toute nécessité à recourir à du bois massif, en n'utilisant au contraire que des matières provenant de recyclage de la filière bois traditionnelle. En combinant des modules élémentaires de formes différentes (hauteur d'étage, allège, linteau, ...), une paroi complète pourvue de blocs fenêtres est obtenue aisément. Les modules élémentaires sont porteurs et contreventant, et peuvent servir de support au solivage du plancher de l'étage supérieur. Enfin, leur assemblage simple est accessible à tous car il ne nécessite pas l'intervention d'une entreprise spécialisée.The conventional manufacture of each module, for example by grooving and gluing, facilitates its obtaining in the factory. An elementary module in the form of a parallelepiped block can advantageously have reasonable dimensions, making it portable. Its small dimensions, for example about 50 cm wide, combined with its design simplicity allows easy handling while maintaining quality and lowering manufacturing, transportation, handling and storage costs. It is pre-insulated at the factory, ensuring optimum insulation quality. The filling panels make it possible to get rid of a vapor barrier. Such an elementary module advantageously excludes any need to use solid wood, using instead only materials from recycling of the traditional wood industry. By combining elementary modules of different shapes (floor height, lighter, lintel, ...), a complete wall provided with window blocks is easily obtained. The elementary modules are load bearing and bracing, and can serve as a support for the joist floor of the upper floor. Finally, their simple assembly is accessible to all because it does not require the intervention of a specialized company.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel facilitant le montage, les panneaux verticaux du cadre comportent intérieurement des rainures pour la réception des panneaux de remplissage et leur maintien par collage.According to a preferred embodiment facilitating assembly, the vertical panels of the frame internally comprise grooves for receiving the filling panels and their retention by gluing.

D'autres caractéristiques techniques peuvent être utilisées isolément ou en combinaison :

  • l'épaisseur des panneaux de remplissage est inférieure à l'épaisseur des panneaux verticaux et horizontaux du cadre,
  • le matériau est de la ouate de cellulose,
  • un film pare pluie est rapporté contre les modules élémentaires et maintenu en place par des éléments de verrouillage rapportés par l'extérieur contre le film pare pluie au niveau des ailettes de fixation adjacentes,
  • chaque élément de verrouillage est constitué par une latte équipée d'une rainure dans laquelle viennent s'engager les ailettes de fixation adjacentes.
Other technical characteristics can be used in isolation or in combination:
  • the thickness of the filler panels is less than the thickness of the vertical and horizontal panels of the frame,
  • the material is cellulose wadding,
  • a rain film is attached against the elementary modules and held in place by locking elements reported from the outside against the rain film at the level of adjacent fastening fins,
  • each locking element is constituted by a slat equipped with a groove in which are engaged the adjacent fastening fins.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre de modes particuliers de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et représentés aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente un exemple de module élémentaire appartenant à une paroi selon l'invention, en perspective,
  • les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe respectivement transversale et longitudinale du module de la figure 1, dépourvu du matériau thermiquement et phoniquement isolant,
  • les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues respectivement en coupe longitudinale et transversale du module des figures 1 à 3, mais équipé du matériau thermiquement et phoniquement isolant,
  • la figure 6 illustre le détail A de la figure 5,
  • la figure 7 représente une paroi selon l'invention, comportant plusieurs modules adjacents.
Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting example and represented in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 represents an example of an elementary module belonging to a wall according to the invention, in perspective,
  • the Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional and longitudinal cross sectional views respectively of the module of the figure 1 , devoid of thermally and acoustically insulating material,
  • the figures 4 and 5 are views respectively in longitudinal and transverse section of the module of the Figures 1 to 3 but equipped with thermally and acoustically insulating material,
  • the figure 6 illustrates detail A of the figure 5 ,
  • the figure 7 represents a wall according to the invention, comprising several adjacent modules.

Description d'un mode préférentiel de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

Les figures 1 à 6 représentent un exemple de module élémentaire, utilisable pour la fabrication de paroi pour bâtiment à ossature bois, selon l'invention, tandis que la figure 7 est une vue en coupe horizontale d'une telle paroi.The Figures 1 to 6 represent an example of an elementary module that can be used for the manufacture of a timber frame building wall, according to the invention, while the figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view of such a wall.

Le module élémentaire 10 est destiné à la fabrication de paroi pour bâtiment à ossature bois. Cette paroi peut être verticale telle qu'un mur porteur ou non, extérieur ou non, ou bien encore une paroi horizontale telle qu'un plafond ou un plancher, ou bien encore une paroi oblique telle qu'une partie de toit supportant les tuiles.The elementary module 10 is intended for the manufacture of walls for timber frame buildings. This wall may be vertical such as a load-bearing wall or not, external or not, or even a horizontal wall such as a ceiling or a floor, or even an oblique wall such as a roof portion supporting the tiles.

Le module consiste en un bloc parallélépipédique comprenant un cadre rectangulaire de structure constitué de panneaux longitudinaux 11 et latéraux 12 parallèles deux à deux. Les ouvertures opposées délimitées par le cadre sont fermées par deux panneaux de remplissage 13 parallèles fermant ledit cadre. Les panneaux longitudinaux ou verticaux 11, les panneaux latéraux ou horizontaux 12, et les panneaux de remplissage 13, sont en particules agglomérées, par exemple de type à grandes particules orientées (OSB en anglais pour « Oriented Strand Board »). Dans ce cas, les particules de bois sont compressées et encollées avec de la cire et de la résine. Les particules, par exemple de forme rectangulaire, sont orientées sur un tapis avant encollage.The module consists of a parallelepiped block comprising a rectangular frame of structure consisting of longitudinal panels 11 and lateral 12 parallel in pairs. The opposite openings delimited by the frame are closed by two parallel filling panels 13 closing said frame. The longitudinal or vertical panels 11, the lateral or horizontal panels 12, and the filler panels 13, are in agglomerated particles, for example of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) type. In this case, the wood particles are compressed and glued with wax and resin. The particles, for example of rectangular shape, are oriented on a mat before gluing.

Le bloc renferme sur l'ensemble de son volume intérieur un matériau thermiquement et phoniquement isolant 16 (figure 4). Le matériau 16 peut être de type, choisi parmi tous les matériaux idoines en fonction des caractéristiques d'isolation recherchées. À titre d'exemple, le matériau 16 est de la ouate de cellulose. Chaque bloc, avant l'assemblage final conduisant à sa fermeture, notamment la mise en place du panneau latéral 12 supérieur, peut être insufflé en usine avec la ouate de cellulose sur une épaisseur minimale de 200 mm pour une conductivité thermique de 5 W/m2K. L'épaisseur d'isolation détermine l'épaisseur du bloc (distance transversale séparant les deux panneaux de remplissage 13), lui permettant ainsi de s'adapter facilement aux évolutions de la réglementation thermique, voire même de correspondre aux normes de bâtiments basse consommation et maisons dites passives.The block encloses on the whole of its interior volume a thermally and acoustically insulating material 16 ( figure 4 ). The material 16 may be of the type chosen from all the appropriate materials depending on the desired insulation characteristics. By way of example, the material 16 is cellulose wadding. Each block, before the final assembly leading to its closure, including the establishment of the upper side panel 12, can be injected at the factory with the cellulose wadding to a minimum thickness of 200 mm for a thermal conductivity of 5 W / m2K . The insulation thickness determines the thickness of the block (transverse distance separating the two filler panels 13), thus enabling it to easily adapt to changes in the thermal regulation, or even to meet the standards of buildings low consumption and so-called passive houses.

Les panneaux longitudinaux 11 et latéraux 12 du cadre se prolongent en direction de l'extérieur du bloc par rapport à au moins l'un des deux panneaux de remplissage pour former des ailettes de fixation. Avantageusement les panneaux longitudinaux 11 et latéraux 12 du cadre peuvent se prolonger en direction de l'extérieur du bloc par rapport aux deux panneaux de remplissage pour former tant du côté intérieur que du côté extérieur une ceinture débordant en saillie du reste du bloc, chaque ceinture étant formée par quatre ailettes de fixation rectilignes. Les ailettes de fixation prolongeant les panneaux longitudinaux sont repérés 14 et celles prolongeant les panneaux latéraux sont repérés 15.The longitudinal and lateral panels 12 of the frame extend towards the outside of the block with respect to at least one of the two filler panels to form fixing fins. Advantageously, the longitudinal and lateral panels 12 of the frame may extend towards the outside of the block relative to the two filling panels to form both the inner side and the side an outer belt projecting from the rest of the block, each belt being formed by four straight fixing fins. The fixing fins extending the longitudinal panels are marked 14 and those extending the side panels are marked 15.

Les panneaux longitudinaux 11 du cadre comportent intérieurement des rainures pour la réception des panneaux de remplissage 13 et leur maintien par collage. Une rainure 18 prévue dans un panneau longitudinal 11 pour la mise en place d'un panneau de remplissage 13 est visible sur la figure 6. De même les panneaux latéraux 12 supérieur et inférieur sont également emboîtés et collés, limitant autant que possible la déformation du bloc parallélépipédique. Cet assemblage par rainurage et collage du bloc constitue une étanchéité parfaite à la vapeur d'eau, permettant de s'affranchir de la nécessité d'un pare vapeur supplémentaire contrairement à l'art antérieur.The longitudinal panels 11 of the frame internally have grooves for receiving the filling panels 13 and their retention by gluing. A groove 18 provided in a longitudinal panel 11 for the establishment of a filler panel 13 is visible on the figure 6 . Similarly, the upper and lower side panels 12 are also nested and glued, limiting as much as possible the deformation of the parallelepiped block. This assembly by grooving and bonding of the block is a perfect seal to water vapor, to overcome the need for an additional vapor barrier unlike the prior art.

Avantageusement, l'épaisseur des panneaux de remplissage 13 peut être inférieure à l'épaisseur des panneaux longitudinaux 11 et latéraux 12 du cadre. Cette particularité a pour effet de limiter le flambement des panneaux longitudinaux 11 et réalise le contreventement de l'ensemble. À titre d'exemple, l'épaisseur des panneaux longitudinaux 11 et latéraux 12 est de 18 mm et celle des panneaux de remplissage est de 9 mm.Advantageously, the thickness of the filling panels 13 may be less than the thickness of the longitudinal panels 11 and lateral 12 of the frame. This feature has the effect of limiting the buckling of the longitudinal panels 11 and realizes the bracing of the assembly. As for example, the thickness of the longitudinal panels 11 and side panels 12 is 18 mm and that of the filling panels is 9 mm.

Dans ce qui précède, la notion de directions longitudinale et latérale est à distinguer de toute notion de dimension physique du bloc. Les directions longitudinales et latérales correspondent respectivement aux orientations prévues verticale et horizontale respectivement. À titre d'exemple, la dimension longitudinale du bloc pourrait être inférieure à sa dimension latérale.In what precedes, the notion of longitudinal and lateral directions is to be distinguished from any notion of physical dimension of the block. The longitudinal and lateral directions respectively correspond to the planned vertical and horizontal orientations respectively. By way of example, the longitudinal dimension of the block could be smaller than its lateral dimension.

Les dimensions des blocs parallélépipédiques, dans les trois directions, peuvent être variables suivant les applications recherchées. Par exemple, la dimension latérale du bloc, correspondant à la distance séparant les deux panneaux longitudinaux 11, peut correspondre à un pas standard de 500 mm. La dimension longitudinale du bloc, c'est-à-dire la distance séparant les deux panneaux latéraux 12, peut correspondre à une hauteur d'étage du bâtiment, de l'ordre de 3000 mm. Un tel bloc constitue un module élémentaire standard.The dimensions of the parallelepiped blocks, in the three directions, may vary according to the desired applications. For example, the lateral dimension of the block, corresponding to the distance separating the two longitudinal panels 11, may correspond to a standard pitch of 500 mm. The longitudinal dimension of the block, that is to say the distance separating the two side panels 12, may correspond to a floor height of the building, of the order of 3000 mm. Such a block constitutes a standard elementary module.

Mais d'autres dimensions de bloc peuvent être envisagées pour former des modules élémentaires 10 spécifiques suivant les applications recherchées. Par exemple, un module élémentaire constitutif d'une allège de fenêtre peut être formé par un bloc ayant une dimension latérale de 500 mm et une dimension longitudinale de 1250 mm. Ce module élémentaire peut être juxtaposé en fonction des largeurs des ouvertures. Selon un autre exemple, un module élémentaire constitutif de linteaux pour fenêtre, porte-fenêtre, ou porte d'entrée, peut être formé par un bloc ayant une dimension latérale variable par exemple entre 1000 et 2500 mm et une dimension longitudinale de 450 mm par exemple.But other block dimensions can be envisaged to form specific elementary modules 10 according to the desired applications. For example, a constituent elementary module of a window sill can be formed by a block having a lateral dimension of 500 mm and a longitudinal dimension of 1250 mm. This elementary module can be juxtaposed according to the widths of the openings. According to another example, a constituent elementary module of lintels for a window, French window, or entrance door may be formed by a block having a variable lateral dimension, for example between 1000 and 2500 mm and a longitudinal dimension of 450 mm by example.

L'ensemble des modules élémentaires décrits ci-dessus peut s'utiliser en combinaison avec des blocs menuiseries composés d'une menuiserie assemblée à un tableau en panneau trois plis mélèze et d'un appui en forme de pente revêtu d'une bavette en zinc ou en aluminium. Les blocs menuiseries peuvent être de dimensions variables, en fonction notamment de celles des modules élémentaires utilisés en combinaison.The set of elementary modules described above can be used in combination with joinery blocks composed of joinery assembled to a board in three ply larch and a slope-shaped support covered with a zinc flap or aluminum. The joinery blocks can be of variable dimensions, in particular according to those of the elementary modules used in combination.

Une paroi 17 pour bâtiment à ossature bois comportant au moins deux modules élémentaires 10 est représentée à la figure 7. Cette paroi est, par exemple, un mur vertical. Lesdits au moins deux modules 10 sont fixés de manière adjacente l'un contre l'autre dans leurs directions latérales, par deux ailettes de fixation maintenues en contact grâce à des moyens de fixation, où chacune desdites deux ailettes appartient à l'un desdits modules. Autrement dit, les modules 10 sont maintenus adjacents latéralement les uns contre les autres par leurs panneaux longitudinaux 11, en particulier par mise en contact puis maintien de ce contact au niveau de leurs ailettes de fixation longitudinales 14. Deux ailettes de fixation longitudinales 14 adjacentes, appartenant donc chacune à un module élémentaire 10 différent, sont fixées l'une contre l'autre latéralement par tous moyens de fixation idoines, par exemple mécaniquement par vissage.A wall 17 for a timber frame building comprising at least two elementary modules 10 is shown in FIG. figure 7 . This wall is, for example, a vertical wall. Said at least two modules 10 are fixed adjacent to one another in their lateral directions, by two fixing wings held in contact by means of fixing means, where each of said two fins belongs to one of said modules. In other words, the modules 10 are held adjacent laterally against each other by their longitudinal panels 11, in particular by contacting and then maintaining this contact at their longitudinal fastening fins 14. Two adjacent longitudinal fastening fins 14, therefore each belonging to a different elementary module 10, are fixed against each other laterally by any suitable fastening means, for example mechanically by screwing.

De la manière illustrée sur la figure 7, du côté extérieur de la paroi 17, un film pare pluie 19 peut être rapporté contre les modules élémentaires 10 et maintenu en place par des éléments de verrouillage 20 rapportés par l'extérieur contre le film pare pluie 19 au niveau des ailettes de fixation longitudinales 14 adjacentes. Chaque élément de verrouillage 20 peut être constitué par une latte verticale équipée d'une rainure dans laquelle viennent s'engager les ailettes extérieures de fixation longitudinales 14 adjacentes. Chaque latte peut être maintenue par vissage dans les ailettes de fixation longitudinales 14 sur lesquelles elle est rapportée. Par exemple, le film pare pluie 19 peut être subdivisé en une pluralité d'éléments pare pluie individuels recouvrant chacun le panneau de remplissage 13 extérieur de l'un des modules 10 de la paroi. Les éléments pare pluie individuels peuvent être fixés en usine sur le module associé. Le recouvrement des éléments pare pluie individuels peut avantageusement se pratiquer au niveau des éléments de verrouillage 20, à la jonction entre les modules 10.As illustrated on the figure 7 on the outer side of the wall 17, a rain film 19 may be attached against the elementary modules 10 and held in place by locking elements 20 reported from the outside against the rain film 19 at the longitudinal fastening fins 14 adjacent. Each locking element 20 may be constituted by a vertical slat equipped with a groove in which are engaged the outer longitudinal fastening fins 14 adjacent. Each slat can be held by screwing in the longitudinal fastening fins 14 to which it is attached. For example, the rain film 19 may be subdivided into a plurality of individual rain shields each covering the outer filler panel 13 of one of the modules 10 of the wall. Individual rain shield elements can be factory set on the associated module. The covering of the individual rain elements can advantageously be practiced at the level of the locking elements 20, at the junction between the modules 10.

Les éléments de verrouillage 20 peuvent également assurer la ventilation extérieure de la paroi et la fixation de la vêture extérieure 22 constituée par du bardage, des panneaux de support d'enduits ou équivalents.The locking elements 20 may also provide external ventilation of the wall and fastening of the outer cladding 22 consisting of cladding, plaster support panels or the like.

Les ceintures débordant en saillie des blocs par rapport aux panneaux de remplissage 13 peuvent servir non seulement à la fixation des modules de manière adjacente entre eux latéralement, mais également à la fixation individuelle par vissage des modules sur la lisse basse d'assise, le support pouvant indifféremment être une dalle maçonnée ou un plancher en bois sur vide sanitaire. Elles peuvent également permettre la fixation des solives du plancher dans la partie supérieure des modules 10.The belts projecting protruding from the blocks with respect to the filling panels 13 may serve not only for fastening the modules adjacent to each other laterally, but also for the individual fixation by screwing the modules on the lower base plate, the support can indifferently be a masonry slab or a wooden floor on crawl space. They can also allow the fixing of the joists of the floor in the upper part of the modules 10.

Comme l'illustre la figure 6, un moyen d'étanchéité 21 tel qu'un cordon de mastic peut être réalisé extérieurement sur les panneaux longitudinaux 11 avant leur mise en place adjacente au sein de la paroi 17, pour assurer l'étanchéité à l'air entre les modules élémentaires 10.As illustrated by figure 6 , a sealing means 21 such as a mastic bead may be made externally on the longitudinal panels 11 before their adjacent placement within the wall 17, to ensure airtightness between the elementary modules 10 .

Du côté intérieur de la paroi 17, les ceintures débordant en saillie des panneaux de remplissage 13 internes peuvent servir à la fixation d'éléments de support 23 tels qu'un lattis de bois ou de métal, par exemple horizontal. Les éléments de support 23 peuvent être maintenus par vissage dans les ailettes intérieures de fixation longitudinales 14 sur lesquelles ils sont rapportés. Ils sont destinés à permettre la fixation d'un parement intérieur non représenté avec interposition d'un passage pour une circulation de l'air. Ce passage permet en outre de placer des gaines fluides sans nécessiter de perçage du bloc, du matériau 16 et de l'étanchéité à l'air.On the inner side of the wall 17, the belts protruding projecting from the internal filler panels 13 can be used for fixing support elements 23 such as a lattice of wood or metal, for example horizontal. The support members 23 may be held by screwing into the inner longitudinal fastening fins 14 to which they are attached. They are intended to allow the attachment of a not shown interior facing with interposition of a passage for air circulation. This passage also makes it possible to place fluid ducts without requiring drilling of the block, the material 16 and the airtightness.

Outre les avantages déjà précités, l'invention permet de recycler des déchets de bois provenant de la filière bois traditionnelle pour la fabrication des panneaux 11, 12 et 13, et de diminuer le poids global de l'ensemble, facilitant la manutention pour une résistance du bâtiment équivalente. Les risques de ponts thermiques à la jonction entre les modules élémentaires sont diminués. L'isolation est intégrée et il n'est pas nécessaire de rapporter d'éléments isolants à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur. L'isolation obtenue est homogène dans le cas d'un matériau 16 insufflé à haute densité (au moins 70kg/m3).In addition to the advantages already mentioned above, the invention makes it possible to recycle wood waste originating from the traditional wood industry for the production of panels 11, 12 and 13, and to reduce the overall weight of the assembly, facilitating handling for resistance. equivalent building. The risks of thermal bridges at the junction between the elementary modules are reduced. The insulation is integrated and it is not necessary to bring insulating elements inside or outside. The insulation obtained is homogeneous in the case of a material 16 blown at high density (at least 70 kg / m3).

Claims (6)

  1. Wall (17) for a building having a timber framework, comprising at least two elementary modules (10), each of them consisting in a parallelepipedal block comprising on the one hand a rectangular structure frame composed of vertical (11) and horizontal (12) boards made of agglomerated particles, two by two parallel, and on the other hand two parallel filling boards (13) made of agglomerated particles and closing said frame, said block containing within its entire volume a thermically and acoustically insulating material (16), characterized in that the vertical (11) and horizontal (12) boards of the frame extend towards the outside of the block relative to at least one of the two filling boards (13) for forming fastening fins (14, 15), these modules being fixed in an adjacent way by means of two fastening fins (14) maintained in contact with one another by fastening means.
  2. Wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical boards (11) of the frame comprise inwardly grooves (18) for receiving filling boards (13) and maintaining them together by means of an adhesive.
  3. Wall according to anyone of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the thickness of the filling boards (13) is lower than the thickness of the vertical (11) and horizontal (12) boards of the frame.
  4. Wall according to anyone of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material (16) is cellulose wadding.
  5. Wall according to anyone of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a rain shield film (19) is fixed on the elementary modules (10) and maintained in place by means of locking elements (20) fixed outside on the rain shield film (19) at the adjacent fastening fins (14).
  6. Wall according to claim 5, characterized in that each locking element (20) is formed by a lath provided with a groove wherein the adjacent fastening fins (14) are inserted.
EP20110354003 2010-02-08 2011-02-07 Wall for buildings with wooden support structure Active EP2354345B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1000503A FR2956133B1 (en) 2010-02-08 2010-02-08 ELEMENTARY MODULE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WALL FOR BUILDING WITH WOOD AND WALL FRAMEWORK

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EP2354345A1 EP2354345A1 (en) 2011-08-10
EP2354345B1 true EP2354345B1 (en) 2013-04-10

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1022560B1 (en) * 2014-10-28 2016-06-02 Antonio Capraro Method for the construction of buildings
SE541046C2 (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-03-19 Moerch Jensen Patrik Wall element, building wall and methods for constructing such elements and walls
FR3107909B1 (en) 2020-03-05 2022-03-25 Rene Trey Et Fils Modular assembly, method of ordering a modular assembly and building comprising a modular assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2393894A1 (en) * 1977-06-08 1979-01-05 Salmeron Floreal Box section for prefabricated house walls - has upper and lower plates joined by rectangular strut with dovetailed ends
CH634624A5 (en) * 1980-04-03 1983-02-15 Golay Roger Scierie Sa Composite plank for the construction of chalets
NZ329387A (en) * 1997-12-12 1999-02-25 Grouw Holdings Ltd Building member comprising two spaced apart boards and at least one connecting member

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EP2354345A1 (en) 2011-08-10
FR2956133B1 (en) 2014-02-28
FR2956133A1 (en) 2011-08-12

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