EP2238664B1 - Distance protection and method for monitoring an electrical power transmission line - Google Patents
Distance protection and method for monitoring an electrical power transmission line Download PDFInfo
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- EP2238664B1 EP2238664B1 EP08707551.1A EP08707551A EP2238664B1 EP 2238664 B1 EP2238664 B1 EP 2238664B1 EP 08707551 A EP08707551 A EP 08707551A EP 2238664 B1 EP2238664 B1 EP 2238664B1
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- distance protection
- line impedance
- impedance value
- voltage
- power transmission
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000219504 Caryophyllales Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/40—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to ratio of voltage and current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/263—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of measured values
Definitions
- the invention relates to a distance protection arrangement according to claim 1.
- Distance protection arrangements of the type described can be formed, for example, with distance protection devices of the series 7SA522 from Siemens. In these distance protection devices, for example, 0.85 times the amount of the line impedance is used as the predetermined line impedance value in order to determine the size of a trip area. If, subsequently, a conductor-conductor or conductor-earth impedance measured by the distance protection device is within this tripping area, then an error signal is generated.
- EP1416603 discloses an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 10.
- the invention has for its object to provide a distance protection arrangement, can be generated with the error signals even more reliable than previous distance protection arrangements.
- the distance protection arrangement comprises a further device which is connected to the other end of the power transmission line and is suitable to measure voltage and current at the other end to form second voltage and current measurements
- the distance protection arrangement comprises a line impedance measuring device is suitable for calculating the line impedance of the power transmission line and providing a measured line impedance value, using the first and second voltage and current measurements
- the distance protection arrangement is adapted to account for this measured line impedance value in the further monitoring of the power transmission line.
- a significant advantage of the distance protection arrangement according to the invention is that a recalibration or reparameterization of the distance protection arrangement on the basis of a measured line impedance value is possible, which is measured during normal operation of the distance protection arrangement. Such a recalibration or reparameterization can thus be carried out in an advantageous manner without the need to take the energy transmission line to be monitored out of operation for this purpose.
- the distance protection device and the further device are synchronized in such a way that the first and the second voltage and current measured values are measured synchronously.
- the first and the second voltage and current measurements must be subsequently mathematically synchronized, for example by a subsequent mathematical sampling.
- the distance protection arrangement comprises a warning module which is suitable for comparing the measured line impedance value with the predetermined line impedance value and generating a warning signal if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value is in magnitude and / or phase exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- a warning signal for example, the operator of the power transmission line or the operator of the distance protection arrangement can be warned that the distance protection arrangement in operation may not work correctly and possibly not sufficiently or too much protects.
- the distance protection arrangement has a parameterization module which is suitable for replacing the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection device with the measured line impedance value and for parameterizing the measured line impedance value as a new predefined line impedance value in the distance protection device.
- the distance protection device is also suitable, after a parameterization by the parameterization module to generate the error signal by using the new predetermined line impedance value.
- an automatic reparameterization of the distance protection arrangement can thus take place, be it for example automatically or in response to a corresponding parameterization command from the operator of the distance protection arrangement.
- the parameterization module is designed such that it only replaces the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection device with the measured line impedance value if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value exceeds a predetermined threshold value in terms of magnitude and / or phase.
- the distance protection arrangement has a warning module and a parameterization module, it is considered advantageous if a warning signal is generated if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value exceeds a predetermined threshold value which is greater than the threshold value of the parameterization module.
- the line impedance measuring device is formed by a central device which is separated from the distance protection device and the further device and into which the first and second voltage and current measured values are fed.
- the line impedance measuring device is implemented in the distance protection device and is formed by a function module of the distance protection device, the function module being connected to the further device via a data connection and via this the second voltage and current measurement values of receives additional device.
- the distance protection device connected via a data connection to the other device and receives the second voltage and current measurements of the other device and that the line impedance measuring device is contained in a separate, connected to the distance protection device control device, the first voltage and current measurements of the distance protection device directly and receives the second voltage and current measurements indirectly from the other device, namely on the distance protection device.
- the line impedance measuring device is preferably formed by a program module which is suitable for processing timestamped fault records of at least two electrical devices, namely at least the fault records of the distance protection device and the fault records of the other device.
- a program module can be implemented, for example, in commercially available protection software, such as, for example, the SIGRA software from Siemens.
- the further device synchronized with the distance protection device may be, for example, a second distance protection device.
- the invention also relates to a method according to claim 10.
- the method is formed with the respective predetermined line impedance value at least one tripping region in the complex impedance plane and the error signal is generated when at least one formed with the first voltage and current measurements conductor-earth impedance or one with the the first voltage and current measurements formed conductor-conductor impedance is within the tripping region.
- FIG. 1 an embodiment of a distance protection arrangement 10 is shown.
- a first distance protection device 20 of the distance protection arrangement 10 is connected to one end 30 of a three-phase energy transmission line 40.
- a second distance protection device 60 is connected to another end 50 of the power transmission line 40.
- a synchronizing device 70 Connected to the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 is a synchronizing device 70, which synchronizes the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 in time so that they generate time-synchronized first and second voltage and current measurement values U1, I1, U2, I2.
- the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are each equipped with corresponding synchronizing inputs 20s and 60s.
- the synchronization device 70 is formed by a GPS transmitter, which transmits a GPS signal to the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 as a synchronization signal T.
- the synchronizing inputs 20s and 60s of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are thus designed as GPS receivers.
- synchronizer 70 can also be designed differently and transmit signals other than GPS signals as a synchronization signal T;
- the synchronization signal T does not have to be transmitted by radio, but may alternatively be wired to the two distance protection devices 20 and 60.
- the first distance protection device 20 measures the first voltage and current measured values U1 and I1 at the one end 30 of the energy transmission line 40 and forms with these measured values, for example, phase-to-phase impedances and phase-to-phase impedances for the phase-phase loops and the phase-to-phase impedances. Ground loops at the one end 30 of the three-phase power transmission line 40. With the conductor-conductor impedances or conductor-earth impedances thus formed, the distance protection device 20 subsequently checks whether an error has occurred on the power transmission line 40. This can be done, for example, by the distance protection device checking whether the formed conductor-earth impedances or conductor-conductor impedances lie within or outside a predetermined tripping region AG.
- each an individual triggering region AG is given.
- the size and / or the shape of the tripping regions AG depends directly or indirectly on the magnitude and / or the phase of a line impedance value Z Ltg predetermined in the distance protection device 20.
- the predetermined line impedance value Z Ltg indicates directly or indirectly the line impedance of the energy transmission line 40.
- the first distance protection device 20 now determines that one or more of the measured conductor-conductor impedances or one or more of the measured conductor-earth impedances are within the respective predetermined tripping region AG, then so it generates an error signal indicative of an error on the power transmission line 40.
- an error signal can be generated for example in the form of a trigger signal ST1, with which a switch 80 of the power transmission line 40 is opened and the current flow is interrupted.
- the second distance protection device 60 may, for example, be identical to the first distance protection device 20 and monitor the other end 50 of the energy transmission line 40 in a comparable manner.
- the second distance protection device 60 can form, for example, the second voltage and current measured values U2 and I2 and check with them according to predetermined triggering regions AG whether an error has occurred on the energy transmission line 40 or not. If this is the case, then the second distance protection device 60 will generate in a comparable manner a trigger signal ST2 as an error signal with which a switch 90 of the energy transmission line 40 is opened and the current flow is interrupted.
- the line impedance value Z Ltg used for the definition of the tripping regions AG is correctly predefined in the distance protection device 20 or 60. If the distance protection devices 20 and 60, respectively, start from incorrect line impedance values Z Ltg , significant tripping errors can occur when generating the tripping signals ST1 or ST2.
- the distance protection arrangement 10 according to the FIG. 1 additionally equipped with a central device 100.
- the central device 100 has a line impedance measuring device 110 and a warning module 120.
- the central device 100 is wired or wirelessly connected to the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 and receives from them the measured first and second voltage and current measurements U1, I1, U2 and I2 and determines with these a line impedance value Z Ltg '- hereinafter measured Line impedance value Z Ltg ', which refers to the power transmission line 40 and indicates its measured line impedance.
- warning module 120 is 'to be compared with the predetermined in the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 line impedance values Z Ltg and on the output side to generate a warning signal SW when the deviation between the measured line impedance value Z Ltg' the measured line impedance value Z Ltg and the predetermined Line impedance value Z Ltg is too high by amount and / or phase and exceeds a predetermined threshold.
- the network operator of the power transmission line 40 is thus informed by the warning signal SW that the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are parameterized incorrectly, at least not optimally, and thus may not work reliably enough: Thus, it may be due to the incorrect or inaccurate line impedance value Z In the event that an error occurs, tripping signals ST1 or ST2 are not generated at all or, alternatively, without cause.
- the network operator thus has the option of initiating a new parameterization of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 in the presence of the warning signal SW.
- the line impedance Z Ltg 'at one end 30 can be determined via the voltage drop across the energy transmission line 40 and the current flow in the energy transmission line 40 according to:
- Z L 1 U L 1 e . 1 - U L 1 e . 2 I L 1 . 1
- Z L 2 U L 2 e . 1 - U L 2 e . 2 I L 2 . 1
- Z L 3 U L 3 e . 1 - U L 3 e . 2 I L 3 . 1 from which then Z ' Ltg can be determined according to:
- Z ' cond Z L 1 + Z L 2 + Z L 3 3
- the voltage and current measured values U1, I1, U2, I2 can be transmitted to the central device 100 in the form of pointer measurement values, for example.
- the two distance protection devices 20 and 40 are preferably equipped with pointer measuring units PMU, which can perform a pointer formation according to the standard IEEE C37.118.
- a second embodiment of the distance protection arrangement 10 is shown. It can be seen that the central device 100 instead of the warning module 120 according to FIG. 1 a parameterization module 130.
- the function the parameterization module 130 is to initiate a new parameterization of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 automatically, automatically or to a corresponding operator input of the network operator, and to input the newly measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'in the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 directly or indirectly in such a way, that corresponding new tripping regions AG 'are generated, which relate to the measured line impedance value Z Ltg ' (cf. FIG. 3 ).
- the parameterization module 130 In order to initiate such a parameterization, the parameterization module 130 generates on the output side a parameterization signal SP which relates in terms of content to the newly measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'and with which a corresponding adaptation of the tripping regions AG within the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 is produced.
- the transmission of the voltage and current measured values from the distance protection devices 20 and 60 to the central device 100 as well as the transmission of the parameterization signals SP from the central device 100 to the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 preferably takes place according to the IEEE 61850 standard.
- the parameter a can be, for example, 0.85.
- Zones 2 to 4 shown can be reprogrammed in a similar or comparable way, but this is optional.
- the above-described adaptation of the tripping regions can be carried out, for example, in conductor-conductor loops and conductor-earth loops in an identical manner.
- different types of reparameterization and different ways of adjusting the tripping regions can be provided for the conductor-conductor loops and conductor-earth loops: In such a case, for example, the measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'in the new parameterization of the triggering areas for wire Conductor loops and conductor-earth loops are taken into account in different ways.
- ⁇ Leitung arctan Z cond ' .
- Z Ltg ' the absolute value of the measured line impedance value
- the parameterization module 130 is configured such that it performs a reparameterization of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 only if the deviation of the measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'from the previously specified line impedance values Z Ltg exceeds the amount and / or phase of a predetermined threshold.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 a third embodiment of a distance protection arrangement 10 is shown.
- the central device 100 is equipped both with a warning module 120 and with a parameterization module 130.
- the warning module 120 and the parameterization module 130 are preferably coordinated with respect to their mode of operation.
- the parameterization module 130 replaces the predetermined line impedance value Z Ltg with the newly measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'only then (cf. FIG. 5 ), when the deviation between the measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'and the previously specified line impedance value Z Ltg exceeds a predetermined threshold value and / or phase.
- the warning module 120 preferably generates a warning signal SW only if, despite the interaction of the parameterization module 130 and the new parameterization of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60, a further increase in the deviation between the measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'and the previously predetermined line impedance value Z Ltg can be ascertained, and this deviation exceeds a predetermined further threshold, which is preferably greater than the aforementioned threshold value of the parameterization device.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 an embodiment for a distance protection arrangement 10 is shown, in which the central device 100 operates offline and is formed for example by a portable PC (for example laptop or notebook, etc.).
- a portable PC for example laptop or notebook, etc.
- the central device 100 To transmit the first voltage and current measured values U1 and I1, the central device 100, for example, first connected to the first distance protection device 20 to query the recorded and stored in the distance protection device 20 voltage and current readings U1 and I1, as the FIG. 6 shows.
- the central device 100 is connected to the second distance protection device 60 in order to obtain from this the second voltage and current measured values U2 and I2; this is exemplified by the FIG. 7 .
- the central device 100 can evaluate the first and second voltage and current measured values U1, U2, I1, I2 recorded by the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 and form with them a measured line impedance value Z Ltg ', as already explained in detail above is.
- the central device 100 can subsequently generate a warning signal, as described above in connection with FIG. 1 has been explained by way of example, and / or generate a parameterization signal in order to reparameterize the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 in the event of incorrect or inaccurate parameterization;
- a warning signal as described above in connection with FIG. 1 has been explained by way of example, and / or generate a parameterization signal in order to reparameterize the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 in the event of incorrect or inaccurate parameterization;
- the parameterization please refer to the comments in connection with the FIG. 2 directed.
- the line impedance measuring device 110 which is used for generating the measured line impedance value Z Ltg ', may be formed in the central device 100, for example by a program module suitable for time stamped disturbance records of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 for the purpose of forming a measured line impedance value Z Ltg '- preferably in the manner described above - process.
- FIG. 8 an embodiment for a distance protection arrangement 10 is shown in which a central device 100 and also a synchronizer 70 are missing.
- the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are each equipped with a line impedance measuring device 110 and with a warning module 120 and a parameterization module 130.
- the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are connected to one another via a data connection 300 and transmit their respective voltage and current measured values to the respective other distance protection device via this data connection 300.
- the first distance protection device 20 transmits its first voltage and current measured values U1 and I1 to the second distance protection device 60
- the second distance protection device 60 transmits its second voltage and current measured values U2, I2 to the first distance protection device 20.
- a synchronization signal T is transmitted for synchronization, for example, from the first, acting as a "master" distance protection device 20 to the second, acting as a "slave" distance protection device 60th
- the two line impedance measuring devices 110 in the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 are able to measure the line impedance of the energy transmission line 40 and to generate a measured line impedance value Z Ltg '.
- the warning module 120 can generate a corresponding warning signal, as already described above in connection with FIG. 1 was explained so that an operator of the power transmission line 40 can take appropriate action to reparameterize the distance protection devices.
- the parameter setting module may cause a new parameterization of the respective distance protection device 20, 60 automatically or by a corresponding input of the operator of the power transmission line 40 through 130 by forming by reference to the newly measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'an adapted tripping region or adjusted trigger areas, so that a generation of the trigger signals ST1 or ST2 on the basis of the measured current line impedance of the power transmission line 40 can take place.
- FIG. 9 an embodiment for a distance protection arrangement 10 is shown, in which a control device 400 is connected to the first distance protection device 20.
- the control device 400 has a line impedance measuring device 110, a warning module 120 and a parameterization module 130.
- the control device 400 queries the first distance protection device 20 for the first voltage and current measured values U1 and I1 which have been recorded by the first distance protection device 20.
- the control device 400 queries the second voltage and current measured values U2 and I2 of the second distance protection device 60, which have reached the first distance protection device 20 via the data connection 300.
- the transmission of the second voltage and current measured values U2, I2 from the second distance protection device 60 thus takes place indirectly, specifically via the intermediary of the first distance protection device 20.
- line impedance meter 110 may determine the current line impedance of power transmission line 40 and determine a corresponding measured line impedance value Z Ltg '.
- the warning module 120 thus has the opportunity to generate a corresponding warning signal if the measured line impedance value deviates too much from the magnitude or phase of the line impedance value Z Ltg predetermined in the two distance protection devices 20 and 60.
- the parameterization module 130 can trigger a new parameterization of the two distance protection devices 20 and 60, when the deviation between the measured line impedance value Z Ltg 'and present in the two distance protection devices 20 and 60 line impedance value Z Ltg is too large.
- Such a reparameterization shows the FIG. 9 also exemplary.
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Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Distanzschutzanordnung gemäss Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a distance protection arrangement according to
Distanzschutzanordnungen der beschriebenen Art können beispielsweise mit Distanzschutzgeräten der Baureihe 7SA522 der Firma Siemens gebildet werden. Bei diesen Distanzschutzgeräten wird beispielsweise als vorgegebener Leitungsimpedanzwert das 0,85-fache des Betrages der Leitungsimpedanz herangezogen, um die Größe eines Auslösegebietes festzulegen. Liegt dann nachfolgend eine vom Distanzschutzgerät gemessene Leiter-Leiter- oder Leiter-Erde-Impedanz innerhalb dieses Auslösegebietes, so wird ein Fehlersignal erzeugt.Distance protection arrangements of the type described can be formed, for example, with distance protection devices of the series 7SA522 from Siemens. In these distance protection devices, for example, 0.85 times the amount of the line impedance is used as the predetermined line impedance value in order to determine the size of a trip area. If, subsequently, a conductor-conductor or conductor-earth impedance measured by the distance protection device is within this tripping area, then an error signal is generated.
Das Dokument
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Distanzschutzanordnung anzugeben, mit der sich Fehlersignale noch zuverlässiger als bei bisherigen Distanzschutzanordnungen erzeugen lassen.The invention has for its object to provide a distance protection arrangement, can be generated with the error signals even more reliable than previous distance protection arrangements.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Distanzschutzanordnung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Distanzschutzanordnung sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a distance protection arrangement with the features of
Danach ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Distanzschutzanordnung ein weiteres Gerät umfasst, das an dem anderen Ende der Energieübertragungsleitung angeschlossen sowie geeignet ist, Spannung und Strom an dem anderen Ende unter Bildung von zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerten zu messen, die Distanzschutzanordnung eine Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung aufweist, die geeignet ist, unter Heranziehung der ersten und zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte die Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung zu berechnen und einen gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert bereitzustellen, und die Distanzschutzanordnung geeignet ist, diesen gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert bei der weiteren Überwachung der Energieübertragungsleitung zu berücksichtigen.Thereafter, the invention provides that the distance protection arrangement comprises a further device which is connected to the other end of the power transmission line and is suitable to measure voltage and current at the other end to form second voltage and current measurements, the distance protection arrangement comprises a line impedance measuring device is suitable for calculating the line impedance of the power transmission line and providing a measured line impedance value, using the first and second voltage and current measurements, and the distance protection arrangement is adapted to account for this measured line impedance value in the further monitoring of the power transmission line.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Distanzschutzanordnung besteht darin, dass eine Neukalibrierung bzw. Neuparametrierung der Distanzschutzanordnung auf der Basis eines gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwerts möglich ist, der während des normalen Betriebs der Distanzschutzanordnung gemessen wird. Eine solche Neukalibrierung bzw. Neuparametrierung kann somit in vorteilhafter Weise durchgeführt werden, ohne dass hierzu die zu überwachende Energieübertragungsleitung außer Betrieb genommen werden muss.A significant advantage of the distance protection arrangement according to the invention is that a recalibration or reparameterization of the distance protection arrangement on the basis of a measured line impedance value is possible, which is measured during normal operation of the distance protection arrangement. Such a recalibration or reparameterization can thus be carried out in an advantageous manner without the need to take the energy transmission line to be monitored out of operation for this purpose.
Vorzugsweise sind das Distanzschutzgerät und das weitere Gerät derart synchronisiert, dass die ersten und die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte zeitsynchron gemessen werden. Im Falle einer zeitsynchronen Messung lässt sich nämlich vermeiden, dass die ersten und die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte noch nachträglich mathematisch synchronisiert werden müssen, beispielsweise durch eine nachträgliche mathematische Abtastung.Preferably, the distance protection device and the further device are synchronized in such a way that the first and the second voltage and current measured values are measured synchronously. In the case of a time-synchronous measurement, it is possible to avoid that the first and the second voltage and current measurements must be subsequently mathematically synchronized, for example by a subsequent mathematical sampling.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass die Distanzschutzanordnung ein Warnmodul aufweist, das geeignet ist, den gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert mit dem vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert zu vergleichen und ein Warnsignal zu erzeugen, wenn die Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert und dem vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert nach Betrag und/oder Phase einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet. Mit einem solchen Warnsignal kann beispielsweise der Betreiber der Energieübertragungsleitung bzw. der Betreiber der Distanzschutzanordnung davor gewarnt werden, dass die in Betrieb befindliche Distanzschutzanordnung unter Umständen nicht korrekt arbeitet und womöglich nicht ausreichend oder zu sehr schützt.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the distance protection arrangement comprises a warning module which is suitable for comparing the measured line impedance value with the predetermined line impedance value and generating a warning signal if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value is in magnitude and / or phase exceeds a predetermined threshold. With such a warning signal, for example, the operator of the power transmission line or the operator of the distance protection arrangement can be warned that the distance protection arrangement in operation may not work correctly and possibly not sufficiently or too much protects.
Die Distanzschutzanordnung weist ein Parametriermodul auf, das geeignet ist, den vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert des Distanzschutzgerätes durch den gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert zu ersetzen und den gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert als neuen vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert in dem Distanzschutzgerät zu parametrieren. Vorzugsweise ist das Distanzschutzgerät ebenfalls geeignet, nach einer Parametrierung durch das Parametriermodul das Fehlersignal unter Heranziehung des neuen vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes zu erzeugen. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung kann somit eine selbsttätige Neuparametrierung der Distanzschutzanordnung erfolgen, sei es beispielsweise automatisch oder auf einen entsprechenden Parametrierungsbefehl des Betreibers der Distanzschutzanordnung hin.The distance protection arrangement has a parameterization module which is suitable for replacing the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection device with the measured line impedance value and for parameterizing the measured line impedance value as a new predefined line impedance value in the distance protection device. Preferably, the distance protection device is also suitable, after a parameterization by the parameterization module to generate the error signal by using the new predetermined line impedance value. In this embodiment, an automatic reparameterization of the distance protection arrangement can thus take place, be it for example automatically or in response to a corresponding parameterization command from the operator of the distance protection arrangement.
Das Parametriermodul ist derart ausgestaltet, dass es den vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert des Distanzschutzgerätes durch den gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert nur dann ersetzt, wenn die Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert und dem vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert nach Betrag und/oder Phase einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet.The parameterization module is designed such that it only replaces the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection device with the measured line impedance value if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value exceeds a predetermined threshold value in terms of magnitude and / or phase.
Weist die Distanzschutzanordnung ein Warnmodul und ein Parametriermodul auf, so wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn ein Warnsignal erzeugt wird, wenn die Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert und dem vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert nach Betrag und/oder Phase einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet, der größer als der Schwellenwert des Parametriermoduls ist.If the distance protection arrangement has a warning module and a parameterization module, it is considered advantageous if a warning signal is generated if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predetermined line impedance value exceeds a predetermined threshold value which is greater than the threshold value of the parameterization module.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Distanzschutzanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung durch eine Zentraleinrichtung gebildet ist, die von dem Distanzschutzgerät und dem weiteren Gerät getrennt ist und in die die ersten und zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte eingespeist werden.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the distance protection arrangement, it is provided that the line impedance measuring device is formed by a central device which is separated from the distance protection device and the further device and into which the first and second voltage and current measured values are fed.
Gemäß einer anderen besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Distanzschutzanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung in dem Distanzschutzgerät implementiert ist und durch ein Funktionsmodul des Distanzschutzgeräts gebildet ist, wobei das Funktionsmodul über eine Datenverbindung mit dem weiteren Gerät verbunden ist und über diese die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte des weiteren Gerätes erhält.According to another particularly preferred embodiment of the distance protection arrangement, it is provided that the line impedance measuring device is implemented in the distance protection device and is formed by a function module of the distance protection device, the function module being connected to the further device via a data connection and via this the second voltage and current measurement values of receives additional device.
Gemäß einer wiederum anderen besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Distanzschutzanordnung ist vorgesehen, dass das Distanzschutzgerät über eine Datenverbindung mit dem weiteren Gerät verbunden ist und über diese die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte des weiteren Gerätes erhält und dass die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung in einer separaten, an das Distanzschutzgerät angeschlossenen Kontrolleinrichtung enthalten ist, die die ersten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte von dem Distanzschutzgerät unmittelbar und die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte von dem weiteren Gerät mittelbar erhält, nämlich über das Distanzschutzgerät.According to yet another particularly preferred embodiment of the distance protection arrangement is provided that the distance protection device connected via a data connection to the other device and receives the second voltage and current measurements of the other device and that the line impedance measuring device is contained in a separate, connected to the distance protection device control device, the first voltage and current measurements of the distance protection device directly and receives the second voltage and current measurements indirectly from the other device, namely on the distance protection device.
Die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung wird vorzugsweise durch ein Programmmodul gebildet, das geeignet ist, mit Zeitstempeln versehene Störschriebe zumindest zweier elektrischer Geräte, nämlich zumindest die Störschriebe des Distanzschutzgeräts und die Störschriebe des weiteren Geräts, zu verarbeiten. Ein solches Programmmodul kann beispielsweise in kommerziell erhältlicher Schutzsoftware, wie beispielsweise die Software SIGRA der Firma Siemens, implementiert sein.
Bei dem weiteren, mit dem Distanzschutzgerät synchronisierten Gerät kann es sich beispielsweise um ein zweites Distanzschutzgerät handeln.The line impedance measuring device is preferably formed by a program module which is suitable for processing timestamped fault records of at least two electrical devices, namely at least the fault records of the distance protection device and the fault records of the other device. Such a program module can be implemented, for example, in commercially available protection software, such as, for example, the SIGRA software from Siemens.
The further device synchronized with the distance protection device may be, for example, a second distance protection device.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich außerdem auf ein Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 10.The invention also relates to a method according to
Erfindungsgemäß ist bei einem solchen Verfahren vorgesehen, dass mit einem weiteren Gerät, das an dem anderen Ende der Energieübertragungsleitung angeschlossen ist, Spannung und Strom an dem anderen Ende unter Bildung von zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerten gemessen werden, unter Heranziehung der ersten und zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte die Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung berechnet und ein gemessener Leitungsimpedanzwert gebildet wird, und der gemessene Leitungsimpedanzwert bei der weiteren Überwachung der Energieübertragungsleitung berücksichtigt wird. Bezüglich der Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sei auf die obigen Ausführungen im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Distanzschutzanordnung verwiesen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens sind in Unteransprüchen angegeben.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, das mit dem jeweils vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert zumindest ein Auslösegebiet in der komplexen Impedanzebene gebildet wird und das Fehlersignal erzeugt wird, wenn zumindest eine mit den ersten Spannungs- und Strommesswerten gebildete Leiter-Erde-Impedanz oder eine mit den ersten Spannungs- und Strommesswerten gebildete Leiter-Leiter-Impedanz innerhalb des Auslösegebiets liegt.According to the invention, in such a method it is provided that, with another device connected to the other end of the power transmission line, voltage and current are measured at the other end to form second voltage and current readings, using the first and second voltage levels. and current readings, the line impedance of the power transmission line is calculated and a measured line impedance value is formed, and the measured line impedance value is taken into account in the further monitoring of the power transmission line. With regard to the advantages of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the above statements in connection with the inventive distance protection arrangement. Advantageous embodiments of the method are specified in subclaims.
According to a preferred embodiment of the method is provided that is formed with the respective predetermined line impedance value at least one tripping region in the complex impedance plane and the error signal is generated when at least one formed with the first voltage and current measurements conductor-earth impedance or one with the the first voltage and current measurements formed conductor-conductor impedance is within the tripping region.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert; dabei zeigen beispielhaft
Figur 1- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der eine Zentraleinrichtung mit einem Warnmodul ausgestattet ist,
2, 3Figuren - ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der eine Zentraleinrichtung mit einem Parametriermodul ausgestattet ist,
Figuren 4, 5- ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der eine Zentraleinrichtung sowohl mit einem Warnmodul als auch mit einem Parametriermodul ausgestattet ist,
Figuren 6, 7- ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der eine offline arbeitende Zentraleinrichtung vorhanden ist,
Figur 8- ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der zwei Distanzschutzgeräte jeweils mit einer Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung ausgestattet sind,
- Figur 9
- ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Distanzschutzanordnung, bei der eine Kontrolleinrichtung mit einer Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung ausgestattet ist und Spannungs- und Strommesswerte von einem Distanzschutzgerät unmittelbar und von einem anderen mittelbar erhält,
Figur 10- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Auslösegebiet mit MHO-Charakteristik,
- Figur 11
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein polygonales Auslösegebiet und
Figur 12- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Auslösegebiet mit einer Kreischarakteristik.
- FIG. 1
- a first embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which a central device is equipped with a warning module,
- FIGS. 2, 3
- A second embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which a central device is equipped with a parameterization module,
- FIGS. 4, 5
- A third embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which a central device is equipped both with a warning module and with a parameterization module,
- FIGS. 6, 7
- A fourth exemplary embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which an off-center device is present,
- FIG. 8
- A fifth embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which two distance protection devices are each equipped with a line impedance measuring device,
- FIG. 9
- a sixth embodiment of a distance protection arrangement according to the invention, in which a control device is equipped with a line impedance measuring device and indirectly receives voltage and current measured values from one distance protection device directly and from another indirectly,
- FIG. 10
- an embodiment for a trip area with MHO characteristic,
- FIG. 11
- an embodiment of a polygonal trip area and
- FIG. 12
- an embodiment of a trip area with a circular characteristic.
In den Figuren werden der Übersicht halber für identische oder vergleichbare Komponenten stets dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet.For the sake of clarity, the same reference numerals are always used in the figures for identical or comparable components.
In der
Mit den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 steht eine Synchronisiereinrichtung 70 in Verbindung, die die beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 zeitlich synchronisiert, so dass diese zeitsynchrone erste und zweite Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1, I1, U2, I2 erzeugen. Um diese Zeitsynchronisierung zu ermöglichen, sind die beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 jeweils mit entsprechenden Synchronisiereingängen 20s bzw. 60s ausgestattet. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der
Das erste Distanzschutzgerät 20 misst an dem einen Ende 30 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 die ersten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1 und I1 und bildet mit diesen Messwerten beispielsweise Leiter-Leiter-Impedanzen und Leiter-Erde-Impedanzen für die Phase-Phase-Schleifen und die Phase-Erde-Schleifen an dem einen Ende 30 der dreiphasigen Energieübertragungsleitung 40. Mit den so gebildeten Leiter-Leiter-Impedanzen bzw. Leiter-Erde-Impedanzen prüft das Distanzschutzgerät 20 nachfolgend, ob auf der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 ein Fehler aufgetreten ist. Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch geschehen, dass das Distanzschutzgerät prüft, ob die gebildeten Leiter-Erde-Impedanzen bzw. Leiter-Leiter-Impedanzen innerhalb oder außerhalb eines vorgegebenen Auslösegebiets AG liegen. Hierzu ist in dem Distanzschutzgerät 20 vorzugsweise für jede Phase-Phase-Schleife und für jede Phase-Erde-Schleife jeweils ein individuelles Auslösegebiet AG vorgegeben. Die Größe und/oder die Form der Auslösegebiete AG hängt unmittelbar oder mittelbar von dem Betrag und/oder der Phase eines in dem Distanzschutzgerät 20 vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwerts ZLtg ab. Der vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg gibt mittelbar oder unmittelbar die Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 an.The first
Stellt das erste Distanzschutzgerät 20 nun fest, dass eine oder mehrere der gemessenen Leiter-Leiter-Impedanzen oder eine oder mehrere der gemessenen Leiter-Erde-Impedanzen innerhalb des jeweils vorgegebenen Auslösegebiets AG liegen, so erzeugt es ein einen Fehler auf der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 angebendes Fehlersignal. Ein solches Fehlersignal kann beispielsweise in Form eines Auslösesignals ST1 erzeugt werden, mit dem ein Schalter 80 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 geöffnet und der Stromfluss unterbrochen wird.If the first
Das zweite Distanzschutzgerät 60 kann beispielsweise mit dem ersten Distanzschutzgerät 20 identisch sein und in vergleichbarer Weise das andere Ende 50 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 überwachen. So kann das zweite Distanzschutzgerät 60 beispielsweise die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U2 und I2 bilden und mit diesen unter Heranziehung entsprechend vorgegebener Auslösegebiete AG überprüfen, ob ein Fehler auf der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 aufgetreten ist oder nicht. Ist dies der Fall, so wird das zweite Distanzschutzgerät 60 in vergleichbarer Weise ein Auslösesignal ST2 als Fehlersignal erzeugen, mit dem ein Schalter 90 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 geöffnet und der Stromfluss unterbrochen wird.The second
Wie sich den obigen Ausführungen entnehmen lässt, ist für die richtige Erzeugung des Fehlersignals bzw. des Auslösesignals ST1 bzw. ST2 von Bedeutung, dass der für die Definition der Auslösegebiete AG herangezogene Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg in dem Distanzschutzgerät 20 bzw. 60 richtig vorgegeben ist. Gehen die Distanzschutzgeräte 20 bzw. 60 nämlich von falschen Leitungsimpedanzwerten ZLtg aus, so können bei dem Erzeugen der Auslösesignale ST1 bzw. ST2 erhebliche Auslösefehler auftreten.As can be seen from the above explanations, it is important for the correct generation of the error signal or of the triggering signal ST1 or ST2 that the line impedance value Z Ltg used for the definition of the tripping regions AG is correctly predefined in the
Um solche Auslösefehler zu vermeiden bzw. deren Risiko zu reduzieren, ist die Distanzschutzanordnung 10 gemäß der
Die Zentraleinrichtung 100 steht leitungsgebunden oder über Funk mit den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 in Verbindung und erhält von diesen die gemessenen ersten und zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1, I1, U2 und I2 und ermittelt mit diesen einen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' - nachfolgend als gemessener Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' bezeichnet-, der sich auf die Energieübertragungsleitung 40 bezieht und deren gemessene Leitungsimpedanz angibt.The
Die Funktion des Warnmoduls 120 besteht darin, den gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' mit den in den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwerten ZLtg zu vergleichen und ausgangsseitig ein Warnsignal SW zu erzeugen, wenn die Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' und dem vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg nach Betrag und/oder Phase zu hoch ist und einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet. Der Netzbetreiber der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 wird durch das Warnsignal SW somit davon informiert, dass die beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 falsch, zumindest nicht optimal, parametriert sind und somit womöglich nicht zuverlässig genug arbeiten werden: So kann es nämlich aufgrund des falsch oder ungenau vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes ZLtg dazu kommen, dass Auslösesignale ST1 bzw. ST2 im Falle eines Fehlers gar nicht oder, alternativ, ohne Anlass erzeugt werden. Der Netzbetreiber hat somit die Möglichkeit, bei Vorliegen des Warnsignals SW eine Neuparametrierung der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 zu veranlassen.The function of
Nachfolgend soll die Arbeitsweise der Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung 110 beispielhaft erläutert werden; dabei werden folgende Abkürzungen verwendet:
- Für die ersten Spannungsmesswerte U1 : UL1E, 1, UL2E,1, UL3E,1 als Leiter-Erde-Spannungen an dem ersten
Ende 30 der dreiphasigen Energieübertragungsleitung 40; - für die zweiten Spannungsmesswerte U2: UL1E, 2, UL2E,2, UL3E,2 als Leiter-Erde-Spannungen an dem anderen
Ende 50 der dreiphasigen Energieübertragungsleitung 40; - für die ersten Strommesswerte I1: IL1,1, IL2,1, IL3,1 als Phasenströme an dem ersten
Ende 30 der dreiphasigen Energieübertragungsleitung 40; - für die zweiten Strommesswerte I2 : IL1,2, IL2,2, IL3,2 als Phasenströme an dem zweiten
Ende 50 der dreiphasigen Energieübertragungsleitung 40.
- For the first voltage readings U1: UL1E, 1, UL2E, 1, UL3E, 1 as line-to-ground voltages at the
first end 30 of the three-phasepower transmission line 40; - for the second voltage readings U2: UL1E, 2, UL2E, 2, UL3E, 2 as line-to-ground voltages at the
other end 50 of the three-phasepower transmission line 40; - for the first current readings I1: IL1,1, IL2,1, IL3,1 as phase currents at the
first end 30 of the three-phasepower transmission line 40; - for the second current readings I2: IL1,2, IL2,2, IL3,2 as phase currents at the
second end 50 of the three-phasepower transmission line 40.
Liegt ein Lastfluß zwischen den beiden Enden 30 und 50 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 vor, so kann über den Spannungsabfall über der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 und dem Stromfluß in der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 die Leitungsimpedanz ZLtg' an dem einen Ende 30 bestimmt werden gemäß:
Entsprechendes gilt für die Messung an dem anderen Ende 50 der Energieübertragungsleitung 40.The same applies to the measurement at the
Bei der obigen Berechnung wurde beispielhaft davon ausgegangen, dass
- kein Fehlerzustand auf der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 vorliegt, dass also kein Auslösesignal ST1 oder ST2 erzeugt wird, und
- sich an
der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 kein Abzweig befindet.
- there is no error state on the
energy transmission line 40, that is, that no trigger signal ST1 or ST2 is generated, and - there is no branch on the
power transmission line 40.
Um Messfehler zu vermeiden, sollte eine Messung der Leitungsimpedanz vorzugsweise nur dann erfolgen, wenn zumindest eine der nachfolgenden Bedingungen, besonders bevorzugt alle der nachfolgenden Bedingungen, erfüllt sind:
- Die Phasenströme sind an
beiden Enden 30 und 50 näherungsweise gleich. - Die Phasenströme sind ausreichend groß und überschreiten einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert <Iph>.
- Der Spannungsabfall über der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 ist genügend groß und überschreitet einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert <Umin>.
- Der Nullstrom ist an
beiden Enden 30 und 50 näherungsweise gleich 0.
- The phase currents are approximately equal at both ends 30 and 50.
- The phase currents are sufficiently large and exceed a predetermined threshold value <Iph>.
- The voltage drop across the
power transmission line 40 is sufficiently large and exceeds a predetermined threshold <Umin>. - The zero current is approximately equal to 0 at both ends 30 and 50.
Die Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1, I1, U2, I2 können beispielsweise in Form von Zeigermessgrößen zu der Zentraleinrichtung 100 übertragen werden. Hierzu sind die beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 40 vorzugsweise mit Zeigermesseinheiten PMU ausgestattet, die eine Zeigerbildung nach dem Standard IEEE C37.118 durchführen können.The voltage and current measured values U1, I1, U2, I2 can be transmitted to the
In den
Um eine solche Parametrierung auszulösen, erzeugt das Parametriermodul 130 ausgangsseitig ein Parametriersignal SP, das sich inhaltlich auf den neu gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' bezieht und mit dem eine entsprechende Anpassung der Auslösegebiete AG innerhalb der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 hervorgerufen wird.In order to initiate such a parameterization, the
Die Übertragung der Spannungs- und Strommesswerte von den Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 zu der Zentraleinrichtung 100 sowie die Übertragung der Parametriersignale SP von der Zentraleinrichtung 100 zu den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 erfolgt vorzugsweise nach dem Standard IEEE 61850.The transmission of the voltage and current measured values from the
Handelt es sich bei dem Auslösegebiet AG beispielsweise um ein Auslösegebiet mit einer MHO-Charakteristik, wie sie beispielhaft in der
Der Parameter a kann beispielsweise 0,85 betragen.The parameter a can be, for example, 0.85.
Die in der
Bei polygonalen Auslösegebieten AG, wie sie beispielhaft in der
Der Winkel ϕLeitung der Leitungsgerade kann beispielsweise derart eingestellt werden, dass gilt:
Die übrigen in der
Bei einem Auslösegebiet AG mit Kreischarakteristik, wie es beispielhaft die
Die übrigen in der
Die oben beschriebene Anpassung der Auslösegebiete kann bei Leiter-Leiter-Schleifen und Leiter-Erde-Schleifen beispielsweise in identischer Weise vorgenommen werden. Alternativ können für Leiter-Leiter-Schleifen und Leiter-Erde-Schleifen auch unterschiedliche Arten der Neuparametrierung und unterschiedliche Arten der Anpassung der Auslösegebiete vorgesehen werden: In einem solchen Fall wird beispielsweise auch der gemessene Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' bei der Neuparametrierung der Auslösegebiete für Leiter-Leiter-Schleifen und Leiter-Erde-Schleifen in unterschiedlicher Weise berücksichtigt werden. Beispielsweise kann bei der Neuparametrierung der Auslösegebiete bei Leiter-Erde-Schleifen ausschließlich der Leitungswinkel ϕLeitung der Leitungsgerade eingestellt werden, beispielsweise wie folgt:
Vorzugsweise ist das Parametriermodul 130 derart ausgestaltet, dass es eine Neuparametrierung der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 nur dann vornimmt, wenn die Abweichung des gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes ZLtg' von den zuvor vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwerten ZLtg nach Betrag und/oder Phase einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet.Preferably, the
In den
Vorzugsweise sind das Warnmodul 120 und das Parametriermodul 130 bezüglich ihrer Arbeitsweise aufeinander abgestimmt. Beispielsweise ersetzt das Parametriermodul 130 den vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg durch den jeweils neu gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' nur dann (vgl.
Das Warnmodul 120 erzeugt ein Warnsignal SW vorzugsweise nur dann, wenn trotz der Interaktion des Parametriermoduls 130 und der Neuparametrierung der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 ein weiteres Ansteigen der Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' und dem jeweils zuvor vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg festzustellen ist und diese Abweichung einen vorgegebenen weiteren Schwellenwert, der vorzugsweise größer als der zuvor genannte Schwellenwert der Parametriereinrichtung ist, überschritten wird.The
In den
Zur Übertragung der ersten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1 und I1 wird die Zentraleinrichtung 100 beispielsweise zunächst an das erste Distanzschutzgerät 20 angeschlossen, um die in dem Distanzschutzgerät 20 aufgenommenen und abgespeicherten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1 und I1 abzufragen, wie dies die
Anschließend wird die Zentraleinrichtung 100 an das zweite Distanzschutzgerät 60 angeschlossen, um von diesem die zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U2 und I2 zu erhalten; dies zeigt beispielhaft die
Mit diesem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' kann die Zentraleinrichtung 100 anschließend ein Warnsignal erzeugen, wie dies oben im Zusammenhang mit der
Die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung 110, die zum Erzeugen des gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes ZLtg' eingesetzt wird, kann in der Zentraleinrichtung 100 beispielsweise durch ein Programmmodul gebildet sein, das geeignet ist, mit Zeitstempeln versehene Störschriebe der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 zum Zwecke der Bildung eines gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes ZLtg' - vorzugsweise in der oben beschriebenen Weise - zu verarbeiten.The line
In der
Aufgrund der Übertragung der Spannungs- und Strommesswerte über die Datenleitung 300 sind die beiden Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtungen 110 in den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 in der Lage, jeweils die Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 zu messen und einen gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' zu erzeugen.Due to the transmission of the voltage and current measured values via the
Sobald der entsprechende Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' vorliegt, kann das Warnmodul 120 ein entsprechendes Warnsignal erzeugen, wie dies bereits oben im Zusammenhang mit der
Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann das Parametriermodul 130 automatisch oder auf eine entsprechende Eingabe des Betreibers der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 hin eine Neuparametrierung des jeweiligen Distanzschutzgerätes 20 bzw. 60 hervorrufen, indem es unter Heranziehung des neu gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwertes ZLtg' ein angepasstes Auslösegebiet bzw. angepasste Auslösegebiete bildet, damit eine Erzeugung der Auslösesignale ST1 bzw. ST2 auf der Basis der gemessenen aktuellen Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 erfolgen kann.Additionally or alternatively, the parameter setting module may cause a new parameterization of the respective
In der
Nachdem die ersten und zweiten Spannungs- und Strommesswerte U1, I1, U2, I2 zu der Kontrolleinrichtung 400 gelangt sind, kann die Leitungsimpedanzmesseinrichtung 110 die aktuelle Leitungsimpedanz der Energieübertragungsleitung 40 bestimmen und einen entsprechenden gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' bestimmen.After the first and second voltage and current measured values U1, I1, U2, I2 have come to the
Das Warnmodul 120 hat somit Gelegenheit, ein entsprechendes Warnsignal zu erzeugen, wenn der gemessene Leitungsimpedanzwert nach Betrag oder Phase zu sehr von dem in den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 vorgegebenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg abweicht.The
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann das Parametriermodul 130 eine Neuparametrierung der beiden Distanzschutzgeräte 20 und 60 auslösen, wenn die Abweichung zwischen dem gemessenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg' und dem in den beiden Distanzschutzgeräten 20 und 60 vorhandenen Leitungsimpedanzwert ZLtg zu groß ist. Eine solche Neuparametrierung zeigt die
Claims (13)
- Distance protection arrangement (10) for monitoring an electrical power transmission line (40),- comprising a distance protection apparatus (20), which is connected to one end (30) of the power transmission line and is suitable for measuring voltage and current at said one end to form first voltage and current measurement values (U1, I1)- wherein the distance protection apparatus is additionally suitable, with the first voltage and current measurement values with the use of a predefined line impedance value (ZLtg) relating to the line impedance of the power transmission line according to magnitude and/or phase, for monitoring the electrical power transmission line for a fault and, if appropriate, for generating a fault signal (ST1) indicating the fault on the power transmission line, and wherein- the distance protection arrangement comprises a further apparatus (60), which is connected to the other end (50) of the power transmission line and is suitable for measuring voltage and current at the other end to form second voltage and current measurement values (U2, I2),characterized in that- the distance protection arrangement comprises a line impedance measuring device (110), which is suitable, with the use of the first and second voltage and current measurement values, for calculating the line impedance of the power transmission line and for providing a measured line impedance value (ZLtg'), and- the distance protection arrangement is suitable for taking account of said measured line impedance value during the further monitoring of the power transmission line, wherein- the distance protection arrangement comprises a parameterizing module (130) which is suitable for replacing the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection apparatus by the measured line impedance value and for parameterizing the measured line impedance value as new predefined line impedance value in the distance protection apparatus, wherein the parameterizing module is configured in such a way that- it replaces the predefined line impedance value of the distance protection apparatus by the measured line impedance value only if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predefined line impedance value exceeds a predefined threshold value according to magnitude and/or phase, and- the distance protection apparatus is suitable, after a parameterization by the parameterizing module for generating the fault signal with the use of the new predefined line impedance value.
- Distance protection arrangement according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the distance protection apparatus and the further apparatus are synchronized in such a way that the first and the second voltage and current measurement values are measured time-synchronously. - Distance protection arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the distance protection arrangement comprises a warning module, which is suitable for generating a warning signal if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predefined line impedance value exceeds a predefined further threshold value according to magnitude and/or phase. - Distance protection arrangement according to Claim 3,
characterized in that
the initial threshold value is dimensioned to be smaller than the further threshold value. - Distance protection arrangement according to any of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the line impedance measuring device (110) belongs to a central device (100) which is separate from the distance protection apparatus and the further apparatus and into which the first and second voltage and current measurement values are fed. - Distance protection arrangement according to any of the preceding Claims 1-4,
characterized in that- the line impedance measuring device is implemented in the distance protection apparatus and is formed by a function module of the distance protection apparatus, wherein- the function module is connected to the further apparatus via a data connection (300) and, via the latter, obtains the second voltage and current measurement values of the further apparatus. - Distance protection arrangement according to any of the preceding Claims 1-4,
characterized- in that the distance protection apparatus is connected to the further apparatus via a data connection and, via the latter, obtains the second voltage and current measurement values of the further apparatus, and- in that the line impedance measuring device is contained in a separate control device (400) which is connected to the distance protection apparatus and which obtains the first voltage and current measurement values from the distance protection apparatus directly and the second voltage and current measurement values from the further apparatus indirectly, namely via the distance protection apparatus. - Distance protection arrangement according to any of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the line impedance measuring device is formed by a program module suitable for processing disturbance records of at least two electrical apparatuses, said disturbance records being provided with time stamps, namely at least the disturbance records of the distance protection apparatus and the disturbance records of the further apparatus. - Distance protection arrangement according to any of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the further apparatus is formed by a second distance protection apparatus. - Method for operating a distance protection arrangement (10) and for monitoring an electrical power transmission line (40), wherein in the method- by means of a distance protection apparatus (20) connected to one end (30) of the power transmission line, voltage and current at said one end are measured to form first voltage and current measurement values (U1, I1)- by means of the distance protection apparatus, with the use of the first voltage and current measurement values and a predefined line impedance value (ZLtg) relating to the line impedance of the power transmission line according to the magnitude and/or phase, the power transmission line is monitored and a fault signal is generated in the case of a fault on the power transmission line, and- by means of a further apparatus (60) connected to the other end (50) of the power transmission line, voltage and current at the other end are measured to form second voltage and current measurement values (U2, I2),characterized in that- with the use of the first and second voltage and current measurement values, the line impedance of the power transmission line is calculated and a measured line impedance value (ZLtg') is formed, and- the measured line impedance value is taken into account during the further monitoring of the power transmission line by virtue of the fact that- the distance protection apparatus, after the formation of a calculated line impedance value, is in each case automatically parameterized anew by the previously predefined line impedance value of the distance protection apparatus being replaced and the newly measured line impedance value being used further as new predefined line impedance value, wherein- the newly measured line impedance value is compared with the previously predefined line impedance value and- the previous predefined line impedance value is replaced by the newly measured line impedance value only- if the deviation between the newly measured line impedance value and the previously predefined line impedance value exceeds a predefined threshold value according to magnitude and/or phase, and- that the new predefined line impedance value is in each case taken into account after each new parameterization during the further monitoring of the power transmission line.
- Method according to Claim 10,
characterized in that- the first and the second voltage and current measurement values are formed time-synchronously, and- the line impedance is calculated with the use of the time-synchronous first and second voltage and current measurement values. - Method according to Claim 10 or 11,
characterized in that
the measured line impedance value is taken into account by- the measured line impedance value being compared with the predefined line impedance value and a warning signal - which warns of a triggering fault of the distance protection arrangement - is generated if the deviation between the measured line impedance value and the predefined line impedance value exceeds a predefined threshold value according to magnitude and/or phase. - Method according to any of the preceding Claims 10-12,
characterized in that
with the use of the respectively predefined line impedance value, at least one triggering region is formed in the complex impedance plane and the fault signal is generated if at least one conductor-earth or conductor-conductor impedance formed with the first voltage and current measurement values lies within the triggering region.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2008/000880 WO2009095040A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2008-01-31 | Distance protection and method for monitoring an electrical power transmission line |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2238664A1 EP2238664A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
EP2238664B1 true EP2238664B1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP08707551.1A Active EP2238664B1 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2008-01-31 | Distance protection and method for monitoring an electrical power transmission line |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP2238664B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009095040A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2011060578A1 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-26 | Abb Research Ltd. | Method and apparatus for ground distance protection |
US10074969B2 (en) | 2015-03-30 | 2018-09-11 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Travelling wave protection of a transmission line |
AT520806B1 (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2021-02-15 | Sprecher Automation Gmbh | Procedure for triggering a distance protection relay monitoring a zone |
CN113363949B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-11 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Distance protection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
CN116961005B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2024-04-30 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Voltage regulating method, device and equipment for power-on terminal of base station |
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DE19920654A1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-09 | Abb Research Ltd | Determining conductor impedance threshold involves automatically deriving threshold value from predefined threshold value depending on determined degree of dependability of current value |
EP1416603B1 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2015-01-21 | ABB Research Ltd. | Protection of an electric power transmission network |
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2008
- 2008-01-31 WO PCT/EP2008/000880 patent/WO2009095040A1/en active Application Filing
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