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EP2230092A2 - Book binding machine and method for operating same - Google Patents

Book binding machine and method for operating same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2230092A2
EP2230092A2 EP10154731A EP10154731A EP2230092A2 EP 2230092 A2 EP2230092 A2 EP 2230092A2 EP 10154731 A EP10154731 A EP 10154731A EP 10154731 A EP10154731 A EP 10154731A EP 2230092 A2 EP2230092 A2 EP 2230092A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
book block
book
defective
missing
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10154731A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2230092B1 (en
EP2230092A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Adler
Frank Sommerer
Andreas Steinert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mueller Martini Holding AG
Original Assignee
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Publication of EP2230092A2 publication Critical patent/EP2230092A2/en
Publication of EP2230092A3 publication Critical patent/EP2230092A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2230092B1 publication Critical patent/EP2230092B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42C—BOOKBINDING
    • B42C19/00—Multi-step processes for making books
    • B42C19/08—Conveying between operating stations in machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42C—BOOKBINDING
    • B42C1/00—Collating or gathering sheets combined with processes for permanently attaching together sheets or signatures or for interposing inserts
    • B42C1/12—Machines for both collating or gathering and permanently attaching together the sheets or signatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42C—BOOKBINDING
    • B42C9/00—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding
    • B42C9/0006—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding by applying adhesive to a stack of sheets
    • B42C9/0012—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding by applying adhesive to a stack of sheets with a roller
    • B42C9/0031—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding by applying adhesive to a stack of sheets with a roller with continuous flow of stacks of sheets
    • B42C9/0037—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding by applying adhesive to a stack of sheets with a roller with continuous flow of stacks of sheets and subsequently applying a cover
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S412/00—Bookbinding: process and apparatus
    • Y10S412/901—Pressure sensitive adhesive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S412/00—Bookbinding: process and apparatus
    • Y10S412/902—Heating and pressing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a book binding machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a book binding machine according to claim 8.
  • Books are made according to the state of the art in bookbinding machines. Such consists of a plurality of successively arranged and chained together by a book conveyor machines: machines for collating book blocks, for bookbinding, machines for drying and / or cooling, for side trimming and for stacking the finished books.
  • Collating machines serve to collate book blocks from a plurality of signatures and comprise two essential elements: a device for transporting the collected sheets, a so-called block collector, and a plurality of investors.
  • the block collector may for example have a collecting channel with the collected sheets pushing drivers.
  • the block collector may have rotating transport compartments on a conveyor.
  • the feeders can be designed as feeders with gripper tongs or feeders with gripper drum.
  • the DE 1216 837 shows such a collator with in a row juxtaposed investors with rapier and with an endless conveyor provided with carriers.
  • the gathering machine has both a book block display and a transfer device for transferring the book block to a subsequent further processing machine, such as an adhesive binder.
  • Another gathering machine is in the EP 1 873 103 A1 disclosed.
  • This has a conveying device with a circulating traction means with a plurality of Receiving points.
  • investors are arranged, which store signatures in the receiving points.
  • An existing sensor checks if the pickup points are defective or functional. In the case of a defect, the investors are controlled by a machine control so that no signatures are filed in the defective receiving location.
  • Perfect binders used for the production of adhesive booklets or book blocks for hard covers, wherein the folded sheets and / or single sheets are combined to form a book block by applying an adhesive or glue on the previously processed block spine.
  • glue and adhesive are used synonymously below.
  • the possible binding methods and the product variants depend on the machine equipment. This consists essentially of the functional units book block transport system, book block insertion station, back processing, back gluing, intermediate drying, side gluing, back reinforcement, put on envelope and press on, press envelope and dry.
  • the DE 20 2005 007 012 U1 shows such a perfect binder.
  • This comprises a book block transport system consisting of around deflection wheels running conveyors and a plurality of in a same spaced apart therefrom attached thereto brackets for clamping sheet stacks.
  • the staples transport the stacks of sheets and glued book blocks through the various processing stations.
  • a disadvantage of prior art bookbinding machines is that in the case of a defective book block clip of the perfect binder, the book binding machine must be stopped to replace the defective clip, if a replacement clip is present, or otherwise to repair the clip. During this time, the bookbinding machine can not be operated, which significantly reduces their productivity and which is particularly problematic in time-critical production jobs. Furthermore, the provision of spare brackets represents an unloved capital commitment. Furthermore, in the event of a necessary exchange of brackets, sufficiently qualified specialist personnel must be present.
  • Another problem is that the quality of already located in the perfect binder book block is significantly reduced by stopping the bookbinding machine, that is, the interrupted machining process. Thus, during this time, the adhesive can partially set and a later attached envelope no longer adheres properly. If necessary. the book blocks must even be sorted out as scrap.
  • Object of the present task is therefore to provide a bookbinding machine, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular in the event of a defect of a book block clamp can still be operated. Also, a method for operating such a bookbinding machine will be described.
  • the invention relates to a book binding machine with a collating machine for collating book blocks, wherein the collating machine has a collecting device with a plurality of transport segments.
  • the bookbinding machine further includes an adhesive binder for processing the book blocks, for producing adhesive bound books, the binder having a book block transport system with a plurality of book block brackets for transporting the book blocks through processing stations of the adhesive binder.
  • the processing stations can be spine processing, adhesive application, folding and Umschlaganlegestation.
  • Another element of the bookbinding machine is a transfer device arranged between the collating machine and the adhesive binder for transferring the collated book blocks from the collecting device of the collating machine to the book block transport system of the perfect binder.
  • the gathering machine and the perfect binder are driven according to the invention by a common control device.
  • a transport segment of the collecting device of the collating machine is assigned to each respective book block clamp of the perfect binder by means of this control device.
  • the control device has a machine program which controls the gathering machine when detecting a defective or missing book block clamp so that no book block is collected for this defective or missing book block clamp.
  • the adhesive binder has at least one sensor for detecting the position of a respective book block clamp.
  • the position of a respective book block clip can also be stored in the control device.
  • the book block brackets of the adhesive binder are numbered. This makes it easier to assign the control device of a particular book block clip in each case a transport segment of the gathering machine. It can also be provided that the machine operator mark individual book block brackets as defective by means of an interface of the control device by entering numbers, and thereby supply the control device with information for an adapted mode of operation of the bookbinding machine.
  • a respective book block clamp may also have an identification element, which may be designed, for example, as an RFID tag or as a bar code. Such an identification element, which is preferred attached to the back of the clip can then be read by a sensor which simultaneously detects the position of a respective book block clip.
  • the perfect binder of the bookbinding machine has a detection device for detecting defective or for detecting the absence of a book block clip.
  • the detection device can be formed by one or more sensors, in particular optical sensors, or by a digital camera.
  • a camera may serve to perform an image comparison to compare the actual state of a book block clip with a target state stored in a data memory of the machine control.
  • its control device has a machine program which, upon detecting a defective or missing book block clamp, controls the envelope applicator station of the perfect binder in such a way that no cover is provided for the missing or defective book block clip.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a bookbinding machine as described above.
  • the book block staples of the perfect binder are monitored and if a defective or missing book block staple is detected, the gathering machine is driven so that no book block is carried together for this defective or missing book block staple.
  • the monitoring of the book block brackets by the machine operator can be done, which inputs the information about defective or missing book block brackets in the control device of the bookbinding machine.
  • the monitoring of the book block brackets can be performed by a detection device, such as a camera or at least one sensor, wherein the information about defective or missing book block brackets are reported by the detection device to the control device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a bookbinding machine 100 with a collator 110, a transfer device 120, an adhesive binder 130 and a cooling line with Be4.000station 140 (not shown).
  • individual signatures are deposited by investors in transport segments T11, T12, T13, T14 of a collection device 111, and thus book blocks B11, B12, B13 are collected. The investors are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • Book block B are moved by the collating machine 110 in the transport direction vG and fed to the perfect binder 130 via a transfer device 120 in the transport direction.
  • the book blocks B are transported in the transport direction vB by the adhesive binder 130.
  • the book blocks B are transported to a first processing station, a back processing station 132.
  • the spine processing station 132 may have a plurality of processing tools, not shown.
  • the book block B processed at its back is further transported to a glue application station 133 and provided there with adhesive by a back gluing unit in the region of its back and by a side gluing unit in the area near the back.
  • envelopes U are supplied in a feed direction vU, applied to the book blocks B, pressed and so connected to each other. Subsequently, the book blocks B with adhered envelope U are further transported by a separate transport system through a cooling section and the three-side trimming 140. There, the three-side trim of the book block B, where the finished book is created.
  • the perfect binder 130 has a position sensor 135, which is designed as an optical sensor. This serves to determine the positions of the book block brackets K exactly. In the presentation of Fig. 1 the position of the book block clamp K15 was last recorded. Also, an identification feature of the book block brackets K can be read by the sensor 136. In the snapshot of Fig. 1 can be done by means of the sensor 135 no position detection, since the book block K14 is missing. Next, the perfect binder 130 has a detection camera 136 for checking the presence and the condition of book block brackets K. In the snapshot of Fig.1 it is determined by the detection camera 136 that the book block clamp K14 is not present.
  • the gathering machine 110 As indicated by the dashed, broken lines, the gathering machine 110, the envelope applying station 134, the position sensor 135 and the detection camera 136 are connected to a common control device 150.
  • the gathering machine 110 (and thus also its investors) as well as the handling docking station 134 can be controlled by the control device 150.
  • Other elements and devices of the bookbinding machine 100 may also be connected to this control device 150.
  • a stored in the controller 150 machine program causes a control of the collator 110 such that for this book block clamp Ki no book block Bi is compiled and causes a control of Umzzianlegestation 134 such that no envelope Ui is provided for the book block clip Ki.
  • the snapshot of Fig. 1 shows that for the missing book block clip K14 by the collating machine 110 no book block B14 is collected.
  • the associated transport segment T14 of the collector 111 remains empty and unused.
  • no book block B16 was likewise provided by the collating machine 110. At the position of the book block clamp K16 thus moves a gap through the perfect binder 130.
  • no envelope U5 is provided by the envelope feeder 134.

Landscapes

  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
  • Collation Of Sheets And Webs (AREA)

Abstract

A collation apparatus (111) has conveyance segments (T11-T14) for collating the inner book matters (B11-B15). A perfect binding machine (130) has book conveyance system (131) for conveying the book to process stations (132-134). A delivering apparatus (120) transfers collated book from collation apparatus to book conveyance system. A control apparatus (150) controls the collation machine (110) and binding machine. The control apparatus allocates the conveyance segment of collation apparatus to inner book clamps (K1-K16).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Buchbindemaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Buchbindemaschine gemäß Anspruch 8.The invention relates to a book binding machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a book binding machine according to claim 8.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bücher werden nach dem Stand der Technik in Buchbindemaschinen hergestellt. Eine solche besteht aus einer Mehrzahl von hintereinander angeordneten und über ein Buchfördermittel miteinander verketteten Maschinen: Maschinen zum Zusammentragen von Buchblocks, zum Buchbinden, Maschinen zum Trocknen und/oder Kühlen, zum Seitenbeschneiden und zum Abstapeln der fertigen Bücher.Books are made according to the state of the art in bookbinding machines. Such consists of a plurality of successively arranged and chained together by a book conveyor machines: machines for collating book blocks, for bookbinding, machines for drying and / or cooling, for side trimming and for stacking the finished books.

Zusammentragmaschinen dienen dem zusammentragen von Buchblocks aus einer Vielzahl von Falzbögen und umfassen zwei wesentliche Elemente: eine Einrichtung zum Transport der gesammelten Bögen, einen sogenannten Blocksammler, und eine Mehrzahl von Anlegern. Der Blocksammler kann beispielsweise einen Sammelkanal mit die gesammelten Bögen schiebenden Mitnehmern besitzen. Alternativ kann der Blocksammler an einem Fördermittel umlaufende Transportfächer besitzen. Die Anleger können als Anleger mit Greiferzange oder Anleger mit Greifertrommel ausgeführt sein.Collating machines serve to collate book blocks from a plurality of signatures and comprise two essential elements: a device for transporting the collected sheets, a so-called block collector, and a plurality of investors. The block collector may for example have a collecting channel with the collected sheets pushing drivers. Alternatively, the block collector may have rotating transport compartments on a conveyor. The feeders can be designed as feeders with gripper tongs or feeders with gripper drum.

Die DE 1216 837 zeigt eine derartige Zusammentragmaschine mit in einer Reihe nebeneinander angeordneten Anlegern mit Greiferzange und mit einer endlosen mit Mitnehmern versehenen Fördereinrichtung. Die Zusammentragmaschine besitzt sowohl eine Buchblockauslage als auch eine Überführeinrichtung zum Überführen der Buchblocks an eine nachfolgende Weiterverarbeitungsmaschine, wie z.B. einen Klebebinder.The DE 1216 837 shows such a collator with in a row juxtaposed investors with rapier and with an endless conveyor provided with carriers. The gathering machine has both a book block display and a transfer device for transferring the book block to a subsequent further processing machine, such as an adhesive binder.

Eine andere Zusammentragmaschine ist in der EP 1 873 103 A1 offenbart. Diese besitzt eine Fördervorrichtung mit einem umlaufenden Zugmittel mit einer Mehrzahl von Aufnahmestellen. Entlang der Fördervorrichtung sind Anleger angeordnet, welche Signaturen in die Aufnahmestellen ablegen. Ein vorhandener Sensor überprüft, ob die Aufnahmestellen defekt oder funktionsfähig sind. Im Falle eines Defekts werden die Anleger durch eine Maschinensteuerung so angesteuert, dass in die defekte Aufnahmestelle keine Signaturen abgelegt werden.Another gathering machine is in the EP 1 873 103 A1 disclosed. This has a conveying device with a circulating traction means with a plurality of Receiving points. Along the conveyor investors are arranged, which store signatures in the receiving points. An existing sensor checks if the pickup points are defective or functional. In the case of a defect, the investors are controlled by a machine control so that no signatures are filed in the defective receiving location.

Klebebinder, dienen der Herstellung von klebegebundenen Broschuren oder Buchblocks für Festeinbände, wobei die zu einem Buchblock zusammengetragenen Falzbogen und / oder Einzelblätter durch Auftragen eines Klebstoffs bzw. Leims auf den zuvor bearbeiteten Blockrücken verbunden werden. Die Begriffe Leim und Klebstoff werden nachfolgend synonym verwendet. Die möglichen Bindeverfahren und die Produktvarianten sind von der Maschinenausrüstung abhängig. Diese besteht im Wesentlichen aus den Funktionseinheiten Buchblocktransportsystem, Buchblockeinführstation, Rückenbearbeitung, Rückenbeleimen, Zwischentrocknung, Seitenbeleimen, Rückenverstärkung, Umschlag anlegen und andrücken, Umschlag anpressen und trocknen.Perfect binders, used for the production of adhesive booklets or book blocks for hard covers, wherein the folded sheets and / or single sheets are combined to form a book block by applying an adhesive or glue on the previously processed block spine. The terms glue and adhesive are used synonymously below. The possible binding methods and the product variants depend on the machine equipment. This consists essentially of the functional units book block transport system, book block insertion station, back processing, back gluing, intermediate drying, side gluing, back reinforcement, put on envelope and press on, press envelope and dry.

Die DE 20 2005 007 012 U1 zeigt einen derartigen Klebebinder. Dieser weist ein Buchblocktransportsystem bestehend aus um Umlenkräder laufenden Fördermitteln und einer Vielzahl von in einem gleichen in gegenseitigen Abstand zueinander daran befestigten Klammern zum Einspannen von Blattstapeln. Die Klammern transportieren die Blattstapel und verleimten Buchblocks durch die verschiedenen Bearbeitungsstationen.The DE 20 2005 007 012 U1 shows such a perfect binder. This comprises a book block transport system consisting of around deflection wheels running conveyors and a plurality of in a same spaced apart therefrom attached thereto brackets for clamping sheet stacks. The staples transport the stacks of sheets and glued book blocks through the various processing stations.

Nachteilig an Buchbindemaschinen nach dem Stand der Technik ist, dass im Fall einer defekten Buchblockklammer des Klebebinders die Buchbindemaschine angehalten werden muss, um die defekte Klammer auszutauschen, sofern eine Ersatzklammer vorhanden ist, oder andernfalls die Klammer zu reparieren. Während dieser Zeit kann die Buchbindemaschine nicht betrieben werden, was deren Produktivität erheblich reduziert und was bei zeitkritischen Produktionsaufträgen besonders problematisch ist.
Auch stellt das Bereithalten von Ersatzklammern eine ungeliebte Kapitalbindung dar. Weiter muss im Falle eines notwenigen Klammertausches das ausreichend qualifizierte Fachpersonal anwesend sein.A disadvantage of prior art bookbinding machines is that in the case of a defective book block clip of the perfect binder, the book binding machine must be stopped to replace the defective clip, if a replacement clip is present, or otherwise to repair the clip. During this time, the bookbinding machine can not be operated, which significantly reduces their productivity and which is particularly problematic in time-critical production jobs.
Furthermore, the provision of spare brackets represents an unloved capital commitment. Furthermore, in the event of a necessary exchange of brackets, sufficiently qualified specialist personnel must be present.

Weiter problematisch ist, dass die Qualität von sich bereits im Klebebinder befindlichen Buchblocks durch das Anhalten der Buchbindemaschine, sprich den unterbrochenen Bearbeitungsprozess, erheblich reduziert wird. So kann in dieser Zeit der Klebstoff teilweise abbinden und ein später angebrachter Umschlag haftet nicht mehr richtig. Ggfs. müssen die Buchblocks gar als Ausschuss aussortiert werden.Another problem is that the quality of already located in the perfect binder book block is significantly reduced by stopping the bookbinding machine, that is, the interrupted machining process. Thus, during this time, the adhesive can partially set and a later attached envelope no longer adheres properly. If necessary. the book blocks must even be sorted out as scrap.

Aufgabenstellungtask

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Aufgabe ist es daher, eine Buchbindemaschine zu schaffen, welche die Nachteile des Standes der Technik behebt und insbesondere im Falle eines Defekts einer Buchblockklammer trotzdem betrieben werden kann. Auch soll ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Buchbindemaschine beschrieben werden.Object of the present task is therefore to provide a bookbinding machine, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular in the event of a defect of a book block clamp can still be operated. Also, a method for operating such a bookbinding machine will be described.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Buchbindemaschine mit einer Zusammentragmaschine zum Zusammentragen von Buchblocks, wobei die Zusammentragmaschine eine Sammeleinrichtung mit einer Mehrzahl von Transportsegmenten besitzt. Die Buchbindemaschine umfasst weiter einen Klebebinder zum Bearbeiten der Buchblocks, zur Herstellung von klebegebundenen Broschuren bzw. Büchern, wobei der Klebebinder ein Buchblocktransportsystem mit einer Mehrzahl von Buchblockklammern aufweist zum Transport der Buchblocks durch Bearbeitungsstationen des Klebebinders. Die Bearbeitungsstationen können Rückenbearbeitungs-, Klebstoffauftrags-, Fälzel- und Umschlaganlegestation sein. Weiteres Element der Buchbindemaschine ist eine zwischen Zusammentragmaschine und Klebebinder angeordnete Übergabeeinrichtung zum Übergeben der zusammengetragenen Buchblocks von der Sammeleinrichtung der Zusammentragmaschine an das Buchblocktransportsystem des Klebebinders. Die Zusammentragmaschine und der Klebebinder werden dabei erfindungsgemäß von einer gemeinsamen Steuereinrichtung angesteuert. In vorteilhafter Weise ist durch diese Steuereinrichtung der jeweiligen Buchblockklammer des Klebebinders je ein Transportsegment der Sammeleinrichtung der Zusammentragmaschine zugeordnet. Durch diese Zuordnung eines Transportsegments zu einer Buchblockklammer kann in vorteilhafter Weise bei einer fehlenden oder defekten Buchblockklammer das Zusammentragen von Buchblocks bereits in der Zusammentragmaschine angepasst werden ohne, dass dabei die Buchbindemaschine angehalten werden müsste.The invention relates to a book binding machine with a collating machine for collating book blocks, wherein the collating machine has a collecting device with a plurality of transport segments. The bookbinding machine further includes an adhesive binder for processing the book blocks, for producing adhesive bound books, the binder having a book block transport system with a plurality of book block brackets for transporting the book blocks through processing stations of the adhesive binder. The processing stations can be spine processing, adhesive application, folding and Umschlaganlegestation. Another element of the bookbinding machine is a transfer device arranged between the collating machine and the adhesive binder for transferring the collated book blocks from the collecting device of the collating machine to the book block transport system of the perfect binder. The gathering machine and the perfect binder are driven according to the invention by a common control device. In an advantageous manner, a transport segment of the collecting device of the collating machine is assigned to each respective book block clamp of the perfect binder by means of this control device. Through this assignment of a transport segment to a book block clip can advantageously in a missing or defective book block clip the Collecting book blocks are already adjusted in the collator without the bookbinding machine having to be stopped.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Buchbindemaschine weist die Steuereinrichtung ein Maschinenprogramm auf, welches beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer die Zusammentragmaschine so ansteuert, dass für diese defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammer kein Buchblock zusammengetragen wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass ein Auftrag trotz defekter Klammer zu Ende gebracht werden kann und der Klebebinder bzw. die Buchbindemaschine nicht angehalten werden muss. Alternativ ist es möglich, die Buchbindemaschine kurz anzuhalten, die defekte Klammer zu entnehmen und die Buchbindemaschine mit dem Klebebinder ohne die defekte Klammer weiter zu betreiben. Die Position der defekten und entnommenen Klammer innerhalb des Buchblocktransportsystems bleibt dann leer. Dies ermöglicht in vorteilhafter Weise, dass die defekte Klammer ohne Zeitdruck außerhalb des Klebebinders repariert werden kann.In a particularly advantageous development of the bookbinding machine according to the invention, the control device has a machine program which controls the gathering machine when detecting a defective or missing book block clamp so that no book block is collected for this defective or missing book block clamp. This has the advantage that a job can be brought to an end despite the broken clip and the perfect binder or bookbinding machine does not have to be stopped. Alternatively, it is possible to briefly stop the bookbinding machine, remove the defective clip and continue to operate the bookbinding machine with the perfect binder without the defective clip. The position of the broken and removed parenthesis within the book block transport system then remains empty. This advantageously allows the defective clip to be repaired without time pressure outside of the perfect binder.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Buchbindemaschine weist der Klebebinder mindestens einen Sensor auf zum Erfassen der Position einer jeweiligen Buchblockklammer. Alternativ kann die Position einer jeweiligen Buchblockklammer auch in der Steuereinrichtung hinterlegt sein.In an advantageous development of the bookbinding machine according to the invention, the adhesive binder has at least one sensor for detecting the position of a respective book block clamp. Alternatively, the position of a respective book block clip can also be stored in the control device.

In einer besonders vorteilhaften und daher bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Buchbindemaschine sind die Buchblockklammern des Klebebinders nummeriert. Dies erleichtert es, der Steuereinrichtung einer bestimmten Buchblockklammer jeweils ein Transportsegment der Zusammentragmaschine zuzuordnen. Auch kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Maschinenbediener mittels eines Interfaces der Steuereinrichtung durch Nummerneingabe einzelne Buchblockklammern als defekt markieren und dadurch der Steuereinrichtung Informationen für eine angepasste Betriebsweise der Buchbindemaschine liefern kann. In einer alternativen Ausführungsvariante kann eine jeweilige Buchblockklammer auch ein Identifikationselement aufweisen, welches beispielsweise als RFID-Tag oder als Strichcode ausgebildet sein kann. Ein solches Identifikationselement, welches bevorzugt an der Rückseite der Klammer angebracht ist, kann dann von einem Sensor ausgelesen werden, der gleichzeitig die Position einer jeweiligen Buchblockklammer erfasst.In a particularly advantageous and therefore preferred development of the bookbinding machine according to the invention, the book block brackets of the adhesive binder are numbered. This makes it easier to assign the control device of a particular book block clip in each case a transport segment of the gathering machine. It can also be provided that the machine operator mark individual book block brackets as defective by means of an interface of the control device by entering numbers, and thereby supply the control device with information for an adapted mode of operation of the bookbinding machine. In an alternative embodiment variant, a respective book block clamp may also have an identification element, which may be designed, for example, as an RFID tag or as a bar code. Such an identification element, which is preferred attached to the back of the clip can then be read by a sensor which simultaneously detects the position of a respective book block clip.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung besitzt der Klebebinder der erfindungsgemäßen Buchbindemaschine eine Detektionseinrichtung zum Detektieren von defekten oder zum Detektieren des Fehlens einer Buchblockklammer. Die Detektionseinrichtung kann dabei durch einen oder mehrere Sensoren, insbesondere optische Sensoren, oder durch eine Digitalkamera ausgebildet sein. Eine Kamera kann dazu dienen, dass ein Bildvergleich durchgeführt wird, um den Istzustand einer Buchblockklammer mit einem, in einem Datenspeicher der Maschinensteuerung hinterlegten Sollzustand zu vergleichen.In an advantageous development of the perfect binder of the bookbinding machine according to the invention has a detection device for detecting defective or for detecting the absence of a book block clip. The detection device can be formed by one or more sensors, in particular optical sensors, or by a digital camera. A camera may serve to perform an image comparison to compare the actual state of a book block clip with a target state stored in a data memory of the machine control.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Buchbindemaschine weist deren Steuereinrichtung ein Maschinenprogramm auf, welches beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer die Umschlaganlegestation des Klebebinders so ansteuert, dass für die fehlende bzw. defekte Buchblockklammer kein Umschlag bereitgestellt wird.In an advantageous development of the bookbinding machine according to the invention, its control device has a machine program which, upon detecting a defective or missing book block clamp, controls the envelope applicator station of the perfect binder in such a way that no cover is provided for the missing or defective book block clip.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer wie oben beschriebenen Buchbindemaschine. Dabei werden die Buchblockklammern des Klebebinders überwacht, und wenn eine defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammer detektiert wird, so wird die Zusammentragmaschine so angesteuert, dass für diese defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammer kein Buchblock zusammen getragen wird. In einer ersten Ausführungsvariante kann die Überwachung der Buchblockklammern durch den Maschinenbediener erfolgen, welcher die Informationen über defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammern in die Steuereinrichtung der Buchbindemaschine eingibt. In einer zweiten Ausführungsform kann die Überwachung der Buchblockklammern durch eine Detektionseinrichtung, wie eine Kamera oder mindestens einen Sensor erfolgen, wobei die Informationen über defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammern von der Detektionseinrichtung an die Steuereinrichtung gemeldet werden.The invention also relates to a method for operating a bookbinding machine as described above. The book block staples of the perfect binder are monitored and if a defective or missing book block staple is detected, the gathering machine is driven so that no book block is carried together for this defective or missing book block staple. In a first embodiment, the monitoring of the book block brackets by the machine operator can be done, which inputs the information about defective or missing book block brackets in the control device of the bookbinding machine. In a second embodiment, the monitoring of the book block brackets can be performed by a detection device, such as a camera or at least one sensor, wherein the information about defective or missing book block brackets are reported by the detection device to the control device.

Die beschriebene Erfindung und die beschriebenen vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen der Erfindung stellen auch in beliebiger Kombination miteinander vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung dar.The described invention and the described advantageous developments of the invention are also in any combination with each other advantageous developments of the invention.

Hinsichtlich weiterer Vorteile und vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wird auf die Unteransprüche sowie die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung verwiesen.With regard to further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the dependent claims and the description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Ausführungsbeispielembodiment

Die Erfindung soll anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels noch näher erläutert werden. Es zeigt in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
einen Klebebinder in einer Übersichtsdarstellung
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. It shows in a schematic representation:
Fig. 1
an adhesive binder in an overview

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Buchbindemaschine 100 mit einer Zusammentragmaschine 110, einer Übergabeeinrichtung 120, einem Klebebinder 130 und einer Kühlstrecke mit Beschnittstation 140 (nicht dargestellt).
In der Zusammentragmaschine 1010 werden einzelne Signaturen von Anlegern in Transportsegmente T11, T12, T13, T14 einer Sammeleinrichtung 111 abgelegt und so Buchblocks B11, B12, B13 zusammengetragen. Die Anleger sind der besseren Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht dargestellt. Buchblocks B werden von der Zusammentragmaschine 110 in Transportrichtung vG bewegt und über eine Übergabeeinrichtung 120 in Transportrichtung dem Klebebinder 130 zugeführt. Von einem Buchblocktransportsystem, gebildet durch angetriebene Klammern K, welche die Buchblocks B ergreifen und auf einer nicht dargestellten Führungsbahn umlaufen, werden die Buchblocks B in Transportrichtung vB durch den Klebebinder 130 transportiert.
Die Buchblöcke B werden und zu einer ersten Bearbeitungsstation, einer Rückenbearbeitungsstation 132, transportiert. Die Rückenbearbeitungsstation 132 kann mehrere nicht dargestellte Bearbeitungswerkzeuge besitzen. Der an seinem Rücken bearbeitete Buchblock B wird weiter zu einer Leimauftragsstation 133 transportiert und dort von einem Rückenleimwerk im Bereich seines Rückens und von einem Seitenleimwerk im rückennahen Bereich an seinen Seitenflächen mit Klebstoff versehen. Fig. 1 shows a bookbinding machine 100 with a collator 110, a transfer device 120, an adhesive binder 130 and a cooling line with Beschnittstation 140 (not shown).
In the gathering machine 1010, individual signatures are deposited by investors in transport segments T11, T12, T13, T14 of a collection device 111, and thus book blocks B11, B12, B13 are collected. The investors are not shown for the sake of clarity. Book block B are moved by the collating machine 110 in the transport direction vG and fed to the perfect binder 130 via a transfer device 120 in the transport direction. From a book block transport system, formed by driven brackets K, which take the book blocks B and circulate on a guideway, not shown, the book blocks B are transported in the transport direction vB by the adhesive binder 130.
The book blocks B are transported to a first processing station, a back processing station 132. The spine processing station 132 may have a plurality of processing tools, not shown. The book block B processed at its back is further transported to a glue application station 133 and provided there with adhesive by a back gluing unit in the region of its back and by a side gluing unit in the area near the back.

In einer Umschlaganlege- und -andrückstation 134 werden Umschläge U in einer Zuführrichtung vU zugeführt, an die Buchblöcke B angelegt, angedrückt und so beide miteinander verbunden. Anschließend werden die Buchblöcke B mit angeklebtem Umschlag U durch ein separates Transportsystem weiter durch eine Kühlstrecke und zum Dreiseitenbeschnitt 140 transportiert. Dort erfolgt der Dreiseitenbeschnitt des Buchblocks B, wobei das fertige Buch entsteht.In a Umschlaganlege- and -andrückstation 134 envelopes U are supplied in a feed direction vU, applied to the book blocks B, pressed and so connected to each other. Subsequently, the book blocks B with adhered envelope U are further transported by a separate transport system through a cooling section and the three-side trimming 140. There, the three-side trim of the book block B, where the finished book is created.

Der Klebebinder 130 verfügt über einen Positionssensor 135, welcher als optischer Sensor ausgeführt ist. Dieser dient dazu, die Positionen der Buchblockklammern K exakt zu bestimmen. In der Darstellung von Fig. 1 wurde zuletzt die Position der Buchblockklammer K15 erfasst. Auch kann durch den Sensor 136 ein Identifikationsmerkmal der Buchblockklammern K ausgelesen werden. In der Momentaufnahme von Fig. 1 kann mittels des Sensors 135 keine Positionserfassung erfolgen, da die Buchblockklammer K14 fehlt.
Weiter besitzt der Klebebinder 130 eine Detektionskamera 136 zur Überprüfung der Anwesenheit und des Zustands von Buchblockklammern K. In der Momentaufnahme von Fig.1 wird durch die Detektionskamera 136 festgestellt, dass die Buchblockklammer K14 nicht vorhanden ist.The perfect binder 130 has a position sensor 135, which is designed as an optical sensor. This serves to determine the positions of the book block brackets K exactly. In the presentation of Fig. 1 the position of the book block clamp K15 was last recorded. Also, an identification feature of the book block brackets K can be read by the sensor 136. In the snapshot of Fig. 1 can be done by means of the sensor 135 no position detection, since the book block K14 is missing.
Next, the perfect binder 130 has a detection camera 136 for checking the presence and the condition of book block brackets K. In the snapshot of Fig.1 it is determined by the detection camera 136 that the book block clamp K14 is not present.

Wie durch die gestrichelten, abgebrochenen Linien angedeutet, sind die Zusammentragmaschine 110, die Umschlaganlegestation 134, der Positionssensor 135 und die Detektionskamera 136 mit einer gemeinsamen Steuereinrichtung 150 verbunden. Die Zusammentragmaschine 110 (und damit auch ihre Anleger) als auch die Umschlaganlegestation 134 können durch die Steuereinrichtung 150 angesteuert werden. Auch weitere Elemente und Einrichtungen der Buchbindemaschine 100 können mit dieser Steuereinrichtung 150 verbunden sein.As indicated by the dashed, broken lines, the gathering machine 110, the envelope applying station 134, the position sensor 135 and the detection camera 136 are connected to a common control device 150. The gathering machine 110 (and thus also its investors) as well as the handling docking station 134 can be controlled by the control device 150. Other elements and devices of the bookbinding machine 100 may also be connected to this control device 150.

Wird durch die Detektionskamera 136 festgestellt, dass eine Buchblockklammer Ki defekt ist oder fehlt, so wird diese Information an die Steuereinheit 150 gemeldet. Ein in der Steuereinrichtung 150 hinterlegtes Maschinenprogramm bewirkt eine Ansteuerung der Zusammentragmaschine 110 derart, dass für diese Buchblockklammer Ki kein Buchblock Bi zusammengetragen wird und bewirkt eine Ansteuerung der Umschlaganlegestation 134 derart, dass für die Buchblockklammer Ki kein Umschlag Ui bereitgestellt wird.
Die Momentaufnahme von Fig. 1 zeigt, dass für die fehlende Buchblockklammer K14 durch die Zusammentragmaschine 110 kein Buchblock B14 zusammengetragen wird. Das zugehörige Transportsegment T14 der Sammeleinrichtung 111 bleibt leer und ungenutzt. Für die ebenfalls fehlende Buchblockklammer K16 wurde von der Zusammentragmaschine 110 ebenfalls kein Buchblock B16 bereitgestellt. An der Position der Buchblockklammer K16 fährt damit eine Lücke durch den Klebebinder 130. Für die ebenfalls fehlende Buchblockklammer K5 wurde ebenfalls kein Buchblock B5 bereitgestellt. Auch wird durch den Umschlaganleger 134 kein Umschlag U5 bereitgestellt.If it is determined by the detection camera 136 that a book block clamp Ki is defective or is missing, this information is reported to the control unit 150. A stored in the controller 150 machine program causes a control of the collator 110 such that for this book block clamp Ki no book block Bi is compiled and causes a control of Umschlaganlegestation 134 such that no envelope Ui is provided for the book block clip Ki.
The snapshot of Fig. 1 shows that for the missing book block clip K14 by the collating machine 110 no book block B14 is collected. The associated transport segment T14 of the collector 111 remains empty and unused. For the likewise missing book block clamp K16, no book block B16 was likewise provided by the collating machine 110. At the position of the book block clamp K16 thus moves a gap through the perfect binder 130. For the also missing book block clip K5 also no book block B5 was provided. Also, no envelope U5 is provided by the envelope feeder 134.

Der Übersichtlichkeit wegen wurde in Fig. 1 nur der Betrieb bei fehlenden Buchblockklammern K dargestellt. Die Betriebsweise der Buchbindemaschine 100 ist jedoch bei defekten, aber vorhandenen Buchblockklammern K analog.For the sake of clarity was in Fig. 1 only the operation with missing book block brackets K shown. However, the operation of the bookbinding machine 100 is analogous to defective, but existing book block brackets K.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100100
BuchbindemaschineBookbinding machine
110110
ZusammentragmaschineCollator
111111
Sammeleinrichtungcollecting device
120120
ÜbergabeeinrichtungTransfer device
130130
KlebebinderPerfect binder
131131
BuchblocktransportsystemBook block transport system
132132
RückenbearbeitungsstationSpine preparation station
133133
KlebstoffauftragsstationAdhesive application station
134134
Umschlaganlege- und -andrückstationEnvelope application and remand station
135135
Positionssensorposition sensor
136136
Detektionskameradetection camera
140140
Position Kühlstrecke und BeschnittstationPosition of cooling section and trimming station
150150
Steuereinrichtungcontrol device
BB
Buchblockbook block
KK
BuchblockkammerBook block chamber
TT
Transportsegmenttransport segment
UU
Umschlagenvelope
vBvB
Förderrichtung KlebebinderConveying direction perfect binder
vUvU
Zuführrichtung UmschlaganlegerFeed direction Cover feeder
vGvG
Transportrichtung ZusammentragmaschineTransport direction gathering machine

Claims (10)

Buchbindemaschine (100), umfassend eine Zusammentragmaschine (110) zum Zusammentragen von Buchblocks (B1, B2, B3...) mit einer eine Mehrzahl von Transportsegmenten (T1, T2, T3...) aufweisenden Sammeleinrichtung (111) - einen Klebebinder (130) zum Bearbeiten der Buchblocks (B) zur Herstellung von klebegebundenen Broschuren bzw. Büchern mit einem, eine Mehrzahl von Buchblockklammern (K1, K2, K3...) aufweisenden Buchblocktransportsystem (131), zum Transport der Buchblocks (B) durch Bearbeitungsstationen wie Rückenbearbeitungs- (132), Klebestoffauftrags- (133) und Umschlaganlegestation (134) - eine zwischen Zusammentragmaschine (110) und Klebebinder (130) angeordnete Übergabeeinrichtung (120) zum Übergeben der zusammengetragenen Buchblocks (B) von der Sammeleinrichtung (111) an das Buchblocktransportsystem (131), wobei Zusammentragmaschine (110) und Klebebinder (130) von einer gemeinsamen Steuereinrichtung (150) angesteuert werden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass durch die Steuereinrichtung (150) einer jeweiligen Buchblockklammer (K) je ein Transportsegment (T) der Sammeleinrichtung (111) zugeordnet ist.A book binding machine (100) comprising a collating machine (110) for collating book blocks (B1, B2, B3 ...) with a collecting device (111) having a plurality of transport segments (T1, T2, T3 ...). - An adhesive binder (130) for editing the book block (B) for the production of adhesive booklets or books with a book block transport system (131) having a plurality of book block brackets (K1, K2, K3 ...), for transporting the book blocks (B ) through processing stations such as spine processing (132), glue application (133) and envelope application station (134) a transfer device (120) arranged between the collating machine (110) and the adhesive binder (130) for transferring the collated book blocks (B) from the collecting device (111) to the book block transport system (131), wherein collating machine (110) and adhesive binder (130) are controlled by a common control device (150),
characterized,
in that a respective transport segment (T) is assigned to the collecting device (111) by the control device (150) of a respective book block clamp (K). Buchbindemaschine nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinrichtung (150) ein Programm aufweist, welches beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer (Ki) die Zusammentragmaschine (110) so ansteuert, dass für diese Buchblockklammer (Ki) kein Buchblock (Bi) zusammengetragen wird.Bookbinding machine according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the control device (150) has a program which, when detecting a defective or missing book block bracket (Ki) so controls the collator (110), that for this book block bracket (Ki) a book block (Bi) is formed. Buchbindemaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Klebebinder (130) mindestens einen Sensor (135) zum Erfassen der Position einer jeweiligen Buchblockklammer (K) aufweist.Book binding machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the adhesive binder (130) has at least one sensor (135) for detecting the position of a respective book block clamp (K). Buchbindemaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Buchblockklammern (K) nummeriert sind.Book binding machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the book block brackets (K) are numbered. Buchbindemaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine jeweilige Buchblockklammern (K) ein Identifikationselement aufweist, insbesondere einen RFID-Tag oder einen Strichcode.Book binding machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a respective book block clamps (K) comprises an identification element, particularly a RFID tag or a bar code. Buchbindemaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Klebebinder (130) eine mit der Steuereinrichtung (150) in Signalverbindung stehende Detektionseinrichtung (136) zum Detektieren von Defekten oder des Fehlens einer Buchblockklammer (K) besitzt, insbesondere ausgebildet als optischer Sensor oder Kamera.Book binding machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the adhesive binder (130) has a detection device (136) in signal communication with the control device (150) for detecting defects or the absence of a book block clamp (K), in particular designed as an optical sensor or camera. Buchbindemaschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Steuereinrichtung (150) ein Programm aufweist, welches beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer (Ki) die Umschlaganlegestation (134) des Klebebinders (130) so ansteuert, dass für diese Buchblockklammer (Ki) kein Umschlag (Ui) bereitgestellt wird.Book binding machine according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that the control device (150) has a program which, upon detecting a defective or missing book block clip (Ki), activates the cover applicator station (134) of the perfect binder (130) such that no cover (Ui) is provided for this book block clip (Ki). Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Buchbindemaschine nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Buchblockklammern (K) überwacht werden und,
dass beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer (Ki) die Zusammentragmaschine (110) so angesteuert wird, dass für diese Buchblockklammer (Ki) kein Buchblock (Bi) zusammengetragen wird.A method of operating a bookbinding machine according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the book block brackets (K) are monitored and,
that upon detection of a defective or missing book block clamp (Ki), the collating machine (110) is controlled so that no book block (Bi) is collected for this book block clamp (Ki). Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Überwachung durch den Maschinenbediener erfolgt, welcher die Informationen über die defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammer (Ki) in die Steuereinrichtung (150) eingibt.Method according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the monitoring is carried out by the machine operator, who is the Entering information about the defective or missing book block clip (Ki) into the controller (150). Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Buchbindemaschine nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Buchblockklammern (K) überwacht werden und,
dass beim Detektieren einer defekten oder fehlenden Buchblockklammer (Ki) die Zusammentragmaschine (110) so angesteuert wird, dass für diese Buchblockklammer (Ki) kein Buchblock (Bi) zusammengetragen wird,
wobei die Überwachung durch eine Detektionseinrichtung (136) erfolgt, welche die Informationen über die defekte oder fehlende Buchblockklammer (Ki) an die Steuereinrichtung (150) meldet.A method of operating a bookbinding machine according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the book block brackets (K) are monitored and,
in that upon detection of a defective or missing book block clamp (Ki), the collating machine (110) is activated in such a way that no book block (Bi) is collected for this book block clamp (Ki),
wherein the monitoring is performed by a detection device (136), which reports the information about the defective or missing book block clip (Ki) to the control device (150).
EP10154731.3A 2009-03-20 2010-02-25 Book binding machine and method for operating same Not-in-force EP2230092B1 (en)

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DE202005007012U1 (en) 2005-05-02 2005-08-04 Kolbus Gmbh & Co. Kg Binding machine for books has number of clips which is whole-number multiple of number of transporters
EP1873103A1 (en) 2006-06-30 2008-01-02 Müller Martini Holding AG Device for collecting printed products along a collecting section comprising a transport device and devices for feeding the printed products

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US20100239392A1 (en) 2010-09-23
EP2230092B1 (en) 2017-09-06
JP3162537U (en) 2010-09-09
DE102009014182A1 (en) 2010-09-23
US8840351B2 (en) 2014-09-23
EP2230092A3 (en) 2012-08-29
CN101837696A (en) 2010-09-22
CN101837696B (en) 2015-04-29

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