EP2293991A1 - Couvercle de fermeture - Google Patents
Couvercle de fermetureInfo
- Publication number
- EP2293991A1 EP2293991A1 EP08789963A EP08789963A EP2293991A1 EP 2293991 A1 EP2293991 A1 EP 2293991A1 EP 08789963 A EP08789963 A EP 08789963A EP 08789963 A EP08789963 A EP 08789963A EP 2293991 A1 EP2293991 A1 EP 2293991A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- annular
- lid
- central portion
- edge
- annular portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
- B65D43/0202—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
- B65D43/0204—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections
- B65D43/021—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections only on the inside, or a part turned to the inside, of the mouth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
- B65D43/0202—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
- B65D43/0214—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity
- B65D43/0218—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity on both the inside and the outside of the mouth of the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
- B65D43/0235—Removable lids or covers with integral tamper element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
- B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00064—Shape of the outer periphery
- B65D2543/00074—Shape of the outer periphery curved
- B65D2543/00092—Shape of the outer periphery curved circular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00259—Materials used
- B65D2543/00296—Plastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00435—Lids secured to an intermediate ring or like annular member fixed to the container mouth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/0049—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the inside, or a part turned to the inside of the mouth of the container
- B65D2543/00518—Skirt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/00537—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the outside, or a part turned to the outside of the mouth of the container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/00555—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on both the inside and the outside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00564—Contact between the container and the lid indirect by means of a gasket or similar intermediate ring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00592—Snapping means
- B65D2543/00601—Snapping means on the container
- B65D2543/00611—Profiles
- B65D2543/0062—Groove or hollow bead
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00592—Snapping means
- B65D2543/00601—Snapping means on the container
- B65D2543/00675—Periphery concerned
- B65D2543/00685—Totality
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00592—Snapping means
- B65D2543/00712—Snapping means on the lid
- B65D2543/00722—Profiles
- B65D2543/0074—Massive bead
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00592—Snapping means
- B65D2543/00712—Snapping means on the lid
- B65D2543/00787—Periphery concerned
- B65D2543/00796—Totality
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00824—Means for facilitating removing of the closure
- B65D2543/00833—Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar
- B65D2543/00851—Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar on the central part of the lid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a closing lid.
- the prior art comprises closing lids exhibiting an annular portion that is sealingly associable to an upper edge of a container.
- the annular portion delimits a central opening through which it is possible to accede to the inside of the container.
- Lids available in the prior art further comprise a central portion which can be inserted internally of the central opening of the annular portion such as to close the access opening of the container.
- the central portion is inserted removably internally of the central access opening of the container, such as to enable the container to be opened and closed many times.
- the prior-art lids are thus made in two parts, the annular portion and the circular portion. This leads to a substantial doubling of the equipment and production lines required for the production of a lid, with a consequent increase in production costs for the lids. A further increase in production costs is given by the waste of material connected to the inevitable disparity between the number of annular portions and the number of central portions which are produced during a production cycle. Lids of this type are typically used for closing jars or cylindrical pails containing substances which, at least up to first use, must be isolated from the surrounding environment: typical examples of these substances are paints and glazes. It is therefore necessary that at least up to the first opening of the container the lid will provide a hermetic seal and will inform immediately if the lid has already been opened.
- the hermetic seal and the safety guarantee device of the lid are obtained by applying a seal on the lid, for example a film of plastic material.
- the application of the seal can be done subsequently to the filling of the container and the application of the lid onto the container, or before the application of the lid on the container. This leads to an increase in times and costs of product packaging.
- the main aim of the present invention is to provide a lid which enables the drawbacks in the presently-available lids to be overcome.
- An advantage of the lid of the present invention is that it enables production times and costs of the lid to be limited.
- a further advantage of the lid of the invention is that it contributes to limiting times and costs of packaging the product inside containers using the lids of the present invention.
- figure 1 is a section view of the lid of the present invention, associated to a container;
- figure 2 is an enlargement of figure 1 ;
- figure 2a an d 2b are a first and a second alternative embodiment of a detail of figure 2;
- figure 3 is the lid of figure 1 in an open configuration;
- figure 4 is the lid of figure 1 in a closed configuration.
- the closing lid of the present invention is denoted in its entirety by 1.
- the lid 1 comprises an annular portion 2, sealedly associable to the upper edge of a container 30.
- a central portion 3 is associated in a single piece with the annular portion 2.
- the annular portion 2 and the central portion 3 are connected to one another at a joining edge 4 along which, by application of a force, the central portion 3 and the annular portion 2 can be separated from one another.
- the lid 1 is thus made in a single piece which is subdivided into the annular portion 2 and the central portion 3.
- the joining edge 4 is preferably continuous. In this way, before the central portion 3 and the annular portion 2 are separated from one another for the first time, the lid provides a totally hermetic closure.
- the joining edge 4 comprises a weakened zone at which separation of the annular portion 2 from the central portion 3 can be obtained by tearing.
- the joining edge 4 can be constituted by two edges 22, 32 of the annular portion 2 and the central portion 3, located in contact.
- the joining edge 4 can be constituted by a thin portion of material 4a, illustrated in figures 2a and 2b, which extends between the two edges 22, 32 of the annular portion and the central portion.
- This thin portion of material 4a can be arranged on an overall horizontal plane, as in the case illustrated in figure 2, or on an overall vertical plane, as in the case of figure 3.
- the joining edge can be broken equally by a traction of the central portion 3 in an upwards direction or by a pressure on the central portion 3 in a downwards direction.
- the joining edge is easily separable by an upwards traction of the central portion 3, while it is more resistant to a downwards pressure on the central portion 3.
- the solution of figure 3, therefore, limits the risk that the joining edge 4 can break by accident by effect of a pressure exerted on the lid.
- the joining edge 4 can be conformed such as to require at least a rotation of the central portion 3 with respect to the annular portion 2 in order to enable separation between the central portion 3 and the annular portion 2.
- the joining edge 4 can be provided with at least a threaded portion which has not been illustrated in the figures, as it can easily be made by an expert in the sector.
- Connecting means 5, 6, 7 are predisposed to enable a removable connection between the annular portion 2 and the central portion 3 following the separation thereof along the joining edge 4.
- the connecting means comprise an annular undercut 5 which projects below the central portion 3.
- the annular undercut 5 is predisposed to house a peripheral edge 6 which delimits a central opening 20 of the annular portion 2.
- the central portion 3 comprises, below the annular undercut 5, a conical annular edge 7 converging in a distancing direction from the annular undercut 5.
- the conical annular edge is predisposed to facilitate the insertion of the annular undercut 5 across the peripheral edge 6 of the annular portion 2.
- the central portion further comprises an upper lip 8, circular in shape, a diameter of which is greater than a diameter of the central opening 20.
- the annular undercut 5 and the peripheral edge 6 extend below the upper lip 8.
- the upper lip 8 When the central portion 3 is inserted in the central opening 20, with the peripheral edge 6 of the central opening 20 housed in the annular undercut 5, the upper lip 8 is arranged in contact with the upper surface of the annular portion 2.
- a seating or recess (not illustrated), open in a downwards direction, can be afforded on the lip 8 in order to enable insertion of a lever between the lip 8 and the annular portion 2.
- the annular portion 2 is provided with two opposite edges 10, 11 which extend downwards from the upper surface 2a of the annular portion 2.
- a space is defined between the two opposite edges, in which the upper edge of a container 30 can be arranged by friction coupling.
- the two opposite edges 10, 11 can also be provided with annular ribs 21 which project towards the inside of the space delimited by the opposite edges.
- the ribs 21 are predisposed to be positioned in contact with ribs or seatings 31 arranged in proximity of the edge of the container 30 such as to increase the sturdiness of the coupling between the opposite edges 10, 11 and the edge of the container and establish a hermetic seal.
- the one which is in the more internal position 11 projects more with respect to the one which is in a more external position 10, such as to facilitate the centring of the cover with respect to the upper edge of the container.
- the lid of the present invention provides important advantages.
- the lid is made in a single piece. This means a single die can be used for the production of the lid.
- the first and second portions are further produced in an absolutely equal number, so that waste of material due to the inevitable inequality of pieces produced for lids of known type is reduced.
- a further important advantage is that with the lid of the present invention, at least up to first opening thereof, provides a hermetic seal without requiring application of seals or other anti-opening devices before or after the application of the lid of the container.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT2008/000351 WO2009144749A1 (fr) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Couvercle de fermeture |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2293991A1 true EP2293991A1 (fr) | 2011-03-16 |
Family
ID=40121999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08789963A Withdrawn EP2293991A1 (fr) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Couvercle de fermeture |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2293991A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009144749A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3998354A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1976-12-21 | Song John S | Reusable sealed plastic cover |
US3966080A (en) * | 1975-05-15 | 1976-06-29 | Weatherchem Corporation | End closure with resealable tab |
FR2361278A1 (fr) * | 1976-08-09 | 1978-03-10 | Grandgirard Henri | Couvercle de fermeture de recipients |
DK147656C (da) * | 1978-06-23 | 1985-04-29 | Superfos Emballage As | Beholderlukke af den type, hvor et laag er indrettet til at passe ind i en kantring, som indgriber med beholdermundingen |
US5020686A (en) | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-04 | Continental Plastics, Inc. | Closure for a resealable container |
US5145085A (en) | 1992-01-29 | 1992-09-08 | University Of Wisconsin | Initially sealed reclosable container closure |
US5758793A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-06-02 | Weatherchem Corporation | Reclosable top for can |
-
2008
- 2008-05-28 EP EP08789963A patent/EP2293991A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-05-28 WO PCT/IT2008/000351 patent/WO2009144749A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009144749A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009144749A1 (fr) | 2009-12-03 |
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