EP2256263B1 - Ball throw-proof mineral wool ceiling with acoustic effects (spatial acoustics) - Google Patents

Description

The innovation relates to a suspended from the ceiling of a room ceiling with longitudinally and transversely spaced, in cross-section T-shaped, a web, a head and horizontal support flanges having profile rails, between which in the respective frame formed by the profile rails of the support flanges held mineral wool panels are inserted.

There are already suspended ceilings similar to the type described above, in which by the rails a certain grid is formed so that arise in accordance with the grid frame, are inserted into the mineral wool panels, either for sound insulation or fire protection.

Are also known suspended ceiling or ceiling panels that are ballproof, with which, for example, sports halls, classrooms or playrooms are equipped in daycare to avoid lifting or damaging individual cassettes in the frame grid ceiling. For this purpose, metal sheets are inserted all over into the frame of the grid ceiling. However, the desired ball throwing security is bought with poor acoustic properties of such a suspended ceiling. A reverberant sound disturbs with detriment the mutual understanding of the persons in such a room.

The European patent application EP 0 652 338 A1 discloses a false ceiling in built-in with a suspended support grid, which consists of longitudinal rails and cross rails. In the fields of the supporting grid ceiling tiles are inserted. On the ceiling panels resting support rods are anchored positively at both ends to the longitudinal rails. The support rails support the ceiling panels against lifting and buckling up when under the ceiling a pressure surge arises. As a result, the fire resistance of a false ceiling is maintained even under load from a pressure surge.

The novelty is therefore based on the object to improve the initially described, known sub-ceiling so that it is also ball-proof in addition to the fire protection, sound-absorbing or acoustic effect.

This object is achieved in accordance with the innovation in that at least one metal sheet bent up at least at one of its edges is arranged rearwardly at the top of the respective mineral wool plate, the edge of which is approximately as high as the web of the profiled rails minus the thickness of the mineral wool plate, so that the upper free one Edge of the sheet edge can be latched under the head of the rail, the metal sheet covering the mineral wool plate over the entire surface. With the features of the innovation, a ceiling system made of light mineral wool panels can be built, which promises a good room acoustics in addition to the Ballwurfsicherheit. If you want according to the task, the lower ceiling with the known acoustic effect in addition make also ball proof, then although known metal sheets are used according to the frame size, but new is the arrangement of the metal sheets on the mineral wool panels of the suspended ceiling at the top back of the mineral wool slab. One no longer has to accept the reverberant sound in schools, kindergartens or educational institutions, but has good room acoustics, so that an excellent intelligibility for language and music performances, z. B. in multi-purpose halls, results, the new ceiling is ballproof.

The innovation is further characterized in that the metal sheet covers the mineral wool plate over the entire surface. The spaced-apart profile rails are in a conventional manner in cross-section T-shaped and form between them frames that are rectangular or square as the mineral wool boards inserted there. Known is the full-surface insert of the mineral wool panels, if they are not ball-proof. Assigning a metal sheet whose area is less than or equal to the surface of the frame, then an applied thin metal sheet can ensure the desired ball impact safety, namely on the one hand by the stiffening as a result of the edges aufgekanteten and on the other hand due to the latched under the head of the rail edge.

Considering the respective frame formed by the rails, then this can be thought divided into different fields, eg. B. parallel juxtaposed fields that fill the frame over its entire surface in total; or triangular fields and trapezoidal fields that also completely fill the frame in their buzzer. You can even insert metal sheets in the frame, which cover the frame only partially. If with such sheet metal strips on opposite sides or corner edged edges are present and they are snapped fit under the head of a rail, can ensure the Ballwurfsicherheit. After the last-mentioned feature in which the metal sheet covering the mineral wool plate or the frame over the entire surface, the support of the metal sheet on the mineral wool plate is optimal. If then the mineral wool plate is designed to absorb sound, the solution of the above object succeeds particularly favorable. By applying an additional mineral wool or rock wool padding, a damping of low frequencies can be achieved.

Furthermore, according to the innovation, it can also be provided that the respective frame formed by the profile rails is provided for stiffening with at least one spacer which can be attached to the rear surface of the metal sheet. The ball impact safety is particularly good if the metal sheet is stiff on the mineral wool plate and reliable on the Profile rail construction is maintained. The head of the respective rail guarantees when snapping the edges of the metal sheet for a reliable fixing of the metal sheet, even if this has larger dimensions, if a further stiffening is provided. But this succeeds with the mentioned spacer on the back surface of the metal sheet.

Now, if now also the spacer in cross-section is V-shaped and is releasably secured by overlapping the rail with at least one pin to this, the stiffening succeeds with minimal material and simple means. The V-shaped spacer may be formed so that it overlaps one or more rails, so that there is a cross-sectional view in plan view. With a pin can be attached to the rail also in a very simple and effective way of the spacer. The solubility is ensured because you can easily pull a pin along the spacer from the transverse thereto rail.

It has also been shown that the use of a perforated metal sheet with full-surface back applied mineral wool or rock wool contributes to an improvement in airborne sound insulation and longitudinal sound insulation without sacrificing the rigidity and strength and thus the Ballwurfsicherheit. In perforated plates, holes are uniformly spaced over the entire surface of the metal sheet. Under perforation can of course but also understand the arrangement of only a few holes and different shape in the metal sheet. A good strength and rigidity is achieved even with a thickness of the metal sheet of 1 mm and a material thickness of the spacer for stiffening of 0.4 mm.

The perforation in the metal sheet prevents a strong return reflection of sound that could possibly have passed up from the room under the suspended ceiling up through the mineral wool panel. This return reflection can be further reduced by using a mineral wool or rock wool pad over the entire surface of the perforated metal sheet. These are effective means of eliminating or at least greatly reducing the above-mentioned reverberant sounds.

The innovation also provides that simple frame structures can be used in the construction of the suspended ceiling. It is advantageous if the respective frame of suspended support rails and perpendicular to these running, with these connected connection profile rails is formed. These profile rails can be made of a 0.3 mm thick sheet steel with perfect function and high reliability.

It has also been found that it is useful and beneficial for the innovation, when the edge of the metal sheets is crimped at an angle not equal to 90 °. The upper edge of the sheet edge should engage under the head of the rail and press the sheet metal in this way largely rigid and resiliently against the rear upper side of the mineral wool slab. The spring effect is particularly favored when the angle of the bead is not equal to 90 °, d. H. the flat surface of the edge is oblique to the main plane of the metal sheet.

In an advantageous embodiment of the innovation is at a pitch of 625 mm, the outer dimension of the cassette formed by the metal sheet 2 mm smaller than the grid, and the projection of the slope of the canted edge is between 1.97 mm to a maximum of 10 mm. It has been found that labor and especially the cost of materials is minimal when working with the above-mentioned grid, which then you should make the outer dimension of the cassette formed by the metal sheet 2 mm smaller. When such a cassette formed in the metal sheet is placed in the frame at the top of the back surface of the mineral wool plate, the resilient elastic clamp at the edge of the metal sheet is particularly favorable, taking the range of the projection dimension shown in FIG , 97 mm to 10 mm limited.

If one uses the measures according to the innovation in suspended ceilings of known types, the new ceiling can also easily, effectively and reliably attach to the side walls, especially if it is envisaged that the rails for mounting a vertical wall of the room in cross-section C-shaped Have wall profile rails that hold down the metal sheet against the mineral wool plate via resiliently biased holder. The wall profile rail preferably has the cross section of a box open on one side, wherein its closed side is to bring laterally against the vertical wall in abutment and on the opposite side of the rail is open. From the open side, on the one hand, the mineral wool slab and, on the other hand, the resting metal sheet is pushed into the space of the profiled rail. It is expedient if the inserted edge of the metal sheet is not flared at this wall-side attachment point. The spring-biased holding down of the metal sheet under pressure takes place in the region of the wall profile rail by the mentioned resiliently biased Holder. This presses on the one hand on the metal sheet and on the other hand is supported against a leg of the C-shaped wall rail.

As hold-down you can also the above-mentioned spacer, z. B. the cross-sectionally V-shaped spacers use. But it is also inexpensive and effective to use as a holder in cross-section trapezoidal compression springs.

• Figur 1 perspektivisch einen Ausschnitt einer abgehängten Unterdecke, die an einer Seite mit einer C-förmigen Wandprofilschiene für die Befestigung an einer nicht gezeigten Wand versehen ist,
• Figur 2a die Querschnittsansicht einer Tragprofilschiene,
• Figur 2b die Querschnittsansicht einer Verbindungsprofilschiene,
• Figur 3 eine abgebrochene Schnittdarstellung zweier von den Tragprofilschienen gehaltener Mineralwolleplatten mit aufgelegten Lochblechen und aussteifenden Abstandhaltern,
• Figur 4 den Querschnitt durch ein Lochblech mit schräg aufgekanteten Rändern,
• Figur 5 eine Querschnittsansicht einer Wandprofilschiene mit Seitenansicht einer eingeklemmten, im Querschnitt trapezförmigen Haltefeder, und
• Figur 6 ein ähnliches C-förmiges Wandprofil mit teilweise eingeschobener Mineralwolleplatte und aufgelegtem Metallblech, wobei hier ein Schnitt VI-VI in Figur 1 mit Seitenansicht eines Abstandhalters gezeigt ist.

Further advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In these show:

• FIG. 1 Perspective a section of a suspended ceiling, which is provided on one side with a C-shaped wall rail for attachment to a wall, not shown,
• FIG. 2a the cross-sectional view of a support rail,
• FIG. 2b the cross-sectional view of a connection profile rail,
• FIG. 3 a broken sectional view of two held by the support rails mineral wool slabs with applied perforated plates and stiffening spacers,
• FIG. 4 the cross section through a perforated plate with obliquely upended edges,
• FIG. 5 a cross-sectional view of a wall rail profile with a side view of a trapped, trapezoidal in cross-section retaining spring, and
• FIG. 6 a similar C-shaped wall profile with partially inserted mineral wool plate and applied metal sheet, in which case a section VI-VI in FIG. 1 shown with a side view of a spacer.

In FIG. 1 is a partially constructed in a conventional manner profiled rail system for a renewal under cover shown. The space formed by vertical walls, a horizontal ceiling and a horizontal floor is not shown. But you can see two suspended from the ceiling, nonius pendant hangs. Nonius connectors are components with which a good accuracy and thus the desire of one ceiling level to another can be achieved. In FIG. 1 are mounted at the lower end of this per se known Noniusabhänger 1 perpendicular to these and horizontally extending support rails 2. About lugs 3, which are attached to the opposite ends of connecting profile rails 4, the in FIG. 1 shown grid construction are created. The support rails 2 have at their ends couplings 5, so that you can build by juxtaposing longer support rails 2. These run perpendicular to the connection profile rails 4, which can be attached by means of the lugs 3 on the support rails 2 via slots 6. The distance from one support rail 2 to the other is 625 mm in a typical example. This measure also applies to the distance between the one connecting profile rail 4 to the adjacent, so that thereby a frame 7 can be formed. This in FIG. 1 with the arrow 7 generally designated frame is between the four cross points of the support rails with the connection profile rails. The resulting field is in FIG. 1 square.

In FIG. 2a one recognizes the support rail 2, as well as in FIG. 2b shown connecting profile rail 4 in cross-section T-shaped. Both rails 2 and 4 have in the middle of a web 8, above a head 9 and horizontally extending support flanges 10. The in the FIGS. 2a and 2b shown T-profiles are double-rolled and preferably in the case of a visual construction, ie if you see the rails 2, 4 of the ceiling from below, provided with a rolled-coated sheet metal strip 11. On the support flanges 10 are shown in the representation of FIGS. 1 . 3 . 5 and 6 Mineral wool plates 12 placed, the lower, visible from the bottom space surface is preferably provided with holes for sound absorption.

In order to get the blanket, which is already known as far as possible, to be ball-resistant, a metal sheet 13 is arranged at the rear on top of the respective mineral wool panel 12. In the FIGS. 2 to 6 is to think down the space from the ceiling, not shown, the support rails 2 are suspended.

In the construction of the FIGS. 1 and 3 covers the metal plate 13 extending horizontally with its main part the frame 7 and thus the respective mineral wool plate 12 over its entire surface. The main frame covers the surface of the frame 7 largely and has on the four sides four edges 14 aufgekantete, while in the illustration of the FIG. 1 the structure top right with the smaller field has a metal sheet 13 with only three edges 4 aufgekanteten. The fourth side projects with its edge 15 in a cross-sectionally C-shaped wall rail 16, which will be described later. The edge 14 of the metal sheet 13 is flat in the embodiment shown here and in plan view clearly in FIG. 4 visible, noticeable. There, the holes 17 are shown, so that a metal sheet 13 as a perforated plate results. In the FIG. 4 illustrated height H of the edge-side projection of the respective edge 14 is about as high as the web 8 of the rail 2 or 4 minus the ceiling of the mineral wool plate 12, and thereby can be when laying the upper free edge 18 of the sheet edge 14 under the head 9 either Snap support rail 2 or connecting rail 4 into place. Thus, the metal sheet 13 is stiff on the rails 2 and 4 on the respective mineral wool slab 12, so that even when the impact on the mineral wool slab from the room from bottom to top, the metal sheet 13 can absorb the forces. The mineral wool plate 12 can not be lifted or damaged from the frame 7 by such an impact of an article. The metal sheet 13 absorbs the shocks. The Nonius pendants 1 are designed stiff and fixed to the ceiling, so that the impact of a ball on a mineral wool plate 12 from the room from bottom to top could not lead to dents or even a bending Verniuspenders.

In order to ensure the stiffening of the profile rail system and also the arrangement of the metal sheet in contact with the mineral wool plate 12, the frame 7 is provided with a spacer 19. This is in cross-section V-shaped, wherein the edge of the V rests on the rear surface of the metal sheet 13, on which one in FIG. 1 looks. From the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is also clearly seen that the edge or crease line 20 of the V rests in contact with the metal sheet 13 on the back surface thereof. The V-shaped spacer 19 has from the side of its kink 20 at opposite ends a respective recess 21, as can be seen in FIG. 1 sees. With this recess 21, the spacer 19 is fitted over the connecting profile rails 4, so that their distance from each other is fixed. Although this is a spacer 19, this serves at the same time effective stiffening of the metal sheet 13. Of course, the spacer 19 must be anchored to the connecting rail 4 and expediently also to the edge 14 of the metal sheet 13. For this purpose, the connecting profile rail 4 in its web 8 a circular hole which is aligned flush with a circular hole in the edge 14 of the metal sheet 13 and through which a pin 22 for releasable attachment of said parts to each other can be inserted. The in FIG. 3 and especially clear in FIG. 4 shown angle of attack (in FIG. 4 curved double arrow) is for a good resilient attachment of the edge 14 under the head 9 of the rail 2, 4 more than 90 °.

If one chooses for a frame 7 according to FIG. 1 in one embodiment, a grid, ie distance between two mutually parallel rails 2 or 4 of 625 mm, then that should be in FIG. 4 shown outside dimension of the bottom of the metal sheet 13, which is designated by A, 2 mm smaller than the grid, so 625 - 2 = 623 mm. According to the curved double arrow in FIG. 4 right is the angle of attack of the slope of the upstand in this example 99 °. The projected height H of the edge 14 of the metal sheet 13 is 12 mm in this embodiment. After the innovation, it is also appropriate if the in FIG. 4 shown projection P of the slope of the canted edge 14 is between 1.97 mm to a maximum of 10 mm.

In FIG. 1 the attachment of the suspended ceiling is illustrated on the right in a broken representation on a vertical wall, not shown. At this a wall rail 16 is fixed. This has in cross-section C-shape or the shape of a one-sided open box, as in cross-section in the Figures 5 and 6 is shown. In FIG. 5 it is a sectional view similar to the line VV in FIG. 1 while it is at FIG. 6 to a sectional view similar to the section line VI-VI in FIG. 1 is.

The wall profile rail 16 is mounted on its closed side, ie the back, on the vertical wall, not shown, so that from there under the formation of the C-shape below the horizontally extending support leg 23 projects and projects at the upper end of the counter-pressure arm 24. In these spanned by the C-shaped wall rail 16 space a mineral wool plate 12 is first inserted horizontally so that it comes to rest on the support leg 23. This fact can be seen clearly from the FIGS. 1 . 5 and 6 , To stiffen the acoustically effective mineral wool panel 12, the metal sheet 13 is placed in the manner described above, which may be perforated as in the embodiments shown here, may be unperforated or provided with only a few recesses and z. B. made of sheet steel or aluminum. For the wall connection, the side edge 15 of the metal sheet 13 is not upended, but rather closes the free edge 15 in approximately flush with the mineral wool plate 12, as can be clearly seen in the Figures 5 and 6 recognizes.

The missing, upturned edge of the metal sheet 13, which is designated at 14 in the other sheet metal parts, is replaced in the case of the wall termination of a spring-biased holder 25. In this holder, it may be about a trapezoidal shaped in plan view compression spring 25, as clearly in FIG. 1 recognizes. The lateral plan view of this compression spring 25 can be seen in FIG. 5 , Above it is supported against the counter-pressure leg 24 and acts with its spring tension down on the surface of the metal sheet 13, which thus rests firmly on the mineral wool plate 12. This resilient bias is provided by the compression springs 25 along the entire C-shaped wall rail 15 characterized in that one inserts these compression springs 25 approximately every 30 cm.

In other dimensions or for additional stiffening of the above-described, V-shaped spacer 19 is provided which is inserted in the wall portion with its one end in the C-shaped wall rail 16 so that its edge 20 of the V on the surface of the metal sheet 13 to lie comes, how to look in perspective FIG. 1 sees. In side view is this fact in FIG. 6 shown. On the top are the free edges of the V of this spacer 19 in the vicinity of the counter-pressure leg 24. The distance of this upper free edge of the spacer 12 as shown in FIG FIG. 6 of the counter-pressure leg 24 is characterized by the schematic character of FIG. 6 shown, there may possibly also give a touch there. But certainly the lower edge 20 of the spacer 19 contacts the surface of the metal sheet 13, and in FIG. 6 the distance shown there is conditioned by the schematic nature of this drawing.

The wall-side end of the spacer 19 is thus held down by the counter-pressure leg 24 on the metal sheet 13, and at the opposite end overlaps the V-shaped spacer 19 as shown in FIG FIG. 1 the connecting profile rail 4, in the web 8 a hole not shown is provided through which, including a hole in the canted edge 14 of the metal sheet 13, the pin 22 is inserted to fix the spacer 19 to the connecting rail 4.

Claims (8)

1. Suspended ceiling suspended from the ceiling of a room having profiled rails (2, 4; 16), which are arranged lengthways and crossways spaced apart from each other, which are T-shaped in cross-section, comprising a bar (8), a head (9) and horizontal carrying flanges (10), between which mineral wool tiles (12) carried by the carrying flanges (10) are inserted into the respective frame (7) formed by the profile rails (2, 4), wherein at least one metal sheet (13), which is bend up at at least one of its edges (14), is arranged rearwardly on top of the respective mineral wool tile (12), the edge (14) of which is approximately as high as the bar (8) of the profiled rail (2, 4) minus the thickness of the mineral wool tile (12) such that the upper free edge (18) of the metal edge (14) can be engaged below the head (9) of the profiled rail (2, 4), characterized in that the metal sheet (13) covers the mineral wool tile (12) completely.
2. Suspended ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective frame (7) formed by the profiled rails (2, 4) is provided with at least one spacer (19) which can be arranged on the rearward surface of the metal sheet (13) for bracing.
3. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer (19) is V-shaped in cross-section and is detachably fixed to the profiled rail (4) by reaching over the profiled rail (4) with at least one pin (22).
4. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal sheet (13) is perforated.
5. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the respective frame (7) is formed by suspended carrying profiled rails (2) and connecting profiled rails (4) perpendicular to those and connected to them.
6. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the edge (14) of the metal sheet (13) is flanged at an angle different from 90°.
7. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at a grid dimension of 625 mm, the external dimensions (A) of the cassette formed by the metal sheets (13) is 2 mm smaller than the grid dimension and the projection dimension (P) of the slant of the turned up edge (14) is between 1,97 to 10 mm.
8. Suspended ceiling according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profiled rails (16) comprise C-shaped wall profile rails (16) for mounting at a perpendicular wall of the room in cross-section, which hold down the metal sheet (13) against the mineral wool tile (12) by means of spring-loaded holders (25).

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