EP2110559A2 - Turbo machine with fluid re-injection to influence the boundary layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a main flow path confined by a wall, and a row of blades e.g. rotor blades or stator vanes, fixedly mounted on the wall. A fluid intake opening (9) and fluid supply opening (10) are located in the wall in an area of the blades, where the openings are connected by a fluid return path (11). A circumferential extension of the supply opening is less than distance between two adjacent blades. One blade has a blade section with a profile camber comprising an angular difference of 35 degrees of tangents drawn on a profile skeleton line at leading and trailing edges of the blade.

Description

The invention relates to a fluid flow machine according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

More particularly, the invention relates to a fluid flow machine having a flow path delimited by at least one wall on which at least one row of blades (rotor blades or stator blades) are arranged, with no relative movement between the wall and the blades.

The aerodynamic load capacity and the efficiency of fluid flow machines, such as fans, compressors, pumps and fans, is limited in particular by the growth and separation of boundary layers close to the housing wall.

The state of the art provides only limited solutions to this fundamental problem. There are numerous concepts for supplying fluid to turbine blades, which essentially serve for surface cooling and not boundary layer energization.

For compressors, there are concepts for supplying air to the hub and housing through axially symmetrically arranged slots in order to influence the wall boundary layers there. The air is taken at or within another downstream row of blades and then returned ( DE 10 2004 030 597 A1 and EP 1 382 855 B1 ) or supplied from the outside by an auxiliary unit.

The general idea of boundary layer control by fluid recycling is thus included in the prior art, However, the known solutions are only partially effective and very limited in their practicality. This is in part due to the fact that the boundary layer flow phenomena occurring in the sidewall region of fluid flow machines are very complex.

The present invention thus relates to blades of fluid flow machines such as fans, compressors, pumps and fans of axial, semi-axial and radial design with gaseous or liquid working medium.

The turbomachine may include one or more stages, each having a rotor and a stator, in some cases the stage is merely formed by a rotor.

The rotor consists of a number of blades, which are connected to the rotating shaft of the machine and deliver energy to the working fluid. The rotor can be designed with or without shroud on the outer blade end.

The stator consists of a number of stationary blades, which can be designed on the hub side as the housing side with a fixed or free blade end.
The rotor drum and the blading are usually surrounded by a housing, in other cases, for. As in propellers or propellers, no housing exists.

The machine may also have a stator in front of the first rotor, a so-called leading wheel. At least one stator or leader wheel may be rotatably supported, other than the stationary fixture, to vary the angle of attack. An adjustment is made for example by a spindle accessible from outside the annular channel. In particular Design, the flow machine can have at least one row of adjustable rotors.

Alternatively, the turbomachine according to the invention may have two counter-rotating shafts in multiple stages, so that the rotor blade rows change the direction of rotation from stage to stage. There are no stators between successive rotors.

Finally, the fluid flow machine can alternatively have a bypass configuration such that the single-flow annular channel divides behind a certain row of blades into two concentric annular channels, which in turn accommodate at least one additional row of blades.

According to the invention, the invention relates to a fluid flow machine, with which work is applied to the flow medium.

If the fluid to be recycled is removed at a location of the fluid flow machine which has an energetically significantly higher level, the efficiency drops as a result of a multiple supply of work on the same fluid. In addition, the transfer paths in the usual recirculation of fluid between different rows of blades are usually long and thus cause correspondingly high pressure losses.

The invention has for its object to provide a fluid flow machine of the type mentioned, which has a simple structure and simple, cost-effective manufacturability improved flow behavior and increased efficiency.

According to the invention the object is achieved by the feature combination of the main claim, the subclaims show further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

In detail, the invention thus relates to a scoop row internal, shortest possible fluid return or a fluid return passage through the side wall of the relevant row of blades in the region of a blade end, without a circumferentially extending relative movement between the blade and the main flow path limiting side wall, wherein the removal point in the region of the blade trailing edge or the blade pressure side is provided and the supply point has proximity to the blade suction side.

Thus, according to the invention, a fluid flow machine is provided with a flow path which is delimited by at least one wall on which at least one row of blades with a fixed connection is arranged. In this case, at least one fluid removal opening and at least one fluid supply opening are arranged in the wall in a region of a row of blades, which are connected by at least one fluid return path, wherein the extent of the fluid supply opening in the circumferential direction is less than the distance between two adjacent blades.

The fluid return according to the invention gains in particular effectiveness if the flow deflection of the relevant blade row assumes a high degree of more than 35 °.

According to the invention, it is thus provided to carry out the flow recycling in the region of a blade or blade row. This results in short flow paths for fluid recycling. Furthermore, by considering the Schaufelsaugseite and the blade pressure side targeted optimization of the flow behavior can be achieved.

In the turbomachine according to the invention thus a high degree of space-saving edge flow control is achieved, which allows a significant reduction in construction and cost. Depending on the degree of utilization of the concept, improvements in efficiency of up to 1% are possible.

• der Flächenschwerpunkt der Fluidzufuhröffnung in Meridianströmugsrichtung betrachtet stromauf des Flächenschwerpunktes der Fluidentnahmeöffnung vorgesehen ist,
• die Fluidzufuhröffnung wenigstens teilweise stromab der Vorderkantenebene der Schaufelreihe vorgesehen ist,
• der Fluidrückführweg an einer Rotorschaufelreihe und/oder Statorschaufelreihe, bestehend aus einzelnen Schaufeln mit einer Schaufelplattform angeordnet ist, wobei die die Rotorschaufeln haltende Rotortrommel und/oder das die Statorschaufeln haltende Gehäuse und die Schaufelplattform mindestens einen neben dem Hauptströmungspfad angeordneten Hohlraum bilden und in mindestens einer Schaufelplattform mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad verbindet,
• in mindestens einer Schaufelplattform mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung vorgesehen ist, welche den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• zwischen mindestens einer Schaufelplattform und der Rotortrommel (3) und/oder dem Gehäuse mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad (2) mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• zumindest eine Schaufel der Schaufelreihe (6, 7) um eine Schaufelverdrehachse verstellbar ist, wobei im Gehäuse und/oder der Rotortrommel (3) mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) angeordneter und von der Schaufelverdrehachse durchdrungener Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, wobei in mindestens einer Schaufelpassage mindestens eine Fluidzuführöffnung (10) und/oder mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) vorgesehen sind, um Hauptströmungspfad (2) und Hohlraum zu verbinden,
• die Wandung teilweise durch ein Innendeckband einer Schaufelreihe (6, 7) gebildet ist, wobei im Innendeckband mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) angeordneter Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, und wobei in mindestens einer Schaufelpassage mindestens eine Fluidzuführöffnung (10) und/oder mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) vorgesehen sind, um Hauptströmungspfad (2) und Hohlraum zu verbinden,
• mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) eine in den Hauptströmungspfad (2) vorstehende gekrümmte Düse umfasst,
• mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) einen in den Hauptströmungspfad vorstehenden gekrümmten Staueinlauf umfasst.

In advantageous embodiments, it is provided that

• the area centroid of the fluid supply opening in meridional flow direction is considered upstream of the centroid of the fluid removal opening,
• the fluid supply opening is provided at least partially downstream of the leading edge plane of the blade row,
• the fluid return path is arranged on a rotor blade row and / or stator blade row consisting of individual blades with a blade platform, the rotor blades holding the rotor blades and / or the housing holding the stator blades and the blade platform forming at least one cavity arranged next to the main flow path and in at least one blade platform at least one fluid supply opening is provided which connects the at least one cavity to the main flow path,
• at least one fluid removal opening is provided in at least one blade platform, which connects the main flow path to the at least one cavity,
• between at least one blade platform and the rotor drum (3) and / or the housing at least one fluid removal opening (9) is formed, which connects the main flow path (2) with the at least one cavity,
• at least one blade of the blade row (6, 7) is adjustable about a blade axis of rotation, wherein in the housing and / or the rotor drum (3) at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged and penetrated by the Schaufelverdrehachse cavity is formed, wherein in at least one blade passage at least one fluid feed opening (10) and / or at least one fluid removal opening (9) are provided to connect main flow path (2) and cavity,
• the wall is partially formed by an inner shroud of a blade row (6, 7), wherein in the inner shroud at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged cavity is formed, and wherein in at least one blade passage at least one Fluidzuführöffnung (10) and / or at least one fluid removal opening (9) are provided to connect main flow path (2) and cavity,
• at least one fluid supply opening (10) comprises a curved nozzle projecting into the main flow path (2),
• at least one fluid removal opening (9) comprises a curved accumulation inlet projecting into the main flow path.

1. a.) die Seitenwand an mindestens eine der Schaufelreihen derart angrenzt, dass zwischen der Seitenwand und den Schaufelenden der Schaufelreihe in Umfangsrichtung keine Relativbewegung vorgesehen ist,
2. b.) in der Seitenwand im Bereich mindestens eines der Schaufelenden ohne Relativbewegung zwischen Schaufel und Seitenwand Mittel zur schaufelreiheninternen Fluidrückführung vorgesehen sind,
3. c.) besagte Mittel der schaufelreiheninternen Fluidrückführung mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung innerhalb einer im Wesentlichen an der Schaufeldruckseite konzentrierten Zone der Seitenwand, mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung innerhalb einer im Wesentlichen an der Schaufelsaugseite konzentrierten Zone der Seitenwand und mindestens einen Fluidrückführweg in der Seitenwand umfassen, wobei der Fluidrückführweg mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung mit mindestens einer Zufuhröffnung verbindet,
4. d.) vorgesehene Fluidzufuhröffnungen nur an einen Teil des Umfangs der Strömungarbeitsmaschine angeordnet sind,

insbesondere, wenn

• die mit Mittel zur Fluidrückführung versehene Schaufelreihe in mindestens einem ihrer Schaufelschnitte eine Profilwölbung, d.h., einen Winkelunterschied der an die Profilskelettlinie an der Vorder- und Hinterkante angelegten Tangenten, von mindestens 35° besitzt,
• mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung innerhalb der umfassenden Entnahmezone EA1 vorgesehen ist,
• mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung innerhalb der umfassenden Zufuhrzone IA1 vorgesehen ist,
• mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung innerhalb der eingeschränkten Entnahmezone EA2 vorgesehen ist,
• mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung innerhalb der eingeschränkten Zufuhrzone IA2 vorgesehen ist,
• die in einer Schaufelpassage vorgesehenen Fluidentnahmeöffnungen und Fluidzufuhröffnungen auf unterschiedlichen Seiten der Schaufelpassagenmittellinie angeordnet sind,
• mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung mit einer Zufuhröffnung in einer anderen Schaufelpassage verbindet,
• mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung mit einer Zufuhröffnung in der selben Schaufelpassage verbindet,
• die Fluidrückführung an einer Rotorschaufelreihe, bestehend aus einzelnen Schaufeln mit Schaufelplattform und Umfangsfuß, vorgesehen ist, wobei die die Rotorschaufeln haltende Rotortrommel und die Rotorschaufelplattformen mindestens einen neben dem Hauptströmungspfad angeordneten Hohlraum bilden und in mindestens einer Rotorschaufelplattform mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad verbindet,
• in mindestens einer Rotorschaufelplattform mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• zwischen mindestens einer Rotorschaufelplattform und der Rotortrommel mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• die Fluidrückführung an einer Statorschaufelreihe, bestehend aus einzelnen Schaufel mit Schaufelplattform und Umfangsfuß, vorgesehen ist, das die Statorschaufeln haltende Gehäuse und die Statorschaufelplattformen mindestens einen neben dem Hauptströmungspfad angeordneten Hohlraum bilden und in mindestens einer Statorschaufelplattform mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad verbindet,
• in mindestens einer Statorschaufelplattform mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• zwischen mindestens einer Statorschaufelplattform und dem Gehäuse mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• die Fluidrückführung am äußeren Ende einer Statorschaufelreihe mit im Gehäuse verdrehbar gelagerten Schaufeln vorgesehen ist, im Gehäuse mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad angeordneter und von der Schaufelverdrehachse durchdrungener Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, in mindestens einer Statorschaufelpassage mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad verbindet, und in mindestens einer Statorschaufelpassage mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung vorgesehen ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• die Fluidrückführung am Innendeckband einer Statorschaufelreihe mit festen oder auch verdrehbar gelagerten Schaufeln vorgesehen ist, im Innendeckband mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad angeordneter Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, in mindestens einer Statorschaufelpassage mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad verbindet, und in mindestens einer Statorschaufelpassage mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung vorgesehen ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet,
• mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung eine im Wesentlichen tangential entlang der Seitenwand gerichteten Fluidstrahl erzeugt,
• mindestens eine Zufuhröffnung die Form einer mit der Oberfläche bündigen oder auch in den in den Hauptströmungspfad vorstehenden, idealerweise in ihrem Verlauf gekrümmten Düse aufweist,
• mindestens eine Entnahmeöffnung die Form eines in den Hauptströmungspfad vorstehenden, idealerweise in seinem Verlauf gekrümmten Staueinlaufes aufweist,
• mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg zur Aufteilung des rezirkulierten Fluid auf mehrere Zufuhröffnungen mindestens eine Verzweigung aufweist,
• mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg wenigstens in einem Teil seines Verlaufs eine in Strömungsrichtung kontinuierlich kontrahierenden Querschnitt aufweist,
• die Summe der Querschnittsflächen aller Entnahmeöffnungen größer ist als die Summe der Querschnittsflächen aller Zufuhröffnungen.

According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if, in a turbomachine with at least one row of rotor or stator blades and a side wall formed by a housing or a hub contour of the main flow path of the turbomachine:

1. a.) the side wall adjoins at least one of the blade rows such that no relative movement is provided between the side wall and the blade ends of the blade row in the circumferential direction,
2. b.) are provided in the side wall in the region of at least one of the blade ends without relative movement between the blade and side wall means for scoop internal fluid return,
3. c.) said in-line fluid return means comprises at least one fluid removal port within a zone of the side wall substantially concentrated at the blade pressure side, at least one delivery port within a substantially suction side concentrated zone of the side wall, and at least one fluid return path in the side wall connecting a removal opening with at least one supply opening,
4. d.) provided fluid supply openings are arranged only on a part of the circumference of the flow working machine,

especially if

• the blade row provided with fluid return means in at least one of its blade sections a profile curvature, ie, having an angular difference of at least 35 ° of the tangents applied to the profile skeleton line at the leading and trailing edges,
• at least one fluid removal opening is provided within the comprehensive removal zone EA1,
• at least one fluid supply opening is provided within the comprehensive supply zone IA1,
• at least one fluid removal opening is provided within the restricted extraction zone EA2,
• at least one fluid supply opening is provided within the restricted supply zone IA2,
• the fluid intake openings and fluid supply openings provided in a vane passage are disposed on different sides of the vane passage centerline,
• at least one fluid return path connects at least one bleed port to a feed port in another blade passage,
• at least one fluid return path connects at least one discharge port to a supply port in the same vane passage,
• the fluid return is provided on a rotor blade row consisting of individual blades with blade platform and peripheral foot, wherein the rotor blades holding the rotor blades and the rotor blade platforms at least one next to the Arranged in the main flow path arranged cavity and in at least one rotor blade platform at least one supply opening is provided, which connects the at least one cavity with the main flow path,
• at least one removal opening is formed in at least one rotor blade platform, which connects the main flow path to the at least one cavity,
• between at least one rotor blade platform and the rotor drum is formed at least one removal opening which connects the main flow path with the at least one cavity,
• the fluid recirculation is provided on a stator blade row consisting of a single blade with blade platform and peripheral foot, the housing forming the stator blades and the Statorschaufelplattformen at least one arranged next to the main flow path cavity and in at least one Statorschaufelplattform at least one supply port is provided, the at least one cavity connects to the main flow path,
• at least one discharge opening is formed in at least one stator blade platform, which connects the main flow path to the at least one cavity,
• between at least one stator blade platform and the housing at least one removal opening is formed, which connects the main flow path with the at least one cavity,
• the fluid return is provided at the outer end of a Statorschaufelreihe with rotatably mounted in the housing blades, in the housing at least one arranged adjacent to the main flow path and penetrated by the Schaufelverdrehachse cavity is provided in at least one Statorschaufelpassage at least one feed opening, the at least one cavity with the Main flow path connects, and in at least one Statorschaufelpassage at least one removal opening is provided, which connects the main flow path with the at least one cavity,
• the fluid recirculation is provided on the inner shroud of a stator blade row with fixed or rotatably mounted blades, in the inner shroud at least one arranged next to the main flow path cavity is provided in at least one Statorschaufelpassage at least one supply port which connects the at least one cavity with the main flow path, and in at least one Statorschaufelpassage is provided at least one discharge opening, which connects the main flow path with the at least one cavity,
• at least one feed opening generates a fluid jet directed substantially tangentially along the side wall,
• at least one feed opening in the form of a flush with the surface or in the in the Main flow path projecting, ideally curved in its course nozzle,
• at least one discharge opening has the shape of a flow inlet which protrudes into the main flow path and, preferably, curves in its course,
• at least one fluid return path for dividing the recirculated fluid into a plurality of feed openings has at least one branch,
• at least one fluid return path has a cross section which continuously contracts in the flow direction at least in part of its course,
• the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all removal openings is greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all supply openings.

Fig. 1:

eine Skizze einer Strömungsarbeitsmaschine am Beispiel eines Verdichters;

Fig. 2:

den Stand der Technik mit Rückführung von Schaufelreihe zu Schaufelreihe;

Fig. 3:

den Stand der Technik mit Gehäusestrukturierung (Casing Treatment);

Fig. 4:

eine erfindungsgemäße Entnahmezone bei Seitenwand-Fluidrückführung;

Fig. 5:

eine erfindungsgemäße Zufuhrzone bei Seitenwand-Fluidrückführung;

Fig. 6:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung am festen Schaufelende, innerhalb einer Schaufelpassage via Einzelöffnungen;

Fig. 7:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung am festen Schaufelende, von Schaufelpassage zu Schaufelpassage via Einzelöffnungen;

Fig. 8:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung am festen Schaufelende, von Austritt zu Schaufelpassage via Einzelöffnungen;

Fig. 9:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung am festen Schaufelende, von Austritt zu Schaufelpassage via Umfangskammer;

Fig. 10:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am Beispiel eines Rotors mit Plattform und Umfangsfuß;

Fig. 11:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am Beispiel eines Stators mit Plattform und Umfangsfuß;

Fig. 12:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am Beispiel eines Stators mit Plattform und Umfangsfuß, Variante mit Entnahme via Staueinlauf;

Fig. 13:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am Beispiel eines Stators mit Nabendeckband, Variante mit Entnahme via Staueinlauf;

Fig. 14:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am verdrehbar gelagerten Schaufelende, von Schaufelpassage zu Schaufelpassage via Einzelöffnungen; und

Fig. 15:

eine erfindungsgemäße Fluidrückführung, am Beispiel eines Verstellstators.

In the following the invention will be described by means of embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Showing:

Fig. 1:

a sketch of a flow machine on the example of a compressor;

Fig. 2:

the prior art with return of blade row to blade row;

3:

the state of the art with casing structuring (casing treatment);

4:

a removal zone according to the invention in sidewall fluid recycling;

Fig. 5:

a feed zone according to the invention in sidewall fluid recycling;

Fig. 6:

a fluid return according to the invention at the fixed blade end, within a blade passage via individual openings;

Fig. 7:

a fluid return according to the invention at the fixed blade end, from blade passage to blade passage via individual openings;

Fig. 8:

a fluid return according to the invention at the fixed blade end, from outlet to blade passage via individual openings;

Fig. 9:

a fluid return according to the invention at the fixed blade end, from outlet to blade passage via peripheral chamber;

Fig. 10:

a fluid return according to the invention, the example of a rotor with platform and peripheral foot;

Fig. 11:

a fluid return according to the invention, using the example of a stator with platform and peripheral foot;

Fig. 12:

a fluid return according to the invention, using the example of a stator with platform and peripheral foot, variant with removal via accumulation inlet;

Fig. 13:

a fluid return according to the invention, the example of a stator with Nabendeckband, variant with removal via accumulation inlet;

Fig. 14:

a fluid return according to the invention, at the rotatably mounted blade end, from blade passage to blade passage via individual openings; and

Fig. 15:

a fluid return according to the invention, using the example of a variable stator.

The Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fluid flow machine in the meridian view, here the example of a compressor consisting of an annular channel 2, which is bounded on the inside by a hub contour 3 and the outside by a housing contour 1, and with a number of rotor blade rows 6 and stator blade rows 7 within the annular channel 2 or main flow path is equipped. Between the blade rows 6, 7 exist bladder-free spaces. As shown by the large arrow, the turbomachine flows in from the left. The fluid return according to the invention relates to all areas of the side walls (hub 3 or housing 1) in which a blade end is provided without a relative movement between blade row and adjacent side wall, see marked areas.

The Fig. 2 shows different types of fluid recirculation according to the prior art, from blade row to blade row, possibly between blade rows of the same or different type (rotor 6 or stator 7).

The Fig. 3 schematically shows another category of fluid recirculation according to the prior art. These relate all to arrangements of rotors 6 with radial gap and relative movement between the rotor 6 and the surrounding Housing 1. Here, air is recirculated from a location above the rotor 6 to a location near the rotor leading edge.

The Fig. 4 shows on the left side of the area of a blade end without a circumferential relative movement between the blade and the main flow path defining side wall. The fluid return according to the invention provides for the removal and supply of the fluid in fixed zones of the side wall in the region of the respective same blade row. The right side of the Fig. 4 shows the view ZZ, that is, a section through the row of blades with a view of the side wall and located between two blades blade passage in a plane defined by the circumferential direction u and the meridional direction m plane. The flow of the blade row is from the left. Here, two fluid removal zones are defined, both of which are essentially supported on the profile pressure side: a comprehensive removal zone EA1 in which removal is advantageous and a further restricted removal zone EA2 located within EA1 in which removal is particularly favorable.

1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem auf der Profilsaugseite um den Betrag 0,5*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene gelegenen Punkt A und dem gegenüberliegenden Profilvorderkantenpunkt L; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand;
2. b.) die Profildruckseite PS;
3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Hinterkantenpunkt T1 und dem von ihm in Meridionalströmungsrichtung stromab um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt B;
4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt B und dem von ihm bei gleicher Meridionalkoordinate, aber in Umfangsrichtung und in Richtung der benachbarten Saugseite um die Schaufelteilung SO versetzt gelegenen Punkt C;
5. e.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt C und dem bei dieser Meridionalkoordinate befindlichen Hinterkantenpunkt T2;
6. f.) den hinteren Teil der Profilsaugseite SS zwischen dem Hinterkantenpunkt T2 und dem Punkt A.

The comprehensive extraction zone EA1 is limited by:

1. a.) a straight-line connection between the point A located on the profile suction side by the amount 0.5 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and the opposite profile leading edge point L; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall;
2. b.) the profile pressure side PS;
3. c.) a straight line connection between the trailing edge point T1 and that of him in Meridional flow direction downstream by the amount 0.3 * CM remote point B;
4. d.) a straight-line connection between the point B and the point C offset from it by the same meridional coordinate, but offset in the circumferential direction and in the direction of the adjacent suction side about the blade pitch SO;
5. e.) a straight-line connection between the point C and the trailing edge point T2 located at this meridional coordinate;
6. f.) the rear part of the profile suction side SS between the trailing edge point T2 and the point A.

1. a.) einen Teil der Profildruckseite im Bereich zwischen der Hinterkantenebene und einer in meridionaler Richtung um 0,75*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene gelegenen Ebene;
2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen den Punkten D und E, wobei der Punkt D in meridionaler Richtung um 0,75*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,35*SO von der Druckseite PS entfernt liegt und der Punkt E in der Hinterkantenebene und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,5*SO von der Druckseite PS entfernt liegt;
3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt D zur Profildruckseite PS;
4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt E zur Hinterkantenpunkt T1.

The restricted extraction zone EA2 is limited by:

1. a.) a portion of the profile pressure side in the region between the trailing edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane;
2. b.) a straight line connection between the points D and E, wherein the point D in the meridional direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and in the circumferential direction by 0.35 * SO from the pressure side PS is removed and the point E in the Trailing edge plane and circumferentially by 0.5 * SO from the pressure side PS away;
3. c.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point D to the profile pressure side PS;
4. d.) a straight line connection in the circumferential direction from the point E to the trailing edge point T1.

The Fig. 5 shows how Fig. 4 on the left side, the area of a blade end without a circumferential relative movement between the blade and the side wall delimiting the main flow path. The right side of the Fig. 5 shows the view ZZ, ie the blade passage in the plane defined by the circumferential direction u and the meridional direction m, now with two fluid supply zones, both of which are substantially supported on the profile suction side: a comprehensive supply zone IA1, in which a supply is advantageous and one within IA1 further restricted supply zone IA2, in which a supply is particularly favorable.

1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L1 und dem von ihm in meridionaler Richtung stromauf um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt F; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand;
2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt F und dem in meridionaler Richtung um den Betrag 0,3*CM stromauf des Vorderkantenpunktes L2 liegenden Punkt G;
3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt G und dem Vorderkantenpunkt L2;
4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L2 und dem Punkt H, der sich in der Hinterkantenebene in einer Entfernung 0,6*SO von der gegenüberliegenden Profilsaugseite befindet;
5. e.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt H und dem Hinterkantenpunkt T;
6. f.) die Profilsaugseite SS.

The comprehensive feed zone IA1 is limited by:

1. a.) a straight-line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the point F upstream of it in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall;
2. b.) a straight-line connection between the point F and the point G in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM upstream of the leading edge point L2;
3. c.) a straight-line connection between the point G and the leading edge point L2;
4. d.) a straight line connection between the leading edge point L2 and the point H located in the trailing edge plane at a distance 0.6 * SO from the opposite profile suction side;
5. e.) a straight-line connection between the point H and the trailing edge point T;
6. f.) The profile suction side SS.

1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L1 und dem von ihm in meridionaler Richtung stromauf um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt F; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand;
2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt F und dem bei selber Meridionalkoordinate befindlichen und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,6*SO von F entfernt liegenden Punkt I;
3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt I und dem um 0,7*CM stromab von der Vorderkantenebene und relativ zum Hinterkantenpunkt T um 0,4*SO in Umfangsrichtung zur benachbarten Profildruckseite hin versetzt angeordneten Punkt J;
4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt J zur Profilsaugseite;
5. e.) einen Teil der Profilsaugseite im Bereich zwischen der Vorderkantenebene und einer in meridionaler Richtung um 0,7*CM stromab der Vorderkantenebene gelegenen Ebene.

The restricted feed zone IA2 is limited by:

1. a.) a straight-line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the point F upstream of it in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall;
2. b.) a rectilinear connection between the point F and the point I located at even meridional coordinate and in the circumferential direction by 0.6 * SO away from F;
3. c.) a straight line connection between the point I and the point J offset by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane and relative to the trailing edge point T by 0.4 * SO in the circumferential direction to the adjacent profile pressure side;
4. d.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point J to the profile suction side;
5. e.) a part of the profile suction side in the area between the leading edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane level.

The Fig. 6 shows a scoop internal fluid return according to the invention. The left image side shows the arrangement in the meridional plane, spanned by the axial coordinate x and the radial coordinate r. In the area of the side wall of the illustrated row of blades, a flow path is provided which allows a fluid return from a single opening in the removal zone according to the invention to a single opening in the feed zone according to the invention. Of the Rückführströmungsweg is shown in dashed lines, as it extends over a portion of the circumference, which is not fully representable in this view. Further features of the fluid recycling can be seen in the right part of the picture. There the arrangement is shown in the view ZZ. Fluid may enter from the main flowpath of the fluid flow machine into an orifice near the tread pressure side of a vane, is directed through a flow channel to the vicinity of the tread suction side of the adjacent vane, and there is supplied to the main flowpath substantially tangential to the sidewall. It is advantageous according to the invention that the removal opening has a larger cross-sectional area than the supply opening and in this way a continuous contraction of the return flow path is possible.

The solution according to the invention with a single feed opening is shown with thick lines, however, as indicated by thin dotted lines, also exist at least one branch of the Rückführströmungsweges for supplying at least one further feed opening, all supply openings are provided in the feed zone according to the invention.

In Fig. 7 an alternative solution according to the invention for fluid recycling is shown. Here, fluid from the main flow path of the fluid flow machine enters an opening in the vicinity of the profile pressure side of a blade, is guided through a flow channel in the vicinity of the profile suction side of the same blade and fed there substantially tangentially to the side wall of the main flow path. When viewed in the plane defined by the circumferential direction u and the meridional direction m (see right part of FIG Fig. 7 ), the return flow path and the contour of the airfoil intersect. In addition, in the right part of the picture is the Center line of the passage between two adjacent blade profiles drawn. According to the invention, it is particularly favorable if, in a blade passage, the removal opening there and the supply opening there are arranged on different sides of the passage center line. Furthermore, it is particularly effective according to the invention if the area center of gravity of the fluid supply opening designated CGI is arranged in the meridional flow direction m upstream of the centroid of the fluid removal opening designated CGE. In addition, it is favorable according to the invention if the fluid supply opening is provided at least partially downstream of the leading edge plane LEP. Again, though not in anymore Fig. 7 illustrated, at least one branch of the return flow path for supplying at least one further feed opening exists.

The Fig. 8 shows a similar arrangement of fluid recycling as Fig. 7 However, here is a removal not provided in the blade passage, but downstream of the trailing edge.

The Fig. 9 shows a similar arrangement of fluid recycling as Fig. 8 but here removal is provided downstream of the trailing edge by means of a chamber extending over the entire circumference of the main flow path, from which individual channels for supplying a plurality of feed openings depart in the further return flow path.

The Fig. 10 shows a solution according to the invention for fluid recycling using the example of a rotor with blade platform and blade circumference feet. The rotor blades are mounted in a hub with the hub and blade platform forming a chamber outside the main flowpath. In the blade platform are each a removal opening and a Supply port provided, between which fluid can be replaced by the chamber below the platform. The supply port is formed here as a nozzle projecting into the main flow path.

The Fig. 11 shows a solution according to the invention for fluid recycling using the example of a stator with blade platform and blade circumference feet. The stator blades are mounted in a housing with the housing and paddle platform forming a chamber outside of the main flowpath. In the blade platform, a removal opening and a supply opening are provided, between which fluid can be replaced by the chamber above the platform. The feed opening is here designed as a nozzle projecting into the main flow path.

The Fig. 12 shows a similar arrangement as Fig. 11 However, here is the removal opening formed as a projecting into the main flow path accumulation.

The Fig. 13 also shows fluid recirculation on the stator now on both the housing side and the hub side of the main flow path. On the hub side, the stator has an inner cover strip, which performs a rotating relative movement with respect to the rotor drum surrounded by it. A connection of extraction and supply ports can as in the FIGS. 6 to 9 shown to be provided as a number of individual channels, or as shown in FIG Fig. 13 shown, done by means of a circumferentially extending provided within the shroud chamber. The feed opening is here designed as a nozzle projecting into the main flow path, and the removal opening is designed as a congestion inlet projecting into the main flow path. The view YY shows a Blade section facing the shroud and fluid return ports.

The Fig. 14 shows a solution according to the invention for a fluid return on the example of a rotatably mounted blade end. This may be a compound of rotor blade and hub, a compound of stator blade and housing or a combination of stator blade and inner shroud. The left part of the picture shows the fluid return in the area of the rotatable blade end. The fluid is passed from the removal opening to the supply opening, bypassing the adjustment axis of the blade. Both openings are exemplified here as flush with the main flow path. The view shown in the right half ZZ (blade section with a view of the main flow path wall and the turntable of the blades) shows a possible course of the return path. The blade profiles are shown here in the design position and would move over the openings during adjustment in partial load operation.

The Fig. 15 shows a solution according to the invention for fluid recycling using the example of a variable stator with inner shroud on the hub and rotatable fixation of the blades at both ends. The stator blades are mounted externally in a housing in which a flow chamber is formed, which connects the removal openings with the supply openings. Inside the stator blades are mounted in the shroud, in which also a flow chamber is provided, which connects the discharge openings with the supply openings. Further details of this exemplary arrangement according to the invention shows the view YY in the right half of FIG Fig. 15 ,

1. 1. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine mit einem Strömungspfad (2), welcher durch zumindest eine Wandung begrenzt wird, an welcher zumindest eine Reihe von Schaufeln (6, 7) mit fester Verbindung angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Wandung in einem Bereich einer Schaufelreihe (6, 7) zumindest eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) und zumindest eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) angeordnet sind, welche durch zumindest einen Fluidrückführweg (11) verbunden sind, wobei die Erstreckung der Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) in Umfangsrichtung geringer als der Abstand zweier benachbarter Schaufeln ist.
2. 2. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach Klausel 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schaufelreihe (6, 7) in mindestens einem ihrer Schaufelschnitte eine Profilwölbung mit einem Winkelunterschied der an die Profilskelettlinie an der Vorder- und Hinterkante angelegten Tangenten von mindestens 35° aufweist.
3. 3. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach Klausel 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) innerhalb einer Entnahmezone (EA1) angeordnet ist, wobei die Entnahmezone (EA1) begrenzt wird durch:
   1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem auf der Profilsaugseite um den Betrag 0,5*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene gelegenen Punkt A und dem gegenüberliegenden Profilvorderkantenpunkt L; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand
   2. b.) die Profildruckseite PS;
   3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Hinterkantenpunkt T1 und dem von ihm in Meridionalströmungsrichtung stromab um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt B;
   4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt B und dem von ihm bei gleicher Meridionalkoordinate, aber in Umfangsrichtung und in Richtung der benachbarten Saugseite um die Schaufelteilung SO, versetzt gelegenen Punkt C;
   5. e.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt C und dem bei dieser Meridionalkoordinate befindlichen Hinterkantenpunkt T2;
   6. f.) den hinteren Teil der Profilsaugseite SS zwischen dem Hinterkantenpunkt T2 und dem Punkt A.
4. 4. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach Klausel 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) innerhalb einer Entnahmezone (EA2) angeordnet ist, welche begrenzt wird durch:
   1. a.) einen Teil der Profildruckseite im Bereich zwischen der Hinterkantenebene und einer in meridionaler Richtung um 0,75*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene gelegenen Ebene;
   2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen den Punkten D und E, wobei der Punkt D in meridionaler Richtung um 0,75*CM stromauf der Hinterkantenebene und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,35*SO von der Druckseite PS entfernt liegt und der Punkt E in der Hinterkantenebene und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,5*SO von der Druckseite PS entfernt liegt;
   3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt D zur Profildruckseite PS;
   4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt E zur Hinterkantenpunkt T1.
5. 5. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) innerhalb einer Zufuhrzone (IA1) angeordnet ist, welche begrenzt wird durch:
   1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L1 und dem von ihm in meridionaler Richtung stromauf um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt F; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand;
   2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt F und dem in meridionaler Richtung um den Betrag 0,3*CM stromauf des Vorderkantenpunktes L2 liegenden Punkt G;
   3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt G und dem Vorderkantenpunkt L2;
   4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L2 und dem Punkt H, der sich in der Hinterkantenebene in einer Entfernung 0,6*SO von der gegenüberliegenden Profilsaugseite befindet;
   5. e.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt H und dem Hinterkantenpunkt T;
   6. f.) die Profilsaugseite SS.
6. 6. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach Klausel 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) innerhalb einer Zufuhrzone (IA2) angeordnet ist, welche begrenzt wird durch:
   1. a.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Vorderkantenpunkt L1 und dem von ihm in meridionaler Richtung stromauf um den Betrag 0,3*CM entfernten Punkt F; CM bezeichnet die meridionale Länge des Schaufelprofils an der Seitenwand;
   2. b.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt F und dem bei selber Meridionalkoordinate befindlichen und in Umfangsrichtung um 0,6*SO von F entfernt liegenden Punkt I;
   3. c.) eine geradlinige Verbindung zwischen dem Punkt I und dem um 0,7*CM stromab von der Vorderkantenebene und relativ zum Hinterkantenpunkt T um 0,4*SO in Umfangsrichtung zur benachbarten Profildruckseite hin versetzt angeordneten Punkt J;
   4. d.) eine geradlinige Verbindung in Umfangsrichtung vom Punkt J zur Profilsaugseite;
   5. e.) einen Teil der Profilsaugseite im Bereich zwischen der Vorderkantenebene und einer in meridionaler Richtung um 0,7*CM stromab der Vorderkantenebene gelegenen Ebene.
7. 7. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Flächenschwerpunkt der Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) in Meridianströmungsrichtung betrachtet stromauf des Flächenschwerpunktes der Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) vorgesehen ist.
8. 8. Strömungsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in einer Schaufelpassage vorgesehenen Fluidentnahmeöffnungen (9) und Fluidzufuhröffnungen (10) auf unterschiedlichen Seiten einer Schaufelpassagenmittellinie (8) angeordnet sind.
9. 9. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) wenigstens teilweise stromab der Vorderkantenebene der Schaufelreihe (6, 7) vorgesehen ist.
10. 10. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg (11) mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) mit einer Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) in einer anderen Schaufelpassage verbindet.
11. 11. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Fluidrückführweg (11) mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) mit einer Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) in derselben Schaufelpassage verbindet.
12. 12. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fluidrückführweg (11) an einer Rotorschaufelreihe (6) und/oder Statorschaufelreihe (7), bestehend aus einzelnen Schaufeln mit einer Schaufelplattform angeordnet ist, wobei die die Rotorschaufeln haltende Rotortrommel (3) und/oder das die Statorschaufeln haltende Gehäuse und die Schaufelplattform mindestens einen neben dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) angeordneten Hohlraum bilden und in mindestens einer Schaufelplattform mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) vorgesehen ist, die den mindestens einen Hohlraum mit dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) verbindet.
13. 13. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach Klausel 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in mindestens einer Schaufelplattform mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) ausgebildet ist, welche den Hauptströmungspfad (2) mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet.
14. 14. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der Klauseln 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen mindestens einer Schaufelplattform und der Rotortrommel (3) und/oder dem Gehäuse mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) ausgebildet ist, die den Hauptströmungspfad (2) mit dem mindestens einen Hohlraum verbindet.
15. 15. Strömungsarbeitmaschine nach einer der vorhergehenden Klauseln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Schaufel der Schaufelreihe (6, 7) um eine Schaufelverdrehachse verstellbar ist, wobei im Gehäuse und/oder der Rotortrommel (3) mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) angeordneter und von der Schaufelverdrehachse durchdrungener Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, wobei in mindestens einer Schaufelpassage mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) und/oder mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) vorgesehen sind, um Hauptströmungspfad (2) und Hohlraum zu verbinden.
16. 16. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der vorhergehenden Klauseln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandung teilweise durch ein Innendeckband einer Schaufelreihe (6, 7) gebildet ist, wobei im Innendeckband mindestens ein neben dem Hauptströmungspfad (2) angeordneter Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, und wobei in mindestens einer Schaufelpassage mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) und/oder mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) vorgesehen sind, um Hauptströmungspfad (2) und Hohlraum zu verbinden.
17. 17. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der vorhergehenden Klauseln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Fluidzufuhröffnung (10) eine in den Hauptströmungspfad (2) vorstehende gekrümmte Düse umfasst.
18. 18. Strömungsarbeitsmaschine nach einer der vorhergehenden Klauseln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Fluidentnahmeöffnung (9) einen in den Hauptströmungspfad vorstehenden gekrümmten Staueinlauf umfasst.

In the following, the invention will be explained again by means of clauses:

1. A fluid flow machine having a flow path (2) which is delimited by at least one wall on which at least one row of blades (6, 7) with a fixed connection is arranged, characterized in that in the wall in a region of a row of blades (6 , 7) at least one fluid removal opening (9) and at least one fluid supply opening (10) are arranged, which are connected by at least one fluid return path (11), wherein the extent of the fluid supply opening (10) in the circumferential direction is less than the distance between two adjacent blades.
2. 2. Turbomachine according to clause 1, characterized in that the blade row (6, 7) in at least one of its blade sections has a profile curvature with an angular difference of at the profile skeleton line at the leading and trailing edge tangents of at least 35 °.
3. 3. Fluid flow machine according to clause 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid removal opening (9) within a removal zone (EA1) is arranged, wherein the removal zone (EA1) is limited by:
   1. a.) a straight-line connection between the point A located on the profile suction side by the amount 0.5 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and the opposite profile leading edge point L; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall
   2. b.) the profile pressure side PS;
   3. c.) a straight line connection between the trailing edge point T1 and the point B downstream of it in the meridional flow direction downstream by the amount 0.3 * CM;
   4. d.) a straight-line connection between the point B and the point C offset from it by the same meridional coordinate, but in the circumferential direction and in the direction of the adjacent suction side about the blade pitch SO;
   5. e.) a straight-line connection between the point C and the trailing edge point T2 located at this meridional coordinate;
   6. f.) the rear part of the profile suction side SS between the trailing edge point T2 and the point A.
4. 4. Fluid working machine according to clause 3, characterized in that the fluid removal opening (9) within a removal zone (EA2) is arranged, which is limited by:
   1. a.) a portion of the profile pressure side in the region between the trailing edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane;
   2. b.) a straight line connection between the points D and E, wherein the point D in the meridional direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and in the circumferential direction by 0.35 * SO from the pressure side PS is removed and the point E in the Trailing edge plane and circumferentially by 0.5 * SO from the pressure side PS away;
   3. c.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point D to the profile pressure side PS;
   4. d.) a straight line connection in the circumferential direction from the point E to the trailing edge point T1.
5. 5. Fluid flow machine according to one of the clauses 1 to 4, characterized in that the fluid supply opening (10) within a feed zone (IA1) is arranged, which is limited by:
   1. a.) a straight-line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the point F upstream of it in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall;
   2. b.) a straight-line connection between the point F and the point G in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM upstream of the leading edge point L2;
   3. c.) a straight-line connection between the point G and the leading edge point L2;
   4. d.) a straight line connection between the leading edge point L2 and the point H located in the trailing edge plane at a distance 0.6 * SO from the opposite profile suction side;
   5. e.) a straight-line connection between the point H and the trailing edge point T;
   6. f.) The profile suction side SS.
6. 6. Fluid flow machine according to clause 5, characterized in that the fluid supply opening (10) within a feed zone (IA2) is arranged, which is limited by:
   1. a.) a straight line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the upstream of it in meridionaler direction by the amount of 0.3 * CM removed Point F; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall;
   2. b.) a rectilinear connection between the point F and the point I located at even meridional coordinate and in the circumferential direction by 0.6 * SO away from F;
   3. c.) a straight line connection between the point I and the point J offset by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane and relative to the trailing edge point T by 0.4 * SO in the circumferential direction to the adjacent profile pressure side;
   4. d.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point J to the profile suction side;
   5. e.) a part of the profile suction side in the area between the leading edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane level.
7. 7. turbomachine according to one of clauses 1 to 6, characterized in that the centroid of the fluid supply opening (10) viewed in meridian flow direction upstream of the centroid of the fluid removal opening (9) is provided.
8. 8. Turbomachine according to one of the clauses 1 to 7, characterized in that the provided in a blade passage fluid removal openings (9) and fluid supply openings (10) on different sides of a Schaufelpassagenmittellinie (8) are arranged.
9. 9. turbomachine according to one of the clauses 1 to 8, characterized in that the fluid supply opening (10) at least partially downstream of the leading edge plane of the blade row (6, 7) is provided.
10. 10. Fluid working machine according to one of the clauses 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one fluid return path (11) connects at least one fluid removal opening (9) with a fluid supply opening (10) in another blade passage.
11. 11. Fluid flow machine according to one of the clauses 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one fluid return path (11) connects at least one fluid removal opening (9) with a fluid supply opening (10) in the same blade passage.
12. 12. Fluid flow machine according to one of the clauses 1 to 11, characterized in that the fluid return path (11) on a rotor blade row (6) and / or Statorschaufelreihe (7), consisting of individual blades is arranged with a blade platform, wherein the rotor blades holding the rotor drum (3) and / or the stator blades housing and the blade platform at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged cavity and in at least one blade platform at least one fluid supply port (10) is provided, the at least one cavity with the main flow path (2) combines.
13. 13. turbomachine according to clause 12, characterized in that in at least one blade platform at least one fluid removal opening (9) is formed, which connects the main flow path (2) with the at least one cavity.
14. 14. Fluid flow machine according to one of the clauses 12 or 13, characterized in that between at least one blade platform and the rotor drum (3) and / or the Housing at least one fluid removal opening (9) is formed, which connects the main flow path (2) with the at least one cavity.
15. 15. Turbomachine according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that at least one blade of the blade row (6, 7) about a blade axis of rotation is adjustable, wherein in the housing and / or the rotor drum (3) at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged and formed in at least one blade passage at least one fluid supply opening (10) and / or at least one fluid removal opening (9) are provided to connect the main flow path (2) and cavity.
16. 16. turbomachine according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the wall is partially formed by an inner shroud of a blade row (6, 7), wherein in the inner shroud at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged cavity is formed, and wherein at least one Blade passage at least one fluid supply port (10) and / or at least one fluid removal opening (9) are provided to connect the main flow path (2) and cavity.
17. 17. A fluid flow machine according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that at least one fluid supply opening (10) comprises a curved nozzle projecting into the main flow path (2).
18. 18. Turbomachine according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that at least one Fluid removal opening (9) comprises a curved in the main flow path curved accumulation inlet.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

casing

2

Annular channel / flow path / main flow path

3

Rotor drum / hub

4

machine axis

5

inlet guide vane

6

Rotor / rotor blade / rotor blade row

7

Stator / stator / stator blade

8th

Passages centerline

9

Fluid removal opening

10

Fluid supply port

11

Fluid channel / Fluidrückführweg

Claims (15)

A fluid flow machine having a flow path (2) bounded by at least one wall on which at least one row of fixed connection blades (6, 7) is arranged, characterized in that in the wall in a region of a row of blades (6, 7 ) at least one fluid removal opening (9) and at least one fluid supply opening (10) are arranged, which are connected by at least one Fluidrückführweg (11), wherein the extent of the fluid supply opening (10) in the circumferential direction is less than the distance between two adjacent blades. Turbomachinery according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade row (6, 7) in at least one of its blade sections has a profile curvature with an angular difference of at least 35 ° applied to the profile skeleton line at the leading and trailing edges tangents. Turbomachine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid removal opening (9) is arranged within a removal zone (EA1), the removal zone (EA1) being limited by: a.) a straight-line connection between the point A located on the profile suction side by the amount 0.5 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and the opposite profile leading edge point L; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall b.) the profile pressure side PS; c.) a straight line connection between the trailing edge point T1 and the point B downstream of it in the meridional flow direction downstream by the amount 0.3 * CM; d.) a straight-line connection between the point B and the point C offset from it by the same meridional coordinate, but offset in the circumferential direction and in the direction of the adjacent suction side about the blade pitch SO; e.) a straight-line connection between the point C and the trailing edge point T2 located at this meridional coordinate; f.) the rear part of the profile suction side SS between the trailing edge point T2 and the point A. Turbomachine according to claim 3, characterized in that the fluid removal opening (9) is located within a withdrawal zone (EA2) limited by: a.) a portion of the profile pressure side in the region between the trailing edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane; b.) a straight line connection between the points D and E, wherein the point D in the meridional direction by 0.75 * CM upstream of the trailing edge plane and in the circumferential direction by 0.35 * SO from the pressure side PS is removed and the point E in the Trailing edge plane and circumferentially by 0.5 * SO from the pressure side PS away; c.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point D to the profile pressure side PS; d.) a straight line connection in the circumferential direction from the point E to the trailing edge point T1. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fluid supply opening (10) is arranged within a feed zone (IA1) which is delimited by: a.) a straight-line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the point F upstream of it in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall; b.) a straight-line connection between the point F and the point G in the meridional direction by the amount 0.3 * CM upstream of the leading edge point L2; c.) a straight-line connection between the point G and the leading edge point L2; d.) a straight line connection between the leading edge point L2 and the point H located in the trailing edge plane at a distance 0.6 * SO from the opposite profile suction side; e.) a straight-line connection between the point H and the trailing edge point T; f.) The profile suction side SS. A turbomachine according to claim 5, characterized in that the fluid supply port (10) is disposed within a supply zone (IA2) bounded by: a.) a straight line connection between the leading edge point L1 and the upstream of it in meridionaler direction by the amount of 0.3 * CM removed Point F; CM denotes the meridional length of the blade profile on the side wall; b.) a rectilinear connection between the point F and the point I located at even meridional coordinate and in the circumferential direction by 0.6 * SO away from F; c.) a straight line connection between the point I and the point J offset by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane and relative to the trailing edge point T by 0.4 * SO in the circumferential direction to the adjacent profile pressure side; d.) a rectilinear connection in the circumferential direction from the point J to the profile suction side; e.) a part of the profile suction side in the area between the leading edge plane and a lying in meridionaler direction by 0.7 * CM downstream of the leading edge plane level. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the area center of gravity of the fluid supply opening (10) viewed in the meridian flow direction upstream of the centroid of the fluid removal opening (9) is provided. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the provided in a blade passage fluid removal openings (9) and fluid supply openings (10) on different sides of a blade passage center line (8) are arranged. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fluid supply opening (10) at least partially downstream of the leading edge plane of the blade row (6, 7) is provided. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one Fluidrückführweg (11) connects at least one fluid removal opening (9) with a fluid supply port (10) in another blade passage. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one fluid return path (11) connects at least one fluid removal opening (9) with a fluid supply opening (10) in the same blade passage. Turbomachine according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Fluidrückführweg (11) on a rotor blade row (6) and / or Statorschaufelreihe (7), consisting of individual blades is arranged with a blade platform, wherein the rotor blades holding the rotor drum (3 ) and / or the stator blades holding housing and the blade platform at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged cavity and in at least one blade platform at least one fluid supply port (10) is provided, which connects the at least one cavity with the main flow path (2). Turbomachine according to claim 12, characterized in that in at least one blade platform at least one fluid removal opening (9) is formed, which connects the main flow path (2) with the at least one cavity. Turbomachine according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that between at least one blade platform and the rotor drum (3) and / or the Housing at least one fluid removal opening (9) is formed, which connects the main flow path (2) with the at least one cavity. Turbomachine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one blade of the blade row (6, 7) is adjustable about a blade axis of rotation, wherein in the housing and / or the rotor drum (3) at least one next to the main flow path (2) arranged and of the Vane rotation axis penetrated cavity is formed, wherein in at least one blade passage at least one fluid supply opening (10) and / or at least one fluid removal opening (9) are provided to connect the main flow path (2) and cavity.

Images