EP2176620B1 - Shot with a guide cage and pusher plate with acceleration-optimized opening - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a subcaliber projectile, particularly for a dart projectile, having a resistance-stabilizing, conically designed guide mechanism having a frustum-shaped recess, wherein a guide cage has a substantially hollow cylindrical design in which a propulsion element is integrated therein on a rear side. To allow the propulsion element to be produced in a simple fashion and the guide cage to be lighter weight than comparable known drive cages, the propulsion element is designed substantially only as a disk-shaped metal plate extending transverse to the longitudinal axis of the guide cage, wherein the drive element is mounted on an edge in an annular groove-shaped recess of the inner wall of the guide cage, wherein the disk-shaped metal plate comprises a central through hole, the diameter of which is as large as possible, but smaller than the maximum diameter of the frustum-shaped recess of the guide mechanism.

Description

The invention relates to a projectile, in particular a subcaliber arrowhead, with a resistance-stabilizing, conically shaped tail unit with a frusto-conical recess.

Subcaliber projectiles in practice have a sabot for pulling the projectile through the weapon barrel and thus for transmitting power from the sabot to the projectile.

Such a sabot is for example from the DE 43 30 417 C2 known. It comprises a segmented, essentially hollow-cylindrical guide cage and a drive element arranged on the rear side on the guide cage. The drive element is formed by a metal plate which has substantially the contour of the frustoconical recess of the tail and has a relatively small through hole to ignite the pressure-initiatable, rear side arranged in the projectile tracer set when shooting the projectile.

A disadvantage of this known sabot are the relatively complex production of the drive element and the high weight (and thus the high Totlastanteil) of this drive element.

From the DE 37 35 481 A1 Furthermore, a sub-caliber shotgun projectile with a full-cone-shaped end region is known, which is arranged in a sabot, the rear side of a massive, disk-shaped metal plate containing as a driving element. This metal plate is screwed into a segmented, cylindrical guide cage.

Also, this known drive element has a high weight and requires for connection to the guide cage a relatively high installation costs.

From the DE 33 18 972 A1 Finally, a sabot for a sub-caliber twist projectile is known, comprising a guide cage and connected thereto, cup-shaped drive element. In this case, the bottom of the drive element on a relatively thick wall thickness and has a through hole, so that the propellant gases can also act directly on the back flat end face of the projectile when firing the corresponding ammunition. The side walls of the driving element extend over more than 20% of the length of the entire spiral projectile. Also, this cup-shaped drive element is relatively expensive to produce and has a high weight.

The invention has for its object to provide a way in which the drive element is easy to manufacture and has a lower weight than comparable known sabots.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

The invention is based essentially on the idea that a driving element is arranged behind the projectile, which is structurally designed such that it pushes the projectile through a gun barrel or barrel and not as is drawn by a sabot from the barrel. The drive element is formed only as a transverse to the longitudinal axis of acting only as a cage guide cage-shaped preferably metal plate, which is peripherally mounted in a ringnutenförmigen recess of the inner wall of the guide cage, wherein the disc-shaped metal plate has a central through hole whose diameter is as large as possible is smaller than the maximum diameter of the inner cone of the frustoconical recess of the tail. The inclusion of such a built-pusher plate uses the gas pressure for the acceleration of the projectile in addition to the plate and drives the projectile through the barrel. The guide cage thus only has the function of guiding the subcaliber and can be made lighter than conventional sabots. Especially with practice bullets, this means that lighter practice bullets can be offered.

Such, designed as a separate annular disk driving element is easy to manufacture and has a low weight. In addition, it can be, in particular when using a plastic guide cage, by encapsulation of its edge, with the material used in the manufacture of the guide cage, connect with this in a simple manner. The largest possible through hole in the annular disk causes the gas pressure forces to act on a much larger area of the conical structure than if they only acted on a closed disc-shaped metal plate.

If a Schlitzkegelleitwerk is used as the tail, in the edge oblique groove-shaped slots are introduced to impart the projectile after launching a certain balancing twist, the diameter of the through hole of the disc-shaped metal plate is to be chosen such that it is smaller than the maximum diameter of not Slotted frustoconical recess of the tail. This avoids that propellant charge gases can escape laterally through the slot-shaped slots when shooting the sabot projectile.

In order to ensure a good centering of the subcaliber projectile, it has proved to be advantageous if the disc-shaped metal plate has on its side facing the tail of the corresponding projectile a recess for positive reception of the rear end portion of the tail.

The disc-shaped metal plate may preferably consist of a light metal, for example an aluminum or a magnesium alloy, but also of steel. It can be used both to accelerate sub-caliber battle shells and to accelerate sub-caliber practice bullets.

For projectiles in which the guide cage is connected via a sleeve cover with the sleeve of the drive part, may preferably be provided that the disc-shaped metal plate has a tubular rear side for frictional connection with the sleeve cover, the neck is overmolded with the material of the sleeve cover.

Proposed is a kind of pusher plate with acceleration-optimized opening.

Fig. 1 und 2

Längsschnitte durch zwei Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemäßer Treib- käfige mit darin angeordneten Pfeilgeschossen.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 and 2

Longitudinal sections through two embodiments of inventive drive cages with arranged therein shotguns.

In Fig.1 is denoted by 1 a projectile, which is, for example, a 120 mm training projectile, which can be fired from a tank cannon. The projectile comprises a subcaliber arrowhead 2, for example made of steel, and a cage 7 partially enclosing the arrowhead 2. The arrowhead 2 has at its rear a conically shaped tail unit (conical structure) 4 with a frustoconical recess 5. In addition, located in the rear end portion of the arrow level 2, a tracer set 6, which is preferably glued.

The cage 7 as a guide cage of the projectile 1 is composed essentially of one consisting of two half-shells (segments), substantially hollow cylindrical, for example, glass fiber reinforced plastic together. The drive element 8 is formed by a transverse to the longitudinal axis 9 of the guide cage 7 (and thus also the arrow level 2) extending disc-shaped metal plate (for example, an aluminum alloy). The drive element 8 is, for example, by encapsulation with the material of the guide cage 7, mounted on the edge side in a ring-groove-shaped recess 10 of the guide cage 7.

The disk-shaped drive element 8 has a central through-hole 11, whose diameter 12 is as large as possible, but smaller than the maximum diameter 13 of the frusto-conical recess 5 of the tail unit 4.

As Fig.1 can be removed, the disc-shaped driving element 8 on its tail 4 of the arrow level 2 side facing a recess 14 for the positive reception of the rear end portion of the tail unit 4.

After shooting down the sabot projectile 1, the propellant gases forming in the corresponding weapon barrel press against the disk-shaped driving element 8 as well on the inner walls of the Kegelleitwerkes 4, so that the dart projectile 2 is accelerated both indirectly via the drive element 8 as well as directly by acting on the inner walls of the tail 4 propellant gases.

In Fig.2 is a further embodiment of a projectile 1 'with inventive guide cage 7' shown. Here are for the components, which should fulfill the same functions as the components of in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the same reference numerals have been used.

As Fig.2 can be removed, the drive element identified there by the reference numeral 80 on the rear side on the disc-shaped metal plate 8 'has a tubular projection 15. At this approach 15 an existing plastic or rubber sleeve cover 16 is molded, which is connected in the assembly of the prefabricated sabot projectile 1 'with the sleeve jacket of a bullet drive member, not shown in a conventional manner.

The reference numeral 17 also groove-shaped slots are marked, which are outside the edge of the conical unit 4 'are introduced to generate the flight of the arrow projectile 2' a balancing spin. However, these slots 17 do not extend into the frusto-conical recess 5, so that the diameter 12 of the through-hole 11 is not influenced by these slots 17.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1,1 '

bullet

2,2 '

Floor, arrow level

4,4 '

Empennage, conical structure

5

frustoconical recess

6

Tracer

7, 7 '

guide cage

8th

Driving element, metal plate

8th'

metal plate

9

longitudinal axis

10

annular groove-shaped recess

11

Through Hole

12

Diameter (through hole)

13

maximum diameter (frustoconical recess)

14

recess

15

approach

16

casing cover

17

slot

80

driving element

Claims (6)

1. Sub-caliber projectile (1; 1'), in particular for a dart projectile (2; 2'), having a drag-stabilizing, conical fin assembly (4, 4') with a truncated-conical recess (5), having the following features:

   a) the projectile (1, 1') has a segmented, essentially hollow-cylindrical guide sabot (7) and a driving element (8; 80), which is connected to the guide sabot (7) at the rear;

   b) the driving element (8; 80) is essentially in the form of a metal plate, which extends transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis (9) of the discarding sabot (3; 3'), is in the form of a disk and is mounted at the edge in a recess (10), which is in the form of a annular groove, in the inner wall of the guide sabot (7);

   c) the driving element (8; 8') has a central aperture hole (11), whose diameter (12) is as large as possible but is less than the maximum diameter (13) of the truncated-conical recess (5) in the fin assembly (4).
2. Projectile according to Claim 1, characterized in that, if the fin assembly (4') is in the form of a slotted conical fin assembly, the diameter (12) of the aperture hole (11) in the driving element (8'), which is in the form of a disk, is less than the maximum diameter of that area of the truncated-conical recess (5) in the fin assembly (4) which is not provided with slots.
3. Projectile according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driving element (8; 8') which is in the form of a disk, has a recess (14) on its side facing the fin assembly (4; 4') of the corresponding projectile, for interlocking accommodation of the rear end area of the fin assembly (4; 4').
4. Projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the driving element (8; 8'), which is in the form of a disk, is composed of a lightweight metal.
5. Projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hollow-cylindrical guide sabot (7) is composed of plastic, preferably of fiber-reinforced polyamide.
6. Projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the driving element (8'), which is in the form of a disk, has a tubular attachment (15) at the rear for force-fitting connection to a casing cover (16), in order to connect the discarding sabot (3') to a projectile drive part.

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