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EP2053344A1 - Energy load with controlled deconfinement and ammunition equipped with such a load - Google Patents

Energy load with controlled deconfinement and ammunition equipped with such a load Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2053344A1
EP2053344A1 EP08167443A EP08167443A EP2053344A1 EP 2053344 A1 EP2053344 A1 EP 2053344A1 EP 08167443 A EP08167443 A EP 08167443A EP 08167443 A EP08167443 A EP 08167443A EP 2053344 A1 EP2053344 A1 EP 2053344A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
envelope
deconfinement
parts
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08167443A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2053344B1 (en
Inventor
Christophe Bar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDA Armements SAS
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TDA Armements SAS
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Publication of EP2053344A1 publication Critical patent/EP2053344A1/en
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Publication of EP2053344B1 publication Critical patent/EP2053344B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/14—Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/20—Packages or ammunition having valves for pressure-equalising; Packages or ammunition having plugs for pressure release, e.g. meltable ; Blow-out panels; Venting arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device comprising a controlled deconfinement energy charge. It also relates to a munition equipped with such a load. It applies in particular for securing ammunition by deconfining the explosive charge.
  • a real case of slow heating may be that of a load placed in a cargo hold near a fire.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to minimize the reaction of a munition subjected to this aggression.
  • the subject of the invention is a device comprising an energetic charge confined in an envelope, characterized in that the charge expands during a phase change to a temperature below its decomposition temperature, the envelope comprises at least two parts connected by a mechanical connection adapted to break under the effect of the internal pressure of the casing caused during a change of phase of the load.
  • the phase change of the load is for example a merger.
  • the two parts deviate from one another after breaking the connection and then maintain for example a constant gap causing an opening of the envelope.
  • the loading comprises trinitrotoluene.
  • the two parts are for example assembled by means of pins.
  • the invention also relates to a munition equipped with a device as described above.
  • the figure 1 illustrates, by a cross section, a first example of a munition containing a confinement of an explosive charge.
  • This is a core generation load of conventional construction.
  • This load mainly comprises a firing device 1, the explosive charge 2, a means 3 for shaping a shock wave, a coating 4 and a confinement envelope 5.
  • the concave-shaped coating closes the envelope 5 of cylindrical shape to confine the explosive charge 2.
  • the coating 4 is projected to become a projectile 6 intended to impact or penetrate a target.
  • Deconfinement devices have emerged as an interesting solution to achieve safety objectives, especially for the slow heating test. Two factors are used to trigger deconfinement, temperature rise, or pressure rise.
  • the devices for increasing the temperature include a mechanical connecting element losing its mechanical characteristics from a certain temperature, generally of the order of 120 ° C. Beyond this temperature, the breaking of the connection, under the effect of a low effort, allows the deconfinement of the energy loading of a munition.
  • the degradation temperature of the mechanical connecting element is chosen sufficiently far from the decomposition temperature of the load.
  • Pressure-relieving decontainment devices include a weakened mechanical bond, which under the effect of internal pressure breaks. This then allows a deconfinement of the energy loading of the munition. This overpressure is obtained at the very beginning of decomposition of the energetic charge before this one transits in detonating regime. These devices are more critical since their operation requires the beginning of decomposition of energy loading. Potentially they generate larger projections that will have to be trapped by an ancillary means, for example a package.
  • the figure 2 presents another example of a generator that can be incorporated in a munition.
  • This generator 21 presented in a cross section, has an energy charge 2 confined within a metal envelope 22.
  • the envelope 22 is for example formed of at least two parts 221, 222 interconnected by a mechanical connection 25 being able to break.
  • this mechanical connection 25 is for example made by connecting pins mechanically securing the two parts 221, 222.
  • the second portion 222 forms for example the base of the generator.
  • a rocket 24 is for example fixed at the front of these two parts 221, 222.
  • a deconfinement according to the invention advantageously uses the phase change of material forming the energy charge 2, this phase change following a rise in temperature.
  • TNT trinitrotoluene or tolite
  • TNT is an ammunition loading explosive.
  • the melting temperature of TNT is of the order of 80 ° C, its decomposition temperature is of the order of 290 ° C.
  • a 120 mm caliber ammunition of the type represented for example on the figure 2 may have a volume available for loading approximately 2.7 dm 3 .
  • This then causes an increase of 0.24 dm 3 in volume.
  • the shearing of the fixing pins of the base 222 makes it possible to limit this rise to a few tens of bars.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate an embodiment of the mechanical connection between the two parts 221, 222 of the metal casing 22.
  • the figure 3a represents the connection before breaking of the pins 31 holding the two parts in the closed position.
  • the two parts having at least one projection 32, 33, the second portion 222, for example the base, is rotatably engaged in the first part so that the two projections are vis-à-vis.
  • the figure 3b represents the envelope in the open position, after deconfinement controlled by rupture of the pins 31.
  • the two parts 221, 222 are spaced a few tens of centimeters thus opening the envelope.
  • the two parts are held in this open position, spaced apart, because at least of the projection 32 of the first portion 221 which retains the cap 222 by contact with the projection 33 thereof.
  • the figure 4 illustrates an example of a system 41 of pin connection 42.
  • the rear portion 222 and fixed to the front portion 221 by means of pins 42.
  • the rear portion 222 is fitted into the front portion 221, the pins 42 passing through the walls so nested to keep them fixed.
  • the portions 221 and 222 form a single block.
  • the link break can be done for example at the front, between this block 221, 222 and a part 44 fixed by threading 43, for example a rocket.
  • the thread 43 is then designed to break under the effect of the internal pressure rise caused during a phase change of the load 2.
  • the invention has been described for a munition of the type of the figure 2 or from figure 4 but it may also apply to other munitions, other machines equipped with an explosive charge, for example of the type of figure 1 .
  • the invention has also been described for TNT based charging, but it can be applied to other phase change energy charges.
  • its melting temperature is very far from its decomposition temperature, this distance serving as a margin of safety of the device.
  • the coefficient of expansion induced by the phase change is large enough to cause significant stresses in the structure of the munition, in particular to lead to a controlled and predetermined opening by munition design, as illustrated for example by the Figures 3a and 3b .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)

Abstract

The generator (21) has an energizing explosive load (2) i.e. trinitrotoluene (TNT), confined in a metal envelope, where the load is dilated, during phase changing at a temperature lower than its decomposition temperature. The envelope has a front part (221) and a rear part (222) connected by a mechanical connection (25) adapted for being broken under a raising effect of internal pressure of the envelope caused during the phase changing of the load, where the phase changing is fusion. The rear part forms a cup of the envelope.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif comportant un chargement énergétique à déconfinement contrôlé. Elle concerne aussi une munition équipée d'un tel chargement. Elle s'applique notamment pour la sécurisation de munition par déconfinement de la charge explosive.The present invention relates to a device comprising a controlled deconfinement energy charge. It also relates to a munition equipped with such a load. It applies in particular for securing ammunition by deconfining the explosive charge.

Notamment dans le domaine militaire, de graves accidents dus à des charges explosives sont survenus sur des bateaux, dans des entrepôts, sur des terrains opérationnels, en temps de guerre comme en temps de paix. Certains de ces accidents ont entraîné de lourdes pertes humaines et matérielles.Particularly in the military field, serious accidents due to explosive charges have occurred on ships, in warehouses, on operational terrain, in wartime as well as in times of peace. Some of these accidents resulted in heavy loss of life and property.

Des accidents qui à l'origine auraient pu par leur nature rester sans réelles conséquences ont pris des proportions phénoménales en raison de la présence, dans un environnement proche, d'armements qui ont réagi violemment allant jusqu'à la détonation nominale de leurs chargements. Ces armements ont réagi ainsi car ils étaient alors agressés d'une manière ou d'une autre.Accidents that originally could have remained without real consequences have grown to phenomenal proportions because of the presence, in a nearby environment, of weapons that reacted violently up to the nominal detonation of their loadings. These armaments reacted in this way because they were then attacked in one way or another.

Il est alors apparu le besoin de disposer d'armements sécurisés ne réagissant nominalement qu'à la demande. Dans toutes les autres situations d'agression que peuvent subir ces armements, ils ne doivent alors réagir que modérément sans entraîner de pertes humaines et matérielles.It then became apparent that there is a need for secure armaments that respond only nominally to the request. In all other situations of aggression that these armaments may undergo, they must then react only moderately without causing loss of life and property.

Les autorités concernées à travers le monde ont donc élaboré un référentiel permettant de classer les différents armements selon leur niveau de sécurisation atteint. Un tel référentiel peut notamment définir un certain nombre d'épreuves auxquelles seront soumis les armements et leurs niveaux de réaction admissible en environnement accidentel. Ces épreuves sont représentatives des agressions que peuvent voir les armements au cours de leur vie opérationnelle.The authorities concerned around the world have therefore developed a repository for classifying the different armaments according to their level of security achieved. Such a reference system can in particular define a certain number of tests to which the weapons will be subjected and their levels of admissible reaction in accidental environment. These tests are representative of the aggression that can be seen by the armaments during their operational life.

Pour atteindre les objectifs de sécurisation exigés, plusieurs axes de recherche ont été explorés. Des évolutions sont apparues au niveau de la nature même des chargements énergétiques rendus moins sensibles par l'utilisation de liants polymères, du polybutadiène par exemple, ou par l'adjonction de molécules flegmatisantes. Des travaux ont également été menés sur l'architecture même des armements. A ce jour, il s'avère que pour répondre au mieux aux objectifs fixés, la combinaison des ces solutions est nécessaire.To achieve the security objectives required, several lines of research were explored. Evolutions have appeared at the level of the nature of the energy loadings made less sensitive by the use of polymeric binders, polybutadiene for example, or by the addition of phlegmatizing molecules. Work has also been done on the very architecture of armaments. To date, it turns out that for best meet the objectives set, the combination of these solutions is necessary.

Parmi les épreuves permettant de tester le comportement des munitions face à certaines agressions, celle correspondant à un échauffement lent de la munition est très contraignante. Un cas réel d'échauffement lent peut être celui d'une charge placée dans une soute à proximité d'un incendie.Among the tests to test the behavior of ammunition in the face of certain attacks, that corresponding to a slow heating of the ammunition is very restrictive. A real case of slow heating may be that of a load placed in a cargo hold near a fire.

Un but de l'invention est notamment de permettre de minimiser la réaction d'une munition soumise à cette agression.An object of the invention is in particular to minimize the reaction of a munition subjected to this aggression.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif comportant un chargement énergétique confiné dans une enveloppe, caractérisé en ce que le chargement se dilatant lors d'un changement de phase à une température inférieure à sa température de décomposition, l'enveloppe comporte au moins deux parties reliées par une liaison mécanique adaptée pour se rompre sous l'effet de la pression interne de l'enveloppe provoquée lors d'un changement de phase du chargement.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device comprising an energetic charge confined in an envelope, characterized in that the charge expands during a phase change to a temperature below its decomposition temperature, the envelope comprises at least two parts connected by a mechanical connection adapted to break under the effect of the internal pressure of the casing caused during a change of phase of the load.

Le changement de phase du chargement est par exemple une fusion.The phase change of the load is for example a merger.

Avantageusement, les deux parties s'écartent l'une de l'autre après rupture de la liaison puis conservent par exemple un écart constant provocant une ouverture de l'enveloppe.Advantageously, the two parts deviate from one another after breaking the connection and then maintain for example a constant gap causing an opening of the envelope.

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le chargement comporte du trinitrotoluène.In a particular embodiment, the loading comprises trinitrotoluene.

Les deux parties sont par exemple assemblées au moyen de goupilles.The two parts are for example assembled by means of pins.

L'invention concerne également une munition équipée d'un dispositif tel que décrit précédemment.The invention also relates to a munition equipped with a device as described above.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'aide de la description qui suit faite en regard de dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • la figure 1, un exemple de munition à chargement énergétique ;
  • la figure 2, un exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 3a et 3b, un exemple de liaison mécanique utilisée dans un dispositif selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 4, un autre exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the following description made with reference to appended drawings which represent:
  • the figure 1 , an example of energy-laden ammunition;
  • the figure 2 an embodiment of a device according to the invention;
  • the Figures 3a and 3b an example of a mechanical connection used in a device according to the invention; and
  • the figure 4 , another embodiment of a device according to the invention.

La figure 1 illustre, par une coupe transversale, un premier exemple de munition comportant un confinement d'un chargement explosif. Il s'agit d'une charge à génération de noyau, de réalisation classique. Cette charge comporte principalement un dispositif de mise à feu 1, le chargement explosif 2, un moyen 3 pour conformer une onde de choc, un revêtement 4 et une enveloppe de confinement 5. Le revêtement de forme concave ferme l'enveloppe 5 de forme cylindrique pour confiner le chargement explosif 2. Lors de l'explosion du chargement, le revêtement 4 est projeté pour se transformer en un projectile 6 destiné à impacter ou à pénétrer une cible.The figure 1 illustrates, by a cross section, a first example of a munition containing a confinement of an explosive charge. This is a core generation load of conventional construction. This load mainly comprises a firing device 1, the explosive charge 2, a means 3 for shaping a shock wave, a coating 4 and a confinement envelope 5. The concave-shaped coating closes the envelope 5 of cylindrical shape to confine the explosive charge 2. During the explosion of the load, the coating 4 is projected to become a projectile 6 intended to impact or penetrate a target.

Pour qu'un chargement explosif détone sous l'effet d'un échauffement, plusieurs conditions doivent être réunies dont celle du confinement de l'explosif. En supprimant l'une de ces conditions, la détonation devient plus difficile à se réaliser mais pas impossible. Si le chargement n'est plus confiné, la probabilité pour que celui-ci détone suite à une agression thermique devient très faible, le risque devenant alors celui d'une combustion classique.For an explosive charge to detonate under the effect of a heating, several conditions must be met including that of the confinement of the explosive. By removing one of these conditions, detonation becomes more difficult to achieve but not impossible. If the load is no longer confined, the probability that it detonates following a thermal attack becomes very low, the risk then becoming that of a conventional combustion.

Les dispositifs de déconfinement sont apparus comme une solution intéressante pour atteindre les objectifs de sécurisation, notamment pour l'épreuve d'échauffement lent. Deux facteurs sont utilisés pour déclencher le déconfinement, l'élévation de température ou l'élévation de pression.Deconfinement devices have emerged as an interesting solution to achieve safety objectives, especially for the slow heating test. Two factors are used to trigger deconfinement, temperature rise, or pressure rise.

Les dispositifs axés sur l'élévation de température incluent un élément de liaison mécanique perdant ses caractéristiques mécaniques à partir d'une certaine température, généralement de l'ordre de 120° C. Au-delà de cette température, la rupture de la liaison, sous l'effet d'un faible effort, permet le déconfinement du chargement énergétique d'une munition. La température de dégradation de l'élément de liaison mécanique est choisie suffisamment éloignée de la température de décomposition du chargement.The devices for increasing the temperature include a mechanical connecting element losing its mechanical characteristics from a certain temperature, generally of the order of 120 ° C. Beyond this temperature, the breaking of the connection, under the effect of a low effort, allows the deconfinement of the energy loading of a munition. The degradation temperature of the mechanical connecting element is chosen sufficiently far from the decomposition temperature of the load.

Les dispositifs de déconfinement axés sur l'élévation de pression incluent une liaison mécanique fragilisée, qui sous l'effet d'une pression interne, se rompt. Cela permet alors un déconfinement du chargement énergétique de la munition. Cette surpression est obtenue en tout début de décomposition du chargement énergétique avant que celui-ci ne transite en régime détonant. Ces dispositifs sont plus critiques puisque leur fonctionnement requiert le début de décomposition du chargement énergétique. Potentiellement, ils génèrent des projections plus importantes qui devront être piégées par un moyen annexe, par exemple un emballage.Pressure-relieving decontainment devices include a weakened mechanical bond, which under the effect of internal pressure breaks. This then allows a deconfinement of the energy loading of the munition. This overpressure is obtained at the very beginning of decomposition of the energetic charge before this one transits in detonating regime. These devices are more critical since their operation requires the beginning of decomposition of energy loading. Potentially they generate larger projections that will have to be trapped by an ancillary means, for example a package.

La figure 2 présente un autre exemple de générateur pouvant être incorporé dans une munition. Ce générateur 21, présenté selon une coupe transversale, comporte une charge énergétique 2 confinée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe métallique 22.The figure 2 presents another example of a generator that can be incorporated in a munition. This generator 21, presented in a cross section, has an energy charge 2 confined within a metal envelope 22.

L'enveloppe 22 est par exemple formée d'au moins deux parties 221, 222 reliées entre elles par une liaison mécanique 25 pouvant se rompre. A cet effet, cette liaison mécanique 25 est par exemple réalisée par des goupilles reliant rendant solidaire mécaniquement les deux parties 221, 222. La deuxième partie 222 forme par exemple le culot du générateur. Une fusée 24 est par exemple fixée à l'avant de ces deux parties 221, 222.The envelope 22 is for example formed of at least two parts 221, 222 interconnected by a mechanical connection 25 being able to break. For this purpose, this mechanical connection 25 is for example made by connecting pins mechanically securing the two parts 221, 222. The second portion 222 forms for example the base of the generator. A rocket 24 is for example fixed at the front of these two parts 221, 222.

Un déconfinement selon l'invention utilise avantageusement le changement de phase de matériau formant la charge énergétique 2, ce changement de phase faisant suite à une élévation de température.A deconfinement according to the invention advantageously uses the phase change of material forming the energy charge 2, this phase change following a rise in temperature.

Le principe de fonctionnement de l'invention peut être décrit en considérant comme charge explosive le TNT, trinitrotoluène ou tolite. Le TNT est un explosif de chargement de munitions. La température de fusion du TNT est de l'ordre de 80° C, sa température de décomposition est de l'ordre de 290 °C.The operating principle of the invention can be described by considering TNT, trinitrotoluene or tolite as explosive charge. TNT is an ammunition loading explosive. The melting temperature of TNT is of the order of 80 ° C, its decomposition temperature is of the order of 290 ° C.

A l'état solide, le TNT coulé à une masse volumique apparente voisine de 1,59 g/cm3. A l'état liquide, elle n'est que de 1,46 g/cm3. Cet écart représente une augmentation de volume de 9% lors du passage de l'état solide à l'état liquide. Un déconfinement selon l'invention est basé sur ce type d'écart volumique résultant de ce changement de phase.In the solid state, the TNT cast at a bulk density close to 1.59 g / cm 3 . In the liquid state, it is only 1.46 g / cm 3 . This difference represents a volume increase of 9% during the transition from the solid state to the liquid state. Deconfinement according to the invention is based on this type of volume difference resulting from this phase change.

A titre d'exemple, une munition de calibre 120 mm de type par exemple de celle représentée sur la figure 2 peut présenter un volume disponible pour le chargement d'environ 2,7 dm3. Lorsque la température au coeur du chargement est supérieure à la température de fusion du TNT, c'est-à-dire supérieure à 80° C, le volume nécessaire pour contenir tout le chargement à l'état liquide devrait être alors de l'ordre de 2,7 x 1,59/1,46 = 2,94 dm3. Cela entraîne alors une augmentation de 0,24 dm3 de volume. Cet écart de volume important et surtout non disponible dans la munition entraîne une élévation de pression énorme pouvant potentiellement atteindre plusieurs centaines de bars. Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 2, le cisaillement des goupilles de fixation du culot 222 permet de limiter cette élévation à quelques dizaines de bars. Cette pression hydraulique, due au TNT liquide, associée au montage spécifique du culot 222 conduit à un déconfinement maîtrisé sans aucune projection puisque le culot ne recule alors dans ce cas que de quelques centimètres. Ce déconfinement est par ailleurs important. Le TNT liquide peut alors se répandre dans un emballage prévu à cet effet, dans lequel est stockée la munition. Si la température continue à augmenter le TNT peut s'auto-enflammer et adopter un régime de combustion normal sans aucun risque de transition en détonation.By way of example, a 120 mm caliber ammunition of the type represented for example on the figure 2 may have a volume available for loading approximately 2.7 dm 3 . When the temperature at the heart of the load is greater than the melting temperature of the TNT, that is to say greater than 80 ° C, the volume necessary to contain all the loading in the liquid state should then be of the order of 2.7 x 1.59 / 1.46 = 2.94 dm 3 . This then causes an increase of 0.24 dm 3 in volume. This large volume difference, which is especially unavailable in the ammunition, huge pressure rise potentially reaching several hundred bars. In the exemplary embodiment of the figure 2 the shearing of the fixing pins of the base 222 makes it possible to limit this rise to a few tens of bars. This hydraulic pressure, due to the liquid TNT, associated with the specific mounting of the cap 222 leads to a controlled deconfinement without any projection since the base then recedes in this case only a few centimeters. This deconfinement is also important. The liquid TNT can then be spread in a packaging provided for this purpose, in which the ammunition is stored. If the temperature continues to increase the TNT can self-ignite and adopt a normal combustion regime without any risk of transition to detonation.

Les figures 3a et 3b illustrent un exemple de réalisation de la liaison mécanique entre les deux parties 221, 222 de l'enveloppe métallique 22.The Figures 3a and 3b illustrate an embodiment of the mechanical connection between the two parts 221, 222 of the metal casing 22.

La figure 3a représente la liaison avant rupture des goupilles 31 maintenant les deux parties en position fermée. Les deux parties ayant au moins chacune une saillie 32, 33, la deuxième partie 222, par exemple le culot, est emmanchée en rotation dans la première partie de sorte que les deux saillies soient en vis-à-vis.The figure 3a represents the connection before breaking of the pins 31 holding the two parts in the closed position. The two parts having at least one projection 32, 33, the second portion 222, for example the base, is rotatably engaged in the first part so that the two projections are vis-à-vis.

La figure 3b représente l'enveloppe en position ouverte, après déconfinement contrôlé par rupture des goupilles 31. Les deux parties 221, 222 sont écartées de quelques dizaines de centimètres ouvrant ainsi l'enveloppe. Les deux parties sont maintenues dans cette position d'ouverture, écartées, du fait au moins de la saillie 32 de la première partie 221 qui retient le culot 222 par contact avec la saillie 33 de ce dernier.The figure 3b represents the envelope in the open position, after deconfinement controlled by rupture of the pins 31. The two parts 221, 222 are spaced a few tens of centimeters thus opening the envelope. The two parts are held in this open position, spaced apart, because at least of the projection 32 of the first portion 221 which retains the cap 222 by contact with the projection 33 thereof.

D'autres modes de réalisation de liaisons mécaniques sont bien sûr possible. Il est par exemple possible de n'utiliser que des goupilles et ne pas produire un écartement contrôlé.Other embodiments of mechanical connections are of course possible. For example, it is possible to use only pins and not to produce a controlled gap.

La figure 4 illustre un exemple de système 41 de liaison à goupilles 42. La partie arrière 222 et fixée à la partie avant 221 au moyen de goupilles 42. A cet effet, la partie arrière 222 est emboîtée dans la partie avant 221, les goupilles 42 traversant les parois ainsi emboîtées pour les maintenir fixées.The figure 4 illustrates an example of a system 41 of pin connection 42. The rear portion 222 and fixed to the front portion 221 by means of pins 42. For this purpose, the rear portion 222 is fitted into the front portion 221, the pins 42 passing through the walls so nested to keep them fixed.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les parties 221 et 222 forment un seul et même bloc. Dans ce cas la rupture de lien peut se faire par exemple à l'avant, entre ce bloc 221, 222 et une partie 44 fixée par filetage 43, par exemple une fusée. Le filetage 43 est alors prévu pour rompre sous l'effet de l'élévation de pression interne provoquée lors d'un changement de phase du chargement 2.In another embodiment, the portions 221 and 222 form a single block. In this case the link break can be done for example at the front, between this block 221, 222 and a part 44 fixed by threading 43, for example a rocket. The thread 43 is then designed to break under the effect of the internal pressure rise caused during a phase change of the load 2.

L'invention a été décrite pour une munition du type de la figure 2 ou de la figure 4, mais elle peut aussi s'appliquer à d'autres munitions, d'autres engins équipés d'un chargement explosif, par exemple du type de celle de la figure 1. L'invention a aussi été décrite pour un chargement à base de TNT, mais elle peut s'appliquer à d'autres charges énergétiques à changement de phase. De préférence sa température de fusion est très éloignée de sa température de décomposition, cet éloignement faisant office de marge de sécurité du dispositif. Le coefficient de dilation induit par le changement de phase est suffisamment important pour engendrer des contraintes importantes au niveau de la structure de la munition permettant notamment de conduire à une ouverture maîtrisée et prédéterminée par conception de la munition, comme illustré par exemple par les figures 3a et 3b.The invention has been described for a munition of the type of the figure 2 or from figure 4 but it may also apply to other munitions, other machines equipped with an explosive charge, for example of the type of figure 1 . The invention has also been described for TNT based charging, but it can be applied to other phase change energy charges. Preferably, its melting temperature is very far from its decomposition temperature, this distance serving as a margin of safety of the device. The coefficient of expansion induced by the phase change is large enough to cause significant stresses in the structure of the munition, in particular to lead to a controlled and predetermined opening by munition design, as illustrated for example by the Figures 3a and 3b .

Claims (8)

Dispositif comportant un chargement énergétique (2) confiné dans une enveloppe (22), caractérisé en ce que le chargement se dilatant lors d'un changement de phase à une température inférieure à sa température de décomposition, l'enveloppe comporte au moins deux parties (221, 222) reliées par une liaison mécanique (25, 31, 32, 33, 43) adaptée pour se rompre sous l'effet de l'élévation de la pression interne de l'enveloppe provoquée lors d'un changement de phase du chargement (2).Device comprising an energy charge (2) confined in an envelope (22), characterized in that the charge expands during a phase change at a temperature below its decomposition temperature, the envelope comprises at least two parts ( 221, 222) connected by a mechanical connection (25, 31, 32, 33, 43) adapted to break under the effect of the elevation of the internal pressure of the casing caused during a change of phase of the load (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le changement de phase du chargement (2) est une fusion.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase change of the load (2) is a fusion. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le chargement (2) comporte du trinitrotoluène (TNT).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charge (2) comprises trinitrotoluene (TNT). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties sont assemblées au moyen de goupilles (31, 42) formant la liaison mécanique.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts are assembled by means of pins (31, 42) forming the mechanical connection. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties (221, 222) s'écartent l'une de l'autre après rupture de la liaison puis conservent un écart constant provocant une ouverture de l'enveloppe.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parts (221, 222) deviate from one another after breakage of the connection and then maintain a constant gap causing an opening of the envelope. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie (222) forme le culot de l'enveloppe.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a portion (222) forms the base of the envelope. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie forme un bloc unique (221, 222), l'autre partie (44) étant fixée par filetage (43) à ce bloc, le filetage (43) formant la liaison mécanique.Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one part forms a single block (221, 222), the other part (44) being threaded (43) to this block, the thread ( 43) forming the mechanical connection. Munition équipée d'un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Ammunition equipped with a device according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP08167443A 2007-10-23 2008-10-23 Energy load with controlled deconfinement and ammunition equipped with such a load Active EP2053344B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0707415A FR2922638B1 (en) 2007-10-23 2007-10-23 ENERGY LOADING WITH CONTROLLED DECONFINEMENT AND AMMUNITION EQUIPPED WITH SUCH LOADING

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2053344A1 true EP2053344A1 (en) 2009-04-29
EP2053344B1 EP2053344B1 (en) 2010-12-29

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EP08167443A Active EP2053344B1 (en) 2007-10-23 2008-10-23 Energy load with controlled deconfinement and ammunition equipped with such a load

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EP (1) EP2053344B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE493628T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602008004201D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2361454T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2922638B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2846124A1 (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co. Kg Shell

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3090086B1 (en) 2018-12-13 2020-12-11 Thales Sa DEVICE FOR DECONFINING AN EXPLOSIVE LOAD AND AMMUNITION EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2656085A1 (en) 1987-10-13 1991-06-21 Thomson Brandt Armements EXPLOSIVE MUNITION PROTECTED AGAINST TEMPERATURE ELEVATION.
EP0545764A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-09 Thomson-Brandt Armements Locking device for a casing containing pyrotechnical material
EP0738869A1 (en) * 1995-04-18 1996-10-23 Protac Deconfinement of a military explosive charge by differential expansion
WO2008040860A2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-10 Nexter Munitions Device for the deconfinement of an ammunition casing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2656085A1 (en) 1987-10-13 1991-06-21 Thomson Brandt Armements EXPLOSIVE MUNITION PROTECTED AGAINST TEMPERATURE ELEVATION.
EP0545764A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-09 Thomson-Brandt Armements Locking device for a casing containing pyrotechnical material
EP0738869A1 (en) * 1995-04-18 1996-10-23 Protac Deconfinement of a military explosive charge by differential expansion
WO2008040860A2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-10 Nexter Munitions Device for the deconfinement of an ammunition casing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2846124A1 (en) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-11 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co. Kg Shell
EP2846124B1 (en) 2013-09-05 2018-06-06 Diehl Defence GmbH & Co. KG Shell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2361454T3 (en) 2011-06-17
FR2922638B1 (en) 2013-07-05
DE602008004201D1 (en) 2011-02-10
FR2922638A1 (en) 2009-04-24
EP2053344B1 (en) 2010-12-29
ATE493628T1 (en) 2011-01-15

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