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EP1808665A1 - Telemetric laser aiming device - Google Patents

Telemetric laser aiming device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1808665A1
EP1808665A1 EP06291969A EP06291969A EP1808665A1 EP 1808665 A1 EP1808665 A1 EP 1808665A1 EP 06291969 A EP06291969 A EP 06291969A EP 06291969 A EP06291969 A EP 06291969A EP 1808665 A1 EP1808665 A1 EP 1808665A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
harmonization
telemetry
source
optical
laser
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Granted
Application number
EP06291969A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1808665B1 (en
Inventor
Laurent c/o Sagem Defense Securite Hure
Philippe c/o Sagem Defense Securite Patry
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Safran Electronics and Defense SAS
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Sagem Defense Securite SA
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Publication of EP1808665A1 publication Critical patent/EP1808665A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/32—Devices for testing or checking
    • F41G3/326—Devices for testing or checking for checking the angle between the axis of the gun sighting device and an auxiliary measuring device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/06—Aiming or laying means with rangefinder

Definitions

  • the telemetry axis is identified by a harmonizing reticle that is visualized in the field of view (visual field in a direct optical path or on the screen of an optronic path).
  • This reticle serves as a reference for materializing the point of impact of the telemetry laser beam in the observed scene (pointing).
  • the accuracy of the telemetry then depends directly on the good positioning of this reticle on the selected target, on the one hand, and the residual difference between the reticle and the effective direction of the laser beam, on the other hand.
  • This secondary source must be collimated in order to be harmonized with the telemetry laser beam.
  • the telemetry sighting device comprises a laser source 1 capable of emitting a telemetry laser beam along an optical axis 2 (shown in broken lines in FIG. 1A) for telemetric sighting.
  • a secondary harmonizing source 3 is disposed outside the optical axis 2 of the laser source 1, being located on the side of said optical axis 2; for example, the source of harmonization 3 has its optical axis directed substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis 2 as shown; the source of harmonization is capable of emitting a beam of harmonizing electromagnetic radiation having a predetermined emission spectrum compatible with the characteristics of a display means 4.
  • Reflection means 5 are arranged at the intersection of axis optical 2 and the optical axis of the source of harmonization and arranged to reflect the harmonization beam along the optical axis 2 telemetric view while letting the laser beam telemetry; in practice, the reflection means 5 may comprise a mirror inclined at the appropriate angle, here about 90 °, reflecting for the harmonizing beam and transmitting the telemetry laser beam. Finally, return means 6 are disposed on the optical axis 2 and arranged to return the harmonization beam directed along the telemetric viewing axis towards the display means 4, while it remains without action on the telemetry laser beam.
  • the display means 4 may comprise a screen 4A in the case of an optronic observation channel or be an eye 4B in the case of a direct observation channel.
  • the return means 6 are advantageously constituted by an optical invariant so that its positioning does not affect the direction of the harmonization beam seen by the display means 4.
  • the return means 6 may for example comprise a two-sided prism inclined returning the harmonization beam to 180 ° on a return axis spaced from the optical axis 2, as shown; it is possible for example to add to the upper prism return means 6 a complementary prism 6a such that the interface is reflective for the harmonization beam and transparent for the aiming laser beam (other technical solutions being conceivable for obtaining of the same result).
  • the Telemetric aiming itself is carried out only over a period of time as short as possible, and that consequently the telemetric optical axis 2 of telemetry is correctly prepositioned with the aid of a harmonization aim not likely to be perceived by the target.
  • FIG. 1A the apparatus described above is shown in the functional harmonization sighting configuration.
  • the laser source 1 emits no signal.
  • the harmonization source 3 emits a harmonization beam 7 in the same direction as the optical axis 2 after reflection by the reflection means 5.
  • the harmonization beam 7 is then intercepted by the return means 6 which directs it to the visualization means 4.
  • the good alignment of the optical axis 2 with the target is dependent on the angular difference a between the telemetry axis 2 and the harmonization axis associated with the reticle, that is to say the axis 9 followed by the harmonization beam 7 between the reflection means 5 and the return means 6.
  • This angular difference a must theoretically be zero so that the telemetry axis coincides exactly with the position of the reticle in the observed scene and that the harmonization measurement results in exact positioning of the optical telemetry axis 2; on the other hand, if, as shown in FIG. 1A, the two telemetry and harmonization axes 9 do not coincide (angular deviation a non-zero), the harmonization step leads to a positioning of the optical axis which is wrong.
  • the return means 5 may comprise in practice a mirror wedged on the optical axis 2 of rangefinder and adapted to return the harmonizing beam 7 along the optical axis 2; this mirror is supported by mechanical means adapted to allow its angular adjustment.
  • the laser source 1, the harmonization source 3 and the mirror support means constitute an opto-mechanical assembly which is sensitive to the temperature (ambient temperature, internal heating of the apparatus in operation) and mechanical vibrations. It follows that in practice it is necessary to revise the adjustment of the harmonization axis so as to ensure that the angular deviation vis-à-vis the telemetry optical axis 2 is kept below a predefined threshold, typically 0.1 mrad. And even in the case where this angular constraint is satisfied, the perfect parallelism of the two optical axes of telemetry and harmonization is not completely and / or permanently assured.
  • the object of the invention is essentially to remedy the disadvantages described above and to propose an improved technical solution which makes it possible to ensure better collinearity, or even a perfect parallelism, between the two optical axes of telemetry and harmonization.
  • the invention proposes a telemetric sighting device as mentioned in the preamble which, being arranged in accordance with the invention, is characterized in that the laser telemetry source is a doped optical fiber amplifier laser source which constitutes the optical output fiber in that the laser source is provided with an output member including an optical fiber, in that the means for directing the harmonization beam along the telemetric viewing axis comprise an optical fiber coupler with two inputs respectively coupled to the two optical fibers of the laser source and the harmonization source respectively and to an output coupled to a single output optical fiber capable of transmitting the two laser beams for telemetry and harmonization along the same axis optical.
  • the laser telemetry source is a doped optical fiber amplifier laser source which constitutes the optical output fiber in that the laser source is provided with an output member including an optical fiber
  • the means for directing the harmonization beam along the telemetric viewing axis comprise an optical fiber coupler with two inputs respectively coupled to the two optical fibers of the laser source and the harmonization source respectively and to
  • the telemetry laser beam as well as the harmonization beam are emitted through a single member which is the optical fiber output along the optical axis between the output of this fiber. and a collimation optics located downstream thereof: it is thus ensured that the two beams are emitted strictly along the same optical axis, so that there can now be no angular difference between the optical transmission axis of the telemetric sighting beam and the optical axis of emission of the harmonization beam.
  • the improved technical solution proposed by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of the current technique, but also by ensuring a single optical axis regardless of the beam emitted, it leads to coincide practice with the theory.
  • the telemetry laser beam may have a wavelength that is outside the sensitivity spectrum of the harmonization beam display means.
  • the telemetry laser beam may have an ocular safety wavelength, which may for example be about 1.5 ⁇ m, while the harmonization beam has a wavelength of between about 500 and 900 nm.
  • the telemetry laser source 1 is a doped fiber amplifier laser source 18 which, as shown in FIG. 2, constitutes an optical output fiber 10. It will be recalled that the doped fiber amplifiers use an optical fiber (from a few centimeters to a few tens of meters) in the core of which rare earth ions have been added, in particular erbium which makes it possible to obtain a gain on a spectral window covering wavelengths between 1528 and 1563 nm.
  • an optical fiber 11 is coupled to the output of the harmonization source 3 to collect the harmonization beam.
  • the means for directing the harmonization beam along the telemetric sighting axis comprise a coupler 12 of optical fibers which is coupled at input to the two optical fibers 10 of the laser source and 11 of the harmonization source respectively and which is coupled at the output to a single optical fiber 13 output.
  • the emission of any radiation beam is effected along the optical axis 14 of the end of the optical fiber 13 output.
  • the telemetry laser beam as well as the harmonization beam are emitted along a single optical axis which is the one 14 connecting the end of the optical output fiber to the center of an optical collimation device 19 at the focus. which is located the output S of the optical fiber 13 output.
  • the two beams coming from the optical fiber 13 of output are then confused: the two channels "telemetric way” and “Harmonization approach” is in principle harmonized, that is to say have a zero angular deviation.
  • the technical means proposed by the invention therefore lead to the desired theoretical condition which consists in that the two optical axes 2 of the telemetry laser beam and 9 of the harmonization beam are strictly confused.
  • the telemetry laser beam 8 is provided to have a wavelength which is external to a window of wavelengths to which the display means is sensitive.
  • the laser beam 8 of telemetry has an ocular safety wavelength, for example typically of the order of 1.5 microns, while the harmonizing beam 7 has a wavelength of between about 500 and 900 nm.
  • the laser source 1 is schematized as a pumped laser source with a radiation emitter 15 to be amplified, a pump laser source 16, a device 17 for coupling and injecting the signal to be amplified and the pumped laser signal, and the doped fiber 18 whose end portion constitutes the aforementioned optical fiber 10 which is connected to the optical coupler 12.
  • the arrangement according to the invention facilitates the integration of the telemetry function in the viewfinders since it is no longer necessary to adjust the parallelism of the two telemetry and harmonization channels.
  • the telemetry sighting device operates under the same theoretical operating conditions and the accuracy of the telemetric sighting is, from this point of view, optimal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus has a laser source (1) to emit a telemetric laser beam on a telemetric aiming optical axis (2). The source has an output unit including an optical fiber (10), and an optical fiber (11) is coupled to an output of a secondary collimation source (3) to receive a collimation beam. A directing unit directs the collimation beam along the axis and has an optical fiber coupler (12) coupled in its input to the optical fibers, and coupled in its output to a single output optical fiber (13). The coupler transmits the beams along a same optical axis (14).

Description

La présente invention concerne d'une façon générale le domaine de la visée télémétrique laser, et plus précisément du pointage des appareils de visée télémétrique laser. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement des perfectionnements apportés aux appareils de visée télémétrique comportant :

  • une source laser propre à émettre un faisceau laser de télémétrie sur un axe optique de visée télémétrique,
  • une source secondaire d'harmonisation propre à émettre un faisceau constituant un rayonnement électromagnétique d'harmonisation,
  • des moyens pour diriger le faisceau d'harmonisation selon l'axe optique de visée télémétrique, et
  • des moyens de renvoi du faisceau d'harmonisation dirigé selon l'axe de visée télémétrique en direction d'un moyen de visualisation.
The present invention relates generally to the field of laser rangefinder, and more specifically to the pointing of laser rangefinder devices. The invention relates more particularly to improvements made to telemetric sighting devices comprising:
  • a laser source capable of emitting a telemetry laser beam on an optical telescopic sighting axis,
  • a secondary source of harmonization suitable for emitting a beam constituting harmonizing electromagnetic radiation,
  • means for directing the harmonization beam along the telescopic optical sighting axis, and
  • means for returning the harmonization beam directed along the telemetric sighting axis towards a display means.

L'axe de télémétrie est repéré par un réticule d'harmonisation qui est visualisé dans le champ d'observation (champ visuel dans une voie directe optique ou sur l'écran d'une voie optronique). Ce réticule sert de référence pour matérialiser le point d'impact du faisceau laser de télémétrie dans la scène observée (pointage). La précision de la télémétrie dépend alors directement du bon positionnement de ce réticule sur la cible sélectionnée, d'une part, et de l'écart résiduel entre le réticule et la direction effective du faisceau laser, d'autre part.The telemetry axis is identified by a harmonizing reticle that is visualized in the field of view (visual field in a direct optical path or on the screen of an optronic path). This reticle serves as a reference for materializing the point of impact of the telemetry laser beam in the observed scene (pointing). The accuracy of the telemetry then depends directly on the good positioning of this reticle on the selected target, on the one hand, and the residual difference between the reticle and the effective direction of the laser beam, on the other hand.

Pour positionner le réticule dans le champ d'observation, il est nécessaire de connaître avec précision la direction de télémétrie. Pour ce faire, dans le cas où la longueur d'onde du laser de télémétrie n'est pas compatible avec le spectre de sensibilité du capteur d'observation (par exemple cas des lasers dits « eye-safe » -non visibles pour l'oeil- sur des capteurs matriciel silicium), on met en oeuvre comme référence une source secondaire émettant un rayonnement à la longueur d'onde duquel est sensible le capteur d'observation (par exemple un rayonnement en lumière visible, par exemple de l'ordre de 500 à 600 nm, pour une observation directe par l'oeil ; un rayonnement dans la gamme du rouge ou de l'infrarouge, par exemple entre 800 et 900 nm, pour une observation par une caméra). Cette source secondaire doit être collimatée afin de pouvoir être harmonisée avec le faisceau laser de télémétrie.To position the reticle in the field of view, it is necessary to know precisely the direction of telemetry. To do this, in the case where the wavelength of the telemetry laser is not compatible with the sensitivity spectrum of the observation sensor (for example the so-called "eye-safe" lasers-not visible for the eye- on silicon matrix sensors), a reference is made to a secondary source emitting a radiation at the wavelength of which the observation sensor is sensitive (for example radiation in visible light, for example of the order of 500 to 600 nm, for direct observation by the eye, radiation in the range red or infrared, for example between 800 and 900 nm, for observation by a camera). This secondary source must be collimated in order to be harmonized with the telemetry laser beam.

Aux figures 1A et 1B des dessins annexés est représentée de manière très schématique seulement la portion utile à la compréhension de l'invention de la partie émettrice d'un appareil de visée télémétrique (la partie réceptrice du faisceau laser de retour, non concernée par l'invention, n'étant pas montrée). Pour ce qui concerne l'invention, l'appareil de visée télémétrique comporte une source laser 1 propre à émettre un faisceau laser de télémétrie selon un axe optique 2 (représentée en tirets sur la figure 1A) de visée télémétrique. Une source secondaire d'harmonisation 3 est disposée en dehors de l'axe optique 2 de la source laser 1, en étant située sur le côté dudit axe optique 2 ; par exemple, la source d'harmonisation 3 a son axe optique dirigé sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe optique 2 comme représenté ; la source d'harmonisation est propre à émettre un faisceau d'un rayonnement électromagnétique d'harmonisation ayant un spectre d'émission prédéterminé compatible avec les caractéristiques d'un moyen de visualisation 4. Des moyens de réflexion 5 sont disposés à l'intersection de l'axe optique 2 et de l'axe optique de la source d'harmonisation et agencés pour réfléchir le faisceau d'harmonisation selon l'axe optique 2 de visée télémétrique tout en laissant passer le faisceau laser de télémétrie ; dans la pratique, les moyens de réflexion 5 peuvent comprendre un miroir incliné de l'angle approprié, ici d'environ 90°, réfléchissant pour le faisceau d'harmonisation et transmettant le faisceau laser de télémétrie. Enfin, des moyens de renvoi 6 sont disposés sur l'axe optique 2 et agencés de manière à renvoyer le faisceau d'harmonisation dirigé selon l'axe de visée télémétrique en direction du moyen de visualisation 4, tandis qu'il reste sans action sur le faisceau laser de télémétrie. Le moyen de visualisation 4 peut comprendre un écran 4A dans le cas d'une voie d'observation optronique ou être un oeil 4B dans le cas d'une voie d'observation directe. Les moyens de renvoi 6 sont avantageusement constitués par un invariant optique afin que son positionnement n'influe pas sur la direction du faisceau d'harmonisation vu par le moyen de visualisation 4. Les moyens de renvoi 6 peuvent par exemple comprendre un prisme à deux faces inclinées renvoyant le faisceau d'harmonisation à 180° sur un axe de renvoi écarté de l'axe optique 2, comme illustré ; on peut par exemple adjoindre au prisme supérieur des moyens de renvoi 6 un prisme 6a complémentaire tel que l'interface soit réfléchissante pour le faisceau d'harmonisation et transparente pour le faisceau laser de visée (d'autres solutions techniques étant envisageables pour l'obtention du même résultat).In FIGS. 1A and 1B of the appended drawings is shown very schematically only the portion useful for understanding the invention of the emitting part of a telemetric aiming apparatus (the receiving part of the return laser beam, not concerned by the invention, not shown). As regards the invention, the telemetry sighting device comprises a laser source 1 capable of emitting a telemetry laser beam along an optical axis 2 (shown in broken lines in FIG. 1A) for telemetric sighting. A secondary harmonizing source 3 is disposed outside the optical axis 2 of the laser source 1, being located on the side of said optical axis 2; for example, the source of harmonization 3 has its optical axis directed substantially perpendicularly to the optical axis 2 as shown; the source of harmonization is capable of emitting a beam of harmonizing electromagnetic radiation having a predetermined emission spectrum compatible with the characteristics of a display means 4. Reflection means 5 are arranged at the intersection of axis optical 2 and the optical axis of the source of harmonization and arranged to reflect the harmonization beam along the optical axis 2 telemetric view while letting the laser beam telemetry; in practice, the reflection means 5 may comprise a mirror inclined at the appropriate angle, here about 90 °, reflecting for the harmonizing beam and transmitting the telemetry laser beam. Finally, return means 6 are disposed on the optical axis 2 and arranged to return the harmonization beam directed along the telemetric viewing axis towards the display means 4, while it remains without action on the telemetry laser beam. The display means 4 may comprise a screen 4A in the case of an optronic observation channel or be an eye 4B in the case of a direct observation channel. The return means 6 are advantageously constituted by an optical invariant so that its positioning does not affect the direction of the harmonization beam seen by the display means 4. The return means 6 may for example comprise a two-sided prism inclined returning the harmonization beam to 180 ° on a return axis spaced from the optical axis 2, as shown; it is possible for example to add to the upper prism return means 6 a complementary prism 6a such that the interface is reflective for the harmonization beam and transparent for the aiming laser beam (other technical solutions being conceivable for obtaining of the same result).

On rappellera qu'en pratique le faisceau d'harmonisation et le faisceau laser de télémétrie ne sont pas émis simultanément, mais séquentiellement. Pour des raisons de discrétion, il est donc souhaitable que la visée télémétrique proprement dite ne s'effectue que sur un laps de temps aussi bref que possible, et que par conséquent l'axe optique 2 de visée télémétrique soit correctement prépositionné à l'aide d'une visée d'harmonisation non susceptible d'être perçue par la cible.It will be recalled that in practice the harmonization beam and the telemetry laser beam are not emitted simultaneously, but sequentially. For reasons of discretion, it is therefore desirable that the Telemetric aiming itself is carried out only over a period of time as short as possible, and that consequently the telemetric optical axis 2 of telemetry is correctly prepositioned with the aid of a harmonization aim not likely to be perceived by the target.

A la figure 1A l'appareil décrit ci-dessus est montré en configuration fonctionnelle de visée d'harmonisation. La source laser 1 n'émet aucun signal. La source d'harmonisation 3 émet un faisceau d'harmonisation 7 dans la même direction que l'axe optique 2 après réflexion par les moyens de réflexion 5. Le faisceau d'harmonisation 7 est ensuite intercepté par les moyens de renvoi 6 qui le dirige vers le moyen de visualisation 4.In FIG. 1A the apparatus described above is shown in the functional harmonization sighting configuration. The laser source 1 emits no signal. The harmonization source 3 emits a harmonization beam 7 in the same direction as the optical axis 2 after reflection by the reflection means 5. The harmonization beam 7 is then intercepted by the return means 6 which directs it to the visualization means 4.

D'autres solutions sont alors envisageables :

  • si l'on est en mesure d'aligner l'ensemble de télémétrie (source laser 1, moyens de réflexion 5, source d'harmonisation 3) par des moyens opto-mécaniques sur l'axe du réticule de visée principale, le faisceau d'harmonisation émis par la source d'harmonisation 3 n'est alors utilisé qu'à des fins de vérification d'harmonisation ;
  • si le faisceau d'harmonisation émis par la source d'harmonisation est lui-même utilisé pour la visée, il est alors activé à chaque mise en action de la fonction télémétrie.
Other solutions are then possible:
  • if it is possible to align the telemetry assembly (laser source 1, reflection means 5, harmonization source 3) by opto-mechanical means on the axis of the main aiming reticle, the beam harmonization issued by the harmonization source 3 is then used only for harmonization verification purposes;
  • if the harmonization beam emitted by the harmonization source is itself used for aiming, it is then activated each time the telemetry function is activated.

Or, le bon alignement de l'axe optique 2 avec la cible est tributaire de l'écart angulaire a entre l'axe de télémétrie 2 et l'axe d'harmonisation associé au réticule, c'est-à-dire l'axe 9 suivi par le faisceau d'harmonisation 7 entre les moyens de réflexion 5 et les moyens de renvoi 6. Cet écart angulaire a doit théoriquement être nul pour que l'axe de télémétrie coïncide exactement avec la position du réticule dans la scène observée et que la mesure d'harmonisation entraîne un positionnement exact de l'axe optique 2 de télémétrie ; par contre si, comme montré à la figure 1A, les deux axes de télémétrie 2 et d'harmonisation 9 ne coïncident pas (écart angulaire a non nul), l'étape d'harmonisation conduit à un positionnement de l'axe optique qui est erroné.However, the good alignment of the optical axis 2 with the target is dependent on the angular difference a between the telemetry axis 2 and the harmonization axis associated with the reticle, that is to say the axis 9 followed by the harmonization beam 7 between the reflection means 5 and the return means 6. This angular difference a must theoretically be zero so that the telemetry axis coincides exactly with the position of the reticle in the observed scene and that the harmonization measurement results in exact positioning of the optical telemetry axis 2; on the other hand, if, as shown in FIG. 1A, the two telemetry and harmonization axes 9 do not coincide (angular deviation a non-zero), the harmonization step leads to a positioning of the optical axis which is wrong.

Comme exposé plus haut, les moyens de renvoi 5 peuvent comprendre en pratique un miroir calé sur l'axe optique 2 de visée télémétrique et propre à renvoyer le faisceau d'harmonisation 7 selon l'axe optique 2 ; ce miroir est supporté par des moyens mécaniques propres à permettre son réglage angulaire. Toutefois, la source laser 1, la source d'harmonisation 3 et les moyens de support du miroir constituent un ensemble opto-mécanique qui est sensible à la température (température ambiante, échauffement interne de l'appareil en fonctionnement) et aux vibrations mécaniques. Il en résulte donc qu'en pratique il faut réviser le réglage de l'axe d'harmonisation de manière à assurer que l'écart angulaire vis-à-vis de l'axe optique 2 de télémétrie soit maintenu inférieur à un seuil prédéfini, typiquement 0,1 mrad. Et même dans le cas où cette contrainte angulaire est satisfaite, le parallélisme parfait des deux axes optiques de télémétrie et d'harmonisation n'est pas assuré totalement et/ou de façon permanente.As explained above, the return means 5 may comprise in practice a mirror wedged on the optical axis 2 of rangefinder and adapted to return the harmonizing beam 7 along the optical axis 2; this mirror is supported by mechanical means adapted to allow its angular adjustment. However, the laser source 1, the harmonization source 3 and the mirror support means constitute an opto-mechanical assembly which is sensitive to the temperature (ambient temperature, internal heating of the apparatus in operation) and mechanical vibrations. It follows that in practice it is necessary to revise the adjustment of the harmonization axis so as to ensure that the angular deviation vis-à-vis the telemetry optical axis 2 is kept below a predefined threshold, typically 0.1 mrad. And even in the case where this angular constraint is satisfied, the perfect parallelism of the two optical axes of telemetry and harmonization is not completely and / or permanently assured.

L'invention a essentiellement pour objet de remédier aux inconvénients exposés ci-dessus et de proposer une solution technique perfectionnée qui permette d'assurer une meilleure colinéarité, voire un parfait parallélisme des deux axes optiques de télémétrie et d'harmonisation.The object of the invention is essentially to remedy the disadvantages described above and to propose an improved technical solution which makes it possible to ensure better collinearity, or even a perfect parallelism, between the two optical axes of telemetry and harmonization.

A ces fins, l'invention propose un appareil de visée télémétrique tel que mentionné au préambule qui, étant agencé conformément à l'invention, se caractérise en ce que la source laser de télémétrie est une source laser à amplificateur à fibre optique dopée qui constitue la fibre optique de sortie en ce que la source laser est pourvue d'un organe de sortie incluant une fibre optique, en ce que les moyens propres à diriger le faisceau d'harmonisation selon l'axe de visée télémétrique comprennent un coupleur de fibres optiques à deux entrées couplées respectivement aux deux fibres optiques de la source laser et de la source d'harmonisation respectivement et à une sortie couplée à une unique fibre optique de sortie propre à transmettre les deux faisceaux laser de télémétrie et d'harmonisation selon le même axe optique.For these purposes, the invention proposes a telemetric sighting device as mentioned in the preamble which, being arranged in accordance with the invention, is characterized in that the laser telemetry source is a doped optical fiber amplifier laser source which constitutes the optical output fiber in that the laser source is provided with an output member including an optical fiber, in that the means for directing the harmonization beam along the telemetric viewing axis comprise an optical fiber coupler with two inputs respectively coupled to the two optical fibers of the laser source and the harmonization source respectively and to an output coupled to a single output optical fiber capable of transmitting the two laser beams for telemetry and harmonization along the same axis optical.

Grâce aux moyens mis en oeuvre conformément à l'invention, le faisceau laser de télémétrie aussi bien que le faisceau d'harmonisation sont émis à travers un organe unique qui est la fibre optique de sortie selon l'axe optique entre la sortie de cette fibre et une optique de collimation située en aval de celle-ci : on est ainsi assuré que les deux faisceaux sont émis strictement selon le même axe optique, de sorte qu'il ne peut maintenant exister aucun écart angulaire entre l'axe optique d'émission du faisceau de visée télémétrique et l'axe optique d'émission du faisceau d'harmonisation. Dans ces conditions, non seulement la solution technique perfectionnée proposée par l'invention permet de remédier aux insuffisances de la technique actuelle, mais en outre, en assurant un axe optique unique quel que soit le faisceau émis, elle conduit à faire coïncider la pratique avec la théorie.Thanks to the means implemented in accordance with the invention, the telemetry laser beam as well as the harmonization beam are emitted through a single member which is the optical fiber output along the optical axis between the output of this fiber. and a collimation optics located downstream thereof: it is thus ensured that the two beams are emitted strictly along the same optical axis, so that there can now be no angular difference between the optical transmission axis of the telemetric sighting beam and the optical axis of emission of the harmonization beam. Under these conditions, not only the improved technical solution proposed by the invention overcomes the shortcomings of the current technique, but also by ensuring a single optical axis regardless of the beam emitted, it leads to coincide practice with the theory.

En pratique, il est possible que le faisceau laser de télémétrie possède une longueur d'onde qui est extérieure au spectre de sensibilité du moyen de visualisation du faisceau d'harmonisation. Typiquement, le faisceau laser de télémétrie peut posséder une longueur d'onde à sécurité oculaire, qui peut par exemple être d'environ 1,5 µm, tandis que le faisceau d'harmonisation a une longueur d'onde comprise entre environ 500 et 900 nm.In practice, it is possible for the telemetry laser beam to have a wavelength that is outside the sensitivity spectrum of the harmonization beam display means. Typically, the telemetry laser beam may have an ocular safety wavelength, which may for example be about 1.5 μm, while the harmonization beam has a wavelength of between about 500 and 900 nm.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit de certains modes de réalisation préférés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs. Dans cette description, on se réfère aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • les figures 1A et 1B sont des vues très schématiques d'un appareil de visée télémétrique de l'état de la technique, dont seule la partie émettrice est représentée puisque seule celle-ci est concernée par l'invention, l'appareil étant montré respectivement dans deux situations fonctionnelles différentes d'harmonisation et de visée télémétrique ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue très schématique d'un appareil de visée télémétrique agencé de façon perfectionnée selon l'invention ; et
  • la figure 3 est une figure très schématique d'un appareil de visée télémétrique agencé selon l'invention dans le cas d'application préféré de la mise en oeuvre d'une source laser à amplificateur à fibre dopée.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description of certain preferred embodiments given solely by way of non-limiting examples. In this description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are very schematic views of a telemetry sighting device of the state of the art, of which only the emitting part is shown since only this one is concerned by the invention, the apparatus being shown respectively in two different functional situations of harmonization and telemetry sighting;
  • FIG. 2 is a very schematic view of a telemetry sighting apparatus arranged in an improved manner according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 3 is a very schematic figure of a rangefinder device arranged according to the invention in the case of a preferred application of the implementation of a doped fiber amplifier laser source.

On se reporte maintenant plus particulièrement à la figure 2 sur laquelle les mêmes références numériques sont conservées pour désigner les mêmes organes qu'aux figures 1A et 1B. D'une façon générale, la partie de l'appareil montrée à la figure 2 reste agencée sensiblement identiquement à ce qu'elle était dans l'état antérieur de la technique illustré aux figures 1A et 1B, à la seule différence des moyens de réflexion 5 qui sont éliminés et remplacés par ceux énoncés ci-après.Referring now more particularly to Figure 2 wherein the same reference numerals are retained to designate the same organs as Figures 1A and 1B. In general, the part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 remains arranged substantially identically to what it was in the state prior art of the art illustrated in Figures 1A and 1B, the only difference of the reflection means 5 which are eliminated and replaced by those set forth below.

La source laser 1 de télémétrie est une source laser à amplificateur à fibre dopée 18 qui, comme montré à la figure 2, constitue une fibre optique 10 de sortie. On rappellera que les amplificateurs à fibre dopée mettent en oeuvre une fibre optique (de quelques centimètres à quelques dizaines de mètres) dans le coeur de laquelle ont été ajoutés des ions de terre rare, notamment d'erbium qui permet d'obtenir du gain sur une fenêtre spectrale couvrant les longueurs d'ondes comprises entre 1528 et 1563 nm.The telemetry laser source 1 is a doped fiber amplifier laser source 18 which, as shown in FIG. 2, constitutes an optical output fiber 10. It will be recalled that the doped fiber amplifiers use an optical fiber (from a few centimeters to a few tens of meters) in the core of which rare earth ions have been added, in particular erbium which makes it possible to obtain a gain on a spectral window covering wavelengths between 1528 and 1563 nm.

De plus, une fibre optique 11 est couplée à la sortie de la source d'harmonisation 3 pour recueillir le faisceau d'harmonisation.In addition, an optical fiber 11 is coupled to the output of the harmonization source 3 to collect the harmonization beam.

Enfin, les moyens pour diriger le faisceau d'harmonisation selon l'axe de visée télémétrique comprennent un coupleur 12 de fibres optiques qui est couplé en entrée aux deux fibres optiques 10 de la source laser et 11 de la source d'harmonisation respectivement et qui est couplé en sortie à une unique fibre optique 13 de sortie. L'émission de tout faisceau de rayonnement s'effectue selon l'axe optique 14 de l'extrémité de la fibre optique 13 de sortie.Finally, the means for directing the harmonization beam along the telemetric sighting axis comprise a coupler 12 of optical fibers which is coupled at input to the two optical fibers 10 of the laser source and 11 of the harmonization source respectively and which is coupled at the output to a single optical fiber 13 output. The emission of any radiation beam is effected along the optical axis 14 of the end of the optical fiber 13 output.

Ainsi, le faisceau laser de télémétrie aussi bien que le faisceau d'harmonisation sont émis selon un seul et même axe optique qui est celui 14 reliant l'extrémité de la fibre optique de sortie au centre d'un dispositif optique 19 de collimation au foyer duquel est située la sortie S de la fibre optique 13 de sortie. Les deux faisceaux issus de la fibre optique 13 de sortie sont alors confondus : les deux voies « voie télémétrique » et « voie d'harmonisation » sont par principe harmonisées, c'est-à-dire présentent un écart angulaire nul. Les moyens techniques proposés par l'invention conduisent donc à la condition théorique recherchée qui consiste en ce que les deux axes optiques 2 du faisceau laser de télémétrie et 9 du faisceau d'harmonisation soient confondus de façon stricte.Thus, the telemetry laser beam as well as the harmonization beam are emitted along a single optical axis which is the one 14 connecting the end of the optical output fiber to the center of an optical collimation device 19 at the focus. which is located the output S of the optical fiber 13 output. The two beams coming from the optical fiber 13 of output are then confused: the two channels "telemetric way" and "Harmonization approach" is in principle harmonized, that is to say have a zero angular deviation. The technical means proposed by the invention therefore lead to the desired theoretical condition which consists in that the two optical axes 2 of the telemetry laser beam and 9 of the harmonization beam are strictly confused.

Au moins pour certains domaines d'application, on prévoit que le faisceau laser 8 de télémétrie possède une longueur d'onde qui est extérieure à une fenêtre de longueurs d'ondes auxquelles est sensible le moyen de visualisation 4. Notamment, il peut être prévu que le faisceau laser 8 de télémétrie possède une longueur d'onde à sécurité oculaire, par exemple typiquement de l'ordre de 1,5 µm, tandis que le faisceau 7 d'harmonisation a une longueur d'onde comprise entre environ 500 et 900 nm.At least for certain fields of application, the telemetry laser beam 8 is provided to have a wavelength which is external to a window of wavelengths to which the display means is sensitive. In particular, it can be provided that the laser beam 8 of telemetry has an ocular safety wavelength, for example typically of the order of 1.5 microns, while the harmonizing beam 7 has a wavelength of between about 500 and 900 nm.

A la figure 3, on a schématisé la source laser 1 en tant que source laser à pompage avec un émetteur 15 de rayonnement devant être amplifié, une source laser de pompage 16, un dispositif 17 de couplage et d'injection du signal à amplifier et du signal laser de pompage, et la fibre dopée 18 dont la partie terminale constitue la fibre optique 10 précitée qui est connectée au coupleur optique 12.In FIG. 3, the laser source 1 is schematized as a pumped laser source with a radiation emitter 15 to be amplified, a pump laser source 16, a device 17 for coupling and injecting the signal to be amplified and the pumped laser signal, and the doped fiber 18 whose end portion constitutes the aforementioned optical fiber 10 which is connected to the optical coupler 12.

L'agencement conforme à l'invention facilite l'intégration de la fonction télémétrie dans les viseurs puisqu'il n'est plus nécessaire de régler le parallélisme des deux voies de télémétrie et d'harmonisation. En outre, du fait de la coaxialité de principe de ces deux voies, l'appareil de visée télémétrique fonctionne dans les conditions mêmes de fonctionnement théoriques et la précision de la visée télémétrique est, de ce point de vue, optimale.The arrangement according to the invention facilitates the integration of the telemetry function in the viewfinders since it is no longer necessary to adjust the parallelism of the two telemetry and harmonization channels. In addition, because of the principle coaxiality of these two channels, the telemetry sighting device operates under the same theoretical operating conditions and the accuracy of the telemetric sighting is, from this point of view, optimal.

Claims (3)

Appareil de visée télémétrique comportant : - une source laser (1) propre à émettre un faisceau laser (8) de télémétrie sur un axe optique (2) de visée télémétrique, - une source secondaire d'harmonisation (3) propre à émettre un faisceau (7) constituant un rayonnement électromagnétique d'harmonisation, - des moyens (5) propres à diriger le faisceau d'harmonisation (7) selon l'axe optique (2) de visée télémétrique, et - des moyens de renvoi (6) propres à dévier le faisceau d'harmonisation (7) dirigé selon l'axe de visée télémétrique en direction d'un moyen de visualisation (4), caractérisé en ce que ce que la source laser (1) de télémétrie est une source laser à amplificateur à fibre optique dopée (18) qui constitue la fibre optique (10) de sortie,
en ce qu'une fibre optique (11) est couplée à la sortie de la source d'harmonisation (3) pour recueillir ledit faisceau d'harmonisation (7), et
en ce que les moyens (5) propres à diriger le faisceau d'harmonisation (7) selon l'axe (2) de visée télémétrique comprennent un coupleur de fibres optiques (12) à deux entrées couplées respectivement aux deux fibres optiques (10) de la source laser et (11) de la source d'harmonisation respectivement et à une sortie couplée à une unique fibre optique de sortie (13) propre à transmettre les deux faisceaux (8) laser de télémétrie et (7) d'harmonisation selon le même axe optique (14), ce grâce à quoi, après collimation (en 19), il n'existe aucun écart angulaire entre l'axe optique (2) de visée télémétrique et l'axe optique (9) d'harmonisation.Telemetry sighting apparatus comprising: a laser source (1) able to emit a laser beam (8) for telemetry on an optical axis (2) for telemetric viewing, a secondary harmonization source (3) capable of emitting a beam (7) constituting harmonizing electromagnetic radiation, means (5) capable of directing the harmonizing beam (7) along the optical telemetric aiming axis (2), and - deflection means (6) adapted to deflect the harmonization beam (7) directed along the telemetric sighting axis towards a display means (4), characterized in that the telemetry laser source (1) is a doped optic fiber amplifier laser source (18) which constitutes the optical fiber (10) output,
in that an optical fiber (11) is coupled to the output of the harmonization source (3) to collect said harmonizing beam (7), and
in that the means (5) suitable for directing the harmonization beam (7) along the axis (2) of rangefinder comprises a fiber optic coupler (12) having two inputs respectively coupled to two optical fibers (10) of the laser source and (11) of the source of harmonization respectively and to an output coupled to a single optical output fiber (13) capable of transmitting the two beams (8) laser telemetry and (7) harmonization according to the same optical axis (14), this thanks to what, after collimation (in 19), there is no angular difference between the optical axis (2) telemetric sighting and the optical axis (9) of harmonization. Appareil de visée télémétrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le faisceau laser (8) de télémétrie possède une longueur d'onde qui est extérieure à une fenêtre de longueurs d'ondes auxquelles est sensible le moyen de visualisation (4).Telemetry sighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser beam (8) has a telemetry wavelength which is external to a window of wavelengths to which the display means (4) is sensitive. Appareil de visée télémétrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le faisceau laser (8) de télémétrie possède une longueur d'onde à sécurité oculaire, tandis que le faisceau d'harmonisation (7) a une longueur d'onde comprise entre environ 500 et 900 nm.Telemetry sighting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the laser beam (8) has a telescopic safety wavelength, while the harmonizing beam (7) has a wavelength of between 500 and 900 nm.
EP06291969A 2005-12-19 2006-12-18 Telemetric laser aiming device Active EP1808665B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR0512896A FR2895090B1 (en) 2005-12-19 2005-12-19 LASER TELEMETRIC VIEWING APPARATUS

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CN106908947A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-06-30 青岛镭创光电技术有限公司 Optical aiming device, firearms and control method

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RU2464541C1 (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-10-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский авиационный институт (государственный технический университет) (МАИ) Stand for processing precise guidance loops of optical axes of quantum-optical systems

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US5786889A (en) * 1993-05-12 1998-07-28 Pilkington P E Limited Method of monitoring coalignment of a sighting or surveillance sensor suite
US20030133092A1 (en) * 2001-04-13 2003-07-17 Rogers Philip L. Multi-function optical system and assembly

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US4173414A (en) * 1976-10-18 1979-11-06 Societe De Fabrication D'instruments De Mesure (S.F.I.M.) Method and apparatus for correcting the aiming of an optical illuminator on a target
US4669809A (en) * 1984-06-15 1987-06-02 Societe De Fabrication D'instruments De Mesure Optical aiming assembly, for designating and for tracking a target
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FR2895090A1 (en) 2007-06-22
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ES2313592T3 (en) 2009-03-01
ATE404841T1 (en) 2008-08-15

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