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EP1881083B1 - Pièce en acier à haute résistance mécanique et sa utilisation - Google Patents

Pièce en acier à haute résistance mécanique et sa utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1881083B1
EP1881083B1 EP07014185A EP07014185A EP1881083B1 EP 1881083 B1 EP1881083 B1 EP 1881083B1 EP 07014185 A EP07014185 A EP 07014185A EP 07014185 A EP07014185 A EP 07014185A EP 1881083 B1 EP1881083 B1 EP 1881083B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
mpa
elongation
break
takes place
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07014185A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1881083A1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Diekmann
Thomas SÄUBERLICH
Andreas Frehn
Karsten Bake
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Benteler Stahl Rohr GmbH
Original Assignee
Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Benteler Stahl Rohr GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH, Benteler Stahl Rohr GmbH filed Critical Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1881083A1 publication Critical patent/EP1881083A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1881083B1 publication Critical patent/EP1881083B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a workpiece made of a high-strength steel alloy and its manufacture and use.
  • Air hardening steel alloys have the advantage that they already have a high strength in the normalized state. They are only slightly influenced by the strength of joining processes such as welding and soldering and at the same time have a high tempering resistance in the hot dip galvanizing, z. B. in the high-temperature galvanizing.
  • Classic air-hardening steel materials are based on the CrMoV concept with Mo contents between 0.4% and 0.6% and V contents between 0.1% and 0.2%. Due to the sharp increase in raw material costs, classic CrMoV steels are in the range of mass applications, such as e.g. in the automotive industry, generally no longer economically viable.
  • An alternative alloying concept is the MnTiB concept, which is known from water-hardening steels.
  • MnTiB concept By adding molybdenum and tungsten to the MnTiB concept, as in the DE 10 2004 053 620 A1 proposed, air-hardening properties are achieved at low C-contents at high elongation at break.
  • the raw material costs for the alloying elements are very high.
  • air-hardening materials with C contents of between 0.09% and 0.12% achieve considerable strengths of up to 1200 MPa and a comparatively high elongation at break or toughness due to the low C contents, they undergo rapid cooling.
  • continuous casting tend to above-average failure rates due to poor surfaces. The reason is to be seen in the peritectic solidification with the result that a reworking of the material is necessary.
  • the invention is based on the object to show a workpiece using a high-strength, air-hardening steel alloy with a cost-effective alloy concept and its production, which is particularly suitable for use in motor vehicle construction.
  • the setting of the hardenability in the alloy type is carried out primarily by adding manganese and chromium in cooperation with titanium and niobium.
  • Essential for achieving a high elongation at break with high tensile strengths is the addition of niobium and the adjustment of a controlled N content together with titanium, niobium and boron and a suitable thermomechanical treatment of the material. In this procedure can be dispensed with the costly alloying elements molybdenum and vanadium.
  • the microalloying concept allows the A5 elongation at break to be increased from 10% to 16% through targeted thermomechanical treatment during hot strip production and also during the production of seamless pipes.
  • the thermomechanical treatment provides for control of rolling temperatures, picking and cooling control after rolling. This allows a bainitic structure with bainite contents greater than 80% with particle sizes below 10 microns and especially below 5 microns can be adjusted so that there are high elongation at break values.
  • the high strength can be adjusted not only by the thermomechanical treatment, but also by an additional heat treatment, in particular by hardening and tempering.
  • a semifinished product of the alloy of sheet metal or tube according to the invention can first be used in the soft, ferritic-pearlitic state.
  • This condition can be achieved by an annealing treatment or by setting suitable reel temperatures during belt production.
  • the soft ferritic-pearlitic state is characterized by a yield strength Rp 0.2 of 500 MPa and a high elongation at break A5 of more than 25% and allows a very good cold working of the semi-finished products.
  • the increased process reliability during thermoforming or hardening in the forming tool is a significant advantage in the production of the workpieces from the steel alloy according to the invention.
  • the problem may arise that arise between the cold tool and the abhorred structural component geometry-dependent air gaps, which inevitably adversely affect the homogeneity of the desired high cooling rate in the forming tool.
  • an inventive workpiece made of the air-hardening steel material can be produced by thermoforming with increased process reliability getting produced.
  • Workpieces made of conventional water-quenched materials sometimes show local tensile strengths Rm of less than 850 MPa in areas which, due to errors in the tool geometry, led to uneven cooling conditions.
  • the material according to the invention exhibits a homogeneous tensile strength of more than 1,300 MPa in the tool-tempered state, even in the case of significant irregularities in the process.
  • workpieces according to the invention have advantages in terms of weldability and in terms of tempering behavior.
  • Usual steels for tooling e.g. a 25MnB5 steel show disadvantageously in the region of the weld hard toes and in the heat affected zone a hardness drop, so that the component properties are significantly deteriorated in welded areas, So is e.g. For workpieces from a 25MnB5, a drop in hardness to well below 300 HV can be observed.
  • Welding tests on workpieces according to the invention have shown that in the area of the welding zone and the heat-affected zone of the air-hardened or tool-tempered components, no appreciable hardening and no appreciable hardness drop are to be observed.
  • Thermoformed or air hardened workpieces of the present invention may also provide corrosion protection benefits, although it is generally difficult to achieve the highest corrosion protection requirements for thermoformed components. Highest corrosion protection requirements can be achieved with zinc coatings. A conventional electrochemical galvanizing of high-strength thermoformed workpieces is not possible, since there is an embrittlement or cracking due to the influence of hydrogen.
  • a downstream thermal galvanizing in a molten zinc leads in the usual workpieces made of water-resistant steels adversely to a high strength drop, which almost completely eliminates the tempering effect of hot forming
  • the use of mecanicalumlnierter sheets has adversely the much poorer corrosion protection of aluminum compared to zinc, Difficulties in processing, for example, by the formation of adhesions on the forming tools, as well as high costs.
  • the workpieces according to the invention made from the steel alloy according to the invention advantageously permit thermal galvanization without substantial loss of strength. It could even be shown that after hot-dip galvanizing in a zinc-aluminum melt at a process temperature of 400-450 ° C, the yield strength of the thermoformed components increased from 1,000 MPa to over 1,100 MPa. This can be produced at the same time advantageously high-strength and highly corrosion-resistant workpieces.
  • Workpieces according to the invention also show the advantage of low-heat-treatment. By air hardening, the surface can be better protected against scaling, which has an advantageous effect on subsequent processing and coating processes.
  • Workpieces produced according to the invention are preferably suitable for seamless or welded steel pipes.
  • workpieces can be used as thick-walled, torque-transmitting components in the form of drive shafts, gearbox parts or camshafts for motor vehicles.
  • Workpieces according to the invention may preferably be used in a forming tool for use as motor vehicle construction parts be hardened, since it is precisely in this area that essential process steps can be optimized.
  • the automotive components in the cured state may have tensile strengths Rm in a range of from 1200 MPa to 1500 MPa at a yield point Rp 0.2> 900 MPa and at an elongation at break A5 within a range of 8% -16%.
  • tensile strengths Rm in a range of from 1200 MPa to 1500 MPa at a yield point Rp 0.2> 900 MPa and at an elongation at break A5 within a range of 8% -16%.
  • tensile strengths Rm of> 1,000 MPa with a yield strength Rp 0.2> 750 MPa and with an elongation at break A5> 14% result in the air-hard state.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Pièce en alliage d'acier à haute résistance, composée des parts massiques suivantes carbone (C) 0,11 à 0,18 silicium (Si) 0,10 à 0,30 manganèse (Mn) 1,60 à 2,20 phosphore (P) < 0,0015 soufre (S) < 0,010 chrome (Cr) 1,00 à 2,00 azote (N) < 0,020 niobium (Nb) 0,020 à 0,060 bore (B) 0,001 à 0,004 titane (Ti) 0,001 à 0,050
    et le restant étant du fer et des impuretés dues au processus de fusion, dans laquelle a lieu une étape de fabrication par des techniques de mise en forme à partir d'un demi-produit sous la forme d'une tôle ou d'un tube avec structure ductile ferritique-perlitique et ensuite un traitement thermique par austénitisation au-dessus de Ac3, suivi d'un refroidissement à l'air, suivi d'un traitement optionnel de revenu, la pièce fabriquée de cette façon présentant une résistance à la traction Rm > 1200 MPa avec un allongement à la rupture A5 > 12 %.
  2. Pièce en alliage d'acier à haute résistance présentant la composition chimique selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle a lieu une étape de fabrication par des techniques de mise en forme à partir d'un demi-produit sous la forme d'une tôle ou d'un tube avec une structure ductile ferritique-perlitique présentant un allongement à la rupture A5 > 25 % pour une température de mise en forme au-dessous de 400°C et ensuite un traitement thermique par austénitisation au-dessus de Ac3, suivi d'un refroidissement à l'air à des vitesses de refroidissement entre 0,5 et 5 °C/seconde, suivi d'un traitement optionnel de revenu, la pièce fabriquée de cette façon présentant une résistance à la traction Rm > 1200 MPa avec un allongement à la rupture A5 > 12 %.
  3. Pièce selon la revendication 1 en alliage d'acier à haute résistance, composée des parts massiques suivantes : carbone (C) 0,13 à 0,17 silicium (Si) 0,10 à 0,30 manganèse (Mn) 1,80 à 2,10 phosphore (P) < 0,0015 soufre (S) < 0,010 chrome (Cr) 1,25 à 1,60 azote (N) < 0,020 niobium (Nb) 0,020 à 0,040 bore (B) 0,001 à 0,004 titane (Ti) 0,001 à 0,050
    et le restant étant du fer et des impuretés dues au processus de fusion, dans laquelle l'étape de fabrication par des techniques de mise en forme a lieu en partant d'un demi-produit avec un allongement à la rupture A5 > 25 % pour une température de mise en forme au-dessous de 400°C, et le refroidissement à l'air a lieu avec des vitesses de refroidissement entre 0,5 et 5°C/secondc.
  4. Pièce selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'on utilise comme demi-produit des tubes sans soudure ou des tubes soudés.
  5. Pièce en alliage d'acier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que, après chauffage à une température au-dessus de Ac3 a lieu une mise en forme à chaud et un durcissement dans un outil de mise en forme refroidi à des vitesses de refroidissement > 10°C/seconde, pour la fabrication d'un composant de véhicule automobile.
  6. Pièce selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le composant de véhicule automobile présente dans l'état durci une résistance à la traction Rm dans une plage de 1200 MPa à 1500 MPa, une limite d'allongement Rp0,2 supérieure à 900 MPa, et un allongement à la rupture A5 dans une plage de 8 % à 16 %.
  7. Pièce selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 5 ou 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est revêtue avec un revêtement à base de zinc au moyen d'un zingage au trempé qui fait suite à la mise en forme, dans laquelle le bain de fusion utilisé pour le zingage au trempé contient une proportion de zinc supérieure à 50 % et est réglé à une température de fusion supérieure à 380°C, et la pièce zinguée présente une résistance à la traction Rm dans une plage de 1000 MPa à 1400 MPa, une limite d'allongement Rp0,2 supérieure à 900 MPa et un allongement à la rupture A5 dans une plage de 8 % à 16 %.
  8. Utilisation de la pièce selon la revendication 4 pour des composants qui transmettent un couple de rotation, sous la forme d'arbres d'entraînement, d'arbres de transmission ou d'arbres à cames pour véhicules automobiles.
  9. Utilisation de la pièce selon la revendication 4 pour des structures de châssis de véhicules automobiles reliées par coopération de matières.
  10. Utilisation de la pièce selon la revendication 4 comme composant d'essieu de véhicule automobile.
  11. Utilisation de la pièce fabriquée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 dans la construction légère en acier, dans laquelle la pièce présente une limite d'allongement Rp0,2 > 750 MPa et un allongement à la rupture A5 > 14 %.
EP07014185A 2006-07-19 2007-07-19 Pièce en acier à haute résistance mécanique et sa utilisation Not-in-force EP1881083B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006033813 2006-07-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1881083A1 EP1881083A1 (fr) 2008-01-23
EP1881083B1 true EP1881083B1 (fr) 2009-12-30

Family

ID=38577445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07014185A Not-in-force EP1881083B1 (fr) 2006-07-19 2007-07-19 Pièce en acier à haute résistance mécanique et sa utilisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1881083B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE453733T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102007033950A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008051992B4 (de) 2008-10-16 2011-03-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks, Werkstück und Verwendung eines Werkstückes
DE102010004081C5 (de) * 2010-01-06 2016-11-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum Warmformen und Härten einer Platine
DE102011012428B4 (de) 2011-02-23 2018-03-29 Adient Luxembourg Holding S.à.r.l. Beschlag für einen Fahrzeugsitz
WO2017006144A1 (fr) 2015-07-09 2017-01-12 Arcelormittal Acier pour trempe à la presse et pièce trempée à la presse fabriquée à partir d'un tel acier
CN108474080B (zh) * 2015-11-16 2021-09-21 本特勒尔钢管有限公司 具有高能量吸收能力的钢合金和钢管产品
WO2018220430A1 (fr) 2017-06-02 2018-12-06 Arcelormittal Tôle d'acier destinée à la fabrication de pièces trempées à la presse, pièce trempée à la presse présentant une association de résistance élevée et de ductilité d'impact, et procédés de fabrication de cette dernière
DE102019114090A1 (de) * 2019-05-27 2020-12-03 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines geschweißten Bauteils aus einem umgeformten hochfesten Stahl und Bauteil hierzu
DE102019123334A1 (de) 2019-08-30 2021-03-04 Mannesmann Precision Tubes Gmbh Stahlwerkstoff für eine Antriebswelle, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Antriebswelle aus diesem Stahlwerkstoff und Antriebswelle hieraus

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05302119A (ja) * 1992-03-27 1993-11-16 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高強度自動車部品の製造方法
DE4219336C2 (de) * 1992-06-10 1995-10-12 Mannesmann Ag Verwendung eines Stahls zur Herstellung von Konstruktionsrohren
JPH07331381A (ja) * 1994-06-06 1995-12-19 Nippon Steel Corp 高強度高靭性継目無鋼管およびその製造法
DE10255264A1 (de) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-17 Benteler Stahl/Rohr Gmbh Verwendung einer Stahllegierung als Werkstoff zur Herstellung von dickwandigen Rohrbauteilen für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102004053620A1 (de) * 2004-11-03 2006-05-04 Salzgitter Flachstahl Gmbh Hochfester, lufthärtender Stahl mit ausgezeichneten Umformeigenschaften

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007002467D1 (de) 2010-02-11
DE102007033950A1 (de) 2008-01-31
ATE453733T1 (de) 2010-01-15
EP1881083A1 (fr) 2008-01-23

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