EP1871600B1 - Method for using a printing unit and method for adjusting a print-on position - Google Patents

Abstract

The printing unit has two cylinders which cooperate in a printing group. One of the cylinders is movably mounted so that it can be positioned against the other cylinder by an actuator which is provided as a power-controlled actuator. A controller is provided in which several different preset values representing different levels of contact force are stored in accordance with a criterion that concerns machine data and or consumed material data and or operational data in order to position the cylinder by the actuator. An independent claim is included for a method for adjusting print-on position

Description

The invention relates to methods of using a printing unit and method for setting a print on position according to the preamble of claim 1, 5 or 15 or 26.

The DE 195 34 651 A1 discloses a printing unit with in-plane cylinders, wherein three of four cylinders are mounted linearly movable along the cylinder plane for pressure-on or pressure-off. The storage takes place in arranged on the frame inner wall guide elements. The cylinders are mounted on the common guide elements in carriers and by pressure medium-operated working cylinder to each other on / off. The use of working cylinders compensates for differences in substrate thickness and temperature effects.

In the WO 02/081218 A2 are single linear bearings for two each mounted in carriage transfer cylinder known, wherein an actuator for the carriage can be designed as a cylinder can be acted upon with pressure medium. In order to define an end position for the transverse to the cylinder plane adjusting movement, an adjustable stop is provided.

By the WO 03/025406 A1 discloses a bearing assembly for cylinders, in which a carriage encompassing a linear guide by a frame arranged on the pneumatically, electrically or hydraulically acting actuator is movable.

The DE 88 03 310 U discloses a printing unit with two cylinders, wherein at least one of the cylinders is adjustable by means of an actable with an adjustable pressure actuator to the other cylinder. The actuator supplying pressure medium line is with connected to a setting preselection control or regulating device. The pressure can be adjusted, for example, according to the running speed of the cylinder. For example, a lower speed can be associated with a lower pressure and a higher speed with a higher pressure.

In the DE 199 63 944 C1 discloses a device and a method for setting a roller to a second roller, wherein the roller initially engageable with released stop by means of a preselectable Anstelldruckes to the other roller, and after positioning of the stop with a much higher "holding pressure" to the stop can be pressed , About a control device, the drives and actuators are controllable. The setpoints for the presettable pressures are adjustable. By the method, a rapid pre-setting of the rollers, also to compensate for changes in diameter during production and / or Shore hardness changes possible.

By the GB 890,943A is a direct printing process printing machine disclosed, wherein a forme cylinder is druckmittelbetätigt against an impression cylinder can be adjusted. A relatively higher contact pressure is advantageous for normal, a lower contact pressure for very thin passed between the form cylinder and counter-pressure cylinder materials. The hiring is carried out by means of fluid-operated adjusting means, wherein selectively via valves the higher or lower Anstelldruck can be acted upon.

The DE 26 38 750 A1 also relates to a printing unit operating in the direct printing method, wherein the adjustment of fine control valves, depending on the engraving of the printed image, selects the corresponding forces between the impression roller and the forme cylinder.

The invention has for its object to provide methods for using a printing unit and method for setting a print-on position.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1, 5 bzw.15 or 26.

The advantages achievable with the invention are, in particular, that without great mechanical intervention, an optimum setting force for the respective conditions at the nip points of the printing unit can be set. The adjustment does not have to take place via path-induced indirect methods and can therefore be carried out in a simple manner for the operating personnel. Often, the effort has been spared so far and despite different conditions -. B. different paper properties - printed with a single setting as a compromise. A waiver of a change due to the high cost and printing in a compromise setting must not be with the execution of the invention.

Overall, it is advantageous that a particularly simple and directly directed to the printing technology relevant directed points of the printing cylinder is created.

The achievable with the present invention consist in the fact that a simple to manufacture and / or easy-to-use printing unit is created at the same time high print quality.

It is particularly advantageous that the printing cylinder with predefined force, d. H. force controlled, are adjustable.

The execution of the linear bearings with movable stops allows a pressure-related setting of the cylinder and further an automatic basic setting - for a new configuration, a new blanket, another substrate (eg paper type) etc.

By using linear guides for the printing cylinder, an ideal installation position of the cylinder is achieved with respect to possible cylinder oscillations. Besides are realized by the cylinder bearing in linear guides small travel and therefore no sync spindle required. The complex installation of three-ring bearings is eliminated.

Inside on the side frames, the same non-penetrating cylinder bearings allow side workers without specific bearing bores. The storage inside of the side frames allows in addition to the simple installation and the reduction of cylinder pin, which has a vibration-reducing effect.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Druckeinheit;

Fig. 2

eine erste Betriebsstellung einer teilbaren Druckeinheit;

Fig. 3

eine zweite Betriebsstellung einer teilbaren Druckeinheit;

Fig. 4

4 eine Variante für eine teilbare Druckeinheit;

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf ein Doppeldruckwerk;

Fig. 6

ein schematischer Längsschnitt durch eine Lagereinheit;

Fig. 7

ein schematischer Querschnitt durch eine Lagereinheit;

Fig. 8

eine erste Lageranordnung eines Doppeldruckwerkes;

Fig. 9

eine zweite Lageranordnung eines Doppeldruckwerkes;

Fig. 10

eine Prinzipskizze zur Lagerung und Einstellung der Zylinder;

Fig. 11

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Verschaltung einer Druckmittelversorgung;

Fig. 12

eine Lagereinheit mit Mitteln zur Schrägstellung eines Zylinders;

Fig. 13

eine Ausführung eines Haltemittels für einen Anschlag der Lagereinheit gemäß Fig. 11;

Fig. 14

eine Ausführung eines Aktorelementes;

Fig. 15

eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Linearlagers aus Fig. 6.

Fig. 16

eine zweite Ausführung der Lagereinheit;

Fig. 17

eine dritte Ausführung der Lagereinheit;

Fig. 18

eine vierte Ausführung der Lagereinheit;

Fig. 19

eine fünfte Ausführung der Lagereinheit;

Fig. 20

eine schematische Darstellung einer I-Druckeinheit;

Fig. 21

eine zweite Ausführung für eine Verschaltung einer Druckmittelversorgung;

Fig. 22

ein Beispiel einer ersten Programmmaske für die Anwahl des Kriteriums "Papierauswahl";

Fig. 23

ein Beispiel einer zweiten Programmmaske für die Anwahl der Kriterien "Papierauswahl" und "Drucktuchauswahl".

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a printing unit;

Fig. 2

a first operating position of a separable printing unit;

Fig. 3

a second operating position of a separable printing unit;

Fig. 4

4 shows a variant for a separable printing unit;

Fig. 5

a plan view of a double printing;

Fig. 6

a schematic longitudinal section through a storage unit;

Fig. 7

a schematic cross section through a storage unit;

Fig. 8

a first bearing assembly of a double printing unit;

Fig. 9

a second bearing arrangement of a double printing unit;

Fig. 10

a schematic diagram for storage and adjustment of the cylinder;

Fig. 11

an embodiment of an interconnection of a pressure medium supply;

Fig. 12

a bearing unit with means for inclining a cylinder;

Fig. 13

an embodiment of a holding means for a stop of the storage unit according to Fig. 11 ;

Fig. 14

an embodiment of an actuator element;

Fig. 15

an enlarged view of the linear bearing Fig. 6 ,

Fig. 16

a second embodiment of the storage unit;

Fig. 17

a third embodiment of the storage unit;

Fig. 18

a fourth embodiment of the storage unit;

Fig. 19

a fifth embodiment of the storage unit;

Fig. 20

a schematic representation of an I-pressure unit;

Fig. 21

a second embodiment for an interconnection of a pressure medium supply;

Fig. 22

an example of a first program mask for the selection of the criterion "Paper Selection";

Fig. 23

an example of a second program mask for selecting the "paper selection" and "blanket selection" criteria.

A printing machine, z. B. web-fed rotary printing press, in particular a multi-color web-fed rotary printing press, has a printing unit 01, in which a substrate 02, z. B. a web of material 02, short web 02 on both sides simply or in particular successively on both sides repeatedly, z. B. here four times, or multiple webs simultaneously one or more times by printing units 04 are printable. It can also be provided one or more printing units 01 or printing units 04, in which a web 02 at the printing point 05 is only one-sided printable. The printing units 04 have printing cylinder 06; 07, which are to be set in pairs in print-on.

The methods and / or devices shown below may also be advantageously applied to printing units 04, in which the printing material 02 is not web-shaped, but is formed as a sheet.

It is essential that one or more of the printing cylinder 06; 07 - at least for the period of setting a Wegbegrenzenden stop - force controlled to each other are adjustable. Thus, the Anstelllage is found, which is based directly on the relevant parameters for printing "force" or "Anstelldruck" and is not determined by a detour, such as measuring and setting a width of the impression strip.

The storage and the actuators for this operating principle can be configured in many ways and will be described in more detail below. Likewise, this principle can be used in printing units 04 or printing units 01 of different design be in the use of the principle of operation is described with reference to an advantageous embodiment of a printing unit 01 or advantageous embodiment of a printing unit 04.

According to the invention, the printing unit 01 has a plurality of (in the present case four) vertically stacked double printing units 03 for double-sided printing in rubber-against-rubber operation. The double printing units 03 - shown here in the form of bridge or n-printing units - are each formed by two printing units 04, which each have a cylinder 06 formed as a transfer cylinder 06 and cylinder 07 as a forme cylinder; 07, z. B. printing cylinder 06; 07, and in each case have an inking unit 08 and in the case of wet offset printing additionally a dampening unit 09. In each case between the two transfer cylinders 06 a (double) pressure point 05 is formed in Anstelllage. The above components are only on the top double printing unit 03 of Fig. 1 denotes, wherein the stacked (double) printing units 03; 04, however, essentially - are executed identically - in particular in the embodiment of the relevant features of the invention. The double printing units 03 can - as well as the below-described advantageous feature of the linear arrangement - as well contrary to the illustration in Fig. 1 as an upwardly opening U unit.

As in FIGS. 2 and 3 described, the printing unit 01 in an advantageous embodiments z. B. in the middle, ie in the region of the double pressure point (s) 05, or as in Fig. 4 represented between form cylinder (s) 07 and inking unit (s) 08 operatively designed to be divisible. Additionally are in FIGS. 2 and 3 by way of example, two supply systems 75.1 explained in greater detail below; Indicated 75.2 for pressure medium.

Like also in Fig. 2 and 4 By way of example, the inking units 08 (and possibly dampening units 09) can be constructed as modules already having a plurality of rollers with their own frame 16 or a frame construction 16 and as pre-assembled modules be used in the printing unit 01 can be used. As explained in more detail below, the cylinder 06; 07 associated with them bearing units 14 may be formed as preassembled or preassembled cylinder units 17. In an advantageous embodiment, the axes of rotation of the printing cylinder 06; 07 of a printing unit 04 in pressure-An be substantially lying in a common plane E lying. The plane E takes z. B. an angle between 76 ° and 87 °, in particular between 80 ° and 85 ° to the plane of the inlet web.

In the following FIGS. 2 and 3 an advantageous embodiment of the printing unit 01 is shown, wherein this is in the range of their double pressure point (s) 05, operationally, ie for setup and maintenance purposes (in contrast to disassembly or disassembly), designed to be divisible. The two separable parts are referred to here with partial pressure units 01.1 and 01.2.

For this purpose, the printing cylinder 06; 07 of the plurality of (four) stacked double printing units 03 rotatable in or on a right and a left frame or wall section 11; 12, z. B. side frame 11; 12 stored in such a way that the two printing cylinder 06; 07 of the same printing unit 04 the same frame or wall section 11; 12 is assigned. Preferably, the printing cylinder 06; 07 more, in particular all the web 02 on the same side printing printing 04 on the same frame or wall section 11; 12 stored. The printing cylinder 06; 07 can in principle only one-sided, d. H. be stored flying on only one end frame frame sections 11. Preferably, however, each partial pressure unit 01.1; 01.2 two front side to the cylinders 06; 07 arranged frame sections 11; 12 provided. The two separable partial pressure units 01.1 and 01.2 have the respective frame sections 11; 12 and printing units 04 (printing cylinder 06, 07 and inking units 08) on.

The partial printing units 01.1; 01.2 are along a direction perpendicular to Rotation axis of the cylinder 06; 07 to each other or movable away from each other by preferably one of both spatially fixed (here partial printing unit 01.1), ie, for example, on a floor 13 of the printing room, a fixed space carrier 13, a mounting plate 13 or a mounting frame 13 for the printing unit 01 stationary, and the Other (here partial printing unit 01.2) movable relative to the bottom 13 or support 13 or mounting plate 13 or mounting frame 13 (hereinafter carrier 13) is mounted.

For this purpose, the outer frame sections 12 in mutually corresponding, in non-illustrated bearing elements of the frame portion 12 and the carrier 13, z. B. together a linear guide 15 forming, stored. These can be designed as running in rails rollers or as a sliding or rolling body mounted mutually associated linear guide elements.

Preferably, the wall sections 11; 12 designed such that in their operating position A ( Fig. 2 ) are formed on their mutually facing side in pairs substantially complementary to each other form and together at their parting lines or lines of collision nevertheless form a substantially closed side front.

Fig. 3 shows a maintenance position B of the printing unit 01 (without the in Fig. 2 indicated bearing units 14), wherein the relative position of the partial pressure units 01.1; 01.2 each other by moving the frame sections 12 is effected. The relative position can in principle be achieved in another embodiment by both partial pressure units 01.1; 01.2 or their frame sections 11; 12 are movably mounted.

In a variant ( Fig. 4 ) of a separable printing unit 01 is the side frame 11; 12 not divisible in the manner that the printing cylinder 06; 07 separated at the pressure point 05 are, but it is the printing cylinder 06; 07 in or on a common side frame 11; 12 stored undivided, while on both sides of the inking units 08 receiving wall sections 18 in an operating position A (not shown) or a maintenance position B (shown) can be brought. The division takes place here between form cylinder 07 and color and possibly dampening 08, 09.

Shaping and transfer cylinder 07; 06 can in an advantageous format design with a bale width of at least four, z. B. four or for particularly high product output six, juxtaposed standing printed pages in newspaper format, especially in broadsheet format, be formed. Thus, a double-width web 02 side by side with four or a three-width web 02 printed side by side with six newspaper pages, and the forme cylinder 07 corresponding to four or six printing plates, in particular aligned with their ends to each other, adjacent to each other. In a first format design, the cylinder 06; 07 has a circumference which essentially corresponds to two printed pages arranged one behind the other in a newspaper format, in particular in broadsheet format.

In the embodiments of the printing unit 01 with double-format cylinders 07 (two newspaper pages circumferentially one behind the other), this advantageously has two circumferentially offset by 180 ° channels for receiving the printing plates, which are preferably formed continuously over the entire effective bale length. The forme cylinder 07 can then be equipped with four or six printing forms side by side and two printing plates in succession.

The transfer cylinder 06 has a double large format (two newspaper pages in the scope behind each other) in one embodiment z. B. only one channel for receiving one or more juxtaposed blankets, which is preferably formed continuously over the entire effective bale length. Of the Transfer cylinder 06 can then be equipped with a continuous over the bale length and extending over substantially the full extent or with two or three over substantially the full extent reaching blankets juxtaposed. In another embodiment of the double-sized transfer cylinder 06, this two or three blankets can have side by side, wherein the respective adjacent to each other are offset by 180 ° in the circumferential direction. These mutually offset blankets can be held in two or three channel sections, which are also adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 06, the adjacent channel sections in the circumferential direction, however, are mutually offset by 180 °.
In another embodiment, the cylinder 06; 07 but also with a simple scope - a print page in particular newspaper page in the circumferential direction - be formed. It may be the transfer cylinder 06 also formed with double circumference and the forme cylinder 07 with a simple scope. In printing units 04 for commercial printing, the cylinder 06; 07 may also be formed with circumferences corresponding to four lying tabloid sides.

In principle, the inking unit 08 may be formed in different ways. So it can be like in Fig. 1 exemplified z. B. as einzughiges roller inking system 08 z. B. with two Reibzylindern (eg., From the newspaper printing) or as exemplified in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shown as short inking units 08 may be formed using a cup or scouring raster having hops. In unillustrated embodiment, it can also be used as a roller inking unit 08 with two color trains and z. B. three friction cylinders (eg., From the commercial printing) to be executed.

In the case of dry offset is per unit 04 an inking 08, but no dampening 09 provided. In wet offset is supplied by the dampening unit 09, strictly separated from the inking unit 08 or parallel connected via a bridge roller with the inking unit 08, fountain solution.

The dampening unit 09 can be used as a dampening unit 09 with at least three rollers (in Fig. 1 represented). Preferably, the dampening unit 09 as so-called. Contactless dampening unit 09, in particular spray dampening 09, executed. Like also in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicated, the printing units 04 may each have a handling device 19 to support the printing form change. In a preferred embodiment, the handling device 19 is designed as an at least semi-automatic or even fully automatic printing plate changer 19.

Regardless of the below-described, advantageous embodiment of the storage as a storage unit 14 and their special training and arrangement is a pressure on-places of printing cylinders 06; 07 or at least a pressure-on points in the context of presetting a wegbegrenzenden stop by means of at least one actuator 43, in particular by a force-controlled or a force defined actuator 43, by means of which for employment a defined or definable force F in pressure An-direction on the cylinder 06; 07 or its pin can be brought. The decisive for the color transfer and thus the print quality, inter alia, line force in the Nippstellen is therefore not by an indirect parameter such. B. a measured impression strip, but by the balance of forces between the force F and between the cylinders 06; 07 resulting line force F _L and the resulting equilibrium defined.

For basic adjustment of a system, it is therefore provided in an advantageous embodiment that at least one cylinder 06 (07) during a period when setting - without effective travel limit to the pressure point - only force controlled to the adjacent cylinder 06 (07) can be adjusted. Advantageously, at least during a certain period of the adjustment process, a cylinder 06 involved in the pressure point 05 can be fixed in a defined position, advantageously in the position of adjustment found by the equilibrium of forces, or at least delimited in the direction of the pressure point 05.

In the following, the o. G. Principle of force-controlled adjusting (at least during the setting process) described in advantageous embodiments for the storage and the actuator.

Fig. 5 shows in plan view of the side frames in bearings 14 rotatably mounted cylinder 06; 07. In the version with modules designed as cylinder units 17 (see below) Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 ) have z. B. a cylinder 06; 07 with pin 21; 22 and one already on the pin 21; 22 pre-loaded (biased and / or preset) storage unit 14 on. Bearing unit 14 and cylinder 06; 07 get before their insertion into the printing unit 01 their firmly defined position to each other and are collectively in the printing unit 01 introduced.

In an advantageous embodiment of the printing unit 01 is provided, the cylinder 06; 07 in storage units 14 on the side frames 11; 12 rotatably store, which the escape of the side frames 11; 12 do not penetrate and / or the cylinder 06; 07 with her bale 26; 27 including their pin 21; 22 a length L06; L07, which is less than or equal to a clear width L between the printing cylinder 06; 07 to both end faces supporting side frames 11; 12 ( Fig. 5 ). When the printing cylinder 06; 07 to both end faces supporting side frames 11; 12 is preferably not laterally so open side frames, so that the cylinder 06; 07 axially removed, but to side frames 11; 12 which in the axial direction at least partially overlap with the end face of the mounted cylinder 06; 07, ie the cylinder 06; 07, in particular its bearing (see below), is frontally through the two side frames 11; 12 at least partially enclosed.

Preferably, all four printing cylinder 06; 07 (but at least three) has its own storage unit 14, in which the on / off mechanism is already integrated. It can also for three of the four cylinders 06; 07 the on / off mechanism having bearing units 14 and be provided for the fourth storage units 14 without on / off mechanism.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a preferably based on linear trajectories bearing unit 14 in the schematic longitudinal and cross-section. The on / off mechanism integrating bearing unit 14 has in addition to a bearing 31, for. B. radial bearing 31, for example, a cylindrical roller bearing 31, for rotatably supporting the cylinder 06; 07 storage means 32; 33 for a radial movement of the cylinder 06; 07 - for pressure on or pressure off - on. For this purpose, the bearing unit 14 (after mounting the bearing unit 14 frame-fixed) carrier-resistant bearing elements 32 and the movable against these bearing elements 33. The carrier-fixed and movable bearing elements 32; 33 are as co-operating linear elements 32; 33 and formed together with corresponding sliding surfaces or intermediate rolling elements in total as a linear bearing 29. The linear elements 32; 33 take in pairs a radial bearing 31 receiving bearing block 34, z. B. slide 34 between them. Bearing block 34 and the movable bearing elements 33 may also be made in one piece. The carrier-fixed bearing elements 32 are arranged on a carrier 37, which in total with the side frame 11; 12 is connected or is. The carrier 37 is designed for example as a support plate 37, which, for example, at least on a drive side, a recess 38 for the passage of a shaft 39, z. B. drive shaft 39 of an in Fig. 7 not shown pin 21; 22 of a cylinder 06; 07 has. Also, the frame wall 11; 12 on the drive side preferably has a recess or an opening for a drive shaft 39. On the opposite side of the drive side does not necessarily have a recess 38 or a recess in the side frame 12; 11 may be provided.

Preferably, a length of the linear bearing 29, in particular at least a length of the frame-mounted in the mounted state bearing means 32 of the linear bearing 29, viewed in the direction of adjustment S smaller than a diameter of the associated printing cylinder 06; 07th

The coupling of the cylinder 06; 07 or the bearing block 34 on a drive side of the printing unit 01 to a drive, for. B. directly to a drive motor and / or a drive train or gearbox, as in Fig. 6 represented for example via the shaft 39, which at its end near the cylinder end of the pin 21; 22 includes and for example via a clamping device 24 with the pin 21; 22 is torsionally rigid connected. The clamping device 24 is here for example as z. T. slotted hollow shaft end formed, which comprises the journal end (pin 21, 22) and is to be pulled together by means of a screw in such a way that a frictional rotationally fixed connection between the journal end (pin 21, 22) and hollow shaft inner surface can be produced. The coupling can also in other ways, for. B. in the circumferential direction having a positive connection, be executed. The shaft 39 is through a recess in the side frame 11; 12 out, which is sufficiently large for the movement of the shaft 39 is dimensioned together with the bearing block 34 and which z. B. is formed in the manner of a slot. As a protection against dirt, a cover 28 may be provided with a slot overlapping the collar, which z. B. with the bearing block 34, but not connected to the shaft 39.

At the cylinder-distal end of the shaft 39 is as in Fig. 6 represented one of possibly a plurality of series-arranged coupling 40, in particular multi-plate clutch 40, by a non-rotatable connection 36, z. B. a clamping element 36, coupled. In another embodiment, not shown directly a drive motor or directly a gearbox with drive motor without angle and / or offset compensating coupling to the shaft 39 can be coupled. In this embodiment, the drive motor z. B. not fixed to the frame, but arranged cylinder-tight and is connected to the cylinder 06; 07 moved.

The formation of the linear bearings 29 in such a way that the cooperating bearing elements 32; 33 both on the assembly storage unit 14 - and not a part of the side frame 11; 12 of the printing unit 01 - are provided, allows pre-assembly and pre-adjustment or adjustment of the bearing voltage. The advantageous arrangement of the two bearing block 34 encompassing linear bearing 29 allows a backlash-free setting, since the two linear bearings 29 are opposed in such a way that the bearing preload and the bearing forces an essential component in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cylinder 06; 07 learn or record. The linear bearings 29 are thus adjustable in the direction to which it is at play-free positions of the cylinder 06; 07 also arrives.

In the Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 Identifiable linear bearings 29 (32, 33) thus each have pairings of corresponding cooperating bearing means 32 and 33 or their guide or effective surface areas, designed as sliding surfaces (not shown) or with rolling elements 23 arranged therebetween. As in Fig. 15 illustrated, in a preferred embodiment, at least one of the two advantageous two linear bearings 29 of a bearing unit 14 designed such that the two corresponding bearing means 32 and 33 each have at least two guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2; 33.1; 33.2, which lie in two mutually inclined planes. The two guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2; 33.1; 33.2 (or their planes E1, E2) of the same bearing means 32; 33 are z. B. V-shaped to each other, for. B. with an intermediate angle between 30 to 60 °, in particular between 40 and 50 °, inclined. The two guide surfaces 33.1; 33.2; 32.1; 32.2 of the cooperating bearing means 33; 32 are inclined to complementary shape. At least one of the two pairings of cooperating guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2; 33.1; 33.2 is parallel to a plane E1, which has a component not equal to zero in the radial direction of the cylinder axis and thereby the degree of freedom of movement in a purely axial direction of the cylinder 06; 07 stops. Preferably, both pairings lie to planes E1; E2, which both have a component not equal to zero in the radial direction of the cylinder axis, but in reverse tilt against the cylinder axis and thereby the degree of freedom of movement in both axial directions of the cylinder 06; 07 stop. A section line of the two planes E1; E2 is parallel to the direction S

Is, as in Fig. 6 to recognize the bearing block 34 between the two, two pairs of co-operating guide surfaces 32.1, 33.1 and 32.2; Contained 33.2 having linear bearings 29, biased in particular with a bias, so the bearing block 34 only a single degree of freedom of movement along the direction of adjustment S on.

The inclined active or guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2; 33.1; 33.2 are arranged so that they a relative movement of the bearing parts of the linear bearing 29 in the axial direction of the cylinder 06; Counteract 07, d. H. the bearing is "tied off" in the axial direction.

Preferably, the linear bearings 29 both a cylinder 06; 07 frontally associated bearing units 14 two mutually arranged pairs of cooperating guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2; 33.1; 33.2. In this case, however, advantageously at least one of the two radial bearings 31 of the two bearing units 14 has a slight bearing clearance Δ31 in the axial direction.

In Fig. 6 and Fig. 15 have the guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2 of the frame-fixed bearing means 32 of the linear guide 29 in the pin 21; 22 facing half space. The frame-fixed bearing means 32 engage around the bearing block 34 arranged between them. The frame-fixed guide surfaces 32.1; 32.2 of the two linear bearings 29 thus partially surround the guide surfaces 33.1; 33.2 of the bearing block 34 with respect to an axial direction of the cylinder 06; 07th

For correct placement of the storage units 14, and cylinder units 17 together with storage unit 14, assembly aids 51, z. B. dowel pins 51 in the side frame 11; 12 may be provided, to which the bearing unit 14 of the fully assembled cylinder unit 17 is aligned, before they by releasable holding means 53, z. B. Screws 53, or even cohesively by welding to the side frame 11; 12 are connected. For the adjustment of the bearing preload in the linear bearings 29, which can be adjusted before insertion into the printing unit 01 and / or post-insertion, corresponding means 54, e.g. B. clamping screws 54 may be provided ( Fig. 6 ). Preferably, the bearing unit 14 - at least to the cylinder side - by a cover 57 largely protected against contamination or even encapsulated executed as a unit.

In Fig. 6 is schematically the cylinder 06; 07 with pin 21; 22 and a preassembled storage unit 14. This module can thus be preassembled between the side frames 11; 12 of the printing unit 01 used for easy installation and attached to designated locations. Preferably for a modular design, the bearing units 14 for forming and transfer cylinders 07; 06 - if necessary, except for the permitted operational size of the travel - identical design. Due to the pre-assembled design, the effective inner surface of the radial bearing 31 and the outer effective lateral surface of the pin 21; 22 be cylindrical instead of tapered, since both the mounting of the bearing unit 14 on the pin 21; 22 as well as the setting of the bearing clearance outside of the printing unit 01 can be done. The storage unit 14 can be shrunk, for example.

The mountable as a whole unit (storage unit 14) is advantageous in the manner of an optionally partially open housing of z. B. the carrier 37, and / or z. B. a frame (in Fig. 7 z. B. the four bearing unit 14 to all four sides outwardly bounding side beams 92; 93; 94; 96, z. B. side plates 92; 93; 94; 96) and / or z. B. the cover 57 ( Fig. 6 ). Within this housing or this frame of the radial bearing 31 having bearing block 34, the linear guides 29 and in an advantageous embodiment, for. B. the actuator 43 and the actuators 43 housed.

The frame-fixed bearing elements 32 are arranged substantially parallel to each other and define a direction of adjustment ( Fig. 7 ).

Pressing is effected by moving the bearing block 34 in the direction of the pressure point by means of a force F applied to the bearing block 34 by at least one actuator 43, in particular by a force-controlled or force-defined actuator 43, by means of which a defined resp . definable force F in print-on direction on the bearing block 34 can be brought ( Fig. 7 ). The decisive for the color transfer and thus the print quality, among other line force in the Nippstellen is therefore not by a travel, but by the balance of power between the force F and between the cylinders 06; 07 resulting line force F _L and the resulting equilibrium defined. In a first, not specifically illustrated embodiment cylinder 06; 07 employed in pairs by the bearing block 34 is acted upon by the correspondingly set force F on the / the Aktror (s) 43. Are several (eg three or four) in direct succession adjacent pairs cooperating cylinders 06; 07 executed without a possibility for fixing or limiting the travel S with a purely force-dependent control mechanism, it is indeed a. With respect to the required pressures (line forces) adjusted system off and subsequently correct again, make a basic setting is due to the z , T. overlapping reactions difficult.

For basic adjustment of a system (with corresponding elevators etc.), it is therefore provided in an advantageous embodiment that at least the two middle of the four cylinders 06 - or in other words, at least all of the two outer cylinders 07 different cylinder 06 at least during a period of time Setting in a defined position, advantageously in the Anstelllage found by the equilibrium of forces, can be fixed or at least wegbegrenzbar.

Particularly advantageous is an embodiment, wherein the bearing block 34 - even during operation - at least in one direction away from the pressure point against a force, eg. B. Spring force, in particular a definable force, is movably mounted. This is - in contrast to the pure travel limit - on the one hand, a maximum line force when working together cylinder 06; 07 defined, and on the other hand a yielding, for example, in a web break with subsequent winder on the cylinder 06; 07, allows.

At a side facing the pressure point 05, the bearing unit 14-at least during the setting process-has a position-adjustable stop 41, which delimits the actuating path to the pressure point 05. The stop 41 can be moved in such a way that the stop surface 44, which acts as a stop, can be varied along the direction of adjustment at least in one region. It is thus an adjustment device (adjustable stop 41) provided in an advantageous embodiment, by means of which the position of a pressure near the end position of the bearing block 34 is adjustable. For Wegbegrenzung / adjustment serves z. B. a wedge drive described below. The placement of the stop 41 can basically be done manually or by means of an actuating means 46 designed as an actuator (46, see below). Next is an advantageous embodiment in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 not shown holding or clamping means provided by means of which the stop 41 can be set in the desired position. Next is at least one resilient element 42, for. B. spring element 42, is provided, which applies a force F _R from the stop 41 in a direction away from the bearing block 34. Ie. the spring element 42 causes a pressure-off in the event that the bearing block 34 is not prevented from moving in any other way. Pressure is applied by moving the bearing block 34 in the direction of the stop 41 by at least one actuator 43, in particular a force-controlled actuator 43, by means of which for employment either a defined or definable force F in pressure-on direction on the bearing block 34th can be brought. If this force F is greater than the restoring force F _{R of} the spring elements 42, the cylinder 06 is set at a corresponding spatial configuration; 07 to the adjacent cylinder 06; 07 and / or a hire of the bearing block 34 to the stop 41st

Ideally, the applied force F, the restoring force F _R and the position of the stop 41 is chosen such that no significant force AF is transferred between the stop 41 and the abutment surface of the bearing block 34 in the set position such that, for example, | ΔF | <0.1 * (F-F _R ), in particular | ΔF | <0.05 * (F-F _R ), ideally | ΔF | ≈ 0. In this case, the contact force between the cylinders 06; 07 substantially determined by the voltage applied by the actuator 43 force F. The decisive for the color transfer and thus the print quality, among other decisive line force in the Nippstellen is therefore not primarily by a travel, but at quasi-free stop 41 by the force F and the resulting balance defined. In principle, after finding the basic setting with the appropriate forces F, it would be conceivable to remove the stop 41 or a corresponding fixation which is effective only during the basic setting.

In principle, the actuator 43 can be embodied as any desired actuator 43 applying a defined force F. Advantageously, the actuator 43 is designed as actuatable by pressure means actuating means 43, in particular as a movable piston 43 by a fluid. Advantageous in terms of possible tilting is the arrangement of several, here two, such actuators 43. As a fluid is preferably because of their incompressibility, a liquid, eg. As oil or water, used. In another embodiment, the actuator 43 as a piezo (piezoelectric force application) or as a magnet (magnetic force application), in particular electromagnet, be formed.

For actuation of the actuators 43, which are designed here as hydraulic pistons 43, a controllable valve 56 is provided either inside or outside of the bearing unit 14. This is performed, for example, electronically controlled and provides the hydraulic piston 43 in a position without pressure or at least to a lower pressure level, while in another position of the force F conditional pressure P is applied. In addition, a non-designated leakage line is provided here for safety.

In order to avoid too large An- / Abstellwege and still hedge Bahnwickler, 34 can be used as an overload protection 49, z. B. spring element 49, may be provided which in the operational pressure-Ab, d. H. the pistons 43 are relieved and / or retracted, although serve as a stop 49 for the bearing block 34 in pressure-off position, in the case of a railway winder or other excessive forces from the pressure point 05 ago, however, gives way and releases a larger path. A spring force of this overload protection 49 is therefore chosen to be greater than the sum of the forces from the spring elements 42. When operational on / off is therefore only a very short travel, z. B. only 1 to 3 mm, providable.

The stop 41 is in the illustrated embodiment ( Fig. 7 ) as transversely to the direction of adjustment S movable wedge 41 executed, wherein the same moves the position of the respective effective stop surface 44 along the direction of adjustment S varies. The wedge 41 is supported for example on a carrier-fixed stop 58. The carrier-fixed stop 58 is here z. B. formed by a side support 92 of the bearing unit 14.

The executed here as a wedge 41 stop 41 is by an actuator 46, for example, a pressure medium actuatable actuating means 46 such as a pressure medium-actuated piston 46 in a working cylinder with (double-acting) piston via a z. B. designed as a piston rod 47 transfer member 47 or by an electric motor via a designed as a threaded spindle transfer member 47, movable. This actuator 46 can either be effective in both directions or, as shown here, be designed as a one-way actuator, which operates against a return spring 48 when activated. The force of the return spring 48 is selected from the above reasons (largely force-free stop 41) so weak that the wedge 41 is held only in its correct position against gravity or vibration forces.

In principle, the stop 41 can also be designed in a different manner (eg as a plunger adjustable and fixable to the adjusting direction, etc.) in such a way that it can be varied in the adjusting direction S and-at least during the setting process-fixed stop surface 44 for the movement of the bearing block 34 in the direction of pressure point 05 forms. In a non-illustrated embodiment, a location of the stop 41 is carried out, for example, directly parallel to the direction of adjustment S by a drive means, for example, a pressure medium actuated cylinder with (double-acting) piston or an electric motor.

Fig. 8 shows on executed as a double printing unit 03 printing unit 03 schematically per cylinder 06; 07 an arranged on the side frame 11 storage unit 14. In an advantageous embodiment shown here form in pressure-on position, the centers of rotation of the cylinder 06; 07 an imaginary connecting line or plane E (hereinafter referred to as "linear double printing"). The plane E and the incoming or outgoing web 02 preferably include an internal angle α deviating from 52 °, between 36 and 49 °, in particular between 80 and 48 °. The storage unit 14 of the transfer cylinder 06, in particular all cylinder 06; 07, are in the assembled state in the Fig. 8 illustrated embodiment on the side frame 11 arranged such that their adjustment directions S -. B. reasons of a force-defined pressure-on setting (see below) - with the connection plane E a maximum angle of 15 ° includes, z. B. an acute angle β of about 2 ° to 15 °, in particular 4 to 10 ° form each other. Particularly advantageous in terms of assembly, this arrangement, when the adjustment direction S is horizontal and the web 02 extends substantially vertically.

In a modified version ( Fig. 1 ) of an angular (n- or u-printing unit 03) arranged double printing unit 03 is under the plane E 'the connection plane of the pressure point 05 forming cylinder 06 and below level E "the connection plane between the forming and transfer cylinders 07, 06 are understood, and above referred to the angle β on the direction of adjustment S at least one of the pressure point 05 forming cylinders 06 and the forme cylinder 07 and the plane E 'and E "are related.

One of the pressure point 05 forming cylinder 06 can also be stationary and operationally not adjustable (but possibly adjustable) in the side frame 11; 12 may be arranged, while the other along the adjustment direction S, is movably mounted.

A for switching on / off operational travel along the direction of adjustment S between pressure-off and pressure-on position is z. B. in the transfer cylinder 06 at 0.5 to 3 mm, in particular at 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and the forme cylinder 07 at 1 to 5 mm, in particular at 1 to 3 mm.

When executed as a linear double printing 03, the plane E against the plane of the incoming and outgoing web 02 z. B. an angle α by 75 ° to 88 ° or 92 to 105 °, preferably umα 80 to 86 ° or 96 to 100 °, each on one side of the web (or 96 to 100 ° bzw.α 80 to 86 ° the other side of the track) inclined.

In one in another, in Fig. 9 illustrated embodiment, the bearing units 14 of the transfer cylinder 06, in particular all cylinder 06; 07, arranged in the mounted state on the side frame 11 such that their actuating directions S coincide with the connecting plane E, ie form an acute angle β of about 0 °. All adjustment directions S coincide therewith and are not spaced apart.

Regardless of the in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shown slope of the travel paths to the plane E or E 'or E "(small slope or not) is the schematic example of Fig. 10 below, an advantageous procedure for adjusting the cylinder 06; 07 (here to distinguish between left and right printing unit with the additions "1" and "2") or their pressure on position indicated:

First, a first, the pressure point 05 with defining cylinder 06.1, z. B. transfer cylinder 06.1, in its position in print-on position (ie, actuators 43 are active) within the printing unit 01 and the web 02 by placing the stops 41 (to both end faces) aligned. This can, as indicated here, by one, here by way of example as a manually operable actuator 46 (screw) done. Here, a pressure point defining so-called. "0-position" is determined.

Subsequently, when the stop 41 of the assigned forme cylinder 07.1, d. H. the stop 41 was z. B. previously removed by pulling up, and still activated pressure-on position of the transfer cylinder 06.1, d. H. activated actuators 43 of the transfer cylinder 06.1, for the pressure-on position between the forming and transfer cylinders 07.1; 06.1 desired force F acted upon. This is done here by acting on the actuators 43 of the forme cylinder 07.1 with the desired Anstelldruck P. If an adjustable stop 41 is also provided on the bearing unit 14 of the first forme cylinder 07.1, this stop 41 can now in a first variant substantially force-free in contact with corresponding stop surface of the bearing block 34 are brought to the first forme cylinder 07.1.

When activated pressure-on position (ie each force exerted in the direction of pressure point 05) of the two first cylinder 06.1; 07.1 and pressure-down of the second forme cylinder 07.2 is, during or after the stop 41 of the third cylinder 06.2 is released or was, the second transfer cylinder 06.2 or its bearing block 34 with the desired force (pressure P) for the pressure on -Stellung applied, and brought on reaching the equilibrium of the stop 41 substantially force-free in contact with the corresponding abutment surface of the bearing block 34. In this context, the stop 41 of the first forme cylinder 07.1 may also be in contact with the associated one before, during or subsequently, if not already done in the abovementioned variant Storage block 41 are brought.

In a final step - with free or previously released stop 41 - the second forme cylinder 07.2 or its bearing block 34 brought into pressure-An, while also the associated transfer cylinder 06.2 is also in pressure-on. After reaching stationarity - if a stop 41 provided there - even at the second forme cylinder 07.2 this stop 41 spent substantially force-free in contact with the corresponding abutment surface of the bearing block 34.

In this way, an optimally tuned for the printing process setting of the cylinder 06; 07 of the double printing unit 03 takes place.

In Fig. 11 is an embodiment of an interconnection of a pressure medium supply - suitable for implementing the above-mentioned procedure - shown. An outwardly open or closed fluid reservoir 61 is at a pressure level of a pressure P _L (eg, ambient pressure) which is lower than a pressure corresponding to the restoring force F _{R of} the spring members 42 of a bearing unit 14. The pressure medium (fluid) is passed through a compressor 62, z. As a pump or turbine, compressed to a pressure level P _H or a pressure P _H , which corresponds to at least the pressure level P or pressure P required for the contact force F. In order to keep pressure fluctuations as low as possible by removing pressure medium, compressed fluid can advantageously be stored in a pressure accumulator 63 on the pressure P _H. From the pressure medium branch having the high pressure level P _{H is} depressurized via an actuator 64, in particular an adjustable pressure reducer 64, the pressure level P through the pressure reducer 64 to the suitable and preselected for the pressure-on position pressure level P or Pressure P (corresponding force F, possibly taking into account the restoring force F _R and possibly force AF) is set or adjustable.

In Fig. 11 are dashed lines the required for the pressure medium supply units Fluid reservoir 61, compressor 62, pressure accumulator 63 and adjustable pressure reducer 64 to a supply system 75 summarized. The valves 56 are arranged close to the cylinder outside of the supply system 75, but could also be integrated centrally in this. The fluid reservoir 61 could also be commonly available outside of the supply system 75, centrally available to multiple supply systems 75.

The setting of the pressure reducer 64 can be effected by an adjusting device 98, in particular a control device 98. The adjustment preferably takes place remotely via control line 98 via a signal line 99. In the Fig. 11 In addition to the pressure level designated by P in brackets three pressures P1, P2 and P3 different levels or pressure levels P1, P2 and P3 denotes, which can be provided in an advantageous embodiment either by appropriate control of the pressure reducer 64 in the supply path 66. These pressure levels P1, P2 and P3 correspond to different pressure-on-position force levels (see further development below).

In an advantageous embodiment, not shown, two different pressure levels P (eg P _DS for the contact force at the pressure point and P _DW for the contact force between the printing cylinder 06, 07) via two adjustable, in particular remotely adjustable pressure reducer 64 in two Supply lines 66 may be provided. In an advantageous embodiment, however, the pressure level P _DS for the contact force at the pressure point 05 and the pressure level P _DW for the contact force between the printing unit cylinders 06; 07 are provided. In this case, the pressure level P _DS is during the adjustment, for example, via the pressure regulator for the force at the printing point 05 provided (and via the controller 98 or chosen from the machine control system and the transfer cylinder 06 employed as required initially. Thereafter, the pressure level P _DW for the contact force between form and Transfer cylinder 06; Provided 07 and made the setting of the forme cylinder 07. For the case described below, that different pressure levels P1, P2, P3 (ie, resulting force levels) for adjusting the cylinder 06; 07 are provided as a function of certain machine data and / or certain consumable data and / or specific operating data is initially corresponding to one of several, z. 3, different pressure levels (eg, P _DS1 , P _DS2 , P _DS3 for setting the transfer cylinders 07, and then the forme cylinder 07 set with a few, or one of possible pressure levels P _DW4 , P _DW5 P _DW6 This variant offers a very high degree of adaptation to the conditions optimum for printing.The procedure described below for providing different specifications using the example of P1, P2 and P3 is to be applied to the application with different treatment of transfer cylinder 06 and forme cylinder 07 In this case, a set of default values may be available and maintained for the level concerned with the transfer cylinder 06, while one or more own default values may be maintained for the level concerned with the forme cylinder 07. The pressure reducer 64 is then successively selected with the selected default value for the pressure level P. _DS (from, for example, P _DS1 , P _DS2 , P _DS3 , for example, each paper type) and then with the selected default value for the pressure level P _DW (from z. P _DW4 , P _DW5 , P _DW63 , e.g. B. depending on blanket type) (see Fig. 23 ).

The inputs already related to Fig. 7 said valves 56, in particular multi-way valves, per stellbarem cylinder 06; 07 are now connected to the supply path 66 of the pressure P (or P1, P2, P3). At two above levels for forming and transfer cylinders 06; 07 are the inputs of the movable transfer cylinder 06 associated valves 56 z. B. with the pressure P _DS and the inputs of the forme cylinders 07 associated valves 56 connected to the pressure P _DW . The outputs of the valves 56 are, for. B. via a common return line 101, connected to the fluid reservoir 61. The valves 56 are connected by a Control device 103, z. B. a two control devices 98 and 103 comprehensive common control device, adjustable. Preferably, the adjustment takes place remotely via a signal line 102 from the control device 103 ago.

The controller 98 and / or 103 may, for. B. as a program routine, in a control room 104 or control computer 104 (dashed in Fig. 11 ) be located to control the printing press. If, for example, a command "pressure-on" is output via a program routine or manually via an input means or a switch, the valves 56 of the respective cylinders 06; 07 or printing units 04 are switched by the control device 103 such that the actuators 43 are in communication with the pressure P of the supply line. When command "pressure-down" the valves 56 z. B. switched such that the actuators 43 are in communication with the pressure level P _{L of} the reservoir.

An adjustment of the stops 41 is not purely manually movable executed on the embodied as a pressure medium actuators 46 actuating means 46 is carried out, for example, either advantageously its own, a pressure P _s-providing supply line 67 (shown) or possibly integrated into the aforementioned pressure level P (or P1, P2, P3). As in Fig. 11 illustrated, the pressure P _s providing fluid as a gaseous pressure medium, for. As compressed air, be provided in an open system. An input of a valve 68 connected to the associated actuator 46 communicates with the supply path 67, depending on the configuration of the actuator 46 (acting double-acting in both directions or only in one of two possible directions) one or two outputs of the valve 68 with one or two inputs of the actuator 46 are connected. The valves 68 are preferably by a control device, for. B. by means of the control device 103 adjustable. Preferably, the setting is also carried out remotely actuated by the control device 103 via a signal line 106.

In an in Fig. 11 illustrated development is also for fixing the stop 41st an actuatable holding means 69, for example a plunger, provided by means of which the stop 41 can be kept in its substantially force-free position, without changing its position by relieving pressure-off points. Also, this holding means 69 may be connected for the purpose of actuation or release via corresponding lines and other valves 71 to the pneumatic supply path 67, and advantageously provided by the control device 103. In the illustrated example, the holding means 69 is adapted to the stopper 41 selectively (when activated) frictionally with respect to. The bearing block 34 to terminals.

In an advantageous embodiment, instead of the stop 41 fixing the holding means 69 a in Fig. 13 illustrated holding means 74 is provided, by means of which the transmission member 47, in particular the piston rod 47 or a corresponding extension piece, can be clamped. The holding means 74 may be integrated in the actuator 46, or as shown between actuator 46 and stop 41 may be arranged in such a manner that the transmission member 47 is either fixable or freely movable in its direction of movement. The holding means 74 has, for example, two jaws 76 with openings 77 or at least recesses for encompassing the transfer member 47, which are in operative connection with the transfer member 47 in such a way that they are in a first operating state in which the longitudinal axis of the apertures 77 parallel to the transfer member 47th run, the transmission member 47 release, and in a second operating state in which the longitudinal axes of the apertures 77 relative to the longitudinal axis of the transfer member 47 tilted, in particular spread apart, the latter with respect to a movement is clamped. Preferably, the holding means 74 is self-locking, so that when not actuated holding means 74, z. B. by the force of a spring 78, the second operating state is taken. The operation of the jaws 76 via such inclined surfaces of an actuator 79, that the jaws 76 in a first position of the actuator 79 tilted (see above) and are not tilted in a second position. The holding means 74, in particular the actuator 79, in principle manually, for example via a corresponding actuator, or advantageously by means of an actuator 81, in particular remotely operable, non-manually operated. The actuator 81 is in Fig. 13 designed as a pressure medium can be acted upon cylinder 81, in which the trained as a piston actuator 79 is movable. Upon application of the pressure P _s ( Fig. 13 a) is carried out a release of the clamping - here by appropriate alignment of the jaws 76 and their breakthroughs 77. In relaxation ( Fig. 13b) is done by the spring 78 spreading or tilting of the jaws 76 and thus a terminals.

A return of the stop 41 can either by the in Fig. 7 illustrated spring 48 or - as in Fig. 13 shown in dashed lines - active by the formation of the actuator 46 as a pressure medium actuated cylinder with double-acting piston, so with two pressure medium supply, one on either side of a piston 52nd

In the illustration after Fig. 11 are the bearing units 14 of all four cylinders 06; 07 of the double printing unit 03 supplied via a common supply line 66 through a common pressure accumulator 63. Here, to a common line of the line of the supply line 66, even the bearing units 14 of the cylinder 06; 07 all double printing units 03 a printing tower 01 be connected. Ie. to supply the storage units 14 of a printing tower 01 with the pressure P (P1, P2, P3), a supply path 66 is provided, which is connected in series and / or parallel (as shown) with the valves 56 of the individual storage units 14.

In an in Fig. 21 illustrated variant is the supply of the storage units 14 of a printing unit 01, in particular a printing tower 01, with pressure medium of the adjustable pressure P (P1, P2, P3) several times, z. B. double, in particular for separate units for each of the two partial pressure units 01.1; 01.2, executed. In particular, for the bearing units 14 of the cylinder 06; 07 of printing units 04, which are located on one side of the web 02 (for example, partial printing unit 01.1) a first Supply system 75.1 with all necessary aggregates, eg. B. with a first supply line 66.1, a first pressure reducer 64.1, a first pressure accumulator 63.1 and a first compressor 62.1, and for the bearing units 14 of the cylinder 06; 07 of printing units 04, which are located on the other side of the web 02 (for example, partial printing unit 01.2), a second supply system 75.2 with all the required units, eg. B. with a second supply line 66.2, a second pressure reducer 64.2, a second pressure accumulator 63.2 and a second compressor 62.2, be provided. In Fig. 1 is the double arrangement of supply systems for a printing tower 01 schematically indicated.

This double training per printing tower 01 is particularly advantageous in printing towers 01, which in the nature of Fig. 2 to 4 are formed separable in the region of the pressure points 05. In this case, for example, all the bearing units 14 of one partial pressure unit 01.1 are supplied by the aggregates of the first supply system and all bearing units 14 of the other partial pressure unit 01.2 by the aggregates of the second supply system with the pressure medium of the corresponding pressure level P (P1, P2; P3). The supply systems are designed here as fully functional pressure medium circuits.

With regard to redundancy, it is particularly advantageous if the two supply systems 75.1; 75.2 are formed at least one location selectively connectable to each other. The connection should each be downstream of the compressor 62.1; 62.2, ie in relation to the environment overpressure having line region of the supply circuit, be arranged. In principle, this can take place between the two supply lines 66.1, 66.2 in the region of the already correctly set pressure P (P1, P2, P3) via an optionally openable valve. In the illustrated advantageous example, however, a connection in each of the high pressure P _H having pressure medium branch is provided via a switchable valve 65 having a line 70. Thus, in the event that one of the two compressors 62.1; 61.2 fails, the valve 65 is opened, and the other supply line 66.1; 66.2 through the intact compressor 62.1; 62.2 be supplied with.

In the in Fig. 11 illustrated embodiment, all four cylinders 06; 07 by actuators 43 mounted on / abstellbar, but only the stops 41 of the two forme cylinder 07 and one of the transfer cylinder 06 is not manually, but via the pressure medium actuators 46, in particular remotely operated, adjustable. The stop 41 of the other transfer cylinder 06 is, for example by means of an adjusting screw 46 designed as a set, adjustable and lockable. He must therefore, for example, have no holding means 69.

In an o. G. simpler variant, although all four cylinders 06; 07 linearly movably supported by actuators 43, wherein only the two transfer cylinders 06 movable stops 41 (possibly with o. G., Actuators 46 and / or holding means 69).

In a further simplified embodiment, one of the two transfer cylinders 06, although adjustable in its position, but not in the sense of an on / Abstellbewegung operatively movable but mounted frame-fixed. The three other cylinders 06; 07 are then movably mounted in the sense of an on / off, in a first variant, all these three cylinders 06; 07 and in the second variant, only the different from the specified transfer cylinder 06 transfer cylinder 06 has a movable stop 41 and possibly the holding means 69.

In a further development of the cylinder bearing, the bearing units 14 of the forme cylinder 07 and / or the transfer cylinder 06 are as in FIG Fig. 12 shown schematically, on at least one end face even in bearings 72, z. B. linear bearings 72, movably mounted in a direction of movement C, which is perpendicular to the cylinder axis of rotation and at least one component perpendicular to the direction of adjustment S has. Preferably, the direction of movement C is selected perpendicular to the adjustment direction S and causes unilateral actuation an inclination (so-called "cooking") of the relevant cylinder 06; 07. The adjustment of the cylinder 06; 07 can via a manual or motorized actuating means 73, z. B. via a handwheel or preferably via a motor-operated adjusting spindle. Such additional storage of the bearing unit (s) 14 on the forme cylinder 07 allows an inclination of the same and a passport adjustment, and allows the transfer cylinder 06 whose inclination.

The actuator 43 provided in the above embodiment of the bearing units 14 is designed to provide a travel suitable for engagement or disengagement ΔS and therefore preferably has a stroke corresponding at least to ΔS. The actuator 43 is provided for adjusting the Anstelldruckes to each other employees rollers or cylinders 06, 07 and / or for carrying out the Druckan - / - off and designed accordingly. The travel ΔS (or stroke) is for example at least 1 mm, advantageously at least 1.5 mm, in particular at least 2 mm. In Fig. 14 is an advantageous embodiment of a -. B. designed as a prefabricated component - actuator element 59 shown. This actuator element 59 comprises at least one, preferably two actuatable with pressure medium as a piston 43 formed actuators 43, which are mounted in recesses 82 of a base body 84, which serve as pressurizable pressure medium 82, movable in the direction of adjustment S. The actuator element 59 also includes a supply line 83 for supplying the pressure chambers 82 with pressure medium of the pressure P. Preferably, the two pressure chambers 82 are supplied by a common supply line and thus oppressed or relieved in the same way. In Fig. 14 However, the upper piston 43 is exemplified for both pistons 43 in a retracted and the lower piston 43 exemplified for both pistons 43 in an extended position. For this reason, the supply line 83 was also only partially characterized as being pressurized.

The piston 43 is against the pressure medium chamber 82 by one on the circumference of the piston 43 encircling, pressure near chamber seal 86 sealed and a pressure chamber close sliding guide 87 out. Advantageously, a second seal 88 and a second slide guide 89 may additionally be provided in a region of the piston 43 remote from the pressure chamber. In a particularly advantageous embodiment is instead of or in addition to the second seal 88 of the piston 43 to the outside in addition by a membrane 91, for. B. rubber, in particular a rolling diaphragm 91 sealed. This is on the one hand completely connected to the piston 43 and on the other hand on its outer peripheral line completely connected to the base body 84 and other fixed internals of the actuator element 59.

In another, in Fig. 16 illustrated advantageous embodiment of the bearing unit 14, in contrast to the first embodiment, the actuators 43 not in a separate actuator element (previously 59), but in the frame construction, for. B. the pressure-point remote side support 94, integrated. In this case, in the embodiment of the actuators 43 designed as pressure-medium-actuatable actuators 43, the pressure medium cylinders may be provided as bores in the side support 94. The feeds into this pressure medium space can be formed as holes in the side support 94. However, differently designed force-controllable actuators 43 (based on hydraulic, magnetic or piezoelectric forces) may be integrated in the side support 94. The recognizable with the appropriate components Fig. 7 matching parts are in Fig. 16 not specially provided with reference numerals. This design saves space and therefore suitable when cylinder 06; 07 small scale, z. B. with a simple scope (only a circumference corresponding to a newspaper page) to be made. For the arrangement of the bearing unit 14 in the printing unit 01, the control and the procedure for setting and presetting the mentioned in connection with the first embodiment of the bearing unit 14 is applied accordingly.

In a third, in Fig. 17 illustrated advantageous embodiment of the bearing unit 14, in contrast to the first embodiment, the actuators 43 not in the stationary, but in the movable part of the storage unit 14, z. B. in the carriage 34 and bearing block 34, integrated. This is space-saving and therefore particularly suitable when cylinder 06; 07 small scale, z. B. with a simple scope (only a circumference corresponding to a newspaper page) to be made. This applies regardless of the specific design of the force-controllable actuator 43 as based on hydraulic, magnetic or piezoelectric forces. Also in Fig. 17 are the ones made with the appropriate components Fig. 7 matching parts are in Fig. 16 not all provided with reference numerals. For the arrangement of the bearing unit 14 in the printing unit 01, the control and the procedure for setting and presetting the mentioned in connection with the first embodiment of the bearing unit 14 is applied accordingly.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show further embodiments of the storage unit 14, wherein in addition to at least one remote pressure actuator 43 at least one actuator 97 near the actuator. In general terms, at least one actuator 43 (in this case two) acting upon activation to the pressure point 05 and at least one actuator 97 (in this case two) acting upon activation away from the pressure point are provided. The actuators 97 are arranged between the movable and the frame-fixed part of the bearing unit 14 such that upon activation, a force in a direction away from the pressure point 05 on the movable part of the bearing unit 14 can be applied. The actuators 43 are - as in the preceding examples of the bearing unit 14 - arranged between the movable and the frame-fixed part of the bearing unit 14 that upon activation, a force in a direction towards the pressure point 05 towards the movable part of the bearing unit 14 can be applied , As shown, the actuators 97 may be integrated in the movable part (eg the slide 34) or else in a part of the bearing unit 14 fixed to the frame. The at least one actuator 97 is preferably also designed as force-controllable actuators 97 (based on hydraulic, magnetic or piezoelectric forces).

In Fig. 18 the off-press actuators 43 are again in the movable part of the Bearing unit 14, z. B. in the carriage 34, integrated while in Fig. 19 Part of a frame-fixed actuator element 59 are. You can, however, like in Fig. 16 also be integrated in the frame.

In not shown variant, instead of the two single-acting actuators 43; 97 a double-acting actuator may be used, which can be activated either towards the pressure point or away from the pressure point, d. H. can be acted upon with appropriate pressure medium.

The variant of Fig. 18 or 19 with at least one actuator 43 acting toward the pressure point 05 and at least one actuator 43 acting away from the pressure point 05; 97 or a double-acting actuator (not shown) is particularly advantageous in printing units 03 or double printing units 04, the cylinder 06; 07 substantially aligned in a vertical arrangement (with or without slight horizontal offset) to each other. With this additional actuator 97 z. B. the own weight compensated. This is the case in particular for not belonging to the invention, designed as I-printing units 01 printing units 01, as they are, for. B. are used in commercial printing. Fig. 20 schematically shows the arrangement of the cylinders 06, 07 of such an I-pressure unit 01 with the bearing units 14. In Fig. 20 are the cylinder 06; 07 of the I-pressure unit 01 on top of each other on a plane (as the plane E in Fig. 2 ) arranged. This level then takes z. B. an angle between 76 ° and 87 °, in particular between 80 ° and 85 ° to the plane of the horizontal incoming web. In principle, however, the arrangement can also be other than in a plane. As in Fig. 20 exemplified, z. B. the two upper cylinders 06; 07 on the near-pressure side of the bearing unit 14 one or more second actuators 97, which can compensate for example, at a corresponding pressure level, the weight. The lower cylinder 06; 07 have no second actuators 97 here. At pressure-on, however, they must be set at a pressure level higher than the upper cylinders 06 by an amount corresponding to the weight force; 07th

The force-controlled adjustment (or the performance of a purely force-based presetting of a stop as described above) - in contrast to the path-controlled employment - already for itself for a balance of different substrate thicknesses or other geometric effects. In the case of a thicker substrate 02, the travel at the same, maintained setting pressure is simply smaller than with a thinner substrate. In other words, changing geometries (substrate thicknesses, position of the bearings, etc.) are compensated by changing the resulting travel at the same applied pressure P. This differs from the embodiment described below, according to which different setting forces are to be set for different circumstances.

As above Fig. 11 already indicated with the differing pressure levels P1, P2 and P3, it may be provided in a particularly advantageous development, different pressure levels P1, P2, P3 (ie, resulting force levels) for adjusting the cylinder 06; 07 depending on certain machine data and / or certain consumable data and / or certain operating data provided and preferably vorzuhalten corresponding default values.

The adjustable "pressure levels" are understood in generalization of the concrete present advantageous example as adjustable "force levels" for the contact force and are conceptually transferred to generalization of the teaching accordingly.

The above procedure when setting the cylinder 06; 07 can then be maintained substantially. It is then z. B. only a program-based or manual selection of the relevant pressure level P; P1; P2; P3 from a plurality of possible levels with regard to the criteria determining the level to be set (eg printing stock and / or printing blanket). Of particular advantage is an embodiment, wherein a default for the pressure level P; P1; P2; P3 depending on a texture, in particular a surface finish, the material to be printed web 02 and / or depending on the blanket used, in particular properties of blankets from different manufacturers, takes place. A plurality of possible input values for the relevant criterion (eg material web 02 or blanket) are differing basic values for a pressure level P to be set; P1, P2; Assigned to P3.

This assignment between criterion and basic value can be the operator z. B. present in tabular form as information, wherein the input value for the criterion associated basic value for the pressure level P; P1; P2; P3 then z. B. can be entered as desired value for the pressure in an input means of the control station accordingly. In an advantageous embodiment, the corresponding associations between the possible "input values" (eg types of paper or blanket types) and the recommended or predetermined "basic values" for the pressure level P; P1; P2; P3, however, held in a data memory of the control device 98 or the control computer 104, displayable via a display device and an input means selectable.

The procedure is explained below using the example of the selection of pressure levels P1, P2, P3. In principle, however, this is to be transferred to other physical variables as a function of the design of the force-controllable actuator used. The size to be controlled can then z. As the current, the voltage, an electrical line or other responsible for the size of the force generation physical quantities. It is essential that different resulting setting forces can be assigned to different input values for the relevant criterion (material web and / or blanket). The adjustable "pressure level" is thus below for the adjustable contact force. For two or more different input values, different pressure levels or different setting forces for the respective actuators 43 are thus provided or applied or predetermined.

Fig. 22 and 23 show by way of example in each case at least one section of a z. B. on the display device of the control device 98, the control room 104 or the control computer 104 belonging control unit 98 displayed or at least displayable program mask, each of these program masks serves the purpose, in conjunction with at least one belonging to the control device 98 control or input means, eg , As a keyboard or a pointer instrument, the z. B. from a cylinder 06; 07 in a roll strip on an adjacent body rotation force applied individually adjust demand and an existing setting preferably remotely controlled, z. B. even during an ongoing production of the printing unit 04, to change. Both program masks show by way of example in each case schematically a printing unit 01 designed as a four-high tower, wherein four double printing units 03 are shown vertically above one another to generate a 4/4 print, the respective transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 being set against each other. At each of the transfer cylinder 06 of the double printing 03 each form cylinder 07 is employed. For details on the training of these double printing 03 is on the Fig. 1 to 4 each referenced with the associated description.

For adjusting the force exerted between the transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 contact force several, z. B. three different in magnitude pressure levels P1, P2, P3 be provided, each of these pressure levels pressure levels P1, P2, P3 depending on z. B. of a surface finish of the printed in the printing unit 01 printing substrate 02, in particular the web 02, as a criterion is selected, the surface texture z. B. the roughness and / or smoothness and / or the uniformity of the surface and / or the acceptance behavior of printing ink and / or the absorbency of the printing substrate 02 and / or the amount of coating in a coated surface of the printing substrate 02 relates. For example, to produce good print quality for a harsh newsprint, it is three to four times higher than a very smooth art paper Contact force required. The choice of the surface texture of the printed substrate 02 depending pressure levels P1, P2, P3 can be in a convenient way z. B. with displayed in the program screen or at least displayable buttons 107; 108; 109 done. In the in the Fig. 22 and 23 shown program masks each one with the word "paper selection" titled field 111 is displayed, in this field 111 more, z. B. three buttons 107; 108; 109 are provided for selecting the input value for a paper having a rough or a normal or a smooth surface. Each of these selectable input values is a specific, preferably specified by the manufacturer of the printing press, in the program masks unspecified value for the basic value of the pressure level P1; P2; P3, ie associated with the force exerted between the transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 contact force, wherein the respective one of the pressure levels P1, P2, P3 associated contact force by means arranged in the respective storage unit 14 of the transfer cylinder 06 actuators 43 are set after the user of the printing press made his decision regarding the selectable input values. The selection may also be made in other suitable ways, e.g. B. by opening so-called. "Pulldown" window and confirm the selection are made.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the respective contact force exerted between the transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 can be changed starting from at least one of the selectable pressure levels P, P1, P2, P3, preferably from all selectable pressure levels by a fine adjustment. In the program masks of the Fig. 22 and 23 shown example, the fine adjustment in one of the selectable pressure level P, P1, P2, P3 outgoing percentage addition to increase the respective contact pressure, wherein the addition of z. B. in increments of one percent up to 100%, ie up to a doubling of the respective selected pressure level or the contact force corresponding value can take place. The added to the respective selected pressure level P, P1, P2, P3 addition is in the program masks z. B. within the printing unit shown schematically 01 z. B. displayed by a numerically displayed percentage value in association with the respective transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 in a window 112. In the in the Fig. 22 and 23 In the example shown, the set addition for all double printing units 03 is + 5% in each case. It is understood that different values and also for the double printing units 03 different values can be set.

In an advantageous embodiment, for at least a first paper whose stroke weight z. B. in a range of 0 to 10 g / m ² (ie uncoated or ultralight coated paper) and for a different from the first paper second paper, the coating weight z. B. in a range of 10 to 20 g / m ² (ie lightly coated paper), given different pressure levels P1, P2 and / or z. B. held in the data memory of the controller 98. In addition to the two or instead of a two mentioned at least two papers can for another paper, the coating weight z. B. in a range above 20 g / m ² (ie, uncoated or ultralight coated paper) specified by the first-mentioned pressures or pressure levels P1, P2 different pressure level P3 and / or z. B. be maintained in the data memory of the controller 98. Different pressures P1, P2, P3 or pressure levels P1, P2, P3 are thus predetermined for at least two papers of different coating weights.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the contact force exerted in each case between one of the transfer cylinders 06 and one of the forme cylinders 07 can be changed. The setting of the force exerted between one of the transfer cylinder 06 and one of the forme cylinder 07 contact pressure depends on Drucktucheigenschaften, z. B. after the elasticity and / or the compressibility of the wound up on the transfer cylinders 06 blankets. Fig. 23 shows that z. B. in addition to the adjustability of the force exerted between the transfer cylinders 06 of the double printing units 03 contact force in association with preferably each double printing unit 03 each have a selection menu 113 is provided, each selection menu 113 z. For example, a list with has a plurality of names or names of blankets with different technical properties, wherein the current on the respective transfer cylinder 06 currently mounted blanket is selectable. Depending on the selected printing blanket, a specific value for the contact pressure or the pressure level P, P4, P5, P6 specified for the respective printing blanket is set between the respective transfer cylinder 06 and the associated forme cylinder 07, each of these settings in turn setting a specific value Specify the level for the contact pressure.

Starting from this selectable as a function of the blanket pressure level P, P1, P2, P3 can be changed by a fine adjustment between all transfer cylinders 06 and the respective associated forme cylinder 07, the actually applied contact pressure, wherein the change z. B. as an addition z. B. in increments of one percent up to 100%, ie up to a doubling of the respective selected pressure level P, P1, P2, P3 of the contact force corresponding value can take place. The addition related to the selected pressure level is displayed in the program mask Fig. 23 z. B. within the printing unit 01 shown schematically z. B. by a numerically displayed percentage z. B. displayed in association with one of the forme cylinder 07 of the double printing units 03 and is there z. B. also changeable or editable. In the in the Fig. 23 Example shown is the set addition for three of the four double printing 03 each + 15% and for the top double printing unit 03 z. + 10%. It is understood that different values and also for the double printing units 03 different values can be set.

The respective an input force associated with an input value (pressure or force level) and their fine position, be it the adjustment of the contact pressure depending on the surface condition of the printed substrate 02 and / or the adjustment of the contact pressure depending on the properties of the blanket used, takes place in each case by means of the actuators 43 arranged in the respective bearing unit 14 of the transfer cylinders 06 and / or the forme cylinder 07.

The changes in the selection and / or the change in the fine tuning - for the criterion "paper selection" and / or for the criterion "blanket selection" - can be protected by a forgivable password by the underlying software. In particular, however, the criterion "paper selection" can be freely changed, but the pressure-technologically more sensitive criterion "blanket selection" with regard to selection and / or fine-tuning for security reasons must be password-protected.

It is particularly advantageous when using kraftsteuerbarer employment that different thicknesses of the web 02 need not be taken into account in the setting, as this is automatically taken into account by force-based places in contrast to wegbasiertem places. As described above, however, it is preferable to consider the surface property in adjusting the pressing force and the pressure level, respectively.

In embodiments, wherein the pressure levels P, P1, P2, P3 different cylinders 06; 07 and / or different printing units 04 and / or different double printing 03 a printing unit 01 individually selectable or be fine tuned, either a plurality of supply systems (Druckmfttelkreisläufe) may be provided in a first embodiment, or it may be individually adjusted cylinder 06; 07 or cylinder groups several controllable pressure reducer 64 provided on a common supply line.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Printing unit, printing tower, I-printing unit

01.1

Printing unit

01.2

Printing unit

02

Substrate, web, web, substrate web

03

Double printing

04

printing unit

05

Pressure point, double pressure point

06

Cylinder, transfer cylinder, printing cylinder

07

Cylinder, forme cylinder, printing cylinder

08

Inking unit, roller inking unit, short inking unit

09

Dampening unit, spray dampening unit

10

-

11

Frame section, wall section, side frame

12

Frame section, wall section, side frame

13

Floor, support, mounting plate, mounting frame

14

storage unit

15

linear guide

16

Frame, frame construction (08)

17

cylinder unit

18

wall section

19

Handling device, printing plate changer

20

-

21

Cones (06)

22

Pin (07)

23

rolling elements

24

clamper

25

-

26

Bales (06)

27

Bales (07)

28

cover

29

linear bearings

30

-

31

Bearings, radial bearings, cylindrical roller bearings

32

Bearing means, bearing element, linear element

32.1

Effective surface, guide surface

32.2

Effective surface, guide surface

33

Bearing means, bearing element, linear element

33.1

Effective surface, guide surface

33.2

Effective surface, guide surface

34

Storage block, sled

35

-

36

Connection, clamping element

37

Carrier, carrier plate

38

recess

39

Shaft, drive shaft

40

Clutch, Lammellenkupplung

41

Stop, wedge

42

Element, spring element

43

Actuator, force-controlled, adjusting means, piston, pressure medium-actuated, hydraulic piston

44

Stop surface (41)

45

-

46

Actuator, adjusting means, piston pressure medium actuated

47

Transmission link, piston rod

48

Return spring

49

Stop, overload protection, spring element

50

-

51

-

52

piston

53

-

54

-

55

-

56

Valve, controllable

57

cover

58

attack

59

actuator

60

-

61

fluid reservoir

62

compressor

62.1

compressor

62.2

compressor

63

accumulator

63.1

accumulator

63.2

accumulator

64

Actuator, pressure reducer

64.1

Actuator, pressure reducer

64.2

Actuator, pressure reducer

65

Valve

66

supply route

66.1

supply route

66.2

supply route

67

supply route

68

Valve

69

holding means

70

management

71

Valve

72

Bearings, linear bearings

73

actuating means

74

holding means

75

supply system

75.1

supply system

75.2

supply system

76

jaw

77

breakthrough

78

feather

79

actuator

80

-

81

Actuator, cylinder

82

Recess, pressure chamber

83

supply line

84

base body

85

-

86

poetry

87

slide

88

poetry

89

slide

90

-

91

Membrane, rolling diaphragm

92

Side carrier, side plate

93

Side carrier, side plate

94

Side carrier, side plate, stop

95

-

96

Side carrier, side plate

97

Actuator, pressure point close

98

Adjustment device, control device

99

signal line

100

-

101

Return line

102

signal line

103

control device

104

Control room, central computer

105

-

106

signal line

107

button

108

button

109

button

110

-

111

field

112

window

113

selection menu

L

clear width

L06

Length (06)

L07

Length (07)

E1

level

E2

level

P

Pressure, pressure level

P1

Pressure, pressure level

P2

Pressure, pressure level

P3

Pressure, pressure level

e

Level, connecting line, connection level

e '

Level, connecting line, connection level

e "

Level, connecting line, connection level

A

operating position

B

maintenance position

C

movement direction

F

force

S

setting direction

P _H

Pressure, pressure level

P _L

Pressure, ambient pressure

P _S

print

Δ31

bearing clearance

AS

Travel Range

AU

distance

α

interior angle

β

Angle, pointed

Claims (35)

1. Method for using a press unit (01) having a plurality of printing units (03) which are arranged vertically above one another and are configured as double printing units (03) for double-sided printing during rubber-against-rubber operation, and having in each case at least two cylinders (06; 07) which interact in a double printing unit (03), at least one of the interacting cylinders (06; 07) being mounted movably in such a way that it can be set against the other cylinder (06; 07) by means of at least one actuator (43), and the actuator (43) being configured as a controllable-force actuator (43), characterized in that a control device (98) is provided, in which a plurality of differing default values for throwing on the cylinder (06; 07) by means of the actuator (43), which default values represent different levels of throwing-on force, are provided as a function of a criterion which relates to machine data and/or expendable-item data and/or operating data, in that different values which represent the throwing-on force are provided for various input values which characterize a property of the printing material (02) to be printed, in that input values which characterize the surface property are provided as input values which characterize the printing material (02), and in that default values which represent various levels in throwing-on force and differ from one another in terms of the relevant surface property are provided for at least two different input values.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that levels (P1, P2, P3) which are different from one another of a default value which represents the throwing-on force are predefined for at least two papers of different coat weights.
3. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that input values which characterize the roughness are provided as input values which characterize the printing material (02).
4. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that differing levels (P1, P2) of a default value which represents the throwing-on force are predefined for at least one first paper, the coat weight of which lies in a region from 0 to 10 g/m², and for a second paper which is different from the first paper and the coat weight of which lies in a range from 10 to 20 g/m².
5. Method for using a press unit (01) having a plurality of double printing units (03) which are arranged vertically above one another with in each case two printing units (04) for double-sided printing during rubber-against-rubber operation, the printing unit (04) in each case having at least one cylinder (06; 07) which is configured as a forme cylinder (07) and one cylinder (06; 07) which interacts with the former and is configured as a transfer cylinder (06), at least one of the two cylinders (06; 07) of the printing unit (04) being mounted movably in such a way that it can be set against the other cylinder (06; 07) by means of at least one actuator (43), and the actuator (43) being configured as a controllable-force actuator (43), characterized in that a control device (98) is provided, in which a plurality of differing default values for throwing on the cylinder (06; 07) by means of the actuator (43), which default values represent different levels of throwing-on force, are provided as a function of a criterion which relates to machine data and/or expendable-item data and/or operating data, in that different default values which represent the throwing-on force are provided for various input values which characterize a printing blanket on the cylinder (06) which is configured as a transfer cylinder (06), and in that a printing blanket which is currently pulled on is selected from a selection menu on a program template of a display device.
6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the manufacturer's designations and/or the specific printing-blanket designations are provided as input values which characterize the printing blanket.
7. Method according to Claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the actuator (43) is configured as an actuator (43) which can be loaded with pressure medium at a predefinable pressure level (P; P1; P2; P3).
8. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the default values which represent the different throwing-on forces characterize differing pressure levels (P1, P2, P3) for loading the actuator (43).
9. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the predefinable pressure level (P; P1; P2; P3) can be set in a remotely actuated manner by the control device (98) by means of an actuating element (64) which is arranged in front of the actuator (43) in the pressure-medium circuit.
10. Method according to Claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the actuator (43) is configured as an actuator (43) which can be loaded with electric voltage at a predefinable level, in particular as an actuator (43) which is based on piezoelectric forces.
11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the default values which represent the different throwing-on forces characterize differing voltage levels for loading the actuator (43).
12. Method according to Claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the actuator (43) is configured as an actuator (43) which can be loaded with electrical current at a predefinable level, in particular as an actuator (43) which is based on magnetic forces.
13. Method according to Claim 12, characterized in that the default values which represent the different throwing-on forces characterize differing current levels for loading the actuator (43).
14. Method according to Claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the control device (98) is assigned an input means, via which one of several possible input values can be selected for the relevant criterion.
15. Method for setting a print-on position of a first cylinder (06; 07) which is configured as a transfer cylinder (06) onto a second cylinder (06; 07) of a double printing unit (03) of a press unit (01) having a plurality of double printing units (03) which are arranged vertically above one another for double-sided printing during rubber-against-rubber operation, characterized in that a throwing-on force of the first onto the second cylinder (06; 07) is predefined as a function of a criterion which relates to machine data and/or expendable-item data and/or operating data, and in that different pressure levels (P; P1; P2; P3) of an actuator (43) which can be actuated by pressure medium for throwing on the first cylinder (06) are predefined for at least two different roughness grades of the printing material (02).
16. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that the desired throwing-on force is selected and predefined by a control device (98).
17. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that the desired throwing-on force is selected and predefined by the operating staff via an input means of a control desk or a control device (98).
18. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that throwing on takes place by means of at least one controllable-force actuator (43).
19. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that a physical variable which represents the throwing-on force is predefined by the control device (98) as a function of an input value which represents the criterion.
20. Method according to Claim 19, characterized in that a pressure level (P; P1; P2; P3) of a pressure medium for loading the actuator (43) is predefined as a physical variable which represents the throwing-on force.
21. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that the throwing-on force of the first onto the second cylinder (06; 07) is predefined as a function of an input variable which characterizes the property of the printing material (02) to be printed.
22. Method according to Claim 21, characterized in that the throwing-on force of the first onto the second cylinder (06; 07) is predefined as a function of a surface property, in particular the roughness.
23. Method according to Claim 15 or 22, characterized in that differing default values which represent different levels of the throwing-on force are predefined for at least two different input values of a criterion which relates to the surface property of a printing material (02).
24. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that differing default values which represent different levels of the throwing-on force are predefined for at least two printing materials (02) of different roughness.
25. Method according to Claim 15 or 22, characterized in that different pressure levels (P; P1; P2; P3) of an actuator (43) which can be actuated by pressure medium are predefined for different roughness grades of the printing material (02) which is to be printed in the press unit (01).
26. Method for setting a print-on position of a first cylinder (06; 07) onto a second cylinder (06; 07) of a double printing unit (03) of a press unit (01) having a plurality of double printing units (03) which are arranged vertically above one another for double-sided printing during rubber-against-rubber operation, characterized in that a throwing-on force of the first cylinder (07) which is configured as a forme cylinder (07) onto the second cylinder (06) which is configured as a transfer cylinder (06) is predefined as a function of a criterion which relates to machine data and/or expendable-item data and/or operating data, in that the throwing-on force of the first onto the second cylinder (06; 07) is predefined as a function of an input value which characterizes a printing blanket on the cylinder (06) which is configured as a transfer cylinder, and in that a printing blanket which is currently pulled on is selected from a selection menu on a program template of a display device.
27. Method according to Claim 15 or 26, characterized in that different pressure levels (P; P1; P2; P3) of an actuator (43) which can be actuated by pressure medium are predefined for at least two different printing-blanket types.
28. Method according to Claims 15 and 26, characterized in that different pressure levels (P; P1; P2; P3) of an actuator (43) which can be actuated by pressure medium for throwing on the cylinder (07) which is configured as a forme cylinder (07) are predefined for at least two different printing-blanket types.
29. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that the throwing on of the two cylinders (06, 07) takes place first of all as far as the nip point without a further travel-limiting stop in a merely force-induced manner on the basis of the predefined throwing-on force.
30. Method according to Claim 29, characterized in that, after a print-on position is reached which is in force equilibrium at the predefined throwing-on force, a stop which limits the travel of the cylinder (06; 07) towards the printing point (05) is brought into operative contact.
31. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that discrete, differing default values which represent the throwing-on force are predefined by the control device (98) as a function of an input value of the criterion.
32. Method according to Claim 15 or 21, characterized in that differing levels (P1, P2, P3) for the throwing-on force are predefined for at least two papers of different coat weights.
33. Method according to Claim 15 or 21, characterized in that differing levels (P1, P2, P3) of a default value which represents the throwing-on force are predefined for at least two papers of different coat weights.
34. Method according to Claim 15 or 21, characterized in that differing levels (P1, P2) of a default value which represents the throwing-on force are predefined for at least one first paper, the coat weight of which lies in a range from 0 to 10 g/m², and for a second paper which is different from the first paper and the coat weight of which lies in a range from 10 to 20 g/m².
35. Method according to Claim 15 or 21, characterized in that differing levels (P1, P3) of a default value which represents the throwing-on force are predefined for at least one first paper, the coat weight of which lies in a range from 0 to 10 g/m², and for a further paper which is different from the first paper and the coat weight of which lies in a range above 20 g/m².

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