EP1851481A1 - Verfahren zur erhöhung des gebindedurchsatzes in drehrohranlagen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur erhöhung des gebindedurchsatzes in drehrohranlagenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1851481A1 EP1851481A1 EP06707048A EP06707048A EP1851481A1 EP 1851481 A1 EP1851481 A1 EP 1851481A1 EP 06707048 A EP06707048 A EP 06707048A EP 06707048 A EP06707048 A EP 06707048A EP 1851481 A1 EP1851481 A1 EP 1851481A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- rotary kiln
- measurements
- combustion chamber
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
- F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/22—Flame sensors the sensor's sensitivity being variable
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for increasing the container throughput in rotary kilns according to the. first claim.
- Rotary kilns are combustion plants with a combustion chamber, which is designed as a preferably horizontal, rotating about its axis of symmetry tube (motor-driven rotary tube). At one end, the rotary tube opens into the Nachbrennkaitimer and into the exhaust system, while at the other end, the fuel supply via burners, lances and solid chaff. Containers containing (liquid, highly calorific) waste are discontinuously charged via the solids chute and incinerated in the rotary kiln. Rotary kiln plants are used in particular for the combustion of heterogeneous fuels such as industrial waste and waste requiring special monitoring.
- the gas phase burnout of a Verbrennungsanläge is essentially determined by conditions such as residence time, temperature and mixing and stoichiometry. Without optimization of the combustion process by these variables, both strands with excess air and those with local air deficiency can already form in the combustion chamber, ie the oxygen content varies greatly with time and place. Above all, the mixture (turbulence) influences the formation of local strands, while the unsteady combustion in containers due to the stoichiometry (O 2 supply) influences the formation of temporal strands. Both pathways of streaks lead to inconsistent and incomplete combustion in the combustion chamber and emissions of pollutants such as hydrocarbons, soot or carbon monoxide (CO).
- pollutants such as hydrocarbons, soot or carbon monoxide (CO).
- the content of carbon monoxide serves as an indicator of the quality of the burnout.
- the formation of streaks of time in the combustion chamber is above all a problem with container combustion in rotary kilns, since the containers can only be fed intermittently to incineration. If a container arrives at the rotary tube end wall (fuel supply) in the rotary tube via the feeding device, the container tears more or less abruptly, depending on the content (calorific value) and temperature control. Due to the thermal conversion of the suddenly released high-calorie container content, the thermal rotary tube load is briefly increased greatly and the available amount of oxygen locally reduced for a short time.
- the CO concentration at the flue gas outlet is at the same time the limiting factor for the throughput of containers in the rotary kiln (half-hourly average: 100 mg / Nm 3 CO, daily average: 50 mg / Nm 3 according to 17. BImSchV).
- DE 100 55 832 Al describes such a control of the fuel-combustion air mixture of oil and gas burners on the basis of a photo sensor, which optically detects the flame radiation.
- DE 197 46 786 C2 further discloses an optical flame monitor with two semiconductor detectors for oil and gas burners for flame monitoring and for regulating the fuel-air ratio or the fuel supply, wherein the spectral distribution of the flame radiation serves as an input signal for the control.
- DE 196 50 972 C2 also contains such a regulation, namely for monitoring and controlling combustion processes by means of radiation measurement by sensory detection of a narrowband as well as broadband spectral range of a flame.
- the aim is to maintain a high combustion efficiency while minimizing pollutant emissions.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method for increasing the throughput of high-calorie containers in rotary kilns of the type mentioned in compliance with emission limits, which does not have the aforementioned limitations.
- the invention includes an overall concept for a furnace (rotary kiln plant), in the in-situ measurement techniques (optical measuring methods such as photodiode, IR camera, laser, ...) for quick detection (short response times) of the incomplete Burning be used in the rotary tube.
- the measuring signals are applied to the burners in the rotary kiln and the afterburner, which then adjust the combustion conditions (stoichiometry and mixing momentum) in the rotary kiln and the afterburner to meet the requirements of complete burnout in the kiln combustion.
- the control comprises both a control of the fuel side (stoichiometry) via the burners and a control of the air side (mixing pulse, stoichiometry) via the burners as well as via chutes or lances.
- the advantage of this method is to achieve a significant increase in the throughput of cans in rotary kilns by optimizing the fuel / air volumes and distribution in rotary kiln and afterburner without simultaneously obtaining problems with respect to the gas phase burnout and the pollutant emission (CO).
- CO pollutant emission
- Fig.l the basic structure of a rotary kiln plant with the invention relevant components using the example of the pilot plant THERESA,
- FIG. 2 shows the illustration of the valve connection in the fuel supply line using the example of a post-combustion chamber burner as well
- 3 a to d show the results of an implementation example with reduction of the CO peaks in the container combustion in the rotary kiln without (a and b) and with (c and d) control of the combustion conditions on the basis of in-situ measurements of the combustion process,
- Fig.l shows the apparatus design of a rotary kiln plant as an example at the pilot plant THERESA (thermal plant for the combustion of special waste) ofberichtstechnik Düsseldorf. It shows the entire combustion system a rotary tube 4 as a combustion chamber 1 for the combustion of solid and pasty starting materials including containers, a Nachbrennhunt 2 to ensure a Gasphasenausbrands and a vent 3, the flue gases in the waste heat boiler and the downstream flue gas cleaning (both not shown in Fig.l).
- the rotary tube 4 is driven by a motor.
- the containers and other solid starting materials are fed via a water-cooled chute 5 (fuel supply) to the rotary tube end wall 6 together with a portion of the combustion air in the rotary tube 4.
- a rotary kiln burner for combustion of combustible liquids and gases is located on the rotary tube end wall 6, a rotary kiln burner, in which the other part of the combustion air (combustion gas) is abandoned (see burner flame 7).
- the solid and pasty starting materials including containers are burned in the combustion chamber (rotary tube). By the rotational movement and an inclination of the rotary tube, the residence time of the solid and pasty starting materials is determined.
- the combustion residues 8 are at the rotary tube end 9 via a conveyor belt 10 (in Fig.l partly arranged under a liquid such as water) in a slag mold dumped (in Fig.l not shown).
- the introduced via the chute into the combustion chamber bundles burn in the rotary tube, the resulting combustion gases - partially burned out insufficiently - leave the rotary tube at the rotary tube end 9 in the afterburner 2.
- the Nachbrennkaitimer takes place in the area of action 11 of the two Nachbrennhuntbrenner 12 of the gas phase burnout.
- the afterburner burners allow the supply of combustible liquids and gases and combustion air.
- an optical in situ measurement of the combustion progress in the rotary tube that is provided in the combustion chamber.
- an optical sensor was used as sensor unit 13.
- the sensor was not installed behind the burner, contrary to the standard installation of an optical monitoring unit, but opposite the rotary kiln burner. This arrangement realizes monitoring the combustion chamber in the rotary tube and at the lower part of the afterburner.
- the sensor unit 13 is arranged in the lower region of the afterburner chamber in an axial extension to the rotary tube (cf., FIG. 1), the beam path 14 of the sensor completely detecting the combustion chamber 1.
- the sensor unit is located outside a combustion or afterburning and outside of an immediate flow of the combustion gases, for example at the end of a storage area (trough or pipe).
- a risk of contamination, for example, by soot deposition is effectively reduced.
- the sensor unit 13 detects the combustion progress and forwards the information as a measuring signal 15 to the process control system 16 on.
- a pollutant content silicates
- the control path advantageously remains the time for the implementation of the measure, which corresponds to the duration of the combustion gases from the combustion chamber 1 in the effective region 11 (depending on the embodiment in the range of a few seconds, preferably between 1 and 5 seconds).
- a soot release during a container combustion causes turbidity in the combustion chamber 1 and thus a reduction in the light intensity at the sensor.
- Gain, offset and averaging time (integration) of the sensor were set to maximum detection speed to ensure a fast response of the control signal.
- other optical measuring devices emission and absorption measurement / IR, VIS or UV
- the control signals 17 are recorded in the Autor ⁇ at Deutschenssystem (PLC) of the control system TELEPERM (process control system 16) for plant control and further processed there (see Fig.l).
- the essential dynamic function blocks are processed within this control in the cycle of 400ms. As a result, the response time of the controller is greater than / equal to 400ms.
- the non-time critical functions were implemented separately from the time-critical functions, the system was repackaged and the scan and shift times were optimized.
- FIG. 2 shows the interconnection of the valves of the Nachbrennhunt- burner 12 again. Since the shutter speeds of the control valves 18 of the afterburner chamber burner 12 do not reach the necessary speed, two further control valves (high-speed valve 19 and minimum flow valve 20) were inserted into the fuel supply line 21 to implement the control (see FIG. All three valves are controlled via the process control system 16 by means of control signals 17. A hysteresis function can be used to set the threshold for tripping and the threshold for resetting the controller. A triggering of the control causes a shutdown of the main liquid fuel quantity at the two Nachbrennkar ⁇ mer- burners on high-speed valve 19. The amount of air and an adjustable minimum fuel through minimum flow control valve 20 remain constant.
- the resulting oxygen enrichment in the afterburning chamber allows burnout of the pollutants carbon black, organic C and CO, thus compliance with the emission limit values can be realized with a simultaneous increase in throughput.
- the valve is removed from the control by the process control system when the control is activated and operated at constant flow. Optimizations are moving towards faster control valves to replace two-point control with finer-level control.
- the control for reducing CO peaks (CO concentration maxima) thus comprises an optical measuring unit for detecting the bundle burnout (sensor unit 13), the processing of a measuring signal 15 in the process control system 16 of the incinerator to control signals 17 and a hardware-connected valve interconnection in the Fuel supply line 21 of the Nachbrennhuntbrenner 12 according to Fig.2.
- 3a and c are directly comparable to each other (measuring range and resolution) and show the CO concentration curve 22 in the clean gas at the chimney when throwing 1, O-liter containers fuel oil EL, respectively applied over the current time t, with one throw all two minutes (see rash of the measurement signal 15 in Figure 3d and flue gas volume flow 24 in Figure 3b and d).
- the averaged CO concentrations result in 180 mg / Nm 3 without and at 11.5 mg / Nm 3 with regulation of the combustion process according to the invention (reduction of the CO concentration above 90%), the COs recognizable in FIG. Concentration peaks are virtually completely suppressed by the invention.
- 3 b and d are also directly comparable with one another (measuring range and resolution) and show the uncontrolled (FIG.
- the implementation example shows that the container throughput in the rotary tube and thus also the proportion of container combustion at the thermal rotary tube load significant increases are possible because in the illustrated operating experiments with burner control in the afterburner CO emissions were achieved (11.5 mg CO / Nm 3 ), which are still well below the emission limit values according to 17th BImSchV (daily mean value: 50 mg CO / Nm 3 ). LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005008893A DE102005008893B4 (de) | 2005-02-26 | 2005-02-26 | Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Gebindedurchsatzes in Drehrohranlagen |
PCT/EP2006/001459 WO2006089693A1 (de) | 2005-02-26 | 2006-02-17 | Verfahren zur erhöhung des gebindedurchsatzes in drehrohranlagen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1851481A1 true EP1851481A1 (de) | 2007-11-07 |
EP1851481B1 EP1851481B1 (de) | 2013-10-16 |
Family
ID=36071947
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06707048.2A Not-in-force EP1851481B1 (de) | 2005-02-26 | 2006-02-17 | Verfahren zur erhöhung des gebindedurchsatzes in drehrohranlagen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7600997B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1851481B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4898711B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101128698B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005008893B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006089693A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3963925B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-08-22 | 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション | 焼却処理システムにおける二次燃焼方法及び装置 |
CN101839630B (zh) * | 2009-03-16 | 2013-10-16 | 北京华宇天控科技有限公司 | 焙烧炉的控制系统和方法 |
CN105889933A (zh) * | 2014-12-08 | 2016-08-24 | 赫拉(北京)环境保护技术有限公司 | 一种垃圾焚烧设备及垃圾焚烧炉内脱酸的方法 |
DE102016000290A1 (de) * | 2016-01-15 | 2017-07-20 | Ci-Tec Gmbh | Auswerte- und Regelungsverfahren für Mehrstoffbrenner und Auswerte- und Regelungsanordnung dafür |
US10991087B2 (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2021-04-27 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Flame image analysis for furnace combustion control |
KR102572097B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-02 | 2023-08-30 | 프랙스에어 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 | 노 연소 제어를 위한 화염 이미지 분석 |
JP7104653B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-07-21 | Jx金属株式会社 | 燃焼設備の操業方法 |
CN113883887B (zh) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-16 | 黄石新兴管业有限公司 | 一种用于回转窑窑体轮带的复位装置及复位方法 |
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FR2578834B1 (fr) * | 1985-03-13 | 1992-01-03 | Fives Cail Babcock | Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une installation de fabrication de clinker de ciment |
US4782766A (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-11-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Automatic combustion control for a rotary combustor |
DE3915992A1 (de) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-23 | Theodor Koch | Verfahren zur reduktion von stickstoffoxiden |
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US5176086A (en) * | 1992-03-16 | 1993-01-05 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Method for operating an incinerator with simultaneous control of temperature and products of incomplete combustion |
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JPH08100916A (ja) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Kubota Corp | 燃焼制御装置 |
DE19650972C2 (de) * | 1996-12-09 | 2001-02-01 | Elbau Elektronik Bauelemente G | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Überwachung und Regelung von Verbrennungsprozessen |
DE19710206A1 (de) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennungsanalyse sowie Flammenüberwachung in einem Verbrennungsraum |
JPH10325515A (ja) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-12-08 | Kubota Corp | 焼却炉 |
DE19746786C2 (de) * | 1997-10-23 | 2000-10-26 | Giersch Gmbh Oel Und Gasbrenne | Optischer Flammenwächter |
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JPH11325427A (ja) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 燃焼炉における燃焼制御方法及び燃焼炉 |
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CN1141513C (zh) * | 2001-05-25 | 2004-03-10 | 王满家 | 测量锅炉燃烧辐射能及温度场并控制燃烧的方法及其系统 |
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EP1391655A1 (de) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-25 | Powitec Intelligent Technologies GmbH | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines thermodynamischen Prozesses |
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-
2005
- 2005-02-26 DE DE102005008893A patent/DE102005008893B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-02-17 JP JP2007556540A patent/JP4898711B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-17 CN CN2006800060650A patent/CN101128698B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-17 WO PCT/EP2006/001459 patent/WO2006089693A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-02-17 EP EP06707048.2A patent/EP1851481B1/de not_active Not-in-force
-
2007
- 2007-07-13 US US11/879,002 patent/US7600997B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2006089693A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101128698A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
JP4898711B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 |
JP2008531963A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
CN101128698B (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
EP1851481B1 (de) | 2013-10-16 |
DE102005008893A1 (de) | 2006-08-31 |
US20070264604A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
US7600997B2 (en) | 2009-10-13 |
DE102005008893B4 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
WO2006089693A1 (de) | 2006-08-31 |
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