EP1712750B1 - Spark plug for hybrid vehicle and method for decompression of a hybrid vehicle engine - Google Patents
Spark plug for hybrid vehicle and method for decompression of a hybrid vehicle engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1712750B1 EP1712750B1 EP06300273A EP06300273A EP1712750B1 EP 1712750 B1 EP1712750 B1 EP 1712750B1 EP 06300273 A EP06300273 A EP 06300273A EP 06300273 A EP06300273 A EP 06300273A EP 1712750 B1 EP1712750 B1 EP 1712750B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- spark plug
- movable element
- exhaust duct
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/08—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for decompression, e.g. during starting; for changing compression ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a candle for a hybrid motor vehicle.
- a hybrid drive or traction vehicle is equipped, for example, with an electric traction motor powered by an onboard vehicle battery pack and an internal combustion traction motor.
- the vehicle thus uses several sources of energy, in particular a fuel and electrical energy stored in the battery.
- Hybrid vehicles offer several modes of operation and are able to use traction motors depending on the driving conditions of the vehicle, particularly in order to limit energy consumption and polluting emissions.
- these vehicles are capable of operating either in an electric operating mode, in which the motive power is provided by an electric motor, or in a hybrid mode, in which the motive power is supplied by the electric motor. and by the heat engine, which then operate jointly, in adjustable proportions, the electric motor can operate in energy recovery.
- a control unit is provided to determine the operating mode to be used and to control the motors.
- the internal combustion engine compresses the air present inside combustion chambers thus generating a significant resistive torque, which causes including increased energy consumption of the vehicle.
- This design has the disadvantage of requiring a modification of the cylinder head for the implementation of the hydraulic control circuit.
- the use of a hydraulic circuit provided in particular with a pump, a reservoir, supply lines and an actuator substantially increases the manufacturing costs of the engine and the hybrid motor vehicle.
- the patent US 4,543,927 provides an internal combustion engine for a hybrid motor vehicle comprising an electromechanical actuator attached to a cylinder head of the engine to allow movement of an exhaust valve of said engine, when the vehicle is operating in electric operating mode.
- this solution requires a modification of the engine cylinder head as well as the addition of an additional element generating high manufacturing costs.
- the present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages to allow, by means of particularly simple and relatively low cost, an evacuation of the air present inside an internal combustion engine of a hybrid motor vehicle .
- an internal combustion engine spark plug for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and said internal combustion engine is used, the spark plug being provided with a body intended to be mounted at least partly inside. a combustion chamber of the engine, an air inlet orifice formed at a distal portion of the body, an air exhaust orifice formed at a proximal portion of said body , an air exhaust duct mounted inside the body and connecting said orifices, a movable member capable of closing said duct and means for actuating the movable member.
- the document JP-A-09079018 describes an example of such a candle.
- this solution does not require any modification of the cylinder head of the engine, the candle being adapted to be mounted instead of a traditionally used candle.
- this solution offers the advantage of not requiring the addition of additional elements generating manufacturing and assembly constraints as well as high manufacturing costs, to allow a safe and effective control of the decompression of the engine.
- the actuating means comprise a solenoid valve.
- the actuating means comprise a coil mounted on the body and able to create a magnetic field, and a member mounted inside the exhaust duct and able to exert a permanent force on the movable element, the mobile element, made of metallic material, being arranged to cooperate magnetically with the coil.
- the movable element is guided in translation inside the exhaust duct and blocked by at least one stop provided at said duct.
- the candle may comprise a heating element, the air inlet opening being arranged near an upper end of said heating element.
- the exhaust duct has a T-shape.
- the spark plug preferably comprises a fastening means on a cylinder head of the engine.
- the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and said internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder and a cylinder head closing the cylinder and defining a combustion chamber, a candle comprising a body partly mounted inside the combustion chamber of the engine.
- the spark plug is further provided with an air inlet opening formed at a distal portion of the body mounted within the combustion chamber of the engine, an exhaust port of air formed at a proximal portion of the body, an air exhaust duct disposed inside the body and connecting said holes so as to allow evacuation of the air present inside the body.
- combustion chamber a movable element capable of closing off said exhaust duct, and means for actuating the movable element according to the operation of the engine.
- the invention finally relates to a compression method of an internal combustion engine of a hybrid motor vehicle in which the air is exhausted inside the engine by means of a spark plug of the following engine the mode of operation of the motor vehicle.
- a spark plug referenced 1 as a whole, is mounted on a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine.
- the spark plug 1 shown here is a glow plug for diesel type engine. However, it is readily apparent that a spark plug for a gasoline engine can also be used.
- the spark plug 1 comprises a body 3, of elongated shape extending along a main axis 4, and provided with a fastening element 5 disposed on the cylinder head 2 and a cylindrical sleeve 6 mounted at a lower end of said element 5, and coming partly inside a combustion chamber 7, formed by the upper surface of a piston (not shown) and the cylinder head 2.
- the element 5 of generally cylindrical shape, is provided with a thread 8 on a part of its cylindrical outer surface, allowing the attachment of the spark plug 1 to the cylinder head 2, a bore 9 and a radial projection 10 located axially near an upper face of the cylinder head 2. A lower end of the element 5 is slightly protruding inside the combustion chamber 7.
- the sleeve 6, fixed inside the bore 9 of the element 5, is closed at a lower end.
- the sleeve 6 delimits an inner space 11 extending substantially vertically downwardly the bore 9.
- a body 11a made of ceramic.
- the body 11a extends from the lower end of the sleeve 6 to near the upper end of the element 5.
- a heating element such as an electrical resistance 12 and a resistance wire 13 connected to the electrical resistance 12.
- Said wire 13 extends from the sleeve 6 to near the upper end of the body 3, and is connected via a recess (not shown) to a connector 14 mounted on the cylindrical surface outer sleeve 5, near the upper face of the cylinder head 2.
- the spark plug 1 also comprises a ring-shaped coil 15 mounted at an upper end of the element 5 bearing against the body 11a, and a cylindrical support 16 mounted at the upper end of the element 5.
- the coil 15 is mounted partly inside the bore 9 of the element 5 and partly inside a recess of the support 16.
- the coil 15 can be supplied with voltage, via connection wires 17, here two in number, and passing through the support 16 to protrude from an upper end of said support.
- the sleeve 6 also comprises, near the lower end of the element 5, an air inlet opening 18 passing through the thickness of said sleeve. From said orifice 18, an air exhaust duct 19 is formed inside the body 11a.
- the duct 19 comprises a first cylindrical recess 19a extending radially from the orifice 18, towards the inside of the body 11a, which is extended axially upwards, in the direction of the spool 15, by a second cylindrical recess 19b extending to the upper end of said body 11a.
- the second obviously 19b is here substantially centered on the axis 4 of the body 3.
- this recess eccentrically, for example in the case of an application to a gasoline engine provided with a candle comprising a central electrode.
- a third radially extending cylindrical recess 19c joins the vicinity of the upper end of the second portion 19b, and extends to an outlet port 20, or exhaust, formed at the projection 10 of the element 5.
- the body 3 comprises an inlet orifice 18 formed at a distal portion of said body projecting inside the combustion chamber 7, an outlet orifice 20 arranged at a proximal portion of said body located outside the cylinder head 2, and an exhaust duct 19 extending between said orifices 18, 20.
- the exhaust duct 19 comprises, at the level of the recess 19b, inwardly directed radial protuberances forming abutments 21 and 22.
- the stops 21, 22 are located near the recess 19c of the exhaust duct 19 Of course, it is also conceivable to provide, in replacement of said stops, a continuous radial annular bead directed inwards.
- the candle 1 is also provided with a movable element 23, advantageously made of metallic material, mounted partly inside the recess 19b of the exhaust duct 19 and partly inside a space delimited by the spool 15.
- the spark plug 1 is provided with an actuator such as a spring 24 mounted here in said space, one end of the spring 24 being hooked on a lower surface of the support 16, the other end of the spring 24 being hooked on the movable element 23.
- the spring 24 is thus able to exert a permanent force on the movable element 23.
- the movable element 23 is able to move between a position retracted relative to the recess 19c of the exhaust duct 19 so as to allow circulation between the inlet and outlet orifices 18 and outlet 20, and a position deployed in which said movable member 23 abuts against the stops 21 and 22 so as to cut off the air flow between said orifices 18 and 20. In the deployed position, the movable element 23 obstructs the inner end of the recess 19c of the exhaust duct 19.
- the mode of operation of a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine comprising such a candle is as follows.
- a motor control unit controls the supply of the coil 15, via the connection wires 17, which generates a magnetic flux attracting the movable member 23 in its position retracted, which compresses the spring 24. This operation thus allows to put the combustion chamber of the engine at atmospheric pressure.
- the control unit stops feeding the coil 15, which causes a displacement of the movable member 23, under the effect of the spring 24, until it comes into contact with the stops 21 and 22, so as to stop the escape of air towards the outside.
- the control unit can then control the injection of diesel fuel by injectors (not shown).
- the coil 15 and the spring 24 constitute actuating means of the movable element 23, said elements thus forming a solenoid valve.
- the present invention thus makes it possible to obtain a candle of particularly simple and effective construction, to achieve the escape of the air included inside a chamber of combustion of an engine, so as to improve the energy consumption of a hybrid motor vehicle, during operation in an electric mode, while allowing, during a hybrid mode of operation, to stop the escape air outward progressively cylinder by cylinder in the ignition sequence of the engine.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à une bougie pour véhicule automobile hybride.The present invention relates to a candle for a hybrid motor vehicle.
Un véhicule à propulsion ou traction hybride est équipé, par exemple, d'un moteur de traction électrique alimenté par une batterie d'alimentation embarquée à bord du véhicule et d'un moteur de traction à combustion interne. Le véhicule utilise ainsi plusieurs sources d'énergie, en particulier un carburant et une énergie électrique stockée dans la batterie.A hybrid drive or traction vehicle is equipped, for example, with an electric traction motor powered by an onboard vehicle battery pack and an internal combustion traction motor. The vehicle thus uses several sources of energy, in particular a fuel and electrical energy stored in the battery.
Les véhicules hybrides offrent plusieurs modes de fonctionnement et sont capables d'utiliser les moteurs de traction en fonction des conditions de roulage du véhicule, notamment afin de limiter la consommation énergétique et les émissions polluantes.Hybrid vehicles offer several modes of operation and are able to use traction motors depending on the driving conditions of the vehicle, particularly in order to limit energy consumption and polluting emissions.
Ainsi, par exemple, ces véhicules sont capables de fonctionner soit selon un mode de fonctionnement électrique, dans lequel l'énergie motrice est fournie par un moteur électrique, soit selon un mode hybride, dans lequel l'énergie motrice est fournie par le moteur électrique et par le moteur thermique, qui fonctionnent alors conjointement, dans des proportions réglables, le moteur électrique pouvant fonctionner en récupération d'énergie. Généralement, une unité de commande est prévue pour déterminer le mode de fonctionnement devant être utilisé et pour piloter les moteurs.Thus, for example, these vehicles are capable of operating either in an electric operating mode, in which the motive power is provided by an electric motor, or in a hybrid mode, in which the motive power is supplied by the electric motor. and by the heat engine, which then operate jointly, in adjustable proportions, the electric motor can operate in energy recovery. Generally, a control unit is provided to determine the operating mode to be used and to control the motors.
Lors du fonctionnement du véhicule automobile hybride en mode électrique, le moteur à combustion interne comprime l'air présent à l'intérieur de chambres de combustion générant ainsi un couple résistif important, ce qui provoque notamment une consommation énergétique accrue du véhicule.During the operation of the hybrid motor vehicle in electric mode, the internal combustion engine compresses the air present inside combustion chambers thus generating a significant resistive torque, which causes including increased energy consumption of the vehicle.
A cet effet, on connaît, par le brevet
Outre le fait de nécessiter l'adjonction d'un décaleur d'arbre à cames pour permettre une décompression du moteur lorsque le véhicule fonctionne selon un mode de fonctionnement électrique, cette solution présente l'inconvénient de ne pas permettre un pilotage indépendant des soupapes d'échappement des différents cylindres du moteur.In addition to requiring the addition of a camshaft shifter to allow decompression of the engine when the vehicle operates in an electric operating mode, this solution has the disadvantage of not allowing independent control of the valves d exhaust of the different cylinders of the engine.
On connaît également, par le brevet
Cette conception présente l'inconvénient de nécessiter une modification de la culasse pour l'implantation du circuit hydraulique de commande. En outre, l'utilisation d'un circuit hydraulique pourvu notamment d'une pompe, d'un réservoir, de conduites d'alimentation et d'un actionneur accroît sensiblement les coûts de fabrication du moteur thermique et du véhicule automobile hybride.This design has the disadvantage of requiring a modification of the cylinder head for the implementation of the hydraulic control circuit. In addition, the use of a hydraulic circuit provided in particular with a pump, a reservoir, supply lines and an actuator substantially increases the manufacturing costs of the engine and the hybrid motor vehicle.
Le brevet
D'une manière analogue, cette solution nécessite une modification de la culasse du moteur ainsi que l'adjonction d'un élément additionnel engendrant des coûts de fabrication élevés.In a similar way, this solution requires a modification of the engine cylinder head as well as the addition of an additional element generating high manufacturing costs.
La présente invention a donc pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients pour permettre, par des moyens particulièrement simples et de coût relativement réduit, une évacuation de l'air présent à l'intérieur d'un moteur de combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile hybride.The present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages to allow, by means of particularly simple and relatively low cost, an evacuation of the air present inside an internal combustion engine of a hybrid motor vehicle .
A cet effet, on utilise une bougie de moteur à combustion interne pour véhicule automobile hybride pourvu d'un moteur électrique et dudit moteur à combustion interne, la bougie étant pourvue d'un corps destiné à être monté au moins en partie à l'intérieur d'une chambre de combustion du moteur, d'un orifice d'entrée d'air ménagé au niveau d'une portion distale du corps, d'un orifice d'échappement d'air ménagé au niveau d'une portion proximale dudit corps, d'un conduit d'échappement d'air monté à l'intérieur du corps et reliant lesdits orifices, d'un élément mobile capable d'obturer ledit conduit et de moyens d'actionnement de l'élément mobile.For this purpose, an internal combustion engine spark plug for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and said internal combustion engine is used, the spark plug being provided with a body intended to be mounted at least partly inside. a combustion chamber of the engine, an air inlet orifice formed at a distal portion of the body, an air exhaust orifice formed at a proximal portion of said body , an air exhaust duct mounted inside the body and connecting said orifices, a movable member capable of closing said duct and means for actuating the movable member.
Le document
L'utilisation d'une telle bougie permet de réaliser, de manière particulièrement économique, une évacuation de l'air présent à l'intérieur du moteur, notamment lorsque le véhicule hybride fonctionne selon un mode de fonctionnement électrique, permettant ainsi de réduire sensiblement le couple résistif dudit moteur.The use of such a candle makes it possible, particularly economically, an evacuation of the air present inside the engine, especially when the hybrid vehicle operates in an electric operating mode, thus substantially reducing the resistive torque of said motor.
En effet, cette solution ne nécessite aucune modification de la culasse du moteur, la bougie étant adaptée pour être montée en lieu et place d'une bougie traditionnellement utilisée. Ainsi, cette solution offre l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter l'ajout d'éléments additionnels générant des contraintes de fabrication et de montage ainsi que des coûts de fabrication élevés, pour permettre une commande sûre et efficace de la décompression du moteur.Indeed, this solution does not require any modification of the cylinder head of the engine, the candle being adapted to be mounted instead of a traditionally used candle. Thus, this solution offers the advantage of not requiring the addition of additional elements generating manufacturing and assembly constraints as well as high manufacturing costs, to allow a safe and effective control of the decompression of the engine.
Par ailleurs, il est également possible, avec de telles bougies, de prévoir l'arrêt de l'échappement d'air cylindre par cylindre, avantageusement dans l'ordre d'allumage du moteur, pour obtenir une meilleure optimisation de la consommation énergétique dudit moteur. En outre, l'utilisation de telles bougies permet de réaliser d'éventuelles opérations de maintenance de manière particulièrement rapide et aisée.Furthermore, it is also possible, with such spark plugs, to provide for the stopping of the cylinder-by-cylinder air exhaust, advantageously in the ignition order of the engine, in order to obtain a better optimization of the energy consumption of said engine. engine. In addition, the use of such candles makes possible any maintenance operations particularly quickly and easily.
Avantageusement, selon l'invention, les moyens d'actionnement comprennent une électrovanne.Advantageously, according to the invention, the actuating means comprise a solenoid valve.
Préférentiellement, les moyens d'actionnement comprennent une bobine montée sur le corps et apte à créer un champ magnétique, et un organe monté à l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement et apte à exercer un effort permanent sur l'élément mobile, l'élément mobile, réalisé en matière métallique, étant disposé de manière à coopérer magnétiquement avec la bobine.Preferably, the actuating means comprise a coil mounted on the body and able to create a magnetic field, and a member mounted inside the exhaust duct and able to exert a permanent force on the movable element, the mobile element, made of metallic material, being arranged to cooperate magnetically with the coil.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'élément mobile est guidé en translation à l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement et bloqué par au moins une butée ménagée au niveau dudit conduit.In one embodiment, the movable element is guided in translation inside the exhaust duct and blocked by at least one stop provided at said duct.
La bougie peut comprendre un élément chauffant, l'orifice d'entrée d'air pouvant être ménagé à proximité d'une extrémité supérieure dudit élément chauffant.The candle may comprise a heating element, the air inlet opening being arranged near an upper end of said heating element.
Avantageusement, le conduit d'échappement présente une forme en T.Advantageously, the exhaust duct has a T-shape.
La bougie comprend, de préférence, un moyen de fixation sur une culasse du moteur.The spark plug preferably comprises a fastening means on a cylinder head of the engine.
L'invention concerne également un moteur à combustion interne pour véhicule automobile hybride pourvu d'un moteur électrique et dudit moteur à combustion interne, comprenant au moins un cylindre et une culasse obturant le cylindre et définissant une chambre de combustion, une bougie comprenant un corps monté en partie à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion du moteur. La bougie est pourvue, en outre, d'un orifice d'entrée d'air ménagé au niveau d'une portion distale du corps montée à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion du moteur, d'un orifice d'échappement d'air ménagé au niveau d'une portion proximale du corps, d'un conduit d'échappement d'air disposé à l'intérieur du corps et reliant lesdits orifices de manière à permettre une évacuation de l'air présent à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion, d'un élément mobile capable d'obturer ledit conduit d'échappement, et de moyens d'actionnement de l'élément mobile suivant le fonctionnement du moteur.The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and said internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder and a cylinder head closing the cylinder and defining a combustion chamber, a candle comprising a body partly mounted inside the combustion chamber of the engine. The spark plug is further provided with an air inlet opening formed at a distal portion of the body mounted within the combustion chamber of the engine, an exhaust port of air formed at a proximal portion of the body, an air exhaust duct disposed inside the body and connecting said holes so as to allow evacuation of the air present inside the body. combustion chamber, a movable element capable of closing off said exhaust duct, and means for actuating the movable element according to the operation of the engine.
L'invention concerne enfin un procédé de compression d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule automobile hybride dans lequel on réalise l'échappement de l'air à l'intérieur du moteur par l'intermédiaire d'une bougie dudit moteur suivant le mode de fonctionnement du véhicule automobile.The invention finally relates to a compression method of an internal combustion engine of a hybrid motor vehicle in which the air is exhausted inside the engine by means of a spark plug of the following engine the mode of operation of the motor vehicle.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude d'un mode de réalisation décrit à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif, et illustré par le dessin annexé.The invention will be better understood from the study of an embodiment described by way of non-limiting example, and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.
Sur la figure, une bougie, référencée 1 dans son ensemble, est montée sur une culasse 2 d'un moteur à combustion interne. La bougie 1 représentée ici est une bougie de préchauffage pour moteur de type Diesel. Toutefois, on conçoit aisément qu'une bougie d'allumage pour moteur à essence peut également être utilisée.In the figure, a spark plug, referenced 1 as a whole, is mounted on a
La bougie 1 comprend un corps 3, de forme allongée s'étendant suivant un axe principal 4, et pourvu d'un élément 5 de fixation disposé sur la culasse 2 et d'un manchon 6 cylindrique monté à une extrémité inférieure dudit élément 5, et venant en partie à l'intérieur d'une chambre de combustion 7, formée par la surface supérieure d'un piston (non représenté) et la culasse 2.The
L'élément 5, de forme générale cylindrique, est pourvu d'un filetage 8 sur une partie de sa surface extérieure cylindrique, permettant la fixation de la bougie 1 sur la culasse 2, d'un alésage 9 et d'une saillie 10 radiale située axialement à proximité d'une face supérieure de la culasse 2. Une extrémité inférieure de l'élément 5 est légèrement en saillie à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion 7.The
Le manchon 6, fixé à l'intérieur de l'alésage 9 de l'élément 5, est fermé à une extrémité inférieure. Le manchon 6 délimite un espace 11 intérieur prolongeant sensiblement verticalement vers le bas l'alésage 9. A l'intérieur de l'espace 11 et de l'alésage 9 est monté un corps 11a, réalisé en céramique. Le corps 11a s'étend à partir de l'extrémité inférieure du manchon 6 jusqu'à proximité de l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément 5. A l'intérieur du manchon 6 sont ici disposés un élément chauffant tel qu'une résistance électrique 12 de chauffage et un fil de résistance 13 relié à la résistance électrique 12.The
Ledit fil 13 s'étend à partir du manchon 6 jusqu'à proximité de l'extrémité supérieure du corps 3, et est relié, par l'intermédiaire d'un évidement (non représenté), à un connecteur 14 monté sur la surface cylindrique extérieure du manchon 5, à proximité de la face supérieure de la culasse 2.Said
La bougie 1 comprend également une bobine 15, de forme annulaire, montée à une extrémité supérieure de l'élément 5 en appui contre le corps 11a, et un support 16 cylindrique monté à l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément 5. La bobine 15 est montée en partie à l'intérieur de l'alésage 9 de l'élément 5 et en partie à l'intérieur d'un évidemment du support 16. La bobine 15 peut être alimentée en tension, par l'intermédiaire de fils de connexion 17, ici au nombre de deux, et traversant le support 16 pour venir en saillie par rapport à une extrémité supérieure dudit support.The
Le manchon 6 comprend également, à proximité de l'extrémité inférieure de l'élément 5, un orifice d'entrée d'air 18 traversant l'épaisseur dudit manchon. A partir dudit orifice 18, un conduit d'échappement d'air 19 est ménagé à l'intérieur du corps 11a. Le conduit 19 comprend un premier évidement 19a cylindrique s'étendant radialement à partir de l'orifice 18, vers l'intérieur du corps 11a, qui est prolongé axialement vers le haut, en direction de la bobine 15, par un second évidement 19b cylindrique s'étendant jusqu'à l'extrémité supérieure dudit corps 11a. Le second évidemment 19b est ici sensiblement centré sur l'axe 4 du corps 3. Toutefois, il est également envisageable de disposer cet évidement de façon excentrée, par exemple dans le cas d'une application à un moteur essence pourvu d'une bougie comprenant une électrode centrale.The
Un troisième évidement 19c cylindrique s'étendant radialement se raccorde au voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure de la seconde partie 19b, et s'étend jusqu'à un orifice de sortie 20, ou d'échappement, ménagé au niveau de la saillie 10 de l'élément 5.A third radially extending
En d'autres termes, le corps 3 comprend un orifice d'entrée 18 ménagé au niveau d'une portion distale dudit corps en saillie à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion 7, un orifice de sortie 20 ménagé au niveau d'une portion proximale dudit corps situé à l'extérieur de la culasse 2, et d'un conduit d'échappement 19 s'étendant entre lesdits orifices 18, 20.In other words, the
Le conduit d'échappement 19 comprend, au niveau de l'évidement 19b, des excroissances radiales dirigées vers l'intérieur formant butées 21 et 22. Les butées 21, 22 sont situées à proximité de l'évidement 19c du conduit d'échappement 19. Bien entendu, il est également envisageable de prévoir, en remplacement desdites butées, un bourrelet annulaire radial continu et dirigé vers l'intérieur.The
La bougie 1 est pourvue également d'un élément mobile 23, avantageusement réalisé en matière métallique, monté en partie à l'intérieur de l'évidement 19b du conduit d'échappement 19 et en partie à l'intérieur d'un espace délimité par la bobine 15. La bougie 1 est pourvue d'un actionneur tel qu'un ressort 24 monté ici dans ledit espace, une extrémité du ressort 24 étant accrochée sur une surface inférieure du support 16, l'autre extrémité du ressort 24 étant accrochée sur l'élément mobile 23. Le ressort 24 est ainsi apte à exercer un effort permanent sur l'élément mobile 23.The
L'élément mobile 23 est apte à se déplacer entre une position rétractée par rapport à l'évidement 19c du conduit d'échappement 19 de manière à permettre une circulation entre les orifices d'entrée 18 et de sortie 20, et une position déployée dans laquelle ledit élément mobile 23 vient en appui contre les butées 21 et 22 de manière à couper la circulation d'air entre lesdites orifices 18 et 20. Dans la position déployée, l'élément mobile 23 obstrue l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 19c du conduit d'échappement 19.The
Le mode de fonctionnement d'un véhicule automobile hybride pourvu d'un moteur électrique et d'un moteur à combustion interne comprenant une telle bougie est le suivant.The mode of operation of a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and an internal combustion engine comprising such a candle is as follows.
Lorsque le véhicule automobile hybride fonctionne en mode électrique, une unité de contrôle du moteur commande l'alimentation de la bobine 15, par l'intermédiaire des fils de connexion 17, ce qui génère un flux magnétique attirant l'élément mobile 23 dans sa position rétractée, ce qui comprime le ressort 24. Cette opération permet ainsi de mettre la chambre de combustion du moteur à la pression atmosphérique. Lors du fonctionnement du véhicule automobile selon un mode hybride, l'unité de contrôle stoppe l'alimentation de la bobine 15, ce qui provoque un déplacement de l'élément mobile 23, sous l'effet du ressort 24, jusqu'à ce qu'il vienne en contact avec les butées 21 et 22, de manière à arrêter l'échappement d'air en direction de l'extérieur. L'unité de contrôle peut ensuite commander l'injection du gasoil par des injecteurs (non représentés). La bobine 15 et le ressort 24 constituent des moyens d'actionnement de l'élément mobile 23, lesdits éléments formant ainsi une électrovanne.When the hybrid motor vehicle is operating in electric mode, a motor control unit controls the supply of the
Bien entendu, il est également envisageable de prévoir, comme mentionné précédemment, une conception similaire pour des bougies d'allumage de moteurs thermiques à essence pourvues d'une manière analogue d'orifices d'entrée et de sortie d'air, d'un conduit d'échappement, et d'un élément mobile actionnable.Of course, it is also conceivable to provide, as mentioned above, a similar design for gasoline engine spark plugs provided with a similar manner of air inlet and outlet ports, a exhaust duct, and an operable movable member.
La présente invention permet ainsi d'obtenir une bougie de construction particulièrement simple et efficace, pour réaliser l'échappement de l'air compris à l'intérieur d'une chambre de combustion d'un moteur, de manière à pouvoir améliorer la consommation énergétique d'un véhicule automobile hybride, lors d'un fonctionnement selon un mode électrique, tout en permettant, lors d'un mode de fonctionnement hybride, d'arrêter l'échappement d'air vers l'extérieur progressivement cylindre par cylindre dans l'ordre d'allumage du moteur thermique.The present invention thus makes it possible to obtain a candle of particularly simple and effective construction, to achieve the escape of the air included inside a chamber of combustion of an engine, so as to improve the energy consumption of a hybrid motor vehicle, during operation in an electric mode, while allowing, during a hybrid mode of operation, to stop the escape air outward progressively cylinder by cylinder in the ignition sequence of the engine.
Claims (7)
- Internal combustion engine spark plug for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and with said internal combustion engine, the spark plug being provided with a body (3) designed to be mounted at least partly inside a combustion chamber of the engine, an air inlet orifice (18) made at a distal portion of the body, an air exhaust orifice (20) made at a proximal portion of the said body, an air exhaust duct (19) mounted inside the body and connecting the said orifices, a movable element (23) capable of shutting off the said duct, and means of actuating the movable element, characterized in that the actuation means comprise a coil (15) mounted on the body and capable of creating a magnetic field, and a member (24) mounted inside the exhaust duct and capable of exerting a permanent force on the movable element, and in that the movable element, made of metal, is placed so as to interact magnetically with the coil.
- Spark plug according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuation means comprise an electrovalve.
- Spark plug according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the movable element is guided in translation inside the exhaust duct (19) and stopped by at least one abutment (21, 22) made at the said duct.
- Spark plug according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a heating element, the air inlet orifice being made close to an upper end of said heating element.
- Spark plug according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust duct is T-shaped.
- Spark plug according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a means of attachment to a cylinder head of the engine.
- Internal combustion engine for a hybrid motor vehicle provided with an electric motor and with said internal combustion engine, comprising at least one cylinder and one cylinder head (2) closing off the cylinder and defining a combustion chamber, a spark plug provided with a body (3) partly mounted inside the combustion chamber of the engine, an air inlet orifice (18) made at a distal portion of the body mounted inside the combustion chamber of the engine, an air exhaust orifice (20) made at a proximal portion of the body, an air exhaust duct (19) placed inside the body and connecting the said orifices so as to allow the air present inside the combustion chamber to be discharged, a movable element (23) capable of shutting off the said exhaust duct, and means of actuating the movable element according to the operation of the engine, characterized in that the actuation means comprise a coil (15) mounted on the body and capable of creating a magnetic field, and a member (24) mounted inside the exhaust duct and capable of exerting a permanent force on the movable element, and in that the movable element, made of metal, is placed so as to interact magnetically with the coil.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0503731A FR2884561B1 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2005-04-14 | CANDLE FOR A HYBRID MOTOR VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR ASSOCIATED DECOMPRESSION OF A HYBRID VEHICLE ENGINE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1712750A1 EP1712750A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
| EP1712750B1 true EP1712750B1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
ID=35355695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06300273A Not-in-force EP1712750B1 (en) | 2005-04-14 | 2006-03-23 | Spark plug for hybrid vehicle and method for decompression of a hybrid vehicle engine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1712750B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE370316T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602006000069T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2884561B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB879891A (en) * | 1958-11-15 | 1961-10-11 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Improvements in or relating to the starting of internal combustion engines |
| US4543927A (en) | 1983-12-08 | 1985-10-01 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | Engine control circuit |
| US4936273A (en) | 1989-04-28 | 1990-06-26 | Myers Vaughn D | Decompression system for diesel engines |
| DE19500216A1 (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1996-07-11 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | Decompression valve for IC engine of small hand-tool, e.g. chain saw |
| JPH0979018A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-25 | Maruyama Mfg Co Ltd | Spark plug |
| DE19636811C2 (en) | 1996-09-11 | 2000-06-15 | Hatz Motoren | Automatic decompression |
| US6240888B1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-06-05 | Rich Pilney | Internal combustion engine decompression valve kit and method for making same |
| US6557510B2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2003-05-06 | S & S Cycle, Inc. | Internal combustion engine compression reduction system |
-
2005
- 2005-04-14 FR FR0503731A patent/FR2884561B1/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-03-23 AT AT06300273T patent/ATE370316T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-03-23 DE DE602006000069T patent/DE602006000069T2/en active Active
- 2006-03-23 EP EP06300273A patent/EP1712750B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2884561B1 (en) | 2010-04-23 |
| DE602006000069T2 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
| ATE370316T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
| FR2884561A1 (en) | 2006-10-20 |
| DE602006000069D1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP1712750A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
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