[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

EP1623636B2 - Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread - Google Patents

Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1623636B2
EP1623636B2 EP04727107.7A EP04727107A EP1623636B2 EP 1623636 B2 EP1623636 B2 EP 1623636B2 EP 04727107 A EP04727107 A EP 04727107A EP 1623636 B2 EP1623636 B2 EP 1623636B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cigarette
cigarette paper
paper
burn
coresta units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04727107.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1623636A4 (en
EP1623636A1 (en
EP1623636B1 (en
Inventor
Takaaki c/o Japan Tobacco Inc. MATSUFUJI
Takeo c/o Japan Tobacco Inc. TSUTSUMI
Takashi c/o Japan Tobacco Inc. KOMINAMI
Keigo c/o Japan Tobacco Inc. MIURA
Ken c/o Japan Tobacco Inc. UYAMA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Japan Tobacco Inc
Original Assignee
Japan Tobacco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=33295905&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1623636(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Japan Tobacco Inc filed Critical Japan Tobacco Inc
Publication of EP1623636A1 publication Critical patent/EP1623636A1/en
Publication of EP1623636A4 publication Critical patent/EP1623636A4/en
Publication of EP1623636B1 publication Critical patent/EP1623636B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1623636B2 publication Critical patent/EP1623636B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low flame-spreading cigarette that is unlikely to cause flame spread from the kindling to the surroundings so as not to allow the ignited cigarette to cause fire by, for example, the carelessness of the smoker.
  • Cigarettes have been proposed, including, for example, a cigarette having a cellulose paper band, which is 2 to 20 mm wide, formed on the cigarette paper to impart self-extinguishing property(see Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 63-85200 ), and a cigarette in which a band coated with a flame retardant substance is formed on the cigarette paper (see Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 7-300795 ), in order to prevent the spread of flame from the kindling to, for example, the floor, where the cigarette is dropped onto, for example, the floor by the carelessness of the smoker. Further, a cigarette paper having a nonflammable substance pasted thereto is also known.
  • a cigarette has been proposed, in which a smoking material rod having a loading density of 100 to 260 mg/cm 3 is wrapped by a wrapping paper having an air permeability not higher than 7 CORESTA units (see Japanese Patent No. 3,001,582 ). Further, a cigarette has been proposed, in which the burn rate is lowered by using a wrapping paper having a low air permeability (7 CORESTA units), having a small amount of loading material, and having a small basis weight (see International Publication WO 01/48316 ).
  • the tobacco burn is made nonuniform because the cigarette paper includes a flame retardant region and a flammable region.
  • the smoking taste is made nonuniform.
  • the flame spread is lowered by lowering the air permeability of the cigarette paper for this purpose.
  • the ventilation effect produced by the cigarette paper is lowered so as to increase the amount of the carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the mainstream smoke, increasing the carbon monoxide/tar ratio (C/T ratio).
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • C/T ratio carbon monoxide/tar ratio
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a cigarette, which is substantially equal to an ordinary cigarette in smoking behavior and in the burn rate, and which permits improving the C/T ratio in the mainstream smoke and exhibits low flame spread.
  • a cigarette achieving the above object can be obtained merely by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco filler material rod and the amount of the loading material mixed in the cigarette paper at prescribed values.
  • the amount of loading material can be decreased as much as possible within the range of maintaining the static burn by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper to fall within a prescribed range.
  • the present invention is based on these findings.
  • the cigarette of the present invention maintains static burn, and can exhibit a low flame spread property such that, when left to stand on a substrate after static burn over a prescribed distance, a median value of a moving distance of a char line of the cigarette paper in an axial direction of the cigarette until the burn of the cigarette is stopped is not larger than 8 mm.
  • a cigarette according to the present invention comprises a tobacco filler material rod and a cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco filler material rod.
  • the cigarette of the present invention has an outer appearance and shape similar to those of an ordinary cigarette.
  • the tobacco filler material rod used in the cigarette of the present invention is formed of, e.g., ordinary shredded tobacco.
  • the shredded tobacco may contain expanded tobacco and regenerated tobacco, and the central vein of tobacco leaf.
  • the loading density of the shredded tobacco is 130 to 260 mg/cm 3 . If the loading density fails to fall within the range given above, it may sometime become difficult to suppress sufficiently the flame spread even if the tobacco rod is wrapped in the cigarette paper of the present invention. It is more preferable that the loading density of the tobacco filler material is 130 to 230 mg/cm 3 , further preferably 140 to 230 mg/cm 3 .
  • the shredding width of the shredded tobacco to be equal to that of ordinary shredded tobacco. However, in view of low flame spread, it is desirable for the shredding width to be relatively large, i.e., 0.5 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mm.
  • the cigarette paper used in the present invention is based on ordinary pulp such as flax pulp used for forming ordinary cigarette paper and, thus, contains pulp.
  • the cigarette paper used in the present invention has an inherent air permeability (the air permeability of the cigarette paper without any perforations made therein) of more than 20 CORESTA units (C.U.) but 80 CORESTA units or less. If the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper sheet is not higher than 20 CORESTA units, the C/T ratio is increased in the cigarette mainstream smoke that is generated during the smoking stage. On the other hand, if the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper exceeds 80 CORESTA units, the nonuniformity of the air permeability is increased.
  • the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper is desirably more than 20 CORESTA units but 60 CORESTA units or less, and is more desirably 25 to 55 CORESTA units.
  • the cigarette paper may be perforated mechanically or electrically by the ordinary method.
  • the air permeability of the wrapping paper having such holes is not particularly limited.
  • the cigarette paper of the present invention contains loading materials.
  • the loading materials that are used are selected from calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
  • the loading material is contained in the cigarette paper in an amount of 1.6 to 3.3 g/m 2 . If the amount of the loading material is smaller than 1.0 g/m 2 , the cigarette goes out during static burn. Also, if the loading material is contained in an amount exceeding 5.0 g/m 2 , low flame spread cannot be achieved. It is desirable for the amount of the loading material to be 1.4 to 3.7 g/m 2 , more desirably, according to the invention 1.6 to 3.3 g/m 2 . Also, the amount of loading material in the cigarette paper is preferably 6 to 25% by weight, more preferably 7 to 21% by weight, and furthermore preferably 8 to 17% by weight.
  • the basis weight of the cigarette paper is preferably 17 to 28 g/m 2 . If the basis weight is smaller than 17 g/m 2 , it tends to be difficult to stably manufacture the cigarette paper sheet. Also, if the basis weight exceeds 28 g/m 2 , flame spread tends to be promoted.
  • the basis weight of the cigarette paper is more preferably 18 to 25 g/m 2 , furthermore preferably 18 to 22 g/m 2 .
  • a burn adjusting agent such as citric acid or its salt (such as sodium salt or potassium salt) is added to the cigarette paper.
  • the content of the burn adjusting agent is 0.1 to 1.0% by weight. If the amount of burn adjusting agent exceeds 1.0% by weight, the C/T ratio tends to become high.
  • the amount of burn adjusting agent is preferably 0.1 to 0.6% by weight.
  • the cigarette paper of the present invention by having a tensile strength of 10 to 20 N/15 mm or more, can make cigarettes, without difficulty, even if applied to a high-speed cigarette making machine that permits manufacturing cigarettes at a rate of 8,000 to 12,000 cigarettes/min.
  • the tensile strength of the cigarette paper can be controlled by controlling the beating degree of the pulp or by controlling the amount of pulp used for manufacturing the cigarette paper sheet.
  • the tensile strength of the cigarette paper increases with increase in the amount of pulp per unit area of the cigarette paper or in the beating degree of the pulp.
  • a cigarette low in flame spread, and generating mainstream smoke having a small C/T ratio is obtained in spite of the relatively high inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper and the amount of the loading material contained in the cigarette paper to fall within the ranges given above. Also, the cigarette of the present invention permits exhibiting a burn rate substantially equal to that of an ordinary cigarette.
  • the low flame-spreading property of the cigarette of the present invention may be such that, when left to stand on a substrate (10 superposed filter paper sheets) after static burn over a prescribed distance, a median value of a moving distance of a char line of the cigarette paper in an axial direction of the cigarette until the burn of the cigarette is stopped is not larger than 8 mm, preferably 4 mm or lees (measured according to ASTM E 2187-02b method).
  • the most frequently obtained value of the moving distance of the char line noted above may be 8 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or less.
  • Shredded tobacco was wrapped in a flax pulp cigarette paper having the specification shown in Table 1 such that the shredded tobacco had the loading density shown in Table 1 so as to fabricate 40 cigarettes for each case.
  • Calcium carbonate was used as the loading material
  • sodium citrate was used as the burn adjusting agent.
  • Flue-cured shredded tobacco or blended shredded tobacco were used as the shredded tobacco.
  • Table 1 also shows the inherent air permeability and the tensile strength of the cigarette paper. Incidentally, the tensile strength shown in Table 1 was measured by using a tensile strength tester STROGPAPHE-S manufactured by Toyo Seiki K.K. in accordance with the method specified in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) P 8113-1998 (the size of test piece: 15.0 mm X about 250 mm, the gripping distance: 180 ⁇ 2 mm, and the pulling rate: 50 mm/min).
  • JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
  • the static burn rates of the cigarettes thus fabricated were measured by the ordinary method in respect of the fabricated cigarette. Also, the percent full length burn on 10 superposed filter paper sheets was measured by the method specified in ASTM E2187-02b. Further, measurement was made of the median value of the moving distance of the char line of the cigarette paper in the axial direction of the cigarette after the ignited cigarette was placed on the filer papers until the cigarette burning is stopped (or went out). Table 2 shows the results.
  • Table 3 shows the results.
  • Table 1 Ex. No. Cigarette paper Shredded Tobacco Basis weight (g/m 2 ) Amount of loading material cigarette paper (g/m 2 ) Burn in adjusting agent (% by weight) Inherent air permeability (C.U.) Tensile strength (N/15mm) Shredding width (mm) Loading density (mg/cm 3 ) Comp. Ex. 1-1 (Ordinary Cig.
  • the cigarette fabricated by using the cigarette paper specified in the present invention and tobacco filler materials exhibits excellent low flame spread and a small C/T ratio.
  • the present invention provides a cigarette, which permits a smoking behavior similar to that of an ordinary cigarette, also permits a burn rate substantially equal to that of an ordinary cigarette, further permits exhibiting a low flame spread, and is small in C/T ratio in the generated mainstream smoke. Also, since a special band and a special flame retardant substance are not used in the present invention, the cigarette of the present invention continues to produce a prescribed taste under ordinary smoking behavior.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)

Abstract

A cigarette includes a tobacco filler material rod and a cigarette paper wrapping the rod. The cigarette paper has an inherent air permeability of more than 20 CORESTA units but 80 CORESTA units or less and contains a loading material in an amount of 1.0 to 5.0 g/m 2 .

Description

    Technical Field
  • The present invention relates to a low flame-spreading cigarette that is unlikely to cause flame spread from the kindling to the surroundings so as not to allow the ignited cigarette to cause fire by, for example, the carelessness of the smoker.
    • Background Art
  • Cigarettes have been proposed, including, for example, a cigarette having a cellulose paper band, which is 2 to 20 mm wide, formed on the cigarette paper to impart self-extinguishing property(see Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 63-85200 ), and a cigarette in which a band coated with a flame retardant substance is formed on the cigarette paper (see Japanese Patent Disclosure (Kokai) No. 7-300795 ), in order to prevent the spread of flame from the kindling to, for example, the floor, where the cigarette is dropped onto, for example, the floor by the carelessness of the smoker. Further, a cigarette paper having a nonflammable substance pasted thereto is also known. These technologies are based on the idea that a region having high flammability and another region having low flammability are formed in the cigarette paper such that ordinary smoking can be performed in the region having high flammability and that the cigarette is extinguished in the region having low flammability.
  • It is also known well in the art that, if the burn rate of the cigarette is lowered in an attempt to decrease the amount of the sidestream smoke per hour, it is possible to provide a cigarette that can be self-extinguished. As such a cigarette, a cigarette has been proposed, in which shredded tobacco are wrapped with a cigarette paper having a small amount of loading material used an inner paper and with an ordinary cigarette paper used as an outer paper (see Japanese Patent No. 2,572,488 ). Also, as a cigarette with a low sidestream smoke, a cigarette has been proposed, in which a smoking material rod having a loading density of 100 to 260 mg/cm3 is wrapped by a wrapping paper having an air permeability not higher than 7 CORESTA units (see Japanese Patent No. 3,001,582 ). Further, a cigarette has been proposed, in which the burn rate is lowered by using a wrapping paper having a low air permeability (7 CORESTA units), having a small amount of loading material, and having a small basis weight (see International Publication WO 01/48316 ).
  • Further examples of cigarettes are disclosed in EP 1 084 630 and WO 01/08 514 .
  • However, in the case of using a cigarette paper including a nonflammable region, the tobacco burn is made nonuniform because the cigarette paper includes a flame retardant region and a flammable region. Also, the smoking taste is made nonuniform. Also, in the method of lowering flame spread by lowering the burn rate, the flame spread is lowered by lowering the air permeability of the cigarette paper for this purpose. As a result, the ventilation effect produced by the cigarette paper is lowered so as to increase the amount of the carbon monoxide (CO) contained in the mainstream smoke, increasing the carbon monoxide/tar ratio (C/T ratio). Further, if the air permeability of the cigarette paper is lowered, the taste of the tobacco is changed so as to give rise to the problem that an ordinary smoker is caused to feel an incompatibility.
  • On the other hand, it is known that a cigarette using a cigarette paper having a low mixing ratio of loading material is lowered in the burn rate. However, it is experimentally known that the cigarette goes out during static burn, and thus the amount of loading material cannot be decreased excessively.
  • Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cigarette, which is substantially equal to an ordinary cigarette in smoking behavior and in the burn rate, and which permits improving the C/T ratio in the mainstream smoke and exhibits low flame spread.
    • Disclosure of Invention
  • As a result of research conducted in an effort to develop a low flame-spreading cigarette, the present inventors have found that a cigarette achieving the above object can be obtained merely by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco filler material rod and the amount of the loading material mixed in the cigarette paper at prescribed values. The amount of loading material can be decreased as much as possible within the range of maintaining the static burn by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper to fall within a prescribed range. The present invention is based on these findings.
  • According to the present invention, there is provided a cigarette comprising the features of claim 1.
  • The cigarette of the present invention maintains static burn, and can exhibit a low flame spread property such that, when left to stand on a substrate after static burn over a prescribed distance, a median value of a moving distance of a char line of the cigarette paper in an axial direction of the cigarette until the burn of the cigarette is stopped is not larger than 8 mm.
    • Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • The present invention will be described in more detail below.
  • A cigarette according to the present invention comprises a tobacco filler material rod and a cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco filler material rod. The cigarette of the present invention has an outer appearance and shape similar to those of an ordinary cigarette.
  • The tobacco filler material rod used in the cigarette of the present invention is formed of, e.g., ordinary shredded tobacco. The shredded tobacco may contain expanded tobacco and regenerated tobacco, and the central vein of tobacco leaf. It is preferable that the loading density of the shredded tobacco is 130 to 260 mg/cm3. If the loading density fails to fall within the range given above, it may sometime become difficult to suppress sufficiently the flame spread even if the tobacco rod is wrapped in the cigarette paper of the present invention. It is more preferable that the loading density of the tobacco filler material is 130 to 230 mg/cm3, further preferably 140 to 230 mg/cm3. It suffices for the shredding width of the shredded tobacco to be equal to that of ordinary shredded tobacco. However, in view of low flame spread, it is desirable for the shredding width to be relatively large, i.e., 0.5 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2 mm.
  • The cigarette paper used in the present invention is based on ordinary pulp such as flax pulp used for forming ordinary cigarette paper and, thus, contains pulp. The cigarette paper used in the present invention has an inherent air permeability (the air permeability of the cigarette paper without any perforations made therein) of more than 20 CORESTA units (C.U.) but 80 CORESTA units or less. If the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper sheet is not higher than 20 CORESTA units, the C/T ratio is increased in the cigarette mainstream smoke that is generated during the smoking stage. On the other hand, if the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper exceeds 80 CORESTA units, the nonuniformity of the air permeability is increased. The inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper is desirably more than 20 CORESTA units but 60 CORESTA units or less, and is more desirably 25 to 55 CORESTA units.
  • Incidentally, the cigarette paper may be perforated mechanically or electrically by the ordinary method. The air permeability of the wrapping paper having such holes is not particularly limited.
  • The cigarette paper of the present invention contains loading materials. The loading materials that are used are selected from calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The loading material is contained in the cigarette paper in an amount of 1.6 to 3.3 g/m2. If the amount of the loading material is smaller than 1.0 g/m2, the cigarette goes out during static burn. Also, if the loading material is contained in an amount exceeding 5.0 g/m2, low flame spread cannot be achieved. It is desirable for the amount of the loading material to be 1.4 to 3.7 g/m2, more desirably, according to the invention 1.6 to 3.3 g/m2. Also, the amount of loading material in the cigarette paper is preferably 6 to 25% by weight, more preferably 7 to 21% by weight, and furthermore preferably 8 to 17% by weight.
  • The basis weight of the cigarette paper is preferably 17 to 28 g/m2. If the basis weight is smaller than 17 g/m2, it tends to be difficult to stably manufacture the cigarette paper sheet. Also, if the basis weight exceeds 28 g/m2, flame spread tends to be promoted. The basis weight of the cigarette paper is more preferably 18 to 25 g/m2, furthermore preferably 18 to 22 g/m2.
  • A burn adjusting agent such as citric acid or its salt (such as sodium salt or potassium salt) is added to the cigarette paper. The content of the burn adjusting agent is 0.1 to 1.0% by weight. If the amount of burn adjusting agent exceeds 1.0% by weight, the C/T ratio tends to become high. The amount of burn adjusting agent is preferably 0.1 to 0.6% by weight.
  • Incidentally, the cigarette paper of the present invention, by having a tensile strength of 10 to 20 N/15 mm or more, can make cigarettes, without difficulty, even if applied to a high-speed cigarette making machine that permits manufacturing cigarettes at a rate of 8,000 to 12,000 cigarettes/min. The tensile strength of the cigarette paper can be controlled by controlling the beating degree of the pulp or by controlling the amount of pulp used for manufacturing the cigarette paper sheet. The tensile strength of the cigarette paper increases with increase in the amount of pulp per unit area of the cigarette paper or in the beating degree of the pulp.
  • According to the present invention, a cigarette low in flame spread, and generating mainstream smoke having a small C/T ratio is obtained in spite of the relatively high inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper by setting the inherent air permeability of the cigarette paper and the amount of the loading material contained in the cigarette paper to fall within the ranges given above. Also, the cigarette of the present invention permits exhibiting a burn rate substantially equal to that of an ordinary cigarette. The low flame-spreading property of the cigarette of the present invention may be such that, when left to stand on a substrate (10 superposed filter paper sheets) after static burn over a prescribed distance, a median value of a moving distance of a char line of the cigarette paper in an axial direction of the cigarette until the burn of the cigarette is stopped is not larger than 8 mm, preferably 4 mm or lees (measured according to ASTM E 2187-02b method). In a plurality of cigarettes of the present invention, the most frequently obtained value of the moving distance of the char line noted above may be 8 mm or less, preferably 4 mm or less.
  • The present invention will now be described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
    • Examples and Comparative Examples
  • Shredded tobacco was wrapped in a flax pulp cigarette paper having the specification shown in Table 1 such that the shredded tobacco had the loading density shown in Table 1 so as to fabricate 40 cigarettes for each case. Calcium carbonate was used as the loading material, and sodium citrate was used as the burn adjusting agent. Flue-cured shredded tobacco or blended shredded tobacco were used as the shredded tobacco. Table 1 also shows the inherent air permeability and the tensile strength of the cigarette paper. Incidentally, the tensile strength shown in Table 1 was measured by using a tensile strength tester STROGPAPHE-S manufactured by Toyo Seiki K.K. in accordance with the method specified in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) P 8113-1998 (the size of test piece: 15.0 mm X about 250 mm, the gripping distance: 180 ± 2 mm, and the pulling rate: 50 mm/min).
  • The static burn rates of the cigarettes thus fabricated were measured by the ordinary method in respect of the fabricated cigarette. Also, the percent full length burn on 10 superposed filter paper sheets was measured by the method specified in ASTM E2187-02b. Further, measurement was made of the median value of the moving distance of the char line of the cigarette paper in the axial direction of the cigarette after the ignited cigarette was placed on the filer papers until the cigarette burning is stopped (or went out). Table 2 shows the results.
  • Further, measurement by the ordinary method was made of the amount of total particulate matter (TPM), the amount of carbon monoxide and the amount of tar contained in the tobacco mainstream smoke that was generated during burning of each cigarette, and the C/T ratio was calculated. Also measured was the number of puffs. Table 3 shows the results. Table 1
    Ex. No. Cigarette paper Shredded Tobacco
    Basis weight (g/m2) Amount of loading material cigarette paper (g/m2) Burn in adjusting agent (% by weight) Inherent air permeability (C.U.) Tensile strength (N/15mm) Shredding width (mm) Loading density (mg/cm3)
    Comp. Ex. 1-1 (Ordinary Cig. 1) 26 7.7 1.0 35 14 0.8 230
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-1 30 8.7 0 10 >14 0.8 220
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-2 1.2
    Comp. Ex. 1-3-1 21 1.9 0 9 24 0.8 220
    Comp. Ex. 1-3-2 1.2
    Ex. 1-1-1 21 2.4 0.2 34 17 0.8 220
    Ex. 1-1-2 1.2
    Ex. 1-2-1 21 3.3 0.2 52 14 0.8 220
    Ex. 1-2-2 1.2
    Basis weight (g/m2) Amount of loading material cigarette paper (g/m2) Bum in adjusting agent (% by weight) Inherent air permeability (C.U.) Tensile strength (N/15mm) Shredding width (mm) Loading density (mg/cm3)
    Camp. Ex. 1-2 (ordinary Cig. 2) 26 7.7 1.0 35 14 0.8 185
    Ex. 1-1-3 21 2,4 0,2 34 17 1.2 185
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-3 30 8.7 0 10 >14 1.0 140
    Comp. Ex. 1-3-3 21 1.9 0 9 24 1.0 140
    Ex. 1-1-4 21 2.4 0.2 34 17 1.0 140
    Ex. 1-2-3 21 3.3 0.2 52 14 1.0 140
    Table 2
    Ex. No. Cigarette Properties
    Static burn rate (mm/min) Static weight burn rate (mg/min) Percent full length burn (%) Median value(mm) of moving distance of char line until cigarette went out
    Comp. Ex, 1-1 (Ordinary Cig. 1) 4.5 45 100 -
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-1 3.2 32 30 4
    Comp. Ex, 1-2-2 33 33 18 12
    Comp. Ex, 1-3-1 Went out 0 - -
    Comp. Ex. 1-3-2 Went out 0 -
    Ex. 1-1-1 3.2 36 8 4
    Ex. 1-1-2 2.9 34 0 5
    Ex. 1-2-1 3.2 37 18 6
    Ex. 1-2-2 3.2 37 18 5
    Comp. Ex. 1-2 (Ordinary Cig. 2) 5.5 51 100 -
    Ex. 1-1-3 4.1 38 10 6
    Comp. Ex, 1-2-3 4.6 31 0 3
    Comp. Ex. 1-3-3 Went out 0 -
    Ex. 1-1-4 4.0 27 0 3
    Ex. 1-2-3 4.2 29 0 4
    Table 3
    Ex. No. Components in Mainstream Smoke Number of puffs (times/cig.)
    TPM (mg/cig.) Tar (mg/cig.) CO (mg/cig.) C/T ratio
    Comp, Ex. 1-1 (Ordinary Cig. 1) 30 23 15 0.64 7.6
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-1 38 28 18 0.64 8.6
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-2 37 28 18 0.64 8.8
    Comp, Ex. 1-3-1 45 33 21 0.59 9.9
    Comp, Ex. 1-3-2 45 33 20 0.64 10.2
    Ex. 1-1-1 42 31 17 0.56 9.1
    Ex. 1-1-2 42 30 17 0.55 9.6
    Ex, 1-2-1 40 28 15 0.54 8.9
    Ex, 2-2 41 29 15 0.53 9.0
    Comp. Ex. 1-2 (Ordinary Cig. 2) 20 19 11 0.57 5.3
    Ex. 1-1-3 36 25 13 0.51 6.9
    Comp. Ex. 1-2-3 36 25 13 0.51 6.2
    Comp, Ex. 1-3-3 37 26 13 0.51 6.8
    Ex. 1-1-4 33 19 10 0.45 6.0
    Ex. 1-2-3 26- 23 9 0.47 5.4
  • As is apparent from the results given in Tables 2 and 3, the cigarette fabricated by using the cigarette paper specified in the present invention and tobacco filler materials exhibits excellent low flame spread and a small C/T ratio.
  • As described above, the present invention provides a cigarette, which permits a smoking behavior similar to that of an ordinary cigarette, also permits a burn rate substantially equal to that of an ordinary cigarette, further permits exhibiting a low flame spread, and is small in C/T ratio in the generated mainstream smoke. Also, since a special band and a special flame retardant substance are not used in the present invention, the cigarette of the present invention continues to produce a prescribed taste under ordinary smoking behavior.

Claims (10)

  1. A cigarette comprising a tobacco filler material rod and a cigarette paper wrapping the rod, wherein the cigarette paper has an inherent air permeability of more than 20 CORESTA units but 80 CORESTA units or less and contains a loading material in an amount of 1.6 to 3.3 g/m2, the loading material is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, the tobacco filler material comprises shredded tobacco having a width of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and the cigarette paper contains a burn adjusting agent in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
  2. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper has an inherent air permeability of more than 20 CORESTA units but 60 CORESTA units or less.
  3. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper has an inherent air permeability of 25 to 55 CORESTA units.
  4. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper has a basis weight of 17 to 28 g/m2.
  5. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper has a basis weight of 18 to 25 g/m2.
  6. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper has a basis weight of 18 to 22 g/m2.
  7. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the cigarette paper contains a burn adjusting agent in an amount of 0.1 to 0.6% by weight.
  8. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco filler material is loaded at a loading density of 130 to 260 mg/cm3.
  9. The cigarette according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco filler material is loaded at a loading density of 140 to 230 mg/cm3.
  10. The cigarette according to claim 1, which exhibits a low flame spread property such that, when left to stand on 10 superposed filter papers after static burn over a prescribed distance and measured according to ASTM E2187-02b method, a median value of a moving distance of a char line of the cigarette paper in an axial direction of the cigarette until the burn of the cigarette is stopped is not larger than 8 mm.
EP04727107.7A 2003-04-14 2004-04-13 Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread Expired - Lifetime EP1623636B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003108995 2003-04-14
PCT/JP2004/005254 WO2004091325A1 (en) 2003-04-14 2004-04-13 Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1623636A1 EP1623636A1 (en) 2006-02-08
EP1623636A4 EP1623636A4 (en) 2009-07-22
EP1623636B1 EP1623636B1 (en) 2011-11-09
EP1623636B2 true EP1623636B2 (en) 2015-10-14

Family

ID=33295905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04727107.7A Expired - Lifetime EP1623636B2 (en) 2003-04-14 2004-04-13 Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20060027243A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1623636B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4504921B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100714812B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100571550C (en)
AT (1) ATE532423T2 (en)
CA (1) CA2522289C (en)
DK (1) DK1623636T4 (en)
ES (1) ES2371914T5 (en)
HK (1) HK1090813A1 (en)
PT (1) PT1623636E (en)
RU (1) RU2304913C2 (en)
TW (1) TWI243652B (en)
UA (1) UA83365C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2004091325A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7677251B2 (en) * 2006-07-07 2010-03-16 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Apparatus and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
PT2158817E (en) * 2007-02-23 2013-02-01 Schweitzer Mauduit Int Inc A smoking article having reduced ignition proclivity characteristics
CN103418062B (en) 2007-03-30 2017-04-12 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 Device and method for delivery of a medicament
CA2693075C (en) * 2007-08-10 2014-07-29 Japan Tobacco Inc. Low ignition propensity cigarette paper
RU2423571C1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2011-07-10 Джапан Тобакко Инк. Cigarette filter (versions) and cigarette with filter
ES2638451T3 (en) * 2008-11-12 2017-10-20 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Cigarette wrapping paper with reduced ignition tendency
MY177136A (en) 2009-03-17 2020-09-08 Philip Morris Products Sa Tobacco-based nicotine aerosol generation system
NZ599060A (en) 2009-09-16 2014-10-31 Philip Morris Products Sa Improved device and method for delivery of a medicament
CN102821625B (en) 2010-03-26 2016-11-23 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 There is the smoking article of heat-resisting sheet material
DE102012106154B4 (en) * 2012-07-09 2014-06-12 Delfortgroup Ag Cigarette paper with improved air permeability, cigarette and method for producing a cigarette paper
KR102055800B1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2019-12-13 엘지이노텍 주식회사 Torque sensor
JP6333409B2 (en) * 2014-12-02 2018-05-30 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Cigarette paper and cigarettes using the cigarette paper
TWI703936B (en) 2015-03-27 2020-09-11 瑞士商菲利浦莫里斯製品股份有限公司 A paper wrapper for an electrically heated aerosol-generating article
US11388928B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2022-07-19 Philip Morris Products S.A. Smoking article with reduced sidestream smoke
EP3732999B1 (en) * 2017-12-26 2022-08-24 Japan Tobacco Inc. Filtered smoking article
RU2762895C1 (en) * 2018-07-02 2021-12-23 Джапан Тобакко Инк. Wrapping paper for a smoking product of a non-burning heated type, smoking product of a non-burning heated type, and electrically heated smoking system
GB201917917D0 (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-01-22 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Tobacco composition
KR102402062B1 (en) * 2020-01-03 2022-05-24 주식회사 케이티앤지 A smoking material wrapper with grain husk and a smoking article including the same, and manufacturing method of the smoking article

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0290911A2 (en) † 1987-05-15 1988-11-17 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
US4941486A (en) † 1986-02-10 1990-07-17 Dube Michael F Cigarette having sidestream aroma
EP0513984B1 (en) † 1991-04-12 2001-12-19 Philip Morris Products Inc. Smoking articles using novel paper wrapper

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6448316A (en) * 1987-08-19 1989-02-22 Asahi Chemical Ind Orientation type superconductive compound oxide material
EP0709037B1 (en) * 1994-10-31 2001-05-02 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. A tobacco filter material and a tobacco filter as produced using the same
DE19543263C2 (en) * 1995-11-20 2001-04-19 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Process and plant for the treatment of tobacco leaves for the production of cut tobacco
JP3357528B2 (en) * 1996-03-04 2002-12-16 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Manufacturing method of tobacco shred for filling cigarette
US5730840A (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-03-24 Schwietzer-Mauduit Inernational, Inc. Cigarette paper with improved ash characteristics
CA2378767C (en) * 1999-07-28 2013-04-30 Jay A. Fournier Smoking article wrapper with improved filler
US6298860B1 (en) * 1999-09-15 2001-10-09 Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. Process for improving the ash characteristics of a smoking article
AU2401801A (en) * 1999-12-27 2001-07-09 Japan Tobacco Inc. Wrapping paper for cigarette and cigarette
US6568403B2 (en) * 2000-06-22 2003-05-27 Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. Paper wrapper for reduction of cigarette burn rate
ES2376654T3 (en) * 2001-01-15 2012-03-15 Japan Tobacco Inc. CIGARETTE WITH LOW FIRE SPREAD CAPACITY.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4941486A (en) † 1986-02-10 1990-07-17 Dube Michael F Cigarette having sidestream aroma
EP0290911A2 (en) † 1987-05-15 1988-11-17 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Smoking article
EP0513984B1 (en) † 1991-04-12 2001-12-19 Philip Morris Products Inc. Smoking articles using novel paper wrapper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1623636T4 (en) 2015-11-16
UA83365C2 (en) 2008-07-10
CA2522289C (en) 2008-12-09
KR100714812B1 (en) 2007-05-04
CN1774184A (en) 2006-05-17
RU2005135130A (en) 2006-03-20
TW200517066A (en) 2005-06-01
JP4504921B2 (en) 2010-07-14
HK1090813A1 (en) 2007-01-05
ES2371914T3 (en) 2012-01-11
PT1623636E (en) 2012-01-02
US20060027243A1 (en) 2006-02-09
ES2371914T5 (en) 2015-11-06
TWI243652B (en) 2005-11-21
EP1623636A4 (en) 2009-07-22
ATE532423T2 (en) 2011-11-15
RU2304913C2 (en) 2007-08-27
EP1623636A1 (en) 2006-02-08
EP1623636B1 (en) 2011-11-09
WO2004091325A1 (en) 2004-10-28
DK1623636T3 (en) 2012-01-02
JPWO2004091325A1 (en) 2006-07-06
CA2522289A1 (en) 2004-10-28
KR20050121717A (en) 2005-12-27
CN100571550C (en) 2009-12-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1623636B2 (en) Cigarette of enhanced low fire spread
EP1352573B1 (en) Low fire spreading cigarette
EP2494876B1 (en) Wrappers for smoking articles having reduced diffusion leading to reduced ignition proclivity characteristics
EP1781124B1 (en) Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet
KR102173454B1 (en) Wrapper having reduced ignition proclivity characteristics
WO2005096850A1 (en) Process for making a bandcast tobacco sheet and smoking article therefrom
KR101382650B1 (en) Coating composition of low ignition propensity cigarette paper and cigarette using the same
EP1352574B1 (en) Cigarette
EP1493343B1 (en) Cigarette reduced in the amount of sub-stream smoke
US20080216852A1 (en) Banded cigarette paper with reduced ignition propensity
KR101534822B1 (en) Coating composition of low ignition propensity cigarette paper, low ignition propensity cigarette paper containing the same and cigarette containing the same
CN111031815B (en) Wrapping paper for smoking articles
EP4406427A1 (en) Cigarette filter comprising lyocell tow and manufacturing method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20051017

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20090624

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20091103

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: NOVAGRAAF INTERNATIONAL SA

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20111213

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2371914

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20120111

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602004035226

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120209

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20110402688

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20120117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120209

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PLAX Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: REEMTSMA CIGARETTENFABRIKEN GMBH

Effective date: 20120809

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R026

Ref document number: 602004035226

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120809

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120430

PLAF Information modified related to communication of a notice of opposition and request to file observations + time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCOBS2

PLBB Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition received

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040413

PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

27A Patent maintained in amended form

Effective date: 20151014

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R102

Ref document number: 602004035226

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AELC

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: DC2A

Ref document number: 2371914

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T5

Effective date: 20151106

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: RPEO

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T4

Effective date: 20151112

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20150402578

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20160219

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: UEP

Ref document number: 532423

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20151014

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20210423

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20210427

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20210422

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20210401

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20210409

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20210427

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20210409

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20210421

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20210621

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20210422

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20210421

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20210420

Year of fee payment: 18

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602004035226

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20220430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 532423

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220413

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20220413

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220414

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221013

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220501

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220430

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220430

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221103

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220430

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221107

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20230526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220414

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220413