EP1604731A1 - Mixing nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

Static mixing head dispensing fluid components into a mixing chamber (16), has axial symmetry and comprises at least two concentric conical walled segments (30a,b,c,d), each with an annular distribution channel (62a,b,c,d), feeding an extended vertical annular outlet (70a,b,c,d) formed between a pair of walls. Fuel components are run separately until being discharged at their respective outlets.

Description

The invention relates to a mixing head for supplying media to a Mixing room of a mixer.

Such mixing heads have the primary task in the supply of the Media in the mixing chamber the optimal mixture of components too to reach. This is the mixing heads known by mixing nozzles achieved, over which the media to be mixed are supplied

However, all these methods have the disadvantage that the structural design The mixing head is complex and therefore complex and costly Manufacturing and assembly techniques required.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a mixing head for Feeding the media to a mixing room as easy to produce train.

This object is achieved in a mixing head of the type described above According to the invention solved in that the mixing head of at least two is constructed coaxially to an axis interlocking segments, that the at least two segments at least one distribution channel with an associated elongated outlet for a flow of a first medium and at least one distribution channel with an associated elongated outlet area for a flow of a second medium bounding wall areas and that the elongated outlet area for the first medium and the elongated outlet area for the second medium coaxial with each other and formed circumferentially at least in an angular range of 360 ° about the axis are.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention is the fact that this one Convenient concept creates that the media over at least two or more elongated outlet areas are supplied, so that the entire Structure of the mixing head can be significantly simplified.

In particular, in the solution according to the invention is a transport of the media in the mixing room with little design effort feasible, the entering the distribution channel and flowing to the outlet areas Media still a cheap way to temper the segments and if necessary, open the media to be mixed.

In particular, the distribution channels can be used in the solution according to the invention in a simple way to run so that in these the media streams as subsonic or transonic or supersonic or hypersonic Media streams can be performed

Such a mixing head can be constructed in a particularly favorable manner by virtue of the fact that the segments extend in the direction of the axis and the distribution channels have wall areas bounded with the outlet areas and with these mesh with each other in the direction of the axis extending wall areas. This makes it possible to easily extend around the axis Outlet areas, in particular more than two such outlet areas to realize.

Furthermore, it is convenient to have enough space for either the distribution channels or to provide the outlet areas when the segments are transverse to the Axis extending and the distribution channels with the outlet areas have limiting wall areas.

Regarding the nature of the effect of the outlet areas on the flow of the exiting Medium, the most diverse possibilities are conceivable.

One possibility provides that the at least one outlet region the current of the first medium with a component towards the axis to exit leaves.

Another possibility provides that the at least one outlet area the Stream of the first medium with a component in the direction of the axis let go away.

Another possibility provides that the at least one outlet area the Stream of the first medium with a component in the direction of the axis emerge leaves.

In the same way it is provided that the at least one outlet area the Second medium flow with one component in the direction of the axis to let escape.

Another possibility provides that the at least one outlet area the Second medium flow with one component in the direction of the axis let go away.

Furthermore, a further embodiment provides that the at least one Auslaßbereich the flow of the second medium with a component in Leave direction of the axis.

A conceivable solution, which is particularly advantageous if not immediately following the outlet area following combustion, provides that the flow of the first medium and the flow of the second Medium without crossing each other, so that there is the possibility exists, the mixture only at the greatest possible distance from the outlet areas to enter, especially when chemically with each other Reactive media is important.

However, if an intensive mixing of the flow of the first medium and the flow of the second medium, it is advantageously provided that the flow of the first medium and the flow of the second Crossing each other medium, so that the two streams in at a small distance from the outlet areas.

With regard to the first medium and the second medium are the most diverse Possibilities conceivable.

Furthermore, with regard to the physical state in which the media exist be supplied, all possible options. For example, it is conceivable one of the media is liquid and the other is gaseous or both media are liquid or to supply both media in gaseous form, depending on how this is done for the Guiding the media in the mixing head and the combustion of the same in the Mixing room is the cheapest.

With regard to the guidance of the distribution channels in the mixing head are the most diverse Possibilities conceivable. For example, it is provided that the distribution channels closed around the axis are formed circumferentially and thus at one point of a distribution channel a supply of the respective medium can take place, which then circulates over the closed around the axis Distribute distribution channel particularly cheap.

Alternatively, it is provided that the distribution channels substantially to At least 360 ° are formed spirally around the axis circumferentially.

In the same way, the outlet regions can be formed. That's how it looks advantageous embodiment, that the outlet areas respectively closed around the axis are formed circumferentially.

Alternatively, it is conceivable that the outlet areas in each case by at least approximately 360 ° are formed spirally around the axis.

A particularly favorable solution provides that cross sections of the outlet areas by a mobility of at least parts of the segments relative are adjustable to each other.

Such mobility of the segments would be, for example, a relative rotation the same around the axis.

Another possibility of mobility of the segments for setting the Cross-sectional areas of the outlet areas is a movement of the segments relative to each other in the direction of the axis.

But it is also conceivable to combine both types of movements, to the outlet areas adjustable in terms of their cross section shape.

In addition, it is also conceivable, the segments at least in some areas form deformable, so that thereby also a setting the cross sections of the outlet areas is possible.

With regard to the axis, no further details have been provided so far. So provides an advantageous embodiment, that the axis is a central axis of the mixing head is.

It is further provided that the axis is a central axis of the mixing chamber.

It is particularly favorable if the axis has an axis of symmetry with the same Symmetry is for each of the outlet areas, so that from the various Outlet areas exiting streams of the first and second medium always occur in the same symmetry and in the same symmetry in the mixing space enter.

With regard to the design of the outlet areas are the most diverse Possibilities conceivable.

In the simplest case, the elongated outlet areas as elongated Slits be formed.

It is particularly favorable when the elongated outlet areas are replaced by a Variety of longitudinal webs arranged outlet openings are formed.

A particularly advantageous variant provides that the outlet through a media-pervious material region disposed along a path are formed.

Such a media-permeable material area can be defined by any type of form permeable material for the respective medium. The permeable Material range, for example, by a material area with fine Channels, a material area with pores or a material area with any Be formed kind of spaces between the particles.

With regard to the position of the outlet areas to the mixing room have been so far also no details given. This is an advantageous solution in that the outlet areas close to a mixing space delimiting Can lie flat surface.

It is particularly advantageous if the outlet areas in a mixing room limiting injector surface lie.

The mixing space limiting injector can in the simplest case a be flat surface. It is particularly favorable, however, if the mixing room limiting injector surface is a curved surface.

It is even more advantageous if the injector surface delimiting the mixing chamber is even more advantageous is a curved surface, especially one seen from the mixing room is concave curved surface.

But more complex structures are possible, so it is possible, for example, to design the injector surface as a surface having different regions, such as concave, convex, planar or cylindrical areas, which combined in each constellation to form the Injektorfläche can be.

In particular, in order to avoid transient conditions in the mixing room has it proved to be advantageous if the injector surface delimiting the mixing chamber is a dome-like curved surface. Such a calotte-like vaulted surface allows a particularly favorable conclusion of the Mixing chamber with which advantageously suppresses mixing chamber instabilities to let.

With regard to the formation of the distribution channel with the respectively associated Outlet area in connection with the segments have not been so far details provided.

Thus, an advantageous embodiment provides that the distribution channel with the associated outlet region by two successively arranged Segments is limited, that is not provided alone in a segment is, but through the composite successive Segments first formed in the mold.

Such a structure of the segments allows a particularly simple Manufacturability of the same.

It is particularly favorable if at least one of the segments is the distribution channel bounded on one side with one of its wall sections.

Furthermore, it is favorable if this is the closest to the at least one segment Segment the distribution channel with one of its wall areas limited.

A structurally particularly favorable design of the distribution channel provides that the distribution channel is formed in a wall region of one of the segments.

Also with regard to the design of the outlet areas, it is advantageous if at least one of the segments the outlet area on one side with a limited to its wall areas.

Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous in this solution, if the at least one segment next segment with the outlet limited to one of its wall areas.

With regard to the design of the segments themselves have so far no closer Information provided.

Thus, a particularly favorable embodiment provides that each segment comprises a jacket body and that the segments at least with partial sections their mantle body in the direction of the axis interlock.

Such a design of the segments allows a particularly simple and cost-effective production and thus a particularly simple and cost-effective design of the mixing head with a particularly simple management of Media to the outlet areas.

In principle, it would be conceivable that the jacket body does not extend to the injector surface extend and thus the outlet areas at a distance from the Injector lie, so that even before reaching the Injektorfläche a Mixing of the media takes place. This would be for example possible that between the outlet areas and the Injektorfläche still one Layer of a porous material is provided, which prevents the Mixture and / or a chemical reaction of the media to the outlet areas reacts.

A structurally particularly favorable solution, however, provides that the jacket body extend to an injector surface of the mixing head.

In particular, it is provided that the jacket body the distribution channel and form the outlet areas limiting wall surfaces.

The structure of the jacket body depends in particular on the course the outlet areas. So it is particularly advantageous if the sheath body as closed around the axis encircling body are formed.

Such about the axis rotating body can have any cross-sectional shapes exhibit. For example, polygonal, ellipsoidal, star-shaped or all other body shapes that are closed around an axis conceivable.

A particularly simple form provides that the jacket body to the axis have conically circumferential sections.

A further advantageous solution provides that the jacket body cylindrical have the axis extending portions, wherein such cylindrical to Axis extending sections not necessarily in cross-section circular cylindrical must be formed, but also elliptical, star-shaped or similar May have cross-sectional shapes.

Another favorable possibility provides that the sheath body spiral to the axis.

It is particularly favorable in all such, running around an axis Solutions that in a simple manner arranged coaxially to the axis another injector, for example, for a catalyst or a further mixture component can be integrated, since this space can be kept free of charge.

With regard to the design of the segments themselves have so far no closer Information provided.

For example, a mixing head according to the invention can be built up by that the segments are formed differently.

However, it is particularly advantageous in terms of design and production if the Segments are made of identical starting bodies, so that starting from the identical starting bodies this to the mixing head can be assembled.

Such a preparation of the mixing head of identical starting bodies depending on the design of the injector surface, no processing is required for the segments or a processing of the starting body, the processing of the Starting body can be done either before assembling the same or after assembly.

It has an editing of the segments after assembling the identical Starting body the advantage that in a particularly simple manner the Injektorflächen can be produced with the desired precision.

Furthermore, in connection with the previous explanation of the individual embodiments no closer information about the seal of the Segments made relative to each other.

Thus, a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that one for the respective medium dense connection between the segments in one of the outlet region remote sealing region of the segments takes place. This is the possibility created in a particularly simple manner, the Sealing the segments in a thermal and during operation of the mixer Do not mechanically or only slightly loaded area of the segments run to be able to.

It is particularly advantageous if the sealing area on the segments in a portion of the segments approximately opposite the outlet area is arranged.

Furthermore, in connection with the previously described embodiments in terms of the tight connection of the segments with each other no details given. This is an advantageous embodiment that the connection of the segments in the sealing area by joining he follows.

Another alternative but advantageous solution provides that the connection the segments in the sealing area by a sealing element for the respective Medium is dense.

Furthermore, the segments are in vorteihafter way than for the respective Medium dense structure formed, which extends from the Abdichtbereich up extends to the outlet, so that only by sealing the Segments relative to each other in the sealing the desired guidance of respective media from the respective distribution channel in the outlet area takes place without further seals are necessary.

In addition, in connection with the embodiments described so far nothing about a mechanical fixation of the segments stated relative to each other.

An advantageous embodiment of a solution according to the invention sees Therefore, before that a mechanical fixation of the segments relative to each other in a fixation region remote from the outlet region Segments takes place.

The fixation region is preferably in an outlet region arranged approximately opposite part of the segments.

This also makes it possible to fix the segments relatively to each other in a thermally and mechanically slightly loaded part thereof execute, so that thereby also the execution of the connection technology can be simplified.

It is particularly favorable when the fixation area and the sealing area essentially coincide.

In addition, it is preferably still provided that a supply of the respective medium in a supply area remote from the outlet area the distribution channel takes place.

Conveniently, the supply area is close to the sealing area and / or fixing area, so that the possibility exists, the sealing area and / or the fixation area and in particular the entire Segments through the supplied medium in one for the functionality keep the same suitable temperature range, in particular to cool.

Furthermore, in connection with the previous explanation of the individual Embodiments no further details for unambiguous definition the flow that is necessary to stable mixing ratios too receive.

For this reason, in a particularly advantageous embodiment provided that between the distribution channel and the outlet Flow setting element is arranged.

On the one hand, such a flow-determining element distributes the flow substantially uniform over the entire outlet area and otherwise can be with such a flow-determining element and by the flow discharged mass flow at a fixed pressure in the distribution channel define and thus can be with such a flow-determining element also the relative mass flows of the media to each other Define specified pressure in the respective distribution channel.

A particularly simple form of such a flow-determining element provides that this as a flow cross section for the flow of respective medium reducing element.

In the simplest case, such a flow-determining element is designed such that that it has leading channels to the outlet.

Alternatively, it is conceivable that such a flow-determining element has a flow-permeable structure in the direction of the outlet. This structure may for example be porous or made of a material with between particles provided channels or spaces.

Furthermore, when using such a flow-setting element expediently provided that the flow-determining element a Determines flow direction of the current of the respective medium.

That is, in this case, the flow setting member not only serves to set the mass flow itself and as even as possible Set mass flow over the entire outlet, but also still to define the flow direction of the respective medium.

With regard to the arrangement of the flow setting elements have been so far no details provided. Such are particularly efficient Flow setting elements, if this between two consecutive Sheath bodies are arranged and thus between them Sheaths flowing medium.

In order to determine the flow conditions in the mixing room as effectively as possible to obtain, it is expediently provided that the flow setting elements extend to the injector surface.

With regard to the structure of such a flow-determining element So far no details have been given. So looks a beneficial Solution that the flow setting elements of a for the respective medium permeable material are made.

Such, for the respective medium permeable material, for example a porous material or fine channels or spaces between particles having material.

Alternatively, it is provided that the flow setting elements Have breakthroughs.

Such breakthroughs can be found in the flow setting elements be provided channels or holes.

In this case, for example, in this case, the flow setting elements itself either from a massive body or even from a porous one Body be formed.

With regard to the fixation of the flow setting elements were in Connection with the previous embodiments also no details provided. Thus, an advantageous solution that the respective flow-determining element at least on one of the jacket body supported.

It is particularly favorable, however, if the respective flow-determining element on opposite sides, each one at this one supporting adjacent jacket body.

It is also used to control a mass flow of the respective medium conceivable to form the flow setting element as an elastic element, wherein the flow cross section for the respective medium Deformation of the flow setting element is adjustable.

In connection with the previous explanation of the individual embodiments has heretofore been with the flow setting element thereof assumed that this at any point with medium under the same pressure is fed.

However, the distribution channel is relatively long and in terms of its cross-section limited, so over the length of the distribution channel, a pressure drop can occur.

For this reason, it is advantageously provided that between the distribution channel and the flow setting element, a flow distribution element is provided, which is capable over the length of the distribution channel compensate occurring pressure drop and thus the flow setting element the respective medium with an over its extent in to provide substantial constant pressure.

Such a flow-determining element can also be a solid body with holes or channels, which in terms of their cross-section are adaptable to the pressure conditions that it is to balance.

Alternatively, it is also conceivable, such a flow-determining element made of a porous material, wherein for compensating a pressure gradient is preferably provided a pore gradient can be.

Regarding the material for the training of the segments have been so far no details provided. So provides an advantageous solution that the segments in their adjacent to the outlet portions sections a machinable material.

Such a structure of the segments creates the possibility of the shape of the Injector surface each determined by machining and Thus, the shape of the injector to the conditions of the combustion chamber and to adjust the type of combustion in the mixing room. This can be done in particular be easily influenced on flow instabilities influence.

In particular, in this solution, the possibility of the injector so to make and influence the mixing room so, the combustion instabilities or so-called Totwasserräume reduced or even can be avoided.

Furthermore, it is also expedient, although the flow setting elements are made of a machinable material, so that the Unit of the segments and the flow setting elements as Whole workable and thus also the entire Injektorfläche through Machining can be easily formed.

It is favorable in this case if the machinable material with the Surface created during processing limits the mixing space, so that no further processing is necessary.

A machinable material can be made from a wide variety of materials Be made of materials. Such materials may be ceramic materials, Metals, foamed materials or mixed materials.

Especially useful for use in a mixing head is when the machinable material is a carbon or oxide fiber composite because carbon or oxide fiber composites are lightweight exhibit, are temperature resistant and can be easily edited.

In the context of the previous explanation of the individual embodiments was not closer to the arrangement of the mixing chamber relative to the mixing head received.

Thus, the mixing chamber can be completely outside the mixing head.

However, it is favorable in one embodiment, when the mixing space at least partially extends into the mixing head.

This can be realized particularly expediently when the mixing chamber extends into a recess formed in the mixing head.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following Description and the drawings of some embodiments.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 2

eine Darstellung von Ausgangskörpern für in dem erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopf gemäß Fig. 1 eingesetzte Segmente mit Strömungsfestlegungselementen zwischen diesen Segmenten;

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 1 der in Fig. 2 dargestellten zusammengesetzten und mechanisch zur Bildung einer Injektorfläche bearbeiteten Segmente längs Linie 3-3 in Fig. 4;

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeils X in Fig. 4;

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt ähnlich Fig. 1 durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt längs Linie 6-6 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine schematische Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 9

eine schematische Darstellung eines fünften Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 10

eine schematische Darstellung eines sechsten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 11

eine schematische Darstellung eines siebten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 12

eine schematische Darstellung eines achten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 13

eine schematische Darstellung eines neunten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 14

eine schematische Darstellung eines zehnten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 15

eine ausschnittsweise Darstellung eines Strömungsfestlegungselements bei einem elften Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 16

eine schematische Darstellung eines Strömungsfestlegungselements bei einem zwölften Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 17

eine schematische Darstellung eines Strömungsfestlegungselements bei einem dreizehnten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 18

eine ausschnittsweise Darstellung zweier Segmente mit integriertem Strömungsfestlegungselement bei einem vierzehnten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 19

eine schematische Darstellung eines Strömungsfestlegungselements bei einem fünfzehnten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 20

eine schematische Darstellung eines Strömungsfestlegungselements bei einem sechzehnten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 21

eine schematische Darstellung zweier Segmente eines siebzehnten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 22

eine schematische Darstellung eines achtzehnten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 23

eine schematische Darstellung zweier Segmente eines neunzehnten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes;

Fig. 24

eine schematische Darstellung eines zwanzigsten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes und

Fig. 25

eine perspektivische schematische Darstellung eines einundzwanzigsten Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Mischkopfes.

In the drawing show:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a representation of starting bodies for used in the mixing head according to the invention of Figure 1 segments with flow setting elements between these segments.

Fig. 3

a representation similar to Figure 1 of the illustrated in Figure 2 and machined mechanically to form an injector surface segments along line 3-3 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

a plan view in the direction of the arrow X in Fig. 4;

Fig. 5

a section similar to Figure 1 through a second embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention.

Fig. 6

a section along line 6-6 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a schematic representation of a fourth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 9

a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 10

a schematic representation of a sixth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 11

a schematic representation of a seventh embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 12

a schematic representation of an eighth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 13

a schematic representation of a ninth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 14

a schematic representation of a tenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 15

a fragmentary view of a flow-determining element in an eleventh embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 16

a schematic representation of a flow setting element in a twelfth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 17

a schematic representation of a flow setting element in a thirteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 18

a partial view of two segments with integrated flow-determining element in a fourteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 19

a schematic representation of a flow-determining element in a fifteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 20

a schematic representation of a flow-determining element in a sixteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 21

a schematic representation of two segments of a seventeenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 22

a schematic representation of an eighteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 23

a schematic representation of two segments of a nineteenth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention;

Fig. 24

a schematic representation of a twentieth embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention and

Fig. 25

a perspective schematic representation of a twenty first embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention.

A first, in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment of an inventive, as a whole with 10 designated mixing head is on a mixing chamber housing 12 attached, and forms with an injector 14 a conclusion a mixing chamber 16, so that from the injector 14 escaping media mix in the mixing chamber 16 and in a direction 18 to a graphically not shown outlet of the mixing chamber 16 out spread.

For this purpose, the mixing chamber housing 12, for example, a mixing head 10th facing end opening 20, to which in the one on the Opening 20 having end portion 22 of the mixing chamber housing 12 placed Mixing head 10 a reaching into the mixing head 10 and at least a portion of the mixing chamber 16 receiving recess 24 with the dome-like in the mixing head 10 hineinerstreckenden injector 14th connects, so that in total the mixing chamber 16 both in the mixing chamber housing 12 as well as in the mixing head 10 extends into it. It is also possible, the recess 24 in such a way that this the entire mixing space 16 receives and the mixing chamber housing 12 has only the outlet. In another variant, in extreme cases, even the outlet of Mixing head 10 may be included.

The mixing head 10 is formed of, for example, four segments 30a, 30b, 30c and 30d and a closure body 32, which by a holding device 34 are held together.

The segments 30a to 30d and the closure body 32 are coaxial with one another Center axis 36 and engage in the direction of the central axis 36 into each other.

As shown in Fig. 2, while the segments 30a to 30d are identical Formed starting bodies and comprise an outer ring body 40 with a cylindrical to the central axis 36 extending outer ring 42 and a transverse to the central axis 36 extending annular bottom 44, which in a starting from the ring bottom 44 in the direction of the central axis 36 extending Sheath body 46 merges with a conical portion 47 of an integrally formed on the ring bottom 44 foot area 48 with increasing Extension extends in the direction of the central axis 36 and thereby tapers. The jacket body 46 lies on a side facing away from the outer ring 42 Side of the ring bottom 44 and extends away from it to the extension of the outer ring 42.

The jacket body 46 comprises an inner surface facing the central axis 36 50 and one of the central axis 36 facing away from outer surface 52, wherein the Inner surface 50 and the outer surface 52 preferably parallel to each other and tapered to the central axis 36.

Each of the segments 30a to 30d is identical and coaxial with Center axis 36 is arranged. For this reason, the segments 30a to 30d are joined together in such a way that the various jacket bodies 46a to 46d mesh with the inner surface 50a of the shell body 46a the segment 30a of the outer surface 52b of the sheath body 46b of the next Segments 30b and so on. Further, the segments 30a to 30d such composable that on a side facing away from the shell body 46 End face 54 of the respective ring body 40, for example on the End face 54a, each of the nearest ring body 40, for example, the Ring body 40b, with its underside 56, for example, the bottom 56b, is seated and tightly connected to the end face 54, so that a Sealing portion 55 of the segments 30 is formed.

Such a tight connection in the area of the end faces 54 and the undersides 56 can be by inserting a seal or attaching Gasket material reach, provided the segments 30 releasably with each other should be connected.

Alternatively, a tight connection in the sealing area 55 can also be used the mechanically fixed connection of the segments 30 in a fixation area 57, which simultaneously represents the sealing area 55, combine if a joining, that is, for example, a welding, soldering or gluing the segments 30 in the region of the end faces 54 and the lower sides 56th he follows.

This results in that the shell body 46 of this next segment, for example, of the segment 30b, but parallel at a distance from the jacket body 46 of the preceding segment, for example the segment 30a, extends, so that between the two shell bodies 46a, 46b, a gap remains, as shown in Fig. 3 again exemplified.

For better fixation of the segments 30a to 30d relative to each other, each the segments 30a to 30d with a step 58, for example the step 58b, provided, which at the onset of this segment 30, for example the Segment 30b, in the previous segment 30, for example the Segment 30a, the outer ring 42 in the region of its inside, for example the inside 60a, engages behind and thus to a positive centering the segments 30 leads relative to each other.

Each of the annular body 40 is limited to the outer ring 42 and the ring bottom 44 a distribution channel 62, which in a direction perpendicular to the central axis 36 Level 64 lying closed and which circulates a feed area 65, which via a supply port 66, a medium or Oxidator can be supplied. In each of the segments 30a to 30d is the distribution channel 62 open on a side facing away from the jacket body 46 and is at two successive segments 30 through the annular bottom 44 of the next Segments 30 on one's own ring bottom 44 opposite Side closed. Further, the distribution channel 62 is on its radial to the central axis 36 extending outside through the outer ring 42nd enclosed and bounded and on its inside by the shell body 46, for example, the sheath body 46b of the next segment limited.

Thus, a supplied via the supply port 66 in the medium Distribute distribution channel 62 around the central axis 36 circumferentially, from the Distribution channel 62, however, only escape through a gap 74, through it guided between the inner surface 50 of the respective to the segment 30, for example, the segment 30a belonging sheath body 46, for example of the sheath body 46a, and the outer surface 52 of the sheath body 46, for example, the sheath body 46b, the next segment 30, for example of the segment 30b, with a component in the direction of the central axis 36 of the mixing chamber 16 flows, in which case, as shown in Fig. 1, the medium from an outlet region 70 in the form of a stream 72, in Direction of the central axis 36 flows into the mixing chamber 16 flows.

The outlet region 70 preferably extends closed around circumferentially about the central axis 36 and lies in the injector 14, which delimits the mixing chamber 16 so that a central axis 36 enclosing Power 72 is created.

For a uniform escape of the respective medium around the central axis 36 is in the space 74 between the inner surface 50, for example, the inner surface 50 a of the one segment 30 and the Outside surface 52, for example, the outer surface 52b, the next Segments 30 a flow setting element 80 is inserted, which is from the gap 74 delimiting inner surface 50 to this Gap 74 also delimiting outer surface 52 extends and out porous material or made of dense material with Duchlaßkanälen, that, as shown in Fig. 2, when assembling the segments 30 a to 30d between two consecutive sheath bodies 46, for example the sheath bodies 46a and 46b are used. Thus, over the Flow setting element 80 is still a mechanical support of Sheath body 46 relative to each other near the outlet regions 70th

The flow setting member 80 is formed so that it respectively on the inside 30 and the outside surface 52 of the successive ones Sheath body 46 abuts and arranged so that an end face 82 thereof in the outlet and thus also in the Injektorfläche 14, wherein in training the flow-determining element 80 of a porous material in the end face 82 are pores, from which then the respective medium in shape of the stream 72 exits.

The end face 82 of the flow-determining element 80 thus extends around the central axis 36 around and lies substantially completely in the Injector surface 14, wherein on both sides of the end face 82 of the flow-determining element 80 end faces 84, for example, the end faces 84 a of first segment 30a and 84b of the second segment 30b also in the Injector 14 and thus limit the end faces 84a and 84b of Sheath body 46a and 46b of the segments 30a and 30b, the outlet region 70th on both sides.

Thus, by the end faces 84 of the jacket body 46 together with the between these lying end face 82 of the respective flow setting element the course of the injector 14 set.

The flow-setting element 80 located in the intermediate space 74 has doing the task that the distribution channel 62 around the central axis 36 distributing medium with a predetermined mass flow around the Leave center axis 36 to emerge, so that substantially in each section the outlet region 70 associated with this distribution channel 62 is approximately the same predetermined mass flow of the respective medium in the distribution channel 62 emerges, so that a total of each of the outlet areas 70 around the Central axis 36 approximately identical and with respect to the entrained mass per Time unit determinable flows 72 in the direction of the central axis 36 out escape.

The flow setting member 80 thus provides a ring in this case the central axis 36 extending throttling of the available Flow cross section is.

If, for example, a medium is introduced into the distribution channel 62, then so the current exiting the outlet area 70a represents a current 72a, its mass flow through the porosity or permeability of the flow setting element 80 is set.

Will in the next segment 30b the distribution channel 62b the other Supplied medium, so exits from the outlet portion 70b of the stream 72b, which is directed approximately in the same direction as the stream 72a.

The two currents, namely the current 72a and the current 72b, thus occur side by side from the injector 14, mix and mix in the Mixing room 16.

In the same way can the distribution channel 62 c, the one medium and the Distributing channel 62 d supply the other medium, so that from the outlet areas 70c and 70d also a stream 72c and a stream 72d emerge, and mix in the mixing chamber 16 with each other.

Since the outlet regions 70a, 70b, 70c and 70d are located around the central axis 36 The currents 72a and 72c and the currents 72b and 72d extend around it also around the central axis 36 circumferentially from the injector 14 from and all mix together, so that in the mixing chamber16 the mixing can be done.

Furthermore, advantageously, the segments 30a to 30d will flow through them Media tempered, depending on the medium used Reheating or cooling of the segments 30a to 30d done by the media can.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the construction of the mixing head 10 takes place Nesting identical trained segments 30a to 30d with the between these lying flow setting elements 80a to 80d and subsequent shaping processing the same, for example by a machining operation, which causes the Sheath body 46a to 46d and the flow setting elements 80a to 80d eroded different degrees in the region of their end faces 84 and 82 be, so that in total then the recess 24 with the for the Injektorfläche 14 and optionally located in the mixing head 10 part of the mixing chamber 16 desired shape can be generated. Preferably takes place before shaping processing of the shell body 46a to 46d and the flow setting elements 80a to 80d a fixed fixation of the flow setting elements 80a to 80d on the shell bodies 46a to 46d and a Fixing the segments 30a to 30d relative to each other, for example by connecting them together in the region of the outer rings 42, preferably the end faces 54 and the bottoms 56 of the outer rings 42.

Leave the segments 30a to 30d connected to each other then put on a flange 92 of the mixing chamber housing 12, and although with the bottom 56a of the outer ring 42a and by the holding device 34, which acts on a closure plate 94 of the closure body 32 and in the mixing chamber housing 12 screwed clamping screws 96 includes, which clamp the mixing head 10 against the mixing chamber housing 12.

The end plate 94 is located on the end face 54d of the outer ring 42d and covers its distribution channel 62d on a ring bottom 44d opposite Page. Furthermore, the closure body 32 is also still limited an outer surface 98 of its conical portion 100, the distribution channel 62 d and is with this also on the flow-determining element 80d, so that this between the outer surface 98 of the conical portion 100 of End body 32 and the inner surface 50d of the sheath body 46d is located.

The closure body 32 extends with its conical portion 100 further to the injector 14 and forms with an end face 102 a inner area of the injector 14. Further, the closure body 32 is still provided with a central aperture 104 through which an injector 106 in this can be inserted to the injector 14 to the streams 72a and 72c exiting the injector surface 14 and streams 72b and 72d in the mixing chamber 16 still with a catalyst or another To displace the mixture component.

In the first embodiment, the segments 30a to 30d and also the closure body 32 preferably made of a temperature-resistant material, for example, metal or ceramic or a material containing fibers manufactured, however, for the respective media substantially gas-tight is trained.

The production of a temperature-resistant fibers, for example carbon fibers, comprehensive material for the segments 30 and the closure body 32 is, for example, in the Research Report 2001-17 Deutsches Zentrum Aerospace e.V., entitled "Fiber Ceramics for Hot Structures of reentry vehicles simulation, test and comparison with experimental flight data ", author: Hermann Hald, Institute for Structural and Design Research, ISSN 1434-8454.

Depending on the type of fuel and oxidizer used is provided that the sheath body 46 of the segments 30 heat exchange and thus a Heat balance between in the adjacent spaces 74th guided media or heat exchange between the in prevent neighboring spaces from being kept in the media.

Further, the material for making the segments 30 and the closure body 32 preferably also a thermal expansion neutral material at thermal gradients and thermal cycling the geometric relationships and the tightness between the individual parts to be able to maintain.

In addition, the flow setting elements 80a to 80d are also made a temperature-resistant media-permeable, for example, porous material produced.

The porous materials are preferably at least with the materials of Segments 30 heat expansion compatible, so that no thermal Problems with temperature gradients or thermal cycling occur.

In particular, the materials used are braids or felts of fiber materials, Metal oxides, foamed materials or ceramics, such as sintered ceramics or sintered metals, suitable.

It is particularly favorable, a carbon fibers and carbon containing use porous material or similarly structured oxidic materials.

Such suitable materials are fiber ceramics of C / C, C / SiC, SiC / SiC or Al ₂ O ₃

The production of such a material with a defined porosity is, for example in the research area 2000-04, German Center for Air- and Space e.V. (DLR), entitled "Development of a cost-effective Method of making ceramic composite components ", Author Dipl.-Ing. Walter Krenkel, Institute of Building Design and Construction Design Research, Department of Ceramic Composite Structures, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, D-70569 Stuttgart, ISSN 1434-8454.

In a second embodiment of a mixing head 10 ₂ according to the invention, shown in Figs. 5 and 6, those elements which are identical to those of the first embodiment, but with the same reference numerals are provided with index 2, so that with respect to the description of these elements in full Embodiments of the first embodiment can be made reference.

In contrast to the first embodiment, the segments 30a ₂ to 30f _{2 are} not formed identically, but have a different shape, but each of these segments 30a ₂ to 30f _{2 has} a ring body 40 ₂ , from which starting the shell body 46 ₂ with the conical section 47 ₂ extends in the direction of the central axis 36. ₂

In contrast to the first embodiment 47 ₂ include conical portions a of the sheath body 46 ₂ with the respective ring floors 44 ₂ of segment 30 different to segment 30 angle, the angle between the two until the segment 30f ₂ are progressively smaller starting from the segment 30a. ₂

Thus, in the assembled state of the segments 30 _2, the conical sections 47 _{2 of} the jacket bodies 46 ₂ do not run parallel to one another, but at least partially antiparallel to each other.

At this different angle then the flow setting elements 80 _{2 are} adapted, each in the same manner as in the first embodiment between the conical sections 47 _{2 of} the shell body 46 _{2 2} successive segments 30 ₂ lie.

In contrast to the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the ring body 40 _{2 are formed} such that they not only the ring bottom 44 ₂ and the outer ring 42 ₂ , but a ring bottom 44 ₂ opposite and integrally formed on the outer ring 42 ₂ annular flange 114, on then the next following ring body 42 ₂ rests.

In the second embodiment, the distribution channels are thus 62 ₂ is not the next succeeding annular body 40 ₂ and the next following casing body 46 ₂ to open, but only in the direction of the next casing body 46 _2, which cooperates with the casing body 46 ₂ of the respective segment 30 ₂ to Interspace 74 ₂ to form, through which the one medium or the other medium in the direction of the respective outlet region 70 ₂ flow.

Further, in this embodiment, between the distribution channel 62 ₂ and the respective flow setting element 80 ₂ additionally a flow distributor 116 is provided, which serves to optimize the distribution of the distribution channel 62 ₂ supplied medium via this distribution channel 62 ₂ , to a substantially uniform distribution of the medium to reach around the central axis 36 before the medium enters the flow setting element 80 ₂ . In particular, the flow distributor 116 also serves to pre-flow set before the flow setting element.

Furthermore, the sealing body 32 is formed to ₂ in the second embodiment that this the last segment 30f ₂ also overlaps with the integrally formed closure plate 94 rests on its annular flange ₂ and 114f.

In a modification of the first embodiment, the holding means 34 ₂ in the second embodiment an outer shell 118 and a held on the outer casing 118 lower support ring 120 on which the first segment 30a ₂ rests with the annular bottom 44a _2, wherein the outer casing 118 to the support ring by a clamping connection 122 is connected tensile strength. On a side opposite the support ring 120 a pressure ring 124 of the holding device 34 _{2 is} provided, with which the closure body 32 is acted upon, which in turn acts on the annular flange 114f of the last segment 30f ₂ . Also, the pressure ring 124 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 118 by a clamping connection 126.

In the second embodiment, the possibility exists in the mixing head 10 ₂ through the outer shell 118 and the support ring 120 and the pressure ring 124, the segments 30a ₂ to 30f ₂ and the closure body 32 ₂ to brace each other and thus in particular the segments 30 ₂ releasably optionally stacked against each other with stacked seals between them.

In a third embodiment of a mixing head 10 ₃ of the invention, only schematized shown in Fig. 7, the segments 30a ₃ and 30b ₃ and the closure body 32 _{3 is} arranged so that from the discharge zones 70a ₃ and 70b ₃ exiting streams 72a ₃ and 72b ₃ in the direction of the central axis 36 are directed away and thus spread in the direction of an outer wall 130 of the mixing chamber 16, so that the mixing of the media takes place near the outer wall 130 of the mixing chamber 16.

In all the following embodiments, those elements are those with identical to the preceding embodiments, with the same Reference numerals provided and additionally carry a the embodiment corresponding index with respect to the description of these elements fully incorporated by reference to the preceding embodiments becomes.

In the third embodiment, the segments 30a ₃ and 30b _{3 are formed} only by the conical portions 47a ₃ and 47b _{3 of} the sheath bodies 46a ₃ and 46b ₃ . The associated annular body 40 are not shown here, since only the illustration of the supply of media to the mixing chamber to be displayed. The annular body 40 are formed, for example, similar to the first embodiment and close to the foot portions 48 at.

A fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 8 is based on the concept of the third embodiment, wherein the segments 30a ₄ and 30b _{4 have} not only the conical portions 47a ₄ and 47b _{4 of} the sheath bodies 46a ₄ and 46b ₄ , but subsequent thereto extending cylindrical portions 136a and 136b of the sheath bodies 46a ₄ and 46b ₄ . In addition, the closure body 32 ₄ adjacent to the conical portion 100 ₄ and a cylindrical portion 140, wherein the conical portion 100 in the region of the conical portion 47 b _{4 of} the shell body 30 b _{4 is} arranged and the cylindrical portion 140 in the region of the cylindrical portions 136 a and 136b.

Also in the fourth embodiment, the streams 72 a ₄ and 72 b _{4 are directed} away from the central axis 36 in the direction of the outer wall 130 of the mixing space 16.

In the fourth embodiment, moreover, the segments 30a ₄ and 30b ₄ are interconnected in the region of their cylindrical portions 136a and 136b. In this case, the cylindrical portions at their outlet ends 70a ₄ and 70b ₄ opposite ends 138a and 138b end flanges 139a and 139b, wherein the end flange 139a is connected at the end 138a of the cylindrical portion 136a by a mating connection with the cylindrical portion 136b, while the end flange 139b of the cylindrical portion 136b is also connected by a joining connection with the cylindrical portion 140 of the closure body 32 ₄ via a joining device.

Furthermore, the segments 30a ₄ and 30b _{4 are} connected via the holding device 34 ₄ with the closure body 32 ₄ , wherein the holding means 34 _4, for example, on the segment 30a ₄ engages and on the closure body 32 ₄ and the segment 30b ₄ on the one hand via the end flange 139 against the segment 30a ₄ is fixed, and is fixed on the end flange 139b at the terminal body 32. ₄

In a fifth embodiment, illustrated in Fig. 9 of the sheath body comprises 46 ₅ in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment, the conical portion 47a ₅ and the cylindrical portion 140a _5, wherein the cylindrical portion 140a ₅ leads to the outlet portion 70a ₅ and limited these. Further, the sheath body 46b _{5 is provided} with the cylindrical portion 140b ₅ and a conical portion 47b ₅ , wherein also the cylindrical portion 140b ₅ to the outlet portion 70b ₅ leads.

Thus, out of the outlet regions 70a ₅ and 70b, ₅ flows 72a ₅ and 72b ₅ , which are directed approximately parallel to the central axis 36.

In a sixth embodiment, shown in Fig. 10 find different trained segments 30 use.

Thus, the segments 30a ₆ and 30b ₆ are formed to generate streams 72a ₆ and 72b ₆ which flow toward the central axis 36, while further segments 30d ₆ and 30e ₆ are designed in principle to provide streams 72d ₆ and 72e ₆ directed away from the central axis 36 so that the currents 72a ₆ and 72b ₆ as well as the currents 72d ₆ and 72e ₆ intersect. As a result, an improved mixing of the emerging media is achievable if, for example, the streams 72a ₆ and 72b ₆ carry one medium and the streams 72d _e and 72e ₆ the other medium.

Was in the sixth embodiment, the segments 30d _6, 30e ₆ and the sealing body 32 ₆ in the same manner are connected to each other, as for example in connection with the fourth embodiment of FIG. 8 illustrates, while the segments 30a ₆ 30b ₆ and 30c ₆ are connected together in a manner which, for example, corresponds to the manner set forth in connection with the first embodiment.

In a seventh exemplary embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 11, it is likewise possible to generate intersecting streams of media, namely on the one hand the streams 72a ₇ and 72b ₇ and on the other hand 72c ₇ and 72d ₇ .

In this embodiment, it is conceivable that the streams 72a ₇ and 72b ₇ carry one medium and the streams 72c ₇ and 72d ₇ carry the other medium.

Further, lie in this embodiment, the outlet portions 70a ₇ and which convex 70b ₇ on a portion 14a ₇ of the injector face 14 _7, while the outlet portions 70c ₇ and 70d ₇ lie on a portion 14 b ₇ of the injector face 14 _7, which is concave so that in this case the injector surface 14 _{7 is} a total of one of a convex portion 14 a ₇ and a concave portion 14 b ₇ composed injector.

Moreover, with regard to the further features of the comments on sixth embodiment and the preceding embodiments directed.

In an eighth embodiment, illustrated in Fig. 12, the segments 30a _8, provided with disc-shaped portions 142a, 142b and 142c 30b ₈ and 30c _8, which outlet portions comprise 70a ₈ and 70b _8, with respect to 36 ₈ directed to the central axis radially outwardly are so that also the exiting streams 72a ₈ and 72b ₈ spread substantially in the radial direction transverse to the central axis 36 ₈ .

At the disc-shaped portions 142 are still formed in the segments 30a ₈ to 30b ₈ still cylindrical portions 140a ₈ , 140b ₈ and 140c ₈ , which extend in the direction of the central axis 36 ₈ and in which the distribution channels 62 ₈ lie.

The eighth embodiment corresponds to the arrangement of the cylindrical portions 140a ₈ , 140b ₈ and 140c _{8 in} principle the fourth embodiment of FIG. 8, but with the difference that take the place of the conical portions 47, the disc-shaped portions 142 and thus the exiting flows 72a ₈ and 72b ₈ are substantially radial to the central axis 36 ₈ .

Incidentally, the cylindrical portions 140 a ₈ to 140 c ₈ are connected to each other in the same manner, as has been explained for example in connection with the fourth embodiment.

A ninth embodiment, shown in Fig. 13, based on the basic principle in the fourth embodiment, with the difference that now the exiting streams 72 _{9 have} an angle with the central axis 36 ₉ , which is smaller than 90 ° (Fig. 13) ,

Further, the cylindrical portions 140a ₉ and 140b ₉ are connected to each other in a similar manner as explained in connection with the fourth embodiment.

In a tenth embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 14, the segments 30a ₁₀ and 30b, _10, only the cylindrical portions 140a ₁₀ and 140b _10, and to these molded ring body 40a ₁₀ and 40b _10, in which the distributing channels 62a ₁₀ and 62b ₁₀ lie.

The segments 30a ₁₀ and 30b ₁₀ serve to generate streams 72a ₁₀ and 72b ₁₀ , which are directed approximately parallel to the central axis 36 ₁₀ and thus approximately parallel to the outer wall 130 ₁₀ enter the mixing chamber 16 ₁₀ .

In an eleventh embodiment, shown in Fig. 15 corresponds to the constructive Construction of the mixing head according to the first embodiment, shown in Fig. 1 to 4.

In connection with the formation of the flow setting element 80 was only stated in the first embodiment that this from should be formed porous material.

In the eleventh embodiment, the flow-setting member 80 _{11 is} formed of fibrous material, the orientation of the fibers being defined by sheets 143 of sheet material made of such fibers.

The layers 143 of the sheet extend in the eleventh embodiment, for example, parallel to an outer side 144 and an inner side 146 of the flow setting member 80 ₁₁ and around the central axis 36 ₁₁ , wherein in the layers 143 of the sheet material in the simplest case are approximately perpendicular to each other, that is in that the first fibers are circumferentially aligned about the central axis 36 ₁₁ with a first orientation direction 152 and the second fibers extend with a second orientation direction 154 in a plane group passing through the central axis 36 ₁₁ and at an angle to the central axis 36 ₁₁ .

A twelfth embodiment shown in Fig. 16 is also based on the constructive concept of the first embodiment of FIG. 1 to 4.

In the twelfth embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the individual layers 143 'of the fibrous material sheet are oriented so that they are parallel to planes passing through the central axis 36 ₁₂ and thus extend in an approximately radial direction to the central axis 36 ₁₂ .

Thus, the fibers in the first direction 152 'run transversely to the outside 144 and the inner side 146 and in the second direction 154 'at an angle to the central axis 36 or parallel to the central axis.

The twelfth embodiment can be preferably made of individual in one Circumferentially 148 successive sectors 150 produce which be machined from a plate material, wherein the layers 143 ' approximately parallel to plate surfaces.

By editing the plate surfaces then arise the surfaces with which successive sectors 150 in the circumferential direction 148 to each other abut and each other by a joining process, for example by Bonding are connected.

Finally, then the production of a final contour by grinding the Outside 144 and the inside 146.

In a thirteenth embodiment, shown in Fig. 17, which is also based on the constructive concept of the first embodiment, the layers 143 "of the fiber material sheet extend in perpendicular to the central axis 36 ₁₃ directed planes, so that the fibers in both the first direction 152 "and the second direction 154" are each aligned transversely to the central axis 36 ₁₃ .

In the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth embodiments, it is preferable the production of the segments 30 from raw bodies with tissues, UD-layers, Rovings or semi-finished products produced by suitable binders, for example Resins are glued together.

In a fourteenth embodiment, shown in Fig. 18, the segments 30a ₁₄ and 30b _{14 are constructed} entirely of a porous body 160, which, however, on one side, for example, the outer surface 52 ₁₄ forming side 162, is compressed so that it the respective medium is impermeable. The tightness can also be ensured by a coating.

The impermeable side 162 extends in each case along the jacket body 46 ₁₄ and also on an outer side of the annular body 40 ₁₄ to the end face 54 _{14 of the} same, so that when assembling the segments 30 _14, the respective medium can be out tightly sealed.

Furthermore, the distribution channels 62a ₁₄ and 62b ₁₄ are still separated from each other since the next porous body 160, again at its side 162, is impermeable to the respective medium.

In this solution, an intensive temperature control of the segments 30a ₁₄ and 30b ₁₄ by means of the medium flowing through them, for example, an intensive cooling, possible.

In a fifteenth embodiment, shown in Fig. 19, the flow-determining element 80 _{15 is formed} as a solid or porous body, are passed through the holes 164 through which the respective medium can pass, the bores 164 to a cross-section reduction and, to compensate for Lead flow and allow a specification of the exiting mass flow.

The flow setting members 80 ₁₅ are insertable between the segments 30 in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

In a sixteenth embodiment, shown in FIG. 20, the flow setting member 80 ₁₆ is formed to have milled-in channels 168 on one side thereof in a solid or porous body thereof, which are open on one side and covered by a next-following segment 30.

The bores 164 or channels 168 according to the thirteenth or fourteenth Embodiment not only have the advantage that is characterized by the cross section allows the passing mass flow to be set in a simple manner, but also the advantage that the flow direction of the exiting Stream 72 is better set.

In a seventeenth embodiment shown in Fig. 21, the segments 30a ₁₇ and 30b _{17 are formed} in the same manner as in the second embodiment. In contrast to the second embodiment, the outer rings 42a ₁₇ and 42b _{17 are} formed of elastic material, so that the possibility exists by means of an adjusting device 170, which acts for example on the shell body 46a ₁₇ , the shell body 46a ₁₇ to move in the direction of the central axis 36 _17th and, for example, thereby to move in the direction of the sheath body 46b ₁₇ , so that a cross-sectional area of the outlet areas 70a ₁₇ and 17b _{17 is} variably adjustable and thus the mass flow exiting therefrom is adjustable.

For this purpose, for example, the outer rings 42a ₁₇ and 42b ₁₇ of a bellows, which may be made of metal, and thus in the direction of the central axis 36 ₁₇ slidably.

Further, the outer rings 42a ₁₇ and 42b, ₁₇ is connected by a joint connection in the fixing portion 57 to each other _17, said fixing portion 57 ₁₇ simultaneously 55 ₁₇ illustrating the sealing region between the two segments 30a and 30b _{17 17th}

In an eighteenth embodiment, shown in Fig. 22, the segments 30a and 30b _{18 18,} in principle the same construction as the seventeenth embodiment.

Likewise, the outer rings 42a ₁₈ and 42b _{18 are formed} in the same way.

In contrast to the seventeenth embodiment is, however, provided an annular seal 172 in the eighteenth embodiment in the sealing region 55 ₁₈ which 30a ₁₈ and 30b, ₁₈ against each other to seal the segments, the segments 30a ₁₈ and 30b, _18, for example clamped to one another by an unillustrated external retaining means 34, to obtain the necessary surface pressure around area of the ring seal 172.

Both in the seventeenth, and in the eighteenth embodiment becomes a significant advantage of the solution according to the invention, the It is that the sealing portion 55 at a great distance from the outlet areas 70 is arranged and thus the problems with thermal and mechanical stresses that exist in the outlet areas, in the sealing area 55 do not occur or compensate in a simple way to let.

This sealing techniques can be used in Abdichtbereich 55, the at the usual temperatures in the mixing chamber16 and mechanical temperatures Loads could not be used.

In a nineteenth embodiment, shown in Fig. 23, the distance between adjacent shell bodies, for example, the shell bodies 46a ₁₉ and 46b ₁₉ , vary in that one of the shell body, for example, the shell body 46b ₁₉ relative to the shell body 46a ₁₉ in the direction of Central axis 36 _{19 is} displaceable, so that a distance A between the sheath bodies 46a ₁₉ and 46b _{19 can be} reduced to a distance A ', provided that the sheath body 46b ₁₉ from its in Fig. 20 shown in solid position further in the direction of the central axis 36 ₁₉ in the sheath body 46a ₁₉ is pushed in and thus the distance A is reduced to the distance A ', so that thereby the flow cross-section and thus the mass flow is adjustable.

In order to realize a tight seal between the individual shell bodies, for example, the shell bodies 46a ₁₉ and 36b ₁₉ in this embodiment, a sealing bellows 180 is provided between them, which allows the relative displacement of the shell body 46b ₁₉ to the shell body 46a ₁₉ and yet the gap 74a ₁₉ between the two shell bodies 46a ₁₉ and 46b ₁₉ completes.

For example, the segments in a twentieth embodiment shown in Fig. 24 are preferably contiguous segments, 30a ₂₀ and 30b, _20, rigidly connected together and lying between these distribution channel 62a ₂₀ is closed by a radially outer wall 180, which is also the segments 30a ₂₀ and 30b ₂₀ rigidly interconnects.

In contrast, the distribution channel 62b _20, 30b between the segments ₂₀ and 30c ₂₀ to a distribution chamber 182 open, through which the supply of the medium is effected in these.

In addition, in turn, the segments 30c ₂₀ and 30d _{20 are} rigidly connected to each other, so that the distribution space 62c _{20 is} also completed to the outside, while a partial channel 62 ₂₀ between the segment 30d ₂₀ and the closure body 32 ₂₀ to the distribution chamber 182 is open.

Thus, it is possible to supply the distribution channels 62 _b and 62 _d via the distribution chamber 182 also serving as a reservoir, while in the distribution channels 62a ₂₀ and 62c ₂₀ via a separate line 184, the medium is to be supplied, the line 184, for example, from a On one of the injector 14 ₂₀ opposite side feed chamber 186 goes out.

Is for example in the twentieth embodiment, the line 184 flexible, there is in this embodiment, the possibility to move the segments interconnected 30a ₂₀ and 30b, ₂₀ relative to the segments 30c ₂₀ and 30d ₂₀ which are in turn connected firmly to one another and thus a Cross section of the outlet portions 70d ₂₀ and 70b ₂₀ to vary, while the outlet cross sections 70a ₂₀ and 70c ₂₀ are invariable in this case.

In a twenty-first embodiment shown in Fig. 25, the two segments 30a ₂₁ and 30b _{21 are formed} as helical bodies which engage with each other, wherein in each of the segments 30a ₂₁ and 30b ₂₁ a distribution channel 62a ₂₁ or 62b _{21 is} provided, which also runs in the spiral-shaped body.

The two segments 30a ₂₁ and 30b, ₂₁ forming a spiral-shaped body are greater than or spirally wound about the central axis 36 ₂₁ equal to 360 ° wherein a flow setting member in each of the segments 30a ₂₁ and 30b ₂₁ from the respective distribution channel 62a _21, 62b ₂₁ 80a ₂₁ and 80b ₂₁ leads to an outlet ₂₁ or 70a 70b ₂₁ which Mischraum16 the facing ₂₁ so that the exiting streams 72a and ₂₁ 72b ₂₁ enter the Mischraum16 ₂₁ and shown there in known manner, a mixing.

Preferably, the segments 30 ₂₁ are formed in multiple layers in the twenty-first embodiment, so that ₂₁ respectively, a jacket body 'and ₂₁ 46b ₂₁ and 46b' is on both sides of the flow setting member 80 46a ₂₁ and 46a _{21 are} formed, which provides a gas-tight seal to the through the medium supplied to the respective distribution channel 62 to the outlet regions 70 ₂₁ to lead.

Claims (68)

Mixing head (10) for supplying media to a mixing chamber (16) of a mixer,
characterized in that the mixing head (10) is made up of at least two segments (30) coaxial with one another (36) such that the at least two segments (30) comprise at least one distribution channel (62) with an associated elongated outlet region (70) a stream (72) of a first medium and at least one distribution channel (62) having an associated elongate outlet portion (70) for a stream (72) of a second medium limiting wall portions and that the elongated outlet portion (70) for the first medium and the elongated Outlet region (70) for the second medium coaxially with each other and at least in an angular range of 360 ° around the axis (36) are formed circumferentially. Mixing head according to Claim 1, characterized in that the segments (30) have wall regions (46) extending in the direction of the axis (36) and bounding the distribution channels (62) with the outlet regions (70), and with these in the direction of the axis (36). 36) extending wall portions (46) intermesh. Mixing head according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the segments (30) have wall regions which extend transversely to the direction of the axis (36) and bound the distribution channels (62) with the outlet regions (70). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the stream (72) of the first medium to escape with a component in the direction of the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the stream (72) of the first medium to escape with a component in the direction away from the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the flow (72) of the first medium to escape with a component in the direction of the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the stream (72) of the second medium to escape with a component in the direction of the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the flow of the second medium (72) with a component in the direction away from the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one outlet region (70) allows the flow (72) of the second medium with a component in the direction of the axis (36) to emerge. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow (72) of the first medium and the flow (72) of the second medium run without intersection. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flow (72) of the first medium and the flow (72) of the second medium are crossing each other. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution channels (62) are formed in a closed manner around the axis (36) in a closed manner. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the distribution channels (62) are formed substantially circumferentially around the axis (36) by at least approximately 360 ° in a spiral manner. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) are formed in a closed manner around the axis (36) in a closed manner. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) are in each case formed in a spiral around the axis (36) by at least approximately 360 °. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis (36) is a central axis of the mixing head (10). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) are adjustable with respect to their flow cross-section by moving the segments (30) relative to each other. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis (36) is a central axis of the mixing space (16). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis (36) is an axis of symmetry with the same symmetry for each of the outlet regions (70). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elongated outlet regions (70) are formed by a multiplicity of outlet openings arranged along a path. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) are formed by a permeable material region arranged along a path. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) lie close to a surface (14) delimiting a mixing chamber (16). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet regions (70) lie in an injector surface (14) bounding the mixing chamber (16). Mixing head according to Claim 23, characterized in that the injector surface (14) delimiting the mixing chamber (16) is a curved surface. Mixing head according to Claim 24, characterized in that the injector surface (14) delimiting the mixing chamber (16) is a curved surface. Mixing head according to Claim 25, characterized in that the injector surface (14) bounding the mixing chamber (16) is a dome-like curved surface. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distribution channel (62) with the associated outlet region (70) is delimited by two successively arranged segments (30). Mixing head according to claim 27, characterized in that at least one of the segments (30) delimits the distribution channel (62) on one side with one of its wall regions. Mixing head according to Claim 28, characterized in that the segment (30) which is closest to the at least one segment (30) delimits the distribution channel (62) with one of its wall regions. Mixing head according to one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the distribution channel (62) is formed in a wall region of one of the segments (30). Mixing head according to one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that at least one of the segments (30) delimits the outlet region (70) on one side with one of its wall regions. Mixing head according to Claim 31, characterized in that the segment (30) which is closest to the at least one segment (30) delimits the outlet region (70) with one of its wall regions. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each segment (30) comprises a jacket body (46) and in that the segments (30) engage with one another at least with partial sections (47, 140) of their jacket bodies (46) in the direction of the axis (36) , Mixing head according to Claim 33, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) extend as far as an injector surface (14) of the mixing head (10). Mixing head according to Claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) form wall surfaces bounding the distribution channel (62) and the outlet regions (70). Mixing head according to one of Claims 33 to 35, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) are designed as bodies which are closed around the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of Claims 33 to 36, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) have conically extending sections (47) relative to the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of Claims 33 to 36, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) have sections (140) which extend cylindrically with respect to the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of Claims 33 to 35, characterized in that the jacket bodies (46) extend in a spiral shape relative to the axis (36). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the segments (30) are made of identical starting bodies. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a connection between the segments (30), which is impervious to the respective medium, takes place in a sealing region (55) of the segments (30) remote from the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to Claim 41, characterized in that the sealing region (55) of the segments is arranged in a part of the segments (30) which lies approximately opposite the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the connection of the segments (30) in the sealing region (55) is effected by joining. Mixing head according to Claim 41 or 42, characterized in that the connection of the segments (30) in the sealing region (55) is made watertight by a sealing element for the respective medium. Mixing head according to one of Claims 41 to 44, characterized in that the respective segment (30) extends as a structure which is dense for the respective medium from the sealing region (55) to the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that mechanical fixing of the segments (30) relative to one another takes place in a fixing region (57) of the segments remote from the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to Claim 46, characterized in that the fixing region (57) of the segments (30) is arranged in a part of the segments (30) opposite the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to one of Claims 41 to 47, characterized in that the fixing region (57) and the sealing region (55) substantially coincide. Mixing head according to Claim 48, characterized in that a supply of the respective medium takes place in a feed region (65) of the distribution channel (62) remote from the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to claim 49, characterized in that the supply area (65) is located close to the sealing area (55) and / or the fixing area (57). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flow-determining element (80) is arranged between the distribution channel (62) and the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to Claim 51, characterized in that the flow-determining element (80) is a member which reduces a flow cross-section for the flow of the respective medium. Mixing head according to Claim 52, characterized in that the flow-determining element (80) has channels (164, 168) leading to the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to Claim 52, characterized in that the flow-determining element (80) has a porous structure permeable to flow in the direction of the outlet region (70). Mixing head according to one of claims 51 to 54, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) define a flow direction of the flow (72) of the respective medium. Mixing head according to one of Claims 51 to 55, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) are arranged between two successive jacket bodies (46). Mixing head according to Claim 56, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) extend as far as the injector surface (14). Mixing head according to one of Claims 51 to 57, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) are produced from a material permeable to the respective medium. Mixing head according to one of Claims 51 to 57, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) have openings (164, 168). Mixing head according to one of the claims, characterized in that the respective flow-determining element (80) is supported on at least one of the jacket bodies (46). Mixing head according to one of claims, characterized in that the respective flow-determining element (80) is supported on opposite sides in each case on one of the jacket bodies (46) adjoining the same. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flow distribution element (116) is provided between the distribution channel (62) and the flow-determining element (80). Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the segments (30) in their sections adjoining the outlet regions (70) are made of a machinable material. Mixing head according to one of claims 51 to 63, characterized in that the flow-determining elements (80) are made of a machinable material. Mixing head according to Claim 63 or 64, characterized in that the machinable material with the surface (82, 84) produced during machining delimits the mixing chamber (16). Mixing head according to claim 65, characterized in that the machinable material is a carbon or oxide fiber composite body. Mixing head according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixing chamber (16) at least partially extends into the mixing head (10). Mixing head according to Claim 67, characterized in that the mixing chamber (16) extends into a recess (24) formed in the mixing head (10).

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