EP1506359A2

EP1506359A2 - Method and device for operating especially an automatic or automated gearbox comprising a parking brake and a runaway locking mechanism

Info

Publication number: EP1506359A2
Application number: EP03732221A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Reinhard Berger; Alexander Schweizer; Dietmar Lang; Klaus KÜPPER; Burkhard Pollak; Jürgen BENZ
Original assignee: LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs KG; LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH
Current assignee: Schaeffler Buehl Verwaltungs GmbH; LuK Lamellen und Kupplungsbau GmbH
Priority date: 2002-05-10
Filing date: 2003-05-07
Publication date: 2005-02-16
Also published as: US20050143220A1; WO2003095871A2; WO2003095871A3; US7204785B2; FR2839540A1; DE10392606D2; DE10392606B4; US7374511B2; US20070135261A1; AU2003239755A1; DE10320280A1; ITMI20030939A1

Abstract

The invention relates to methods and devices for actuating a parking brake in a gearbox which is actuated in an automated manner, whereby gear changes are carried out by means of at least one electrically driven actuator, gear positions can be selected by means of a selector device, and the parking brake can be activated by means of the selector device when the vehicle is stationary or moving slowly. The invention also relates to a vehicle provided with an additional gearbox. The ignition key can only be removed, according to the inventive methods and devices, when the gearbox is in the P state and the additional gearbox is not in the N state. The invention further relates to a method and device, whereby the additional gearbox can only be shifted in the N state when the gearbox is not in the P state. Disclosed are also methods and a device for carrying out the same, by which means automated manual gearboxes, especially parallel gearboxes, are controlled in such a way that the vehicle can be safely parked and can set off in a reliable and comfortable manner.

Description

Method and device for operating in particular an automatic or automated transmission with a parking lock or roll-away protection

The invention relates to a method for controlling the detachability of an ignition key, a method for controlling the actuation of an additional transmission, a method for parking or actuating a parking lock of a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission, a method for releasing a starting process in an automated vehicle Gearbox equipped vehicle and devices for performing the method.

Gearboxes for motor vehicles have already become known in many copies. Manual transmissions, in which the driver changes gear, are still widely used due to the cost advantage of such transmissions. In addition to these manual transmissions operated by the driver, automatic transmissions have already become known, which can be fully automated shifting transmissions with a hydrodynamic converter and a downstream planetary-type transmission. Such known automatic transmissions are regularly equipped with a parking lock, by means of which the output shaft of the transmission and thus the drive train can be blocked, so that the vehicle can inadvertently roll away. The automatic transmission is locked in that the driver of the vehicle moves the selector lever into a position P, which leads to a blocking of the output shaft of the transmission via an actuation mechanism in the form of, for example, pull rods or push rods.

In addition to these known manual transmissions and the automatic transmissions described, it has also become known to use automated manual transmissions in motor vehicles in which an actuator in the form of, for example, an electric motor or two electric motors is used for the selection process and the switching process to change gear To be able to change gears program-controlled or requested by the driver.

The transmission has a decisive influence on the consumption, the comfort and the operational safety of vehicles, in particular passenger cars. For fuel-efficient driving is a prerequisite for driving at low speed and a correspondingly high torque. The greater the spread and the simpler it can be shifted, the more automatic and automated transmissions are used.

Such an automated manual transmission with the actuators, the clutch for disconnecting the drive train and the operating devices for operating the transmission is designed as a “by-wire” system, in which the actuator or actuators are controlled via electronic control pulses and a mechanical force transmission path between The selector lever arranged in the vehicle and the transmission are no longer provided. Even with such an automatically operated transmission in the form of, for example, an automated manual transmission or a double clutch transmission with two clutches and electromotive actuators, it is desirable to provide a parking lock so that the vehicle equipped with it can be prevented from accidentally rolling away.

For the operational safety of the vehicle, it is also important that the ignition key can only be removed if the parked vehicle is parked in a safely braked or blocked state and this state cannot be released in an uncontrolled manner. For driving comfort, it is important that the automated or automatic gearbox reacts spontaneously to a driver-controlled release of the safely braked or blocked state and enables immediate start-up without delays, accelerations or jerks perceived by the occupants as annoying ,

The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a method for solving the aforementioned problems and for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated transmission and to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Method for controlling the detachability of an ignition key and for actuating a parking lock in a vehicle having an automatically actuated transmission the gear change can be carried out by means of at least one actuator and gear positions can be selected by means of a selection device, with a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and an additional transmission arranged between the transmission and the vehicle wheels, which the parking lock by means of the selection device when the vehicle is stationary or has a low driving speed Vehicle can be activated or switched to an N operating state, in which its output shaft, decoupled from the input shaft, can be freely rotated, in which method the detachability of the ignition key is only released if the transmission is in P operating state and the additional transmission is not in N state. Operating state.

The transmission mentioned here is not a conventional automatic transmission of planetary type, but rather a manual transmission automated for example by means of an “add-on actuator system” or a parallel transmission which is designed as a “shift-by-wire” system which is no longer a mechanical connection between the selector and the transmission for shifting the gears.

The selection device can be a selector lever with which the driver can select individual gears of the transmission or can also select a shift program according to which the transmission is then controlled via a transmission control according to a shift program, or a separate switch that activates brings about the parking lock when the vehicle is stationary or has a low driving speed, the speed being less than 2 km / h, for example.

According to a development of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the parking lock is activated when a lack of a control pulse required for the operation of the vehicle is determined, that is to say, for example by means of a sensor, that the ignition key has been removed or in the case of one without such an ignition key working electronic access authorization system the absence of a key card or the like is determined.

According to a development of the method, it is provided that the parking lock is activated if it is determined that the driver of the vehicle has left the vehicle and the selection device is in a driving position. If, for example, the selector lever is in a position after which an automatically running shift program of the automatically operated transmission has been selected and the driver has left the vehicle, which can be determined, for example, via a driver seat occupancy sensor, the parking lock is activated automatically according to the invention and the drive train of the vehicle is blocked, so that rolling away of the vehicle is prevented.

The activation and also a deactivation of the parking lock, which will be described in more detail below, can be carried out with a parking lock both when the drive motor of a vehicle with an automatically operated transmission is running and at a standstill. The parking lock can be activated by means of an electrically driven actuator that engages the parking lock, which is possible with normal operation with a corresponding power supply to the actuator.

According to a development of the method according to the invention, it is also provided that the parking lock is activated after a fault situation has been determined. This fault situation can be a fault condition of the selection device in a driving position, that is to say if it is determined that a signal originating from the selection device is implausible and it is determined that the drive motor of the vehicle has been switched off.

In a similar manner, the parking lock can be activated if a fault condition of the selection device is detected in a driving position and the vehicle is moving at a low speed, for example a speed of less than 2 km / h.

According to a development of the invention, it is also provided that the parking lock is activated when a fault condition of a transmission control is detected and the drive motor has been switched off. This ensures that the vehicle is prevented from rolling away if the transmission control signal is to be regarded as implausible and the drive motor is switched off. According to the invention, it is also provided to activate the parking lock when it is determined that the energy for actuating the transmission has failed, for example the actuator for the gear change process is no longer supplied with energy and the vehicle is stationary or only at a low speed of less than 2 km / h. In this case, it is advantageous if a spring accumulator is provided which automatically activates a parking lock, for example a pawl, that is, it engages when the conditions mentioned are met.

According to a development of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the parking lock is deactivated when the service brake of the vehicle is actuated and a driving position or a neutral position of the transmission is selected by means of the selection device. The deactivation of the parking lock can be brought about actively by means of the actuator for performing the gear change processes, it being possible for a holding actuator to be provided which holds the deactivated parking lock in a deactivated position.

It is generally provided according to the invention that the parking lock can be deactivated by means of the selector device in the vehicle, wherein a mechanical connection of the selector lever to the parking lock provided in the deactivation can also be provided in the automatically operated transmission, that is to say via a displacement movement of the Selector lever a mechanical power transmission path between the selector lever and the parking lock is actuated, which enables the parking lock to be disengaged, so that even if the energy required to operate the transmission actuator fails, the parking lock can be disengaged mechanically, which in the event of a failure of the Vehicle is an advantage.

The invention also provides a device for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated transmission, with a mechanical spring device which activates the parking lock and an electrically operated actuator controlled by means of a selection device which deactivates the activated parking lock and a holding actuator which keeps the deactivated parking lock deactivated. In other words, it means that according to the invention a device with a mechanical spring device is provided, which can activate the parking lock automatically and the activated parking lock can be deactivated via an electrically actuated actuator, the deactivation can be triggered by a selection device by the driver of the vehicle and the deactivated parking lock via a further actuator, the holding actuator can be held. The holding actuator can be an electromagnet, for example, which holds the parking lock in a deactivated state. According to a development of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the activated parking lock can be deactivated by means of an emergency unlocking device that is mechanically actuated via the selection device. This provides precaution in the event of a failure of the vehicle to come to a standstill, in which the parking lock has been activated and it is no longer possible to deactivate the parking lock by means of the electrically actuated actuator and thus the parking lock can be deactivated mechanically via an emergency release device so that the vehicle can be towed, for example.

According to the invention, a device is also provided for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated transmission, which has a selection device for controlling an electrically operated actuator which activates the parking lock, a spring device being provided, against which the selection device can be moved to activate the parking lock. whereby the actuator for activating the parking lock is actuated by detecting the movement of the selection device and the selection device is locked after activation of the parking lock.

The selection device, which can be moved against the spring device, ensures that the driver perceives the activation of the parking lock by the necessary overcoming of the spring force and thus inadvertently activates the parking lock by the driver. The movement of the selection device by the driver is recorded and used to activate the parking lock by the actuator, the selection device then being locked after the parking lock has been activated, for which purpose, for example, a magnetic or mechanical locking is used.

The method and device described above can be used, for example, on a vehicle with a dual clutch transmission with a starter generator. In a vehicle equipped with a double clutch transmission with a parking lock, it is advantageous if the clutches are open when the internal combustion engine is switched off. This means that the roll-away protection is only in effect when the parking lock is actually activated and the case cannot occur that the vehicle can no longer be moved when the parking lock is deactivated, if at least one clutch is closed and no more energy is available to open the clutch, which could be the case, for example, when the vehicle battery can no longer provide sufficient energy to actuate the clutch and the vehicle has to be towed. This means that the vehicle's anti-roll function only works when the parking lock is actually activated, but not at other speed levels.

It is also provided that neutral is only engaged in the transmission, in which all the gear teeth are open, or reverse gear is only engaged when the driver's request for these positions has been clearly verified. This prevents neither neutral nor reverse gear from being engaged if the selector lever is only briefly in this position. Since the internal combustion engine is switched off and the parking lock is activated at the same time, the dual clutch transmission has either first or second gear after a previous forward drive, both clutches are open and the parking lock is activated. In this state, the vehicle can be easily moved after deactivating the parking lock, and the behavior of a fully automatic planetary-type transmission with converter can be simulated in this way with the double clutch transmission.

A further solution to the object of the invention is achieved with a method for controlling the detachability of an ignition key in a vehicle which has a transmission with a P operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and an additional transmission arranged between the transmission and the vehicle and which is in an N- Operating state is switchable by its output shaft decoupled from the input shaft is freely rotatable, in which method the deductibility of the The ignition key is only released if the transmission is in the P operating state and the additional transmission is not in the N operating state.

This ensures that the vehicle is parked in the blocked state.

In addition, a method for controlling the operability of an auxiliary transmission of a vehicle is used to achieve the object of the invention, the auxiliary transmission being arranged in the vicinity of the vehicle wheels between a transmission which is switched into a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and in an N-operating state is switchable, its output shaft being freely decoupled from the input shaft. With this method, the additional transmission can only be switched to the N state if the transmission is not in its P state. This ensures that the locked state of the vehicle cannot be released unintentionally.

A further solution to the object of the invention is achieved with a device for controlling the detachability of an ignition key in a vehicle, which has a transmission with a P operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and an additional transmission arranged between the transmission and the vehicle wheels, which is in an N- Operating state is switchable by decoupling its output shaft from the input shaft, which device comprises a detection device for detecting the operating state of the transmission, a detection device for detecting the operating state of the auxiliary transmission, a locking device for locking or releasing the detachability of an ignition key and one with the detection devices and the locking device connected control device, wherein the control device controls the locking device such that the removability of the ignition key is released when the automated transmission in P-Bet frictional state and the auxiliary transmission is not in the N-operating state.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved with a device for controlling the operability of an auxiliary transmission of a vehicle, the auxiliary transmission being between a a gearbox that is in a P- blocking the rotatability of an output shaft

Operating state switchable and the vehicle wheels is arranged and can be switched into an N-operating state in which its output shaft is freely rotatable decoupled from the input shaft. This device contains a detection device for detecting the operating state of the transmission, a detection device for detecting the operating state of the auxiliary transmission, a locking device for locking the switchability of the auxiliary transmission into the N state and a control device connected to the detection devices and the locking device, the control device being the locking device controls in such a way that the auxiliary transmission can only be shifted into its N state when the transmission is not in its P state.

Further solutions to the object of the invention are achieved with the following methods, whereby any automated manual transmission can be used, unless a dual clutch transmission is expressly indicated:

A procedure for safely parking a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission includes the following steps: a) Check whether the vehicle is stationary and the ignition is off, if yes b) Check whether a starting gear is engaged, if yes c) Check whether the clutch indented, if yes d) end of the parking procedure.

A method for safely parking a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock includes the following steps: a) checking whether the ignition is off and the parking lock engaged, b) checking whether a starting gear is engaged, if yes, c) checking whether the clutch is engaged, if yes d) ending the shutdown procedure. In the two aforementioned methods, the one inserted in step b) advantageously depends

Starting gear from the gear that was engaged in the previous operating cycle of the vehicle.

It is also advantageous if the automated manual transmission is an automated double clutch transmission with two partial transmissions and clutches assigned to them, wherein in step b) a gear is shifted in each partial transmission and both clutches are closed in step c).

Another advantageous method for parking a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock includes the following steps: a) checking whether the ignition is off and the parking lock engaged, b) checking whether all gears are disengaged, if so, c) checking whether the clutch is actuated completed, if yes d) end of the parking procedure.

It is useful if, in an additional step before step d), it is checked whether a handbrake is actuated.

It is also advantageous if the detachability of an ignition key is only released when all process steps have been fulfilled.

A method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission includes the following method steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on, if yes b) checking whether the brake is actuated, if yes c) checking whether the clutch is disengaged, if yes d ) Release starter operation. The aforementioned method advantageously includes the following steps d) following step d) Checking whether the vehicle is moving with or after the engine has rotated without a change in the drive program to a gear step, if yes e) Withdrawal of the starter release and switching off the engine.

A method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock includes the following procedural steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on and parking lock engaged, if yes b) checking whether the clutch is disengaged, if yes c) checking whether the starting request is made , if yes d) Activate starter.

Another method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock includes the following procedural steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on and the parking lock engaged, if yes b) checking whether the clutch is disengaged, if yes c) releasing the starter operation, so that the starter can be operated.

The disengagement of both clutches is advantageously checked in the step in which the disengagement of the clutch is checked in a double clutch transmission.

It is advantageous if a starting gear is engaged at the latest during activation of the starter. The starting gear advantageously depends on the gear in which the vehicle was driven in the previous operating cycle.

If the automated manual transmission is a dual clutch transmission, the first and second forward gears are advantageously engaged at the latest during activation of the starter, or a forward starting gear and the reverse gear are engaged.

It is advisable to engage the clutch associated with the selected starting gear and to release the vehicle brake or parking lock when the control unit is switched to a gear position.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if, when the vehicle is stationary, a change in the setting of an operating unit of the transmission results in a corresponding change in the transmission state only if the setting of the operating unit continues for a predetermined period of time.

A device for carrying out the aforementioned method contains an operating unit for setting an operating state request for an automated manual transmission, an actuating unit for shifting gears of an automated manual transmission, an actuating unit for at least one clutch arranged between an engine and the automated manual transmission, an ignition switch, a starter switch, a starter for the engine, a device for holding the vehicle at a standstill and an electronic control device which is connected to the aforementioned modules and controls their operation in accordance with the method steps. The device for holding the vehicle at a standstill is advantageously at least one of the following devices: mechanical parking lock, for example by means of a Bowden cable between the control unit 46 and the transmission 40 or via a control unit actuatable by an actuator at least detachably from a control unit via at least one actuator.

The invention is explained below with reference to schematic drawings, for example and with further details.

They represent:

1: a schematic representation to explain the device for actuating a parking lock, which is in the locked state;

Fig. 2 is an illustration similar to that of Figure 1, showing the unlocked state.

3 shows a partially sectioned illustration of a parking lock device in the locked or locked state;

FIG. 4 shows a representation similar to that of FIG. 3 in the unlocked or open state;

5 shows a diagram of the shift pattern of an automated manual transmission which has been extended by a parking lock release position;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 5, showing a shift pattern for a parallel transmission. and

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of an emergency release device for a parking lock.

8 schematically shows a vehicle with a drive train and an associated operating and control unit,

9 shows a double clutch transmission connected to a vehicle engine with associated operating units,

10 is a diagram of a double clutch transmission with parking lock, two clutch and two transmission actuators,

11 is a diagram of a double clutch transmission with parking lock and reduced transmission actuation, 12 shows a layout of the mobility of a selector lever,

13 is a flowchart for parking in a dual clutch transmission without a parking lock,

14 is a flowchart parking in a dual clutch transmission with parking lock,

15 is a flowchart of roll-away protection and starter release in a double clutch transmission without a parking lock and with a reduced transmission actuator and

Fig. 16 is a flowchart starter release in a dual clutch transmission with parking lock.

Figure 1 of the drawing shows a schematic representation of a device for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated gearbox.

By means of an actuator 1, which in the embodiment shown has two electric motors 2, 3, the motor 2 being provided for carrying out the selection process, that is for moving the shift finger 4 between the individual shift gates, in which the individual gear stages 1 to 6 and the reverse gear is located. The second electric motor 3 is used to move the shift finger 4 within the individual shift gates, that is to say, for example, the shift gate with the gear stages 1, 2 and thus for carrying out the switching operations or engaging and disengaging the gears.

The shift pattern comprising six forward gears and one reverse gear has been extended by an actuation position “release parking lock” designated by the reference symbol PL, into which the shift finger 4 can be moved by the electric motor 2 in order to be able to release a locked parking lock, that is to say a parking lock pawl shown schematically 6 to be able to release from engagement with a schematically illustrated parking lock wheel 7.

As is readily apparent from Figure 1 of the drawing, a parking lock is shown in the locked position. In the illustrated embodiment, the activation of the parking lock, i.e. the engagement of the parking lock pawl 6 in the parking lock wheel 7, which is connected to the output shaft of an automated gearbox, not shown, is brought about by a mechanical spring device 8 acting on the parking lock pawl 6 with a spring force that the parking lock pawl 6 engages in the parking lock wheel 7 when the parking lock pawl 6 is not kept open.

Figure 1 of the drawing also shows a holding actuator 9, which serves to keep the parking lock pawl 6 out of engagement with the parking lock wheel 7. For this purpose, reference is made to FIG. 2 of the drawing. This shows a state in which the parking lock pawl 6 is arranged in a state in which it is not in engagement with the parking lock wheel 7. In this state, the holding actuator 9 holds the parking lock pawl 6 and thus counteracts the spring force of the mechanical spring device 8. The holding actuator 9 can be, for example, an electromagnet that keeps the parking lock pawl 6 open when energized with a low holding current. If the parking lock is to be activated and for this purpose the current supply to the holding actuator 9 is interrupted, the mechanical spring device 8 presses the parking lock pawl 6 into engagement with the parking lock wheel 7 and in this way activates the parking lock of the automated manual transmission.

A current supply to the selector motor 2 leads to a movement of the shift finger 4 in the direction of the actuation position “PL”, in which it presses the component 10 shown schematically against the action of the mechanical spring device 10 in such a way that the parking lock pawl 6 disengages from the parking lock wheel 7 Then the holding actuator 9 is energized in order to hold the parking lock in the open state according to FIG. 2 of the drawing.

The activation of the parking lock from the deactivated state to the activated state according to FIG. 1 can thus be brought about, for example, by interrupting the energization of the holding actuator 9 and thus the mechanical spring device 8 pushing the parking lock pawl 6 into engagement with the parking lock wheel 7. The driver can interrupt the energization of the holding actuator 9 of the vehicle are triggered in that it operates a selection device, via which the parking lock can be activated in the manner described. The selection device can be the selector lever in the vehicle interior, with which the driver also operates the transmission, for example can select an automatically running driving program. However, the invention is not limited to this, but the activation of the parking lock can also be brought about by the driver actuating a switch that is functionally separate from the selection device. The parking lock is activated when the vehicle is stationary or only has a low driving speed of, for example, less than 2 km / h. In addition to this activation of the parking lock deliberately brought about by the driver, it is also possible to automatically activate the parking lock.

Such an automatic activation can take place, for example, if an absence of a control pulse required to operate the vehicle is determined, for example the ignition key for operating the vehicle has been removed or another access control device, such as a keycard or the like, has been removed and the driver of the For example, the vehicle forgot to activate the parking lock.

In addition, it is also possible to automatically activate the parking lock when it is determined that the driver of the vehicle has left the vehicle and the selection device with which transmission positions can be selected is in a driving position. If, for example, the driver has shifted the selection device into a position “D” for an automatically running shift program, has brought the vehicle to a standstill with the service brake and then leaves the vehicle, the invention provides for the parking lock to be activated so that a unintentional rolling away of the vehicle is avoided.

In addition, it is also provided that the parking lock is activated after the detection of an error situation, that is, an emergency situation is recognized.

Such a fault situation can consist, for example, in determining that the drive motor of the vehicle has been switched off and the selector lever has not has been moved to a position corresponding to the activation of the parking lock, but is still in a position that corresponds to a driving program. It is also provided that the parking lock is activated when an error condition of the selection device is detected in a driving position and the vehicle is moving at a low speed of, for example, less than 2 km / h. In addition to this automatic activation of the parking lock with a selector located in a driving position, such an activation can also be provided if the selector lever is in a position corresponding to the neutral position of the transmission.

According to the invention, it is provided in general that the parking lock is activated when it is determined that the energy for actuating the transmission has failed, that is to say a stopping error has occurred, after which an uncontrolled rolling away of the vehicle is to be avoided.

An activated parking lock is deactivated according to the invention when the service brake of the vehicle is actuated and a driving position or a neutral position of the transmission is selected by means of the selection device. Such deactivation is possible if the vehicle has an internal combustion engine as the drive motor, with the internal combustion engine running or stationary. The activated parking lock can be deactivated by means of the actuator, that is to say the previously described electric motor 2 for the displacement movement of the shift finger 4 within the selector gate into the actuation position “PL” and by means of a holding actuator in the form of, for example, the electromagnetic holding actuator 9 already described in a deactivated manner The parking lock can also be deactivated by the electric motor 3, for example depending on the force required to deactivate it, if this motor 3 is designed to be more powerful than the motor 2. A combination of both motors is also used to actuate the The triggering process for deactivating the parking lock can be a displacement movement of the selection device, for example if it is determined, for example, that the selection device for the transmission positions comes from a position corresponding to the parking lock position is pulled out by the driver.

FIG. 3 of the drawing shows an embodiment of a parking lock with actuating devices. direction in a locked state. A pawl 6 is in a locked state with a parking lock gear 7, so that the parking lock gear 7 prevents rotation of the gear shaft via its non-rotatable connection to a gear shaft, not shown, whose axis of rotation is shown by reference numeral 11.

The pawl 6 is pressed over the conically rising profile 12 of an actuating bolt 13 into engagement with the parking lock wheel 7, specifically because of the pressure force of the spring 8, which is supported against a collar 14 and a thrust washer 15, so that the spring 8 locks the pawl 6 always presses into the state engaged with the parking lock wheel 7 when the holding actuator 9, designed as an electromagnet, is not energized and the actuating bolt 13 is in the retracted position shown in FIG. 4 and the shift finger 4 is not in a rotated position shown in FIG. 4 Position is over which the actuating pin 13 is pressed into the disengaged position against the force of the spring 8. The shift finger 4 is moved by a rotary movement of the shaft 17 of the electric motor 3.

Figure 4 of the drawing now shows the unlocked or open state of the parking lock, which is characterized in that the pawl 6 has disengaged from the parking lock gear 7, namely that the shift finger 4 by the rotary movement of the shaft 17 in the in Figure 4 shown position was rotated and thus pressed the actuating pin 13 against the pressure force of the spring 8 in the direction directed to the right in the plane of the drawing, so that the pawl 6 has performed a downward relative movement on the inclined profile 12 of the actuating pin 13 and has thus disengaged from the parking lock wheel. In the open state of the parking lock shown in FIG. 4, the holding actuator 9 can be energized and thus holds the actuating pin 13 in the disengaged position shown, so that the shift finger 4 is rotated out of the system state on the actuating pin 13 again by rotating the shaft 17 can to be moved in the Wähigasse and the switching lanes of the circuit diagram.

A circuit diagram of an automated manual transmission, which is a parking lock release position PL was expanded, is shown in Figure 5 of the drawing. The shift pattern shown is a shift pattern that belongs to an automated manual transmission with six forward gears and one reverse gear. As can be easily seen, the selection gate WG has been extended by the parking lock release position PL, so that a shift finger moving within the selection gate WG can be moved into the parking lock release position PL, for example by the selector actuator or electric motor 2 for the selection process.

Figure 6 of the drawing shows a similar shift pattern of a parallel transmission with six forward gears and one reverse gear, in which the selector gate WG was also extended by the parking lock release position PL. In both cases, moving the shift finger through the selector actuator into the parking lock release position PL within the selection alley WG leads to the parking lock pawl being released from engagement with the parking lock wheel. The parking lock is then held in this released position by the holding actuator, which, for reasons of redundancy and safety, can be provided twice in order to prevent the parking lock from locking unintentionally. In such an embodiment, it is additionally advantageous if one of the holding actuators is controlled via the transmission control and the other holding actuator is controlled via the motor control, so that if one of the two controls fails, an unwanted locking of the parking lock can still be avoided.

FIG. 7 of the drawing shows a schematic illustration of an emergency release device by means of which the activated parking lock can be deactivated. The reference numeral 18 designates the selector lever 18 with which the driver can bring about individual gear positions or can also select an automatically running shift program. A mechanical power transmission device in the form of, for example, a cable 19 is connected to the selector lever 18. The cable pull 19 acts on a lever 20, which is shown in FIG. 6 in three positions, namely in two dashed positions, which correspond to a locked parking lock position and a position shown by solid lines, which corresponds to an unlocked position of the parking lock. The lever 20 can be pulled from both locked positions into the unlocked position by means of a pulling movement on the selector lever 18 into the position deflected to the right and shown there. can be unlocked with the parking lock. With this emergency unlocking device, it is possible to move the parking lock into the unlocked position in the event of a malfunction, for example a failure of the transmission control for actuating the selector actuator, so that the vehicle which has been left lying down can be towed away. The dashed position of the selector lever 18 corresponds to a position corresponding to an emergency release division in the shift gate in the vehicle. So that an inadvertent actuation of the selector lever 18 in this emergency unlocking position can be avoided, it is possible, for example, that this position of the selector lever 18 can only be brought about against overcoming a compressive force of a spring or the like, so that it is made plausible to the driver of the vehicle that he performs such an emergency release procedure. Similarly, it is also possible that the selector lever must be pressed into the desired position P against the force of a spring in order to switch on the parking lock. As a result, the command is recognized that the parking lock is to be switched on and the parking lock is activated by, for example, an actuator or the spring device already described above. After recognizing the command to activate the parking lock and the plausibility check of this command, the remaining path of the selector lever to the end position is then released, in which the selector lever can then be locked so that it can only be moved out of this position in the presence of a condition such as, for example the vehicle's service brake can be pulled out. The aforementioned plausibility check before enabling the selector lever to be switched to position P may also include other signals, e.g. B. include releasing the service brake. Another possibility of plausibility checking is that the ignition key of the vehicle can only be removed if the driver has shifted the selector lever into position P and the parking lock has thus been engaged.

According to FIG. 8, a vehicle has a motor 21 which is connected to a transmission via a controllable torque transmission device, for example a clutch 22

23 is connected, the output shaft 24 of which is connected to the input shaft (not shown) of an auxiliary transmission 25 which is connected via drive shafts 26 and 27 to the differentials 18 and 20 via which the front wheels 22 and the rear wheels, respectively

24 are driven. The transmission 23 is, for example, a conventional automatic transmission with planetary gear sets. The clutch 22 is a torque converter with a lock-up function. The additional gear 25 is a so-called "transfer chase", with which the gear output shaft 24 or the input shaft (not shown) of the auxiliary gear 25 can be connected to the drive shafts 26 and 27 in various ways.

The transmission 23 is actuated via an operating unit 32, which has a P position (output shaft 24 blocked), an R position (reverse gear), an N position (neutral position) and a D position, depending on the operating state of the vehicle and actuation of an accelerator pedal to switch various forward gears. The clutch 22 and the transmission 23 are controlled electrically, electrohydraulically or otherwise in a manner known per se by actuators (not shown) in accordance with the position of the manually operable operating unit 32.

The auxiliary transmission 25 includes an operating unit 33 with which various operating states can be switched, for example:

- 2H: two-wheel drive (front or rear wheel), ratio high (normal condition),

- 4H: four-wheel drive, ratio H

- N: Neutral (no connection between the input shaft of the auxiliary transmission and the drive shafts 26 and 27) or

- 4L: four-wheel drive with additional transmission for difficult terrain.

The control unit 33 can interact directly with the additional gear 25 or control it via a control unit and actuators.

The structure and function of the functional units described are known per se and are therefore not explained in detail. It is also known to provide an ignition lock 34 with a locking device 32 with which the extractability of an ignition key 34 from the ignition lock 34 can be locked when the control unit 32 or its selector lever is in the P position. For this purpose, the control unit 32 is connected to a control unit 36, which actuates the locking device 32 in the P position in such a way that the ignition key 34 cannot be removed from the ignition lock 34. The locking device 32 can contain, for example, an electromagnet.

The reason for blocking the extractability of the ignition key 34 is that the ignition key can only be removed if the transmission 23 and — in the absence of the additional transmission 25 — the vehicle is blocked. This ensures that the vehicle left after removing the ignition key is in the park position, i.e. in the blocked state.

The presence of the additional gear 25, which can be switched into a neutral position, no longer guarantees the effect of the parking lock, since when the gear 23 is in P, no vehicle locking is guaranteed, because the additional gear 25 can be in its neutral position.

According to the invention, the control unit 36 is therefore also connected to the operating unit 33 of the additional gear 25 and only releases the locking device 32 if the operating unit 32 for the gear 23 is switched to P and the operating unit 33 for the additional gear 25 is not switched to N. In this way it is ensured that the ignition key 34 is only removed when the parking lock of the transmission 8 actually blocks the vehicle.

So that switching of the additional transmission 25 to its neutral position is prevented when the transmission 23 is in the P position, which would cancel the parking lock effect, a locking device 38 is provided on the operating unit 33, which prevents the operating unit 33 from switching to N when the gear 23 is in the park position. This can be prevented by mechanical blocking, as shown of the selector lever of the control unit 33 or by the fact that an control unit provided for the additional gear 25 does not execute a command from the control unit 33 when the gear 23 is in the park position. The control unit 36 then contains a corresponding logic with which the operating unit (not shown) for the additional transmission 25 is controlled. Overall, the additional transmission 25 can thus only be switched to N when the parking lock is not engaged, ie the transmission 23 is not in the P position.

It is understood that the above-described logic of the detachability of the ignition key 34 only when the gear 23 is in the P position and the auxiliary gear 25 is not in the N position at the same time, as well as the logic of blocking the switchability of the auxiliary gear 25 in the N Position, when the gear 23 is in the P position, can be used individually or in combination. The transmission 23 does not necessarily have to be an automatic transmission; it can also be a manual transmission with an additional blocking position or with logic such that the reverse gear engaged or a first forward gear are evaluated as a P position by the control unit 36.

The respective position or the respective state of the transmission and the additional transmission does not have to be recorded on the associated operating units, but can also be recorded by sensors integrated in the transmission.

FIG. 9 schematically represents a motor 21, the drive shaft of which forms the input shaft 39 of a double clutch transmission 40. Such a double clutch transmission 40 is known per se in its construction and contains a first partial transmission 41 with a clutch 42 assigned to it and a second partial transmission 43 with a clutch 44 assigned to it. In this way, two parallel transmission paths 42, 41 and 44, 43 are formed, via which the rotation of the input shaft 39 can optionally be transmitted to an output shaft 45. Because of the parallel transmission paths, double clutch transmissions are also called parallel shift transmissions. The dual clutch transmission is controlled via an operating unit 46 with the positions P, N, R, D and an electronic control unit 47, which is connected to sensors (not shown in detail) and controls an actuating unit 48 of the double clutch transmission 40 provided with actuators. The control device provided with a microprocessor and associated memories etc. can be configured in different ways and does not have to be a central unit, but can be distributed as a control device to several decentralized units. Reference numeral 49 denotes a starter of the engine 21; Reference numeral 50 denotes an ignition lock.

Figure 10 schematically shows the structure of a double clutch transmission somewhat more precisely. The actuation unit 48 contains two clutch actuators 51, 52 and two gear actuators 53, 54 and a parking lock 72 which, like the actuators, is controlled by the control unit 47. The structure and function of such a double clutch transmission are known per se, so that they are no longer explained. The individual numbers at the top of the figure indicate the gears.

FIG. 11 schematically shows the construction of a double clutch transmission, the actuating unit 48 also contains two clutch actuators 51, 52, but only one transmission actuator 56, which switches both partial transmissions 41 and 43. In this case, each gear of the one sub-transmission can be engaged with each gear of the other sub-transmission, but only one gear in each of the two sub-transmissions. The structure and function of such a double clutch transmission are also known per se, so that they are no longer explained.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a layout of the operating unit 43 with a selector lever lane in which the selector lever can be moved into the positions P, R, N and D. From D, the selector lever can be moved laterally into a further aisle in which, when the travel lever is moved upward, a shift is made to a higher forward gear and downward to a lower forward gear. Generally, the first and second gears are considered forward start gears, the first gear being used for difficult starting and crawling, and the second gear being used for normal starting.

With conventional automated transmissions (which works, for example, with planetary gear sets and a converter clutch), high operational reliability is achieved in that the ignition key can only be removed when the transmission is in the P position, i.e. the vehicle is blocked. Furthermore, the engine can only be started in the P or N position. To start driving, the brake pedal must be pressed when engaging a gear step, in which case a starting torque is immediately transmitted, which can be used to start without delay.

The following describes methods and strategies with which a similar level of safety and comfort can be achieved in a double clutch or parallel shift transmission. If the two clutches or the simultaneous shiftability of two gears is not essential, these strategies can also be used in automated manual transmissions with only one clutch.

First, a safe parking or parking of a vehicle with an automated manual transmission, which has no separate parking lock, is explained with reference to FIG. 13:

In step 80 it is checked whether the vehicle is stationary and the ignition is off. If this is not the case, the shutdown cycle is aborted. If this is the case, it is checked in step 82 whether a starting gear is engaged. If this is not the case, the system engages a starting gear in step 84 and returns to step 82. If a starting gear is engaged, it is checked in step 86 whether the clutch is engaged. If this is not the case, the clutch is engaged in step 88. If the clutch is engaged, the system run-on or the system is switched off in step 89 after the ignition has been switched off. The vehicle is parked with a short gear ratio inserted and, provided that it is not too steep, cannot roll away. To the risk that the vehicle rolls in situations in which the braking torque of the stopped engine is not sufficient to hold it, the aforementioned method can be supplemented by further steps, which are explained below.

If the automated manual transmission is equipped with a parking lock, the shutdown procedure can be carried out in a very similar manner, with a check being carried out in step 80 to determine whether the ignition is off and the selector lever is in P, i. H. the parking lock is engaged.

Advantageously, the starting gear which is engaged when the vehicle is parked depends on the gear in which the vehicle was previously driven. If, for example, the reverse gear is used last when parking, then it is advantageous to immediately engage a forward start gear, which can then be used to start driving immediately. If a forward gear is used last, it is advisable to engage the reverse gear.

A particularly safe shutdown method in a parallel transmission with parking lock is explained with reference to FIG. 7:

In step 90 it is checked whether the ignition is off and the selector lever is in P. If this is not the case, the tuning cycle is ended. If this is the case, it is checked in step 92 whether a gear is engaged in each of the transmission parts, for example gears 1 and 2. If this is not the case, the gears are engaged. If this is the case, it is checked in step 94 whether the clutches are closed. If this is not the case, then who closed the couplings. With the clutches closed, the system proceeds to step 96, in which the overrun or the system is switched off.

The procedure described has the advantage that there is double securing, firstly via the parking lock and secondly via the gearbox, which locks while the gears are active as long as the torque that can be transmitted by the closed clutches is not exceeded. It goes without saying that the described method can be modified in such a way that in the case of transmissions without a parking lock, it is only checked in step 90 whether the ignition is off and the vehicle is stationary.

In an alternative method for parking a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock, it is checked in a first step whether the ignition is off and the parking lock is engaged. In a further step it is then checked whether the transmission is in zero gear (all gears are designed); it is then checked whether the clutch actuation (s) has ended, regardless of whether the clutch (s) is engaged or disengaged. If this is the case, the parking process is ended. With the aforementioned method, the vehicle is only blocked via the parking lock. There is time to engage a starting gear when starting later. The step of checking the termination of the clutch actuation has the purpose, for example, of ensuring that corresponding actuators are free of force. The clutch actuation completion check step is not mandatory.

The above-mentioned methods, in particular the method according to FIG. 13, can be supplemented by checking in an additional step whether a handbrake is actuated. It is particularly advantageous if the handbrake can be actuated electrically or by another actuator, since it can then be actuated by the system.

It is also advantageous to supplement the aforementioned methods in such a way that an ignition key can only be removed if all the method steps for parking the vehicle have been successfully completed.

A method for safe starting of a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission without a parking lock is explained below with reference to FIG. 15: In step 100 it is checked whether there is a starting request, for example a starter switch (eg turning the ignition key) is actuated. If this is the case, it is checked in step 102 whether the brake pedal is actuated. If this is the case, it is checked in step 104 whether the clutch or, in the case of a double clutch transmission, the clutches are disengaged. If this is not the case, the clutches are disengaged in step 106 and the system returns to step 100. If the or the clutches are disengaged, the starter operation is released in step 108, ie the engine is started. This ensures that the vehicle does not start moving unintentionally. The method is advantageously continued by checking in step 110 whether the vehicle is moving during starting. If this is the case, the engine is actively switched off in step 112, for example the ignition or the supply of fuel is interrupted.

In a simplified implementation of the method, it is only checked in step 100 whether the ignition is switched on and the engine is not running. After step 108, in which the starter operation is released by the control device, the starter can then be started, for example, by manually actuating the corresponding switch for starting the engine.

In step 110, it can additionally be checked whether the drive program has not been changed to a drive level, for example by operating the selector lever of the control unit. If it is found that the vehicle is inadvertently moving, the starter release is advantageously withdrawn by the transmission control unit in step 112 and a command to switch off the engine is given to the engine control unit.

A method for starter release in a double clutch transmission with parking lock is explained below with reference to FIG. 16: In a step 120 it is checked whether the ignition is switched on and the selector lever is in P. If this is the case, it is checked in step 122 whether the clutches are disengaged. If not, the clutches are disengaged in step 124 and the system returns to step 122. If the clutches are disengaged, it is checked in step 126 whether there is a starting request, ie a starter switch is actuated. If not, the system returns to step 122. If there is a starting request, the starter mode is released in step 128, ie the engine is started.

It goes without saying that the method according to FIG. 16 can be supplemented by steps 110 and 112 from FIG. 15.

Furthermore, the method can be FIG. 16 are modified such that step 128 takes place immediately after step 122, so that the starter can then be started manually.

It is advantageous if, in the abovementioned starting processes, at the latest when the starter is activated, a starting gear is engaged or a check is carried out to determine whether a starting gear is engaged and, if not, a starting gear is engaged. This has the advantage that when shifting to a gear (e.g. D or P) you can start immediately by closing the respective clutch after starting and do not have to wait until a gear is engaged.

As already explained, the engaged gear to be engaged or to be engaged advantageously depends on the gear with which the driver drove for the last time in the previous drop cycle. This consideration of the last gear used in the starting gears is particularly advantageous in the case of a double clutch transmission according to FIG. 11, since the starting gears (for example 1st and 2nd gear) must be engaged sequentially and therefore require a certain amount of time. In a double clutch transmission, the first and second forward gears or a forward start gear and the reverse gear are advantageously engaged as starting gears. As a result, there is no need to wait for a gear to be engaged either when shifting into a forward gear or when shifting into reverse and can be started immediately by closing the clutch.

For high starting safety, it is advantageous to engage the coupling associated with the selected starting gear when the operating unit is switched to one gear step and at the same time to release the vehicle brake or the parking lock.

So that the information about the last-used driving gear is retained, in particular when the vehicle is parked, it is expedient, when the vehicle is at a standstill, to change the setting of the operating unit of the transmission, if the setting of the operating unit continues for a predetermined period of time , When shifting the selector lever from one gear position to the parking position or in the opposite direction, the selector lever may pass other gear positions and neutral. However, these intermediate stages should be ignored when they pass, i. H. Whenever one of these intermediate stages is recognized by the selector lever position sensors, the conversion into a corresponding gear set command should be delayed. The delay time is to be selected so that the normal driver would pass the intermediate position within this time span when the selector lever is actuated, for example 250 ms. This ensures that the transmission is ready to start quickly and that the starting gear (s) do not have to be engaged first.

It goes without saying that the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 can be modified in a variety of ways, the basic ideas of the invention being further implemented, namely parking a vehicle provided with an automated gearbox, in particular a parallel gearbox or dual clutch gearbox, in such a way that an unintentional rolling away is prevented from being put into operation in such a way that it is only started when this is actually intended, and that it can still be started quickly and comfortably because a the respective starting gear is already engaged. It goes without saying that individual ideas of the invention can also be used advantageously in conventional automatic transmissions.

The term parking lock was used to mean a device for holding the vehicle at a standstill. Such a parking lock can be a "classic" mechanical parking lock which, for example, blocks the transmission output shaft and is actuated, for example, by means of a Bowden cable which leads from the operating unit 46 to the transmission 40. Alternatively, at least to release the parking lock, an actuator can be provided which is controlled by a control unit. Instead of a mechanical parking lock, a parking brake operated by at least one actuator and belonging to the braking system of the vehicle can be provided. The actuator or actuators can be integrated in the transmission actuation unit, with a single shift-select actuator switching both partial transmissions and the parking lock.

With regard to features of the invention not explained in detail above, reference is expressly made to the claims and the drawing.

The attached claims are proposed without prejudice to achieve further protection. The applicant reserves the right to claim further combinations of features that are only disclosed in the description and / or the drawings.

With regard to the state of the art, the subjects of the subclaims can form separate and independent inventions on the priority date, so that the applicant reserves the right to make them the subject of independent claims or divisional applications.

The features described can be combined with one another in different ways. The exemplary embodiments are not to be understood as a restriction of the invention. The patent claims submitted with the application are proposals for formulation without prejudice for the achievement of further patent protection. The applicant reserves the right to claim further combinations of features previously only disclosed in the description and / or drawings.

Back-references used in subclaims indicate the further development of the subject matter of the main claim by the features of the respective subclaim; they are not to be understood as a waiver of the achievement of independent, objective protection for the combinations of features of the related subclaims.

Since the subjects of the subclaims can form their own and independent inventions with regard to the prior art on the priority date, the applicant reserves the right to make them the subject of independent claims or declarations of division. They can also contain independent inventions which have a design which is independent of the objects of the preceding subclaims.

The exemplary embodiments are not to be understood as a restriction of the invention. Rather, numerous changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present disclosure, in particular such variants, elements and combinations and / or materials, which, for example, by combining or modifying individual ones in conjunction with and described in and in the general description and embodiments and the claims Features or elements or process steps contained in the drawings can be removed by the person skilled in the art with regard to the solution of the task and, by means of combinable features, lead to a new object or to new process steps or process step sequences, also insofar as they relate to manufacturing, testing and working processes.

Claims

claims

1.Procedure for controlling the detachability of an ignition key and for actuating a parking lock in a vehicle with an automatically actuated transmission when changing gears are carried out by means of at least one actuator and transmission positions can be selected by means of a selector device, with a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and an additional transmission arranged between the transmission and the vehicle wheels, which the parking lock can be activated by means of the selection device when the vehicle is stationary or has a low driving speed or can be switched into an N-operating state in which its output shaft is freely rotatable, decoupled from the input shaft, in which The detachability of the ignition key is only released if the transmission is in the P operating state and the additional transmission is not in the N operating state.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when an absence of a control pulse required to operate the vehicle is determined.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when it is determined that the driver of the vehicle has left the vehicle and the selection device is in a driving position.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the parking lock is activated after determining an error situation.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when an error condition of the selection device is detected in a driving position and a drive motor of the vehicle is switched off.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when an error condition of the selection device is detected in a driving position and the vehicle is moving at low speed.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when a fault condition of a transmission control is detected and the drive motor is switched off.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the parking lock is activated when it is determined that the energy for actuating the transmission has failed.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the parking lock is activated by means of a mechanical spring device.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the parking lock is deactivated when the service brake of the vehicle is actuated and a driving position or a neutral position of the transmission is selected by means of the selection device.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the activated parking lock is deactivated by means of the actuator and is kept deactivated by means of a holding actuator.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the activated parking lock is deactivated by means of the selection device.

13. Device for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated transmission, with a mechanical spring device which activates the parking lock and an electrically operated actuator controlled by means of a selection device which deactivates the activated parking lock and a holding actuator which keeps the deactivated parking lock deactivated.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized by a mechanical emergency release device actuated via the selection device, by means of which the activated parking lock can be deactivated.

15. Device for actuating a parking lock of an automatically operated transmission, with a selection device for controlling an actuator that activates the parking lock, characterized in that a spring device is provided against which the selection device for activating the parking lock can be moved, by means of the detection of the Movement of the selection device, the actuator is activated to activate the parking lock and the selection device is locked after activation of the parking lock.

16.Method for controlling the operability of an additional transmission of a vehicle, which additional transmission is arranged between a transmission which can be switched into a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft, and the vehicle wheels and can be switched into an N-operating state in which its output shaft is from decoupled from the input shaft is freely rotatable, in which method the additional transmission can only be switched to the N state when the transmission is not in its P state.

17. An apparatus for controlling the detachability of an ignition key in a vehicle, which has a transmission with a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and an additional transmission arranged between the transmission and the vehicle wheels, which can be switched into an N-operating state in which its Output shaft is decoupled freely rotatable from the input shaft, which device contains a detection device for detecting the operating state of the transmission, a detection device for detecting the operating state of the auxiliary transmission, a locking device for locking or releasing the detachability of an ignition key and a control unit connected to the detection devices and the locking device , in which the control unit controls the locking device in such a way that the detachability of the ignition key is released when the automatic transmission is in the P operating state and the additional transmission is not in the N operating state.

18. Device for controlling the operability of an auxiliary transmission of a vehicle, the auxiliary transmission being arranged between a transmission which can be switched into a P-operating state blocking the rotatability of an output shaft and the vehicle wheels and can be switched into an N-operating state in which its output shaft Decoupled from the input shaft freely rotatable, which device contains a detection device for detecting the operating state of the transmission, a detection device for detecting the operating state of the auxiliary transmission, a locking device for locking the switchability of the auxiliary transmission in the N state and one with the detection devices and the locking device connected control unit, the control unit controlling the locking device in such a way that the additional transmission is only visible in its N state when the transmission is not in its P state.

19. A method of stopping a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission, comprising the following steps: a) checking whether the vehicle is stationary and the ignition is off, if yes b) checking whether a starting gear is engaged, if yes c) checking whether the clutch indented, if yes d) end of the parking procedure.

20. A method for parking a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock, comprising the following steps: a) checking whether the ignition is off and parking lock engaged, b) checking whether a starting gear is engaged, if yes, c) checking whether the clutch is engaged, if yes d) ending the shutdown procedure.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the starting gear engaged in step b) depends on the gear that was engaged in the previous operating cycle of the vehicle.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the automated manual transmission is an automated double clutch transmission with two partial transmissions and clutches assigned to them, in which method in step b) a gear is shifted in each partial transmission and in step c) both clutches are closed ,

23. A method for stopping a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock, comprising the following steps: a) checking whether the ignition is off and the parking lock engaged, b) checking whether all gears are engaged, if so, c) checking whether the clutch actuation has been completed , if yes f) ending the shutdown procedure.

24. The method according to claim 19, wherein in an additional step before step d) it is checked whether a hand brake is actuated.

25. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein the peelability of a

The ignition key is only released if all procedural steps are fulfilled.

26. A method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission, comprising the following method steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on and the engine off, if yes b) checking whether the brake is actuated, if yes c) checking whether the clutch is disengaged , if yes d) Release starter operation.

27. The method as claimed in claim 26, comprising the following steps a) after step d): check whether the vehicle is moving with or after rotation of the engine without a change in the driving program to a gear step, if yes b) withdrawal the starter release and switching off the engine.

28. A method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock, comprising the following method steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on and parking lock engaged, if yes b) checking whether the clutch is disengaged, if yes c) checking whether Start request, if yes d) Activate starter.

29. A method for releasing a starting process in a vehicle equipped with an automated manual transmission with a parking lock, comprising the following procedural steps: a) checking whether the ignition is on and the parking lock engaged, if yes b) checking whether the clutch is disengaged, if yes c) releasing the starter operation, so that the starter can be operated.

30. The method according to any one of claims 26, 28 and 29, wherein in the step in which the disengagement of the clutch is checked, the disengagement of both clutches is checked in a dual clutch transmission.

31. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 30, wherein a starting gear is engaged at the latest during activation of the starter.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the starting gear depends on the gear in which the vehicle was driven in the previous operating cycle.

33. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein in a dual clutch transmission, at the latest during activation of the starter, the first and the second forward gear are engaged or a forward start gear and the reverse gear are engaged.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein when the transmission is shifted into a gear, the clutch associated with the selected starting gear is engaged and the vehicle brake or parking lock is released.

35. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 34, wherein when the vehicle is at a change in the setting of an operating unit of the transmission, an ent speaking of the transmission state takes place only if the setting of the control unit continues for a predetermined period of time.

36. Device for performing the method according to one of claims 5 to 35, comprising an operating unit for setting an operating state request for an automated manual transmission, an actuating unit for shifting gears of an automated manual transmission, an actuating unit for at least one arranged between a motor and the automated manual transmission Coupling, an ignition switch, a starter switch, a starter for the engine, a device for holding the vehicle at a standstill and an electronic control device which is connected to the aforementioned modules and controls their operation according to the process steps.

37. The device according to claim 36, wherein the device for holding the vehicle at a standstill is at least one of the following devices: mechanical parking lock, for example by means of a Bowden cable between the operating unit and the transmission or via a control device that can be actuated by an actuator at least detachably from a control device via at least one actuator braking system.