EP1588967B1 - Conveyor table - Google Patents

Abstract

The device on a feed table (1), for the transporting of sheet-form material from a sheet feeder to especially a printing press, has a number of conveyor belts (2) driven endless around the feed table. A number of aerating holes (6) in the form of nozzles distributed over the whole surface of the guide section (5) of the feed table are provided on the outer side of the conveyor belts, and a blast air feed is provided in such a way that it is connected at least partially to the aerating holes so that the guide sections are charged with blast air over part of or all of the surface. An independent claim is included for a method for the feed of sheets on a feed table, preferably a suction belt table, from a sheet feeder to a sheet processing machine.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

For feeding sheets to sheet processing machines, z. As sheet-fed presses, the sheets are first separated from the top of a sheet stack in a sheet feeder and offset from one another output as a sheet current. Furthermore, as a rule, after the separation of a sheet, its transport is required over a certain distance up to a contact area of the sheet-processing machine. Usually, the sheets of increased throughput are transported because of in a scale flow to the sheet processing machine. But it is also possible a single sheet feed. When transporting the sheets from the sheet feeder to the sheet-processing machine, therefore, so-called belt tables are in use, which allow a stream of sheets that are unterschuppt against each other, or even sheets safely. Particularly advantageous in this case are so-called suction belt tables. Suction tapes are below the bow leading top of at least one box-shaped cavity, are guided over the conveyor belts in the form of suction belts. Suction belts are usually in the form of apertured flat belts. For transporting the sheets over the suction belt table, the suction belts are driven by at least one shaft arranged at one end of the suction belt, a first so-called belt roller, deflected by a second shaft or belt roller at the other end of the suction belt table and held in a straight position by a tensioning device , When transporting the sheet by means of the suction belts, a suction air supply is arranged for holding the sheet to the suction belts on the underside of the suction belt, by means of which the cavity is acted upon in the suction belt table. This suction air supply can be designed as a simple fan or as a blower connection.
Following the end of the belt table a so-called investment table is provided on the front or top marks for aligning the sheet leading edge are arranged in the transport direction and a so-called side mark for lateral alignment of the sheet.
In the case of large-format sheet-processing machines, it has additionally become known to support the conveyance of the shingled stream of sheets over the belt table with the aid of additional conveyor belts laterally outside the effective range of the suction belts. These additional conveyor belts, also called support belts, are designed as simple flat belts and are not subjected to suction. The additional conveyor belts or support belts usually run around with the surface above the table surface around the belt table and thus facilitate the transport of the sheet in the outside of the suction belts resting on the belt table area.

The suction belt tables known in this way have various disadvantages. Since the laterally arranged additional conveyor belts, depending on the sheet size in the region of the edge of the sheet to be conveyed, it may already come during normal sheet transport disruption. Therefore, a complicated lateral adjustment of the conveyor belts may be required to remove them from the area of the sheet edges. This is especially important if the sheet edge used for the page orientation of the sheet comes to rest in the area of the conveyor belts. There is a great danger that the sheet edge will hang in the direction of the page orientation on one of the conveyor belts and the sheet warps during the shift. Proper alignment before feeding the sheet to the sheet processing machine is then no longer possible. In addition, the auxiliary belts tend to scratch sensitive sheets on their underside.

Furthermore, from the DE 44 13 089 C2 a method and an apparatus for the shallow feeding of sheet-shaped substrates to a printing press known. Therein a conveyor table is described which has exhaust openings in the area between and adjacent to the suction belts. This is intended to produce an air flow counter to the conveying direction of the conveyor table in order to reduce adhesion or electrostatic charging of the underfolded sheet guided on the conveyor table on the surface of the conveyor table.

A disadvantage of the device is that the exhaust openings are only selectively or linearly arranged in the front, the printing press facing area of the conveyor table. It has proved to be very disadvantageous that the outflowing air is directed against the conveying direction of the conveyor table, since in this way the air is supplied to the leading edge of each sheet. This air flow acts particularly strong at the exit point. Therefore, in this case, the sheets tend to flutter because the blast air enters between the leading edges of the sheets.

The aim of the invention is therefore to improve the belt table so that the sheet transport can be designed easily in a simple manner, with large formats no delivery resistances occur and the sheets are not damaged by the delivery process.

The object of the invention is to further develop a generic belt table such that the sheet transport in any operating position, especially in the application of very large sheet sizes safely designed and easily readjusted, while the risk of scratching the sheet should be eliminated.

The solution of this task is designed according to the features of claim 1.

The conveyor table is equipped, at least in its lateral guide areas, with a pneumatic device for the planar production of a thin air cushion. For this purpose, blast air supplies and areal distributed blowing openings are provided in the guide areas.

The solution to this problem is particularly advantageous in that the sheet guide does not require the use of lateral support bands and designed in a very simple manner and can be readjusted. In addition, the sheets are guided in a very advantageous manner over the side table area, without the risk of scratching on sensitive sheet surfaces. This applies in particular to film materials, for example.

The device of a planar blast air supply can also be provided in the region between the conveyor belts, so that the advantageous effect of the scratch-free guidance is also shown here.

Advantageously, so-called blow-suction nozzles can be used in the blowing openings. These are to be supplied with blown air under higher pressure but at a lower flow rate.

Excess air from the air cushion can be removed at the front end of the conveyor table facing the sheet-processing machine via special openings in the table surface from all guide areas. At the same time this can be done via aeration devices parallel to any suction belts used within the surface of the conveyor table. Venting can also be done actively by suction.

In the following, an embodiment of the invention is illustrated in more detail with reference to drawings.

Figur 1

eine Gesamtansicht eines Saugbändertisches,

Figur2

einen Längsschnitt durch einen Saugbändertisch,

Figur 3

einen Ausschnitt aus dem Saugbändertisch und

Figur 4

eine Ansicht des Saugbändertisches von unten.

Show:

FIG. 1

an overall view of a suction belt table,

Figur2

a longitudinal section through a suction belt table,

FIG. 3

a section of the suction belt table and

FIG. 4

a view of the Saugbändertisches from below.

In FIG. 1 is a conveyor table or Saugbändertisch 1 shown. The conveyor table or suction belt table 1 has a box-shaped cavity 7, not visible here (see FIG FIG. 2 ) on. About this cavity 7, one or more conveyor belts are guided in the form of apertured suction belts 2. The suction belts 2 are arranged on the two in the transport direction and here not shown belt rollers 4.1, 4.2 supported and driven. Furthermore, 2 arrangements of tension rollers 4.3 may be provided in the path of the suction belts. The cavity 7 in the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 is directly with a fan 3 (see Fig. 2 ) or by means of a vacuum hose with a blower and is vented from this. In this way, air is drawn through the suction belts 2 and their openings and each resting on the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 sheet B is held there firmly and moved in the stroke of the suction belts 2 forward.
Parallel to the suction belts 2 1 ventilation means may be provided in the conveyor table or suction belt table. These essentially serve to prevent suction air effects emanating from the suction belts 2 into the guide areas of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 in addition to the suction belts 2.
Laterally of the suction belts 2, a guide region 5 is provided in each case in the outer region of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1. The guide areas 5 are made of low-friction material with possibly structured surface. The guide areas 5 serve to better guide the area of the sheet B overhanging outside the suction belts 2 on the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 - which grinds on the conveyor table or suction belt table 1. This is especially important for very large sheet sizes.
Furthermore, there is also a guide area between the suction belts 2, on which the sheets B are ground.

In the transport direction T, the sheet B in front of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 usually a sheet feeder (not shown here) is arranged, in which the sheet B are separated from the top of a sheet pile. The sheets B are then fed to the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 via a guide plate 11. On the side discharging in the direction of transport T, a sheet-processing machine, eg a printing press, can be connected to the delivery table or suction belt table 1 with a delivery table 12 as shown here. As part of the investment table 12, a side mark 13 is indicated. The page mark 13 guides the sheet B with its side edge against a stop to set the lateral position before the supply of the sheet B to the sheet processing machine. Another side mark 13 may also be arranged on the opposite side of the investment table 12.

In FIG. 1 Furthermore, a sheet B to be processed is shown in its position before the page orientation on the side mark 13. Visible is an edge used to B.1 about in the middle of the Leitbereiches 5. In the sheet transport on the conveyor table or Saugbändertisch 1 but also in a Seitenausrichtbewegung in the direction of the arrow in the direction of the page mark 13 of the arc B is thus a relative be large contact surface on the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 to move.

In order to avoid obstructions which can lead to distortion B distorting the sheet B, ventilation openings 6 are provided in the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 in the guide areas 5 substantially over the entire area of the guide areas 5. These ventilation openings 6 can be designed as circular openings or as nozzle-shaped openings. In the embodiment as nozzles, they can be adjustable in their effective direction in the plane of the surface of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 or relative to its surface. The blowing direction is essentially aligned in the transport direction T, but can also be oriented transversely thereto. The nozzles can also be designed as so-called blow-suction nozzles.
Furthermore, it can be provided that even in a central guide region 5.1 between the suction belts 2 distributed ventilation openings 6 or nozzles are arranged.

In FIG. 2 now the structure of the conveyor table or Saugbändertisches 1 is shown in longitudinal section. Here, the ventilation openings 6 are only in the cutout view of FIG. 3 shown.
The supply of the ventilation openings 6 with blown air takes place according to FIG. 3 preferably in groups, but it can also be provided individually. For this purpose, individual or combined blast air feeds 8 and / or air chambers 9 are arranged on the underside of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1, but in the region of the guide areas 5. The air chambers 9 are then assigned again single or combined Blasluftzuführungen 8. The air chambers 9 can On the other hand, be designed as part of the table surface of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1. In FIG. 3 the air chambers 9 are arranged laterally of the cavity 7 for supplying the suction belts 2 with air. In the case of integration, the cavity 7 could extend over the entire table surface and the air chambers 9 can be separated from the cavity 7.

The air chambers 9 is associated with a common system of air ducts 8. Dashed line, the position of the fan 3 for supplying the suction belts 2 with suction air through the cavity 7 is shown.

Preferably, as in FIG. 2 shown, the ventilation openings 6 are arranged within each of the guide portions 5 in parallel to the suction belts 2 arranged rows. The blast air supply 8 may be summarized in any form for each row. Depending on the sheet format and the coverage of the guide areas 5, the Blasluftzuführung 8 can be switched on or switched off to the rows of ventilation openings 6. For this purpose, a control of the Blasluftzuführung 8 is provided for example via electrically switchable valves 15 (see FIG. 4 ). This control can be performed influenced by the machine control when entering the sheet format.

It is also possible to supply groups of ventilation openings 6 via air chambers 9 (10) by means of air to the air chambers 9 (10) arranged fan with blowing air.

The arrangement and grouping of the air supply devices can be carried out in the middle guide region 5.1 between the suction belts 2 in the same way as described above.

In FIG. 3 is a section of the conveyor table or Saugbändertisch 1 after Fig. 2 shown. Shown is the table surface in the region of the guide area 5. In this guide area 5, the ventilation openings 6 are provided. An air chamber 9 is connected to the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 in the area of the ventilation openings 6. This is parallel to the cavity 7 at the bottom of the conveyor table or Saugbändertisches 1. At the air chamber 9 is a Blasluftzuführung 8 connected. The Blasluftzuführung 8 includes a switchable valve 15 for connecting or disconnecting the Blasluftzufuhr.

It is essential that the exiting blown air forms only a relatively thin layer, virtually a film, on carrying air. It is also important that no blowing air enters between the sheets B. Therefore, the blast air is to blow at low pressure with relatively high volume

The direction of the blast air emerging from the ventilation openings 6 can be used to convey the sheet B in the transport direction T. Furthermore, when the blowing direction of the ventilation openings 6 is oriented in the direction of the opposite lateral edges of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 or at an angle between 0 and 90 degrees to the direction of the outer edges of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1, a tightening effect on the sheets B can be achieved , The nozzles can be designed for this purpose in their direction of action individually or in groups adjustable.

To influence the airborne effect, the nozzles can also be made adjustable in their discharge angle to the plane of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1. For example, for heavier materials or materials with a relatively rough surface, a steeper jet angle for the nozzles may be selected.

In FIG. 4 the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 is shown from below. Here, the cavity ventilating fan 3 is arranged centrally. Furthermore, the band rollers 4.1 and 4.2 for guiding the suction belts 2 (not shown here) are shown. Finally, groups of air chambers 9, 10 are arranged laterally of the fan 3.
At the top of the illustration air chambers 9 are arranged in two rows parallel to the transport direction T. These air chambers 9 each hold small partial surfaces of the guide regions 5 for air supply together. The size of these air chambers 9 can be varied, for example, in the transport direction T.
The air chambers 9 are provided with each other with a Blasluftzuführung 8. The one blast air supply 8 additionally has remote-controllable valves 15 (flaps), to be able to limit or switch on or off the air supply quantitatively or locally.
At the bottom of the illustration air chambers 10 are arranged in a row parallel to the transport direction T. These air chambers 10 each hold larger partial surfaces of the guide regions 5 than the air chambers 9 for air supply together. The size of the air chambers 10 has been varied in the transport direction T.
The air chambers 10 are also provided with each other with a Blasluftzuführung 8. The one Blasluftzuführung 8 additionally has remotely controllable valves 15 (flaps) to limit the air supply quantity or local or to be able to switch off or on.
By means of the valves 15 so the air supply is controlled by an air chamber 9, 10 to the next possible. In addition, it may be possible, for example, to supply the foremost air chamber 9, 10 with increased air pressure. Depending on the arrangement of the valves 15 and their controllability various operating modes are possible.

Overall, of course, all subregions of the guide areas 5, which have, for example, chambers 9, 10 with each other coupled ventilation openings 6, both similar and different are supplied with blast air. It may therefore be that at the outer edges of the guide regions 5, a lower air pressure is set to avoid the blowing up of the edges. Likewise, a lower air pressure can be set at the ends of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 lying in the transporting direction T. In the same way, an asymmetric pressure distribution over the surface of the conveyor table 1 can be set. The same applies to the setting of the enforced air volume, which is to carry the bow B.

When submerged with carrying air, there may be problems in aligning the respective foremost sheet B in the area of the feed table 12 of the sheet-processing machine, eg a printing machine, because the sheets B may not be safe against the alignment marks because of the air layer. Therefore, in the region of the outlet-side end of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 near the transition to the feed table 12 following the guide areas 5 and 5.1, one or more arrangements of relief bores 14 can be provided. These relief bores 14 are preferably below the conveyor table or Saugbändertisches 1 connected to the environment and without pressure. By means of the relief bores 14, excess carrying air can escape from the region below the foremost sheet B to be aligned. This ensures that the sheet B safely reaches all the required alignment elements in the feed table 12.
In addition, the guide areas 5 and 5.1 are vented in a simple manner along the suction belts 2, if the suction belts 2 ventilation devices are assigned to eliminate creeping suction, as described above.

Furthermore, the arrangement of the relief bores 14 may also be provided with an air discharge device in order to actively remove the remaining air cushion from the area under the arch B. The active air removal can be controlled and switched off and on in the bow cycle.

Furthermore, the control of the air supply to the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 can be designed so that the blast air is switched off in the guide areas 5 and 5.1 during transport of the last to be processed sheet B sequentially from the inlet end to the downstream end. This avoids that the no longer fully lying under sheet B are lifted off the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 and are conveyed inaccurate.
For this purpose are in Fig. 4 8 different controllable valves 15 arranged in the Blasluftzuführungen.

In operation, the valves 15 are opened or closed in the process of casserole of the first sheets B or when draining the last sheets B from the conveyor table or suction belt table 1 respectively corresponding to the area just covered. This ensures that in the surface parts of the guide area 5, which is covered by arch B, still carrying air is blown. On the other hand, the supply of blown air is interrupted in the free or just released area, so that individual sheets B are not excited to flutter.

Preferably in the case of transversely aligned nozzles for the curved area in the running area of the conveyor table or suction belt table 1, the blowing air can be applied to the Exposed ends of the sheets B, ie at the beginning of the bow of the first sheet B or at the end of the sheet of the last sheet B are reinforced, so as to increase the tension effect of the bow B for a short time. For this purpose, the last nozzles can also be designed as so-called blow-suction nozzles. In the case of blow-suction nozzles, as a result of the special contour, an intake effect is additionally achieved by the outflowing air next to the air cushion, which effect is limited to the area of the blow-suction nozzle.

In an advantageous manner, nozzles in further surface parts or else all nozzles in the guide regions 5 and 5.1 can also be designed as blow-suction nozzles. Blow-suction nozzles are operated with higher air pressure at lower volume flow. Therefore, the air supply for the blow-suction nozzles can be made separately from other ventilation holes 6. This can be done as described in a simple manner by a group arrangement.

With the described features a perfect transport even very sensitive sheet materials on conveyor table or Saugbändertische large surfaces is possible. The invention may be further developed within the skill of the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

feed table

1

suction belt

2

Fan

3

bands roll

4.1

bands roll

4.2

idler

4.3

conducting region

5

middle guidance area

5.1

ventilation opening

6

cavity

7

blown air

8th

air chamber

9

air chamber

10

baffle

11

feed table

12

page brand

13

relief opening

14

Valve

15

bow

B

Scalloped

B.1

transport direction

T

Claims (24)

1. A device on a conveying table (1), preferentially on a suction conveyor table, for the transporting of sheet material in a sheet stream lying shingled from a sheet feeder to a sheet processing machine, more preferably a sheet-fed rotary printing press, with one or a plurality of transport conveyors, for example with suction conveyors (2) suppliable with suction air, which suction conveyors can be driven and are continuously routed about the conveying table (1), with a blowing device, which outside the routing region of the transport conveyors in the region of guiding regions (5) of the conveying table (1) arranged laterally of and parallel to the transport conveyors, blows air under the sheet stream, characterized in that at least in the guiding regions (5) on the outside of the transport conveyors (2) a plurality of individual vent openings (6) substantially distributed over the entire surface of the guiding regions (5) is provided and that a blowing air feed (8) is provided in such a manner that it is at least partially coupled for vent openings (6) in such a manner that the guiding regions (5) can be substantially supplied with blowing air in part surfaces or the whole surface.
2. The device according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the guiding regions (5) and/or in a metal guiding region (5.1), which is arranged between the transport conveyors (2), vent openings (6) are provided.
3. The device according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that the vent openings (6) are embodied as nozzles.
4. The device according to Claim 1 characterized in that the vent openings (6) are embodied as blowing-suction nozzles.
5. The device according to Claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the vent openings (6) are partially embodied as blowing-suction nozzles.
6. The device according to Claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the vent openings (6) in the region of the discharge end of the conveying table (1) are embodied as nozzles orientated from the middle of the conveying table (1) to each of the lateral edges.
7. The device according to Claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the vent openings (6) in the region of the inflow end and in the surface in front of the discharge end of the conveying table (1) are embodied as nozzles orientated in transport direction (T) of the conveying table (1).
8. The device according to Claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the vent openings (6) are embodied as nozzles which can be adjusted individually or in groups with respect to their blowing direction in the plane of the conveying table (1) and/or relative to the plane of the conveying table (1).
9. The device according to Claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the vent openings (6) of each guiding region (5) can be jointly supplied with compressed air.
10. The device according to Claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the vent openings (6) of each guiding region (5) can be supplied with blowing air jointly by groups.
11. The device according to Claim 1 to 10, characterized in that the vent openings (6) are arranged parallel to the transport conveyors in rows and each row can be jointly supplied with blowing air.
12. The device according to Claim 1 to 11, characterized in that each individual vent opening (6) or vent openings (6) combined into groups are assigned an air chamber (9, 10) on the feed side, wherein each vent opening (6) communicates with an air chamber (9, 10) and that each air chamber (9, 10) or that groups of air chambers (9, 10) respectively can be supplied with blowing air separately or jointly.
13. The device according to Claim 12, characterized in that the air chambers (9, 10) are part of the conveying table surface of the conveying table (1).
14. The device according to Claim 1 to 13, characterized in that in the region of the discharge end of the guiding region (5 or 5.1) of the conveying table surface of the conveying table (1) one or a plurality of relief openings (14) is provided, through which the excess air can flow out of the region of the sheets (B) to be conveyed below the conveying table surface.
15. The device according to Claim 14, characterized in that the relief openings (14) are provided with an air discharge device.
16. The device according to Claim 14 & 15, characterized in that the air discharge device of the relief openings (14) sucks out air and can be operable in the conveying cycle.
17. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device is provided by means of which following the sensing of the format of a sheet (B) to be processed with respect to the position of the edges of the sheet (B) in its positioning within the guiding regions (5) an adjusting device for influencing the air supply can be activated in such a manner that when approaching the edge (B.1) of the sheet (B) of a boundary of an associated guiding region (5) is determined the air supply to the vent openings (6) or groups of vent openings (6) can be switched on or off.
18. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control device is provided by means of which an adjusting device for influencing the air supply can be activated in such a manner that upon conveying of the first or last sheet (b) to be processed respectively via the conveying table (1) the air supply to vent openings (6) or to groups of vent openings (6) for the respectively associated guiding regions (5) can be sequentially switched off substantially in accordance with the surface of the conveying table that is being vacated or remains switched on in covered regions of the conveying table (1).
19. The device according to Claim 18, characterized in that within blowing air feeds (8), assigned to groups of vent openings (6) or to individual air chambers (9, 10) or to groups of air chambers (9, 10), valves (15) are provided and that the valves (15) can be switched by a control dependent on the operating state of the conveying table (1) for the switching on or switching off of the air supply to the guiding regions (5) or to parts of the guiding regions (5).
20. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blowing air supply dependent on the type of the print material according to base weight and/or surface characteristics and/or air permeability and/or scratch sensitivity can be changed at least with respect to the feed pressure and/or the fed air rate.
21. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blowing air supply with respect to the location of the conveying surface within a guiding region (5) can be changed locally differently at least with respect to the feed pressure and/or the supplied air rate.
22. A method for sheet conveying on a conveying table (1), preferentially on a suction conveying table, in a sheet stream lying shingled from a sheet feeder to a sheet processing machine by means of one or a plurality of suction conveyors (2) suppliable with suction air, which can be driven and are continuously routed about the conveying table (1), wherein by means of a pneumatic device outside the guiding region of the transport conveyors in the region of guiding areas (5, 6) of the conveying table (1) arranged laterally off and parallel to the transport conveyors, air is blown under the sheet stream, characterized in that at least in the guiding regions (5) on the outside of the transport conveyors by means of a plurality of individual vent openings (6) substantially over the entire surface of the guiding regions (5) a uniform air cushion is generated under the sheet stream, wherein by means of vent openings (6) at least partially coupled via blowing air feeds (8) the guiding regions (5) substantially in part surfaces can be differently supplied with blowing air.
23. The method according to Claim 22, characterized in that in the guiding regions (5) on the outside of the transport conveyors and/or in middle guiding regions (5.1) between the transport conveyors by means of a plurality of individual vent openings (6) a uniform air cushion substantially over the entire surface of the guiding regions (5) is generated under the sheet stream, wherein by means of vent openings (6) at least partially coupled via blowing air feeds (8) the guiding regions (5) and (5.1) respectively can be substantially supplied differently with blowing air in part regions.
24. The method according to Claim 23, characterized in that in part regions within the guiding regions (5) and (5.1) respectively by means of the blowing air feeds (8) at the start of sheet conveying with the first sheet (B) running up on to the conveying table (1) in transport direction (T) the blowing air feed is switched on sequentially with the coverage by the first sheet (B) following one another as far as to the supply of the entire guiding regions (5) and/or that in the part regions within the guiding regions (5) by means of the blowing air feeds (8) upon termination of sheet conveying with the last sheet (B) leaving the conveying table (1) in transport direction (T) the blowing air supply is switched off sequentially with the exposure by the last sheet (B) following one after the other up to the switching off of the entire guiding regions (5) and (5.1) respectively.

Images