EP1582337A1 - Press, punch press or forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a rack, with a lower part having a clamping plate, a driver having an upper section supporting the lower part where a clamp and an upper part turns a propelable shaft are coupled over thrust mechanism and the clamping plate is movable by tappets. Guides are adjustable in a vertical direction and held at the rack. The mechanism (22, 23) is adjustable and stored in a vertical direction of the upper plate. 15). The guides covers guide columns (25) which store guide bearings (27, 28). The guide columns at the tappets (20) are fixed and the bearings are held at the rack (12).

Description

The invention relates to a press or a stamping or forming machine with a frame that has a frame top, a frame base and the Gestelloberteil on the frame base supporting stand, wherein the Base frame comprises a clamping plate and the frame top one rotatably driven eccentric shaft receives, over at least one Push device with a relative to the platen reciprocable Tappet is coupled, by means of guide elements in vertical Direction slidably held on the frame.

To workpieces by means of such presses or stamping or forming machines Precise machining and avoid premature tool wear to be able to, it is necessary that the platen and this facing end face of the plunger aligned as parallel to each other are. Such parallelism can in many cases by the guide elements ensured by means of which the plunger in the vertical direction slidably held on the frame. Will the ram during the forming process However, applied with off-center forming forces, so this can lead to a tilting of the plunger. Especially when using Modular multistage tools will be the punching or forming machine often burdened with relatively high off-center forming forces. in the Course of the forming operations, there is a shift in the center of gravity, wherein the plunger can be excited to tilting oscillation. This in turn affects the machining quality of the workpieces.

Object of the present invention is a press or a punching or Forming machines of the type mentioned in such a way that the Improved quality of workpiece machining and tool wear is reduced.

This task is in a press or in a stamping or forming machine the generic type according to the invention solved in that the at least one pushing device in the vertical direction displaceable on Gestelloberteil is stored.

In the invention, the idea flows in that the tilting stiffness of the tappet guide Can be significantly improved by not only the plunger with Help of guide elements slidably held on the frame, but in addition, the pushing device, via which the plunger to a back and forth Movement is driven relative to the clamping plate, slidably on Gestelloberteil is stored. Such a configuration has the advantage that caused by the drive of the plunger transverse forces in the frame top can be initiated, so that the plunger drive side only is subjected to a vertically oriented driving force while Horizontal forces are absorbed by the frame top. In addition, you can eccentrically on the plunger attacking forming forces on the sliding bearing the pushing device are transferred to the frame top. The Danger of unintentional displacement or tilting of the plunger is thereby significantly reduced, so that to achieve highly precise workpieces and long tool life required parallelism between the front the plunger and the top of the platen is improved. Furthermore the tappet guide elements are loaded significantly less.

To guide the plunger on the frame, the guide elements guide columns include, which are slidably mounted in guide bushes. It can be provided, for example, that the guide columns fixed to the frame are and the guide bushes are held on the plunger.

It is particularly favorable if the guide columns are fixed on the plunger and the guide bushes are held on the frame. There can be four with the ram follower guide columns are used, which in rolling or sliding guides are guided. The sliding guides can be hydrodynamic or hydrostatically lubricated. It can be both flat guides as well Round guides are used.

It is particularly advantageous if the guide columns each by means of a first guide bush, preferably a sliding or rolling guide, above a strip running plane and by means of a second guide bush, preferably a sliding or rolling guide, slidable below a strip running plane are stored. When using four guide columns, this results in an 8-fold Storage of the plunger on the frame, and additionally comes in accordance with the invention a guide means for slidably supporting the thruster used on the frame top. The 8-fold storage by means of rolling guides has the advantage that the guide columns both above and guided under the strip running plane with preloaded rolling elements without play can be. Here, the distance between the rolling guides of a guide column be a multiple of the maximum lifting height of the plunger, and this In turn, it makes it possible to design the tappet guide particularly tipping.

It can be provided that the press or the stamping or forming machine comprises only a single pushing device, with the help of the Tappet is drivable to a reciprocating motion.

It is particularly advantageous if the press or the stamping or forming machine has two spaced thrust devices, which are each slidably mounted on the frame top, because In addition, the tilting rigidity can be improved.

The eccentric shaft can be in the tape running direction or transversely to the direction of tape travel be aligned.

Preferably, the pusher has a rotatable on the eccentric shaft held connecting rod on and connected to the plunger pushing mechanism, wherein the connecting rod is articulated to the thrust mechanism and the Thrust mechanism by means of a guide device in the vertical direction displaced is mounted on the frame top. By means of the connecting rod and the pushing mechanics the eccentric rotary motion of the eccentric shaft can be converted into a and reciprocating the ram are converted, at the same time due ensuring the guidance of the push mechanism on the frame top, the occurring horizontal forces are absorbed by the frame top.

The thrust mechanism can be designed as a structural unit, for example via a bolt or a ball joint facing away from the eccentric shaft End of the connecting rod is connectable. The assembly can be one-piece or be designed in several parts. For example, it may be provided that the Thrust mechanism includes a push rod over which the movement of the pleule is transferable to the plunger, wherein the push rod by means of the guide in vertical direction is slidably mounted on the frame top.

Preferably, the guide means has a non-displaceable in the vertical direction held on the frame top guide bushing, in which the thrust mechanism is slidably mounted. The storage can hereby means of a Sliding or rolling guide done.

As low it has been proven when the thrust mechanism held on the plunger Push rod comprises, by means of the guide means on the frame top is slidably mounted. Preferably, the push rod is at its Longitudinal axis rotatably held on the plunger.

As already explained, can by means of the sliding bearing of the thruster the quality of machined workpieces can be improved and Tool life can be extended. In addition, by the slidable mounting of the thruster the load on the plunger guide elements be reduced. A further improvement in the quality of workmanship becomes in a particularly preferred embodiment by achieved that the press or the punching or forming machine for adjustment the effective length of the pushing device has an adjusting device, with which the effective length is adjusted even during operation can be and arranged on the frame, preferably on the frame top is. It has been shown that the quality of the machined workpieces and the Tool life from the position of the bottom dead center of the plunger are dependent. Especially during acceleration phases and due to Temperature changes may cause the bottom dead center of the Change plunger, and to such a change during the ongoing operation of the press or punching or forming machines To counteract, the adjusting device is used, with their help the effective length of the pusher can be changed. The adjusting device is hereby arranged on the frame, d. H. on a stationary component. This minimizes the number of moving parts and the life The press or the punching or forming machine can be extended become. In addition, its reliability can be increased.

The adjustment of the effective length of the thrust device can be constructive simple manner be achieved in that the thruster rotatable has on the eccentric shaft held connecting rod and a first, to the Connecting rod hinged push rod and a second, connected to the plunger Push rod, wherein the two push rods by means of the adjusting in vertical direction relative to each other are displaceable. The pushing device can be designed telescopically in such an embodiment, by one of the two push rods in a receptacle of the other push rod dips and by means of the adjusting relative to the other push rod is displaceable.

It can be provided, for example, that the two push rods on a Thread are interconnected, wherein a push rod by means of Adjustment device relative to the other push rod about the threaded axis is rotatable.

Preferably, the second push rod is non-rotatable and longitudinally displaceable in a rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation by means of the adjusting device Guide bushing stored. It may be provided, for example, that the second push rod by means of a feather key rotationally fixed in the guide bush is held. The guide bush can by means of the adjusting to a vertical axis of rotation to be twisted. This rotational movement is due to the rotatable connection transferred to the second push rod, with the first push rod is bolted and by the rotational movement relative to first push rod is displaceable.

The rotatable around the vertical axis of rotation second push rod engages behind a particularly preferred embodiment of its guide bush opposite free end a rigidly connected to the plunger cover plate, having a penetrated by the second push rod through hole. At the free end of the second push rod, a thrust transmission element be set, which held rotatably in a receptacle of the plunger is.

The rotary drive of the guide bush is preferably carried out by means of a on Frame rotatably mounted worm, which by means of a drive motor is rotationally driven and with an external toothing of the guide bush combs. The guide bush thus forms a worm wheel, which is of the motor driven worm is set in rotation. The drive motor is arranged in a preferred embodiment in the frame top. He can, for example, as an electric motor or as a hydraulic or Be configured pneumatic engine.

It is advantageous if the second push rod about a vertical axis of rotation is rotatably held on the plunger.

In a structurally particularly simple embodiment of the invention Press or stamping or forming machine forms the first Push rod a threaded spindle, which is in a bore of the second push rod is screwed. The threaded spindle can at its the connecting rod facing end have a blind bore into which the free end of the Pleuels dives, by means of a bolt or a ball joint around a horizontal pivot axis is pivotally supported on the threaded spindle.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Darstellung eines Stanz- oder Umformautomaten und

Figur 2:

eine Schnittansicht längs der Linie 2-2 in Figur 1.

The following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawings for further explanation. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a schematic representation of a stamping or forming machine and

FIG. 2:

a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1.

In the drawing is a schematic total with the reference numeral 10th occupied punching or forming machine shown with a frame-like Frame 12, which has a frame base 14 and a frame top 15. The Gestelloberteil 15 is arranged by means of four at the vertices of a rectangle Stand 16 supported on the frame base 14.

On Gestelloberteil 15 is a plurality of rolling or sliding bearing 19 a Eccentric shaft 18 rotatably mounted, of a known and therefore in the drawing, not shown drive motor rotatably driven is. The eccentric shaft 18 serves to drive a plunger 20, the two identically designed thrust devices 22, 23 with the eccentric shaft 18th is coupled.

On the plunger 20 are each a stand 16 adjacent a total of four guide columns 25 fixed, each by means of a first rolling guide 27 am Gestelloberteil 15 and by means of a second rolling guide 28 on the frame base 14 are mounted displaceably in the vertical direction. The first rolling guides 27 are above a tape plane 30 and the second Wälzführungen 28 are positioned below the tape running plane 30. The tape running plane 30 here forms the plane within which workpieces to be machined be positioned during operation of the punching machine 10.

The plunger 20 has an end face 32, which is a platen 34 of the Frame bottom 14 faces. At the front 32 can upper tools and mounted on the platen 34 associated lower tools are used to process the workpieces in the stripline plane 30th

The coupling of the plunger 20 with the eccentric shaft 18 via the thruster FIGS. 22 and 23 become clear, in particular, from FIG. The pushing devices 22 and 23 each have a rotatably mounted on the eccentric shaft 18 Connecting rod 36 and 37, with its facing away from the eccentric shaft 18 End is hinged to a thrust mechanism 39 and 40, via which the vertical Movement of the connecting rods 36 and 37 on the plunger 20 is transferable.

The thrust mechanisms 39 and 40 are configured identically. They include in each case a first push rod in the form of a threaded spindle 42, at its have a receptacle 43 facing the respective connecting rod 36 or 37, in which the free end of the associated connecting rod 36 or 37 dips. The receptacle 43 is of a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the eccentric shaft 18th aligned bolt 44, at which the connecting rod 36 and 37, respectively is held pivotally. Alternatively, could for articulated storage of the connecting rod 36, 37 are each used a ball joint.

The threaded spindle 42 is formed by a stepped blind bore 46th a second push rod 47 is added, wherein the connecting rod 36 and 37, respectively facing upper bore portion 49 of the blind bore 46 the recording 43 having region of the threaded spindle 42 in the circumferential direction surrounds and the threaded spindle 42 on the inner wall of the upper bore portion 49 lies flat. The upper bore portion 49 passes over a Stage 50 in a lower bore portion 51 via. This has an internal thread on, in which the threaded spindle 42 is screwed.

With its upper end portion 49 facing away from the upper end portion engages the push rod 47 has a through hole one with the plunger 20 bolted cover plate 53, and in the direction of the plunger 20 via the cover plate 53 projecting end of the push rod 47 is of an end cap 55 overlapped, which is bolted to the end face of the push rod 47 and rotatably held in a receptacle 57 of the plunger 20. The end cap 55 is covered by the cover plate 53 and is thus between the recording 57 and the cover plate 53 in the vertical direction immovable to a vertical However, rotational axis 59 is held freely rotatably on the plunger 20.

The plunger 20 facing away from the upper end portion of the push rod 47 is in a guide bush 61 slidably mounted in the vertical direction, wherein by means not shown in the drawing, the skilled person known per se Feathering a non-rotatable connection between the guide bushing 61 and the upper end portion of the push rod 47 is ensured.

The guide bushing 61 has a toothing 62 along its outer circumference which meshes with a worm 64 which is in a guide bush 61 in Surrounding circumferential direction and on a bottom 66 of the Gestelloberteils 15th fixed sleeve 68 is rotatably mounted. The screw 64 is connected to a known in the art and therefore in the drawing to achieve a better overview not shown motor, preferably a servomotor, in rotary connection.

For machining a workpiece, the plunger 20 to a reciprocating motion are driven relative to the clamping plate 34. For this purpose, the Eccentric shaft 18 rotated. Because of their eccentric storage lead the connecting rods 36, 37 a reciprocating motion, which over the bolt 44 and the threaded spindle 42 is transmitted to the push rod 47, the in turn, transmits the reciprocating motion to the plunger 20. The push rod 47 is in this case displaceable in the guide bush 61 in the vertical direction stored. The guide bushing 61 thus forms a guide device for the push rod 47 and ensures that of the connecting rods 36 and 37 on the push rod 47 exerted horizontal forces on the guide bushing 61 and sleeve 68 are transferred to the frame top 15, while vertically aligned forces freely transmitted to the plunger 20 become. If the plunger 20 is off-center when machining a workpiece subjected to forming forces, the resulting Horizontal forces also on the push rod 47 and the guide bushing 61 are transferred to the Gestelloberteil 15.

Is it due to temperature changes or due to acting mass forces to a change in the position of the bottom dead center of the plunger 20, Thus, the effective length of the thrusters 22, 23 during the current Operation of the punching machine 10 can be changed. For this purpose, the activated with the screw 64 coupled motor so that of the screw 64th a rotational movement on the guide bush 61 and the rotation with this connected push rod 47 can be transferred. This leads to a Relative movement between the push rod 47 and the threaded spindle 42nd This relative movement has due to the threaded connection of the two parts a relative movement of the push rod 47 relative to the threaded spindle 42nd result, whereby the effective length of the thrusters 22, 23 is changed.

Claims (15)

Press, stamping or forming machine with a frame having a frame top, a frame base and the frame top supporting frame on the frame base, wherein the frame base comprises a clamping plate and the frame top receives a rotatably driven eccentric shaft via at least one pushing device with a relative to the platen coupled to reciprocable plunger, which is held by means of guide elements in the vertical direction displaceable on the frame, characterized in that the at least one thrust device (22, 23) is mounted displaceably in the vertical direction on the frame top (15). Press, punching or forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide elements comprise guide columns (25), which are mounted displaceably in guide bearings (27, 28). Press, punching or forming machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide columns (25) are fixed to the plunger (20) and that the guide bearings (27, 28) are held on the frame (12). Press, stamping or forming machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide columns (25) each by means of a first sliding or rolling guide (27) above a strip running plane (30) and by means of a second sliding or rolling guide (28) below a Bandiaufebene (30) are displaceably mounted. Press, punching or forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press or the stamping or forming machine (10) has two spaced apart thrust devices (22, 23). Press, stamping or forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one thrust device (22, 23) has a connecting rod (36, 37) rotatably supported on the eccentric shaft (18) and one connected to the plunger (20) Thrust mechanism (39, 40), wherein the connecting rod (36, 37) with the thrust mechanism (39, 40) is hingedly connected and the thrust mechanism (39, 40) by means of a guide device (61) in the vertical direction slidably mounted on the frame top (15) is. Press, punching or forming machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide device has a guide bush (61) held immovably in the vertical direction on the upper frame part (15), in which the pusher mechanism (39, 40) is displaceably mounted. Press, stamping or forming machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the thrust mechanism (39, 40) on the plunger (20) held push rod (47) which is displaceably mounted by means of the guide means (61) on the frame top part (15) is. Press, stamping or forming machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the press or the stamping or forming machine (10) for adjusting the effective length of the pushing device (22, 23) during operation of the press or punching - Or forming machines (10) has an adjusting device (61, 64) which is arranged on the frame (12). Press, stamping or forming machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one thrust device (22, 23) has a connecting rod (36, 37) rotatably supported on the eccentric shaft (18) and one hinged to the connecting rod (36, 37) first push rod and a push rod (20) connected to the second push rod (47), wherein the two push rods (42, 47) by means of the adjusting device (61, 64) are displaceable relative to each other in the vertical direction. Press, punching or forming machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the two push rods (42, 47) are connected to one another via a thread, wherein a push rod (47) by means of the adjusting device (61, 64) relative to the other push rod (42) is rotatable about the thread axis. Press, stamping or forming machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the second push rod (47) is mounted non-rotatably and longitudinally displaceable in a guide bush (61) rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation (59) by means of the adjusting device (61, 64). Press, punching or forming machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the adjusting device has a rotationally driven, on the frame (12) rotatably mounted screw (64) which meshes with an outer toothing (62) of the guide bush (61). Press, stamping or forming machine according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the second push rod (47) is held rotatably about the plunger (20) about a vertical axis of rotation (59). Press, stamping or forming machine according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the first push rod forms a threaded spindle (42) which is screwed into a bore (46) of the second push rod (47).

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