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EP1554534B1 - Echangeur de chaleur a plaques empilees - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur a plaques empilees Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1554534B1
EP1554534B1 EP03750472A EP03750472A EP1554534B1 EP 1554534 B1 EP1554534 B1 EP 1554534B1 EP 03750472 A EP03750472 A EP 03750472A EP 03750472 A EP03750472 A EP 03750472A EP 1554534 B1 EP1554534 B1 EP 1554534B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
accordance
plate heat
plates
exchanger device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03750472A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1554534A1 (fr
Inventor
Karsten Emrich
Daniel Hendrix
Joachim Kopp
Wolfgang Kramer
Florian Moldovan
Jens Richter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1554534A1 publication Critical patent/EP1554534A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1554534B1 publication Critical patent/EP1554534B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0082—Charged air coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/104—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with parallel flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plate heat exchanger in stack construction according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Plate heat exchangers in stack construction were by the DE-A 43 14 808 and DE-C 195 11 991 the applicant known. This construction is cost-effective for heat exchangers insofar as a large number of relatively simply designed identical parts are used.
  • the heat exchanger can be manufactured with a single plate type that is rotated 180 degrees during assembly and stacking.
  • the DE-C 195 11 991 In one embodiment, two different plate types are used to achieve different channel heights. This is particularly advantageous if the heat exchanger of a liquid and a gaseous medium, for. B. coolant and charge air of an internal combustion engine is flowed through.
  • the connecting pieces for the charge air and the coolant are in this stacked plate heat exchanger either all on one side, z. B. the top or on two sides, ie the top and bottom of the heat exchanger.
  • the inlet and outlet ports are generally aligned with distribution and collection channels within the heat transfer block, and the heat exchange media flow across the distribution and collection channels through flow channels between the stacking plates or heat transfer plates. This results in one for both media double 90 ° deflection, which increases the pressure drop in the heat exchanger. In particular, for the guidance of the charge air, such a pressure drop is undesirable.
  • the exhaust gas heat exchange device has a plurality of units, each of which is formed by a pair of laminating plates which are laminated and bonded together by means of soldering.
  • inlet and outlet boxes with inlet and outlet nozzles are placed on the end faces of the heat exchanger block.
  • the boxes are formed from a bent sheet metal and two beyond the end faces protruding end plates.
  • the sockets are arranged in alignment with each other.
  • the inlet or outlet connection can also be connected to the inlet or outlet box at a predeterminable angle of up to 90 °.
  • the all-metal construction For example, made of steel or aluminum, are maintained for this heat exchanger, which can thus be soldered as a whole "in one shot" in the soldering oven.
  • the inlet and outlet boxes can also be designed as independent structural units and are connected to the heat exchanger block, for example by welding or gluing, regardless of the soldering process, in particular after the soldering process.
  • the coolant flow is hermetically sealed against the second medium, for example with respect to the charge air or the exhaust gas.
  • the flow channels for the second medium are immediately adjacent to the flow channels for the coolant, but the charge air flow channels at the two end faces of the heat exchanger block are largely open.
  • turbulence plates can be arranged in the flow channels for the charge air or for the exhaust gas, which are soldered to the adjacent plates and thus provide increased strength of the heat exchanger block.
  • Also in the flow channels for the coolant turbulence plates can be arranged in an analogous manner.
  • the distribution and collection channels for the coolant are formed by cup-like characteristics of both plates.
  • the characteristics lie on each other and are soldered in the area of their contact surfaces, so that there are continuous channels for the coolant.
  • Alternatives such as intermediate rings or sleeves and nested channel sections are also possible.
  • cup-like characteristics are formed outside the heat transfer block, whereby a better management of the second medium within the heat exchanger block is possible.
  • the flow channels for the charge air are formed by a special plate type having lateral folds. These folds are either angled to an L-profile or twice to a C-profile and thus form contact surfaces with the respective adjacent discs. In the area of these contact surfaces or contact surfaces, the discs are soldered together and thus form the outward flow channels for the charge air, d. H. also the lateral end walls of the heat exchanger block.
  • Fig. 1 shows a charge air / coolant radiator 1 in stack construction for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle with a coolant and charge air circulation, not shown.
  • the charge air / coolant radiator 1 consists in its core of a heat exchanger block 2, which is closed at the top by a cover plate 3 and the front side by air boxes 4, 5.
  • the heat exchanger block 2 is flowed through on the one hand by coolant, which enters through a arranged on the top 3 coolant inlet nozzle 6 and exits through a likewise arranged on the top 3 coolant pipe 7 again.
  • the (heated by a compressor, not shown) charge air enters via a centrally arranged on the air box 4 inlet nozzle 8 in the charge air / coolant radiator 1 and leaves this cooled by a non-visible aligned arranged outlet nozzle, which is arranged on the outlet box 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows the charge air / coolant radiator 1 without the air boxes 4 and 5 according to Fig. 1
  • the heat exchanger block 2 has an open end face 9 and a closed side face 10 and is covered at the top by the end plate 3 and at the bottom by a closure plate 11.
  • the upper plate 3 projects beyond the end face 9 with a region 3a and the lower plate 11 with a region 11a.
  • These two areas 3a, 11a thus form the side surfaces of the air box 4 (FIG. Fig. 1 ), which is bent from a sheet metal.
  • the air box 5 ( Fig. 1 ) is thus analogous to the air box 4 is formed.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the heat exchanger block 2, which is constructed of two different stacked plate types with turbulence inserts.
  • the plate of the first type is a so-called coolant plate 12, and the plate of the second type is a so-called charge air plate 13.
  • the coolant plate 12 has two circular openings 15, 16 (both plates become Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 described in more detail).
  • Between both plates 12, 13 are turbulence plates 14 for arranged the charge air entering via the open end face 9 in the heat exchanger block 2.
  • the heat exchanger block 2 has a closed side surface 10, which is formed by folds 13 a of the charge air plates 13.
  • the opposite side surface (not visible in this illustration) has an analogous design.
  • Fig. 4 shows the heat exchanger block 2 in a view from the front, ie with a view of the end face 9 and in the flow direction of the charge air.
  • the heat exchanger block 2 is thus composed of the coolant plates 12 and the charge air plates 13, which are alternately stacked.
  • the coolant plate 12 has a trough-shaped recess 17, from which two cup-like elevations 18, 19 are pronounced, which in the interior of the openings 15, 16 (see. Fig. 3 ) exhibit.
  • the coolant disc 12 is (in the drawing) closed at the top by a flat, circumferential fold 12 a. On this fold 12a is the charge air disc 13, which thus forms with the fold 12a a circumferential contact surface for the soldering of the two plates 12, 13 in this area.
  • the charge air plate 13 extends laterally beyond the fold 12a and has there on both sides folds 13a in the form of a C-profile.
  • the upper and the lower (in the drawing horizontal) leg of the C-profile form each with the lower and upper legs of the adjacent C-profiles contact surfaces for soldering.
  • Escaping to the cup-like characteristics 18, 19 of the coolant plates 12 corresponding, oppositely directed forms 20, 21 are arranged on the charge air plates 13, so that when stacking the plates 12, 13 each forms 18, 20 and 19, 21 are superposed and thus one from above down through continuous distribution channel 22 and a collecting channel 23 form the coolant.
  • Coolant inlet and coolant outlet are marked by arrows labeled KME and KMA.
  • the flow channels for the coolant thus correspond to the trough-shaped recesses 17, in which also turbulence plates, not shown, are arranged. Between each of a coolant plate 12, ie the air side and an adjacent charge air plate 13 turbulence inserts 14 are arranged, which are thus part of flow channels 24 for the charge air. As already mentioned, the charge air enters the heat exchanger block 2 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and flows through this in a straight direction - apart from the deflections due to the cup-like characteristics 18 to 21.
  • Fig. 5, 5a to 5c show different views of the coolant plate 12th Die Figures
  • 5a and 5b show the rectangular, rounded at the corners plate 12 with two diagonally arranged openings 15, 16, which are punched out of the plate.
  • the plate 12 is deep-drawn and has the recess 17 (see. Fig. 5c ), the upper edge of which merges into the circumferential flange or fold 12a. Close to the recess 17 in the region of the openings 15 and 16, the cup-like characteristics 18, 19 at.
  • the illustration shows only rectangular plates 12, other geometrical shapes are also conceivable, in particular if the cup-like forms are arranged outside the main flow direction.
  • Fig. 6, Fig. 6a and Fig. 6b show the charge air plate 13 in different views, again using the previous reference numbers.
  • the charge air plate 13 corresponds in plan ( Fig. 6a ) of the coolant plate 12, but is slightly wider in the direction of the bends 13a.
  • the charge air plate 13 has a flat portion 13b, which has at least the size that it covers the fold 12a of the coolant plate 12.
  • the folds 13a form a C-profile with a vertical surface 13a and a horizontal surface 13c. The latter is in the stacking according to Fig. 4 on the underside 13b of the adjacent charge air plate 13 at.
  • From the flat part 13b of the charge air plate 13, the two cup-like shapes 20, 21 are formed with punched-out openings 25, 26, which coincide with respect to their position with the characteristics 18, 19 and the openings 15, 16 of the coolant plate 12.
  • Fig. 7 shows a section of a modified embodiment of a heat exchanger block 27 with modified charge air plates 28.
  • the latter have a fold or a vertically raised edge 28a having a height h such that an overlap a with the adjacent charge air plate 28 given and thus a contact surface for the Soldering is created.
  • Fig. 8 shows an enlarged section of the heat exchanger block 2 Fig. 4 with the charge air plate 13 and the double fold 13a, 13c to a C-profile.
  • This charge air plate 13 is in Fig. 6 shown as a single part. It can be seen here how the upper leg 13c of the C-profile rests against the underside of the flat part 13b of the charge air plate 13 and thus forms a soldering surface.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further modification of a heat exchanger block 29 with a charge air plate 30 and a modified coolant plate 31, the fold 32 is extended to the outside.
  • the charge air plate 31 has - as well as in Fig. 6 shown - a C-shaped edge profile 30a, 30c, so that the extended fold 32 comes to lie on the leg 30c of the C-profile and thus forms a soldering surface.
  • On the fold 32 of the flat portion 30b of the charge air plate 30 is located.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further modification of a heat exchanger block 33 with a modified coolant plate 34 and a charge air plate 35 with a vertical bend 35 a.
  • the coolant plate 34 has an outwardly extended flange 36 which is angled down to a vertical Abkant Chemistry 36 a. Both surfaces 35 a of the charge air plate 35 and 36 a of the coolant plate 34 abut each other and thus form a soldering surface to form a closed flow channel for the charge air.
  • Fig. 11 shows a further modification of a heat exchanger block 37 with a modified coolant plate 38 and a charge air plate 39, which in turn has a C-shaped Abkantprofil 39a, 39c.
  • the coolant plate 38 has a circumferential fold 40, which is followed by a downwardly offset over a shoulder strip 40a.
  • This strip 40a abuts against the underside of the leg 39c of the C-profile of the charge air plate 39 and thus forms a soldering surface.
  • On the upper side of the leg 39c is the flat part 39b of the charge air plate 39, so that in this area three wall thicknesses are superimposed.
  • All parts of the embodiments described above are preferably made of an aluminum alloy, partly with solder plating, and can therefore be brazed hard in the soldering furnace, "in one shot". These plate heat exchangers are therefore sorted and recyclable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques, de type empilé, se composant d'une multiplicité de plaques (12, 13) d'un premier et d'un deuxième type, empilées les unes sur les autres, pour la formation de canaux d'écoulement prévus pour un premier et un deuxième milieu, où les plaques (12, 13) forment un bloc d'échangeur de chaleur (2) comprenant un dessus et un dessous et comprenant aussi, à chaque fois, deux surfaces latérales (10) et surfaces frontales (9) se faisant face l'une l'autre, et où les premiers canaux d'écoulement prévus pour le premier milieu sont fermés côté circonférence et sont en communication fluidique avec des canaux distributeurs et collecteurs disposés perpendiculairement au plan des plaques, canaux distributeurs et collecteurs qui débouchent à chaque fois dans des tubulures d'entrée ou de sortie (6, 7) disposées sur le dessus et / ou le dessous (3, 11), où les deuxièmes canaux d'écoulement (24) sont configurés en étant en majeure partie ouverts sur les surfaces frontales (9) et fermés sur les surfaces latérales (10), et où les côtés ouverts (9) forment un plan d'entrée et de sortie pour le deuxième milieu,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un caisson d'entrée et un caisson de sortie (4, 5), prévus pour le deuxième milieu, se raccordent au niveau des surfaces frontales (9), et les caissons d'entrée et / ou de sortie (4, 5) sont formés par des bandes de tôle recourbées et par des plaques de recouvrement (3a, 11a ; 3b, 11b) dépassant des surfaces frontales (9).
  2. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le caisson d'entrée et de sortie (4, 5) est réalisé à chaque fois comme un ensemble indépendant et peut être assemblé avec le bloc (2) de l'échangeur de chaleur.
  3. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les caissons d'entrée et de sortie (4, 5) présentent des tubulures d'entrée et de sortie (8) alignées entre elles.
  4. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les tubulures d'entrée et de sortie (8) sont disposées au niveau des caissons d'entrée et de sortie (4, 5) suivant un angle pouvant être prédéfini et allant jusqu'à 90° par rapport à la direction principale d'écoulement.
  5. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la plaque (12) du premier type présente un évidement (17) comprenant une feuillure plane circulaire (12a), en ce que la plaque (13) du deuxième type présente une zone plane (13b) recouvrant la feuillure (12a), et en ce que les plaques (12, 13) du premier et du deuxième type sont assemblées l'une à l'autre dans la zone de la feuillure (12a) et comprennent, situé entre elles, le premier canal d'écoulement prévu pour le premier milieu.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deuxièmes canaux d'écoulement (24) prévus pour le deuxième milieu sont disposés en étant à chaque fois voisins des premiers canaux d'écoulement.
  7. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les canaux distributeurs et collecteurs (22, 23) sont disposés entre les plaques (12, 13) et formés par ces tronçons de canaux de liaison (18, 19 ; 20, 21).
  8. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons de canaux sont configurés comme des parties saillantes (18, 19 ; 20, 21) en forme de cuvette et formés à partir des plaques (12, 13).
  9. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les parties saillantes (18, 19 ; 20, 21) en forme de cuvette sont disposées en dehors de la direction principale d'écoulement.
  10. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que des tôles de turbulence (14) sont disposées dans les premiers et / ou deuxièmes canaux d'écoulement (24).
  11. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les plaques (13) du deuxième type présentent des parties chanfreinées latérales (13a) qui ferment, vers l'extérieur, les deuxièmes canaux d'écoulement (24), et forment les surfaces latérales (10).
  12. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les parties chanfreinées (28a) sont simplement coudées et forment un chevauchement a avec la partie chanfreinée (28a) de la plaque voisine (28) du deuxième type.
  13. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les parties chanfreinées (13a) sont coudées deux fois et présentent un profil (13c) en C qui s'applique sur une plaque voisine (13) du deuxième type.
  14. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les parties chanfreinées (30a) présentent un profil (30c) en C qui s'applique sur la plaque voisine (31, 32) du premier type.
  15. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les plaques (34) du premier type présentent des parties chanfreinées latérales (36a), et en ce que les parties chanfreinées (36a, 35a) du premier et du deuxième type de plaques (34, 35) sont dirigées en sens opposé et disposées en s'appliquant l'une contre l'autre.
  16. Echangeur de chaleur à plaques selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la partie chanfreinée (39a) est coudée deux fois et présente un profil en C comportant une branche libre (39c) qui vient en appui, d'une part, sur la plaque voisine (38, 40a) du premier type et, d'autre part, sur la plaque voisine (39, 39b) du deuxième type.
  17. Refroidisseur d'eau / d'air de suralimentation comprenant un échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16.
  18. Refroidisseur d'eau / de gaz d'échappement comprenant un échangeur de chaleur à plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16.
EP03750472A 2002-10-10 2003-09-01 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques empilees Expired - Lifetime EP1554534B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10247264 2002-10-10
DE10247264A DE10247264A1 (de) 2002-10-10 2002-10-10 Plattenwärmeübertrager in Stapelbauweise
PCT/EP2003/009675 WO2004036134A1 (fr) 2002-10-10 2003-09-01 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques empilees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1554534A1 EP1554534A1 (fr) 2005-07-20
EP1554534B1 true EP1554534B1 (fr) 2008-04-23

Family

ID=32049216

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03750472A Expired - Lifetime EP1554534B1 (fr) 2002-10-10 2003-09-01 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques empilees

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7237604B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1554534B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100501294C (fr)
AT (1) ATE393367T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003270133A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0315180A (fr)
DE (2) DE10247264A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2305487T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004036134A1 (fr)

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CN100501294C (zh) 2009-06-17
DE10247264A1 (de) 2004-04-29
US7237604B2 (en) 2007-07-03
AU2003270133A1 (en) 2004-05-04
US20060011333A1 (en) 2006-01-19
EP1554534A1 (fr) 2005-07-20
CN1688856A (zh) 2005-10-26
DE50309707D1 (de) 2008-06-05
ATE393367T1 (de) 2008-05-15
WO2004036134A1 (fr) 2004-04-29
BR0315180A (pt) 2005-08-23
ES2305487T3 (es) 2008-11-01

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