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EP1488181A1 - Installation for the heat-treatment of parts - Google Patents

Installation for the heat-treatment of parts

Info

Publication number
EP1488181A1
EP1488181A1 EP03714799A EP03714799A EP1488181A1 EP 1488181 A1 EP1488181 A1 EP 1488181A1 EP 03714799 A EP03714799 A EP 03714799A EP 03714799 A EP03714799 A EP 03714799A EP 1488181 A1 EP1488181 A1 EP 1488181A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loading
opening
lock
unloading
rotary hearth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03714799A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1488181B1 (en
Inventor
Horst Becker
Friedhelm Kühn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Original Assignee
LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LOI Thermprocess GmbH filed Critical LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Publication of EP1488181A1 publication Critical patent/EP1488181A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1488181B1 publication Critical patent/EP1488181B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0037—Rotary furnaces with vertical axis; Furnaces with rotating floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/39—Arrangements of devices for discharging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F27B9/028—Multi-chamber type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/045—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/18—Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
    • F27D1/1858—Doors
    • F27D2001/1891—Doors for separating two chambers in the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for heat treatment of workpieces, with a cyclically rotating rotary hearth furnace, which has an outer and an inner wall that delimit an oven space that is divided by means of vertically movable doors into a heating zone and at least one treatment zone, the outer wall in the heating zone has a closable opening for loading or unloading, with a transport device for transporting the workpieces into or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device.
  • Such a system is known from DE C1 34 27 716. It is a system for hardening individual parts with a rotary hearth furnace and a hardening press.
  • the rotary hearth furnace has a lock-like loading or unloading zone which is formed by means of vertically movable doors arranged on both sides next to the loading and unloading opening. After opening the furnace door, the workpieces can be removed individually from this loading or unloading zone using a loading and unloading robot and transferred to the hardening press.
  • the cycle time ie the time between loading and unloading a workpiece in or out of the rotary hearth furnace is relatively long in the known system, since one only opening is used for both loading and unloading. Therefore, there is also a need to minimize the cycle time.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a system of the type mentioned which can be used universally and whose cycle time is short.
  • the rotary hearth furnace has two closable openings, both of which are used for loading and unloading or one for loading only and the other for unloading only.
  • a lock is in front of the second opening.
  • a quench bath is directly connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of this lock.
  • the system according to the invention can be used universally. In addition, the cycle time can be minimized and the hourly throughput of workpieces increased.
  • the two openings are arranged next to one another with a small circumferential distance, the circumferential distance between the first and the second opening preferably being essentially 45 °. Depending on the space available in individual cases, the circumferential distance can also be up to 90 °.
  • the first opening is preceded by a lock for loading, so that the first opening is used exclusively for loading.
  • the second opening will only be used for unloading.
  • the first opening is arranged vertically above the furnace space.
  • the first opening is preceded by a loading lock in the vertical direction, which is designed as an elevator lock known per se, with a transport device for the horizontal transport of the workpieces. So that the loading opening can be relatively tight or immediate be arranged next to the removal opening. This has the advantage that the furnace space available for the heat treatment can be optimally used.
  • both the lock and any loading lock which may be present are gas-tight.
  • the locks have at least one lock door that is essentially perpendicular to the opening in the outer wall.
  • the lock door is therefore in a side wall of the lock.
  • the quenching bath which is connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock, is accordingly arranged on a side wall of the lock.
  • a second quenching device is preferably connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock.
  • This can be a gas quenching chamber or another quenching bath. This increases the flexibility of the system considerably, since the workpieces can be quenched at different temperatures.
  • the two quenching devices are arranged on the opposite side walls of the lock.
  • a transport device in the form of an impact device is preferably assigned to at least one opening.
  • the batch is transported in a simple manner into the removal lock by means of the pusher device and from there is transferred into the quenching bath adjoining the removal lock.
  • an impact device can also be used here.
  • the workpieces, which are packed in batches in baskets or similar containers, are transported into the lock by means of the pusher and from there transferred to the rotary hearth furnace.
  • One of the vertically movable doors is located between the first opening and the second opening, so that a zone is separated between loading and unloading.
  • At least one additional vertically movable door for changing the length of the heating and / or treatment zone.
  • the additional door can be used for zone separation if necessary. All doors can be controlled individually and can therefore be moved individually.
  • the invention also provides a rotary hearth furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces, with a cyclically rotatable rotary hearth, with an outer and an inner wall which delimit an oven space which is divided into vertically movable doors in a heating zone and at least one treatment zone, with a closable loading and discharge opening, which is arranged in the outer wall, adjacent to the heating zone.
  • the rotary hearth furnace is characterized in that a second closable loading and unloading opening is arranged in the outer wall, adjacent to the heating zone and at a distance from the first loading and unloading opening, and in that the rotary hearth can be rotated in both directions.
  • the rotary hearth furnace according to the invention offers the choice between two loading and unloading options.
  • Both loading and unloading openings can be used for both loading and unloading. Both loading and unloading openings are located adjacent to the heating zone, so that when each opening is loaded, it is ensured that the workpieces, after they have been introduced into the furnace chamber, reach the heating zone directly. It is only necessary to change the direction of rotation of the lathe accordingly. This significantly improves the functionality of the rotary hearth furnace.
  • the heating zone preferably extends between the first and the second loading and unloading opening over a range of essentially 90 °.
  • At least two treatment zones are provided, each of which adjoins the heating zone and which can be set differently with regard to the treatment temperature and treatment atmosphere.
  • the lock is accordingly preferably gas-tight.
  • doors are provided on both sides immediately next to the first loading and unloading opening, so that a loading and unloading zone is formed which can be heated.
  • the invention also provides a system with a rotary hearth furnace according to the invention, with a transport device for transporting the workpieces into or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device, characterized in that a lock is arranged in front of the second loading and unloading opening, that a second quenching device is provided, which is designed as a quench bath and which is connected to the second opening of the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock.
  • This system can be used particularly universally, since a quenching device is provided at each opening. Each opening is used for both loading and unloading. Depending on which of the two openings the workpieces get into the furnace, the direction of rotation of the rotary hearth furnace is changed so that the workpieces first reach the heating zone.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of a plant for heat treatment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a plant for heat treatment.
  • the system for hardening workpieces according to FIG. 1 has a rotary hearth furnace 1 which is cyclically rotatable only in one direction, namely in the clockwise direction.
  • the furnace space is divided into a heating zone 6 and three treatment zones 7, 8, 9, namely a first and a second diffusion / carbonization zone 7, 9, and a carbonation zone 8.
  • the doors 5a-5d can be raised vertically in a manner not shown.
  • the workpieces are located on batch carriers 10 in the form of grates.
  • a first closable opening 11 in the outer wall which is preceded by a gas-tight lock 12 for loading.
  • the opening 10 between the furnace chamber and the lock 12 can be opened or closed in a known manner by means of an oven door.
  • the lock 12 has a lock door 13, which is essentially runs at right angles to the opening 10 and which is alternately opened or closed for loading.
  • the batch carriers 10 with the workpieces are in a pre-oxidation furnace 14.
  • the batch carriers 10 are inserted from the lock 12 into the furnace chamber by means of a first impact device 15.
  • the batch carriers 10 first arrive in the heating zone 6 and from the heating zone 6 into the treatment zones 7, 8 and 9 as a result of the rotation of the rotary hearth.
  • the treatment zones are diffusion / carbonization zones in which the treatment temperatures and the treatment atmosphere differ are adjustable.
  • the treatment atmosphere or a neutral gas, for example nitrogen, can be located in the lock 12 and the loading lock.
  • a second closable opening 16 In the outer wall 2 there is a second closable opening 16, which is preceded by a gas-tight lock 17 for unloading. There is a circumferential distance of approximately 45 ° between the two openings 11 and 16.
  • a first quench bath 18 and a second quench bath 19, in which different temperatures prevail, are coupled to the lock 17 via lock doors (not shown in more detail) which run essentially at right angles to the opening 16.
  • the unloading of the individual batch carriers 10 with the workpieces at the end of the last treatment zone takes place by means of a second pushing device 20.
  • the unloading like the loading, is carried out in cycles.
  • the batch carrier 10, which has arrived at the end of the last treatment zone is transported and quenched after opening the second opening 16 by means of the pushing device 20 into the lock 17 and from there optionally into one of the two quenching baths 18, 19.
  • the second opening 16 is closed again after each removal process.
  • a vertically movable door 5d is located between the first opening 11 and the second opening 16, so that the loading and unloading take place in different zones, namely the heating zone 7 and the last treatment zone 9. Modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without further notice.
  • the circumferential distance between the two openings can deviate from 45 °.
  • the circumferential distance should be as small as possible, but can be up to 90 ° for reasons of space.
  • the second quenching device can be designed as a gas quenching chamber. Additional doors could be used to change the length of the heating zone and / or treatment zone.
  • FIG. 2 shows a rotary hearth furnace 21, which is used for heat treatment in the context of a method for hardening workpieces 22, and has a rotary hearth 23 which is cyclically rotatable in both directions.
  • the furnace space is divided by means of doors 26a-26e into a heating zone 27 and three treatment zones 28 to 30, namely a first and a second diffusion / carburizing zone 28, 30 and a carburizing zone 29.
  • the doors 26a-26d can be lifted vertically in a manner not shown.
  • first opening 31 for loading and unloading, to which doors 26a-26e are connected on both sides, so that a loading and unloading zone 32 is formed.
  • a furnace door 33 closes the first opening 31.
  • the loading is carried out in cycles.
  • the workpieces 22 on the rotary hearth 23 are guided through the treatment zones 28, 29 and 30.
  • the treatment temperature and the treatment atmosphere can be set differently in the diffusion / carbonization zones 28, 30.
  • the first diffusion / carbonization zone 28 is set up in such a way that the zone functions as a carbonation zone.
  • the workpieces that have arrived in the loading and unloading zone 32 are individually removed after opening the furnace door 33 and quenched in a hardening machine 35. Of course, the oven door 33 is closed again after each removal process.
  • a second closable opening 36 for loading and unloading is arranged in the outer wall 24 at a distance from the first opening 31 for loading and unloading.
  • the heating zone 27 extends over a range of approximately 90 °, which can be closed by a door 26b immediately behind the second opening 36 for loading and unloading.
  • the two openings 31, 36 are therefore each adjacent to the heating zone 27.
  • the direction of rotation of the rotary hearth is selected depending on which of the two loading and unloading openings 31, 36 is loaded. In any case, the workpieces enter the heating zone after loading.
  • a lock 37 with a cooling bath 38 in the form of an oil bath connects to the second opening 36 for loading and unloading.
  • the workpieces 22, which are located on batch carriers in a known manner, are introduced into the furnace chamber in the second loading and unloading opening 36 and are transported clockwise through the furnace chamber on the rotary hearth 23.
  • the second diffusion / carburizing zone 30 is set up as a carburizing zone and the first diffusion / carburizing zone 28 as a diffusion zone.
  • the heating zone 27 can thus extend over a larger area of the furnace space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Device for heat treating workpieces has an opening (16) for charging/discharging in the outer wall (2) of a rotary furnace (1) in a last treatment zone. The opening has a sluice (17). A quenching unit (18) formed as a quenching bath is connected to the furnace via a sluice. Preferred Features: The sluice is gas-tight. A further quenching unit (19) is connected to the furnace via the sluice and is formed as a quenching bath or as a gas quenching chamber. The temperature in the second quenching unit deviates from the temperature in the first quenching unit.

Description

Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken Plant for heat treatment of workpieces
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken, mit einem taktweise drehbeweglichen Drehherdofen, der eine Außen- und eine Innenwand aufweist, die einen Ofenraum begrenzen, der mittels vertikal beweglicher Türen in eine Aufheizzone und mindestens eine Behandlungszone unterteilt ist, wobei in der Außenwand in der Aufheizzone eine ver- schließbare Öffnung zum Be- oder Entladen angeordnet ist, mit einer Transporteinrichtung zum Transport der Werkstücke in oder aus dem Drehherdofen und einer Abschreckeinrichtung.The invention relates to a system for heat treatment of workpieces, with a cyclically rotating rotary hearth furnace, which has an outer and an inner wall that delimit an oven space that is divided by means of vertically movable doors into a heating zone and at least one treatment zone, the outer wall in the heating zone has a closable opening for loading or unloading, with a transport device for transporting the workpieces into or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device.
Eine derartige Anlage ist aus der DE C1 34 27 716 bekannt. Es handelt sich um eine Anlage für das Härten von Einzelteilen mit einem Drehherdofen und einer Härtepresse. Der Drehherdofen weist eine schleusenartige Be- oder Entladezone auf, die mittels beidseitig neben der Be- und Entladeöffnung angeordneten vertikal beweglichen Türen gebildet wird. Aus dieser Be- oder Entladezone können die Werkstücke nach dem Öffnen der Ofentür mit Hilfe eines Beschickungs- und Entladeroboters einzeln entnommen und in die Härtepresse überführt werden.Such a system is known from DE C1 34 27 716. It is a system for hardening individual parts with a rotary hearth furnace and a hardening press. The rotary hearth furnace has a lock-like loading or unloading zone which is formed by means of vertically movable doors arranged on both sides next to the loading and unloading opening. After opening the furnace door, the workpieces can be removed individually from this loading or unloading zone using a loading and unloading robot and transferred to the hardening press.
Es besteht das Bedürfnis, die Anlage universeller einzusetzen, d. h. nicht nur die Wärmebehandlung von Einzelteilen, sondern auch die Wärmebehandlung von ganzen Chargen, die sich auf Chargenträgern, z. B. Rosten befinden, zu ermöglichen. Ganze Chargen von Werkstücken werden in der Regel in einem Abschreckbad abgeschreckt.There is a need to use the system more universally, i. H. not only the heat treatment of individual parts, but also the heat treatment of entire batches that are on batch carriers, e.g. B. rust, to allow. Whole batches of workpieces are usually quenched in a quenching bath.
Die Taktzeit, d. h. die Zeit zwischen Be- und Entladung eines Werkstückes in bzw. aus dem Drehherdofen ist bei der bekannten Anlage relativ lang, da eine einzige Öffnung sowohl für das Be- und Entladen benutzt wird. Daher besteht auch das Bedürfnis, die Taktzeit, zu minimieren.The cycle time, ie the time between loading and unloading a workpiece in or out of the rotary hearth furnace is relatively long in the known system, since one only opening is used for both loading and unloading. Therefore, there is also a need to minimize the cycle time.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die universell einsetzbar und deren Taktzeit gering ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a system of the type mentioned which can be used universally and whose cycle time is short.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Anlage der eingangs genannten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in a system of the type mentioned by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Der Drehherdofen weist zwei verschließbare Öffnungen auf, die entweder beide zum Be- und Entladen oder eine ausschließlich zum Beladen und die andere ausschließlich zum Entladen genutzt wird. Der zweiten Öffnung ist eine Schleuse vorgelagert. Mittels dieser Schleuse ist ein Abschreckbad direkt mit dem Drehherdofen verbunden. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage ist universell einsetzbar. Außerdem kann die Taktzeit minimiert und damit der stündliche Durchsatz an Werkstücken erhöht werden.The rotary hearth furnace has two closable openings, both of which are used for loading and unloading or one for loading only and the other for unloading only. A lock is in front of the second opening. A quench bath is directly connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of this lock. The system according to the invention can be used universally. In addition, the cycle time can be minimized and the hourly throughput of workpieces increased.
Die beiden Öffnungen sind mit einem geringen Umfangsabstand nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei der Umfangsabstand zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Öffnung vorzugsweise im wesentlichen 45° beträgt. Je nach den Platzverhältnissen im Einzelfall kann der Umfangsabstand auch bis zu 90° betragen.The two openings are arranged next to one another with a small circumferential distance, the circumferential distance between the first and the second opening preferably being essentially 45 °. Depending on the space available in individual cases, the circumferential distance can also be up to 90 °.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der ersten Öffnung eine Schleuse zum Beladen vorgelagert, so dass die erste Öffnung ausschließlich zum Beladen benutzt wird. Folglich wird die zweite Öffnung ausschließlich zum Entladen genutzt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the first opening is preceded by a lock for loading, so that the first opening is used exclusively for loading. As a result, the second opening will only be used for unloading.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die erste Öffnung senkrecht über dem Ofenraum angeordnet. Der ersten Öffnung ist in vertikaler Richtung eine Beladeschleuse vorgelagert, die als an sich bekannte Elevatorschleuse, mit einer Transporteinrichtung für den horizontalen Transport der Werkstücke, ausgebildet ist. Damit kann die Beladeöffnung relativ dicht oder unmittelbar neben der Entnahmeöffnung angeordnet werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der für die Wärmebehandlung zur Verfügung stehende Ofenraum optimal ausgenutzt werden kann.In an advantageous embodiment, the first opening is arranged vertically above the furnace space. The first opening is preceded by a loading lock in the vertical direction, which is designed as an elevator lock known per se, with a transport device for the horizontal transport of the workpieces. So that the loading opening can be relatively tight or immediate be arranged next to the removal opening. This has the advantage that the furnace space available for the heat treatment can be optimally used.
Da in der Regel die Wärmebehandlung in einer Schutzgasatmosphäre oder in einer Behandlungsatmosphäre stattfindet, ist sowohl die Schleuse als auch die ggf. vorhandene Beladeschleuse gasdicht ausgeführt.Since the heat treatment generally takes place in a protective gas atmosphere or in a treatment atmosphere, both the lock and any loading lock which may be present are gas-tight.
Die Schleusen weisen mindestens eine Schleusentür auf, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Öffnung in der Außenwand verläuft. Die Schleusentür befindet sich also in einer Seitenwand der Schleuse. Das Abschreckbad, das mittels der Schleuse mit dem Drehherdofen verbunden ist, ist dementsprechend an einer Seitenwand der Schleuse angeordnet.The locks have at least one lock door that is essentially perpendicular to the opening in the outer wall. The lock door is therefore in a side wall of the lock. The quenching bath, which is connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock, is accordingly arranged on a side wall of the lock.
Vorzugsweise ist mittels der Schleuse eine zweite Abschreckeinrichtung mit dem Drehherdofen verbunden. Dies kann eine Gasabschreckkammer oder ein weiteres Abschreckbad sein. Damit wird die Flexibilität der Anlage erheb- lieh erhöht, da die Abschreckung der Werkstücke wahlweise bei verschiedenen Temperaturen vorgenommen werden kann. Die beiden Abschreckeinrichtungen sind an den sich gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden der Schleuse angeordnet.A second quenching device is preferably connected to the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock. This can be a gas quenching chamber or another quenching bath. This increases the flexibility of the system considerably, since the workpieces can be quenched at different temperatures. The two quenching devices are arranged on the opposite side walls of the lock.
Vorzugsweise ist mindestens einer Öffnung eine Transporteinrichtung in Form einer Stoßeinrichtung zugeordnet. Die Charge wird mittels der Stoßeinrichtung in einfacher Art und Weise in die Entnahmeschleuse transportiert und von dort in das sich an die Entnahmeschleuse anschließende Abschreckbad überführt. Für den Fall, dass auch die erste Öffnung mit einer Beladeschleuse versehen ist, kann auch hier eine Stoßeinrichtung verwendet werden. Die Werkstücke, die in Körben oder ähnlichen Behältnissen zu Chargen gepackt sind, werden mittels der Stoßeinrichtung in die Schleuse transportiert und von dort in den Drehherdofen überführt. Zwischen der ersten Öffnung und der zweiten Öffnung befindet sich eine der vertikal beweglichen Türen, so dass zwischen dem Be- und Entladen eine Zonentrennung erfolgt.A transport device in the form of an impact device is preferably assigned to at least one opening. The batch is transported in a simple manner into the removal lock by means of the pusher device and from there is transferred into the quenching bath adjoining the removal lock. In the event that the first opening is also provided with a loading lock, an impact device can also be used here. The workpieces, which are packed in batches in baskets or similar containers, are transported into the lock by means of the pusher and from there transferred to the rotary hearth furnace. One of the vertically movable doors is located between the first opening and the second opening, so that a zone is separated between loading and unloading.
Vorzugsweise ist mindestens eine zusätzliche vertikal bewegliche Tür zur Veränderung der Länge der Aufheiz- und/oder der Behandlungszone vorhanden. Die zusätzliche Tür kann bedarfsweise zur Zonentrennung verwendet werden. Alle Türen sind einzeln ansteuerbar und somit einzeln bewegbar.There is preferably at least one additional vertically movable door for changing the length of the heating and / or treatment zone. The additional door can be used for zone separation if necessary. All doors can be controlled individually and can therefore be moved individually.
In den Phasen, in denen sich der Herd des Drehherdofens dreht, sind üblicherweise alle Türen geöffnet, d. h. alle Türen sind gleichzeitig angehoben. In den bewegungsfreien Phasen sind alle Türen, die zur Zonentrennung dienen, geschlossen. Falls kein Bedarf besteht, mittels der zusätzlichen Tür die Zonentrennung vorzunehmen, ist diese Tür auch während den bewegungsfreien Phasen beöffnet. Falls ein Bedarf besteht, die zusätzliche Tür zur Zonentrennung zu verwenden und damit die Länge von Aufheiz- oder/oder Behandlungszone zu ändern wird mindestens eine der Türen, die bisher zur Zonentrennung benutzt worden ist, während den bewegungsfreien Phasen ständig geöffnet gehalten. Bei verschiedenen Wärmebehandlungsverfahren kann somit die Länge der Aufheizzone und/oder der Behandlungszone bedarfsweise optimiert werden.In the phases in which the stove of the rotary hearth furnace rotates, all doors are usually open, i.e. H. all doors are raised at the same time. In the motion-free phases, all doors that serve to separate the zones are closed. If there is no need to use the additional door to separate the zones, this door is also open during the motionless phases. If there is a need to use the additional door for zone separation and thus to change the length of the heating or / or treatment zone, at least one of the doors which was previously used for zone separation is kept open during the motionless phases. With various heat treatment processes, the length of the heating zone and / or the treatment zone can thus be optimized if necessary.
Die Erfindung schafft ferner einen Drehherdofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken, mit einem taktweise drehbeweglichen Drehherd, mit einer Außen- und einer Innenwand, die einen Ofenraum begrenzen, der mittels vertikal beweglicher Türen in einer Aufheizzone und mindestens eine Behandlungszone unterteilt ist, mit einer verschließbaren Be- und Entladeöff- nung, die in der Außenwand, benachbart zur Aufheizzone angeordnet ist. Der Drehherdofen ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite verschließbare Be- und Entladeöffnung in der Außenwand, benachbart zur Aufheizzone und beabstandet zur ersten Be- und Entladeöffnung angeordnet ist und dass der Drehherd in beide Richtungen drehbar ist. Der erfindungsgemäße Drehherdofen bietet die Wahlmöglichkeit zwischen zwei Be- und Entlademöglichkeiten. Beide Be- und Entladeöffnungen können sowohl zum Be- als auch zum Entladen genutzt werden. Beide Be- und Ent- ladeöffnungen befinden sich benachbart zur Aufheizzone, so dass bei Be- Schickung jeder Öffnung gewährleistet ist, dass die Werkstücke, nachdem sie in den Ofenraum eingebracht worden sind, unmittelbar in die Aufheizzone gelangen. Es muss lediglich die Drehrichtung des Drehherdes entsprechend gewechselt werden. Dadurch wird Funktionalität des Drehherdofens erheblich verbessert.The invention also provides a rotary hearth furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces, with a cyclically rotatable rotary hearth, with an outer and an inner wall which delimit an oven space which is divided into vertically movable doors in a heating zone and at least one treatment zone, with a closable loading and discharge opening, which is arranged in the outer wall, adjacent to the heating zone. The rotary hearth furnace is characterized in that a second closable loading and unloading opening is arranged in the outer wall, adjacent to the heating zone and at a distance from the first loading and unloading opening, and in that the rotary hearth can be rotated in both directions. The rotary hearth furnace according to the invention offers the choice between two loading and unloading options. Both loading and unloading openings can be used for both loading and unloading. Both loading and unloading openings are located adjacent to the heating zone, so that when each opening is loaded, it is ensured that the workpieces, after they have been introduced into the furnace chamber, reach the heating zone directly. It is only necessary to change the direction of rotation of the lathe accordingly. This significantly improves the functionality of the rotary hearth furnace.
Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich die Aufheizzone zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Be- und Entladeöffnung über einen Bereich von im wesentlichen 90°.The heating zone preferably extends between the first and the second loading and unloading opening over a range of essentially 90 °.
Vorteilhafterweise sind mindestens zwei Behandlungszonen vorgesehen, die sich jeweils an die Aufheizzone anschließen und die hinsichtlich Behandlungstemperatur und Behandlungsatmosphäre unterschiedlich einstellbar sind.Advantageously, at least two treatment zones are provided, each of which adjoins the heating zone and which can be set differently with regard to the treatment temperature and treatment atmosphere.
Da die Wärmebehandlung in der Regel in einer Schutzgasatmosphäre stattfindet, ist die Schleuse dementsprechend vorzugsweise gasdicht ausgeführt.Since the heat treatment generally takes place in a protective gas atmosphere, the lock is accordingly preferably gas-tight.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind unmittelbar neben der ersten Be-und Entladeöffnung beidseitig Türen vorgesehen, so dass eine Be- und Entladezone gebildet wird, die beheizt werden kann.In a preferred embodiment, doors are provided on both sides immediately next to the first loading and unloading opening, so that a loading and unloading zone is formed which can be heated.
Die Erfindung schafft ferner eine Anlage mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Drehherdofen, mit einer Transporteinrichtung zum Transport der Werkstücke in oder aus dem Drehherdofen und einer Abschreckeinrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweiten Be- und Entladeöffnung eine Schleuse vorgelagert ist, dass eine zweite Abschreckvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche als Abschreckbad ausgebildet ist und die mittels der Schleuse mit der zweiten Öffnung des Drehherdofens verbunden ist. Diese Anlage ist besonders universell einsetzbar, da an jeder Öffnung eine Abschreckvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Jede Öffnung wird sowohl zum Beladen als auch zum Entladen genutzt. Je nach dem, durch welche der beiden Öffnungen die Werkstücke in den Ofen gelangen, wird die Drehrichtung des Drehherdofens gewechselt, so dass die Werkstücke zunächst in die Aufheizzone gelangen.The invention also provides a system with a rotary hearth furnace according to the invention, with a transport device for transporting the workpieces into or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device, characterized in that a lock is arranged in front of the second loading and unloading opening, that a second quenching device is provided, which is designed as a quench bath and which is connected to the second opening of the rotary hearth furnace by means of the lock. This system can be used particularly universally, since a quenching device is provided at each opening. Each opening is used for both loading and unloading. Depending on which of the two openings the workpieces get into the furnace, the direction of rotation of the rotary hearth furnace is changed so that the workpieces first reach the heating zone.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment in connection with the drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt inThe drawing shows in
Fig. 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform einer Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung;Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of a plant for heat treatment.
Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung.Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a plant for heat treatment.
Die Anlage zum Härten von Werkstücken nach Fig. 1 weist einen Drehherd- ofen 1 auf, der taktweise drehbeweglich ausschließlich in eine Richtung, und zwar in Uhrzeigerrichtung ist. Eine feststehende gemauerte Außenwand 2 und eine Innenwand 3 aus feuerfestem Mauerwerk bilden mit Drehherd und einer nicht dargestellten Decke einen ringförmigen in der Draufsicht nicht dargestellten Ofenraum. Der Ofenraum ist mit Hilfe von Türen 5a-5d in eine Aufheizzone 6 und drei Behandlungszonen 7, 8, 9 und zwar eine erste und eine zweite Diffusions-/Kohlungszone 7, 9, und eine Kohlungszone 8 unterteilt. Die Türen 5a-5d sind auf nicht dargestellte Weise vertikal anhebbar. Die Werkstücke befinden sich auf Chargenträgern 10 in Form von Rosten.The system for hardening workpieces according to FIG. 1 has a rotary hearth furnace 1 which is cyclically rotatable only in one direction, namely in the clockwise direction. A fixed brick outer wall 2 and an inner wall 3 made of fireproof masonry, together with the rotary hearth and a ceiling, not shown, form an annular furnace space, not shown in the plan view. With the help of doors 5a-5d, the furnace space is divided into a heating zone 6 and three treatment zones 7, 8, 9, namely a first and a second diffusion / carbonization zone 7, 9, and a carbonation zone 8. The doors 5a-5d can be raised vertically in a manner not shown. The workpieces are located on batch carriers 10 in the form of grates.
In der Außenwand befindet sich zu Beginn der Aufheizzone 6 eine erste ver- schließbare Öffnung 11 , der eine gasdichte Schleuse 12 zum Beladen vorgeschaltet ist. Die Öffnung 10 zwischen Ofenraum und Schleuse 12 kann auf bekannte Art und Weise mittels einer Ofentür geöffnet oder verschlossen werden. Die Schleuse 12 weist eine Schleusentür 13 auf, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Öffnung 10 verläuft und die zum Beladen abwechselnd geöffnet oder geschlossen wird. Vor dem Beladen befinden sich die Chargenträger 10 mit den Werkstücken in einem Voroxidationsofen 14. Die Chargenträger 10 werden mittels einer ersten Stoßeinrichtung 15 aus der Schleuse 12 in den Ofenraum eingesetzt. Die Chargenträger 10 gelangen infolge der Drehung des Drehherdes im Uhrzeigersinn zunächst in die Aufheizzone 6 und von der Aufheizzone 6 in die Behandlungszonen 7, 8 und 9. Es handelt sich bei den Behandlungszonen um Diffusions-/Kohlungszonen, in denen die Behandlungstemperaturen und die Behandlungsatmosphäre unterschiedlich einstellbar sind. In der Schleuse 12 und der Beladeschleuse können sich die Behandlungsatmosphäre oder ein neutrales Gas, beispielsweise Stickstoff befinden.At the beginning of the heating zone 6 there is a first closable opening 11 in the outer wall, which is preceded by a gas-tight lock 12 for loading. The opening 10 between the furnace chamber and the lock 12 can be opened or closed in a known manner by means of an oven door. The lock 12 has a lock door 13, which is essentially runs at right angles to the opening 10 and which is alternately opened or closed for loading. Before loading, the batch carriers 10 with the workpieces are in a pre-oxidation furnace 14. The batch carriers 10 are inserted from the lock 12 into the furnace chamber by means of a first impact device 15. The batch carriers 10 first arrive in the heating zone 6 and from the heating zone 6 into the treatment zones 7, 8 and 9 as a result of the rotation of the rotary hearth. The treatment zones are diffusion / carbonization zones in which the treatment temperatures and the treatment atmosphere differ are adjustable. The treatment atmosphere or a neutral gas, for example nitrogen, can be located in the lock 12 and the loading lock.
In der Außenwand 2 befindet sich eine zweite verschließbare Öffnung 16, der eine gasdichte Schleuse 17 zum Entladen vorgeschaltet ist. Zwischen den beiden Öffnungen 11 und 16 befindet sich ein Umfangsabstand von ca. 45 °. An die Schleuse 17 sind über nicht näher dargestellte Schleusentüren, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Öffnung 16 verlaufen, beidseitig ein erstes Abschreckbad 18 und ein zweites Abschreckbad 19 angekoppelt, in denen unterschiedliche Temperaturen herrschen.In the outer wall 2 there is a second closable opening 16, which is preceded by a gas-tight lock 17 for unloading. There is a circumferential distance of approximately 45 ° between the two openings 11 and 16. A first quench bath 18 and a second quench bath 19, in which different temperatures prevail, are coupled to the lock 17 via lock doors (not shown in more detail) which run essentially at right angles to the opening 16.
Die Entladung der einzelnen Chargenträger 10 mit den Werkstücken am Ende der letzten Behandlungszone erfolgt mittels einer zweiten Stoßeinrichtung 20. Das Entladen erfolgt ebenso wie das Beladen taktweise. Der Chargenträger 10, der am Ende der letzten Behandlungszone angekommen ist, wird nach dem Öffnen der zweiten Öffnung 16 mittels der Stoßeinrichtung 20 in die Schleuse 17 und von dort wahlweise in eines der beiden Abschreckbäder 18, 19 transportiert und abgeschreckt. Selbstverständlich wird die zweite Öffnung 16 nach jedem Entnahmevorgang wieder verschlossen.The unloading of the individual batch carriers 10 with the workpieces at the end of the last treatment zone takes place by means of a second pushing device 20. The unloading, like the loading, is carried out in cycles. The batch carrier 10, which has arrived at the end of the last treatment zone, is transported and quenched after opening the second opening 16 by means of the pushing device 20 into the lock 17 and from there optionally into one of the two quenching baths 18, 19. Of course, the second opening 16 is closed again after each removal process.
Zwischen der ersten Öffnung 11 und der zweiten Öffnung 16 befindet sich eine vertikal bewegliche Tür 5d, so dass das Beladen und das Entladen in unterschiedlichen Zonen, und zwar der Aufheizzone 7 und der letzten Behandlungszone 9 stattfinden. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind ohne weiteres Abwandlungen möglich. So kann der Umfangsabstand zwischen den beiden Öffnungen von 45 ° abweichen. Der Umfangsabstand sollte möglichst klein sein, kann aber aus Platzgründen bis zu 90° betragen. Die zweite Abschreckeinrichtung kann als Gasabschreckkammer ausgeführt werden. Es könnten zusätzliche Türen zur Veränderung der Länge der Aufheizzone und/oder der Behandlungszone verwendet werden.A vertically movable door 5d is located between the first opening 11 and the second opening 16, so that the loading and unloading take place in different zones, namely the heating zone 7 and the last treatment zone 9. Modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without further notice. The circumferential distance between the two openings can deviate from 45 °. The circumferential distance should be as small as possible, but can be up to 90 ° for reasons of space. The second quenching device can be designed as a gas quenching chamber. Additional doors could be used to change the length of the heating zone and / or treatment zone.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Drehherdofen 21 , der zur Wärmebehandlung im Rahmen eines Verfahrens zur Härtung von Werkstücken 22 dient, weist einen Dreh- herd 23 auf, der taktweise drehbeweglich in beide Richtungen ist. Eine feststehende gemauerte Außenwand 24 und eine Innenwand 25 aus feuerfestem Mauerwerk bilden mit dem Drehherd 23 und einer nicht dargestellten Decke einen ringförmigen in der Draufsicht dargestellten Ofenraum. Der Ofenraum ist mit Hilfe von Türen 26a-26e in eine Aufheizzone 27 und drei Behandlungszonen 28 bis 30, und zwar eine erste und eine zweite Diffusions- /Kohlungszone 28, 30 und eine Kohlungszone 29 unterteilt. Die Türen 26a- 26d sind auf nicht dargestellte Weise vertikal anhebbar.2 shows a rotary hearth furnace 21, which is used for heat treatment in the context of a method for hardening workpieces 22, and has a rotary hearth 23 which is cyclically rotatable in both directions. A fixed brick outer wall 24 and an inner wall 25 made of fireproof masonry form with the rotary hearth 23 and a ceiling, not shown, an annular furnace space shown in plan view. The furnace space is divided by means of doors 26a-26e into a heating zone 27 and three treatment zones 28 to 30, namely a first and a second diffusion / carburizing zone 28, 30 and a carburizing zone 29. The doors 26a-26d can be lifted vertically in a manner not shown.
In der Außenwand befindet sich eine erste Öffnung 31 zum Be- und Entladen, an die sich beidseitig Türen 26a-26e anschließen, so dass eine Be- und Entladezone 32 gebildet wird. Eine Ofentür 33 verschließt die erste Öffnung 31.In the outer wall there is a first opening 31 for loading and unloading, to which doors 26a-26e are connected on both sides, so that a loading and unloading zone 32 is formed. A furnace door 33 closes the first opening 31.
Die Be- und Entladung von einzelnen Werkstücken erfolgt durch einen Be- schickungs- und Entladeroboter 34. Die Beladung erfolgt taktweise. Die Werkstücke 22, die in den Ofenraum gesetzt worden sind, gelangen nach dem Öffnen der Tür 26a infolge der Drehung des Drehherdes entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn in die Aufheizzone 27. Die Werkstücke 22 auf dem Drehherd 23 werden durch die Behandlungszonen 28, 29 und 30 geführt. In den Dif- fusions-/Kohlungszonen 28, 30 sind die Behandlungstemperatur und die Behandlungsatmosphäre unterschiedlich einstellbar. Die erste Diffusions- /Kohlungszone 28 wird in diesem Beschickungsfall so eingerichtet, dass die Zone als Kohlungszone fungiert. Die zweite Diffusions-/Kohlungszone 30, also die letzte Behandlungszone vor der Entnahme fungiert als Diffusions- zone, d. h. dass das C-Potential in der Behandlungsatmosphäre abgesenkt ist. Die Werkstücke, die in der Be- und Entladezone 32 angekommen sind, werden nach dem Öffnen der Ofentür 33 einzeln entnommen und in einer Härtemaschine 35 abgeschreckt. Selbstverständlich wird die Ofentür 33 nach jedem Entnahmevorgang wieder verschlossen.Individual workpieces are loaded and unloaded by a loading and unloading robot 34. The loading is carried out in cycles. The workpieces 22, which have been placed in the furnace chamber, enter the heating zone 27 after the door 26a has been opened as a result of the rotation of the rotary counterclockwise. The workpieces 22 on the rotary hearth 23 are guided through the treatment zones 28, 29 and 30. The treatment temperature and the treatment atmosphere can be set differently in the diffusion / carbonization zones 28, 30. In this loading case, the first diffusion / carbonization zone 28 is set up in such a way that the zone functions as a carbonation zone. The second diffusion / carbonization zone 30, that is, the last treatment zone before removal functions as a diffusion zone, ie the C potential in the treatment atmosphere is reduced. The workpieces that have arrived in the loading and unloading zone 32 are individually removed after opening the furnace door 33 and quenched in a hardening machine 35. Of course, the oven door 33 is closed again after each removal process.
In der Außenwand 24 ist, beabstandet zur ersten Öffnung 31 zum Be- und Entladen, eine zweite verschließbare Öffnung 36 zum Be- und Entladen angeordnet. Zwischen den beiden Be- und Entladeöffnungen 31 , 36 erstreckt sich über einen Bereich von ca. 90 °die Aufheizzone 27, die mittels einer Tür 26b unmittelbar hinter der zweiten Öffnung 36 zum Be- und Entladen verschlossen werden kann. Die beiden Öffnungen 31 , 36 befinden sich also jeweils angrenzend zu der Aufheizzone 27. Die Drehrichtung des Drehherdes wird in Abhängigkeit davon gewählt, welche der beiden Be- und Entladeöff- nungen 31 , 36 beschickt wird. In jedem Fall treten die Werkstücke nach der Beschickung in die Aufheizzone ein.A second closable opening 36 for loading and unloading is arranged in the outer wall 24 at a distance from the first opening 31 for loading and unloading. Between the two loading and unloading openings 31, 36, the heating zone 27 extends over a range of approximately 90 °, which can be closed by a door 26b immediately behind the second opening 36 for loading and unloading. The two openings 31, 36 are therefore each adjacent to the heating zone 27. The direction of rotation of the rotary hearth is selected depending on which of the two loading and unloading openings 31, 36 is loaded. In any case, the workpieces enter the heating zone after loading.
An die zweite Öffnung 36 zum Be- und Entladen schließt sich eine Schleuse 37 mit einem Abkühlbad 38 in Form eines Ölbades an. Die Werkstücke 22, die sich in bekannter Art und Weise auf Chargenträgern befinden, werden in der zweiten Be- und Entladeöffnung 36 in den Ofenraum eingebracht und auf dem Drehherd 23 im Uhrzeigersinn durch den Ofenraum transportiert. In diesem Beschickungsfall ist die zweite Diffusions-/Kohlungszone 30 als Kohlungszone und die erste Diffusions-/Kohlungszone 28 als Diffusionszone eingerichtet.A lock 37 with a cooling bath 38 in the form of an oil bath connects to the second opening 36 for loading and unloading. The workpieces 22, which are located on batch carriers in a known manner, are introduced into the furnace chamber in the second loading and unloading opening 36 and are transported clockwise through the furnace chamber on the rotary hearth 23. In this loading case, the second diffusion / carburizing zone 30 is set up as a carburizing zone and the first diffusion / carburizing zone 28 as a diffusion zone.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind ohne weiteres Abwandlungen möglich. So kann sich die Aufheizzone 27 über einen größeren Bereich des Ofenraums erstrecken. Modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without further notice. The heating zone 27 can thus extend over a larger area of the furnace space.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken, mit einem taktweise drehbeweglichen Drehherdofen (1), der eine Außen- und eine Innen- wand ( 2, 3) aufweist, die einen Ofenraum begrenzen, der mittels vertikal beweglicher Türen (5a-5d) in eine Aufheizzone (6) und mindestens eine Behandlungszone (7 bis 9) unterteilt ist, wobei in der Außenwand (2) in der Aufheizzone (6) eine verschließbare Öffnung (11) zum Be- oder Entladen angeordnet ist, mit einer Transporteinrichtung zum Trans- port der Werkstücke in oder aus dem Drehherdofen und einer Abschreckeinrichtung (18), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite verschließbare Öffnung (16) zum Be- oder Entladen in der Außenwand (2) des Drehherdofens (1) in der letzten Behandlungs- zone angeordnet ist, dass der zweiten Öffnung (16) zum Be- oder Entladen eine Schleuse (17) vorgelagert ist, dass die Abschreckeinrichtung (18) als Abschreckbad ausgebildet ist, welches mittels der Schleuse (17) mit dem Drehherdofen (1) verbunden ist.1. Plant for heat treatment of workpieces, with a cyclically rotating hearth furnace (1), which has an outer and an inner wall (2, 3), which delimit an oven space, which can be moved into a by means of vertically movable doors (5a-5d) Heating zone (6) and at least one treatment zone (7 to 9) is subdivided, a closable opening (11) for loading or unloading being arranged in the outer wall (2) in the heating zone (6), with a transport device for transport of the workpieces in or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device (18), characterized in that a second closable opening (16) for loading or unloading is arranged in the outer wall (2) of the rotary hearth furnace (1) in the last treatment zone, that the second opening (16) for loading or unloading is preceded by a lock (17), that the quenching device (18) is designed as a quenching bath which is connected to the rotary hearth furnace (1) by means of the lock (17).
2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 , dass die beiden Öffnungen (11, 16) zum Be- oder Entladen mit einen2. Plant according to claim 1, that the two openings (11, 16) for loading or unloading with one
Umfangsabstand von im wesentlichen 45° nebeneinander angeordnet sind.Circumferential distance of substantially 45 ° are arranged side by side.
3. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ersten Öffnung (11) zum Beladen eine Beladeschleuse (12) vorgelagert ist.3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first opening (11) for loading is a loading lock (12) upstream.
4. Anlage nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Öffnung (11) zum Beladen senkrecht über dem Ofenraum angeordnet ist und dass der ersten Öff- nung in vertikaler Richtung eine Beladeschleuse (12) vorgelagert ist, die als Elevatorschleuse ausgebildet ist.4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first opening (11) for loading is arranged vertically above the furnace space and that the first opening voltage in the vertical direction is a loading lock (12), which is designed as an elevator lock.
5. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schleuse (17) und ggf. die Bela- deschleuse (12) gasdicht ausgeführt sind.5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lock (17) and possibly the loading lock (12) are gas-tight.
6. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schleuse und ggf. die Beladeschleuse (12) mindestens eine Schleusentür aufweisen, die im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zur Öffnung (11 , 16) in der Außenwand verläuft.6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lock and possibly the loading lock (12) have at least one lock door which is substantially perpendicular to the opening (11, 16) in the outer wall.
7. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dass mittels der Schleuse (17) eine zweite Abschreckeinrichtung (19) mit dem Drehherdofen (1) verbunden ist.7. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 6, that a second quenching device (19) is connected to the rotary hearth furnace (1) by means of the lock (17).
8. Anlage nach Anspruch 7, dass die zweite Abschreckeinrichtung (19) als Abschreckbad oder als Gasabschreckkammer ausgebildet ist.8. Plant according to claim 7, that the second quenching device (19) is designed as a quenching bath or as a gas quenching chamber.
9. Anlage nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur in der zweiten Abschreckeinrichtung (19) von der Temperatur im Abschreckbad (18) abweicht.9. Plant according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the temperature in the second quenching device (19) deviates from the temperature in the quenching bath (18).
10. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer Öffnung (11 , 16) zum Be- oder Entladen eine Transporteinrichtung (15, 20) in Form einer Stoßeinrichtung zugeordnet ist.10. Plant according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one opening (11, 16) for loading or unloading is associated with a transport device (15, 20) in the form of an impact device.
11. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine zusätzliche vertikal bewegliche Tür (5a -5e) zur Veränderung der Länge der Aufheiz- und/oder der Behandlungszone vorhanden ist, wobei alle Türen einzeln ansteuerbar sind.11. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one additional vertically movable door (5a -5e) for changing the length of the heating and / or the treatment zone is present, all doors being individually controllable.
12. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich eine der vertikal beweglichen Türen (5a -5e) zwischen der ersten Öffnung (11 ) und der zweiten Öffnung (16) befindet.12. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that one of the vertically movable doors (5a -5e) is located between the first opening (11) and the second opening (16).
13. Drehherdofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken (22), mit einem taktweise drehbeweglichen Drehherd (23), mit einer Außen- und einer Innenwand ( 24, 25), die einen Ofenraum begrenzen, der mittels vertikal beweglicher Türen (26a-26e) in einer Aufheizzone (27) und mindestens eine Behandlungszone (28 bis 30) unterteilt ist, mit einer verschließbaren Öffnung (31) zum Be- und Entladen, die in der Außenwand (24), benachbart zur Aufheizzone (27) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite verschließbare Öffnung (36) zum Be- und Entladen in der Außenwand (24), benachbart zur Aufheizzone (27) und beabstandet zur ersten Öffnung (31) angeordnet ist und dass der Drehherd in beide Richtungen drehbar ist.13. rotary hearth furnace for the heat treatment of workpieces (22), with a cyclically rotatable rotary hearth (23), with an outer and an inner wall (24, 25), which delimit an oven space by means of vertically movable doors (26a-26e) in one Heating zone (27) and at least one treatment zone (28 to 30) is divided, with a closable opening (31) for loading and unloading, which is arranged in the outer wall (24), adjacent to the heating zone (27), characterized in that a second closable opening (36) for loading and unloading is arranged in the outer wall (24), adjacent to the heating zone (27) and at a distance from the first opening (31) and that the rotary hearth can be rotated in both directions.
14. Drehherdofen nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Öffnung (31 , 36) zum Be- und Entladen die Aufheizzone (27) über einen Bereich von im wesentlichen 90°erstreckt.14. Rotary hearth furnace according to claim 13, characterized in that between the first and the second opening (31, 36) for loading and unloading, the heating zone (27) extends over a range of substantially 90 °.
15. Drehherdofen nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens zwei Behandlungszonen (28 bis 30) vorgesehen sind, die sich jeweils an die Aufheizzone (27) anschließen, und die hinsichtlich Behandlungstemperatur und Behandlungsatmosphäre unterschiedlich einstellbar sind.15. Rotary hearth furnace according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that at least two treatment zones (28 to 30) are provided, each adjoining the heating zone (27), and which can be set differently with regard to the treatment temperature and treatment atmosphere.
16. Drehherdofen nach einen der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dass unmittelbar neben der Öffnung (31) zum Be- und Entladen beid- seitig Türen (26a-26e) vorgesehen sind, so dass eine Be- und Entladezone (32) gebildet wird.16. Rotary hearth furnace according to one of claims 13 to 15, that immediately next to the opening (31) for loading and unloading both doors (26a-26e) are provided on the side, so that a loading and unloading zone (32) is formed.
17. Anlage mit einem Drehherdofen nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 16, mit einer Transporteinrichtung zum Transport der Werkstücke in oder aus dem Drehherdofen und einer Abschreckeinrichtung (35), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweiten Öffnung (36) zum Be- und Entladen eine Schleuse (37) vorgelagert ist, dass eine zweite Abschreckeinrichtung (38) vorgesehen ist, welche als Abschreckbad ausgebildet ist und die mittels der Schleuse (37) mit der zweiten Öffnung (36) zum Be-und Entladen des17. System with a rotary hearth furnace according to one of claims 13 to 16, with a transport device for transporting the workpieces into or out of the rotary hearth furnace and a quenching device (35), characterized in that the second opening (36) for loading and unloading a lock (37) upstream that a second quenching device (38) is provided, which is designed as a quenching bath and which by means of the lock (37) with the second opening (36) for loading and unloading the
Drehherdofen verbunden ist. Rotary hearth furnace is connected.
EP03714799A 2002-03-27 2003-03-11 Installation for the heat-treatment of parts Expired - Lifetime EP1488181B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10213991 2002-03-27
DE10213991 2002-03-27
DE10259247 2002-12-17
DE10259247 2002-12-17
PCT/EP2003/002461 WO2003081156A1 (en) 2002-03-27 2003-03-11 Installation for the heat-treatment of parts

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EP1488181A1 true EP1488181A1 (en) 2004-12-22
EP1488181B1 EP1488181B1 (en) 2007-07-11

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US (1) US7588719B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1488181B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100964994B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100434545C (en)
AT (1) ATE366903T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003219035A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10310739A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003081156A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE10310739A1 (en) 2003-10-09
ATE366903T1 (en) 2007-08-15
DE50307651D1 (en) 2007-08-23
US7588719B2 (en) 2009-09-15
WO2003081156A1 (en) 2003-10-02
CN100434545C (en) 2008-11-19
KR100964994B1 (en) 2010-06-21
US20050161869A1 (en) 2005-07-28
CN1643324A (en) 2005-07-20
EP1488181B1 (en) 2007-07-11
KR20040091780A (en) 2004-10-28
AU2003219035A1 (en) 2003-10-08

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