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EP1476656B1 - Fuel-injection device for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel-injection device for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1476656B1
EP1476656B1 EP02792694A EP02792694A EP1476656B1 EP 1476656 B1 EP1476656 B1 EP 1476656B1 EP 02792694 A EP02792694 A EP 02792694A EP 02792694 A EP02792694 A EP 02792694A EP 1476656 B1 EP1476656 B1 EP 1476656B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
fuel
feed pump
metering device
pressure pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02792694A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1476656A1 (en
Inventor
Burkhard Boos
Stefan Kieferle
Matthias Distel
Achim Koehler
Sascha Ambrock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1476656A1 publication Critical patent/EP1476656A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1476656B1 publication Critical patent/EP1476656B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/34Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by throttling of passages to pumping elements or of overflow passages, e.g. throttling by means of a pressure-controlled sliding valve having liquid stop or abutment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0205Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
    • F02M63/0215Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine by draining or closing fuel conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24Bypassing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/24Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/04Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps
    • F02M59/06Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by special arrangement of cylinders with respect to piston-driving shaft, e.g. arranged parallel to that shaft or swash-plate type pumps with cylinders arranged radially to driving shaft, e.g. in V or star arrangement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is characterized by the DE 197 25 474 A known.
  • This fuel injection device has a feed pump, is conveyed by the fuel from a fuel tank to the suction side of a high-pressure pump.
  • the high-pressure pump usually has at least one pump element with a pump working space, which conveys fuel into a reservoir as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine.
  • a fuel metering device is provided for adjusting the amount of fuel delivered into the reservoir by the at least one pump element.
  • the fuel metering device is designed such that it also serves as a shut-off valve, by means of which the pump working space of the at least one pump element can be completely separated from the feed pump.
  • the fuel metering device In order to achieve a complete separation of the pump working space of the at least one pump element from the feed pump, the fuel metering device must be manufactured very precisely, which increases their production costs. Lubrication of a drive range of the high-pressure pump is not provided in this fuel injection device.
  • a fuel injection device in which a fuel metering device is arranged between the delivery pump and the high-pressure pump. Between the feed pump and the fuel metering device, a connection leads to a drive region of the high-pressure pump, via which fuel is supplied to the drive region for lubrication.
  • the connection of the high pressure pump with the feed pump is not completely separable and between the fuel metering and the high pressure pump performs a connection with a zero feed throttle back to the suction side of the feed pump.
  • the zero-feed throttle ensures that no fuel is delivered by the high-pressure pump in overrun operation of the internal combustion engine despite the not completely closing fuel metering device.
  • a fuel injection device in which a fuel metering device is arranged between the delivery pump and the high-pressure pump. Between the feed pump and the fuel metering device, a connection leads to a drive region of the high-pressure pump, via which fuel is supplied to the drive region for lubrication. Whether the high-pressure pump is completely separable from the feed pump by the fuel metering device is not specified here.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the fuel metering device can be easily manufactured by the use of the additional shut-off valve, as by this no complete separation of the pump working space of at least one pump element needs to be ensured by the feed pump. In addition, a constant lubrication of the drive area is ensured even when the shut-off valve is closed by the connection of the drive range of the high-pressure pump with the outlet of the feed pump.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders.
  • the motor vehicle has a fuel tank 10, is stored in the fuel for the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection device has a feed pump 12, is conveyed by the fuel from the fuel tank 10 to a high-pressure pump 14.
  • the high-pressure pump 14 delivers fuel into a reservoir 16, which may be formed, for example, tubular or in any other form. From the memory 16 lead lines 18 to arranged on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine injectors 20 from.
  • an electric control valve 22 is respectively arranged, through which an opening of the injectors is controlled, so as to effect a fuel injection by the respective injector 20 or to prevent fuel injection.
  • the control valves 22 are controlled by an electronic control device 23, is determined by the function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as speed, load, temperature and others, the timing and duration of the fuel injection by the injectors 20.
  • the injectors 20 performs a return for unused fuel at least indirectly, for example, via a common line for all injectors 24 in the fuel tank 10 back. From the memory 16 may also be a line 26 return to the fuel tank 10, in a Pressure relief valve 28 is arranged to prevent that in the memory 16, an unacceptably high pressure builds up.
  • the high-pressure pump 14 is mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine and thus proportional to the speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • the feed pump 12 can also be driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine, wherein a common drive shaft can be provided for the high-pressure pump 14 and the feed pump 12.
  • the feed pump 12 may alternatively also have, for example, an electric motor drive.
  • the high pressure pump 14 may be formed as a radial piston pump and has several, for example, three equally spaced angularly spaced pump elements 30, each having a driven by a polygon 32 in conjunction with an eccentric shaft in a reciprocating pump piston 34, each defining a pump working space 36.
  • a check valve 38 which opens toward the reservoir 16 is arranged, by means of which the separation between the pump working chambers 36 and the reservoir 16 takes place during the suction stroke of the pump pistons 34.
  • a respective check valve 39 is opened to the pump working spaces 36, through which the separation between the pump working chambers 36 and the feed pump 12 takes place during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 34.
  • one or more filters are preferably arranged. It can, for example, starting from the fuel tank 10, first a coarse filter 40 and this downstream a fine filter 42 may be provided, wherein the fine filter 42 may additionally have a water separator.
  • the fuel injection device also has a fuel metering device 44, which is arranged in an embodiment shown in Figure 1 between the feed pump 12 and the high-pressure pump 14.
  • the fuel metering device 44 has a control valve 46 actuated by an electric actuator 45, for example an electromagnet or a piezoactuator, by means of which the flow from the feed pump 12 to the high-pressure pump 14 can be continuously adjusted.
  • the fuel metering device 44 is also controlled by the control device 23, in such a way that the high-pressure pump 14 is supplied to a defined amount of fuel, which in turn is then conveyed by the high-pressure pump 14 under high pressure in the memory 16 to 16 in the memory a predetermined operating parameters maintain the engine dependent pressure.
  • a pressure sensor 17 which is arranged, which is connected to the control device 23, which thus receives signals about the actual pressure in the memory 16 and the fuel metering means 44 controls such that the flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 14 is set so that the predetermined pressure in the memory 16 is reached.
  • an electrically operated shut-off valve 46 is arranged, through which the fuel metering device 44 and thus the high-pressure pump 14 is completely separable from the feed pump.
  • the shut-off valve 46 is designed as a 2/2-way valve, which is switchable between a fully open and a fully closed switching position.
  • the shut-off valve 46 has an actuator 48, which may be, for example, an electromagnet or a piezoelectric actuator, and which is controlled by the control device 23. If due to certain operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, for example, in overrun, by the high-pressure pump 14 no fuel should be conveyed into the memory 16, the shut-off valve 46 is brought by the control device 23 in its closed switching position.
  • shut-off valve 46 If fuel is to be conveyed into the reservoir 16 by the high-pressure pump 14, the shut-off valve 46 is brought into its open switching position by the control device 23 and the flow from the feed pump 12 to the high-pressure pump 14 is regulated by the fuel metering device 44.
  • the shut-off valve 46 may alternatively be arranged between the fuel metering device 44 and the high-pressure pump 14, as shown in dashed lines in Figure 1.
  • the function of the shut-off valve 46 is the same as described above. Characterized in that by means of the check valve 46, the flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 14 can be completely blocked, the check valves 39 of the pump elements 30 may be designed such that they open at a low pressure. This allows a good filling of the pump working spaces 36 during the suction stroke of the pump piston 34 and a good delivery of the high-pressure pump 14th
  • connection 50 is led from the outlet of the feed pump 12 to a drive region of the high-pressure pump 14.
  • the drive region of the high-pressure pump 14 is formed by the eccentric shaft with the polygon and the pump piston 34 running on it.
  • fuel is supplied to the drive region, which serves for lubrication.
  • the connection 50 is controlled by a pressure valve 52. If the predetermined opening pressure of the pressure valve 52 is exceeded by the feed pump 12, the pressure valve 52 opens and releases the connection 50 so that fuel enters the drive region and ensures adequate lubrication there.
  • the pressure valve 52 also has a port 53, through which an overflow of fuel is returned to the suction side of the feed pump 12.
  • a restriction 54 is provided in the connection 50, by which the flow through the connection 50 is limited, so that not too much amount of fuel is diverted to the drive region of the high-pressure pump 14.
  • the pressure valve 52 is closed, so that no amount of fuel for the lubrication of the high-pressure pump 14 is branched off, but the entire funded by the pump 12 fuel amount of the high-pressure pump 14 is supplied.
  • Parallel to the pressure valve 52 may be provided in the connection 50, a further throttle point 56 through which the drive portion of the high-pressure pump 14 has a constantly open connection with the feed pump 12, which allows venting.
  • fuel can continue to be delivered by the feed pump 12, via the open pressure valve 52 and / or the further throttle point 56 to the drive region of the high-pressure pump 14 is fed to its lubrication and is partially diverted as a flow over the port 53 to the suction side of the feed pump 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel injection system having a feed pump by which fuel is pumped out of a fuel tank to the intake side of a high-pressure pump pumps fuel into a reservoir as a function of engine operating parameters. A fuel metering device is provided for adjusting the fuel quantity pumped into the reservoir by the high-pressure pump. An electrically actuated blocking valve is disposed between the feed pump and the high-pressure pump, and by means of this valve the high-pressure pump can be disconnected completely from the feed pump. By means of the blocking valve, it can still be attained that no fuel is pumped by the high-pressure pump even if the fuel metering device does not provide complete sealing.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist durch die DE 197 25 474 A bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zur Saugseite einer Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird. Die Hochdruckpumpe weist üblicherweise wenigstens ein Pumpenelement mit einem Pumpenarbeitsraum auf, das abhängig von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine Kraftstoff in einen Speicher fördert. Es ist eine Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung zur Einstellung der durch das wenigstens eine Pumpenelement in den Speicher geförderten Kraftstoffmenge vorgesehen. Die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung ist derart ausgebildet, dass diese auch als Absperrventil dient, durch das der Pumpenarbeitsraum des wenigstens einen Pumpenelements vollständig von der Förderpumpe trennbar ist. Um eine vollständige Trennung des Pumpenarbeitsraums des wenigstens einen Pumpenelements von der Förderpumpe zu erreichen muss die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung sehr genau gefertigt werden, was deren Fertigungsaufwand erhöht. Eine Schmierung eines Antriebsbereichs der Hochdruckpumpe ist bei dieser Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nicht vorgesehen.Such a fuel injection device is characterized by the DE 197 25 474 A known. This fuel injection device has a feed pump, is conveyed by the fuel from a fuel tank to the suction side of a high-pressure pump. The high-pressure pump usually has at least one pump element with a pump working space, which conveys fuel into a reservoir as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. A fuel metering device is provided for adjusting the amount of fuel delivered into the reservoir by the at least one pump element. The fuel metering device is designed such that it also serves as a shut-off valve, by means of which the pump working space of the at least one pump element can be completely separated from the feed pump. In order to achieve a complete separation of the pump working space of the at least one pump element from the feed pump, the fuel metering device must be manufactured very precisely, which increases their production costs. Lubrication of a drive range of the high-pressure pump is not provided in this fuel injection device.

Durch die DE 199 07 311 A ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung bekannt, bei der zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Hochdruckpumpe eine Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung angeordnet ist. Zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung führt eine Verbindung zu einem Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe ab, über die dem Antriebsbereich Kraftstoff zu Schmierung zugeführt wird. Durch die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung ist die Verbindung der Hochdruckpumpe mit der Förderpumpe nicht vollständig trennbar und zwischen der Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung und der Hochdruckpumpe führt eine Verbindung mit einer Nullförderdrossel zurück zur Saugseite der Förderpumpe. Durch die Nullförderdrossel ist sichergestellt, dass durch die Hochdruckpumpe im Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine trotz der nicht ganz schließenden Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung kein Kraftstoff gefördert wird. Durch die Verbindung zur Saugseite der Förderpumpe mit der Nullförderdrossel ist der Aufbau und die Fertigung der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung aufwendig.By the DE 199 07 311 A a fuel injection device is known in which a fuel metering device is arranged between the delivery pump and the high-pressure pump. Between the feed pump and the fuel metering device, a connection leads to a drive region of the high-pressure pump, via which fuel is supplied to the drive region for lubrication. By the fuel metering device, the connection of the high pressure pump with the feed pump is not completely separable and between the fuel metering and the high pressure pump performs a connection with a zero feed throttle back to the suction side of the feed pump. The zero-feed throttle ensures that no fuel is delivered by the high-pressure pump in overrun operation of the internal combustion engine despite the not completely closing fuel metering device. Through the connection to the suction side of the feed pump with the zero feed throttle, the structure and the production of the fuel injection device is expensive.

Durch die EP-A-1 088 984 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung bekannt, bei der zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Hochdruckpumpe eine Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung angeordnet ist. Zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung führt eine Verbindung zu einem Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe ab, über die dem Antriebsbereich Kraftstoff zu Schmierung zugeführt wird. Ob durch die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung die Hochdruckpumpe von der Förderpumpe vollständig trennbar ist, ist hierbei nicht angegeben.By the EP-A-1 088 984 a fuel injection device is known in which a fuel metering device is arranged between the delivery pump and the high-pressure pump. Between the feed pump and the fuel metering device, a connection leads to a drive region of the high-pressure pump, via which fuel is supplied to the drive region for lubrication. Whether the high-pressure pump is completely separable from the feed pump by the fuel metering device is not specified here.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass durch die Verwendung des zusätzlichen Absperrventils die Kraftstoffzumesseinrichtung einfach gefertigt werden kann, da durch diese keine vollständige Trennung des Pumpenarbeitsraums des wenigstens einen Pumpenelements von der Förderpumpe gewährleistet zu sein braucht. Außerdem ist durch die Verbindung des Antriebsbereichs der Hochdruckpumpe mit dem Auslass der Förderpumpe eine ständige Schmierung des Antriebsbereichs auch bei geschlossenem Absperrventil sichergestellt.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the fuel metering device can be easily manufactured by the use of the additional shut-off valve, as by this no complete separation of the pump working space of at least one pump element needs to be ensured by the feed pump. In addition, a constant lubrication of the drive area is ensured even when the shut-off valve is closed by the connection of the drive range of the high-pressure pump with the outlet of the feed pump.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are given.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigt Figur 1 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine in schematischer Darstellung.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a schematic representation.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In Figur 1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs dargestellt. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine und weist einen oder mehrere Zylinder auf. Das Kraftfahrzeug weist einen Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 auf, in dem Kraftstoff für den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine bevorratet ist. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe 12 auf, durch die Kraftstoff aus dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 zu einer Hochdruckpumpe 14 gefördert wird. Die Hochdruckpumpe 14 fördert Kraftstoff in einen Speicher 16, der beispielsweise rohrförmig oder in beliebiger anderer Form ausgebildet sein kann. Vom Speicher 16 führen Leitungen 18 zu an den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Injektoren 20 ab. An den Injektoren 20 ist jeweils ein elektrisches Steuerventil 22 angeordnet, durch das eine Öffnung der Injektoren gesteuert wird, um so eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung durch den jeweiligen Injektor 20 zu bewirken oder eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung zu verhindern. Die Steuerventile 22 werden durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 23 angesteuert, durch die in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine, wie beispielsweise Drehzahl, Last, Temperatur und weiteren, der Zeitpunkt und die Dauer der Kraftstoffeinspritzung durch die Injektoren 20 bestimmt wird. Von den Injektoren 20 führt ein Rücklauf für nicht verbrauchten Kraftstoff zumindest mittelbar beispielsweise über eine für alle Injektoren gemeinsame Leitung 24 in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 zurück. Vom Speicher 16 kann ebenfalls eine Leitung 26 zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 zurückführen, in der ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 28 angeordnet ist, um zu verhindern, daß sich im Speicher 16 ein unzulässig hoher Druck aufbaut.FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders. The motor vehicle has a fuel tank 10, is stored in the fuel for the operation of the internal combustion engine. The fuel injection device has a feed pump 12, is conveyed by the fuel from the fuel tank 10 to a high-pressure pump 14. The high-pressure pump 14 delivers fuel into a reservoir 16, which may be formed, for example, tubular or in any other form. From the memory 16 lead lines 18 to arranged on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine injectors 20 from. To the injectors 20, an electric control valve 22 is respectively arranged, through which an opening of the injectors is controlled, so as to effect a fuel injection by the respective injector 20 or to prevent fuel injection. The control valves 22 are controlled by an electronic control device 23, is determined by the function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as speed, load, temperature and others, the timing and duration of the fuel injection by the injectors 20. Of the injectors 20 performs a return for unused fuel at least indirectly, for example, via a common line for all injectors 24 in the fuel tank 10 back. From the memory 16 may also be a line 26 return to the fuel tank 10, in a Pressure relief valve 28 is arranged to prevent that in the memory 16, an unacceptably high pressure builds up.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 14 wird mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine und damit proportional zur Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben. Die Förderpumpe 12 kann ebenfalls mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben werden, wobei für die Hochdruckpumpe 14 und die Förderpumpe 12 eine gemeinsame Antriebswelle vorgesehen sein kann. Die Förderpumpe 12 kann alternativ auch beispielsweise einen elektromotorischen Antrieb aufweisen.The high-pressure pump 14 is mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine and thus proportional to the speed of the internal combustion engine. The feed pump 12 can also be driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine, wherein a common drive shaft can be provided for the high-pressure pump 14 and the feed pump 12. The feed pump 12 may alternatively also have, for example, an electric motor drive.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 14 kann als Radialkolbenpumpe ausgebildet sein und weist mehrere, beispielsweise drei mit gleichmäßigem Winkelabstand voneinander angeordnete Pumpenelemente 30 auf, die jeweils einen durch einen Polygon 32 in Verbindung mit einer Exzenterwelle in einer Hubbewegung angetriebenen Pumpenkolben 34 aufweisen, die jeweils einen Pumpenarbeitsraum 36 begrenzen. In den Verbindungen der Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 mit dem Speicher 16 ist jeweils ein zum Speicher 16 hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil 38 angeordnet, durch das die Trennung zwischen den Pumpenarbeitsräumen 36 und dem Speicher 16 beim Saughub der Pumpenkolben 34 erfolgt. In den Verbindungen der Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 mit der Förderpumpe 12 ist jeweils ein zu den Pumpenarbeitsräumen 36 hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil 39 angeordnet, durch das die Trennung zwischen den Pumpenarbeitsräumen 36 und der Förderpumpe 12 beim Förderhub der Pumpenkolben 34 erfolgt. Während eines jeweiligen Saughubs der Pumpenkolben 34, wenn diese sich radial nach innen bewegen, sind die Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 bei geöffneten Rückschlagventilen 39 mit dem Auslaß der Förderpumpe 12 verbunden und werden mit Kraftstoff befüllt, wobei die Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 durch die geschlossenen Rückschlagventile 38 vom Speicher 16 getrennt sind. Während eines jeweiligen Förderhubs der Pumpenkolben 34, wenn diese sich radial nach außen bewegen, sind die Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 bei geöffneten Rückschlagventilen 38 mit dem Speicher 16 verbunden und durch die geschlossenen Rückschlagventile 39 vom Auslaß der Förderpumpe 12 getrennt.The high pressure pump 14 may be formed as a radial piston pump and has several, for example, three equally spaced angularly spaced pump elements 30, each having a driven by a polygon 32 in conjunction with an eccentric shaft in a reciprocating pump piston 34, each defining a pump working space 36. In the connections of the pump working chambers 36 with the memory 16, a check valve 38 which opens toward the reservoir 16 is arranged, by means of which the separation between the pump working chambers 36 and the reservoir 16 takes place during the suction stroke of the pump pistons 34. In the connections of the pump working chambers 36 with the feed pump 12, a respective check valve 39 is opened to the pump working spaces 36, through which the separation between the pump working chambers 36 and the feed pump 12 takes place during the delivery stroke of the pump piston 34. During a respective suction stroke of the pump pistons 34, when they move radially inward, the pump work spaces 36 are connected to the outlet of the feed pump 12 with open check valves 39 and are filled with fuel, the pump work chambers 36 separated by the closed check valves 38 from the memory 16 are. During a respective delivery stroke of the pump piston 34, if this move radially outward, the pump working chambers 36 are connected to open open check valves 38 to the memory 16 and separated by the closed check valves 39 from the outlet of the feed pump 12.

Zwischen der Förderpumpe 12 und dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 sind vorzugsweise ein oder mehrere Filter angeordnet. Es kann beispielsweise ausgehend vom Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 10 zunächst ein Grobfilter 40 und diesem nachgeordnet ein Feinfilter 42 vorgesehen sein, wobei der Feinfilter 42 zusätzlich einen Wasserabscheider aufweisen kann.Between the feed pump 12 and the fuel tank 10, one or more filters are preferably arranged. It can, for example, starting from the fuel tank 10, first a coarse filter 40 and this downstream a fine filter 42 may be provided, wherein the fine filter 42 may additionally have a water separator.

Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist außerdem eine Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 auf, die bei einem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen der Förderpumpe 12 und der Hochdruckpumpe 14 angeordnet ist. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 weist ein durch einen elektrischen Aktor 45, beispielsweise einen Elektromagneten oder einen Piezoaktor, betätigtes Regelventil 46 auf, durch das der Durchfluß von der Förderpumpe 12 zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 kontinuierlich verstellbar ist. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 wird ebenfalls durch die Steuereinrichtung 23 angesteuert, in der Weise, daß der Hochdruckpumpe 14 eine definierte Kraftstoffmenge zugeführt wird, die dann wiederum durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 unter Hochdruck in den Speicher 16 gefördert wird, um im Speicher 16 einen vorgegebenen, von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine abhängigen Druck aufrechtzuerhalten. Am Speicher 17 ist dabei ein Drucksensor 17 angeordnet, der mit der Steuereinrichtung 23 verbunden ist, die somit Signale über den tatsächlichen Druck im Speicher 16 erhält und die die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 derart ansteuert, daß der Durchfluß von Kraftstoff zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 so eingestellt wird, daß der vorgegebene Druck im Speicher 16 erreicht wird.The fuel injection device also has a fuel metering device 44, which is arranged in an embodiment shown in Figure 1 between the feed pump 12 and the high-pressure pump 14. The fuel metering device 44 has a control valve 46 actuated by an electric actuator 45, for example an electromagnet or a piezoactuator, by means of which the flow from the feed pump 12 to the high-pressure pump 14 can be continuously adjusted. The fuel metering device 44 is also controlled by the control device 23, in such a way that the high-pressure pump 14 is supplied to a defined amount of fuel, which in turn is then conveyed by the high-pressure pump 14 under high pressure in the memory 16 to 16 in the memory a predetermined operating parameters maintain the engine dependent pressure. At the memory 17 while a pressure sensor 17 is arranged, which is connected to the control device 23, which thus receives signals about the actual pressure in the memory 16 and the fuel metering means 44 controls such that the flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 14 is set so that the predetermined pressure in the memory 16 is reached.

Zwischen dem Auslaß der Förderpumpe 12 und der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 ist ein elektrisch betätigtes Absperrventil 46 angeordnet, durch das die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 und damit die Hochdruckpumpe 14 vollständig von der Förderpumpe trennbar ist. Das Absperrventil 46 ist als 2/2-Wegeventil ausgebildet, das zwischen einer vollständig geöffneten und einer vollständig geschlossenen Schaltstellung umschaltbar ist. Das Absperrventil 46 weist einen Aktor 48 auf, der beispielsweise ein Elektromagnet oder ein Piezoaktor sein kann, und der durch die Steuereinrichtung 23 angesteuert wird. Wenn aufgrund bestimmter Betriebsparameter der Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise im Schubbetrieb, durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 kein Kraftstoff in den Speicher 16 gefördert werden soll, so wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 23 das Absperrventil 46 in seine geschlossene Schaltstellung gebracht. Wenn durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 Kraftstoff in den Speicher 16 gefördert werden soll, so wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 23 das Absperrventil 46 in seine geöffnete Schaltstellung gebracht und durch die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 der Durchfluß von der Förderpumpe 12 zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 geregelt. Das Absperrventil 46 kann alternativ auch zwischen der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 und der Hochdruckpumpe 14 angeordnet sein, wie dies in Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellt ist. Die Funktion des Absperrventils 46 ist dabei gleich wie vorstehend beschrieben. Dadurch, daß mittels des Absperrventils 46 der Durchfluß von Kraftstoff zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 vollständig gesperrt werden kann, können die Rückschlagventile 39 der Pumpenelemente 30 derart ausgelegt sein, daß diese bereits bei einem geringen Druck öffnen. Dies ermöglicht eine gute Befüllung der Pumpenarbeitsräume 36 beim Saughub der Pumpenkolben 34 und einen guten Liefergrad der Hochdruckpumpe 14.Between the outlet of the feed pump 12 and the Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44, an electrically operated shut-off valve 46 is arranged, through which the fuel metering device 44 and thus the high-pressure pump 14 is completely separable from the feed pump. The shut-off valve 46 is designed as a 2/2-way valve, which is switchable between a fully open and a fully closed switching position. The shut-off valve 46 has an actuator 48, which may be, for example, an electromagnet or a piezoelectric actuator, and which is controlled by the control device 23. If due to certain operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, for example, in overrun, by the high-pressure pump 14 no fuel should be conveyed into the memory 16, the shut-off valve 46 is brought by the control device 23 in its closed switching position. If fuel is to be conveyed into the reservoir 16 by the high-pressure pump 14, the shut-off valve 46 is brought into its open switching position by the control device 23 and the flow from the feed pump 12 to the high-pressure pump 14 is regulated by the fuel metering device 44. The shut-off valve 46 may alternatively be arranged between the fuel metering device 44 and the high-pressure pump 14, as shown in dashed lines in Figure 1. The function of the shut-off valve 46 is the same as described above. Characterized in that by means of the check valve 46, the flow of fuel to the high-pressure pump 14 can be completely blocked, the check valves 39 of the pump elements 30 may be designed such that they open at a low pressure. This allows a good filling of the pump working spaces 36 during the suction stroke of the pump piston 34 and a good delivery of the high-pressure pump 14th

Es ist vorgesehen, daß parallel zur Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 44 vom Auslaß der Förderpumpe 12 eine Verbindung 50 zu einem Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe 14 geführt ist. Der Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe 14 ist dabei durch die Exzenterwelle mit dem Polygon sowie den auf diesem ablaufenden Pumpenkolben 34 gebildet. Durch die Verbindung 50 wird dem Antriebsbereich Kraftstoff zugeführt, der zur Schmierung dient. Die Verbindung 50 wird durch ein Druckventil 52 gesteuert. Wenn durch die Förderpumpe 12 der vorgegebene Öffnungsdruck des Druckventils 52 überschritten wird, so öffnet das Druckventil 52 und gibt die Verbindung 50 frei, so daß Kraftstoff in den Antriebsbereich gelangt und dort eine ausreichende Schmierung sicherstellt. Das Druckventil 52 weist außerdem einen Anschluß 53 auf, durch den eine Überströmmenge an Kraftstoff zur Saugseite der Förderpumpe 12 zurückgeführt wird. Stromabwärts nach dem Druckventil 52 ist eine Drosselstelle 54 in der Verbindung 50 vorgesehen, durch die der Durchfluß durch die Verbindung 50 begrenzt wird, damit nicht zu viel an Kraftstoffmenge zum Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe 14 abgezweigt wird. Beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine wird durch die Förderpumpe 12 und die drehzahlabhängig angetriebene Hochdruckpumpe 14 zunächst nur eine geringe Kraftstoffmenge gefördert, die für den Druckaufbau im Speicher 16 und die Kraftstoffeinspritzung benötigt wird. Hierbei ist das Druckventil 52 geschlossen, so daß keine Kraftstoffmenge für die Schmierung der Hochdruckpumpe 14 abgezweigt wird, sondern die gesamte von der Förderpumpe 12 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge der Hochdruckpumpe 14 zugeführt wird. Parallel zum Druckventil 52 kann in der Verbindung 50 eine weitere Drosselstelle 56 vorgesehen sein, über die der Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe 14 eine ständig geöffnete Verbindung mit der Förderpumpe 12 aufweist, welche eine Entlüftung ermöglicht.It is envisaged that, parallel to the fuel metering device 44, a connection 50 is led from the outlet of the feed pump 12 to a drive region of the high-pressure pump 14. The drive region of the high-pressure pump 14 is formed by the eccentric shaft with the polygon and the pump piston 34 running on it. Through the connection 50 fuel is supplied to the drive region, which serves for lubrication. The connection 50 is controlled by a pressure valve 52. If the predetermined opening pressure of the pressure valve 52 is exceeded by the feed pump 12, the pressure valve 52 opens and releases the connection 50 so that fuel enters the drive region and ensures adequate lubrication there. The pressure valve 52 also has a port 53, through which an overflow of fuel is returned to the suction side of the feed pump 12. Downstream of the pressure valve 52, a restriction 54 is provided in the connection 50, by which the flow through the connection 50 is limited, so that not too much amount of fuel is diverted to the drive region of the high-pressure pump 14. When starting the internal combustion engine, only a small amount of fuel, which is required for the pressure build-up in the reservoir 16 and the fuel injection, is initially conveyed by the delivery pump 12 and the high-pressure pump 14 which is driven in dependence on the rotational speed. Here, the pressure valve 52 is closed, so that no amount of fuel for the lubrication of the high-pressure pump 14 is branched off, but the entire funded by the pump 12 fuel amount of the high-pressure pump 14 is supplied. Parallel to the pressure valve 52 may be provided in the connection 50, a further throttle point 56 through which the drive portion of the high-pressure pump 14 has a constantly open connection with the feed pump 12, which allows venting.

Wenn durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 bei geschlossenem Absperrventil 46, beispielsweise im Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, kein Kraftstoff gefördert wird, so kann durch die Förderpumpe 12 weiterhin Kraftstoff gefördert werden, der über das geöffnete Druckventil 52 und/oder die weitere Drosselstelle 56 dem Antriebsbereich der Hochdruckpumpe 14 zu dessen Schmierung zugeführt wird und teilweise als Überströmmenge über den Anschluß 53 auf die Saugseite der Förderpumpe 12 abgesteuert wird.If no fuel is conveyed by the high-pressure pump 14 when the shut-off valve 46 is closed, for example during overrun of the internal combustion engine, fuel can continue to be delivered by the feed pump 12, via the open pressure valve 52 and / or the further throttle point 56 to the drive region of the high-pressure pump 14 is fed to its lubrication and is partially diverted as a flow over the port 53 to the suction side of the feed pump 12.

Claims (5)

  1. Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine having a feed pump (12), by means of which fuel from a fuel storage tank (10) is fed to the suction side of a high pressure pump (14), which high pressure pump (14) has at least one pump element (30) with a pump working space (36), which pump element (30) feeds fuel into an accumulator (16) as a function of operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, having a fuel metering device (44) for adjusting the fuel quantity fed by the at least one pump element (30) into the accumulator (16), characterized in that an electrically actuated check valve (46) is arranged, in addition to the fuel metering device (44) and in series with the latter, between the feed pump (12) and the pump working space (36) of the at least one pump element (30), which check valve (46) can be switched between a completely open switching position and a completely closed switching position, and by means of which check valve (46), in its completely closed switching position, the pump working space (36) of the at least one pump element (30) can be completely disconnected from the feed pump (12), in that when the check valve (46) is open, the throughflow of fuel from the feed pump (12) to the high pressure pump (14) is regulated by the fuel metering device (44), and in that the high pressure pump (14) has a drive region (32) which, for lubrication, has a connection (50), which runs parallel to the fuel metering device (44) and to the check valve (46), to the outlet of the feed pump (12) .
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the check valve (46) is embodied as a 2/2 directional control valve.
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuel metering device (44) is arranged between the feed pump (12) and the high pressure pump (14), and in that the check valve (46) is arranged in series with the fuel metering device (44), between the latter and the feed pump (12) or between the fuel metering device (44) and the high pressure pump (14).
  4. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the connection (50) of the drive region (32) to the feed pump (12) is controlled by a pressure valve (52) which opens towards the drive region (32).
  5. Fuel injection device according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least one throttle point (54;56) is provided in the connection (50) of the drive region (32) to the feed pump (12).
EP02792694A 2002-02-08 2002-12-24 Fuel-injection device for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1476656B1 (en)

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DE10205187A DE10205187A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2002-02-08 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
DE10205187 2002-02-08
PCT/DE2002/004724 WO2003067075A1 (en) 2002-02-08 2002-12-24 Fuel-injection device for an internal combustion engine

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DE50210430D1 (en) 2007-08-16
US7077107B2 (en) 2006-07-18
US20040155120A1 (en) 2004-08-12
EP1476656A1 (en) 2004-11-17
ATE366363T1 (en) 2007-07-15
WO2003067075A1 (en) 2003-08-14
DE10205187A1 (en) 2003-08-21

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