EP1470619A2

EP1470619A2 - Coaxial line plug-in connection with integrated galvanic separation

Info

Publication number: EP1470619A2
Application number: EP20030731684
Authority: EP
Inventors: Josef Fehrenbach; Jürgen Motzer; Daniel Schultheiss
Original assignee: Vega Grieshaber KG
Current assignee: Vega Grieshaber KG
Priority date: 2002-01-23
Filing date: 2003-01-21
Publication date: 2004-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2023-01-21
Also published as: HK1072324A1; WO2003063190A3; DE10302112A1; EP1470619B1; WO2003063190A2; US20030137372A1; AU2003226963A1; CN1623254A; US6778044B2; DE50304653D1; CN1330057C

Abstract

The invention relates to a plug-in connection for galvanically separating microwave signals in coaxial lines (11, 21) so as to meet the requirements of an explosion-proof separation. The plug-in connection comprises a plug (22) and a socket (12) with an inner conductor and an outer conductor (16, 26, 15, 25), both of which are connected to a coaxial line (11, 21) and are also provided with an inner conductor and an outer conductor (13, 23, 14, 24). The plug-in connection comprises a separating element (19) separating the outer conductor (15) of the socket (12) from the outer conductor (25) of the plug (22). In another embodiment of the invention, both the outer conductor (15, 25) and the inner conductor (16, 26) are galvanically separated.

Description

Coaxial cable connector with integrated galvanic isolation

Technical area

The present invention relates to a Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung with a galvanic isolation integrated therein. Such connectors are used for example in the field of level measurement. In order to transmit the required for the level measurement microwave signals generated by an RF module, to a transmitting and receiving unit, such as a rod, horn or microstrip antenna, and the reflected signals, for the measured level height are representative, to transmit back to an evaluation, coaxial lines are preferably used.

Such level measurements are required in almost all industries. The fill levels to be determined according to the filling level consist e.g. in the chemical industry from highly explosive media. In order to prevent the risk of explosion during level measurement in the interior or in the vicinity of a container or tank, lines with u.U. different potentials can be applied, are galvanically isolated. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a separate equipotential bonding line. In galvanic isolation, two circuits are completely separated, with no direct connection via a conductive material. The transmission of electricity or RF signals in this case is usually done inductively.

Background of the invention

A coaxial RF connector is described for example in US 3,936,116. In this connector is by means of special galvanic Contact surfaces improved signal transmission within the connector. However, a galvanic isolation, which is required for the required Ex separation in the level measurement, is not realized. Although such a galvanic Stecl connection can also be used in the field of level measurement, but an Ex-separation somewhere else, for example in the RF module, must be realized. As a result, there is a further defect in the signal path from the RF module to the transmitting and receiving unit, as a result of which the measurement results may possibly be falsified.

A first type of electrical isolation of RF signal-carrying interconnects on a board is realized by capacitors, as described for example in EP 0 882 955 AI. The galvanic separation takes place here by a microwave conductor, which is arranged as a coplanar conductor, wherein the galvanic isolation takes place by means of capacitors on the board. The RF signal leading coplanar conductor consists of three mutually parallel, applied to the board planar Leitererbabiistrukturen, which are arranged parallel to each other, the middle conductor used as a signal conductor and the two lateral conductors as Schirmleiterbahn. Both in the signal trace and in the shield conductor a capacitor is inserted in each case, whereby the galvanic trimming takes place.

Another type of separation is the coupling through a dielectric. For example, it is also proposed in EP 0 882 955 A1 to couple the shielding conductor through the printed circuit board within the RF module. Again, there is the RF signal leading trace of two parts, a signal trace and a Schirmleiterbahn. Another option proposed in EP 0 882 955 A1 is to couple both the screen and the signal conductor track through a dielectric. The printed conductors are located inside the RF module on both sides of a printed circuit board and have a certain coupling region.

Common to all of these described embodiments is that both the shield and signal traces are fixedly mounted on a printed circuit board within an RF module. Although a retrofitting of such a galvanic separation in view, but this is due to the location in the RF module designed to be extremely difficult. In addition, it is considered extremely problematic that such a retrofit creates an additional fault in the signal path from the RF module to the transmitting and receiving unit.

Presentation of the invention

The present invention is based on the problem of ensuring the necessary explosion protection in the level measurement Ex separation with the lowest possible number of defects in the signal path between the RF module and the transmitting and receiving unit. Among other things, the present invention aims to provide a plug-in connection which is suitable for keeping assembly costs as low as possible during an electron exchange.

This technical problem is solved by a completely new plug connection, which according to a first aspect of the invention comprises a plug and a socket. Both plug and socket are connected to a coaxial line. The coaxial line itself comprises an inner conductor serving as a signal line, as well a serving as a shield line outer conductor. Both the socket and the plug in turn have an outer conductor, which is connected in each case to the outer conductor of the coaxial line. The plug is inserted into the socket in such a way that the outer conductor of the plug overlaps with the outer conductor of the socket over a certain length, the so-called coupling region. The coupling between outer conductor of the socket and plug takes place at low frequencies (such as between 5 and 10 GHz) capacitively between the two overlapping outer conductors (coupling region), which are mutually insulated by a separating element of dielectric material (preferably PTFE). For higher frequencies, for example between 24 and 28 GHz, this coupling region has a length λ / 4 at a wavelength λ to be transmitted. This length adjustment transforms the no-load occurring at the end of the overlap area into a short circuit at the break in the coaxial system.

As already mentioned, the coupling between the outer conductor of the socket and the plug takes place at low frequencies capacitively by a separating element made of dielectric material, which is arranged between the outer conductor of the socket and the plug. The insulation thickness of the separating element between the two outer conductors and the coupling region is preferably 0.5 mm. This prescribed minimum thickness fulfills the required potential separation, which is required for hazardous areas and which must have a dielectric strength of 500 Nolt.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the plug part is designed in contrast to the above embodiment even simpler. The construction of the socket is in this case identical to the socket of the first embodiment, but the internal dimensions of the socket are adapted to the smaller dimensions of the plug. In this embodiment, the coaxial line is a thicker so-called semi-conductor. Pvigid cable used (eg UT141). The use of such a semi-rigid cable reduces the assembly effort in the connector assembly considerably, since in contrast to the first embodiment no separate connector component is required. Rather, the plug consists of one end of a stripped semi-rigid cable. The plug in the form of a stripped-off semi-rigid cable is inserted directly into the socket.

As in the above embodiment, this results in the lower frequency range, a capacitive coupling between the two serving as a screen line of the cable outer conductor. In the range of higher frequencies, in turn, a transformation of the open circuit at the interruption in the coaxial system into a short circuit is obtained. For optimum transformation of the short circuit, the coupling region in the bushing at a wavelength λ to be transmitted is a length λ / 4.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, not only the shielding line but also the signal line is coupled in a connector by means of a λ / 4-long overlap region. Here, too, a semi-rigid cable is preferably used as the coaxial line. In addition to the coupling of the shielding line through a λ / 4-long region, in this embodiment, the signal line can also be coupled by a λ / 4-long overlap region. As a result, capacitors that separate the signal lines in the RF module, as is common in the prior art, superfluous.

A connector according to the present invention proves to be particularly advantageous in that by the already required connector and the galvanic isolation contained in the connector, a reduction in the number of impurities in the signal path between the RF module and the transmitting and Receiving unit takes place. So far, this always two components were required. On the one hand, the already required connector to connect the transmitting and receiving unit to the coaxial line. On the other hand, a galvanic trimming by means of capacitors or a coupling by a dielectric on a circuit board was required for the required explosion isolation. Due to the erfmdungsgemäße design of the connector eliminates one of these defects by the coupling takes place by galvanic isolation directly in the connector. The plug-in connection, which is necessary for a simple electron exchange, is thus simultaneously galvanic isolation of the coaxial line.

Another great advantage of the present invention is that, due to the centric arrangement of the plug connection in the housing of the sensor, which at the same time implies the galvanic isolation of the coaxial line, a rotatability of the transmitting and receiving unit with respect to the signal-carrying coaxial line is made possible.

Furthermore, the present invention proves by the assembly costs, which is required in an electron exchange and is kept very low by the inventive design of the connector, as very beneficial. Had previously been unscrewed for an electron exchange cover to then deduct or unscrew the RF cable, the connection to the antenna system is automatically disconnected when pulling out the electronics module by the inventive design of the connector.

Another great advantage is that the mechanical requirements for connectors according to the invention in the coupling region are very low, since no electrical connections must be ensured. This is contrary to the prior art no spring contacts required, whereby a largely Unempfmdlichkeit the connector is guaranteed. This results in a very cost-effective construction of a connector according to the invention.

The connector according to the present invention also proves to be very advantageous in that the container interior can be sealed off from the environment by the use of such a connector design. Thus, if a centric coupling is present on the waveguide, the plug connection of the galvanic isolation can be plugged directly onto the waveguide without the use of an RF cable. If one uses in the connector on the waveguide side, e.g. Glass or ceramic as a dielectric (separating element), a pressure-tight separation between the container atmosphere and the interior of the sensor housing can be achieved.

Another way to produce a dense, in particular gas-tight separation between the container atmosphere and the environment is to melt in the socket, a cylindrical passage, for example made of glass with a through opening through which extends an associated pin-shaped inner conductor. The pin-shaped inner conductor is in turn also with the

Glass lead tightly fused. The bushing is arranged centrally in the bushing following the separating element. Such a construction proves to be particularly advantageous in that such a gas-tight zone separation, i. a gas-tight separation between the container atmosphere and the environment, can be achieved without manufacturing the separator itself in glass. At this

Embodiment, the separating element, for example, from Teflon (PTFE), whereby a better and easier mechanical manufacturability is ensured. Through this combination of potential-separated Plug connection and glass feedthrough can thus be a very compact design with few individual parts. This has the further advantage that it can reduce the number of superfluous impurities in the microwave path.

In addition to the advantages already described, there is a further major advantage, in particular by a design of the connector according to the above embodiments, that the use of a semi-rigid cable, the connector dimensions are particularly small and such connectors can thus be used in very confined spaces ,

Brief description of the drawings

Hereinafter, for better understanding and further explanation, several embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a connector according to a first

Embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a connector according to a second

Embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3a is a longitudinal section of a connector according to a third embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3b is a longitudinal section of a variant of the plug of the third

embodiment;

Fig. 4a shows an embodiment of a transmitting and receiving unit below

Use of a connector according to the present invention in the exploded state;

4b shows an exemplary embodiment of a transmitting and receiving unit using a plug connection according to the present invention

Invention in the assembled state; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through a pressure-tight connector according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of a transmitting and receiving unit below

Use of the connector according to FIG. 6 in the assembled state.

Throughout the figures, like parts are identified by corresponding reference numerals.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a first embodiment by a

Plug connection according to the present invention. The connector consists of a socket 12 and a plug 22. To the socket 12, a coaxial line 11 is connected, which is connected to a transmitting and receiving unit. The coaxial line 11 consists of a serving as a shield line outer conductor 14 and a signal-carrying inner conductor 13. The inner conductor 13 and the outer conductor 14 are mutually insulated by a dielectric 10. The outer conductor 14 of the coaxial line is connected to the outer conductor of the socket 15. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the inner conductor of the socket 16.

The coaxial line 21 also consists of a signal leading inner conductor 23 and serving as a Scliirmleitung outer conductor 24, which are mutually isolated by a dielectric 20. The outer conductor 24 is connected to the outer conductor 25 of the Plug 22 connected. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22.

The socket 12 has on the plug side facing a cup-shaped recess 18 which is designed such that the plug 22 fits into the recess. The cup-shaped recess 18 is adjoined by a further smaller cup-shaped recess 18 'into which the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22 fits. The cup-shaped recess 18 has a length of λ / 4 in the insertion direction at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted. This area is referred to as the coupling region 17 of the connector. The cup-shaped recess 18 is surrounded by a separator 19 made of dielectric material. The separator 19 has a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to ensure the prescribed isolation voltage of 500 volts.

The coupling between the outer conductor 15 of the socket and the outer conductor 25 of the plug 22 takes place at low frequencies capacitively between the two in the coupling region 17 overlapping outer conductors 15 and 25. The outer conductors 15 and 25 are by a separating element 19 (preferably made of PTFE) mutually isolated. In order to ensure the transmission of higher frequencies, the coupling region 17 has a length of λ / 4 at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted. By this length adjustment of the coupling region 17 to the frequency to be transmitted, the idle, which results at the end of the overlap region, transformed into a short circuit at the interruption in the coaxial system, whereby the signal transmission is ensured.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a second embodiment by a connector according to the present invention. Here, in comparison to the first embodiment, the plug part is made simpler by using as an RF cable Semi-rigid cable (eg UT141) is used, the inner conductor is also the plug contact for the signal line. As a result, the assembly effort in the cable assembly is reduced considerably.

The connector consists of a socket 12 and a plug 22. To the socket 12, a coaxial line 11 is connected, which is connected to a transmitting and receiving unit. The coaxial line 11 consists of a serving as a shield line outer conductor 14 and a signal-carrying inner conductor 13. The inner conductor 13 and the outer conductor 14 are mutually insulated by a dielectric 10. The outer conductor 14 of the coaxial line is connected to the outer conductor of the socket 15. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the inner conductor of the socket 16.

The coaxial line 21 also consists of a signal leading inner conductor 23 and serving as a shield line outer conductor 24, which are mutually insulated by a dielectric 20. The outer conductor 24 of the coaxial line is identical to the outer conductor 25 of the plug 22. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is identical to the pin-shaped inner conductor 26 of the plug 22.

For mechanical attachment of the RF cable 21, or of the plug 22 to a housing (for example an electronics insert), the plug 22 has a fastening flange 27, which geometrically clearly separates the plug 22 from the coaxial cable connected thereto. The mounting flange 27 in turn has holes or threads (not shown), which are used for attachment to a housing.

The socket 12 has on the plug side facing a cup-shaped recess 18 which is designed such that the plug 22 into the recess fits into it. The cup-shaped recess 18 is followed by a further smaller cup-shaped recess 18 'into which the pin-shaped inner conductor 26 of the plug 22 fits. The cup-shaped recess 18 has a length of λ / 4 in the insertion direction at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted. This area is indicated as the coupling area 17 of the plug connection. The cup-shaped recess 18 is surrounded by a separator 19 made of dielectric material. The separator 19 has a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to ensure the prescribed isolation of 500 volts.

Here, too, results for the lower frequency range, a capacitive coupling between the outer conductor 15 of the socket and the outer conductor 25 of the plug 22 in the coupling region 17 of the overlapping outer conductors 15 and 25. The outer conductors 15 and 25 are by a separating element 19 (preferably made of PTFE ) isolated each other. For the transmission of higher frequencies in turn applies the transformation of the open circuit into a short circuit. For this purpose, the

Coupling region 17 at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted to a length of λ / 4.

Fig. 3a is a longitudinal section of a further embodiment by a connector according to the present invention. The plug 22 and the

Socket 12 are largely identical to the corresponding components of the second embodiment. In contrast to the second embodiment, however, a coupling of the signal line takes place in addition to the coupling of the shield line. Thus, the capacitors that separate the signal line according to the prior art in the RF module, superfluous.

The connector consists of a socket 12 and a plug 22. To the socket 12, a coaxial line 11 is connected to a transmitting and Receiving unit is connected. The coaxial line 11 consists of a serving as a shield line outer conductor 14 and a signal leading inner conductor 13. The optical waveguide 13 and the outer conductor 14 are mutually insulated by a dielectric 10. The outer conductor 14 of the coaxial line is connected to the outer conductor of the socket 15. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the inner conductor of the socket 16.

The coaxial line 21 also consists of a signal leading inner conductor 23 and serving as a shield line outer conductor 24, which are mutually insulated by a dielectric 20. The outer conductor 24 of the coaxial line is connected to the

Outer conductor 25 of the plug 22 identical. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is continued in a pin-shaped inner conductor 26 of the plug 22, which is surrounded by a separating element 28 of dielectric material (preferably PTFE).

The socket 12 has on the plug side facing a cup-shaped recess 18 which is designed such that the plug 22 fits into the recess. The cup-shaped recess 18 is followed by a further smaller cup-shaped recess 18 'into which the pin-shaped inner conductor 26 of the plug 22 fits. The cup-shaped recesses 18 and 18 'each have a length of λ / 4 in the insertion direction at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted. These areas are referred to as coupling regions 17 of the connector. The cup-like recess 18 is also surrounded by a separator 19 of dielectric. The separator 19 has a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to ensure the prescribed isolation voltage of 500 volts.

This design of the connector, in addition to the coupling of the shield line and a coupling of the signal line is possible. As in the embodiments 1 and 2, the coupling is capacitive in the lower frequency range. For the transmission of higher frequencies, the transformation of the open circuit into a short circuit also applies here as before.

In Fig. 3b, a variant of the plug 22 of the third embodiment is shown. In contrast to the plug 22 of the third embodiment, the separating element 28 is not in the interior of the socket, but surrounds as part of the plug 22, the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22nd

Figures 4a and 4b illustrate the installation of the connector according to the invention in a sensor. 4a shows an example of the installation of a connector according to the present invention in a transmitting and receiving unit in the extended state.

The plug 22, which is connected to the coaxial line 21, protrudes through the bottom wall of the housing of the electronics unit 30. The plug 22 protrudes into a cup-like guide 33 of the electronic insert 30, which, on the one hand, provides clean guidance during mating and also protects the plug

To ensure mating. The housing of Elektronikeinlieit 30 is located in the interior of the sensor housing 30. The sensor housing 30 is closed with a lid (not shown) via the thread 34. The plug 22 is located in the axial direction, the bushing 12 opposite, which is arranged in the entrance area to the antenna 31.

Looking at Fig. 4b, which illustrates the sensor with the connector according to the invention in the mated state, it can be seen how the guide 30 is pushed into the neck-shaped input region of the antenna 31, wherein the guide 30 relative to the antenna input region by means of the O-ring 35 is sealed. The connector is thus insensitive to environmental conditions.

The sensor housing 34 is rotatable together with the housing of the electronics unit 30 including the plug 22 with respect to the antenna 31 and the sleeve 12. An exchange of the electronics insert 30, is made possible by simply pulling the electronics module. The removal of a cover according to the prior art, in order then to be able to remove the coaxial line, is eliminated.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment by a connector according to the present invention. The connector in turn consists of a socket 12 and a plug 22. The socket has an outer conductor 15 which is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line (not shown). The inner conductor of the socket 16 is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line (also not shown) and is surrounded by a dielectric 39, so that the outer conductor and the inner conductor of the socket are insulated from each other. The dielectric 39 may be, for example, Teflon (PTFE), glass, ceramic or even air.

The connector-side coaxial line 21 in turn consists of a signal leading inner conductor 23 and serving as a shield line outer conductor 24 through a dielectric 20 are mutually insulated. The outer conductor 24 is connected to the outer conductor 25 of the plug 22. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22. The inner conductor 26 and the outer conductor 25 of the plug are in turn isolated from each other by a dielectric as in the other embodiments.

The socket 12 has on the plug side facing a cup-shaped recess 18 which is designed such that the plug 22 fits into the recess. In this cup-shaped recess 18 is also a cup-like separator 19 made of dielectric material, preferably made of Teflon (PTFE) fitted. The separator 19 has a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to ensure the prescribed isolation voltage of 500 volts. In order to ensure the separating element 19 against unintentional detachment from the bushing 12, the separating element has on its outer circumference at least one snap hook 38 or a peripheral snap flange 38 which engages in a recess in the outer conductor of the bushing in the manner of a barb.

To the cup-shaped recess 18 closes, in order to obtain a dense and in particular gas-tight separation between the container atmosphere and the environment, a tubular glass duct 36, which is melted between the rear wall of the partition member 19 and the end of the dielectric 39. Of course, it is also possible to manufacture the bushing 36 in another pressure-resistant dielectric material, such as ceramic.

Through the pipe opening of the separating element 36 extends a pin-like

Inner conductor 37 which is connected by the melting process of the glass feedthrough 36 tightly connected to the glass duct 36. The pin-like inner conductor 37 is axially on both sides of the glass duct 36 via this over. The first end of the pin-like inner conductor is inserted into the inner conductor 16 of the bushing 12 and connected thereto. With its second end, the pin-like inner conductor 37 extends through the rear wall of the separating element 19 and is pushed into the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22 when plugged together. A possible modification of this embodiment may consist in that the inner conductor 16 of the bushing 12 itself is passed through the glass bushing 36 and merged with it and engages with the inner conductor 26 of the plug 22 during insertion, so that a separate pin-shaped inner conductor 37 can be omitted ,

As in the embodiments described above, the cup-shaped recess 18 in the insertion direction at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted has a length of λ / 4. Also in the embodiment described here, in addition to the coupling of the shielding line and a coupling of the signal line is possible, which makes a sheathing of at least the first or second end of the pin-shaped inner conductor required.

The coupling between the outer conductor 15 of the socket and the outer conductor 25 of the plug 22 takes place at low frequencies between the two in the coupling region 17 overlapping outer conductors 15, 25 capacitively. In order to ensure the transmission of higher frequencies, the coupling region 17 has a length of λ / 4 at a wavelength of λ to be transmitted. By this length adjustment of the coupling region 17 to the frequency to be transmitted, the idle, which results at the end of the overlap region, transformed into a short circuit at the interruption in the coaxial system, whereby the signal transmission is ensured. FIG. 6 shows the installation of the pressure-tight plug connection according to FIG. 5 in a sensor in the assembled state. The plug 22 protrudes into a cup-like guide 33 of the electronic insert 30, which is intended to ensure a clean leadership when mating as well as a protection of the plug when mating. The housing of the electronics unit 30 is located in the interior of the sensor housing 30. The sensor housing 30 is closed with a cover (not shown) via the thread 34.

As can be seen in FIG. 6, which illustrates the sensor with the plug connection according to the invention in the assembled state, the guide 30 is pushed into the neck-shaped input region of the antenna 31. Here's the lead

30 sealed with respect to the antenna input region by means of the O-ring 35.

The connector is thus insensitive to environmental conditions.

If a gas pressure acts on the plug connection via the coaxial line coming from the antenna, this pressure can be transmitted via the glass leadthrough 36 of the

Outer conductor 15 of the socket 12 and the antenna 31 are intercepted.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung for transmitting microwave signals of a wavelength λ comprising a socket (12) and a plug (22), by means of which the ends to be joined together a coaxial line (11, 21) consisting of an inner conductor (13, 23) and the Iimenleiter (13, 23) surrounding outer conductors (14, 24) are coupled together, and a separating element (19) made of a dielectric material for the galvanic separation of at least the outer conductor (14, 24).

2. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 1, characterized in that the plug (22) has a radially outer lateral wall surface and the bushing (12) has a radially inner lateral wall surface, which in the inserted state by the

Separating element (19) in a coupling region (17) spaced opposite.

3. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separating element (19) in the bushing (12) is arranged.

4. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the separating element (19) consists of at least one of the materials from the group consisting of PTFE, ceramic and glass.

5. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that in the coupling region (17) between the outer lateral wall surface of the plug (22) and the inner lateral wall surface of the bush (12) the Treimelement (19) is arranged annularly.

6. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 5, characterized in that the annular Treimelement (19) has a minimum wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

7. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the separating element (19) receiving the coupling region (17) has an optimum length of λ / 4 in the axial direction.

8. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the bushing (12) has an outer conductor (15) which is connected to the outer conductor (10) of the coaxial line (11), and an inner conductor (16) which is connected to the inner conductor (13) of the coaxial line (11), wherein the inner (16) and the outer conductor (15) of the socket (12) by a dielectric (39) are mutually insulated.

9. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 8, characterized in that the dielectric (39) consists of at least one of the materials from the group consisting of air, ceramic, glass and PTFE.

10. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that between the separating element (19) and the dielectric of the (39) shielded inner conductor (16) has a tubular Durchfülirung (36) is melted, through which a pin-shaped inner conductor (37) extends, in the inserted state, the socket and plug-side inner conductor (16, 26) in Contact brings.

11. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the pin-shaped inner conductor (37) is a separate component.

12. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the passage (36) consists of glass or ceramic.

13. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung for transmitting microwave signals of a wavelength λ, the mutually connected ends of a coaxial line (11, 21) consisting of an inner conductor (13, 23) and an inner conductor (13, 23) surrounding outer conductor (14, 24) with each other with a socket (12) and a connector consisting of a coaxial cable end

(22) coupled by a separating element (19) made of a dielectric material for galvanic separation of at least the outer conductor (14, 24).

14. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 13, characterized in that the plug (22) has a radially outer lateral wall surface consisting of the outer conductor (24, 25), beyond which the inner conductor (26) protrudes pin-shaped, and the bush (12) has a radially inner Has lateral wall surface, which are opposite in the inserted state by the separating element (16) in a coupling region (17) spaced.

15. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the separating element (19) in the bush (12) is arranged.

16. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the separating element (19) from at least one of

Materials from the group consisting of PTFE, ceramics and glass.

17. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the inserted state of the socket (12) and plug (22) by means of a plug attached to the mounting flange (27) is ensured.

18. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that in the coupling region (17) between the outer lateral wall surface of the plug (22) and the inner lateral wall surface of the bush (12), the trem member (19) is arranged annularly.

19. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 18, characterized in that the annular Tremielement (19) has a minimum wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

20. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the separating element (19) receiving the coupling region (17) has an optimal length of λ / 4 in the axial direction.

21. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung for transmitting microwave signals of a wavelength λ, which connect to each other Ends of a coaxial line (11, 21) consisting of an inner conductor (13, 23) and an outer conductor (14, 24) surrounding the inner conductor (13, 23) are connected to one another by a socket (12) and a connector (22) consisting of a coaxial line end. by at least one separating element (19, 28) of dielectric materials for the electrical isolation of the outer conductor (14, 24) and the inner conductor (13, 23) coupled.

22. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 21, characterized in that the plug (22) has a radially outer lateral wall surface consisting of the outer conductor (25), beyond which the inner conductor (26) protrudes pin-shaped, and the bush (12) has a first radially inner lateral Wall surface, which in the inserted state by a first separating element in a first coupling region (17) spaced opposite each other, to which a second coupling region (17 ') connects, in which the pin-shaped inner conductor (26) of the plug (22) of a second radial inner side wall surface of the bush (12) by a second separating element (28) spaced opposite.

23. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 21 or 22, characterized in that the at least one separating element (19, 28) in the bushing (12) is arranged.

24. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the at least one separating element (19, 28) consists of at least one of the materials from the group PTFE, ceramic and glass.

25. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the inserted state of the socket (12) and plug (22) by means of a on the plug (22) mounted mounting flange (27) is ensured.

26. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 22, characterized in that both in the first coupling region (17) between the outer lateral wall surface of the plug (22) and the first radial inner lateral wall surface of the bushing (12) and in the second coupling region (17 '. ) between the pin-shaped inner conductor (26) and the second radial inner lateral wall surface of the bushing (12) each have a separating element (19, 28) is arranged annularly.

27. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the pin-shaped inner conductor (26) of a

Separating element (28) is surrounded.

28. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to claim 26, characterized in that the annular separating elements (19, 28) have a minimum wall thickness of 0.5 mm.

29. Koaxialleitungssteckverbindung according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that the separating elements (19, 28) receiving coupling regions (17, 17 ') each have an optimum length of λ / 4 in the axial direction.

30. socket (12) for coupling two coaxial lines (11, 21), each comprising an inner conductor (13, 23) and an inner conductor (13, 23) surrounding outer conductor (14, 24) and which are suitable for transmitting microwave signals of wavelength λ, of which one of the two coaxial lines (11, 21) in the socket (12) can be plugged, wherein a galvanic trimming of the outer (14, 24) and Iimenleiter (13, 23) by at least one in the socket (12) located separating element (19, 28) made of dielectric material.

31. Socket according to claim 30, characterized in that the bushing (12) is fastened directly to the waveguide for centric decoupling of the microwave signals in a waveguide.

32. plug (22) consisting of an outer conductor (25) and a via the outer conductor (25) pin-shaped projecting Iimenleiter (26), for coupling two coaxial lines (11, 21), each of an inner conductor (13, 23) and a the outer conductor (14, 24) surrounding the inner conductor (13, 23) and which are suitable for transmitting microwave signals of wavelength λ, wherein the pin-shaped inner conductor (26) is surrounded by a separating element (28) of dielectric material, whereby a galvanic separation the inner conductor (13, 23) of the coaxial line (11, 21) takes place.

33. Galvanic separation using separators (19,

28) of dielectric materials in a socket (12) or a plug (22) for coupling together ends of a coaxial line (11, 21), each of an inner conductor (13, 23) and the inner conductor (13, 23 ) surrounding outer conductors (14, 24) and which are suitable for transmitting microwave signals of wavelength λ.