EP1449976A1 - Prefabricated wall element and apparatus and method of manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated wall panel element (1) comprises a support (2) on which the bricks are laid and a transport anchor is fixed. The element consists of supporting rear brickwork (3) and faced brickwork (6) arranged in front of the rear brickwork. The bricks (4) of the rear brickwork are laid on one side of the support and the bricks (7) of the faced brickwork are laid on the other side. Independent claims are also included for: (1) System for producing prefabricated wall panel elements; and Production of prefabricated wall panel elements. Preferred Features: The support is a metal profile.

Description

The invention relates to a wall panel prefabricated element according to the preamble of claim 1 and to one Plant and a method for producing the same.

Such prefabricated wall panel elements are factory-made according to the construction plans of the building to be constructed Bricks bricked up. According to EP 1 111 248 A1 a wall station with a lowerable table is provided. Next the table is a line up on which a row of bricks is lined up. With a transfer device grabbed the brick line and put it on the table. In this way, the wall panel is bricked up line by line, with the table one brick height for each row is lowered.

The prefabricated wall panel elements built in this way become transported to the respective construction site and there to the Building put together. For this, the finished wall panels equipped with transport anchors to use a crane or the same hoist can be moved. From EP 1 111 149 A2 it is already known that there are passage recesses in the wall panels to be provided in the transport anchor is introduced and mortar is poured to the lifting anchor to anchor in the wall panel. To less stable wall panels, like a wall panel with a door opening, to stabilize a foot beam can be provided on which the Transport anchors are attached.

The well-known wall panels are intended for single-layer walls. However, there are also two-layer walls, in particular Walls made of load-bearing backing, for example from large gas concrete blocks and facing brickwork e.g. from small bricks, in particular Brick bricks exist, which are in the distance in front of the back masonry is arranged to form a cavity.

The object of the invention is a prefabricated wall panel element with transport anchors for such two-layer walls provide.

This is inventively characterized by that in claim 1 Wall plaque reached. In subclaims 2 to 9 are advantageous embodiments of the invention Wall plaque reproduced. In claim 10 is a system characterized for the manufacture of the wall panel according to the invention and in claim 11 a method of manufacture the same, which by the measures of claim 12 is further developed. The prefabricated wall panel element is also referred to here briefly as "wall panel".

The prefabricated wall panel according to the invention consists of a load-bearing masonry and one in front of it at a distance arranged facing masonry. The bricks of the back masonry are on one and the bricks of the facing masonry on the other side one as a foot support trained carrier bricked up. Through the space between the back brickwork and the facing brickwork preferably extend those attached to the carrier Transport anchors upwards so far that they have a gripping device can be gripped, e.g. on a rope or other lifting equipment of the crane or hoist attached are. The gripping device can act as a clamping gripper be formed as described in EP 1 111 149 A2.

The transport anchors are preferably designed as rods, however, e.g. also chains or other lifting devices his. The carrier preferably consists of a metal profile, in particular steel profile, for example one corresponding curved sheet. However, the carrier can e.g. also be a concrete beam, for example similar to a prestressed concrete lintel. Push rods can also be used as a carrier be provided at the foot of the wall panel, on which lifting devices, like chain hangers, attached to both sides of the wall panel are.

To fasten the transport anchor in the metal profile Holes may be provided through which the lifting anchor is pushed from below. The transport anchor points to his a protrusion, for example a crank which grips under the metal profile beam. Introducing the transport anchor can be made so that the two-layer Wall on a table, pallet or the like Underlay is bricked up, which when walling is lowered accordingly.

At least two are preferably at a distance from each wall panel arranged lifting anchors provided to them by crane or to be able to move another hoist.

The metal profile can consist of a vertically arranged V-shaped middle profile section and two of the two legs of the V laterally horizontally protruding profile sections exist, the V-shaped profile section with the top of the V pointing upwards Gap between the back brickwork and the facing brickwork protrudes. Instead of the V, the middle section of the profile e.g. also U-shaped or rectangular his. Holes or other openings for attaching the Transport anchors on the carrier are in the area of the tip of the V provided. While the bricks of the back masonry built on one side of the protruding profile section become the bricks of the facing masonry on the other laterally protruding profile section bricked up.

By simultaneously bricking up the facing masonry and the back brickwork in the factory, it is possible as on usual on the construction site, composite anchors between the facing masonry and to install the backing. If the composite anchor provided with a hole or the like opening are they can also be used as a holder for the Serve as transport anchors. The carrier also fulfills the Safety requirements for moving finished parts, to prevent workers from falling Bricks get damaged when hanging on a crane Wall panel e.g. commutes against the building, namely the requirement that the wall panels withstand the impact without parts falling off it.

A preferred plant for producing the invention Wall plaque has a lowerable table that supports the carrier to build up the back masonry and to build up of the facing masonry and through which the lifting anchor protrudes into the opening in the carrier, two rows of lines, on one and the other side of the table, each a row of bricks for the back masonry or take up the facing masonry and a transfer device on the row of bricks on one line to the back wall on one side of the Beam and the brick line on the other line to the facing brickwork on the other side of the Carrier masonry.

The table need not be lowered. It is also possible, not to lower the wall when the walls are up, the layers of the wall with the displacement gripper to lift accordingly and the Retrofit anchor e.g. to be installed from above, for example the transport anchor into one of the openings to screw the nut attached to the carrier. So that can the lifting anchor can also be mounted from above. Instead of one Moving device that both the facing brickwork how the masonry backs up can be one separate transfer device for the facing brickwork and the back wall should be provided.

The most important procedural aspect of the invention is that both sides of the wall are bricked up at the same time and are also transported and moved together. This saves complicated assembly and fixing the facing or facing masonry to the previously raised rear masonry, as is the case with the stand technology is the case. In addition, the invention Two-layer masonry is much more stable and therefore lighter to be transported as a layer of wall alone. Become Prefabricated wall panels prefabricated alone, so they are because their slenderness is particularly prone to tipping and breaking.

Figur 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines doppelschichtigen Mauertafel-Fertigteil-Elements;

Figur 2 eine der Figur 1 entsprechende Ansicht, jedoch ohne Verblendmauerwerk;

Figur 3 einen Querschnitt durch das Mauertafel-Fertigteil-Element nach Figur 1;

Figur 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht des unteren Teils des Elements nach Figur 3; und

Figur 5 schematisch eine Anlage zur Herstellung des Mauertafel-Fertigteil-Elements.

An embodiment of the wall panel according to the invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing. In it show:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a double-layer wall panel prefabricated element;

Figure 2 is a view corresponding to Figure 1, but without facing masonry;

FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the prefabricated wall panel element according to FIG. 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the lower part of the element of Figure 3; and

Figure 5 schematically shows a system for producing the pre-fabricated wall panel element.

The prefabricated wall panel element 1 for an exposed wall has a support 2, on which a load-bearing rear masonry 3 e.g. built up of large concrete or gas concrete blocks 4 is and in front of the back masonry 2 at a distance of e.g. 5 to 20 cm to form a space 5 Facing masonry 6 e.g. from bricks 7, for example Brick bricks. Extend through the space 5 two transport anchor rods 8 arranged at a distance from the carrier 2 vertically upwards.

The carrier 2 consists of e.g. made of sheet metal accordingly curved metal profile. 4 shows the metal profile a central profile section 10 with two legs 11, 12 and two of the two legs 11, 12 laterally protruding profile sections 13, 14. During the middle Profile section 10 in the space 5 between the Back masonry 3 and facing brickwork 6 protrudes on the one laterally projecting profile section 13 Masonry stones 4 of the rear masonry 3, and on the other laterally projecting profile section 14 Bricks 7 of the facing brickwork 6. The middle section 10 has openings 15 in the middle (FIG. 2). The transport anchor rods are through one of these openings 15 8 stuck at the bottom with a crank or the like projection 16 are provided, which the Reaches under the metal profile 2 at the opening 15 (FIG. 4).

The central profile section 10 is V-shaped, with the upward tip of the V in the space 5 protrudes. In the area of the top of the V are also the openings 15 through which the lifting rod rods 8 are inserted. It is understood that the middle profile section 19 does not have to be V-shaped, but can also be U-shaped or rectangular.

The two masonry 3 and 6 are additionally by wall anchors 17 connected together. Each wall anchor 17 engages with one end in the mortar not shown or other layer of binder between the bricks 4 of the back brickwork 3 and with the other end in the mortar or other binder layer, not shown between the bricks 7 of the facing masonry 6 a. In the area between the bricks 4 and 7 the masonry 3 and 6, the wall anchor 17 are thinner, for example leaf-shaped (Fig. 4). The wall anchors 17 are provided with an opening 18 through which the Transport anchor rod 8 can be inserted.

According to Figure 5, the system for producing the wall panel 1 a wall section 20 with a lowerable table 21 on which the support 2 for bricking up the rear masonry 3 on one side and for bricking up the facing masonry 6 on the other side. They protrude through the openings 15 in the carrier 2, the transport anchor rods 8 according to Figure 1 to 4. On both sides of the table 21, the one Length that is at least as long as the length of the Is 1, there is a row 22, 23, for example, a conveyor belt. Every line up 22, 23 takes a brick row 24, 25 for that Back brickwork 3 or for the facing brickwork 6, wherein the length of the brick rows 24, 25 the length of the wall plate 1 to be walled up corresponds. Furthermore, everyone is Line-up distance 22, 23 is illustrated by the arrows 26, 27 Assigned offset device, for example a gripping device with which the brick line 24 to the rear masonry 3 on one side of the beam 2 or the laterally projecting section 13 of the carrier profile 2 and the brick line 25 on the other line 23 to the facing brickwork 6 on the other side of the carrier 2 or the laterally projecting section 14 the support profile 2 is bricked up.

The procedure is such that the transport anchor rods 8 with the crank 16 at its lower end on the floor Support 28 and through the table 21 and each Project opening 15 in the carrier 2. The masonry takes place in the way that first a brick line 25 from the Line-up line 23 and a brick line 24 from the line-up line 22 to the laterally projecting section 14 or 13 of the carrier profile 2 with the displacement device 27 or 26 is offset. The bricks 7 of the facing masonry 6 have a third of the height of the bricks 4 of the Back brickwork 3. The table 21 is then moved to the height of the Bricks 7 lowered. After the bricking up of two more Brick lines 25 with the displacement device 27 of the Line up 23 and lower by the height of the bricks 7 after the bricking up of each brick row 25 Wall anchor 17 placed on the transport anchor rods 8, whereupon another brick row 24 for the rear masonry 3 and three brick rows 25 for the facing masonry 6 can be bricked up. These processes will then become corresponding often repeated until the desired height of the wall panel 1 is reached. So lowering the table can after bricking up the height of one or a group of Bricks before bricking up the next row of bricks respectively. That is, the table does not have to be after everyone Brick line to be lowered. The lowering serves in primarily to help the operator at any manual intervention to work at a favorable height enable. Otherwise, the gripper can Place brick lines at different heights.

At the end protruding from the wall panel 1 above the transport anchor rods 8, for example, with a clamping handle be taken to them with a crane or the like Loading hoist onto the transport vehicle at the factory and put together at the construction site when building the structure.

Claims (12)

Wall panel prefabricated element with a support on which the bricks are bricked up and to which at least one transport anchor is fastened, characterized in that the wall panel prefabricated element (1) has a supporting rear masonry (3) and a facing brickwork arranged in front of it (6) and the bricks (4) of the rear brickwork (3) on one side and the bricks (7) of the facing brickwork (6) on the other side of the support (2) are bricked up. Wall panel prefabricated element according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport anchor (8) extends through the intermediate space (5) between the rear masonry (3) and the facing brickwork (6) and from the wall panel prefabricated element (1) above protrudes. Wall panel prefabricated element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier (2) is formed by a metal profile. Prefabricated wall panel element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport anchor (8) for attachment to the carrier (2) is passed through an opening (15) in the carrier (2) and is provided with a projection (16) which engages under the carrier (2). Wall panel prefabricated element according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the metal profile from a central profile section (10) with two legs (11, 12) and two profile sections (13, 12) projecting laterally from the two legs (11, 12) 14), with the central profile section (10) projecting upwards into the intermediate space (5) between the rear masonry (3) and the facing masonry (6), the opening (15) for fastening the transport anchor (8) in the central profile section ( 10) is provided and the bricks (4) of the rear masonry (3) on one side projecting profile section (13) and the masonry (7) of the facing brickwork (6) on the other side projecting profile section (14) are bricked up. Wall panel prefabricated element according to claim 5, characterized in that the central profile section (10) is V-shaped, with the upward-pointing tip of the V protrudes into the intermediate space (5) and in the region of the tip of the V the opening ( 15) for fastening the transport anchor (8). Prefabricated wall panel element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear brickwork (3) and the facing brickwork (6) are connected to one another by wall anchors (17). Prefabricated wall panel element according to claim 7, characterized in that the wall anchors (17) with one end in the binder layer between the bricks (4) of the backing brickwork (3) and with the other end in the binder layer between the bricks (7) of the facing brickwork (6) are anchored. Wall panel prefabricated element according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the wall anchors (17) have an opening (18) through which the transport anchors (8) are passed. Plant for the production of prefabricated wall panel elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a table (21) which receives the support (2) for bricking up the rear masonry (3) and for bricking up the facing brickwork (6), by two rows ( 22, 23), on one and the other side of the table (21), which each receive a brick line (24, 25) for the rear masonry (3) or the facing brickwork (6) and by at least one displacement device (26, 27 ), the brick line (24) on one line (22) to the rear masonry (3) on one side of the beam (2) and the brick line (25) on the other line (20) to the facing brick (6) the other side of the support (2). Method for producing prefabricated wall panel elements according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the carrier (2) is placed on a lowerable table (21), the transport anchor (8) through the table (21) and through Opening (15) in the carrier (2) is guided, a brick line (24) for the backing brickwork (3) on one side of the table (21) on a line (22) and a brick line (25) for the facing brickwork (6) is lined up on the other side of the table (21), the brick row (24) on one row (22) to the brickwork (3) on one side of the beam (2) and the brick row (25) on the other row ( 23) is bricked up to the facing brickwork (6) on the other side of the support (2) and after the bricking up of the table (21) by the height of one or a group of bricks (4, 7) before the next brick row (24 , 25) is lowered. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that in the case of bricks (4, 7) of different heights for the rear masonry (3) and for the facing masonry (6), a wall row (25) of the rear masonry (3) and a wall row (25) of the facing masonry ( 6) is placed on the support (2), then the table (21) is lowered by the height of the low bricks (7) and the masonry (6) with the low bricks (7) row (25) for row (25) is lowered while lowering the table (21) until it reaches the height of the brick row (24) with the higher bricks (4), then again a brick row (24) of the back brickwork (3) and a brick row (25) of the facing brickwork (6 ) is bricked up, etc.

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