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EP1330320B1 - Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel - Google Patents

Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1330320B1
EP1330320B1 EP01992620A EP01992620A EP1330320B1 EP 1330320 B1 EP1330320 B1 EP 1330320B1 EP 01992620 A EP01992620 A EP 01992620A EP 01992620 A EP01992620 A EP 01992620A EP 1330320 B1 EP1330320 B1 EP 1330320B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preform
ironing
during
side wall
mandrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01992620A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1330320A1 (en
Inventor
Aribert Schwager
Fritz Bleyl
Manfred Kammerer
Klaus Siegert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungsgesellschaft Umformtechnik mbH
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Forschungsgesellschaft Umformtechnik mbH
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Publication date
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Priority to EP06007394A priority Critical patent/EP1700651A1/en
Publication of EP1330320A1 publication Critical patent/EP1330320A1/en
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Publication of EP1330320B1 publication Critical patent/EP1330320B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a ring gear, according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • Such internal gears are generated for example by pressure-rolling.
  • a cup-shaped preform is gem. DE 198 30 817 A1 pressed by means of tapered rollers during a feed movement against a tool chuck, which has the outer profile of the internal teeth to be generated, and reduced in diameter, wherein the preform rotates relative to the tapered rollers.
  • the material of the cylinder wall region of the preform flows into the profile of the tool chuck, whereby the inner profile of the workpiece is generated.
  • the disadvantage is the workpiece material demanding high flexing work in the flow-forming and thus insufficient quality of the internal teeth produced.
  • the flexing work is also associated with a high local energy input, which leads to energy losses. Due to the high stress of the tool chuck, it often comes to a breaking out of the outer teeth shown therein.
  • the productivity of this method is relatively low with a high device cost, because it can be made only 3 to 4 parts per minute.
  • JP 61 038732 A describes the production of a workpiece with internal toothing by means of ironing, wherein an upper die is lowered and thus a further die is pressed against a cup-shaped preform whose bottom has an elongated formation running in the direction of the upper die.
  • the face of the preform is seated during the downward movement on a stop of the mandrel, which in turn is held shock-damped by hydraulic cylinders. Due to the very specific design of the preform or the workpiece and, accordingly, the tool, this device has only limited use.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for energy-saving production of a workpiece with internal teeth, in particular a ring gear, which ensure a significant increase in productivity with high quality of the internal teeth in a relatively simple structural design of the device.
  • the device for producing a workpiece with internal teeth in particular a ring gear for transmission, has a mandrel with an outer profile corresponding to the internal teeth to be generated, and a forming tool, which reduces the outer diameter of a cup-shaped preform during a feed movement, whereby material of the cylinder wall area in the outer profile the spine flows.
  • a drawing ring is used as the forming tool, which ensures ironing of the cylinder wall area during the advancing movement and acts on the preform during the ironing two tool elements generating axial compressive stresses in the cylindrical side wall of the preform, the preform being directed towards the end face of the cylindrical side wall first die element in the form of an axially movable, designed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve plunger is arranged such that it acts during the ironing on the end face with a force.
  • an axially movable counter-holder is arranged such that it acts during the ironing on the bottom of the bottom of the preform with a counter-holding force.
  • the counter-holder can have a circular pressure surface pointing in the direction of the underside of the base, which acts essentially on the entire bottom region, or an annular pressure surface, which is adapted to the width of the cylinder wall of the preform and aligned substantially flush with it, and onto the edge region of the preform Bottom of the bottom of the preform acts.
  • the pressure stamp is axially movable in the direction of the advancing movement of the drawing ring by a movement corresponding to the ironing length of the preform.
  • the axial lifting movement of the plunger taking place during ironing can be regulated as a function of its pressure force.
  • the plunger is mounted axially movable via a hydraulic piston.
  • the device may advantageously be integrated in a hydraulic press, consisting of a press table and a press ram.
  • the mandrel is arranged axially fixed on the press table and mounted on the mandrel, axially displaceable via a hydraulic piston, the plunger.
  • the plunger At the press ram of the pull ring are preferably fixed to the frame and the counter-holder preferably arranged axially movable via a hydraulic piston.
  • the plunger is preferably formed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve.
  • The, the length of the Preform adapted, distance of the pressure surface of the plunger to the end face of the mandrel is adjustable for example via spacers.
  • the mandrel is rotatably mounted when producing a helical toothing.
  • the production of the workpiece with internal teeth characterized in that a cup-shaped preform, having a bottom and a substantially cylindrical side wall, over a mandrel, which has the outer profile corresponding to the internal teeth to be generated, is reduced in its outer diameter, so that material of Cylinder wall portion flows into the outer profile of the mandrel, according to the invention reducing the outer diameter by ironing by means of a draw ring and during the ironing additional axial compressive stresses are applied to the cylindrical side wall of the preform, which are produced by two acting on both sides of the cylindrical side wall of the tool elements , wherein in the direction of the end face of the cylindrical side wall of the preform, a first tool element in the form of an axially movable, designed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve, plunger during the ironing on the end face with a force acts.
  • a counter-holder simultaneously acts on the underside of the bottom in order to avoid deformations in the bottom region and to apply a counter-holding force.
  • the counter-holding force of the counter-holder and the force of the plunger should be mutually adjustable so that during the entire Abstreckvorganges a flow of material is ensured in the radial direction to completely fill the contour of the mandrel.
  • the plunger performs an axial stroke movement corresponding to the ironing length of the preform in the direction of the advancing movement of the drawing ring, which is regulated as a function of its pressure force.
  • the productivity can be increased by 4 to 6 times in comparison to the spin forming.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 the basic structure of the device integrated in a press is shown.
  • the lower tool part 2 On the press table 1, the lower tool part 2 is arranged, which has a first hydraulic piston 3.
  • On the lower tool part 2 is axially fixed on a punch 4 of the mandrel 5 is fixed, which has an outer profile 6.
  • the hydraulic piston 3 is mounted on an adapter 8 of the printing sleeve designed as a pressure piston 9 axially movable.
  • the axial position of the plunger 9 can be changed over distances 10, the between Adapter 8 and plunger 9 are attachable.
  • the tool upper part 11 is arranged on the press ram P and has a counter-holder 12, which is axially adjustable via a second hydraulic piston 13.
  • the drawing ring 14 is further fixed to the frame via an adapter 15.
  • Gem. Fig. 1 the cup-shaped preform N was inserted with the cylindrical side wall N1 down over the mandrel 5, so that the end face N2 in the direction of the plunger 9 and the bottom of the bottom N3 in the direction of the anvil 12 has.
  • the hydraulic piston 13 moves the counter-holder 12 in the direction of the tool lower part until the counter-holder 12 rests against the underside of the base N3.
  • the frame-mounted on the press ram P frame 14 moves in the forward stroke with the press ram P in the direction of the press table 1, simultaneously the first hydraulic piston 3 is pressurized and presses the plunger 9 with the force F1 against the end face N2 of the preform N (Fig. 2).
  • the counter-holder 12 exerts a counterhold force F2 on the bottom of the cup.
  • the pressure piston 9 performs a movement in the direction of the preliminary stroke of the drawing ring 14 in accordance with the ironing of the preform N, the pressure acting on the side wall N1 being produced by the forces F1 and F2 is maintained.
  • the material flow is favored so that material flows reliably into the profile 6 of the mandrel 5. This ensures excellent quality of the internal teeth.
  • Fig. 3 and 4 in the counter-holder 12 provide a material overflow 12.2.
  • the counter-holder 12 has in the direction of the preform N a pressure piece 12.1, which is also reduced in diameter in the direction of the preform N, so that between the pressure piece 12.1 and adapter 15, a gap is formed, in which the excess material can flow and thus as Material overflow 12.2 is used.
  • FIG. 5 it is also possible, in addition to the material overflow 12.2 provided in FIGS. 3 and 4, to arrange a further material overflow 12.3 at the end of the cylindrical side wall N1.
  • This can be the gap between serve the outer diameter of the plunger 9 and the inner diameter of the pull ring 14.
  • an increased axial pressure is exerted for calibrating in order to achieve a better filling and a higher accuracy of the internal toothing.
  • the possibly excess material can flow off as described above.
  • the increased pressure can now be applied, for example, by the pressure piston 9 being connected to a threaded ring G1 via an intermediate piece Z which has threads G at its outer diameter and which in turn is connected to the cylinder 3.1 and thus via the lower tool part 2 the press table 1 is supported.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

A process and assembly are employed to manufacture a work piece with internal gear teeth e.g. a hollow wheel. The operation begins with a cup-shaped preform (N) with an essentially cylindrical side wall (N1) and drift (5). The outer profile corresponds to the internal teeth to be produced.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Werkstückes mit Innenverzahnung, insbesondere eines Hohlrades, nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruchs.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a ring gear, according to the preamble of the first claim.

Derartige Innenverzahnungen werden beispielsweise durch Drückwalzen erzeugt. Eine napfförmige Vorform wird dabei gem. DE 198 30 817 A1 mittels Kegelrollen während einer Vorschubbewegung gegen ein Werkzeugfutter gedrückt, welches das Außenprofil der zu erzeugenden Innenverzahnung aufweist, und im Durchmesser reduziert, wobei die Vorform relativ zu den Kegelrollen rotiert. Der Werkstoff des Zylinderwandbereiches der Vorform fließt dabei in das Profil des Werkzeugfutters, wodurch das Innenprofil des Werkstücks erzeugt wird. Nachteilig ist die den Werkstückwerkstoff beanspruchende hohe Walkarbeit beim Drückwalzen und die damit ungenügende Qualität der erzeugten Innenverzahnung. Mit der Walkarbeit ist ebenfalls ein hoher lokaler Energieeintrag verbunden, welcher zu Energieverlusten führt. Durch die hohe Beanspruchung des Werkzeugfutters kommt es häufig zu einem Ausbrechen der darin abgebildeten Außenverzahnung.Such internal gears are generated for example by pressure-rolling. A cup-shaped preform is gem. DE 198 30 817 A1 pressed by means of tapered rollers during a feed movement against a tool chuck, which has the outer profile of the internal teeth to be generated, and reduced in diameter, wherein the preform rotates relative to the tapered rollers. The material of the cylinder wall region of the preform flows into the profile of the tool chuck, whereby the inner profile of the workpiece is generated. The disadvantage is the workpiece material demanding high flexing work in the flow-forming and thus insufficient quality of the internal teeth produced. The flexing work is also associated with a high local energy input, which leads to energy losses. Due to the high stress of the tool chuck, it often comes to a breaking out of the outer teeth shown therein.

Weiterhin ist die Produktivität dieses Verfahrens bei einem hohen Vorrichtungsaufwand relativ gering, denn es können nur 3 bis 4 Teile pro Minute gefertigt werden.Furthermore, the productivity of this method is relatively low with a high device cost, because it can be made only 3 to 4 parts per minute.

In JP 61 038732 A wird die Herstellung eines Werkstücks mit Innenverzahnung mittels Abstreckziehen beschrieben, wobei eine obere Matrize abgesenkt und damit eine weitere Matrize gegen eine napfförmige Vorform, deren Boden eine in Richtung obere Matrize verlaufende langgezogene Ausformung aufweist, gepresst wird. Die Stirnfläche der Vorform sitzt während der Abwärtsbewegung auf einem Anschlag des Dorns auf, der wiederum stoßgedämpft von Hydraulikzylindern gehalten wird. Auf Grund der sehr spezifischen Ausbildung der Vorform bzw. des Werkstücks und dementsprechend auch des Werkzeuges ist diese Vorrichtung nur begrenzt einsetzbar.JP 61 038732 A describes the production of a workpiece with internal toothing by means of ironing, wherein an upper die is lowered and thus a further die is pressed against a cup-shaped preform whose bottom has an elongated formation running in the direction of the upper die. The face of the preform is seated during the downward movement on a stop of the mandrel, which in turn is held shock-damped by hydraulic cylinders. Due to the very specific design of the preform or the workpiece and, accordingly, the tool, this device has only limited use.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur energiesparenden Herstellung eines Werkstückes mit Innenverzahnung, insbesondere eines Hohlrades, zu schaffen, die bei einer relativ einfachen konstruktiven Ausführung der Vorrichtung eine wesentliche Steigerung Produktivität bei hoher Qualität der Innenverzahnung gewährleisten.The object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for energy-saving production of a workpiece with internal teeth, in particular a ring gear, which ensure a significant increase in productivity with high quality of the internal teeth in a relatively simple structural design of the device.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des 1. und 15. Patentanspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of the 1st and 15th claim.

Die Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Werkstückes mit Innenverzahnung, insbesondere eines Hohlrades für Getriebe, weist einen Dorn mit einem Außenprofil entsprechend der zu erzeugenden Innenverzahnung auf, sowie ein Umformwerkzeug, welches während einer Vorschubbewegung den Außendurchmesser einer napfförmigen Vorform reduziert, wodurch Werkstoff des Zylinderwandbereiches in das Außenprofil des Dorns fließt. Erfindungsgemäß findet als Umformwerkzeug ein Ziehring Anwendung, der bei einer Vorschubbewegung ein Abstreckziehen des Zylinderwandbereiches gewährleistet, und an der Vorform während des Abstreckziehens zwei, in der zylindrischen Seitenwandung der Vorform axiale Druckspannungen erzeugende Werkzeugelemente angreifen, wobei in Richtung zur Stirnfläche der zylindrischen Seitenwandung der Vorform ein erstes Werkzeugelement in Form eines axial beweglichen, als eine zylindrische Druckhülse ausgebildeten Druckstempels derartig angeordnet ist, dass es während des Abstreckziehens auf die Stirnfläche mit einer Kraft wirkt.The device for producing a workpiece with internal teeth, in particular a ring gear for transmission, has a mandrel with an outer profile corresponding to the internal teeth to be generated, and a forming tool, which reduces the outer diameter of a cup-shaped preform during a feed movement, whereby material of the cylinder wall area in the outer profile the spine flows. In accordance with the invention, a drawing ring is used as the forming tool, which ensures ironing of the cylinder wall area during the advancing movement and acts on the preform during the ironing two tool elements generating axial compressive stresses in the cylindrical side wall of the preform, the preform being directed towards the end face of the cylindrical side wall first die element in the form of an axially movable, designed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve plunger is arranged such that it acts during the ironing on the end face with a force.

Vorteilhafter Weise is in Richtung zur Unterseite des Bodens der Vorform ein axial beweglicher Gegenhalter derartig angeordnet, daß er während des Abstreckziehens auf die Unterseite des Bodens der Vorform mit einer Gegenhalterkraft wirkt. Der Gegenhalter kann dabei eine in Richtung zur Unterseite des Bodens weisende kreisförmige Druckfläche aufweisen, die im wesentlichen auf den gesamten Bodenbereich wirkt, oder eine ringförmige Druckfläche, die der Breite der Zylinderwandung der Vorform angepaßt und im wesentlichen fluchtend zu dieser ausgerichtet ist und auf den Randbereich der Unterseite des Bodens der Vorform wirkt.Advantageously, towards the bottom of the bottom of the preform an axially movable counter-holder is arranged such that it acts during the ironing on the bottom of the bottom of the preform with a counter-holding force. Of the The counter-holder can have a circular pressure surface pointing in the direction of the underside of the base, which acts essentially on the entire bottom region, or an annular pressure surface, which is adapted to the width of the cylinder wall of the preform and aligned substantially flush with it, and onto the edge region of the preform Bottom of the bottom of the preform acts.

Der Druckstempel ist dabei während des Abstreckziehens um eine, der Abstrecklänge der Vorform entsprechende, Bewegung in Richtung der Vorschubbewegung des Ziehrings axial bewegbar. Vorteilhafter Weise ist die während des Abstreckziehens erfolgende axiale Hubbewegung des Druckstempels in Abhängigkeit von dessen Druckkraft regelbar. Dazu wird der Druckstempel über einen Hydraulikkolben axial beweglich gelagert.During the ironing operation, the pressure stamp is axially movable in the direction of the advancing movement of the drawing ring by a movement corresponding to the ironing length of the preform. Advantageously, the axial lifting movement of the plunger taking place during ironing can be regulated as a function of its pressure force. For this purpose, the plunger is mounted axially movable via a hydraulic piston.

Die Vorrichtung kann vorteilhafter Weise in eine hydraulische Presse, bestehend aus einem Pressentisch und einem Pressenstößel integriert sein. Dabei ist am Pressentisch der Dorn axial feststehend angeordnet und auf dem Dorn, axial über einen Hydraulikkolben verschiebbar, der Druckstempel gelagert. Am Pressenstößel sind der Ziehring vorzugsweise gestellfest und der Gegenhalter vorzugsweise über einen Hydraulikkolben axial beweglich angeordnet. Der Druckstempel ist bevorzugt als eine zylindrische Drückhülse ausgebildet. Der, der Länge der Vorform angepaßte, Abstand der Druckfläche des Druckstempels zur der Stirnfläche des Dorns ist z.B. über Distanzringe einstellbar.
Zum Auswerfen des Werkstücks wird der Dorn bei Herstellung einer Schrägverzahnung drehbar gelagert.The device may advantageously be integrated in a hydraulic press, consisting of a press table and a press ram. In this case, the mandrel is arranged axially fixed on the press table and mounted on the mandrel, axially displaceable via a hydraulic piston, the plunger. At the press ram of the pull ring are preferably fixed to the frame and the counter-holder preferably arranged axially movable via a hydraulic piston. The plunger is preferably formed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve. The, the length of the Preform adapted, distance of the pressure surface of the plunger to the end face of the mandrel is adjustable for example via spacers.
For ejecting the workpiece, the mandrel is rotatably mounted when producing a helical toothing.

Verfahrensgemäß erfolgt die Herstellung des Werkstückes mit Innenverzahnung, dadurch, daß eine napfförmige Vorform, mit einem Boden und einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Seitenwandung, über einem Dorn, welcher das Außenprofil entsprechend der zu erzeugenden Innenverzahnung aufweist, in ihrem Außendurchmesser reduziert wird, so daß Werkstoff des Zylinderwandbereiches in das Außenprofil des Dorns fließt, wobei erfindungsgemäß das Reduzieren des Außendurchmessers durch Abstreckziehen mittels eines Ziehringes erfolgt und während des Abstreckziehens zusätzliche axiale Druckspannungen auf die zylindrische Seitenwandung der Vorform aufgebracht werden, welche durch zwei beidseitig auf den Bereich der zylindrischen Seitenwandung wirkende Werkzeugelemente erzeugt werden, wobei in Richtung zur Stirnfläche der zylindrischen Seitenwandung der Vorform ein erstes Werkzeugelement in Form eines axial beweglichen, als eine zylindrische Druckhülse ausgebildeten, Druckstempels während des Abstreckziehens auf die Stirnfläche mit einer Kraft wirkt.According to the method, the production of the workpiece with internal teeth, characterized in that a cup-shaped preform, having a bottom and a substantially cylindrical side wall, over a mandrel, which has the outer profile corresponding to the internal teeth to be generated, is reduced in its outer diameter, so that material of Cylinder wall portion flows into the outer profile of the mandrel, according to the invention reducing the outer diameter by ironing by means of a draw ring and during the ironing additional axial compressive stresses are applied to the cylindrical side wall of the preform, which are produced by two acting on both sides of the cylindrical side wall of the tool elements , wherein in the direction of the end face of the cylindrical side wall of the preform, a first tool element in the form of an axially movable, designed as a cylindrical pressure sleeve, plunger during the ironing on the end face with a force acts.

Während des Abstreckziehens werden axiale Druckspannungen auf die zylindrische Seitenwandung der Vorform aufgebracht, so daß der Werkstofffluß in das Profil des Dorns begünstigt wird.During ironing, axial compressive stresses are applied to the cylindrical sidewall of the preform so that the flow of material into the profile of the mandrel is favored.

Vorteilhafter Weise wirkt gleichzeitig an der Unterseite des Bodens ein Gegenhalter, um Deformationen im Bodenbereich zu vermeiden und eine Gegenhalterkraft aufzubringen. Die Gegenhalterkraft des Gegenhalters und die Kraft des Druckstempels sollten derart zueinander regelbar sein, daß während des gesamten Abstreckvorganges ein Werkstofffluß in radialer Richtung zum vollständigen Ausfüllen der Kontur des Dorns gewährleistet ist.
Der Druckstempel vollführt während des Abstreckziehens eine der Abstrecklänge der Vorform entsprechende axiale Hubbewegung in Richtung der Vorschubbewegung des Ziehrings, die in Abhängigkeit von dessen Druckkraft geregelt wird.Advantageously, a counter-holder simultaneously acts on the underside of the bottom in order to avoid deformations in the bottom region and to apply a counter-holding force. The counter-holding force of the counter-holder and the force of the plunger should be mutually adjustable so that during the entire Abstreckvorganges a flow of material is ensured in the radial direction to completely fill the contour of the mandrel.
During the ironing operation, the plunger performs an axial stroke movement corresponding to the ironing length of the preform in the direction of the advancing movement of the drawing ring, which is regulated as a function of its pressure force.

Mit der Erfindung wird es erstmalig möglich, auf einer herkömmlichen Presse innenverzahnte Werkstücke in hoher Qualität energiesparend zu erzeugen. Die Produktivität kann dabei im Vergleich zum Drückwalzen um das 4 bis 6-fache erhöht werden.With the invention, it is possible for the first time to produce energy-saving internally toothed workpieces in high quality on a conventional press. The productivity can be increased by 4 to 6 times in comparison to the spin forming.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment and associated drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
Vorrichtung mit eingelegter Vorform vor dem Abstreckziehen,
Fig. 2:
Vorrichtung während des Abstreckziehens,
Fig. 3:
Vorrichtung mit eingelegter Vorform und Materialüberlauf im Gegenhalter vor dem Abstreckziehen,
Fig. 4:
Vorrichtung gem. Fig. 3 während des Abstreckziehens,
Fig. 5:
Vorrichtung nach Beendigung des Abstreckziehens mit zusätzlichem Kalibierdruck und zusätzlichem Materialüberlauf am Ende des zylindrischen Randes des Werkstücks.
Show it:
Fig. 1:
Device with inserted preform before ironing,
Fig. 2:
Device during ironing,
3:
Device with inserted preform and material overflow in the anvil before ironing,
4:
Device acc. 3 during ironing,
Fig. 5:
Device after completion of the ironing with additional calibration pressure and additional material overflow at the end of the cylindrical edge of the workpiece.

In Fig. 1 und 2 ist der prinzipielle Aufbau der in einer Presse integrierten Vorrichtung dargestellt. Auf dem Pressentisch 1 ist das Werkzeugunterteil 2 angeordnet, welches einen ersten Hydraulikkolben 3 aufweist. Am Werkzeugunterteil 2 ist axial feststehend über einen Stempel 4 der Dorn 5 befestigt, welcher ein Außenprofil 6 aufweist. Mittig im Stempel 4 und im Dorn 5 verläuft ein Auswerfer 7. Am Hydraulikkolben 3 ist über einen Adapter 8 der als Druckhülse ausgebildete Druckstempel 9 axial beweglich gelagert. Die axiale Lage des Druckstempels 9 kann über Distanzen 10 verändert werden, die zwischen Adapter 8 und Druckstempel 9 anbringbar sind. Das Werkzeugoberteil 11 ist am Pressenstößel P angeordnet und weist einen Gegenhalter 12 auf , der über einen zweiten Hydraulikkolben 13 axial verstellbar ist. Am Pressenstößel ist weiterhin der Ziehring 14 über einen Adapter 15 gestellfest befestigt.
Gem. Fig. 1 wurde die napfförmige Vorform N mit der zylindrischen Seitenwandung N1 nach unten über den Dorn 5 eingelegt, so daß die Stirnfläche N2 in Richtung zum Druckstempel 9 und die Unterseite des Bodens N3 in Richtung zum Gegenhalter 12 weist. Verfahrensgemäß fährt der Hydraulikkolben 13 den Gegenhalter 12 in Richtung Werkzeugunterteil, bis der Gegenhalter 12 an der Unterseite des Bodens N3 anliegt.
Der am Pressenstößel P gestellfest angeordnete Ziehring 14 bewegt sich im Vorhub mit dem Pressenstößel P in Richtung zum Pressentisch 1, gleichzeitig wird der erste Hydraulikkolben 3 mit Druck beaufschlagt und preßt den Druckstempel 9 mit der Kraft F1 gegen die Stirnfläche N2 der Vorform N (Fig. 2). Gleichzeitig übt der Gegenhalter 12 eine Gegenhalterkraft F2 auf den Boden des Napfes aus. Während des Abstreckziehens vollführt der Druckstempel 9 entsprechend der Abstreckung der Vorform N eine Bewegung in Richtung des Vorhubes des Ziehrings 14, wobei der auf die Seitenwandung N1 wirkende Druck durch die Kräfte F1 und F2 aufrechterhalten wird. Durch die dabei in der Seitenwandung N1 erzeugten Druckspannungen wird der Werkstofffluß begünstigt, so dass Material zuverlässig in das Profil 6 des Dorns 5 fließt. Dadurch wird eine hervorragende Qualität der Innenverzahnung gewährleistet. Nach der Beendigung des Abstreckziehens fährt das Werkzeugoberteil 11 nach oben und das Werkstück wird über den Auswerfer 7 vom Dorn 5 gelöst, wobei dieser bei einer Schrägverzahnung drehbar gelagert ist.In Fig. 1 and 2, the basic structure of the device integrated in a press is shown. On the press table 1, the lower tool part 2 is arranged, which has a first hydraulic piston 3. On the lower tool part 2 is axially fixed on a punch 4 of the mandrel 5 is fixed, which has an outer profile 6. In the center of the punch 4 and the mandrel 5 extends an ejector 7. The hydraulic piston 3 is mounted on an adapter 8 of the printing sleeve designed as a pressure piston 9 axially movable. The axial position of the plunger 9 can be changed over distances 10, the between Adapter 8 and plunger 9 are attachable. The tool upper part 11 is arranged on the press ram P and has a counter-holder 12, which is axially adjustable via a second hydraulic piston 13. At the press ram, the drawing ring 14 is further fixed to the frame via an adapter 15.
Gem. Fig. 1, the cup-shaped preform N was inserted with the cylindrical side wall N1 down over the mandrel 5, so that the end face N2 in the direction of the plunger 9 and the bottom of the bottom N3 in the direction of the anvil 12 has. According to the method, the hydraulic piston 13 moves the counter-holder 12 in the direction of the tool lower part until the counter-holder 12 rests against the underside of the base N3.
The frame-mounted on the press ram P frame 14 moves in the forward stroke with the press ram P in the direction of the press table 1, simultaneously the first hydraulic piston 3 is pressurized and presses the plunger 9 with the force F1 against the end face N2 of the preform N (Fig. 2). At the same time, the counter-holder 12 exerts a counterhold force F2 on the bottom of the cup. During the ironing, the pressure piston 9 performs a movement in the direction of the preliminary stroke of the drawing ring 14 in accordance with the ironing of the preform N, the pressure acting on the side wall N1 being produced by the forces F1 and F2 is maintained. As a result of the compressive stresses generated in the side wall N1, the material flow is favored so that material flows reliably into the profile 6 of the mandrel 5. This ensures excellent quality of the internal teeth. After completion of the ironing pulls the tool upper part 11 upwards and the workpiece is released via the ejector 7 from the mandrel 5, which is rotatably supported at a helical toothing.

Um überschüssiges Material abfließen zu lassen und damit Überlastungen des Werkzeuges zu vermeiden, ist es möglich, gem. Fig. 3 und 4 im Gegenhalter 12 einen Materialüberlauf 12.2 vorzusehen. Der Gegenhalter 12 weist dazu in Richtung zur Vorform N ein Druckstück 12.1 auf, welches ebenfalls in Richtung zur Vorform N im Durchmesser verringert ist, so dass zwischen Druckstück 12.1 und Adapter 15 ein Spalt entsteht, in den das überschüssige Material fließen kann und der somit als Materialüberlauf 12.2 dient.In order to drain excess material and thus avoid overloading of the tool, it is possible in accordance with. Fig. 3 and 4 in the counter-holder 12 provide a material overflow 12.2. The counter-holder 12 has in the direction of the preform N a pressure piece 12.1, which is also reduced in diameter in the direction of the preform N, so that between the pressure piece 12.1 and adapter 15, a gap is formed, in which the excess material can flow and thus as Material overflow 12.2 is used.

Gemäß Fig. 5 ist es auch möglich, zusätzlich zu dem in Fig. 3 und 4 vorgesehen Materialüberlauf 12.2 einen weiteren Materialüberlauf 12.3 am Ende der zylindrischen Seitenwandung N1 anzuordnen. Dazu kann der Spalt zwischen dem Außendurchmesser des Druckstempels 9 und dem Innendurchmesser des Ziehringes 14 dienen.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn am Ende des Umformvorganges ein erhöhter axialer Druck zum Kalibrieren ausgeübt wird, um eine bessere Ausfüllung und eine höhere Genauigkeit der Innenverzahnung zu erreichen. Das ggf. überschüssige Material kann dabei wie vorgenannt beschrieben abfließen. Nach Beendigung des Umformvorganges befindet sich der Kolben 3, der im Zylinder 3.1 geführt wird, in seiner untersten Position. Der erhöhte Druck kann nun z.B. dadurch aufgebracht werden, dass sich der Druckstempel 9 über ein Zwischenstück Z, welches an seinem Außendurchmesser Gewinde G aufweist und darüber mit einem Gewindering G1 verbunden ist, der sich wiederum auf dem Zylinder 3.1 und somit über das Werkzeugunterteil 2 auf dem Pressentisch 1 abstützt.According to FIG. 5, it is also possible, in addition to the material overflow 12.2 provided in FIGS. 3 and 4, to arrange a further material overflow 12.3 at the end of the cylindrical side wall N1. This can be the gap between serve the outer diameter of the plunger 9 and the inner diameter of the pull ring 14.
Furthermore, it is advantageous if, at the end of the forming process, an increased axial pressure is exerted for calibrating in order to achieve a better filling and a higher accuracy of the internal toothing. The possibly excess material can flow off as described above. After completion of the forming process, the piston 3, which is guided in the cylinder 3.1, in its lowest position. The increased pressure can now be applied, for example, by the pressure piston 9 being connected to a threaded ring G1 via an intermediate piece Z which has threads G at its outer diameter and which in turn is connected to the cylinder 3.1 and thus via the lower tool part 2 the press table 1 is supported.

Claims (21)

  1. An apparatus for producing a workpiece with internal gearing, especially an internal geared wheel, by using a cup-like preform (N) with a substantially cylindrical side wall (N1), with the apparatus comprising a mandrel (5) with an outside profile (6) corresponding to the internal gearing to be produced as well as a forming tool which is capable of reducing the outside diameter of the cylindrical side wall (N1) during a forward feed motion, as a result of which material of the side wall (N1) flows into the outside profile (6) of the mandrel (5), with the forming tool being configured as a drawing die (14) which ensures an ironing of the cylindrical side wall (N1) during a forward feed motion, characterized in that the apparatus comprises two additional tool elements which are capable of attacking the preform (N) during the ironing and of producing axial compressive stresses in the side wall (N1) of the preform, with a first of the two additional tool elements being arranged in the direction towards the face surface (N2) of the cylindrical side wall (N1) of the preform (N) in the form of an axially movable pressure stamp (9) which is arranged as a cylindrical pressure sleeve, such that it acts upon the face surface (N2) with a force (F1) during the ironing.
  2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in the direction towards the lower side of the floor (N3) of the preform (N) a second tool element in the form of an axially movable platen (12) is arranged in such a way that during the ironing it acts with the drawing die (14) upon the lower side of the floor (N3) of the preform (N) with a platen force (F2).
  3. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the platen (12) comprises a circular pressing surface facing in the direction towards the bottom side of the floor (N3) in order to act substantially on the entire floor region.
  4. An apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the platen (12) comprises an annular pressing surface facing in the direction towards the bottom side of the floor (N3), which pressing surface is adjusted to the width of the cylindrical side wall (N1) of the preform (N) and is aligned substantially flush with the same in order to act upon the boundary region of the bottom side of the floor (N3) of the preform (N).
  5. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure stamp (9) is axially movable during the ironing about an axial movement corresponding to the ironing length of the preform (N)in the direction of the forward feed motion of the drawing die (14) .
  6. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axial movement of the pressure stamp (9) occurring during the ironing can be adjusted depending on its force (F1).
  7. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure stamp (9) is held in an axially movable manner by way of a hydraulic piston (3).
  8. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is integrated in a press, consisting of a press table (1) and a press ram (P) in such a way that a stamp (4) is arranged in an axially fixed manner on the press table (1) and the pressure stamp (9) is held on the stamp (4) in a manner so as to be axially displaceable via the hydraulic piston (3), and the platen (12) is arranged on the press ram (P) in an axially movable manner by pressurization and the drawing die (14) is arranged so as to be fixed on the frame.
  9. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the distance of the pressing surface of the pressure stamp (9) from the face surface of the mandrel (5), which distance is adjusted to the length of the preform (N), is adjustable via spacer rings (10).
  10. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the mandrel (5) is held in a rotatable manner for ejecting the preform/workpiece (N).
  11. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an ejector (7) which runs axially along the mandrel (5) is held in a rotatable manner.
  12. An apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a material overflow is arranged on one side or on both sides at the end of the preform/workpiece (N).
  13. An apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a material overflow (12.2) is arranged in the platen (12).
  14. An apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that a material overflow is formed in the adapter (8) in which the pressure stamp (9) is held.
  15. A method for producing a workpiece with internal gearing, especially an internal geared wheel, with a cup-like preform (N), comprising a floor (N3) and a substantially cylindrical side wall (N1), being reduced in its outside diameter by a mandrel (5) having the outside profile according to the internal gearing to be produced, so that the material of the cylindrical side wall (N1) flows into the outside profile of the mandrel (5), and with the reduction of the outside diameter occurring by ironing by means of a drawing die (14), characterized in that during the ironing additional axial compressive stresses are applied to the cylindrical side wall (N1) of the preform (N) and the axial compressive stresses are produced by two additional tool elements acting on both sides on the region of the cylindrical side wall, with a first of the two additional tool elements in the form of an axially movable pressure stamp (9) arranged as a cylindrical pressure sleeve acting with a force (F1) upon the face surface (N2) during the ironing in the direction towards the face surface (N2) of the cylindrical side walls (N1) of the preform (N).
  16. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that during the ironing a second tool element in the form of a platen (12) acts with a platen force (F2) upon the bottom side of the floor (N3).
  17. A method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that during the ironing the pressure stamp (9) performs an axial lifting movement in the direction of the forward feed motion of the drawing die (14), which axial lifting movement corresponds to the ironing length of the preform (N).
  18. A method according to one of the claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the axial lifting movement of the pressure stamp (9) occurring during the ironing is adjusted depending on its force (F1).
  19. A method according to one of the claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the platen force (F2) of the platen (12) and the force (F1) of the pressure stamp (9) can be adjusted with respect to each other in such a way that during the entire ironing process a flow of material is ensured in the radial direction for completely filling the contour of the mandrel (5).
  20. A method according to one of the claims 15 to 19, characterized in that an increased axial pressure for calibration is exerted on the preform/workpiece (N) after ending the ironing.
  21. A method according to one of the claims 15 to 20, characterized in that excess material is discharged in material overflows during the ironing and/or during the application of the calibration pressure.
EP01992620A 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel Expired - Lifetime EP1330320B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06007394A EP1700651A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10054399 2000-11-02
DE10054399A DE10054399A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2000-11-02 Method and device for producing a workpiece with internal teeth, in particular a ring gear
PCT/DE2001/004192 WO2002036287A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06007394A Division EP1700651A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1330320A1 EP1330320A1 (en) 2003-07-30
EP1330320B1 true EP1330320B1 (en) 2006-04-12

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01992620A Expired - Lifetime EP1330320B1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel
EP06007394A Pending EP1700651A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06007394A Pending EP1700651A1 (en) 2000-11-02 2001-11-01 Method and device for the production of a workpiece with internal toothing, in particular a hollow wheel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7231799B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1330320B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004512956A (en)
KR (1) KR100833771B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE322948T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002215846A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10054399A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002036287A1 (en)

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CN102389913A (en) * 2011-10-25 2012-03-28 南通皋液液压机有限公司 Shaping hydraulic machine for tail hook frame of bullet train carriage

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DE102004019673A1 (en) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-18 Neumayer Holding Gmbh Production of a cup-shaped annular part for automatic gear systems comprises forming an annular groove in the base surface of a hub part in the region between the inner surface of an annular element and the base surface of the hub part
US20070125147A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-07 Yahya Hodjat Method of forming a part
CN100381221C (en) * 2006-06-16 2008-04-16 重庆工学院 Sheet material mold-free multi-point forming device based on viscous medium transfer force and method
CN101947621B (en) * 2010-07-05 2012-07-25 南京中盛铁路车辆配件有限公司 Forged coupler yoke frame shaping die
EP2796235B1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2018-12-19 Util (Guangzhou) Auto Parts. Co., Ltd. Steel-backed bidirectional synchronous spline broaching device and using method thereof
DE102011122144B4 (en) 2011-12-22 2022-11-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for the non-cutting, axially forming formation of an internal toothing on a workpiece
JP5969234B2 (en) * 2012-03-23 2016-08-17 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 Cylinder member manufacturing method for automatic transmission
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KR101764857B1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2017-08-03 김금자 Manufacturing process of automobile manifold and its mold
CN115229017B (en) * 2022-06-24 2024-06-21 中国石油大学(华东) Special-shaped pair wheel spinning machine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1330320A1 (en) 2003-07-30
WO2002036287A1 (en) 2002-05-10
ATE322948T1 (en) 2006-04-15
DE50109512D1 (en) 2006-05-24
US7231799B2 (en) 2007-06-19
KR20030059216A (en) 2003-07-07
DE10054399A1 (en) 2002-06-27
JP2004512956A (en) 2004-04-30
AU2002215846A1 (en) 2002-05-15
KR100833771B1 (en) 2008-05-29
EP1700651A1 (en) 2006-09-13
US20040016281A1 (en) 2004-01-29

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