Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
  • B41M5/506—Intermediate layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
  • B41M5/504—Backcoats
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
  • B41M5/508—Supports
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
  • B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
  • B41M5/5227—Macromolecular coatings characterised by organic non-macromolecular additives, e.g. UV-absorbers, plasticisers, surfactants
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
  • B41M5/5236—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of natural gums, of proteins, e.g. gelatins, or of macromolecular carbohydrates, e.g. cellulose
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
  • B41M5/5245—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers containing cationic or anionic groups, e.g. mordants
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
  • B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
  • B41M5/5254—Macromolecular coatings characterised by the use of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an improved recording element for ink jet printing.
• ink jet printing has become a technology of choice.
• a recent survey on progress and trends in ink jet printing technology is given by Hue P. Le in Journal of Imaging Science and Technology Vol. 42 (1), Jan/Febr 1998.
• tiny drops of ink fluid are projected directly onto an ink receptor surface without physical contact between the printing device and the receptor.
• the printing device stores the printing data electronically and controls a mechanism for ejecting the drops image-wise. Printing is accomplished by moving the print head across the paper or vice versa.
• Early patents on ink jet printers include US 3,739,393, US 3,805,273 and US 3,891,121.
• the jetting of the ink droplets can be performed in several different ways.
• a continuous droplet stream is created by applying a pressure wave pattern.
• This process is known as continuous ink jet printing.
• the droplet stream is divided into droplets that are electrostatically charged, deflected and recollected, and into droplets that remain uncharged, continue their way undeflected, and form the image.
• the charged deflected stream forms the image and the uncharged undeflected jet is recollected.
• several jets are deflected to a different degree and thus record the image (multideflection system).
• the ink droplets can be created “on demand” (“DOD” or “drop on demand” method) whereby the printing device ejects the droplets only when they are used in imaging on a receiver thereby avoiding the complexity of drop charging, deflection hardware, and ink recollection.
• DOD on demand
• the ink droplet can be formed by means of a pressure wave created by a mechanical motion of a piezoelectric transducer (so-called “piezo method”), or by means of discrete thermal pushes (so-called “bubble jet” method, or “thermal jet” method).
• Ink compositions for ink jet typically include following ingredients : dyes or pigments, water and/or organic solvents, humectants such as glycols, detergents, thickeners, polymeric binders, preservatives, etc.. It will be readily understood that the optimal composition of such an ink is dependent on the ink jetting method used and on the nature of the substrate to be printed.
• the ink compositions can be roughly divided in :
• a two-layer ink jet printing medium comprising a liquid-absorbent base material, an ink receiving layer provided on the base material, which comprises a pigment, a binder, and a cationic substance, and a surface layer provided on the ink receiving layer comprising ultrafine cationic particles.
• Embodiments according to this teaching show improved glossiness and high optical density after printing. However, they need still further improvement for water-fastness, bleeding and color gamut.
• the present invention further extends the teachings on two-layer ink jet recording materials with improved properties.
• the present invention discloses an ink jet recording element comprising, in order, a support, and, on at least one side of said support,
• the main pigment is chosen from silica, aluminosilicate, alumina, calcium carbonate, alumina hydrate, and aluminum trihydroxide. Most preferred are aluminum containing pigments.
• the cationic substance is preferably chosen from boehmite, cationized silica or mixtures thereof.
• Both ink receiving layers can be coated on just one side of the support, or they can be present on both sides of the support, in which latter case the corresponding layers can show the same or a different composition.
• the second side of the support may carry one or more backing layers, different in composition from the definition of the ink receiving layers.
• the recording element may further comprise at least one adhesive undercoat layer. Actual embodiments of ink jet recording media according to the present invention show improved water-fastness, bleeding drying time, color gamut properties, and reduced coalescence.
• the support for use in the present invention can be chosen from the paper type and polymeric type support well-known from photographic technology.
• Paper types include plain paper, cast coated paper, a paper carrying a barrier layer preventing ink penetration, polyethylene coated paper and polypropylene coated paper.
• Polymeric supports include cellulose acetate propionate or cellulose acetate butyrate, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyimides, polyolefins, poly(vinylacetals), polyethers and polysulfonamides.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• polyethylene naphthalate polyvinyl chloride
• polyamides polycarbonates
• polyimides polyolefins
• poly(vinylacetals) polyethers and polysulfonamides.
• polyethylene terephthalate examples include opaque white polyesters and extrusion blends of polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene.
• polyester film supports, and especially polyethylene terephthalate are preferred because of their excellent properties of dimensional stability.
• a resin coated paper support is preferred.
• the support is coated with at least two ink receiving layers, called first and second ink receiving layers, which will be now explained successively in more detail.
• first and second ink receiving layers which will be now explained successively in more detail.
• the first layer is a rather thick layer and can be regarded as the bulk ink receiving layer.
• the first ink receiving layer contains, apart from a binder and a main absorptive pigment, pseudo-boehmite in an amount of 1 to 30 % by weight versus the main pigment.
• the binder can be chosen from a list of compounds well-known in the art including hydroxyethyl cellulose; hydroxypropyl cellulose; hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose; hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; hydroxybutylmethyl cellulose; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethylhydroxethyl cellulose; water soluble ethylhydroxyethyl cellulose; cellulose sulfate; polyvinyl alcohol; vinylalcohol copolymers; polyvinyl acetate; polyvinylacetal; polyvinyl pyrrolidone; polyacrylamide; acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer; poly(styrene), styrene copolymers; acrylic or methacryl
• a preferred binder for the practice of the present invention is a polyvinylalcohol (PVA), a vinylalcohol copolymer or modified polyvinyl alcohol.
• PVA polyvinylalcohol
• the polyvinyl alcohol is a cationic type polyvinyl alcohol, such as the cationic polyvinyl alcohol grades from Kuraray, such as POVAL C506, POVAL C118, and from Nippon Goshei.
• cationic polyvinyl alcohol may be obtained by several routes:
• the main pigment may be chosen from the inorganic pigments well-known in the art such as silica, talc, clay, hydrotalcite, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, basic magnesium carbonate, aluminosilicate, aluminum trihydroxide, aluminum oxide (alumina), titanium oxide, zinc oxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfide, satin white, boehmite (alumina hydrate), zirconium oxide or mixed oxides.
• the main pigment is chosen from silica, aluminosilicate, alumina, calcium carbonate, alumina hydrate, and aluminum trihydroxide.
• aluminum oxide (alumina) in ink receiving layers is disclosed in several patents, e.g. in US 5,041,328, US 5,182,175, US 5,266,383, EP 218956, EP 835762 and EP 972650.
• Commercially available types of aluminum oxide (alumina) include ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 types, such as NORTON E700, available from Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc, ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 types, such as ALUMINUM OXID C from Degussa, Other Aluminum oxide grades, such as BAIKALOX CR15 and CR30 from Baikowski Chemie; DURALOX grades and MEDIALOX grades from Baikowski Chemie, BAIKALOX CR80, CR140, CR125, B105CR from Baikowski Chemie; CAB-O-SPERSE PG003 tradeamrk from Cabot, CATALOX GRADES and CATAPAL GRADES from from Sasol, such as PLURALOX HP14/150; colloidal Al
• a useful type of alumina hydrate is ⁇ -AlO(OH), also called boehmite, such as, in powder form, DISPERAL, DISPERAL HP14 and DISPERAL 40 from Sasol, MARTOXIN VPP2000-2 and GL-3 from Martinswerk GmbH.; Liguid boehmite alumina systems, e.g. DISPAL 23N4-20, DISPAL 14N-25, DISPERAL AL25 from Sasol.
• Patents on alumina hydrate include EP 500021, EP 634286, US 5,624,428, EP 742108, US 6,238,047, EP 622244, EP 810101, etc..
• Useful aluminum trihydroxides include Bayerite, or ⁇ -Al(OH) 3 , such as PLURAL BT, available from Sasol, and Gibbsite, or ⁇ -Al(OH) 3 , such as MARTINAL grades from Martinswerk GmbH, MARTIFIN grades, such as MARTIFIN OL104, MARTIFIN OL 107 and MARTIFIN OL111 from Martinswerk GmbH , MICRAL grades, such as MICRAL 1440, MICRAL 1500; MICRAL 632; MICRAL 855; MICRAL 916; MICRAL 932; MICRAL 932CM; MICRAL 9400 from JM Huber company; HIGILITE grades, e.g.
• HIGILITE H42 or HIGILITE H43M from Showa Denka K.K. HYDRAL GRADES such as HYDRAL COAT 2, HYDRAL COAT 5 and HYDRAL COAT 7, HYDRAL 710 and HYDRAL PGA, from Alcoa Industrial Chemicals.
• a useful type of zirconium oxide is NALCO OOSS008 trademark of ONDEO Nalco, acetate stabilized ZrO2, ZR20/20, ZR50/20, ZR100/20 and ZRYS4 trademarks from Nyacol Nano Technologies.
• Useful mixed oxides are SIRAL grades from Sasol, colloidal metaloxides from Nalco such as Nalco 1056, Nalco TX10496, Nalco TX11678.
• Silica as pigment in ink receiving elements is disclosed in numerous old and recent patents, e.g. US 4,892,591, US 4,902,568, EP 373573, EP 423829, EP 487350, EP 493100, EP 514633, etc..
• Different types of silica may be used, such as crystalline silica, amorphous silica, precipitated silica, gel silica, colloidal silica, fumed silica, spherical and non-spherical silica, calcium carbonate compounded silica such as disclosed in US 5,281,467, and silica with internal porosity such as disclosed in WO 00/02734.
• the use of calcium carbonate in ink receiving layers is described in e.g.
• alumino-silicate is disclosed in e.g. DE 2925769.
• Mixtures of different pigments may be used.
• the main pigment can be chosen from organic particles such as polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, silicones, melamine-formaldehyde condensation polymers, ureaformaldehyde condensation polymers, polyesters and polyamides. Mixtures of inorganic and organic pigments can be used.
• the first ink receiving layer further contains pseudo-boehmite in an amount between 1 and 30 % by weight vis-à-vis the main pigment.
• Pseudo-boehmite is also called boehmite gel and is fine particulate alumina hydrate having a needle form.
• the composition thereof is generally represented by Al 2 O 3 1.5-2 H 2 O and differs from that of crystalline boehmite.
• the incorporation of pseudo-boehmite in the first ink receiving layer brings the following surprising advantages for the ink jet recording medium : improvements for water-fastness and bleeding, and reduced coalescence.
• the lower limit of the ratio by weight of the binder to the total pigment in the first ink receiving layer is preferably about 1:50, most preferably 1:20, while the upper limit thereof is about 2:1, most preferably 1:1. If the amount of the pigment exceeds the upper limit, the strength of the ink receiving layer itself is lowered, and the resulting image hence tends to deteriorate in rub-off resistance and the like. On the other hand, if the binder to pigment ratio is too great, the ink-absorbing capacity of the resulting ink-receiving layer is reduced, and so the image formed may possibly be deteriorated.
• the second ink receiving layer is a layer having a haze value of at most 45% and that it contains a cationic substance consisting of particles with an average agglomerated particle size smaller than 500 nm.
• cationic substance as used in the present invention means a substance composed of fine particles having a positive charge on their surfaces and therefore having adsorbability of acid substances such as acid dyes. Specific examples thereof include fine particles composed of oxides of metals such as magnesium, calcium, aluminum, zirconium, zinc, chromium, iron, copper, tin, lead and manganese.
• the cationic substance is chosen from crystalline boehmite and cationized silica, and mixtures thereof. Boehmite is explained above. Examples of the fine particles of cationized silica include:
• the upper ink receiving layer contains also a minor amount of pseudo-boehmite in an amount preferably comprised between 0.5 and 20 % versus the cationic substance.
• the binder of the upper ink receiving layer can be chosen from the list described for the lower ink receiving layer.
• the ratio by weight of particles to binder in the upper layer is preferably comprised between 1:60 and 2:1
• the thickness of the upper ink receiving layer is preferably smaller than the thickness of the first layer (bulk layer).
• the dry thickness of the upper ink receiving layer is preferably comprised between 10 and 40 % vis-à-vis the dry thickness of the bulk layer.
• the first and second ink receiving layers may be coated on just one side of the support, or they may be applied on both sides of the support. In the latter case the corresponding layers on both sides may be exactly the same, or they may be different, as long as their composition obeys the defintions given.
• the first layer on one side may contain another main pigment than the first layer on the other side, or the two upper layers may contain a different cationic substance.
• an extra adhesive undercoat layer may be incorporated, on one or both sides of the support, between the support and the first ink receiving layer.
• This layer is then coated from an aqueous medium containing any of the numerous known adhesive polymers.
• Preferred adhesive polymers include styrene-butadiene latex, acrylate latices, poly(ethylene-vinylacetate), polyvinylesters, copolyesters, polyesters and polyurethanes.
• the adhesive polymers include WAC series, such as WAC-10, WAC-15, WAC-17X and WAC-20, trademarks of Takamatsu Oil & Fat Co.
• the dry coating weight of this undercoat layer when present is preferably comprised between 0.5 and 5.0 g/m 2 .
• first and second ink receiving layers may be present on one side of the support, and the other side is coated with at least one backing layer different in composition from the definitions given for the ink receiving layers.
• This layer may be, for instance, promotion of transport in printers, or control of the curling of the recording medium.
• This backing layer(s) may contain binders, matting agents, surfactants, plasticizers, etc..
• a cationic substance acting as mordant may be present in one or both ink receiving layer.
• Such substances increase the capacity of the layer for fixing and holding the dye of the ink droplets.
• a particularly suited compound is a poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) or, in short, a poly(DADMAC). These compounds are commercially available from several companies, e.g. Aldrich, Nalco, CIBA, Nitto Boseki Co., Clariant, BASF and EKA Chemicals.
• DADMAC copolymers such as copolymers with acrylamide, e.g NALCO 1470 trade mark of ONDEO Nalco or PAS-J-81, trademark of Nitto Boseki Co., such as copolymers of DADMAC with acrylates, such as Nalco 8190, trademark of ONDEO Nalco; copolymers of DADMAC with SO 2 , such as PAS-A-1 or PAS-92, trademarks of Nitto Boseki Co., copolymer of DADMAC with maleic acid, e.g.
• PAS-410 trademark of Nitto Boseki Co., copolymer of DADMAC with diallyl(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)amine hydrochloride, eg. PAS-880, trademark of Nitto Boseki Co., dimethylamine-epichlorohydrine copolymers, e.g.
• Nalco 7135 trademark of ONDEO Nalco or POLYFIX 700, trade name of Showa High Polymer Co.
• other POLYFIX grades which could be used are POLYFIX 601, POLYFIX 301, POLYFIX 301A, POLYFIX 250WS, and POLYFIX 3000 ;
• NEOFIX E-117 trade name of Nicca Chemical Co., a polyoxyalkylene polyamine dicyanodiamine, and REDIFLOC 4150, trade name of EKA Chemicals, a polyamine;
• MADQUAT methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride
• CYPRO 514/515/516, SUPERFLOC 507/521/567 cationic acrylic polymers, such as ALCOSTAT 567, trademark of CIBA, cationic cellulose derivatives such as CELQUAT L-200, H-100, SC-240C, SC-230M, trade names of Starch & Chemical Co., and QUATRISOFT LM200, UCARE polymers JR125, JR400, LR400, JR30M, LR30M and UCARE polymer LK; fixing agents from Chukyo Europe: PALSET JK-512, PALSET JK512L, PALSET JK-182, PALSET JK-220, WSC-173, WSC-173L, PALSET JK-320, PALSET JK-320L and PALSET JK-350; polyethyleneimine and copolymers, e.g.
• LUPASOL trade name of BASF AG
• triethanolamine-titanium-chelate e.g. TYZOR, trade name of Du Pont Co.
• copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone such as VIVIPRINT 111, trade name of ISP, a methacrylamido propyl dimethylamine copolymer; with dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate such as COPOLYMER 845 and COPOLYMER 937, trade names of ISP
• vinylimidazole e.g.
• LUVIQUAT CARE, LUVITEC 73W, LUVITEC VP155 K18P, LUVITEC VP155 K72W, LUVIQUAT FC905, LUVIQUAT FC550, LUVIQUAT HM522, and SOKALAN HP56 all trade names of BASF AG; polyamidoamines, e.g. RETAMINOL and NADAVIN, trade marks of Bayer AG; phosphonium compounds such as disclosed in EP 609930 and other cationic polymers such as NEOFIX RD-5, trademark of Nicca Chemical Co.
• the ink receiving layer and the optional supplementary layers may further contain well-known conventional ingredi ⁇ nts, such as surfactants serving as coating aids, hardening agents, plasticizers, whitening agents and matting agents.
• surfactants may be incorporated in the layers of the recording element of the present invention. They can be any of the cationic, anionic, amphoteric, and non-ionic ones as described in JP-A 62-280068 (1987).
• surfactants are N-alkylamino acid salts, alkylether carboxylic acid salts, acylated peptides, alkylsulfonic acid salts, alkylbenzene and alkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid salts, sulfosuccinic acid salts, ⁇ -olefin sulfonic acid salts, N-acylsulfonic acid salts, sulfonated oils, alkylsulfonic acid salts, alkylether sulfonic acid salts, alkylallylethersulfonic acid salts, alkylamidesulfonic acid salts, alkylphosphoric acid salts, alkyletherphosphoric acid salts, alkylallyletherphosphoric acid salts, alkyl and alkylallylpolyoxyethylene ethers, alkylallylformaldehyde condensed acid salts, alkylallylethersulfonic acid salts, alkyl
• Useful cationic surfactants include N-alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyldimethylamine, tetradecyldimethylamine, ethoxylated alkyl guanidine-amine complex, oleamine hydroxypropyl bistrimonium chloride, oleyl imidazoline, stearyl imidazoline, cocamine acetate, palmitamine, dihydroxyethylcocamine, cocotrimonium chloride, alkyl polyglycolether ammonium sulphate, ethoxylated oleamine, lauryl pyridinium chloride, N-oleyl-1,3-diaminopropane, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine lactate, coconut fatty amide, oleyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, isostearyl ethylimidonium ethosulphate, lauramidopropyl PEG-d
• These surfactants are commercially available from DuPont and 3M.
• the concentration of the surfactant component in the ink-receiving layer is typically in the range of 0.1 to 2 %, preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1.5 % and is most preferably 0.75 % by weight based on the total dry weight of the layer.
• the ink-receiving layers and the optional backing and/or adhesive layers according to this invention may be crosslinked to provide such desired features as waterfastness and non-blocking characteristics.
• the crosslinking is also useful in providing abrasion resistance and resistance to the formation of fingerprints on the element as a result of handling.
• crosslinking agents also known as hardening agents - that will function to crosslink film forming binders. Hardening agents can be used individually or in combination and in free or in blocked form.
• a great many hardeners, useful for the present invention are known, including formaldehyde and free dialdehydes, such as succinaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, blocked dialdehydes, active esters, sulfonate esters, active halogen compounds, isocyanate or blocked isocyanates, polyfunctional isocyanates, melamine derivatives, s-triazines and diazines, epoxides, active olefins having two or more active bonds, carbodiimides, zirconium complexes, e.g.
• BACOTE 20 ZIRMEL 1000 or zirconium acetate, trademarks of MEL Chemicals, titanium complexes, such as TYZOR grades from DuPont, isoxazolium salts subsituted in the 3-position, esters of 2-alkoxy-N-carboxy-dihydroquinoline, N-carbamoylpyridinium salts, hardeners of mixed function, such as halogen-substituted aldehyde acids (e.g.
• mucochloric and mucobromic acids onium substituted acroleins and vinyl sulfones and polymeric hardeners, such as dialdehyde starches and copoly(acroleinmethacrylic acid), and oxazoline functional polymers, e.g. EPOCROS WS-500, and EPOCROS K-1000 series, and maleic anhydride copolymers, e.g. GANTREZ AN119
• boric acid is a preferred crosslinker.
• the ink-receiving layers and the optional supplementary layers of the present invention may also comprise a plasticizer such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol monomethylether, glycerol monochlorohydrin, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, tetrabromophthalicanhydride, urea phosphate, triphenylphosphate, glycerolmonostearate, propylene glycol monostearate, tetramethylene sulfone, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.
• a plasticizer such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol monomethylether, glycerol monochlorohydrin, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride,
• the ink-receiving layers and optional extra layers of the present invention may also comprise ingredients to improve the lightfastness of the printed image, such as antioxidants, UV-absorbers, peroxide scavengers, singlet oxygen quenchers such as hindered amine light stabilizers, (Hals compounds) etc..Stilbene compounds are a preferred type of UV-absorber.
• the ink receiving layers and the optional supplementary layers can be coated onto the support by any conventional coating technique, such as dip coating, knife coating, extrusion coating, spin coating, slide hopper coating and curtain coating.
• a coating composition (1-A1) was prepared containing :
• the coating compositions 1-A1 to 1-A7 were coated with a cascade coater together with 1-B1 in a 2-layer wet on wet coating process.
• the coating weight of 1-A2 to 1-A7 was 35 g/sqm of aluminum oxide, or aluminum oxide/silica, or silica.
• the coating weight of top layer 1-B1 was 5 g/sqm of boehmite.
• the samples were named 1-D2 to 1-D7.
• the materials 1-D1 to 1-D7 were printed with a test pattern on EPSON 740, LEXMARK Z52 and HP 895 narrow format printers. The materials were evaluated qualitatively for following four characteristics by means of an arbitrary scale :
• a coating composition (2-A1) was prepared containing :
• the following coating composition (3-A1) was prepared :
• a further coating composition 3-B1 was prepared containing

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Cited By (6)

Citations (5)

• 2001
  • 2001-12-20 DE DE2001604868 patent/DE60104868T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-12-20 EP EP20010000783 patent/EP1321300B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2002
  • 2002-12-13 JP JP2002362422A patent/JP2003226074A/ja active Pending

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