EP1321358A2 - Sous-ensemble structurel, planche de glisse et leur procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Sous-ensemble structurel, planche de glisse et leur procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1321358A2 EP1321358A2 EP02026117A EP02026117A EP1321358A2 EP 1321358 A2 EP1321358 A2 EP 1321358A2 EP 02026117 A EP02026117 A EP 02026117A EP 02026117 A EP02026117 A EP 02026117A EP 1321358 A2 EP1321358 A2 EP 1321358A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- assembly
- shell elements
- interface
- shell
- shells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B32/00—Water sports boards; Accessories therefor
- B63B32/57—Boards characterised by the material, e.g. laminated materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sub-assembly designed to produce a gliding board, in particular a board for gliding on water such as a surf float.
- It also relates to a method of manufacturing such a subassembly and a board of sliding made from the sub-assembly in question.
- a surf float is made from a foam bar, especially polyurethane foam, which is formed in a mold.
- the foam bread is machined by planing and sanding to a small thickness to locally customize its shape then it is coated with a fiberglass shell impregnated with resin which forms a shell external reinforcement and gives the float its final shape. Decoration and frosting give to the float its final appearance.
- the foam bread is cut longitudinally into two parts which are then glued against a wooden slat which strengthens its structure and imposes a predetermined longitudinal camber.
- the disadvantage of such a construction technique is the weight of the float in the end.
- the foam is relatively dense, typically its density is 50kg / m3. And he it is not possible a priori to decrease the density of the foam without harming the characteristics float mechanics.
- the central foam bar is generally made of polystyrene foam. expanded. This material has the defect of taking water. It happens that during its existence the float hit against a reef or rock. If the outer shell is damaged. one runs the risk of water infiltration, water weighing down the float and being particularly difficult to evacuate.
- This manufacturing technique allows for light boards. However. it is not possible to customize the shape of the float. In this case the shape of the outer shell depends exclusively on the shape of the mold.
- An object of the invention is to propose an improved sub-assembly, which makes it possible to carry out lighter or larger boards for an equal weight, while keeping a customizable shape.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate schematically and in cross section, a la production of a structural sub-assembly comprising two assembled half-shells in accordance with the invention, respectively before and after bonding;
- Figures 3 and 4 are schematic views illustrating a detail of Figure 2, respectively before and after the machining of the side rails of the sub-assembly.
- Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to those of Figures 3 and 4 illustrating a variant of the invention in which the foaming adhesive is deposited so as to form an extra thickness on the outside of the sub-assembly.
- Figures 7 and 8 are views similar to those of Figures 3 and 4 illustrating a variant of the invention in which the foaming adhesive is deposited so as to form an extra thickness inside the sub-assembly which, at least in this embodiment, is hollow.
- Figures 9 to 11 are views similar to those of Figures 2 to 4 illustrating a variant for carrying out the invention.
- Figures 12 and 13 are views similar to those of Figures 1 and 3 further illustrating a another embodiment of the invention.
- a surf float is presented as an elongated board with a central part, a tapered and slightly raised front spatula, and a slightly rear heel raised and with a reduced width.
- Figures 1 to 4 a first embodiment of the invention in which a structural sub-assembly is produced from two assembled half-shells.
- the subset is a hollow subset constructed according to a sandwich technology.
- Such a particularly light sub-assembly will advantageously be used in the manufacture of a surf float.
- the sub-assembly 10 can thus be formed by an upper half-shell 22, which will form the deck of the final float, and a lower half-shell 24 which will form the hull.
- Each half-shell is formed of a foam plate 26, 28 which is first shaped. next the type of foam used, this shaping can use different techniques.
- the foam used will be for example an extruded polystyrene foam which is present generally in the form of a flat plate which can be shaped by thermoforming to become a curved plate as illustrated in the figures.
- this shaped plate 26 is covered, on an internal face 30, 32, with at least an inner shell layer (for example a fiberglass, carbon or other fabric fibrous material impregnated with polyester, epoxy or other resin).
- the laminating operation of the internal face 30, 32 of the half-shells 22, 24 will be advantageously carried out under vacuum while the foam plate previously thermoformed 26, 28 is still in the thermoforming mold, so that the layer of resin-coated fabric hardens on the thermoformed sheet while it is still pressed against the mold.
- the shape of the front half-shell is thus best guaranteed assembly.
- a hollow rigid internal shell which is formed by the layers of resin-coated fabrics arranged on the internal faces of the half-shells, and on the other hand an outer foam envelope suitable for being machined.
- the foams used are for example sheets of extruded polystyrene foam with a density of the order of 30 to 50 kg / m3.
- the subassembly produced therefore comprises at least one hollow internal part 50, which gives it great lightness without sacrificing its rigidity.
- one of the half-shells for example the lower half-shell 24, is also laminated on its outer face 34 before the assembly of the two half-shells.
- the half-hull thus laminated on its two faces 32, 34 is then particularly rigid during assembly with the other half-shell, which allows better control of the assembly precision, and therefore the precision of the shape of the subset.
- the foam envelope covering the shell is then no longer suitable for being machined over its entire surface. Indeed, one of the faces being already laminated at the time of assembly, the geometry of this face can no longer be profoundly changed.
- the two half-shells are not not symmetrical. Indeed, it can be seen that the lower half-shell 24 does not have any side edges.
- the foam plate 28 is curved in the direction longitudinal (which is therefore not visible in the drawings) to follow the camber curve longitudinal (sometimes called "rocker” or "scoop” curve). She could also be curved in the transverse direction, for example to form a V-shaped, concave or double concave, but in the example illustrated the lower half-shell has no transverse curvature.
- the shaping of the plate may occur do without thermoforming, simply by pressing the plate against the mold by vacuum at the time of stratification. After the resin has hardened, the stiffness of the coated fabric resin 32 is sufficient to maintain the plate in the desired shape of the half-shell.
- the upper half-shell 22 is thermoformed so as to be curved longitudinally, but also transversely to form curved side edges 36 down.
- the internal faces that is to say the lower face 30 of the half-shell upper 22 and upper face 32 of lower half-shell 24
- the lower face 34 of the lower half-shell 24 is also laminated, before the assembly of the two half-shells.
- the assembly of the two half-shells is obtained by having glue 42 in the interface zone consisting on the one hand of the lower edge of the lateral edges 36 of the upper half-shell 22 and on the other hand of the peripheral part corresponding to the upper face 32 of the lower half-shell 24.
- the bonding is carried out using a resin foaming adhesive, for example polyurethane foam.
- a resin foaming adhesive for example polyurethane foam.
- MDI Metal-Diphenyl-lsocyanate
- the foam will have by example a density in free expansion of the order of 25 to 200 kg / m3.
- the density of the resin at the interface of the two half-shells may be greater due to the compression effect.
- the resin will be applied still in the liquid state so as to allow perfect docking of the two half-shells. The two half-shells will then be kept in pressure against each other when the resin to avoid any risk of deformation due to swelling of the adhesive resin foaming at the time of its expansion.
- foaming adhesive resins such as example of epoxy foams, with a slightly higher density of free expanding foam high.
- the foaming adhesive resin may be colored.
- Figure 3 which illustrates in more detail the lateral edge of the sub-assembly just after assembly
- most of the side edge in height 38 of the structural assembly is formed by the lateral edges 36 of the upper half-shell whose outer face 40 is made of foam.
- the lower part of these side edges is formed by the side edge of the lower half-shell, which has a thickness of foam 28 framed (top and bottom) by two thicknesses of fabrics impregnated with resin 32, 34.
- Like the thicknesses of fabrics 32, 34 are very small. they do not form an obstacle to shaping by machining the side edges.
- FIG. 4 it can be seen that the geometry of the lateral edge 38 of the sub-assembly structural has been modified over the entire height of the lateral edge 38, for example by planing and by sanding.
- the stratification of one of the external surfaces of the subassembly 10, in this case the lower surface 34 of the lower half-shell 24, may be total (as illustrated). She may also concern only part of the surface 34, for example the central part for further improve the machinability of the side edge 38.
- the precise assembly of the two half-shells is facilitated by the high rigidity of the lower half-shell, and the sub-assembly remains suitable for being machined on its entire upper face and on its lateral edges, which leaves a large capacity for customization of the sub-assembly.
- the structural subset is covered with an outer shell, for example a layer of fibers impregnated with resin to form the gliding board.
- an outer shell for example a layer of fibers impregnated with resin to form the gliding board.
- the half-shell laminated on its two faces is the upper half-shell, the lower half-shell then being laminated only on its face upper 32.
- part of this envelope (which is not desired modify the geometry, for example the upper face of the upper half-shell or the face lower half-shell), can be covered with a rigid outer layer.
- a longitudinal central partition connecting vertically the two half-shells, such a partition being moreover known to the skilled person under the name of "stringer".
- a central partition is for example made of foam or wood.
- the partition can be bordered by two layers 13 and 14 of fibers impregnated with resin, which optionally connect continuously with the shell wall.
- the sub-assembly according to this first embodiment can be machined in the same way than a traditional foam bread, according to the desire of the manufacturer, provided that the thickness machining remains significantly less than the thickness of the foam.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 have the advantage of allowing greater machining depth, without risking too much reduction in mechanical strength of the subset.
- the foaming adhesive resin 42 is not deposited only at the interface of the two half-shells, but it is on the contrary deposited so as to form an additional thickness 44 to the outside of the sub-assembly, all along the lateral edge 38 thereof.
- this extra thickness can be precisely defined with the help of a mold applied along the side edge 38.
- This mold may be part of a tool ensuring the correct positioning of the two half-shells during assembly.
- the shape of the allowance could also be given by a flexible depressurized enclosure in which the sub-assembly in order to exert on the half-shells the pressure necessary for bonding. In these in two cases, the foam forming the additional thickness will therefore be compressed. We will be able to otherwise allow the foaming resin to expand freely.
- the extra thickness extends on the one hand against the external face 40 of the upper half-shell (we see that the thickness of the excess glue decreases as one moves away from the interface zone), and on the other hand on a part of the upper face 32 of the half-shell lower 24 which in this example protrudes transversely outward relative to the upper half-shell 22.
- this overhang is less pronounced, or even nonexistent, in which case the extra thickness would also extend against the edge of the half-shell lower 24.
- the extra thickness 44 being made of foam, it is easily machinable, and the additional thickness of foam it forms allows greater freedom in choosing the final geometry of the lateral edge 38 after machining, the latter retaining a thickness substantially equivalent to that of the non-machined parts of the sub-assembly. We do not weaken so not the float.
- the bonding of the two half-shells and the formation of the extra thickness will be done in one single operation. However, in some cases, choose to do these two operations successively.
- the extra thickness 44 is made of internal side of the interface.
- the structural subset is hollow, that is to say that the shell elements 22 delimit at least one hollow internal part 50.
- This strip 44 thus forms a containment partition preventing the resin foaming adhesive to extend too much towards the inside of the cavity of the hollow body. She permits also to ensure, by the pressure due to the expansion of the foaming resin, a perfect contact of the extra thickness 44 with the two half-shells.
- the excess thickness 44 of glue is in the hollow internal part 50, it can be seen in FIG. 8 that it is not affected by the final machining of the sub-assembly 10. It follows that the additional thickness 44, if it is of a volume and / or a weight significant, could influence the mechanical behavior of the final board (in particular the stiffness in bending and torsion), but above all that it can modify the weight distribution and of inertia of the board, therefore modifying its dynamic behavior. Of course, we can make sure that the importance of the extra thickness varies along the perimeter of the board, by example that it does not exist in some places, and on the contrary very important in others places.
- each half-shell was formed from a sheet of thermoformed foam of substantially constant thickness.
- the construction technique of the half-shell upper 22 is slightly different, this in order to very easily obtain a upper half-shell 22 which has, at its lateral edges 38, a thickness of foam 26 greater than the thickness of foam on the deck of the float, at least before the machining of the lateral edges 38.
- a thickness of foam 26 greater than the thickness of foam on the deck of the float, at least before the machining of the lateral edges 38.
- This construction has a double advantage: on the one hand give an increased thickness of foam which gives more freedom to the time of machining to obtain the desired shape, and on the other hand, the area is increased of the interface zone which is used for bonding, which reinforces the solidity of this bonding.
- the edge of the half-shell upper 22 which forms part of this interface is not flat. It includes a disbursement 48, the cross section of which may be semi-elliptical as illustrated, but which may also have other profiles.
- the contact surface between the adhesive 42 and the upper half-shell 22 is is therefore increased. Thanks to the fact that the glue is a foaming resin which expands, is sure that the disbursement 48 is perfectly filled with the adhesive which comes into contact with the wall which delimits this disbursement. Bonding is therefore optimal.
- the upper half-shell 22 is formed of a foam plate 26 whose thickness is substantially constant and which is laminated on its face internal 30.
- the lower half-shell 24 is laminated on its two faces 32, 34 but we see that the peripheral edge 52 of the upper face 32 is devoid of lamination so that the bonding of the two half-shells can be foam against foam.
- the song of the upper half-shell, which is intended to come opposite the peripheral edge 52 of the half-shell lower 24, includes a disbursement 48 similar to that described in the context of previous embodiment. In this case, the disbursement 48 is formed only on the side internal edge, that is to say on the side of the internal cavity 50.
- a containment partition 54 forming a barrier along the contour of the board.
- This containment partition 54 may have a height less than the height of the cavity 50 in the corresponding zone, so that it does not then come into contact with the upper half-shell 22 as seen in FIG. 13.
- This version is interesting in terms of ease of manufacture, as there is no precise height tolerance to be observed for the containment wall. On the contrary, one could foresee that this partition of containment is adjusted in height to come just in contact with the upper half-shell.
- This version if it is more restrictive in terms of manufacturing, has the advantage of give the containment partition an additional function of vertical reinforcement and stiffening in addition to its primary function of confining the adhesive joint.
- This partition containment can be made of a block of foam cut to the desired shape or a bead of foam which is allowed to freely expand on the internal face 34. It can also be produced in the form of a plate element made of rigid material, for example wood or sandwich material.
- a containment wall all along of the interface between the two shell elements, or on the contrary provide for sections of partitions only along certain areas of the interface. In all cases, the bulkhead of confinement delimits, in the vicinity of the bonding interface, a clearly determined volume that the bonding foam fills by expanding, thus coming into contact against the faces internal 30, 32 of the two half-shells.
- this embodiment has the advantage that the contact surfaces sticky foam with the two half-shells is very important.
- the containment partition 54 good contact of the adhesive with the upper half-shell is ensured 22.
- the peripheral edge 50 without lamination. and disbursement 48 offset towards the inside allow very easy machining of the side edge 38 which is almost exclusively made of foam.
- the structural sub-assembly with its layer of machined foam is intended to be covered with an external envelope.
- This outer envelope is preferably a sheet (woven or non-woven) 9 of glass fibers or other resin coated, and it can receive finishing operations in the same way as for a traditional float. This gives a particularly efficient gliding board.
- the envelope external may be carried out differently, for example by simple thermoforming of two sheets of thermoplastic material, as is known in particular in the field windsurfing floats.
- the invention has just been described for a sub-assembly formed only of two elements shell, but it can be transposed without difficulty in case the sub-assembly is composed of more than two shell elements.
- a subset may include several of the aspects of the invention described one by one above, for example an extra thickness of glue on both the internal and external sides, or an excess of adhesive on the internal side combined with a disbursement of the interface song, etc.
- the invention could be applied for the construction of gliding boards other than surf floats, by example for windsurfing floats, floats intended for swimming in waves and overall, any nautical practice in which the float operates mainly in the planed mode.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- former deux demi-coques ;
- assembler les deux demi-coques à l'aide d'une résine adhésive moussante.
Claims (25)
- Procédé de fabrication d'un sous-ensemble structurel (10) pour une planche de glisse, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à :former au moins deux éléments de coque (22, 24) ;assembler les deux éléments de coque (22, 24) à l'aide d'une résine adhésive moussante (42).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la résine adhésive d'assemblage (42) est déposée à l'interface entre les éléments de coque (22, 24) mais aussi autour de l'interface pour former une surépaisseur (44).
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la surépaisseur (44) de résine adhésive moussante est comprise dans une zone (38) des demi-coques (22, 24) qui est destinée à être usinée après l'assemblage des demi-coques.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de coque (22, 24) assemblés délimitent une partie interne creuse (50).
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la résine adhésive moussante est déposée de manière à former une surépaisseur (44) du côté de la partie interne creuse (50).
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte l'étape de disposer, à l'intérieur de la partie interne creuse (50). au moins une cloison de confinement (46, 54) destinée à limiter l'expansion de la surépaisseur (44) de résine adhésive moussante.
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la cloison de confinement est disposée à proximité de l'interface entre les deux éléments de coque (22, 24).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la surépaisseur (44) de résine adhésive moussante s'étend de part et d'autre de l'interface de contact (42) des éléments de coque (22, 24).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la surépaisseur (44) s'entend le long d'une partie au moins du contour de l'interface.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le sous-ensemble (10) est formé de deux demi-coques (22, 24) présentant chacune une forme de plaque, l'une (22) au moins des deux plaques étant galbée, et en ce que l'interface (42) entre les deux demi-coques est formée par une face (32) d'une des plaques (24) et par le chant de l'autre plaque (22).
- Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les deux demi-coques (22, 24) sont recouvertes, sur une face interne (30, 32), d'une couche de matériau composite rigide.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les parties (52) de l'interface située sur les demi-coques (22, 24) sont dépourvues de matériau composite rigide.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la forme de la surépaisseur (44) de résine adhésive moussante est définie, lors de l'expansion de la résine moussante, par un élément de moule.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la zone (38) des éléments de coque (22, 24) qui est destinée à être usinée après assemblage est composée au moins partiellement d'une mousse (26, 28).
- Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la zone (38) des éléments de coque (22, 24) qui est destinée à être usinée est composée au moins partiellement d'une mousse de polyuréthane (26,28).
- Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la zone (38) des éléments de coque (22, 24) qui est destinée à être usinée est composée au moins partiellement d'une mousse époxy (26, 28).
- Sous-ensemble structurel pour une planche de glisse, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux éléments de coque (22, 24) qui sont assemblés l'un à l'autre à l'aide d'une résine adhésive moussante (42).
- Sous-ensemble structurel selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que la résine adhésive d'assemblage (42) est déposée à l'interface entre les éléments de coque (22, 24) mais aussi autour de l'interface pour former une surépaisseur (44).
- Sous-ensemble structurel selon l'une des revendications 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il délimite au moins une partie interne creuse (50).
- Sous-ensemble structurel selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que la résine adhésive moussante est déposée de manière à former une surépaisseur (44) du côté de la partie interne creuse (50).
- Sous-ensemble structurel selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, à l'intérieur de la partie interne creuse (50), au moins une cloison de confinement (46, 54) destinée à limiter l'expansion de la surépaisseur (44) de résine adhésive moussante.
- Sous-ensemble structurel selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la cloison de confinement est disposée à proximité de l'interface entre les deux éléments de coque (22, 24).
- Procédé de fabrication d'une planche de glisse, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes consistant à :usiner au moins partiellement un sous-ensemble structurel (10) comportant des éléments de coque (22, 24) assemblés l'un à l'autre à l'aide d'une résine adhésive moussante (42, 44), jusqu'à obtenir une forme voulue du sous-ensemble ;recouvrir le sous-ensemble (10) usiné d'une enveloppe externe.
- Planche de glisse, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un sous-ensemble structurel conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 22.
- Planche de glisse selon la revendication 24, caractérisée en ce que le sous-ensemble structurel est recouvert d'une enveloppe externe.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0116965A FR2833565B1 (fr) | 2001-12-19 | 2001-12-19 | Procedes de fabrication d'un sous-ensemble structurel et d'une planche de glisse : sous-ensemble structurel et planche de glisse obtenus par un tel procede |
FR0116965 | 2001-12-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1321358A2 true EP1321358A2 (fr) | 2003-06-25 |
EP1321358A3 EP1321358A3 (fr) | 2005-06-01 |
Family
ID=8871043
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP02026117A Withdrawn EP1321358A3 (fr) | 2001-12-19 | 2002-11-23 | Sous-ensemble structurel, planche de glisse et leur procédé de fabrication |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6669519B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1321358A3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2833565B1 (fr) |
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FR2812269B1 (fr) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-12-13 | Salomon Sa | Sous-ensemble prevu pour realiser un flotteur de glisse sur eau |
US20020167136A1 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-11-14 | Lehr Gregory S. | Dual density foam core sports board |
FR2833566B1 (fr) | 2001-12-19 | 2004-05-21 | Salomon Sa | Planche de glisse creuse avec des masselottes d'inertie |
WO2004076769A2 (fr) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-09-10 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Raidisseurs de contact pour peaux structurelles |
FR2863582A1 (fr) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-17 | Salomon Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une planche de glisse et planche obtenue par un tel procede |
FR2886916B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-09 | 2007-10-19 | Salomon Sa | Flotteur de glisse comportant un pont a strucure sandwich a ame elastique |
US8042140B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2011-10-18 | Kangaroo Media, Inc. | Buffering content on a handheld electronic device |
FR2892379B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-24 | 2008-04-04 | Salomon Sa | Planche de glisse comportant une structure sandwich renforcee |
FR2892340B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-24 | 2008-02-22 | Salomon Sa | Structure stratifiee sandwich perfectionnee |
DE102006011734B4 (de) * | 2006-03-14 | 2020-06-18 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Haushaltgerät mit einem Laugenbehälter |
WO2008014227A2 (fr) | 2006-07-24 | 2008-01-31 | Huntsman Petrochemical Corporation | Mousse de couleur pâle pour une utilisation dans des applications maritimes |
CN100500250C (zh) * | 2007-04-05 | 2009-06-17 | 张广基 | 具有气垫功能的运动滑板及其制造方法 |
US9045201B1 (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2015-06-02 | Tadas Kuzmarskis | Cork watersports board |
US9975027B2 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2018-05-22 | James Fike | Weighted kickboard |
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US5840407A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1998-11-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Optical film to simulate beveled glass |
-
2001
- 2001-12-19 FR FR0116965A patent/FR2833565B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-11-23 EP EP02026117A patent/EP1321358A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-18 US US10/321,391 patent/US6669519B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3007208A (en) * | 1959-03-31 | 1961-11-07 | B B Chem Co | Methods of applying resin foam |
US3514798A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1970-06-02 | Robert Ellis | Surf-board construction and method of making same |
FR2336954A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-07-29 | Labat Jacques | Procede de fabrication d'une planche d'hydroplanage et produits ainsi obtenus |
DE2829380A1 (de) * | 1978-07-04 | 1980-01-17 | Marker Hannes | Surfbrett |
DE2935529A1 (de) * | 1979-09-03 | 1981-03-19 | Dieter 7505 Ettlingen Franz | Surfbrett |
FR2473457A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-10 | 1981-07-17 | Yonne Sa Plastiques | Planche a voile |
NL8104783A (nl) * | 1981-10-22 | 1983-05-16 | Jan De Jong | Konstruktie voor het versterken van een zeilplank. |
WO2002010011A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-02-07 | Salomon S.A. | Sous-ensemble prevu pour realiser un flotteur de glisse sur eau |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2833565B1 (fr) | 2004-02-27 |
US20030114054A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
FR2833565A1 (fr) | 2003-06-20 |
US6669519B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 |
EP1321358A3 (fr) | 2005-06-01 |
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