EP1350870A2 - Device and metod for optimizing control values of a spinning mill machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The equipment includes a controlled drawing section (1), and a carding- or comb machine fed continuously with fibrous bands (2). A sensor (3) ahead of the drawing section, measures band thickness. An exit sensor (30) measures thickness of the resulting fibrous band (2') in a first drawing operation. Measurements are also taken in a second defined drawing operation which is not normally used. A computer (14, 14') compares values. The control unit (10) coordinates and optimizes adjustments with machine and/or fiber characteristics. The first drawing section is used for normal high delivery speed, fibrous band production. In the second drawing section operation, a test may be performed to establish the control magnitude for drawing. Simulated voltage signals may be imposed on the controller to drive (13) loop, corresponding with variations in band thickness measured at the entry sensor. Further optimization features are elaborated. An Independent claim is included for the corresponding control optimization method.

Description

The invention relates to a device for optimizing the regulatory settings a spinning machine with a regulated drafting system, in particular a regulating path, a card or a comber. The invention also relates to a corresponding method and a Spinning machine.

A spinning machine with a regulated drafting system is for example the regulating section RSB-D 30 from Rieter, where the thickness fluctuations at the entrance of the incoming slivers by means of a mechanical Scanning (grooved roller / tracer roller) measured continuously and in electrical Signals is converted. The measured values are an electronic Memory supplied with variable delay. By the change the delay is achieved that the warp between the center roll and delivery roller of the drafting system takes place at exactly the moment the piece of tape previously measured by the pair of feeler rollers in the warping point located. The delay therefore causes the corresponding piece of tape run through the distance between the pair of feeler rollers and the place of delay can. When the piece of tape reaches the fictitious warp point in the warp field, the corresponding measured value is determined by the electronic memory Approved. This distance between the measuring location of the pair of sensing rollers and The place of delay is called the regular point of use. When the standard point of use is reached, depending on the measured value, an adjustment action of the control motor takes place.

Especially when changing to other fiber materials or lots for regulating lines and in general for textile processing spinning machines usually extensive optimizations necessary. On routes for example the mechanical settings have to be optimized, i.e. the warpage length, the tensions, the top roll loads, the delivery speed, etc. But also the process-controlled parameters must be optimally adjusted again, in particular the standard operating point, the regulation intensity (reinforcement of the control motor control), the required sliver fineness, i.e. the length-related strip thickness (actually The sensors sense the strip thickness; become colloquial the terms tape fineness and tape thickness used as synonyms) and the correction values when the machine is running slowly.

One way to determine at least the optimal regulation intensity is the so-called tape test. This is intended to show machine-internal influences and material-specific peculiarities regardless of the regulation be recorded. The tape test is randomly and manually determined the correct adjustment of fluctuations in thickness of the or of the slivers performed. This is the normal number submitted slivers (e.g. six slivers) stretched and at the same time regulates their fluctuations. After that, one of the submission tapes removed and the remaining tapes adjusted so that the required tape fineness (in the unit "ktex"; becomes colloquial also the term tape weight used) of the normal number of original tapes is achieved. In a further step the original becomes Number of slivers presented (in the example previously 6 ribbons) additional tape added. The bands are in turn adjusted so that the tape fineness of the original number of tapes was also observed becomes. Sample pieces of each of the three steps are defined Length, e.g. 25 m each, removed and balanced. This approach is repeated several times to achieve statistically reliable values. From the mean values obtained, which represent a three-point measurement, the deviations of the A% values (A% = percentage deviation of the strip fineness) of the stretched, regulated tape. The The band test described is repeated until acceptable A% deviations (e.g. <0.1%) can be achieved. The procedure and the The calculation basis is for the RSB-D 30 route from Rieter in the brief instructions under point 2.31, section 3C / 100 to 3C-102.

The tape test described above is very material and time consuming. At the In addition, changing on small lots is no longer economically viable. In addition, the test conditions for critical fiber materials must be followed exactly. For example, it can change Room humidity comes in that the fiber material in different Dimensions absorbs moisture, which makes the test values comparable can falsify. DE 42 15 682 A1 is a solution for one automatic band test described in which a transient signal such as a thick spot for carrying out a tape test online is presented. However, this method has the particular disadvantage that in a constant control movement, the regulation parameters, in particular the control starting point and the regulation intensity, based on the measured values be influenced at the exit of the drafting system and thus also an uninterrupted and therefore not necessarily the desired control movement takes place, which causes restlessness. In an alternative variant of DE 42 15 682 becomes the transient signal by temporarily supplying a reserve band generated, this method is correspondingly expensive.

A further complex adjustment of the regulatory parameters is necessary if the measured values of the strip mass sensor or strip thickness sensor at the drafting system inlet with a defined slow speed opposite the machine normal delivery speed (in the range of today 800-1000 m / min) in Depending on the material properties must be corrected. In which Mechanical feeler roller system at the drafting system inlet described above it has been found that the deflection of the sensing roller depends on the speed is different. Also, the depth of penetration the feeler roller depends on the type of fiber, even if it has the same fineness exhibit. For this reason, the Rieter machine mentioned so far has been the So-called "adjustment of fiber type" carried out (see brief instructions for the above Line RSB-D 30 from Rieter under point 2.30, section 3C / 99), in which the actual belt fineness at the drafting device outlet (also outlet belt fineness called) in the slow running of the machine with the actual belt fineness is compared at normal delivery speed. This will have an impact on the sliver leaving the drafting system using gravimetric Sorting checked, i.e. there will be a band rehearsal of e.g. 10 m length at normal delivery speed and afterwards Slow speed (e.g. at 1/6 of the normal delivery speed) produced. From the result of the weight comparison, the operator can use given guide values ("x% difference between the two actual belt finenesses corresponds approximately to a change in "Adjustment of fiber type" of y%) on an operator panel the correction of the measurement error in slow speed enter. This procedure is also extremely time-consuming and therefore production-inhibiting and cost-intensive.

It is an object of the present invention, an apparatus and a method of the type mentioned in such a way that rapid optimization of regulation parameters of spinning machines and in particular of regulating lines is feasible.

This task is at the beginning of a device or a method mentioned type by the features of claim 1 and claim 17 solved.

The invention offers the advantage that the parameters can be optimized more quickly for regulation - especially regulation intensity - and the dynamic behavior of the regulating sections, especially when changing lots and material change is made possible. It is also possible incorrect measured values when starting the machine due to calculation quickly recognized and corrected by means of the control and / or regulating unit. The necessary computing unit or the necessary microprocessor can form a separate unit or in another, for example a central processing unit in or also the sensor arrangement be integrated.

Advantageously, the normal operation of the Drafting system used. By comparing the measured at the outlet Strip thicknesses or strip thickness fluctuations or strip fineness fluctuations in normal operation to those in the second, non-normal operation can be extrapolated, such as large material inherent and / or machine internal Influences on regulation. If more precise corrections are desired third and fourth, etc. drafting systems can also be included in the evaluation be taken up, the operation of these operations also corresponds to a non-normal operation (the corresponding one Measuring point for normal operation was obtained in the first drafting system operation).

It should be noted that it is also possible not to start normal operation first Drawing unit operation, but one of the at least second drafting system operation different operation, for example to optimize regulations to find in special conditions.

The device according to the invention and the method can be used with advantage especially when the at least one sensor is at the outlet of the drafting system delivers very high measuring accuracy. Is most suitable here is an almost ideally measuring sensor that measures the strip thickness or its Measures fluctuations in the drafting system outlet with little error, for example with an error of not greater than 0.9%. Based on the very The regulation parameters can then be measured at the drafting system outlet for the drafting system. For such measurement requirements can in particular and preferably a microwave sensor (see e.g. WO 00/12974) can be used with a cavity resonator at the drafting system outlet. In the event of a microwave sensor is called measuring the tape mass, instead of the tape thickness. Therefore, when in the context of this invention "Strip thickness" is mentioned here in the case of a microwave sensor also the term "tape mass".

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the Add or remove a single reference tape or one basically simulates any portion of one or more reference tapes. This means that for the optimization of the regulation quality the active (Real) adding or removing a single reference volume to the normally presented slivers can be omitted. Specifically - Language usage of the invention - as at least a second drafting system the presentation of one or more slivers or non-integer Sliver shares in addition to or less than the real submitted Fibers simulated.

The above-mentioned simulation of the tape test has the advantage that - in contrast for example to DE 42 15 682 A1 mentioned above - the actual one Band characteristic is not important. So it doesn't have to be a transient Signal used in the submission tapes or a reserve tape to perform the tape test. Instead, one is enough for everyone simulation to be carried out at any time.

Such a simulation advantageously involves the control drive of the drafting device are given control signals which indicate the electrical voltage the actual strip thickness fluctuations - determined from the signals of the at least one sensor arranged at the inlet - by the amount of voltage according to the simulated, added or removed Increase or decrease sliver content. For example, if simulated will be that seven tapes are presented to the drafting system and it in Reality are only six belts, the corresponding drafting rollers controlled as if there were seven tapes. The one leaving the drafting system and at the drafting system outlet in its Cross-section measured tape is thinner than that - without simulation - normal regulated, in which the control signal of the actual number of bands equivalent. For example, if the target band fineness is 5 ktex with six submitted Should be bands, the target band fineness would be in a simulation of seven tapes presented 5 ktex * 5/6. Will the submission of five Simulated bands, the target band fineness is 5 ktex * 7/6. The measured Actual band finenesses are now preferred with the target band finenesses iterative adjustment of the regulation intensity adjusted until the actual band fineness essentially correspond to the target tape fineness. This means that the actual tape fineness deviation is very small; how to continue is below, the actual tape fineness deviation is used as the calculation quantity used. To be sure here, the simulated one can Band tests should be repeated accordingly until a sufficiently accurate one Agreement of actual and target values for the outlet belt fineness is present. For example, Limit values or accuracy values specified no further simulations will be carried out if the values are undershot become.

With the corrected regulation intensity, which is a factor, can then the characteristic of the control drive can be corrected, especially its Tilt. It should be noted that the characteristic curve also varies depending on the machine set delivery speed changed and advantageously is calculated or saved for the respective delivery speed.

The procedure of the simulation of the tape test should be based on an example be made more explicit.

When presenting - presumably - several slivers, the sliver thickness fluctuations m _i measured by a sensor at the drafting system inlet, which consist of the average sliver mass m _doubling and its fluctuations Δm _i , are determined and converted into electrical measurement signals U _i (composed of U _doubling and ΔU _i ) converted. The measurement signal components, which represent the dynamic components ΔU _i , are used for the regulation. The measurement signal of the average tape mass m _doubling corresponds to the so-called 0% adjustment (operating point).

To simulate the addition of a supply tape, the electrical voltage U _doubling , which corresponds to the average tape mass, is increased, for example, by the DC voltage amount ΔU _{+ 1band} , which corresponds to the addition by a sliver. However, it can be advantageous to limit this increase, for example, to only the maximum band thickness fluctuations that occur, for example + 10%. If six tapes were presented, the addition of one tape would mean a corresponding tape thickness fluctuation of 16.7%. With a restriction to the 10% mentioned, the presentation of a complete sliver is not simulated, but only about 10 / 16.7 of a sliver. For the sake of simplicity, however, the simulation of the addition (and removal) of an entire volume is assumed below.

When a strip is simulated, the control drive receives control signals which correspond to the voltage ΔU _{i of} the actual strip thickness fluctuations plus the simulated additional DC voltage amount of ΔU _{+ 1band} . This results in a real dilution of the drawn fiber sliver compared to the nominal sliver fineness by a proportional amount ΔU ₊ 1 sliver to the DC voltage amount.

There are at least two independent calculation options for determining the percentage actual belt fineness deviations (A% _actual ) according to the calculation basis for the belt test. The first possibility is based on the formation of a target quotient, which results from the following equation: A% Should = T should .DELTA.U +1 tape - T N, D T N, D * 100

A second equation is established to determine the actual A% _actual value: A% is = A% Should - T Is .DELTA.U +1 tape - T N, D T N, D * 100

T_{Soll,ΔU+ 1 Band} :

Soll-Bandfeinheit infolge des simulierten hinzugenom. Bandes;

T_{Ist,ΔU+ 1 Band} :

Ist-Bandfeinheit infolge des simulierten hinzugenom. Bandes;

T_N,D :

Ist-Bandfeinheit der normal verstreckten Faserbänder.

Where:

T _{target, ΔU + 1 band} :

Target tape fineness as a result of the simulated addition. tape;

T _{actual, ΔU + 1 band} :

Actual tape fineness due to the simulated addition. tape;

T _{N, D} :

Actual sliver fineness of the normally stretched slivers.

Several values for the actual belt fineness per drafting system operation are preferred averaged, for example three values each over a sliver length of 20 m each. In the example specifically mentioned, this means that three Values for six slivers (without simulation) and three values for seven Slivers (six actually submitted and one additionally simulated) measured and the arithmetic mean is formed in each case.

The actual value of the associated A% value can then be calculated using equation (2). If this actual value is above a limit value, the regulation intensity is preferably changed and the simulated band test is preferably carried out again. In addition, one or more other tape templates can be simulated, for example the removal of a tape to calculate the associated A% _actual value. In principle, however, it is possible to carry out the simulation only for one situation or only for a second drafting system operation (adding or removing a sliver or sliver portion) and preferably comparing the result with that for the sliver actually presented. Regardless of how many different drafting systems the measurements are carried out, it is preferably carried out iteratively by calculating the A _actual % value for the at least two drafting systems and, if necessary, then changing the regulation intensity in order to achieve the corresponding A _actual % under these new conditions. -Calculate value until it has fallen below a predetermined limit value and the corrected regulation intensity, ie the optimal setting, has been found.

A second, alternative possibility for calculating the actual A _actual % value is based first of all on the conversion of the actual strip fineness measured at the outlet of the drafting system as a result of the simulated addition of a strip, ie T _{actual, ΔU +1 band} , around the quotient T _{N, D} / T _{soll, ΔU +1 band} : T Is .DELTA.U + 1Band Converted = T U = T Is .DELTA.U +1 tape * T N, D T should .DELTA.U +1 tape

The A% value is determined according to the following relationship: A% is = T U -T N, D T N, D * 100

To simulate the removal of a supply tape, the electrical voltage U _doubling , which corresponds to the average tape _{mass, is} reduced by the DC voltage _amount ΔU _{-1 tape} . In this way, the control drive receives control signals which correspond to the signals .DELTA.U _{i of} the actual strip thickness fluctuations and the simulated direct voltage _{amount of .DELTA.U -1 band} . This results in a thickening of the drawn sliver compared to the nominal sliver fineness by a proportion proportional to the direct voltage amount ΔU _{-1 sliver} , for example + 10%.

The calculations of the actual A% values (A% _actual ) are expediently carried out in accordance with equation (2) or (4), the corresponding band finenesses, advantageously averaged over several measurements, having to be taken into account. In a preferred procedure, the sliver fineness is measured when simulating an additional sliver (second drafting system) and the sliver fineness is simulated when a sliver is removed (third drafting mode) and in normal operation (first drafting mode). In this case, mean values are preferably determined, for example, over three measurements each. Using equation (2), for example, the A _actual % values for the larger or the lower number of fiber slivers are calculated from these - if necessary averaged - band finenesses. If these A _actual % values have different signs, which is equivalent to overregulation in one case and underregulation in the other case, the mean value is advantageously formed (as is also the case with the conventional band test according to the abovementioned brief instructions under item 2.31, section 3C / 101 is described). The regulation intensity is then preferably changed in an iterative process until this mean value and / or the two A _actual % values fall below predetermined limit values.

A computing unit is required to calculate the A% values. The Carrying out the automated or automatic belt test using In a preferred variant, simulation takes place before a batch change. Alternatively or additionally, the simulated tape test is carried out at defined time intervals and / or when a certain event occurs, for example if the A% value drifts above a specified drift limit value, simulated.

In a second advantageous embodiment of the invention, defective ones Measured values when the machine is running slowly, i.e. especially when starting off and when stopping, are corrected without the one described at the beginning "Adjustment of fiber type" can be carried out through extensive laboratory testing got to. In general, the optimal regulation parameters are a function of Delivery speed not below a certain delivery speed known. When using, for example, a pair of grooved / feeler rollers on Infeed is when the machine is running slower (starting and stopping the machine) Falsification of measured values due to the higher production speeds different sinking behavior of the feeler roller in the result or the presented slivers the result. Only at higher delivery speeds, in extreme cases only when the final delivery speed is reached, one can of a constancy of the regulation parameters out. It is therefore measurements when starting and stopping the machine to carry out the optimal regulation parameters at least can be extrapolated or estimated. There are measurements for this with the help of at least one sensor at the drafting system outlet at least two speeds required. This is advantageous a speed at a defined slow speed of the machine (= second drafting system operation), for example 1/6 of the operating speed, and the operating speed (= first drafting system operation) itself. At both speeds, the slivers are presented stretched and adjusted. The belt fineness generated in each case are in the outlet of the regulating section with the help of at least one sensor is recorded and, if necessary, in the event of a deviation in the tape fineness "Adjustment of fiber type" is preferably carried out automatically in such a way that the Regulation of the incorrect measurement results of the at least one sensor at the drafting system inlet when running slowly compared to normal operation (= High speed) compensates. For this purpose, a correction factor is used, for example the processor determined and with this factor the measurement error in the opposite corrected reduced speed operation during normal operation.

Instead of the aforementioned two-point measurement, i.e. Measurement in a defined Slow speed and normal operation, of course it is possible, measured values with several others, compared to normal operation advantageously to use reduced speeds, thus the accuracy of the correlation or function between optimal regulation parameters and increase delivery speed. For example for this, several operating states of the drafting system when starting up and / or when stopping the spinning machine with compared to normal operation slower delivery speed can be used. Today's Speed of the processors may make it possible to start up or stopping the machine the mentioned function course by recording many measuring points very closely.

The results from the simulated belt test and the "adjustment of fiber type" can be stored electronically to be more similar when repeated Conditions to fall back on them. However, the simplicity and Such a procedure does not speed up the solution according to the invention indispensable. In this case, for example, only a plausibility check carried out.

Instead of automatically setting the optimal regulation parameters also a manual adjustment or correction of these or individual parameters possible. In this case, the machine prefers these setting values and the operator can then, for example, on a corresponding Set the operator panel, preferably with a display device is combined. In a further alternative, the Machine performed a plausibility check and if the result was positive the optimization of the control parameter or parameters is carried out automatically. Alternatively, after a positive plausibility check, the operator is given one optimized machine setting suggested. The operator can too carry out such a plausibility check yourself - additionally or alternatively, be it based on his experience and / or with the help of a control sheet or similar ..

Advantageous developments of the invention are due to the features of the subclaims characterized.

Figur 1

eine Schaltungsanordnung einer Regulierstrecke gemäß der Erfindung;

Figur 2a, 2b

eine Veranschaulichung des Bändertests gemäß dem Stand der Technik und gemäß der Erfindung, wobei die jeweiligen Spannungssignale am Einlaufsensor und am Auslaufsensor dargestellt sind;

Figur 3a, 3b

die Simulation der Hinzunahme bzw. der Wegnahme eines Faserbandes, durch Anlegen einer entsprechenden Spannung einerseits am Eingang des FIFO-Speichers und andererseits hinter dem FIFO-Speicher sowie die daraus resultierenden, mit einem Auslaufsensor gemessenen Ist-Bandfeinheiten;

Figur 4

einen Graphen mit den Soll-Bandfeinheiten mit und ohne simuierte Faserbandanteile in Abhängigkeit der Soll-Bandfeinheit-Abweichungen (A%_Soll);

Figur 5

eine Darstellung der zu korrigierenden Fehler am Einlaufsensor bei langsamen Liefergeschwindigkeiten, und

Figur 6

eine Korrektur der genannten Fehler durch eine automatische "Anpassung Faserart".

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show it:

Figure 1

a circuit arrangement of a regulating system according to the invention;

Figure 2a, 2b

an illustration of the tape test according to the prior art and according to the invention, wherein the respective voltage signals on the inlet sensor and on the outlet sensor are shown;

Figure 3a, 3b

the simulation of the addition or removal of a sliver by applying a corresponding voltage on the one hand to the input of the FIFO memory and on the other hand behind the FIFO memory and the resulting actual sliver finenesses measured with a runout sensor;

Figure 4

a graph with the target tape fineness with and without simulated sliver fractions depending on the target tape fineness deviations (A% _target );

Figure 5

a representation of the errors to be corrected on the inlet sensor at slow delivery speeds, and

Figure 6

a correction of the above-mentioned errors by automatic "adjustment of fiber type".

An exemplary control principle of a regulating section is shown schematically in FIG 1 shown. At the entrance of line 1, the strip thickness of the incoming sliver 2- in this case six sliver 2 - mechanical detected with a pair of groove / feeler rollers 3, which a funnel 18 for Merging the slivers 2 is connected upstream. After passing the Groove / feeler roller pair 3, the slivers 2 are spread out again to run into the drafting system. The measured values of the serving as inlet sensor Groove / feeler roller pair 3 are converted into electrical by a signal converter 4 Voltage values converted to a FIFO (First-In-First-Out) trained memory 5 are supplied. The FIFO memory 5 gives the Measuring voltage - with the support of a pulse generator 6 - with a defined one time delay to a setpoint level 7. The FIFO memory 5 and the setpoint stage 7 are part of a regulatory computer 17 (in dotted outline shown). The setpoint level 7 also receives from a master speedometer 9 a master voltage, which is a measure of the speed of the lower, driven by a main motor 8 roller of a pair of delivery rollers 22 is. A setpoint voltage is then set in setpoint stage 7 calculated and passed on to a control and / or regulating unit 10. In the control and / or regulating unit 10 takes place a target-actual value comparison. The associated actual values come from a control motor 11, which they to an actual value tachometer 12, which in turn transmits the corresponding Passes the actual voltage to the control and / or regulating unit 10. The target-actual value comparison in the control and / or regulating unit 10 is used to the control motor 11 a very specific, the desired delay change to issue the corresponding speed. The control motor 11 is with a Planetary gear 13 connected, in which the main motor 8 also drives. The speed of the lower roller becomes one by means of the planetary gear 13 Input roller pair 20 and the lower roller of a middle roller pair 21 changed so that a band equalization at constant speeds of the delivery roller pair 22 (constant delivery speed) takes place. The fiber fleece or the fiber tapes are accordingly on the one hand in the pre-drafting field between the input roller pair 20 and the middle roller pair 21 and on the other hand in the main default area (namely in the standard operating point) warped between the middle roller pair 21 and the delivery roller pair 22. The grooved / feeler roller pair 3 is also driven by means of the motors 8, 11.

The one measured on the pair of grooving / sensing rollers 3 (inlet sensor) serves as the control variable Strip thickness. Due to the sliver transport from the pair of groove / feeler rollers 3 to the drafting system - consisting of the entrance, middle and Delivery roller pair 20, 21, 22 - a dead time is calculated, which the Delay time in FIFO memory 5 corresponds. The theoretically calculated Dead time is taken into account the dynamic drive of the control motor 11 and the associated drive train always corrected. The Speed for the control motor 11 as a manipulated variable is from the control and / or Control unit 10 determines, the actual sliver thickness of the sliver, the nominal value of the strip thickness (as a reference variable) and the speeds of the Main motor 8 and the control motor 11 are processed. By the proportional Superposition of the speeds of the main motor 8 and the control motor 11 and taking into account the dead time mentioned, the strip thickness in the drafting system in the standard operating point, which is between the middle and Delivery roller pair 21, 22 is regulated.

Component according to the invention of the exemplary regulating section presented is at least one very precise measuring tape thickness sensor 30 am Outlet of the drafting system, which in the exemplary embodiment shown Band funnel 19 is connected downstream. Such a sensor 30 can, for example by means of microwaves, the strip thickness fluctuations or Belt mass fluctuations of the sliver leaving the drafting system Measure 2 '. Other measuring principles with high measuring precision are also possible, for example based on capacitive, optical, acoustic and / or mechanical measurement methods. The at least one sensor 30 according to an embodiment of Figure 1 (solid connecting lines) with the interposition of a measured value memory 15 with a computing unit 14 (or microprocessor) arranged in the regulation computer 17 connected, which in turn is connected to the setpoint stage 7 is. In a further alternative, also shown in FIG. 1 (dashed lines Connecting lines) is the sensor 30 with the interposition of a Measured value memory 15 'with a separate computing unit 14' (or microprocessor) connected, which in turn with the regulatory computer 17 and is in particular connected to setpoint stage 7. The computing unit 14 'and the memory 15' can in a computer 17 'for the Band monitoring can be integrated, the dotted outline in Figure 1 is shown. Alternatively, in the at least one sensor 30 even an arithmetic unit with a measured value memory (not shown) integrated his.

By means of the at least one sensor 30, in particular a simulated one Belt test possible. Here, the control and / or regulating unit 10 is brief a voltage - for example via the computing unit 14 or the Computing unit 14, by the setpoint level 7 or by one in the shown Embodiment not provided central computer - predetermined, that of adding or removing a volume or a portion one or more of the sliver 2 presented to the drafting system corresponds. These voltage signals become those real voltage signals superimposed, for example, in the signal converter 4 from the mechanical Signals of the groove / feeler roller pair 3 are converted. The tax and / or Control unit 10 outputs a corresponding one to the superimposed voltage signals Control signal to the control motor 11 so that it has a corresponding Warping now in the form of a spread non-woven fabric present slivers 2 causes.

By means of the at least one sensor 30, which according to the above Can measure the requirement very precisely, it can now be checked whether and how the addition and / or removal of sliver portions their precipitation in the correspondingly regulated fiber fleece or sliver 2 'found. This evaluation is carried out according to the two in FIG 1 shown alternatives by means of the computing unit 14 or the computing unit 14 'made. If the check shows that the regulation intensity, So the gain of the control motor control, not optimally set is changed, preferably based on the calculation result by a corresponding command from the computing unit 14 or the Computing unit 14 'causes the control and / or regulating unit 10. Prefers then this automatic or simulated tape test is at least performed again to adjust the adjusted intensity check and optimize it further (iteratively) if necessary. The interim results can be written in a memory 16 or 16 'and read out again be connected to the computing unit 14 or 14 '. Likewise can the various factors determined in the memory 16 or 16 ' on the intensity of regulation in the possibly different simulated drafting systems saved and then a - possibly weighted - Average or average are determined, preferably with the help the computing unit 14 or 14 '.

This means that the belt test previously carried out through extensive laboratory testing can be carried out by adding and / or removing sliver portions can be simulated. The simulations and adaptations become more precise the intensity of regulation if both the addition and the Removal of sliver shares is simulated and, if necessary, several Measuring points (simulation of different sliver fractions) be included.

Within the terminology of this invention, the "simulated" here Belt test "designated mode prefers normal drafting system operation referred to as the first drafting system operation and the additional superimposition by voltage signals from simulated added and / or removed Sliver shares as second, third, fourth, etc. drafting system operation. Will only be an additional positive or negative voltage is carried out according to a simulated sliver proportion, is next to the first drafting system operation only the second drafting system operation Optimization of the regulation intensity used. Advantageously however, both the addition and removal of a sliver or a sliver portion simulated.

FIGS. 2a and 2b show the previous procedure for the belt test and the simulated tape test according to the invention is compared again. In FIG. 2, at "A" in the left half of the picture, there are six Sliver 2 - according to normal operation - as well as the template of five or seven real slivers 2 and the corresponding am Inlet sensor 3 reproduced measured voltage signals. The regulation the drafting system is set such that the measured voltage signal on the outlet sensor 30 - shown at "B" in the right Half of the image - and thus the fineness of the resulting sliver 2 ' ideally always the same.

In contrast, in the simulated tape test according to the invention (FIG 2b) the actual number of fiber slivers 2 is constant, for example six fiber tapes, each with approx. 5 ktex, so that the measuring voltage at Inlet sensor 3 fluctuates around a correspondingly narrow measuring range, see. "A" in the left half of the picture. With the outlet sensor 30, however, different Belt finenesses according to the number of slivers actually presented received plus or minus the simulated sliver fractions, s. "B" in the right half of the picture. The middle graph is one of the six presented Sliver 2 without simulation parts, the two above Graphs for an additional simulation of 10 / 16.7 or one complete removed sliver (corresponding to 10% or 16.7% target sliver weight deviation). The two lower measurement curves correspond an additional simulation of 10 / 16.7 or a completely added one Sliver (corresponding to -10% or -16.7% target sliver weight deviation). In total, simulations are available at five various drafting systems carried out, advantageously averages of several measurements per drafting system operation become. For example, three or four times 20 per drafting system operation Measure in the band and average the results. The measured values for the respective Measurements are preferably temporarily stored in the memory 15 or 15 ' and then for the averaging and further processing of the computing unit 14 or 14 'provided.

The simulated addition is shown in FIG. 3a and the simulated removal is shown in FIG. 3b a sliver for the actually presented sliver number, in two alternatives. The left, shown in dashed lines The y axis represents the control voltage specified for the control motor 11 and the right, solid y-axis with the outlet sensor 30 measured actual tape fineness. The control voltage is normal Regular operation approx. 0 V (when using single drives, not shown) the control voltage would be unequal 0 in normal operation V). The respective associated graphs are also dashed or solid shown. With one of the two alternatives, this can be additional or removed sliver by putting on an appropriate one Control voltage pulse of approx. Additional +0.7 V or -0.7 V am Input of the FIFO memory 5 can be realized, see. Voltage jump at "1". Because of the mentioned dead or delay time in memory 5 ("FIFO length") is the waste with a simulated additional sliver (Fig 3a) or the corresponding increase in a simulated removed Sliver (Figure 3b) only with the appropriate delay (covered Distance of the belts 2 from the sensor 3 to the control point of use accordingly the length of the FIFO plus the distance traveled from the point of control to outlet sensor 30) registered by sensor 30.

This is different when applying the simulation voltages at the output of the FIFO memory 5 (or at the input or output of the Setpoint level 7 or at the input of the control and / or regulating unit 10) - see. respective voltage jump at "2" - due to the short distance the corresponding between the drafting system and the outlet sensor 30 Receive signal with only a short delay at the output of the outlet sensor 30 becomes.

Measuring points are recorded on the sensor 30 in the time period designated “evaluation”, for example a measuring point every cm over a band distance of 20 m. The averaged value gives the actual tape fineness T _{Ist, ΔU + 1Band} or T _{Ist, ΔU-1Band} , cf. Equation (2). As explained above, the measurements are advantageously repeated at each operating point or each drafting system operation due to the scatter of the measurement results, and an average value for the actual belt finenesses is then further processed.

The principle of the simulated tape test is further explained in the following using FIG. 4 using the equations (1) and (2) above, using the example of a six-fold duplication. It is assumed here that five, possibly averaged, measured values corresponding to five different drafting systems are recorded in order to create a function which represents the desired tape finenesses as a function of the desired tape fineness deviations (A% _target ). The actual sliver fineness of the resulting sliver 2 'when six slivers 2 are drawn without simulation (T _{N, D} ) should ideally be 5 ktex in the present case. The target band fineness A% _target as a result of a simulated additional sliver (T _{target, ΔU + 1} band) is calculated as 5 * 5/6 = 4.167, so that according to equation (1) A% _target = -16.7%. According to the example in FIG. 4, the removal of a sliver (A% _target = 16.7%), the addition of a sliver proportion corresponding to A% _target = -10% and the removal of a sliver proportion corresponding to A% _target = 10% simulated. Correspondingly, the target tape finenesses T _{target are} plotted against the target tape fineness deviations (A% _target ) in FIG.

In principle, the target tape fineness T _Soll according to FIG. 4 is now compared with the actual tape fineness T _Ist according to FIG. 2b. For this purpose, the A% _actual values for the second, third etc. drafting system operation and an average value are calculated using equation (2) with the aid of the A% _target values from FIG. The regulation intensity of the drafting system is then changed and the measurements of the corresponding actual belt finenesses (proportional to the measuring voltages at the outlet sensor) are carried out until the associated A% _actual value falls below a certain predetermined limit value.

A correction is also preferred by means of the device according to the invention the measured value falsification of the inlet sensor 3, i.e. the drafting system upstream sensor, at slow delivery speeds, in particular So when starting and stopping the machine, possible. The first The drafting system operation corresponds to the normal operation of the machine the usual high delivery speeds (in the range of today 800 - 1000 m / min), the second drafting system, on the other hand, slow speed. Especially with mechanically scanning inlet sensors, such as the one in the Figure shown groove / feeler roller pair 3, the depth of penetration of the feeler element in the fiber sliver (s) 2 submitted by the speed dependent on these bands, so that there are measurement falsifications for correct slow speed.

This situation is shown in more detail in FIG. The on the inlet sensor 3 measured belt fineness (solid graph) and that on the outlet sensor 30 measured band fineness (dashed graph) are for the start, the Normal operation and stopping the machine are shown. The whole Band fineness of six slivers presented here should be constant 30 ktex amount, this value being measured during normal operation of the machine. When starting and stopping the machine, the rollers of the pair of grooved / feeler rollers can 3 penetrate deeper into these six ligaments so that one The measured tape fineness is lower than in normal operation. This situation is equivalent to registering a thin spot. Accordingly more strip material is delivered to the drafting system in order to achieve an even Obtain sliver. As a consequence, the outlet sensor 30 becomes thicker Sliver measured. According to the invention, this error has to be corrected, without the need for laboratory tests.

This correction can be made according to the invention by one or more, compared to that also referred to as high-speed running Normal operation of the machine slower drafting systems the belt fineness generated in each case by means of the at least one outlet sensor 30 can be detected. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 three measuring points at different slow delivery speeds as well as a measuring point at a delivery speed from which no measuring error occurs at the inlet sensor 4, was recorded. Preferably are also averages over several measurements under the same conditions carried out. The dashed line illustrates the course of the curve, if measuring points were recorded at every delivery speed.

With the help of the computing unit 14 or the computing unit 14 'according to the alternative embodiments the measured values are evaluated in FIG. what deviations the tape fineness measured at the outlet sensor 30 at different delivery speeds. at Deviation of the belt fineness, the so-called "adaptation fiber type" is inventively preferably made automatically such that the regulatory computer 17 the falsifying measurement results of the at least one Inlet sensor 3 in the slow running or in comparison to normal operation (= High-speed running) by correcting the registered measurement signals and thus the control motor 11 is controlled accordingly. For this a correction factor or a correction function is advantageously determined, for example by the computing unit 14 or by the computing unit 14 ', and thus the measurement error in reduced compared to normal operation Corrected speed operation. The correction factor or the correction function can be stored in the memory 16 or 16 '.

FIG. 6 shows an example of how such a correction function can be determined. The four measuring points mentioned are each with straight lines connected, which results in a (non-continuous) function. The values The correction function can then be used when starting up or stopping the machine the current delivery speed can be assigned to the Control motor 11 to control accordingly. In a simple alternative only one measuring point is recorded at a low delivery speed (according to the state of the art, but in the gravimetric Laboratory weighings are carried out on the stretched sliver) and this measuring point with the measuring point at that delivery speed, From which no measurement error occurs on the inlet sensor approximated by a single straight line. This straight line then provides a correction factor. Instead of such linear approximations, it is also possible to to connect the measuring points with a continuous function, thereby increasing the accuracy the correction can be increased. In Figure 6 is also shown that the resulting sliver with the invention Correction has a substantially constant band fineness of 5 ktex (solid graph).

In an alternative regulation system (not shown), a planetary gear is used waived. Rather, single drives are used. The drive the lower inlet roller and the lower center roller are preferably carried out here directly through a separate control motor. For accurate synchronization of the main motor, which is used for the delivery roller drive with a fixed Speed is operated, and the control motor ensures a delay computer. The speed ratio of the two motors determines the delay. Also In this regulating system, the described invention can be used accordingly deploy.

Before and / or after each optimization stage or on Finalizing the optimization of regulatory attitudes can be achieved Results are confirmed by the user, e.g. on a machine display or a display device 25, which according to that shown in Figure 1 Embodiment connected to the regulatory computer 17 is. The double arrow between the regulation computer 17 and the display device 25 illustrates that on the one hand data from the regulatory computer 17 can be transmitted to the display device 25 and that on the other hand For example, a touch panel is arranged on the display device 25 to transmit commands to the regulatory computer 17. Therefore can use a plausibility check to determine the values be subjected to the user. In an alternative are the display device and an input device arranged separately from each other.

After the optimizations, an automatic can change is preferred introduced at the outlet so that it can be filled in the cans to be filled only a sliver optimally stretched over its entire length is filed. In addition, a preference should be given to the machine display Note that the test material must be removed.

In summary, the invention thus enables in particular that one of the belt tests can be largely automated. On the other hand becomes a method of correcting the tape error when starting and stopping as well as in the defined slow speed of a regulating section compared to the Operating speed depending on the fiber materials to be processed proposed. The processes take place in a preferred way Variant fully automatic. Especially after a lot change first optimized the mechanical parameters as well as reaching the desired belt fineness waited before - preferably in this order - The "adjustment fiber type" and the simulated tape test carried out becomes. The standard point of use can - preferably afterwards - can be determined via the CV values, as is the case, for example, in EP 803 596 B1.

The invention has been described using a regulating path. You can but also on a card or a comber with one Use regulating drafting system. The invention can also be used in a Carding machine or comber with a downstream section with a Regulating drafting system can be used.

Claims (25)

Device for optimizing the regulation settings of a spinning machine (1) with a regulated drafting system, especially one Regulating section (1), a card or a comber, the one or several slivers (2) are fed continuously, with at least a sensor (3) upstream of the drafting system for detection values for the strip thickness of the incoming sliver (s) (2), with at least one outlet sensor arranged at the outlet of the drafting system (30) to acquire values of the resulting strip thickness Sliver (2 ') in a first drafting operation and in at least a second, defined drafting system operation, the second Drafting system operation does not correspond to normal operation of the drafting system, with a computing unit (14; 14 ') for comparing the with the at least an outlet sensor (30) detects values for the at least two Drafting systems, and with a control and / or regulating unit (10) to adjust the regulation settings based on the measured values influencing machine properties and / or sliver material properties. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the normal operation of the drafting system can be used as the first drafting system operation with the high delivery speeds customary in fiber sliver production. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one outlet sensor (30) is a microwave sensor. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a short-term presentation of one or more fiber slivers or non-integer fiber sliver portions can be simulated as an at least second drafting system operation in addition to or less than the fiber sliver (2) actually presented ("simulated sliver test") in order to especially to correct the gain factor for the drafting system regulation (regulation intensity). Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that by means of the control and / or regulating unit (10) to the regulating drive (11) of the drafting device, voltage control signals can be given which correspond to the simulated added or removed sliver portions and to those electrical voltage signals (U _i ) are added or subtracted from these, which correspond to the actual strip thickness fluctuations determined by the at least one inlet sensor (3) upstream of the drafting system. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that an arithmetic unit (14; 14 ') from the target sliver fineness and the measured actual sliver fineness in the case of simulation of the addition and / or removal of sliver portions (= second drafting system operation) and the actual - Belt fineness when stretching the real number of slivers (= first drafting system operation without simulation) is able to calculate the actual value of the A% value. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that in the case of measurements only in a first and in a second drafting system operation, the regulation intensity can be readjusted automatically or manually until the actual value of the A% value has reached a minimum value or falls below a predetermined value. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that for measurements in more than two drafting systems, the regulation intensity can be readjusted automatically or manually until the actual values of the A% values or an average of these actual values has reached a minimum value or one falls below the specified value. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a slow-speed operation with a slower delivery speed than normal operation (= first drafting operation) can be used as the at least second drafting system ("adjustment of fiber type"). Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that deviations between the measured actual belt fineness at the drafting system outlet in at least second drafting system operation compared to the first drafting system operation can be implemented in a corresponding actuation of the control drive (11) in the second drafting system operation, so that the measured actual belt finenesses at the drafting system outlet are essentially the same size for the first and the second drafting system operation or their difference is below a predetermined limit value. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that in one or more test runs one or more correction factors and / or a correction function can be determined by a computing unit (14; 14 ') and can be stored in a memory (16; 16') which are stored in subsequent slow-speed operations, in particular when starting up and stopping the spinning machine, can be called up to control the control drive (11). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the comparison of the at least first and second drafting system operations can be carried out when a batch is changed, at predetermined time intervals and / or when predefined events occur. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the optimized machine adaptations according to the preceding claims, a can change can be arranged at the machine outlet. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjustment of the regulation settings can be carried out automatically or by an operator by manual adjustment on the machine. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a display device (25) is provided on the machine to indicate whether and / or which adjustments to the regulation settings should be made on the basis of machine properties and / or sliver material properties influencing the measured values. Spinning machine, in particular regulating section (1), card or Comber, with a device according to one of the preceding Expectations. Method for optimizing the regulation settings of a spinning machine (1) with a regulated drafting system, in particular a regulation section (1), a card or a comber, comprising the following steps: one or more slivers (2) are fed continuously to the drafting system; At the inlet of the drafting system, values for the sliver thickness of the sliver or slivers (2) are detected with the aid of at least one sensor (3); At the outlet of the drafting system, values for the strip thickness of the resulting sliver (2 ') are recorded with the aid of at least one discharge sensor (30) in a first drafting system operation and in at least a second, defined drafting system operation, the second drafting system operation not corresponding to the normal operation of the drafting system, and the recorded values for the at least two drafting systems are compared with one another with the aid of an arithmetic unit (14; 14 ') in order to make adjustments to the regulation settings on the basis of machine properties and / or sliver material properties influencing the measured values. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that a short-term presentation of one or more fiber slivers or non-integer fiber sliver portions is simulated as an at least second drafting system operation in addition to or less than the fiber sliver (2) actually presented ("simulated sliver test"), in particular the Correct the gain factor for the drafting system regulation (regulation intensity). Method according to claim 18, characterized in that the control drive (11) of the drafting device is briefly given voltage control signals which correspond to the simulated added or removed sliver portions and which are added to or subtracted from those electrical voltage signals (U _i ) which correspond to the actual strip thickness fluctuations and are determined by the at least one sensor (3) arranged at the inlet. A method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that from the target sliver fineness and the measured actual sliver fineness in the case of simulation of the addition or removal of sliver portions (= second drafting system operation) and the actual sliver fineness when stretching the real number of slivers (= first drafting system operation without simulation) the actual value of the A% value is calculated by a computing unit (14; 14 '). Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the regulation intensity is automatically or manually readjusted until the actual value of the A% value (for measurements only in the first and in the second drafting system operation) or the actual values of the A% values or an average of these actual values (for measurements in more than two drafting systems) has reached a minimum value or falls below a predetermined value. Method according to one of Claim 17, characterized in that the at least second drafting system operation is an operation with a delivery speed which is slower than normal operation (= first drafting system operation) and in that the measured values for the actual belt fineness for the at least second drafting system operation by appropriate control of the control drive (11) are corrected in such a way that the measured actual belt finenesses for the first and the second drafting system operation are essentially the same size or their difference is below a predetermined limit value ("adjustment of fiber type"). Method according to Claim 22, characterized in that the correction is carried out for different delivery speeds which are slower than normal operation. Apparatus according to one of Claims 17 to 23, characterized in that the comparison of the at least first and second drafting system operations is carried out when a batch is changed, at predetermined time intervals and / or when predefined events occur. Method according to one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that after the optimized machine adaptations according to the preceding claims, a can change is initiated at the machine outlet.

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