EP1340877B1 - Door drive - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a drive device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

From the generic EP 0 764 752 A2 Such a drive device is known. There is provided a control or regulating device for controlling or regulating the existing valve, however, the sequence program used for this purpose is firmly stored, so that changes to adapt to actual requirements are not possible and optimal operation of the drive device is thus not guaranteed in all cases , Other similar drive devices each with immutable programs for motion control, ie with similar disadvantages are from the US 5,678,451 , of the EP 0 662 560 A1 and the US 5,687,507 known.

The DE 34 23 242 C1 describes an automatic door closer, the closing spring by means of a clamping piston, which is driven by a hydraulic pump, can be prestressed. By means of a timer further determination of the door leaf can be made, in which case a solenoid valve blocks the hydraulic circuit of the door closer. A dependent on the movement of the wing in its influence on the energy output of the energy storage variable influencing element is not present.

From the WO 92/12 318 A1 is known an electromechanical rotary wing drive. The drive motor can be operated in four-quadrant operation, so that it is also used to control the closing movement. One possibility for connecting the drive control to an external device for data display and / or data input is not available.

The DE 91 02 344 U1 shows a trained as a door closer drive device for automatically closing a rotatably mounted, designed as a door sash. An energy storage acts on a slidably guided in the door closer housing piston in the closing direction, so that the wing is closed under the action of the energy storage. The closing process is damped by means of an influencing device designed as a hydraulic damping device. The damping device has various sub-functions, for example, a closing damping and a so-called end impact shortly before reaching the closed position. Each of these sub-functions requires the need for a separate housing channel and a separate control valve. This is expensive to manufacture and in the setting on the assembled drive device. Another disadvantage is the fact that the damping behavior of the damping device, eg the onset of the end stop, is determined by the geometric arrangement of the corresponding channel openings in the drive device housing. Changes in the damping behavior are only possible by changes to the piston or housing of the drive device, for example by replacing the same. Another disadvantage is that the flow cross sections of the damping control valves are indeed manually adjustable, but that changes in the ambient conditions, in particular the ambient temperature, are not compensated. However, the viscosity of the damping medium is dependent on its temperature, so that it also changes the damping behavior. To maintain the desired damping behavior, therefore, a manual readjustment of the damping control valves is required for temperature changes.

From the US 4,148,111 is designed as a door closer drive for automatically closing a rotatably mounted door leaf known. This has a housing in which a trained as a closer shaft output member is rotatably mounted. The closer shaft cooperates via a gear formed as a pinion and rack gear with a linearly displaceably guided in the housing piston, wherein a trained example as a closing spring mechanical energy storage acts on the piston in the closing direction. An influencing device, which is designed as a hydraulic, one arranged in a transfer port between two housing chambers bounded by the piston valve having damping device is provided for damping the closing operation. The damping device is designed so that the damping of the movement of the wing in the closing direction is automatically adapted to changes in the ambient temperature by the valve having a flow area defining the plastic element which changes its volume as the ambient temperature changes. The plastic element expands when the temperature rises, so that the flow cross-section is reduced accordingly. This ensures that regardless of changes in the ambient temperature and the consequent changes in viscosity of the damping medium, a constant flow of the damping medium is ensured by the valve and the damping of the closing movement is thus temperature independent. A disadvantage of the drive device shown is that while an adaptation to the described changes in viscosity of the damping medium is ensured, an automatic adaptation to other special, triggered by the changes in other environmental conditions operating conditions is not provided. For example, it may happen that the wing is not completely closed by draft within a building or by wind, especially when on reaching the closed position, the resistance of a latch is overcome. Although the closing damping is adjustable by manual adjustment of the valve; However, this setting is always a compromise, because at low closing loss, which ensures a safe closing of the wing even with draft, the wing would fall violently and loudly in its closed position when the draft is not present.

The DE 42 31 803 A1 describes a diagnostic and monitoring method for error detection, status report and parameter adjustment in automatic doors and gates, which in automatic doors, which are equipped with a microprocessor control, a query both the errors occurring or of the system status. In addition, an adaptation of the system parameters using an external data communication unit is possible.

From the DE 196 50 569 A1 a device and a method for remote diagnosis, remote monitoring and remote initialization of automatic doors, door systems and gate systems is known. For data transmission, a mobile phone is provided.

The invention has for its object to provide a drive device which is flexible for different wing types and sizes usable, easy to install and ensures a comfortable operation and at the same time safe closing of the wing, regardless of the environmental conditions. In addition, the drive device should be inexpensive to manufacture.

The object is solved by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

The drive device includes a motorized spring force adjustment. The closing spring is supported on the one hand on the piston and on the other hand on a spring plate displaceably guided in the drive housing. The spring plate is moved by an electrically actuated actuator, for example by an electric motor whose spindle engages in the spring plate. Alternatively, the use of an electrochemical actuator is conceivable for this purpose. It is essential that a movement of the spring plate changes the bias of the closing spring. In conjunction with the detection of the movement of the output member of the drive device as well as the target-actual comparison of these measured values with a stored motion profile, it is possible to increase or decrease the force of the closer spring if necessary.

Thus, it may be provided, for example, that during manual opening of the wing, the force in a first opening angle portion starting from the closed position should be as low as possible, it may be tolerable or even desirable in the further course of opening that the spring force increases, possibly even in the sense of an opening damping short rises sharply before reaching full disclosure. For this purpose, the closing spring in the closed position of the wing is relatively little biased, and when you open the wing, the spring is then - in addition to the forced compression by the movement of the piston - additionally compressed if necessary by the spring plate. However, this additional compression can take place only when the wing is already fully open, so that enough spring force is available for the subsequent closing process, or it can be provided that the additional compression takes place only when the spring-loaded closing of the wing, especially if the closing speed falls below the setpoint stored in the movement profile.

It is thus achieved that - with the smallest possible opening resistance of the wing - as large a closing force is available. It is therefore essential that the drive device - based on the comparison of the actual movement with the stored movement profile - flexibly and quickly responds to deviations thereof in order to ensure a safe closing of the wing.

It can be provided that the operating parameters are determined within the scope of a "learning process" that can be carried out when the drive device is started up or by entering door parameters (for example, the dimensions and weight of the sash). As a result, an individual adaptation of the drive device to the door operated with it is possible, for example, that the closing force for normal operation is set so that it is just sufficient to reliably close the wing in normal operation. For certain emergency operating situations, however, the spring force can be increased at any time to the maximum possible value in order to effect a particularly rapid closure with high force.

All stored in the memory device of the control device operating parameters can already be stored by the manufacturer there. However, it is additionally provided that the parameters can also be input, changed and stored at any time even when the drive device is already mounted. For this purpose, an interface is present at the control device, wherein the input or change the operating parameters can be done for example via a connectable service terminal or via a conventional PC. For this purpose, the PC does not necessarily have to be arranged in spatial proximity to the drive device, since data transmission via building-side computer networks or via the Internet is also possible. When connecting the drive device to a central control center, the input or change of the operating parameters can also be done from there. Also conceivable is a wireless data transmission for input or modification of the operating parameters, wherein the control device can have a transmitter / receiver device for this purpose.

The interface may be formed in an advantageous embodiment of the drive device as a bus interface, which allows the connection of the drive device to a bus side existing bus system. The external sensors described above can also be bus-capable and connected via this bus interface to the control device of the drive device, whereby the cabling effort is significantly reduced.

As an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned connection possibilities, the drive device can also have direct facilities for data display and / or data input.

As a further embodiment, it is possible for the operating parameters to be stored in the memory device to be stored during startup of the drive device by manually moving the blade according to the desired sequence of movements, the signals of the sensor detecting the movement of the driven element being evaluated in the computer device and the operating parameters be processed for the movement.

The influencing device has an influencing element which can be controlled electrically, the movement of the blade being detected directly or indirectly by a sensor whose output signal is fed to an input of a control device which controls the influencing element. The control device is designed such that the influencing element depends on the movement of the wing in its influence on the energy output of the energy storage is changeable. As a result, a movement sequence of the door drive adapted to the actual wing movement in the sense of a control is made possible.

The sensor detecting the movement of the blade is designed in preferred embodiments of the drive device as a rotary encoder, for example as an incremental encoder or as absolute value rotary encoder. The rotary encoder can be arranged on the output member of the door drive.

Alternatively, the movement of other components operatively connected to the output member, e.g. a linearly displaceable in the drive housing piston, are detected. This can be done for example by means of Hall sensors or reed switches.

In a different embodiment of the drive device may be carried out instead of or in addition to detecting the driven member movement detecting the pivotal movement of the wing. The sensor can then be arranged in the region of the axis of rotation of the door and designed as a rotary encoder. In a drive device with sliding arm and slide rail, the sensor can also detect the linear movement of the slider in the slide rail, for which Hall sensors or reed switches are suitable.

Alternatively or additionally, pressure sensors can be arranged in the housing chambers of the drive housing for drives filled with hydraulic medium. The detected pressures are supplied to the controller and evaluated as a measure of the Betriebsstati the drive device. With parallel detection of the wing movement and the housing chamber pressures, a particularly sensitive processing of the operating states of the drive device and thus rapid reactions to changes from desired values is possible.

Also conceivable is a measurement of the flow velocity of the hydraulic medium in the channel between the housing chambers. For this purpose, a sensor for detecting the flow velocity can be arranged in this channel. The detected flow rate is fed to the controller and evaluated as a measure of the Betriebsstati drive device. Here, too, a particularly sensitive processing of Betriebsstati the drive device and thus rapid responses to changes from setpoints is possible with parallel detection of the driven member movement and flow rate.

The control device may have a computer device, a memory device and an electrical energy store. The electrical energy store can be designed as a replaceable battery. In preferred embodiments of the electrical energy storage is designed as a battery. Alternatively, the electrical energy storage as a capacitive energy storage, i. be designed as a capacitor, for example as a so-called gold-cap capacitor. Another possibility for the electrical power supply of the drive device is the use of a fuel cell.

Alternatively or additionally, it may of course be provided that the door drive is connected to a power supply network.

The output signal of the sensor designed, for example, as a multi-pole rotary encoder is directed to an input of the control device. In the advantageously non-volatile memory device of the control device, the parameters for the possible operating states of the drive device are stored. In the computer device of the control device, the stored parameters are compared with the output signals of the sensor. From these signals, the opening angle position and the speed of movement of the wing connected to the drive device are derived directly in the computer device.

For example, it may be provided that in the closing direction at high opening angles of the wing, a high speed of movement of the wing is allowed, but that from a certain small opening angle, the speed of movement of the wing is decelerated to a predetermined lower value. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the closing damping - in particular in the case of doors with latching latch - shortly before Reaching the closed position is reduced again or completely removed, so that the latch latch can engage reliably. For the opening movement, for example, be provided that the wing until it reaches a certain opening angle undamped, that is alone open against the force of the compressed closing spring, that from this particular opening angle but uses a damping of the opening movement, a striking the wing against a building part , eg against a wall, prevented.

In a further embodiment of the subject invention, a movement speed profile of the wing may be stored in the memory device, wherein each opening angle position of the wing is associated with an optimal speed of movement for the opening and for the closing movement. By means of this continuous profile of reference values it can be achieved that the damping does not abruptly start at a certain point, but that even slight deviations of the movement speed from the stored motion profile cause an immediate and exact adaptation of the damping and thus a sensitive control is achieved. A high speed when opening the wing can lead to a higher opening damping than with a slow wing movement. On the other hand, it may be necessary to dispense with an opening damping at a very slow opening movement of the wing. In addition, a compensation of environmental influences induced changes in the movement behavior of the drive device is possible, for example, in temperature-induced changes in viscosity of the damping medium. The opening loss, which depends on the opening speed of the vane, is adjustable with change of the movement speed profile, i. Each opening angle of the wing is an adjustable and changeable value of the opening loss attributable. The opening damping can be switched on and off.

In addition to the parameters relevant to the blade movement speeds, further parameters can also be stored in the memory device of the control device. For example, a hold-open time can be defined so that the wing does not close immediately after the opening process, but only is released after closing the hold open time. The hold-open time can be adjustable and changeable as well as switched on and off.

The influencing element can completely take over the function of a conventional locking device and thus replace it. After manual opening of the wing this remains in a predeterminable open position until the determination is canceled, for example, by the energization of the influencing element is interrupted. It is thus possible to use the drive device on fire doors, wherein after evaluation of a smoke sensor signal or in case of failure of the power supply reliable closure of the wing is ensured by the drive device.

A cancellation of the determination of the wing can also be triggered by manually moving the wing in the closing direction. For this purpose - when activated determination - a movement of the output member can be detected over a predetermined path and scored as the triggering signal for the cancellation of the determination. Alternatively or additionally, with additional housing chamber pressure detection, the increase in pressure occurring in one of the housing chambers when activation is detected and manual leaf actuation can be regarded as a triggering signal for the cancellation of the determination.

Another application of the drive device is - in conjunction with a special freewheel linkage - in a so-called "free-swing" function. The influencing element locks the closing spring similarly as in the previously described locking function in the cocked position. The linkage coupling to the output shaft of the drive device allows a relative movement between the driven output shaft and the force-transmitting linkage, so that the wing, without having to overcome the force of the closing spring, is freely movable, as long as the shutter spring is locked. Here too, a cancellation of the energization of the influencing element causes a cancellation of the locking of the closing spring, so that the wing is then spring-loaded closed.

The influencing element must be designed so that it can react quickly and accurately to the control signals of the control device. An advantageous embodiment of the influencing element is an electrically controllable valve which is arranged in an overflow channel, which connects two housing chambers present in the housing on both sides of the piston.

The electrically controllable valve may be formed, for example, as a bistable solenoid valve whose flow cross-section through the clocked switching between the two positions "open" and "closed" can be regulated. Depending on the ratio of the "open" and "closed" pulses to each other, the flow rate can be adjusted continuously, with a change in the flow rate can be realized very quickly.

In a different embodiment may be arranged instead of a single solenoid valve consisting of a plurality of parallel valves valve cascade. The valves of the valve cascade, which are preferably designed as bistable solenoid valves, are individually controllable, wherein the flow cross-section of the valve cascade is greater, the more valves are opened. The graduation of the realizable flow cross-sections depends on the number of individual valves, i. the more valves in the cascade are arranged parallel to one another, the finer the graduation of the flow cross sections.

Alternatively, the use of a valve is conceivable, the flow cross-section is infinitely adjustable by means of a high-speed servo motor and remains after the last drive signal at this corresponding value; In this case, control signals are only required to change the flow cross section. The use of other, not described valve actuators is conceivable with appropriate suitability, for example, piezoelectric actuators or thermal actuators.

In a further embodiment, the influencing element may be formed as a mechanical braking device, so that optionally can be dispensed with the filling of the drive device with a damping medium. The mechanical braking device can be mounted on a movable element of the drive device act, for example, directly on the closer shaft or on a rotatably mounted on the closer shaft brake disc or on the piston.

In a further embodiment, the influencing element can be designed as an electrical generator. Again, if necessary, can be dispensed with the filling of the drive device with a damping medium. The generator generates in regenerative braking electrical energy, which is fed to an electrical resistance. The electrical energy can alternatively or additionally be supplied to the electrical energy store of the control device.

It can be provided that the electrical energy store is replaceable or charged via the energy supply network of the building. In the latter case, the supply of electrical energy - if the drive device is mounted on the wing - done for example via the force-transmitting linkage. Alternatively or additionally, solar cells may be arranged on the drive device, on the wing or stationary, which supply the electrical energy store with electrical energy.

The control device of the drive device may also have further electrical inputs and outputs, e.g. for the connection of the drive device to a central control center. Thus, central monitoring of the operating state of the connected drive devices as well as possibly also intervention in the operating modes of the drive devices are possible.

In the range of movement of the wing, a safety sensor device may be arranged, whose output signal is processed in the control device and at a befindlichem in the range of movement of the wing obstacle strong damping of the wing movement, possibly to a standstill, thus bouncing of the wing against the obstacle is avoided. It can be provided that the safety sensor is integrated in the housing of the drive device. This results in the advantage that the evaluation of the signals of the safety sensor in the control device of the drive device takes place and thus can be dispensed with a separate evaluation.

The safety sensor device can in particular secure the minor closing edge of the blade, which forms a crushing and shearing points, i. if a body part or an object gets into the area of the secondary closing edge with the wing closing, the wing movement is stopped.

In addition, sensors for the environmental conditions, such as for temperature, rain or wind, may be provided. The drive device can then be operated adapted to the ambient conditions; e.g. the closing movement can be faster in cold outside temperatures, rain or strong wind than in warmer outside temperatures, dryness or calm, to avoid cooling the interior closed by the wing, drafts or the penetration of moisture into the interior.

The connection of smoke sensors was already mentioned in order to close the wing in case of fire in case of activated locking function. It may be provided that the measuring cell of the smoke sensor is arranged integrated in the housing of the drive device; This results in the advantage that the evaluation of the signals of the measuring cell in the control device of the drive device takes place and thus can be dispensed with a separate evaluation for the measuring cell of the smoke sensor.

In principle, the connection of all suitable external control elements or sensors is possible, which - are arranged at the appropriate location of the wing or in its surroundings - to cancel the detection or to another change of the operating status of the drive device are provided, e.g. Door handle contacts, or authorization switches, e.g. Key switches, keyboards, code readers or biometric sensors.

The memory device may further comprise a time detection device by means of which the operating states of the drive device can be logged. These stored logs may be retrievable for diagnostic purposes.

Another embodiment of the drive device includes a motorized opening assistance. Instead of an electrically controllable valve, a hydraulic pump is arranged in the overflow. The pump is driven by an electric motor, wherein the electric motor is connected to the control device. If, during manual opening of the wing, the effort in a first opening angle section starting from the closed position should be as low as possible, the electric motor is controlled via the control device, which has detected the manual opening of the wing connected to the drive device by means of a signal of the sensor such that the Hydraulic medium from the decreasing when opening the wing housing chamber is promoted in the enlarging when opening the wing housing chamber. This creates in the latter housing chamber an overpressure which acts on the piston in the opening direction; for the manual opening of the wing thus less effort is required. The control of the pump can be done depending on the opening speed and the opening position of the wing. For this purpose, as described above several times, a motion profile can be stored in the memory device of the control device. Based on the comparison of the actual wing movement with the stored motion profile of the electric motor of the pump is driven.

It may additionally be provided that the pump is designed as a reversible, ie operable in two flow directions pump. Then it is possible that the electric motor of the pump shortly before reaching the open position of the wing - again possibly taking into account the speed of movement of the wing - is reversed, ie that the conveying direction of the pump is reversed. This is an opening damping function can be realized.

To realize a hold-open function can be additionally provided that the delivery volume of the pump is controlled at full open position of the wing so that the wing is held against the force of the mechanical energy storage in this position.

During the closing movement of the door leaf, the pump acts in the manner of a turbine, i. the flowing hydraulic medium causes the pump to rotate. The electric motor in this case acts as a regenerative brake, wherein the braking effect is controlled by the control device based on the comparison of the actual wing movement with the stored movement profile. An "end impact" function can be realized by the braking effect is withdrawn or canceled shortly before reaching the closed position of the wing.

If the closing speed of the door leaf drops below a predetermined desired value, the pump can in turn be reversed, so that it then supports the flow of the hydraulic medium occurring during closing and thus the mechanical energy storage in the sense of a reliable closure of the wing.

The following applies to all exemplary embodiments: Due to the fact that the functions of the drive device can be learned or programmed and the influencing element can take on a large number of functions at the same time, the drive device can be used extremely flexibly. For example, the "Endschlag" function can be added if necessary, without having to be made to the mechanical structure of the drive device changes. On a variety of additional components, such as separate locking devices, can be omitted, since the influencing element takes over this function. In the drive housing itself can be dispensed with a variety of hydraulic channels, since, for example, the functions of conventional valves and hydraulic channels for opening damping, closing damping and end impact are combined in the influencing element.

When two drive devices are arranged on a two-leaf door with underfloor wing and sweeping active leaf, it is possible to that the two drive devices communicate with each other via the electrical inputs and outputs or interfaces in the sense of a closing sequence control, so that the active leaf is blocked in an at least partially or fully opened position until the inactive leaf has reached its closed position. When commissioning a drive device associated with the active leaf and the other drive device to the inactive leaf by appropriate programming. The minimum partially open position of the active leaf is stored in the movement profile already described above. It can be provided that the control device of one drive device, for example the passive leaf drive device, assumes a "master" function and the control device of the other drive device is subordinated as a "slave" control device. The communication of the control devices of the drive devices can be wired or wireless, the latter possibility significantly reduces the wiring costs.

Figur 1

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit hydraulischer Dämpfung in Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 2

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit mechanischer Bremse (Dämpfung) in Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 3

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit generatorischer Bremse (Dämpfung) in Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 4

die Öffnungswinkelteilbereiche eines an die Antriebsvorrichtung angeschlossenen Flügels in Draufsicht;

Figur 5

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit zusätzlicher Gehäusekammerdruckerfassung in Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 6

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit motorischer Schließkraftverstellung in Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 7

eine Antriebsvorrichtung mit elektrohydraulischer Pumpe in Schnittdarstellung.

Embodiments will be explained in more detail in the drawing with reference to FIGS. Showing:

FIG. 1

a drive device with hydraulic damping in a sectional view;

FIG. 2

a drive device with mechanical brake (damping) in a sectional view;

FIG. 3

a drive device with a regenerative brake (damping) in a sectional view;

FIG. 4

the opening angle portions of a wing connected to the drive device in plan view;

FIG. 5

a drive device with additional housing chamber pressure detection in a sectional view;

FIG. 6

a drive device with motorized closing force adjustment in a sectional view;

FIG. 7

a drive device with electro-hydraulic pump in a sectional view.

FIG. 1 shows a trained as a door closer drive device 1. The drive device 1 has a housing 2; this is arranged on a rotatably mounted wing or on a stationary door frame. Alternatively, an integrated in the frame assembly of the housing 2 is conceivable. The linearly displaceable in the housing 2 piston 3 is formed as a hollow piston and provided in its interior with a toothing 4, which cooperates with a pinion 6 of a rotatably mounted in the housing 2, designed as a closer shaft output member 5. On one end of the output member 5, a non-illustrated force-transmitting linkage is arranged rotationally fixed; this can be designed as a sliding arm or as a scissor arm and connects the drive device 1 - depending on the type of mounting - with the stationary door frame or with the wing. The piston 3 divides the interior of the housing 2 in two housing chambers 9, 11. In the right housing chamber 11 coaxially with one another two closing springs formed as mechanical energy storage 7, 8 are arranged, which with its right in the drawing end on a wall of the housing. 2 and support with its left end on the right end face of the piston 3. The mechanical energy storage 7, 8 act on the piston 3 thus to the left; a movement of the piston 3 to the right leads to a compression of the mechanical energy storage 7, 8. This corresponds to a rotation of the output member 5 in the clockwise direction, which occurs in a manual opening of the connected wing. The energy stored by the compression of the mechanical energy stores 7, 8 is available for the automatic closing of the wing after it has been released. The piston 3 is then pushed to the left with relaxation of the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 on rotation of the output member 5 in the counterclockwise direction.

In order to allow a damped closing movement of the wing, the interior of the housing 2 is filled with a damping medium, for example with hydraulic oil. Since the piston 3 moves to the left during the closing movement, it displaces damping medium from the left-hand housing chamber 9 through the longitudinal wall of the housing 2 arranged overflow channel 12 in the right housing chamber 11th

In the overflow channel 12 is an electrically controllable valve 20 (shown schematically). This is e.g. designed as a solenoid valve; Alternatively, the valve body can also be actuated with a rotating electric motor or with piezoactuators or the like. An electrical control of the valve 20 causes - regardless of the specific embodiment - a change in its flow cross-section. The possible by the electrical control of the valve 20 modes of the drive device 1 will be described in detail elsewhere.

Rotationally fixed to the output member 5, a sensor 22 is arranged. This sensor 22, which may be designed as a multi-pole incremental encoder, converts the rotational movement of the output member 5 into electrical signals. The signals of the sensor 22 are supplied via an electrical line 23 to an electronic control device 24 arranged in the housing 2; This receives the electrical energy required for their operation via an electrical line 26 from a likewise arranged in the housing 2 electrical energy storage 25, which may be formed as a battery. Via a further electrical line 21 extending in the housing 2, an output of the control device 24 is connected to the actuator of the valve 20.

The Figures 2 and 3 show deviating embodiments of a drive device 1. The basic structure of the drive device 1 with housing 2, piston 3 with toothing 4, output member 5 with pinion 6 and mechanical energy storage 7, 8 corresponds to the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment. The assembly methods described there and the described there movements of output member 5 and piston 3 also apply to the embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3 , The arrangement of the sensor 22 of a shaft and the supply of the signals of the sensor 22 via an electrical line 23 to an arranged in the housing 2, powered by an energy storage 25 electronic control device 24 correspond to the preceding embodiment.

Instead of the valve arranged in the hydraulic circuit, the drive device 1 according to FIG. 2 a mechanical braking device 27. On a filling of the housing 2 with a damping medium can thus possibly even be dispensed with in this embodiment, unless the medium is required for lubrication of the moving parts. The electrically controllable braking device 27 is connected via an electrical line 28 to an output of the control device 24 and acts directly on the output member 5 or on a non-rotatably connected thereto brake element, for example on a brake disc.

In the FIG. 3 shown drive device 1 has a generator 29 containing influencing device. The generator 29 is connected by means of a translating gear 31 to the output member 5, so that a slow rotation of the output member 5 causes a rapid rotation of the generator 29. The generator 29 is also connected via an electrical line 30 to the controller 24. The rotational movement of the output member 5 detected sensor 22 is arranged in this embodiment of the high-speed shaft of the generator 29. The braking effect of the generator 29 is achieved in that the control device 24 switches the generator 29 to a variable electrical resistance contained in the control device. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical energy generated in the regenerative braking can be supplied to the electrical energy storage 25.

FIG. 4 shows a via a hinge 33 on a door frame 34 rotatably mounted wings 32. The total opening angle A of the wing 32, which is equipped with a drive device not shown here according to the preceding embodiments, is limited on the one hand by the closed position of the wing 32 and on the other hand by a wall 35. Below is an example for a complete opening and closing cycle of the drive device described:

During its complete opening movement, the wing 32 passes through the opening angle sections B, C, D, E and F in the counterclockwise direction. In the first opening angle partial regions B to E, the vane 32 is moved only against the force of the mechanical energy accumulator without effective damping, and upon reaching the last opening angle portion F, the influencing device is effectively switched to prevent the vane 32 from striking against the wall 35 or against the wall To prevent bump stop. It can be provided in the entire opening angle portion F a constant damping, or the attenuation can increase continuously when passing through the opening angle portion F. In particular, the actual opening speed can be slowed down by comparison with a stored desired opening speed by continuously controlling the damping to this setpoint.

During the closing movement, the wing 32 passes through the opening angle sections F, E, D, C and B in a clockwise direction. In the first three opening angle partial areas F to D, the damping of the closing movement is relatively low, so that a rapid closing movement of the wing 32 in these first opening angle partial areas F to D is achieved. If the wing 32 reaches the penultimate opening angle portion C, then a higher damping is used to decelerate the wing 32 from the high closing speed to a lower closing speed. The damping can in turn be constant over the entire opening angle portion C or continuously increase - with or without control by target-actual comparison of the closing speed. If the wing 32 reaches the last opening angle portion B, the damping is withdrawn again in order to overcome the resistance of the latch and thus to realize the so-called final impact. Again, both a constant and a continuously decreasing damping - with or without control by target-actual comparison of the closing speed - conceivable.

If the door does not have a latch, the closing movement may vary: Here, in the first four opening angle sections F to C, the damping of the closing movement is relatively low, so that a rapid closing movement of the wing 32 in these first opening angle sections F to C is achieved. If the wing 32 reaches the last opening angle portion B, then a higher damping is used to decelerate the wing 32 from the high closing speed to a lower closing speed. The damping can in turn be constant in the entire opening angle portion B or continuously increase - with or without control by target-actual comparison of the closing speed. Deviating from the exemplary embodiment with lock latch, the deceleration from the high closing speed to a lower closing speed sets in here later, so that the wing 32 can thus pass through a further opening angle range with a high closing speed and thus the fastest possible closure of the wing 32 is realized.

The end impact may be switched on or off, depending on the type of door on which the drive device is used.

Another special operating behavior of the drive device may be required, for example, when the last opening angle portion F in the opening direction is blocked by a parked object. The influencing device must now be effective already in the penultimate opening angle portion E in order to prevent impact of the wing 32 on the object.

Deviating from the in FIG. 4 As an alternative, fewer or even more fixed opening angle partial areas may be provided, as shown in FIG. If the total opening angle A is divided into a plurality of opening angle partial areas, an approximately continuous movement speed profile results for both the opening and closing movement. This nearly continuous movement speed profile allows extremely sensitive control due to the large number of target / actual comparisons the movement speed, whereby in case of deviations from the setpoint immediately an adjustment of the damping takes place.

The necessary operating parameters, such as the total opening angle, the opening angle subareas-optionally, in each case with the desired movement speeds assigned to the individual opening angle subareas-and, if appropriate, a continuous movement speed profile are stored in the memory device of the control device. The movement of the wing causes an output signal of the control which corresponds to the movement, which contains the position of the wing as well as its movement direction and speed. The sensor signal (actual value) connected to an input of the control device is compared in the computer device of the control device with the stored operating parameters (desired value). The influencing device is controlled in such a way that any deviations between the actual value and the nominal value are compensated.

In the FIG. 5 shown drive device 1 has over the drive device according to embodiment according to FIG. 1 additional pressure sensors 40, 42. A pressure sensor 40 is arranged in the housing chamber 9, in which upon closing of the wing by the displacement of the piston 3, an overpressure is formed. The other pressure sensor 42 detects the pressure in the housing chamber 11, in which the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 are arranged; This creates an overpressure when opening the sash with active opening damping. The pressure sensors 40, 42 are connected to the control device 24 by means of electrical lines 41, 43.

In addition to the above-described detection of the movement of the output member 5 by means of the sensor 22, the pressures in the housing chambers 9, 11 are thus detected in this embodiment. This can be used to hedge the drive mechanism against impermissibly high pressures, as can be done for example when quickly manual overpressing the closing door or too fast opening with effective opening loss. In this case, the closing damping can then be temporarily withdrawn be so that the pressure in the housing chambers 9, 11 does not exceed a predetermined limit. A further application of the pressure sensors 40, 42 is that when activated locking function of the drive device 1, a manual pressing of the wing in the closing direction suspends the determination by the manual wing operation caused exceeding an adjustable pressure limit in the housing chamber 9 as a triggering signal for canceling the locking function is evaluated. Particularly in connection with the detection of the driven member movement, extremely sensitive and rapid reactions of the drive device 1 to deviations of its operating status relative to the stored movement profile are made possible.

FIG. 6 shows a drive device 1 with motorized closing force adjustment. The drive device 1 is constructed in principle as in FIG. 1 illustrated drive device; Deviating from this, however, the end of the mechanical energy store 7, 8 facing away from the piston 3 is not supported on the housing 2, but on a spring plate 38 which is linearly displaceable in the housing 2 parallel to its longitudinal axis. The spring plate 38 has a threaded bore into which engages a rotationally fixed to the output shaft of an electric motor 36 connected threaded spindle 37. When current is supplied to the electric motor 36 via the electrical line 39, via which the electric motor 36 is connected to the control device 24, the threaded spindle 37 rotates and causes a displacement of the spring plate 38 in the housing 2. Not shown is a device for detecting the position of the spring plate ; This can for example be designed as a rotary encoder on the output shaft of the electric motor 36 or as a linear, the position of the spring plate directly detecting displacement sensor. The detected position of the spring plate is evaluated by the control device. Upon movement of the spring plate 38 to the piston 3 towards the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 are compressed, thereby increasing the piston 3 acting force. A directed away from the piston 3 movement of the spring plate 38 relaxes the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 and reduces their force acting on the piston 3 force.

If the manual opening of the wing of the force in a first opening angle portion starting from the closed position as low as possible be, is the spring plate 38 in the farthest position from the piston 3, and the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 are thus relatively relaxed, so that the manual effort to open the wing is relatively low. In the further course of the opening, it is tolerable or even desired that the force of the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 increases, possibly even in the sense of an opening damping shortly before reaching the full open position increases sharply. When opening the wing, the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 then - in addition to the forced compression by the movement of the piston 3 - if necessary, additionally compressed by the spring plate 38. However, this additional compression can take place only when the wing is already fully open, so that enough spring force is available for the subsequent closing process, or it can be provided that the additional compression only when brought about by the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 closing the Wing takes place, especially if the closing speed falls below the setpoint stored in the movement profile. It is therefore essential also in this embodiment that the drive device - based on the comparison of the actual movement with the stored movement profile - flexibly and quickly responds to deviations thereof in order to ensure a safe closing of the wing.

FIG. 7 shows a drive device 1 with motor opening assistance. The drive device 1 is constructed in principle as in FIG. 1 illustrated drive device; Deviating from this, instead of the electrically controllable valve in the overflow channel 12, a hydraulic pump 44 is arranged. The pump 44 is driven via a coupling 46 by an electric motor 45, wherein the electric motor 45 is connected via an electrical line 47 to the control device 24.

If, during manual opening of the wing, the force requirement in a first opening angle section starting from the closed position should be as low as possible, the electric motor 45 is detected via the control device 24 after it has detected the manual opening of the wing connected to the drive device by means of a signal from the sensor 22 driven that Hydraulic medium from the center housing chamber 11 in the drawing in the on the opening of the wing magnifying, in the drawing left housing chamber 9 is promoted. This creates an overpressure in the left housing chamber, which acts on the piston 3 in the opening direction; for the manual opening of the wing thus less effort is required. The control of the pump 44 can be done depending on the opening speed and the opening position of the wing. For this purpose, a motion profile can be stored in the memory device of the control device 24. Based on the comparison of the actual wing movement with the stored motion profile of the electric motor 45 of the pump 44 is driven.

In addition, it may be provided that the pump 44 is reversible, i. in both directions of flow operable pump 44 is formed. Then it is possible that the electric motor 45 of the pump 44 is reversed shortly before reaching the open position of the wing, again possibly taking into account the speed of movement of the wing, i. that the conveying direction of the pump 44 is reversed. This is an opening damping function can be realized.

By the delivery volume of the pump 44 is controlled at full open position of the wing so that the wing is held against the force of the mechanical energy storage 7, 8 in this position, a hold-open function can be realized. Alternatively, in the overflow channel 12, a valve, not shown here, for realizing an open-holding function by blocking the overflow channel 12 may be arranged.

During the closing movement of the door leaf, the pump 44 acts in the manner of a turbine, ie the hydraulic medium flowing through causes the pump 44 to rotate. The electric motor 45 acts as a regenerative brake, wherein the braking effect is controlled by the control device 24 based on the comparison of the actual wing movement with the stored movement profile. An "Endschlag" function is feasible by the braking effect shortly before Reaching the closed position of the wing is withdrawn or canceled.

If the closing speed of the door leaf drops below a predetermined desired value, the pump 44 can in turn be reversed, so that it then supports the flow of the hydraulic medium occurring during closing and thus the mechanical energy storage in the sense of a reliable closure of the wing.

List of reference characters

1

driving device

2

casing

3

piston

4

gearing

5

driven member

6

pinion

7

energy storage

8th

energy storage

9

housing chamber

10

inner space

11

housing chamber

12

overflow

20

Valve

21

electrical line

22

sensor

23

electrical line

24

control device

25

energy storage

26

electrical line

27

braking means

28

electrical line

29

generator

30

electrical line

31

transmission

32

wing

33

joint

34

door frame

35

wall

36

electric motor

37

screw

38

spring plate

39

electrical line

40

pressure sensor

41

electrical line

42

pressure sensor

43

electrical line

44

pump

45

electric motor

46

clutch

47

electrical line

A

Total opening angle

B

Angle portion

C

Angle portion

D

Angle portion

e

Angle portion

F

Angle portion

Claims (14)

1. Drive system (1) for a movable leaf/sash (32), in particular for a door or a window,
   with at least one energy store (7, 8) in the form of a closer spring, through whose energy release the leaf/sash (32) is moved,
   wherein the energy store (7, 8) can be influenced in its energy release by an influencing device, and wherein the influencing device comprises an electrically controllable influencing element (20, 27, 29), and
   wherein the movement of the leaf/sash (32) is detected directly or indirectly by a sensor (22) whose output signal is fed to an input of a control device (24) which controls the influencing element (20, 27, 29), and
   wherein the control device (24) is designed in such a way that the influencing element (20, 27, 29) can be varied in its influence on the energy release of the energy store as a function of the movement of the leaf/sash (32), and
   wherein the drive system (1) comprises closing damping,
   characterized in that
   each opening angle of the leaf/sash (32) can be assigned a settable and adjustable value of the closing damping,
   wherein the drive system (1) comprises a device actuated by external force for adjusting the spring preloading of the at least one energy store (7,8), and wherein the drive system (1) can be connected via an interface to an external device for data display and/or data input.
2. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the control device (24) comprises a computer device and a memory device and also an electric energy store (25), wherein the memory device is designed in such a way that the operating parameters of the drive system (1) can be stored therein, and wherein the computer device is designed in such a way that comparisons between the stored operating parameters of the drive system (1) and the measured signals of the sensor (22) can be carried out therein.
3. Drive system according to Claim 2,
   characterized in that the control device (24) is designed in such a way that, in the occurrence of deviations of the actual operating states of the drive system (1) from the stored operating parameters, an automatic response in terms of a regulation takes place, in particular through corresponding activation of the influencing device.
4. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the drive system (1) has an end stop function, wherein the closing damping is reduced or cancelled shortly before reaching the closed position of the leaf/sash (32), and wherein the opening angle of the leaf/sash (32) at which the end stop function comes into play is settable and adjustable.
5. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the drive system (1) comprises a settable opening damping.
6. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the drive system (1) has a hold-open function, wherein the hold-open angle of the leaf/sash (32) is settable and adjustable.
7. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the sensor (22) is designed as a rotary transducer.
8. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the sensor (22) is designed as a linear displacement transducer.
9. Drive system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that the sensor is designed as a pressure sensor (40, 42).
10. Drive system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the sensor is designed as a sensor for the flow rate of the hydraulic medium.
11. Drive system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the influencing element is designed as an electrically controllable valve (20).
12. Drive system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the influencing element is designed as a mechanical braking device (27).
13. Drive system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the influencing element is designed as an electric generator (29).
14. Drive system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the control device (24) has electrical inputs and outputs for the connection of external electrical elements.

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