EP1236670A1 - Safety limit switch for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Lift (10) for transporting loads and/or people comprises a lift cage (16) moving in a lift shaft (12) and coupled to a drive, at least one buffer (25) for a counterweight, and an emergency stop switch (34) for switching off the drive. The emergency stop switch is operated by the buffer or a buffer impact surface (28). Preferred Features: The buffer is arranged on the upper and/or lower end of the lift shaft or on the lift cage and/or on the counterweight. The buffer impact surface is arranged on the lift cage and/or on the counterweight or on the upper and/or lower end of the lift shaft.

Description

The invention relates to an elevator for transporting Loads and / or persons with the characteristics of the generic term of claim 1.

For safety reasons, the use of lifts of buffers, usually at the bottom and if applicable, at the upper end of the elevator car and one that may be used Counterweight are arranged. Before the car or the counterweight strikes the buffer by means of an emergency limit switch the drive of the elevator is switched off. This is usually the power supply an electric drive motor interrupted.

The emergency limit switch is usually on the side of one Guide rail of the car held and includes one Gearshift lever with one mounted on the car Switching curve interacts. The car falls below a specified minimum distance to the allocated buffer, so the further movement of the car Shift lever pivoted by means of the shift curve in such a way that the emergency limit switch supplies the power to the drive motor off. Such a construction has the disadvantage that the shift lever and the associated Switching curve are aligned exactly to each other need to ensure that the emergency limit switch is reliable is operated. The orientation of the pivot lever The switching curve must be at regular intervals be checked. Another disadvantage arises from that the switching curve to reach a switching point by pivoting the shift lever relatively large minimum travel path of the car required. As a result, the elevator shaft is below or if necessary above the respective final stop of the car a not inconsiderable route must provide so that the shaft pit or Shaft head of the elevator shaft an additional depth must have.

The object of the present invention is an elevator of the type mentioned in such a way that the assembly of the emergency limit switch simplified and the Depth of the pit and the shaft head reduced can be.

This task is accomplished by an elevator with the features of claim 1 solved.

The idea that the Positioning and adjustment of the emergency limit switch considerably can be simplified by moving from the buffer or a buffer contact area assigned to the buffer can be actuated. It is only necessary to use the buffer in the direction of movement of the car and if necessary the counterweight to the assigned buffer contact area align, so that on the one hand the Reliable travel path of the car or the counterweight limited and on the other hand the emergency limit switch when approaching of the car or the counterweight to the assigned buffer can be operated safely. positioning error when aligning the emergency limit switch are avoided. It also allows the invention Construction, the depth of the pit and the To reduce the shaft head because the use of a laterally arranged pivot lever and an associated Switching curve required large switching distances considerably can be reduced.

The buffer can be at the top and / or bottom of the Elevator shaft and the associated buffer area can be arranged on the car and / or on the counterweight his. However, it can also be an inverted arrangement be provided such that the buffer on the car and / or on the counterweight and the buffer contact area arranged at the upper and / or lower end of the elevator shaft is.

The emergency limit switch can be made contactless through the buffer or the buffer impact area assigned to the buffer operated, for example in the form of a proximity switch, especially a magnetic field sensor, which is less than a minimum distance between Car or counterweight on the one hand and buffer on the other detected and then an electrical control signal provides.

For one with a particularly short switching travel An embodiment of the elevator according to the invention is provided that the emergency limit switch is mechanical, for example can be actuated by pressurization. You can do this in particular pressure-sensitive switching elements for Use, with the help of mechanical contact between buffer and assigned buffer contact area can be detected.

In an inexpensive embodiment it is provided that the emergency limit switch is held on the buffer and can be actuated by the buffer contact surface. It is advantageous if the emergency limit switch cannot be moved is fixed to the buffer and by the Buffer allocated, on the car and / or on the counterweight arranged buffer contact surface is actuated. It is favorable if the emergency limit switch can already be actuated is before the buffer strikes the buffer contacted. The emergency limit switch can be next to the buffer or with a correspondingly high buffer version also in be arranged in the buffer.

In a preferred embodiment, that the emergency limit switch is assigned to the buffer contact area for example on the car and / or on the counterweight held and actuated by the buffer. Here it is convenient if the buffer has a button trains through which an actuator of Emergency limit switch can be actuated.

It is advantageous if the buffer contact area is on a stop is arranged on the car and / or is positioned on the counterweight or in the elevator shaft. The emergency limit switch can advantageously on or in the stop can be arranged.

To simplify the assembly of the emergency limit switch, is it is advantageous if the buffer assigned to the car Stop is held, the buffer contact area trains, and if at the stop the emergency limit switch is arranged. The assembly of the emergency limit switch can thus together with the assembly of the stop respectively.

To ensure that the elevator drive can be switched off is as soon as the car or the counterweight a minimum distance to the buffer, it is advantageous if the emergency limit switch is over the buffer contact area in the direction of the buffer protruding actuator, for example a Has switching plunger.

The stop is preferably plate-shaped, the emergency limit switch facing away from the buffer Rear of the stop is arranged and that Actuator a through opening of the stop reaches through and protrudes towards the buffer.

Figur 1:

eine schematische Darstellung eines unteren Endbereichs einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Aufzugs, wobei ein Schaltstößel eines Notendschalters einen Puffer berührt;

Figur 2:

den unteren Endbereich des Aufzugs gemäß Figur 1, wobei der Notendschalter seinen Schaltpunkt erreicht hat;

Figur 3:

den unteren Endbereich des Aufzugs gemäß Figur 1 beim Auftreffen des Fahrkorbs auf den Puffer;

Figur 4:

den unteren Endbereich des Aufzugs gemäß Figur 1 beim Zusammendrücken des Puffers;

Figur 5:

eine ausschnittsweise schematische Darstellung eines unteren Endbereichs einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Aufzugs und

Figur 6:

eine ausschnittsweise schematische Darstellung eines unteren Endbereichs einer dritten Ausführungsform eines Aufzugs.

The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing for a more detailed explanation. Show it:

Figure 1:

is a schematic representation of a lower end portion of a first embodiment of an elevator, wherein a switching plunger of an emergency limit switch touches a buffer;

Figure 2:

the lower end region of the elevator according to Figure 1, wherein the emergency limit switch has reached its switching point;

Figure 3:

the lower end region of the elevator according to Figure 1 when the car hits the buffer;

Figure 4:

the lower end region of the elevator according to Figure 1 when compressing the buffer;

Figure 5:

a partial schematic representation of a lower end portion of a second embodiment of an elevator and

Figure 6:

a fragmentary schematic representation of a lower end region of a third embodiment of an elevator.

In Figures 1 to 4 is a schematic representation an elevator with the reference number 10 as a whole shown with two running along an elevator shaft 12 Guide rails 14, 15 on which a car 16 by means of guide elements 22, 23 and one known and therefore not shown in the drawing Drive, for example an electric drive, is kept movable. In Figures 1 to 4 is only the lower end of the elevator shaft 12 shown, the shaft pit 18 in this area designed with a horizontally running shaft floor 19 and vertically aligned shaft walls 20.

Below the car 16 is on the shaft floor 19 deformable, energy-storing or energy-consuming Buffer 25 at the lower end of the travel path of the car 16 arranged.

The buffer 25 has a stop on the car 16 in the form assigned a stop plate 26 which on its Buffer 25 facing the front of a buffer contact area 28 trains. If the car 16 has a in the drawing, not shown final stop move towards the shaft floor 19, see above hits the buffer contact surface 28 on the car 16 facing end face 30 of the buffer 25, the deformed with further movement of the car 16 and the Movement of the car 16 stops.

To ensure that the coupled to the car 16 Drive of the elevator 10 is switched off before the car 16 hits the buffer 25 is on the rear side 32 of the stop plate facing away from the buffer 28 26 an emergency limit switch 34 arranged with whose help is the power supply of the electric drive can be interrupted. The emergency limit switch 34 includes an actuator in the form of a spring-loaded Switch plunger 36, the through hole 38 of the stop plate 26 reaches through and over the buffer contact area 28 protrudes towards the buffer 25.

If the car 16 approaches the buffer 25, contact is made the switching plunger 36 when falling below one by the length of the switching plunger 36 predetermined minimum distance between car 16 and buffer 25 one Button-forming end face 30 of the buffer 25 so that the emergency limit switch 34 is actuated and thereby the drive is switched off. On further approach the car 16 to the buffer 25 becomes the switching plunger 36 against its spring load in a housing of Emergency limit switch 34 inserted without this the switching state of the emergency limit switch 34 changes. at further approach of the car 26 to the buffer 25 hits the buffer contact surface 28 of the stop plate 26 on the end face 30 of the buffer 25, so that this is then mechanically deformed, as shown in Figure 4 is shown.

The emergency limit switch 34 is in the in Figures 1 to 4 shown embodiment held on the car 16 and is actuated by the fixed buffer 25. alternative could of course also be provided be the emergency limit switch 34 on the buffer 25, for example to fix laterally. Here, the switching plunger 36 over the end face 30 in the direction of the car 16 survive. When the car 16 approaches the buffer 25 then hits the buffer contact surface 28 Switch plunger so that the emergency limit switch is actuated mechanically becomes.

In Figure 5 is a section of the lower end region a further advantageous embodiment in the form of a Elevator 40 shown, with the exception of the for Coming emergency limit switch is constructed as the elevator 10, so that the same for identical components Reference numerals were used as in Figures 1 to 4. The elevator 40 also includes a car 16, that on its underside facing the shaft floor 19 a stop plate 26 assigned to the buffer 25 wearing. While in the illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 Elevator 10 is a mechanical emergency limit switch 34 is used with a switching plunger 36, the 5 shows an emergency limit switch 42 with an actuator in the form of a pressure sensitive Switching foil 44. The latter covers the Buffer 25 facing buffer contact surface 28 of the stop plate 26 and occurs when the car hits 16 on the buffer 25 with the latter in mechanical interaction, being due to the pressure load occurring the switching film 44 actuated and thereby a power supply of the drive used becomes.

In Figure 6, the lower end region is another alternative Shown in the form of an elevator 50, the same reference numerals for identical components used as in Figure 5. The elevator 50 differs from the elevator explained above 40 only in that the switching film 44 is not on the buffer contact surface 28 of the stop plate 26 is arranged, but between the stop plate 26 and the car 16. The switching film 44 is by the Buffer 25 actuated by the buffer 25 over the stop plate 26 a pressure load on the back arranged switching film 44 is exercised.

Claims (12)

Elevator for transporting loads and / or people with a car that can be moved in an elevator shaft, to which a drive is coupled, and with at least one buffer assigned to the car and / or a counterweight assigned to the car, and with an emergency limit switch for switching off the drive, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34; 42) can be actuated by the buffer (25) or a buffer contact surface (28) assigned to the buffer (25). Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the buffer (25) is arranged at the upper and / or lower end of the elevator shaft (12) or on the car (16) and / or on the counterweight and that the buffer contact surface (28) on the car (16 ) and / or on the counterweight or on the upper and / or lower end of the elevator shaft (12). Elevator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34; 42) can be actuated mechanically. Elevator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (42) can be actuated by pressurization. Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the emergency limit switch is held on the buffer (25) and can be actuated by the buffer contact surface (28). Elevator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34; 42) is assigned to the buffer contact surface (28) and can be actuated by the buffer (25). Elevator according to claim 6, characterized in that the buffer (25) forms a button (30) through which an actuating element (36; 44) of the emergency limit switch (34; 42) can be actuated. Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the buffer contact surface (28) is arranged on a stop (26), the stop (26) being arranged on the car (16) and / or on the counterweight or in the elevator shaft (12). Elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34) has an actuating element (36) which projects beyond the buffer contact surface (28) in the direction of the buffer (25). Elevator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34) comprises a switching plunger (36). Elevator according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that the emergency limit switch (34) is arranged on or in the stop (26). Elevator according to claim 8, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the stop (26) is plate-shaped, the emergency limit switch (34) being arranged on the rear side (32) of the stop (26) facing away from the buffer (25) and the actuating element (36) passes through a through opening (38) of the stop (26) and protrudes in the direction of the buffer (25).

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