EP1213541B1 - Premix burner with catalytic combustion and method of operating - Google Patents
Premix burner with catalytic combustion and method of operating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1213541B1 EP1213541B1 EP01128082A EP01128082A EP1213541B1 EP 1213541 B1 EP1213541 B1 EP 1213541B1 EP 01128082 A EP01128082 A EP 01128082A EP 01128082 A EP01128082 A EP 01128082A EP 1213541 B1 EP1213541 B1 EP 1213541B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- premix burner
- fuel
- air mixture
- combustion chamber
- catalyst unit
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/40—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the use of catalytic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a premixed burner assembly with catalytic combustion for operating a combustor of a gas turbine assembly and a method therefor, comprising a premix burner in which at least one fuel addition unit and supply air openings are provided such that gaseous and / or liquid fuel is miscible with combustion air within the premix burner are and form a fuel-air mixture which exits from the premix burner downstream in the direction of the combustion chamber, which is arranged downstream of the premix burner assembly, and can be brought to ignition within the combustion chamber.
- a generic premix burner arrangement can be found in EP 0 833 105 A2.
- the premix burner described in this document has a central fuel nozzle axially to the swirl generator, followed by downstream of a mixing section, within which the atomized fuel completely mixed with air to form a fuel-air mixture.
- the combustion chamber is provided, within which forms a spatially stable flame zone during operation of the premix burner.
- DE 44 26 351 A discloses a two-stage combustion chamber with a premix burner wherein the combustion of the first stage takes place in a catalytic converter.
- the invention has the object of developing a premix burner arrangement with catalytic combustion for operating a combustion chamber of a gas turbine arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that, on the one hand, measures are taken to considerably reduce the NO x emission values. Furthermore, the measures should lead to a flame stabilization within the combustion chamber, so that the operating ranges of the premix burner arrangement should be increased, in particular with regard to an improved lean extinction limit.
- claim 9 is a method of operating a premixed combustor with catalytic combustion.
- the concept of the invention advantageously further features are the subject of the dependent claims and from the description with reference to the exemplary embodiments.
- a Vormischbrenneran extract according to the preamble of claim 1 is developed such that before the entry of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber is provided with a catalyst unit through which a part of the fuel-air mixture is introduced and passes before this part flows into the combustion chamber together with the remaining portion of the fuel-air mixture.
- the catalyst unit is preferably arranged concentrically at the outlet of the premix burner or the mixing section shortly before entry into the combustion chamber, so that only peripheral Partial flows of the propagating in the direction of the combustion chamber fuel-air mixture flow through the catalyst unit.
- the at least partially catalytically converted material flow After exiting the at least partially catalytically converted fuel-air mixture from the catalyst unit, the at least partially catalytically converted material flow reaches edge regions of the flame front forming within the combustion chamber, whereby the flame itself can be stabilized significantly.
- the effects of flame stabilization due to the peripheral material flows are particularly evident in operating conditions in which lean mixtures are used.
- the catalyst unit in principle, it is possible to arrange the catalyst unit around the mixing tube in a partially or completely circular manner, wherein a circularly extending discharge channel provided in the interior of the mixing tube is provided for the partial separation of peripheral partial flows of the fuel-air mixture spreading inside the premix burner.
- the inner diameter of the mixing tube can remain almost unimpaired.
- Another embodiment provides to provide the catalyst unit in the interior downstream of the outlet of the mixing tube so that peripheral partial flows of the fuel-air mixture forcibly passed through the catalyst material, especially since the catalyst material tapers the flow cross-section within the mixing tube at its exit to the combustion chamber.
- the catalyst unit is designed between the mixing tube and the combustion chamber, for example in the form of a pinhole.
- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a premix burner assembly shown with mixing section, which is composed in a conventional manner from the following components.
- an injection nozzle 2 is provided in the center of a cone-shaped, swirl-producing premix burner, which atomizes liquid fuel preferably axially to the premix burner arrangement.
- a swirl generator 4 connected downstream of the conical premix burner imposes a critical swirl number on the fuel-air mixture through which a stable flame front 7 can form within the combustion chamber 6.
- Downstream of the swirl generator is a mixing tube 5, within which the fuel-air mixture is able to completely mix, before it enters the combustion chamber 6.
- a catalyst unit 8 is provided which completely surrounds the mixing tube region 51 in a circular manner.
- the catalyst unit 8 upstream in the flow direction is provided also within the mixing tube 5 completely circular peripheral branch channel 9, by the peripheral portion of the fuel-air mixture within the mixing tube 5 in the direction of the catalyst unit 8 is derived.
- the main portion of the fuel-air mixture passes unimpeded axially the mixing tube 5 and passes within the combustion chamber 6 for ignition.
- the forcibly discharged peripheral fuel-air mixture streams which pass through the catalyst unit 8, are at least partially thermally and / or chemically catalytically reacted by these and, after exiting the catalyst unit 8 directly into the combustion chamber 6, in which they on the peripheral areas of Flammenfront 7 strike and these are able to stabilize.
- the inner contour of the mixing tube 5 is formed tapering at the inlet regions of the discharge channels 9, so that the diversion of the peripheral fuel-air mixture components takes place forcibly.
- FIG. shows the basic arrangement of a known Vormischbrenneran Aunt with central fuel injection 2, a conically shaped premix burner, a downstream in the flow direction swirl generator 4 and a to complete the mixing of the fuel-air mixture downstream mixing tube 5.
- the combustion chamber 6, which is connected downstream of the mixing tube 5.
- a catalyst unit 8 is provided at the downstream end of the mixing tube 5 such that catalyst material protrudes into the peripheral edge regions in the interior of the mixing tube 5 and reduces the flow cross-section through the mixing tube 5.
- the catalyst unit 8 is formed of a porous material coated with catalyst material, so that peripheral flow portions of the fuel-air mixture propagating inside the premix burner unit are forced to flow through the catalyst unit 8 in which they are at least partially catalytically reacted.
- the catalytic conversion takes place either thermally and / or chemically and, in addition to a decisive reduction of the NO x emission values, contributes to the stabilization of the flame front forming inside the combustion chamber.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vormischbrenneranordnung mit katalytischer Verbrennung zum Betrieb einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanordnung sowie ein hierauf gerichtetes Verfahren, mit einem Vormischbrenner, in dem wenigstens eine Brennstoffzugabeeinheit sowie Zuluftöffnungen derart vorgesehen sind, dass gasförmiger und/oder flüssiger Brennstoff mit Verbrennungszuluft innerhalb des Vormischbrenners mischbar sind und ein Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch bilden, das aus dem Vormischbrenner stromab in Richtung Brennkammer, die der Vormischbrenneranordnung nachgeordnet ist, austritt und innerhalb der Brennkammer zu Zündung bringbar ist.The invention relates to a premixed burner assembly with catalytic combustion for operating a combustor of a gas turbine assembly and a method therefor, comprising a premix burner in which at least one fuel addition unit and supply air openings are provided such that gaseous and / or liquid fuel is miscible with combustion air within the premix burner are and form a fuel-air mixture which exits from the premix burner downstream in the direction of the combustion chamber, which is arranged downstream of the premix burner assembly, and can be brought to ignition within the combustion chamber.
Eine gattungsgemäße Vormischbrenneranordnung ist der EP 0 833 105 A2 zu entnehmen. Der in dieser Druckschrift beschriebene Vormischbrenner weist eine zentrale Brennstoffdüse axialwärts zum Drallerzeuger auf, an dem sich stromab eine Mischstrecke anschließt, innerhalb der sich der zerstäubte Brennstoff vollständig mit Luft zu einem Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch vermengt. Am stromabwärtigen Ausgang des Mischrohrs ist die Brennkammer vorgesehen, innerhalb der sich beim Betrieb des Vormischbrenners eine räumlich stabile Flammenzone ausbildet.A generic premix burner arrangement can be found in EP 0 833 105 A2. The premix burner described in this document has a central fuel nozzle axially to the swirl generator, followed by downstream of a mixing section, within which the atomized fuel completely mixed with air to form a fuel-air mixture. At the downstream exit of the mixing tube, the combustion chamber is provided, within which forms a spatially stable flame zone during operation of the premix burner.
DE 44 26 351 A offenbart eine zweistufige Brennkammer mit einem Vormischbrenner wobei die Verbrennung der ersten Stufe in einem Katalysator erfolgt.DE 44 26 351 A discloses a two-stage combustion chamber with a premix burner wherein the combustion of the first stage takes place in a catalytic converter.
Gleichwohl die bekannte Vormischbrenneranordnung nach Gesichtspunkten verbesserter Emissionswerte, d.h. insbesondere reduzierter NOx-Emissionswerte, durch Vorsehen einer Mischstrecke konzipiert worden ist, gilt es insbesondere die Abgaswerte gattungsgemäßer Verbrennungssysteme weiter zu verbessern. Auch treten überdies beim Betrieb bekannter Vormischbrenneranordnungen sogenannteAlthough the known premix burner arrangement has been designed according to aspects of improved emission values, ie in particular reduced NO x emission values, by providing a mixing section, in particular the exhaust gas values of generic combustion systems must be further improved. Also occur in the operation of known Vormischbrenneranordnungen so-called
Brennkammerschwingungen auf, wodurch die Flammenstabilität stark in Mitleidenschaft gezogen wird. Derartige Brennkammerschwingungen bzw. - pulsationen wirken sich besonders nachteilhaft in Betriebszuständen aus, bei denen mit mageren Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischen gearbeitet wird. Hohe magere Löschgrenzen, d.h. ein Erlöschen der Flamme trotz verhältnismäßig hohem Brennstoffanteil, sind die Folge, wodurch der Betriebsbereich der Vormischbrenner insbesondere bezüglich magerer Betriebsweise stark begrenzt wird.
Bisherige Ansätze und Versuche, Vormischbrenneranordnungen mit Katalysatoren zu kombinieren, um zumindest die vorstehend erwähnten NOx-Emissionen beim Verbrennungsvorgang zu reduzieren, schlugen fehl bzw. lieferten nur unbefriedigende Resultate, zumal die übliche Verwendung flüssigen Brennstoffes, bspw. Öl, zum Befeuern derartiger Vormischbrenneranordnungen an sich bekannte Katalysatoren durch Zusetzen der Katalysatoröffnungen unbrauchbar macht.Combustion vibrations, whereby the flame stability is badly affected. Such combustion chamber vibrations or pulsations have a particularly disadvantageous effect in operating states in which lean fuel-air mixtures are used. High lean extinguishing limits, ie extinction of the flame despite relatively high fuel content, are the result, whereby the operating range of the premix burners is greatly limited, especially in lean operation.
Previous approaches and attempts to combine premix burner arrangements with catalysts to reduce at least the above-mentioned NO x emissions during the combustion process failed or provided only unsatisfactory results, especially the usual use of liquid fuel, for example oil, for firing such premix burner arrangements makes known catalysts unusable by adding the catalyst openings.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vormischbrenneranordnung mit katalytischer Verbrennung zum Betrieb einer Brennkammer einer Gasturbinenanordnung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weiterzubilden, dass einerseits Maßnahmen getroffen werden, durch die die NOx-Emissionswerte erheblich reduziert werden sollen. Ferner sollen die Maßnahmen zu einer Flammenstabilisierung innerhalb der Brennkammer führen, so dass die Betriebsbereiche der Vormischbrenneranordnung insbesondere hinsichtlich einer verbesserten mageren Löschgrenze vergrößert werden sollen.The invention has the object of developing a premix burner arrangement with catalytic combustion for operating a combustion chamber of a gas turbine arrangement according to the preamble of
Die Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe ist im Anspruch 1 angegeben. Gegenstand des Anspruchs 9 ist ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Vormischbrenneranordnung mit katalytischer Verbrennung. Den Erfindungsgedanken vorteilhaft weiterbildende Merkmale sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sowie aus der Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Ausführungsbeispiele zu entnehmen.The solution of the problem underlying the invention is specified in
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Vormischbrenneranordnung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weitergebildet, dass vor Eintritt des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in die Brennkammer eine Katalysatoreinheit vorgesehen ist, durch die ein Teil des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches eingeleitet wird und hindurchtritt, bevor dieser Teil zusammen mit dem übrigen Anteil des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in die Brennkammer einströmt.According to the invention a Vormischbrenneranordnung according to the preamble of
Ein wesentlicher Gesichtspunkt bei der Verwendung einer Katalysatoreinheit innerhalb eines an sich bekannten Vormischbrenners, der üblicherweise mit Flüssigbrennstoff, wie beispielsweise Öl, betrieben wird, ist das Anbringen der Katalysatoreinheit in einem Bereich stromab der Zerstäubungsdüse des Vormischbrenners, in dem das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch vollständig durchmischt ist und der Flüssigbrennstoff räumlich feinst verteilt bzw. bereits weitgehend verdampft ist. Gelangt Brennstoff in der vorstehend bezeichneten Form in einen Katalysator, so ist es möglich, den Brennstoff innerhalb des Katalysators katalytisch wenigstens teilweise umzusetzen, beispielsweise durch thermische und/oder chemische Umsetzung ohne dabei das Katalysatormaterial selbst zu zerstören oder zuzusetzen.An important consideration in using a catalyst unit within a prior art premix burner, which is commonly operated with liquid fuel such as oil, is to mount the catalyst unit in an area downstream of the atomizing nozzle of the premix burner in which the fuel-air mixture is complete is mixed and the liquid fuel spatially finely distributed or already largely evaporated. If fuel in the above-mentioned form in a catalyst, it is possible to catalytically at least partially implement the fuel within the catalyst, for example by thermal and / or chemical reaction without destroying or adding the catalyst itself.
Erfindungsgemäß tritt nur ein Teil des sich durch den Vormischbrenner in Richtung Brennkammer ausbreitenden Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches durch die Katalysatoreinheit hindurch, zumal die Katalysatoreinheit vorzugsweise konzentrisch am Ausgang des Vormischbrenners bzw. der Mischstrecke kurz vor Eintritt in die Brennkammer angeordnet ist, so dass nur periphere Teilströme des sich in Richtung der Brennkammer ausbreitenden Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches durch die Katalysatoreinheit hindurchströmen. Nach Austritt des zumindest teilweise katalytisch umgesetzten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches aus der Katalysatoreinheit gelangt der wenigstens partiell katalytisch umgesetzter Stoffstrom in Randbereiche, der sich innerhalb der Brennkammer ausbildenden Flammenfront, wodurch die Flamme selbst deutlich stabilisiert werden kann. Die Auswirkungen der durch die peripheren Stoffströme bedingte Flammenstabilisierung werden besonders in Betriebszuständen deutlich, in denen mit mageren Gemischen gearbeitet wird. Ein besonders wichtiges Indiz zur positiven Auswirkung der peripher in die Brennkammer eintretenden Stoffströme macht sich in der Absenkung der mageren Löschgrenze bemerkbar, wodurch die Betriebsbereiche des Vormischbrenners erheblich vergrößert werden können. Auch bilden sich Brennkammerpulsationen in einem weit geringeren Ausmaß aus.According to the invention, only part of the fuel-air mixture propagating through the premix burner passes through the catalyst unit, especially since the catalyst unit is preferably arranged concentrically at the outlet of the premix burner or the mixing section shortly before entry into the combustion chamber, so that only peripheral Partial flows of the propagating in the direction of the combustion chamber fuel-air mixture flow through the catalyst unit. After exiting the at least partially catalytically converted fuel-air mixture from the catalyst unit, the at least partially catalytically converted material flow reaches edge regions of the flame front forming within the combustion chamber, whereby the flame itself can be stabilized significantly. The effects of flame stabilization due to the peripheral material flows are particularly evident in operating conditions in which lean mixtures are used. A particularly important indication of the positive effect of the material flows entering peripherally into the combustion chamber becomes apparent in the lowering of the lean extinction limit, as a result of which Operating ranges of the premix burner can be significantly increased. Also, combustion chamber pulsations are formed to a much lesser extent.
Durch die periphere Anordnung der Katalysatoreinheit in Bezug auf das sich axial innerhalb des Vormischbrenners ausbreitende Brennstoff-Luft-Gemische ist ein uneingeschränkter Betrieb mit Flüssigbrennstoff, wie beispielsweise Öl, möglich, trotz Gegenwart der der Brennkammer vorgeschalteten Katalysatoreinheit. Da die Brennstoffeindüsung mittig zur Vormischbrennerachse erfolgt, die Katalysatoreinheit jedoch möglichst weit von der Brennstoffeinspeisung und lediglich an der äußeren Peripherie des sich ausbreitenden Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches vorgesehen ist, vermag die Katalysatoreinheit unbeschadet eine Ölverbrennung innerhalb des Brennersystems zu überstehen.Owing to the peripheral location of the catalyst unit relative to the fuel-air mixture axially propagating within the premix burner, unrestricted operation with liquid fuel, such as oil, is possible despite the presence of the catalyst unit upstream of the combustor. Since the fuel injection takes place in the middle of the premix burner axis, but the catalyst unit is provided as far as possible from the fuel feed and only at the outer periphery of the propagating fuel-air mixture, the catalyst unit can survive unscathed oil combustion within the burner system.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Katalysatoreinheit um das Mischrohr teilweise oder vollständig zirkular verteilt anzuordnen, wobei ein im Inneren des Mischrohres vorgesehener, zirkular verlaufender Ableitungskanal für die partielle Abtrennung peripherer Teilströme des sich im Inneren des Vormischbrenners ausbreitenden Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches vorgesehen ist. Hierbei kann der Innendurchmesser des Mischrohres nahezu unbeeinträchtigt bleiben. Eine andere Ausführungsform sieht vor, die Katalysatoreinheit im Inneren stromab am Austritt des Mischrohrs derart vorzusehen, so dass periphere Teilströmungen des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches zwangsgeführt durch Katalysatormaterial hindurchtreten, zumal das Katalysatormaterial den Strömungsquerschnitt innerhalb des Mischrohrs an dessen Austritt zur Brennkammer verjüngt.In principle, it is possible to arrange the catalyst unit around the mixing tube in a partially or completely circular manner, wherein a circularly extending discharge channel provided in the interior of the mixing tube is provided for the partial separation of peripheral partial flows of the fuel-air mixture spreading inside the premix burner. Here, the inner diameter of the mixing tube can remain almost unimpaired. Another embodiment provides to provide the catalyst unit in the interior downstream of the outlet of the mixing tube so that peripheral partial flows of the fuel-air mixture forcibly passed through the catalyst material, especially since the catalyst material tapers the flow cross-section within the mixing tube at its exit to the combustion chamber.
Auch sind Konstruktionen denkbar, bei denen die Katalysatoreinheit zwischen dem Mischrohr und der Brennkammer beispielsweise in Art einer Lochblende ausgeführt ist.Also, constructions are conceivable in which the catalyst unit is designed between the mixing tube and the combustion chamber, for example in the form of a pinhole.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung exemplarisch beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- Vormischbrenneranordnung mit außerhalb des Mischrohrs angeordneter Katalysatoreinheit, sowie
- Fig. 2
- Vormischbrenneranordnung mit innerhalb des Mischrohres angeordneter Katalysatoreinheit.
- Fig. 1
- Premix burner arrangement with arranged outside the mixing tube catalyst unit, as well
- Fig. 2
- Premix burner arrangement with catalyst unit arranged inside the mixing tube.
In Fig. 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch eine Vormischbrenneranordnung mit Mischstrecke dargestellt, die in an sich bekannter Weise aus folgenden Komponenten zusammengesetzt ist. Im Zentrum eines kegelförmig ausgebildeten, drallerzeugenden Vormischbrenners ist eine Einspritzdüse 2 vorgesehen, die axial zur Vormischbrenneranordnung vorzugsweise Flüssigbrennstoff zerstäubt. Über längs zu den konisch ausgebildeten Teilschalen 1 des Vormischbrenners vorgesehenen Lufteintrittschlitzen 3 wird im Inneren der Vormischbrenneranordnung ein Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch erzeugt, das sich stromab, d.h. in der Zeichenebene gemäß Fig. 1 von links nach rechts ausbreitet. Ein dem kegelförmigen Vormischbrenner nachgeschalteter Drallerzeuger 4 prägt dem Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch eine kritische Drallzahl auf, durch die sich innerhalb der Brennkammer 6 eine stabile Flammenfront 7 ausbilden kann. Dem Drallerzeuger nachgeordnet ist ein Mischrohr 5, innerhalb dem sich das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch vollständig zu durchmischen vermag, bevor es in die Brennkammer 6 eintritt.In Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a premix burner assembly shown with mixing section, which is composed in a conventional manner from the following components. In the center of a cone-shaped, swirl-producing premix burner, an
Um den stromab gewandten Bereich 51 des Mischrohres 5 ist eine Katalysatoreinheit 8 vorgesehen, die den Mischrohrbereich 51 zirkular vollständig umgibt. Der Katalysatoreinheit 8 in Strömungsrichtung vorgeordnet ist ein ebenfalls innerhalb des Mischrohres 5 vollständig zirkular umlaufender Abzweigungskanal 9 vorgesehen, durch den der periphere Anteil des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches innerhalb des Mischrohres 5 in Richtung der Katalysatoreinheit 8 abgeleitet wird. Der Hauptanteil des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches passiert ungehindert axial das Mischrohr 5 und gelangt innerhalb der Brennkammer 6 zur Zündung. Die zwangsweise abgeführten peripheren Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischströme, die die Katalysatoreinheit 8 durchlaufen, werden durch diese wenigstens teilweise thermisch und/oder chemisch katalytisch umgesetzt und gelangen nach Austritt aus der Katalysatoreinheit 8 unmittelbar in die Brennkammer 6, in der sie auf die peripheren Bereiche der Flammenfront 7 auftreffen und diese zu stabilisieren vermögen.Around the
Vorzugsweise ist die Innenkontur des Mischrohrs 5 an den Eintrittsbereichen der Ableitungskanäle 9 verjüngend ausgebildet, so dass die Abzweigung der peripheren Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischanteile zwangsweise erfolgt.Preferably, the inner contour of the
Eine weitere alternative Ausführungsvariante ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Auch in diesem Fall zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel die Grundanordnung einer an sich bekannten Vormischbrenneranordnung mit zentraler Brennstoffeindüsung 2, einem kegelförmig ausgebildeten Vormischbrenner, einem diesen in Strömungsrichtung nachgeschalteten Drallerzeuger 4 und einem zur Vervollständigung der Durchmischung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches nachgeordneten Mischrohres 5. Nicht im einzelnen dargestellt ist die Brennkammer 6, die dem Mischrohr 5 nachgeschaltet ist.A further alternative embodiment variant is shown in FIG. Also in this case, the embodiment shows the basic arrangement of a known Vormischbrenneranordnung with
Im Unterschied zur vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsform ist eine Katalysatoreinheit 8 am stromab gewandten Ende des Mischrohres 5 derart vorgesehen, so dass Katalysatormaterial in die peripheren Randbereiche in das Innere des Mischrohres 5 hineinragt und den Strömungsquerschnitt durch das Mischrohr 5 reduziert. Die Katalysatoreinheit 8 ist aus einem, mit Katalysatormaterial beschichteten porösen Material ausgebildet, so dass periphere Strömungsanteile des sich im Inneren der Vormischbrennereinheit ausbreitenden Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches zwangsweise durch die Katalysatoreinheit 8 hindurchströmen, in der sie zumindest teilweise katalytisch umgesetzt werden. Die katalytische Umsetzung erfolgt entweder thermisch und/oder chemisch und trägt neben einer entscheidenden Reduzierung der NOx-Emissionswerte zur Stabilisierung der sich innerhalb der Brennkammer ausbildenden Flammenfront bei.In contrast to the embodiment described above, a
- 11
- Kegelförmig ausgebildete Teilschalen des VormischbrennersCone-shaped partial shells of the premix burner
- 22
- Einspritzdüseinjection
- 33
- Luftschlitzelouvers
- 44
- Drallerzeugerswirl generator
- 55
- Mischrohrmixing tube
- 5151
- MischrohrbereichMixing tube area
- 66
- Brennkammercombustion chamber
- 77
- Flammenfrontflame front
- 88th
- Katalysatoreinheitcatalyst unit
- 99
- Abzweigungskanalbranch channel
Claims (13)
- Premix burner arrangement with catalytic combustion for operating a combustion chamber (6) of a gas turbine arrangement, having a premix burner in which at least one fuel feed unit and air inlet openings (3) are provided in such a way that gaseous and/or liquid fuel are mixed with combustion air inside the premix burner and form a fuel/air mixture which issues from the premix burner housing downstream in the direction of the combustion chamber, which is arranged downstream of the premix burner arrangement, and is ignited inside the combustion chamber, characterized in that a catalyst unit (8) is provided upstream of the point at which the fuel/air mixture enters the combustion chamber (6), some of the fuel/air mixture being directed through this catalyst unit (8) and passing through the latter before it flows together with the remaining proportion of the fuel/air mixture into the combustion chamber (6).
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the catalyst unit (8), at the downstream end of the premix burner, is integrated in the latter or is provided directly adjacent to the latter.
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that means are provided which divert some of the air/fuel mixture and feed it to the catalyst unit (8), in that the means have at least one flow passage (9) which is designed to be open upstream and peripherally adjoins the fuel/air mixture spreading inside the premix burner and branches off some of this flow and feeds it to the catalyst unit (8).
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 3, characterized in that the flow passage (9), with its opening on one side, at least partly encloses in a circular manner the fuel/air mixture spreading inside the premix burner.
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a unit narrowing the cross section of flow of the fuel/air mixture is provided downstream adjacent to the premix burner housing, in which unit the flow passage and the catalyst unit (8) are provided.
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the catalyst unit (8) has a geometry which narrows the cross section of flow inside the premix burner housing and which is integrated at the end of the premix burner housing or is provided downstream at the premix burner housing, and in that the fuel/air mixture can flow at least partly through the catalyst unit, and the latter has catalyst material.
- Premix burner arrangement according to Claim 6, characterized in that the catalyst unit (8) is made of porous material, the surface of which is covered with a catalyst layer.
- Premix burner arrangement according to one of Claims 1, 2, 6 or 7, characterized in that the catalyst unit (8) surrounds the fuel/air mixture in a circular manner.
- Method of operating a premix burner arrangement with catalytic combustion, having a premix burner in which at least one fuel feed unit and air inlet openings (3) are provided in such a way that gaseous and/or liquid fuel is mixed with combustion air inside the premix burner and forms a fuel/air mixture which issues from the premix burner downstream in the direction of the combustion chamber (6), which is arranged downstream of the premix burner arrangement, and is ignited inside the combustion chamber, characterized in that some of the fuel/air mixture is at least partly catalytically converted before the fuel/air mixture enters the combustion chamber (6) and subsequently flows together with the remaining, uncatalysed proportion of the fuel/air mixture into the combustion chamber (6).
- Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that some of the fuel/air mixture is branched off in a circular manner around the mixture and is fed to a catalyst unit (8).
- Method according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the catalytic conversion is effected thermally and/or chemically.
- Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the catalytic conversion is effected by means of partial oxidation and at least partly produces the partial oxidation product CO and H2.
- Method according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the catalytic conversion is effected upstream close to a flame front forming inside the combustion chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10061527A DE10061527A1 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2000-12-11 | Premix burner assembly with catalytic combustion and method of operation therefor |
| DE10061527 | 2000-12-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1213541A1 EP1213541A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| EP1213541B1 true EP1213541B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
Family
ID=7666595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01128082A Expired - Lifetime EP1213541B1 (en) | 2000-12-11 | 2001-11-27 | Premix burner with catalytic combustion and method of operating |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6625988B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1213541B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4383011B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10061527A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6928822B2 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2005-08-16 | Lytesyde, Llc | Turbine engine apparatus and method |
| US7617682B2 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2009-11-17 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Catalytic oxidation element for a gas turbine engine |
| US7096671B2 (en) * | 2003-10-14 | 2006-08-29 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Catalytic combustion system and method |
| US7910787B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2011-03-22 | Gas Technologies Llc | Method and system for methanol production |
| US7642293B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2010-01-05 | Gas Technologies Llc | Method and apparatus for producing methanol with hydrocarbon recycling |
| US8293186B2 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2012-10-23 | Gas Technologies Llc | Method and apparatus for producing methanol |
| US7578981B2 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2009-08-25 | Gas Technologies Llc | System for direct-oxygenation of alkane gases |
| US7456327B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2008-11-25 | Gas Technologies, Llc | Method for direct-oxygenation of alkane gases |
| US9180426B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2015-11-10 | Gas Technologies, Llc | Scrubber for methanol production system |
| US8202916B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2012-06-19 | Gas Technologies Llc | Method of and apparatus for producing methanol |
| WO2006058843A1 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-08 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method and device for burning hydrogen in a premix burner |
| CN101243287B (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2013-03-27 | 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 | Premix burner with mixing section |
| GB0509944D0 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2005-06-22 | Boc Group Plc | Gas combustion apparatus |
| US7752850B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2010-07-13 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Controlled pilot oxidizer for a gas turbine combustor |
| US7687669B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2010-03-30 | Gas Technologies Llc | Method for direct-oxygenation of alkane gases |
| US7879296B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2011-02-01 | Gas Technologies Llc | Tandem reactor system having an injectively-mixed backmixing reaction chamber, tubular-reactor, and axially movable interface |
| US8413446B2 (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2013-04-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector arrangement having porous premixing chamber |
| US20120144832A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | General Electric Company | Passive air-fuel mixing prechamber |
| RU2633249C2 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2017-10-11 | Ансалдо Энерджиа Свитзерлэнд Аг | Combustion chamber of gas turbine |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4040252A (en) * | 1976-01-30 | 1977-08-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Catalytic premixing combustor |
| SE7802205L (en) | 1977-03-04 | 1978-09-05 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | IMPROVEMENTS IN AND REGARDING CATALYSIS |
| JP2774557B2 (en) | 1989-03-30 | 1998-07-09 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Combustor for catalytic combustion type gas turbine |
| GB9027331D0 (en) | 1990-12-18 | 1991-02-06 | Ici Plc | Catalytic combustion |
| US5634784A (en) * | 1991-01-09 | 1997-06-03 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Catalytic method |
| US5318436A (en) * | 1991-11-14 | 1994-06-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Low NOx combustion piloted by low NOx pilots |
| AU681271B2 (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1997-08-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Method and apparatus for sequentially staged combustion using a catalyst |
| DE4426351B4 (en) | 1994-07-25 | 2006-04-06 | Alstom | Combustion chamber for a gas turbine |
| JP3196549B2 (en) * | 1995-01-09 | 2001-08-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Power generation system with fuel reformer |
| DE19521356C2 (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1999-04-01 | Siemens Ag | Gas turbine comprising a compressor part, a burner part and a turbine part |
| US5950434A (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1999-09-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner, particularly for a gas turbine, with catalytically induced combustion |
| DE19640198A1 (en) | 1996-09-30 | 1998-04-02 | Abb Research Ltd | Premix burner |
| JPH10339438A (en) | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Lean premixed gas turbine combustor |
| US6415608B1 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2002-07-09 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Piloted rich-catalytic lean-burn hybrid combustor |
-
2000
- 2000-12-11 DE DE10061527A patent/DE10061527A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-11-26 US US09/991,969 patent/US6625988B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-27 DE DE50111725T patent/DE50111725D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-27 EP EP01128082A patent/EP1213541B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-11 JP JP2001377737A patent/JP4383011B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4383011B2 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
| DE10061527A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| JP2002235923A (en) | 2002-08-23 |
| EP1213541A1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
| DE50111725D1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
| US20020106599A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
| US6625988B2 (en) | 2003-09-30 |
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