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EP1213367B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen mit Kühlung vor dem Pressen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen mit Kühlung vor dem Pressen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1213367B1
EP1213367B1 EP01402944A EP01402944A EP1213367B1 EP 1213367 B1 EP1213367 B1 EP 1213367B1 EP 01402944 A EP01402944 A EP 01402944A EP 01402944 A EP01402944 A EP 01402944A EP 1213367 B1 EP1213367 B1 EP 1213367B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing
forging
piece
mould
light alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01402944A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1213367A1 (de
Inventor
Arnault Marchal
Dominique Rezel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Original Assignee
Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Process Conception Ingenierie SA filed Critical Process Conception Ingenierie SA
Publication of EP1213367A1 publication Critical patent/EP1213367A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1213367B1 publication Critical patent/EP1213367B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
    • B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing castings made of a light alloy, especially aluminum alloy.
  • Castings molded in a sand or metal mold have a coarse eutectic structure, porosities or inclusions and mainly gas inclusions, and a coarse surface condition.
  • the document FR-2,614,814 describes a method of this type in which the pressing operation is carried out cold or at low temperature, the matrix impressions having dimensions slightly smaller than those of the workpiece.
  • This additional step makes it possible to obtain castings exhibiting better mechanical performance, especially in terms of elongation and tensile strength.
  • the document EP-816 042 provides cooling and solidification of the piece in the mold, the molded part being then subjected to a heating step to obtain a partial liquefaction of the alloy, especially at a temperature between 500 and 550 ° C.
  • This reheating facilitates the flow of the crystals and thus provides a homogeneous distribution, which also contributes to improving the mechanical properties of the cast part obtained.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a method which is very simplified compared to the methods currently used, this method also making it possible to obtain parts whose mechanical characteristics are optimized.
  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing castings comprising the features set forth in claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore completely different from the processes currently used in which the parts are hot-pressed during molding or forging.
  • the parts are cold-pressed, as in the older techniques illustrated for example in the document FR-2614,814 and, in addition, the demolded part is cooled rapidly and thus undergoes a quench type treatment before pressing.
  • This rapid cooling makes it possible to obtain a piece of homogeneous structure, by dissolving the alloy resulting from the casting process.
  • the process according to the invention uses a particular property of light alloys, inter alia of aluminum, in the quenched state: these have a very good forging or forming ability due to an increase in their ductility.
  • a quenched light alloy casting has a ductile structure and can be cold formed.
  • the predetermination of the dimensions of the final part is easily achievable by means of a simple numerical modeling (calculation in the field of cold forging, according to the elasto-plastic behavior of the material without the need to take into account the thermal effect).
  • the part obtained by this type of forming has a dimensional accuracy and a surface condition, a structure of the material and a reduction of porosities or inclusions very significantly improved compared to a piece obtained by hot forging.
  • the surface condition can be appreciated by means of the roughness.
  • the measurements made on parts obtained by the process according to the invention gave a value of approximately 1.5 ⁇ m.
  • the roughness of a casting is between 8 and 10 ⁇ m while that obtained by a method of the type described in FIG. EP-199,365 or EP-955 113 is about 3 ⁇ m.
  • cold forging has another important advantage over hot forging, since it makes it possible to reduce the mass of metal needed to obtain the finished part.
  • the application of pressure is intended to move the material to close discontinuity areas due to inclusions.
  • burrs which are used in particular for the regulation of these flows during forging, are more important when hot than when cold.
  • Table 1 Process used Process according to the invention Process of the type EP-955 113 Thickness of the burr required for forging 0 to 4 mm 3 to 5 mm Mass of metal needed to obtain the piece / mass of finished piece metal (milling induced by forging) 1 to 1.1 ⁇ 1.4
  • the method according to the invention therefore leads to savings in material when obtaining parts.
  • the part After pressing between the two imprints of the matrix, the part can be kept at room temperature. It is an aging treatment in a natural environment (maturation).
  • the metal alloy then tends to regain equilibrium, a phenomenon which is responsible for the structural hardening by maturation at room temperature.
  • the part is subjected to a treatment of income.
  • Such a treatment of income makes it possible to accelerate the return to equilibrium of the alloy and it generally results in a greater hardening of the alloy.
  • the improvement of these mechanical characteristics is essential for mechanical components such as, for example, the connecting parts of the ground of motor vehicles.
  • the imprints of the matrix may have slightly smaller dimensions than those of the mold, which makes it possible to obtain, during pressing, a core press and a wrought iron.
  • period A the casting of the part is carried out at a temperature T 1 at which the alloy is in liquid form, then the solidification of the part to a lower temperature T 2 .
  • the temperature T 1 is between 740 and 760 ° C.
  • period B the quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature of the part passing from the temperature T 2 to room temperature.
  • the process continues during the period D, by a treatment of income, the part is then heated to a temperature T 3 .
  • This treatment of income makes it possible to optimize the mechanical characteristics by precipitation of alloying elements, in particular in the case of alloys of aluminum.
  • the tempering temperatures are typically between 80 ° C and 200 ° C, depending on the grade for aluminum alloys.
  • the temperature T 3 is preferably between 80 ° C. and 140 ° C.
  • this manufacturing process makes it possible to optimize the quality of the castings obtained, and thanks to its simplicity, it also makes it possible to optimize the cost thereof.
  • the process according to the invention avoids any heat treatment while improving the mechanical characteristics of the parts obtained. Indeed, the method according to the invention does not require reheating of parts and temperature maintenance before forging.
  • the treatment lasts between 1 and 3 hours and is carried out at a temperature between 80 ° C and 200 ° C.
  • the process according to the invention leads to a very strong reduction of the manufacturing cycle (of the order of 10 hours) and of the energy consumption (of the order of 85%) .
  • the method according to the invention also leads to a reduction in the number of heat treatment installations.
  • the implementation of the process according to the invention will require two furnaces and that of a process of the type EP-955 113 will require four ovens.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus einer Leichtmetall-Legierung, das daraus besteht:
    - eine Form mit einer Leichtmetall-Legierung in flüssigem Zustand zu füllen,
    - das Teil nach dem Erstarren aus der Form zu lösen und
    - das Teil bei Raumtemperatur zwischen den zwei Stempeln einer Matrize zu pressen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das aus der Form gelöste Teil bis auf Raumtemperatur abgeschreckt wird, um eine homogene Struktur zu erhalten, und danach in abgeschrecktem Zustand gepresst wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Teil nach dem Pressen in Raumtemperatur gehalten wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Teil nach dem Pressen einer Anlassbehandlung unterzogen wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stempel der Matrize Abmessungen aufweisen, die etwas kleiner sind als die Abmessungen der Form.
EP01402944A 2000-11-17 2001-11-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen mit Kühlung vor dem Pressen Expired - Lifetime EP1213367B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0014856 2000-11-17
FR0014856A FR2816858B1 (fr) 2000-11-17 2000-11-17 Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliages metalliques, avec un refroidissement avant pressage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1213367A1 EP1213367A1 (de) 2002-06-12
EP1213367B1 true EP1213367B1 (de) 2008-05-28

Family

ID=8856590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01402944A Expired - Lifetime EP1213367B1 (de) 2000-11-17 2001-11-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gussteilen aus Leichtmetall-Legierungen mit Kühlung vor dem Pressen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1213367B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE397102T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60134207D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2816858B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2386576B (en) * 2002-03-06 2004-02-25 Adcock Tech Ltd A method of manufacture of a metallic component, apparatus when used in the method and a method of finishing a metallic component
FR2864459B1 (fr) * 2003-12-24 2008-07-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de fabrication de pieces en alliage leger avec un refroidissement avant pressage et sans bavures
EP2164999A1 (de) * 2007-07-09 2010-03-24 Bharat Forge Aluminiumtechnik GMBH & CO. KG Giessen-schmieden von knetlegierungen
DE102009035702A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Fahrwerksbauteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zur Herstellung
DE102009054315A1 (de) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-26 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711000A (en) * 1925-07-02 1929-04-30 Gen Motors Res Corp Method of making wrought-metal articles
DE3373281D1 (en) * 1983-03-14 1987-10-08 Serio Thomas Di Method of producing pieces of aluminium or aluminium alloy
US4775426A (en) * 1986-04-03 1988-10-04 Richards Medical Company Method of manufacturing surgical implants from cast stainless steel and product
FR2614814B3 (fr) * 1987-05-04 1989-06-30 Serio Thomas Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en aluminium, alliages divers et tous alliages en general
EP0816042A1 (de) * 1996-07-03 1998-01-07 GUIDO BAGGIOLI S.N.C. DI BAGGIOLI GIUSEPPE & PELLEGRINI CLEMENTINA Verfahren zum Herstellen von Legierungsgussstücken
FR2778125B1 (fr) * 1998-05-04 2000-07-07 Serio Emile Di Procede pour fabriquer des pieces en alliages coules, et notamment en aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2816858A1 (fr) 2002-05-24
FR2816858B1 (fr) 2003-07-11
DE60134207D1 (de) 2008-07-10
EP1213367A1 (de) 2002-06-12
ATE397102T1 (de) 2008-06-15

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