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EP1209289B1 - Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet - Google Patents

Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1209289B1
EP1209289B1 EP00403285.0A EP00403285A EP1209289B1 EP 1209289 B1 EP1209289 B1 EP 1209289B1 EP 00403285 A EP00403285 A EP 00403285A EP 1209289 B1 EP1209289 B1 EP 1209289B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
protuberances
base
ply
roll
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00403285.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1209289A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Graff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Essity Operations France SAS
Original Assignee
SCA Tissue France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES00403285.0T priority Critical patent/ES2547459T3/en
Application filed by SCA Tissue France SAS filed Critical SCA Tissue France SAS
Priority to EP00403285.0A priority patent/EP1209289B1/en
Priority to US10/181,977 priority patent/US20030021953A1/en
Priority to CA002398309A priority patent/CA2398309A1/en
Priority to PCT/FR2001/003583 priority patent/WO2002042558A2/en
Publication of EP1209289A1 publication Critical patent/EP1209289A1/en
Priority to NO20023221A priority patent/NO332710B1/en
Priority to US11/860,179 priority patent/US20080020180A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1209289B1 publication Critical patent/EP1209289B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/02—Patterned paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30—Multi-ply
    • D21H27/40—Multi-ply at least one of the sheets being non-planar, e.g. crêped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0728—Material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0733—Pattern
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0738—Cross sectional profile of the embossments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0756—Characteristics of the incoming material, e.g. creped, embossed, corrugated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B31F2201/0764—Multi-layered the layers being nested
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations
    • B31F2201/0787—Applying adhesive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
    • Y10T428/24455—Paper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sheet of paper, in particular an absorbent paper sheet of creped cellulose wadding, comprising an embossing pattern.
  • the invention particularly relates to a sheet of paper, consisting in particular of at least one fold of absorbent paper made of creped cellulose wadding, intended for the field of wiping in domestic, household or industrial use, that is to say say likely to be used as paper towels, cloth etc.
  • embossing gives bouffant to the sheet and it induces an improvement in the absorption of liquids, touch and softness. It has been sought to further increase the absorption capacity by creating multilayer sheets obtained by combining at least two layers, also called folds, each consisting of at least one of said embossed sheets.
  • the former is known in the field as "nested" or interlocking. It consists, first, embossing each of the plies separately so as to form surface generally generally frustoconical protrusions or truncated pyramids. Then glue is deposited on the top of the protuberances of one of the folds, and the folds are arranged so that the faces having the protuberances come opposite, the protuberances of one between the protuberances of the other. The folds are finally assembled so that the protuberances having been glued together fit between the protuberances of the other fold.
  • the two plies are linked by glue points between the tops of the protuberances of a fold and unembossed areas between the protuberances of the other fold.
  • a structure is produced whose voids thus formed are suitable for ensuring the sheet an improved absorption.
  • the outer faces have a smooth and soft feel due to the recessed areas formed by the back of the protuberances. This technique is illustrated by the patent US Patent 3,867,225 .
  • the second method of assembly is known in the field under the designation points / tips. It differs from the previous one by the relative disposition of the two folds. These, after they have been embossed separately, are brought one on the other so as to coincide the tops of the protuberances. The folds are linked together by the tops of the protuberances, tips against points. This technique is illustrated by the patent US Patent 3,414,459 .
  • each of these protuberances is generally frustoconical in shape, each truncated cone being formed by a homologous pin belonging to an embossing cylinder.
  • Each pin engraved on the cylinder has an angle at the summit less than or equal to 60 ° giving it a generally pointed shape.
  • the height of the pins is for example between 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm, the choice of this total height being a compromise depending on the density of the pins which is in inverse function of the height of the pins.
  • decorative patterns consisting of series of protuberances which are arranged at least in part along curves, portions of curves or straight lines-or combinations of such portions of curves and / or straight lines.
  • some of said portions are, at least partially, parallel to one another.
  • the protuberances form closed curves comprising circles or possibly concentric portions of circles.
  • a complex sheet comprising the combination of two folds, at least one of the folds comprises a high density background pattern and small dimensions of the protuberances, also called “micro-embossing", and a decorative main pattern constituted by series of protuberances of larger dimensions, and in particular of greater height, also called “macro-embossing”.
  • the macro-protuberances constituting the main decorative pattern have a density of less than 20 protuberances per cm 2 and are combined with the micro-protuberances of the background pattern which have a density greater than 30 per cm 2 and preferably greater than or equal to 40 per cm 2 .
  • products are produced with macro-protuberances, for example of height between 0.5 and 2.5 millimeters, and micro-protuberances of height between 0.1 and 0.3 mm. These heights correspond to those that can be measured on the fold after embossing, and not at the height of the pins of the engraved embossing cylinder.
  • embossing by increasing the overall thickness of the sheet, leads to an improvement in the absorption of the liquids, but also in its flexibility due to the rupture of part of the bonds between the fibers of the cellulose wadding. Embossing thus generally results in a loss of tear strength.
  • the sheet may contain additives which give it increased resistance to tearing, especially in the wet state.
  • embossing is also more marked because it is desired to obtain a greater absorption capacity.
  • EP-A-0379767 discloses an engraved roll for embossing a fold formed of nonwoven and melt bonded synthetic fibers.
  • the cylinder has pins in the form of truncated pyramids with flattened vertices, and whose corners of the pins are rounded to prevent the formation of fiber clusters cut on the surface of the cylinder.
  • corner edges and the upper edges of each pin are sharp edges, which implies that the edges of the protuberances obtained are also sharp edges.
  • the document EP-A-0642614 an embossed sheet having a fold with a micro-protuberance pattern, the profile of the base of each of the protuberances is hexagonal. In addition, the top of each protuberance is flattened and sharp-edged.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an improved design of an embossed sheet comprising at least one ply with a micro-protrusion background pattern and allowing especially, but not only, its association with a macro-protuberance pattern.
  • the aim of the invention is to improve the performance and technical characteristics of the sheet in the case of a combination of micro-protuberances and macro-protuberances, and to improve the final appearance of the sheet by better displaying the macro-pattern.
  • protuberances which, according to the state of the art, is "drowned” in the background pattern and is greatly “flattened” further preventing the recovery of the relief and the fleece effect.
  • the invention proposes an embossed sheet composed of at least one fold of creped cellulose wadding of grammage between 12 and 30 g / m 2 of the type comprising an embossing pattern comprising at least a first series of protuberances formed projecting on one side of the fold and having a density greater than 20 protuberances per cm 2 , characterized in that each protuberance of the first series comprises a polyhedron trunk base and a flattened free end section with edges rounded.
  • the invention also proposes an engraved roll for embossing at least one fold belonging to an embossed sheet according to the invention, of the type comprising a series of pins to form the protuberances belonging to said first series, characterized in that each pin comprises a polyhedron trunk base and a flattened free end section.
  • the invention also proposes a method of manufacturing a sheet according to the invention, characterized in that it consists in embossing a first ply of cellulose wadding on a cylinder engraved according to the background pattern according to the invention so as to to increase its thickness by less than 50%, then to then emboss said fold according to said main pattern.
  • Said fold may be associated with at least one second fold which may be embossed beforehand.
  • figure 1 an exemplary embodiment of a complex sheet of embossed paper, which is here a sheet of paper consisting of two folds, upper and lower 14, which are assembled according to the known technique in so-called “Nested” mode.
  • Each fold of absorbent paper is creped cellulose wadding and the sheet 10 is intended for all types of hygiene products or household.
  • the cellulose wadding whose grammage is between 12 and 30 g / m 2 , is preferably of the type obtained by conventional wet pressing, known as CWP.
  • the sheet of paper shown in figure 1 is for example intended to be incorporated in a roll of paper towels.
  • the lower fold 14 is a fold made in accordance with the teachings of the invention and, in this embodiment, it comprises a bottom pattern consisting of micro-protuberances. 16 and a main pattern consisting of a series of macro-protuberances.
  • the design and the density of the micro-protuberances 14 arranged in regular pattern gives the bottom of the fold 14 a textile appearance, while the macro-protuberances 18 are here arranged in regular pattern, especially in the form of concentric circles.
  • the background pattern is arranged between the alignments forming the main pattern. In particular, the background pattern fills the area between two concentric circles. The space between two adjacent macro-protuberances along the alignments forming the circles does not include visible micro-protuberances of the background pattern.
  • the number of macro-protuberances is less than 20 per cm 2 . It allows the association of folds in "Nested" mode. In this case, it is preferably between 5 and 15 per cm 2 , and more particularly between 5 and 9.
  • connection between the upper fold and the lower fold 14 is obtained, preferably by bonding the vertices 22 of the macro-protuberances 18 with parts of the inner face, here below, vis-à-vis -vis 24 of the upper fold.
  • each protuberance 16 of the lower fold bottom pattern 14 includes a polyhedron trunk base 28 and a flattened free end portion 30 with rounded edges.
  • the micro-protuberances 16 are obtained by embossing the lower fold 14 by means of an embossed embossing cylinder 32, part of the convex cylindrical outer surface 34 is schematically illustrated in particular in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the surface 34 comprises a series of pins 36 formed in relief and whose shape or external profile is homologous to that which one wishes to obtain for each corresponding protrusion 16 of the fold 14 of the sheet 10.
  • pins 36 which are adjacent to each other and which, in the example shown, are all of the same shape and dimensions. Insofar as they come within the scope of the invention, it is possible to provide pins of different shapes.
  • Each pin 36 is constituted by a base 38 in the form of truncated pyramid with a rectangular base and a free end or end portion 40 which is flattened.
  • each pin 36 is delimited by two small sides 42 or widths 42, which are here parallel to the transverse direction CD and by two long sides 44 (or lengths 44) which are here parallel to the MD direction.
  • Each pin 36 is delimited laterally by two small opposite substantially trapezoidal faces 46 whose base is a short side 42, and two large opposite substantially trapezoidal faces 48 whose base is a long side 44.
  • each substantially trapezoidal lateral face 46, 48 is inclined with respect to the height, or central axis A, of the pin 36, of an angle alpha which is here equal to approximately 45 °, that is to say that the half the angle at the top of the base 38 in the form of truncated pyramid is here equal to 45 °.
  • the free end section, or vertex 40 is generally a substantially flat flat and perpendicular to the central axis A and it is connected to the triangular side faces 46 and 48 by rounded edges 50.
  • each pin 36 is equal to about 0.6 mm while the width 42 of its rectangular base is equal to 1.4 mm and the length 44 is equal to 1.8 mm.
  • the width of its top 40 which is generally rectangular in plan view and as can be seen in the figure 4 is about 0.2 mm while the length of the apex 40 is about 0.6 mm.
  • all the pins 36 are adjacent and are formed on the surface 34 in the form of series of pins aligned in the MD direction.
  • All the pins 36 of the same series are thus adjacent to each other by their widths 42 and they are adjacent to the pins of the following line by their lengths 44.
  • the pins 36 of a series are shifted in the operating direction, that is to say here in parallel with their length 44 by half a step, that is to say half the length 44 of the rectangular base of a pin 36, here 1.8 mm, two vertices 40 of two consecutive and aligned pins belonging to the same series being of course spaced 1.8 mm.
  • the density of the pins 36 is substantially equal to 40 pins per cm 2 .
  • the inclination of the lateral faces 46 and 48 can be accentuated by reducing the value of the angle alpha up to 30 °, this limit value remaining greater than the value of the half-angle at the top of a conventional frustoconical taper , much sharper.
  • the angle remains between 35 ° and 45 °.
  • the edges of the flat are rounded
  • the radius R of each rounded edge, or fillet 50 is for example here equal to 0.5 mm.
  • each pin 36 is generally identical to those mentioned above with reference to the first embodiment but the pins, as can be seen in FIG. figure 8 , are aligned by series of adjacent pins by their widths 42, and this in the crosswise direction CD of the engraved cylinder 32.
  • the dimensions of the apex or free end 40 may be larger.
  • each vertex, or free end may be a rectangular flat whose width is equal to 0.4 mm and the length to 0.8 mm, the radius R of each rounded edge 50 being here substantially equal to 0.1 mm while the height H and the other dimensions of the widths 42 and lengths 44 are unchanged.
  • the embossing of the background pattern that is to say the production of micro-protuberances 16 by means of one of the engraved cylinders of the type of those represented in FIGS. Figures 3 to 11 , is made with a moderate embossing pressure, that is to say by controlling the increase in total thickness of the fold 14 resulting from the embossing.
  • This increase is preferably less than or equal to the initial thickness of the fold 14, that is to say of the sheet of cellulose wadding creped before embossing.
  • this increase in height is less than half the thickness of the sheet.
  • the lower fold 14 has pins 16 whose height is between 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • the fold that has just been embossed to make the background pattern with micro-protuberances 16 is then embossed again to achieve the main pattern constituted by macro-protuberances in concentric circles 18.
  • the embossing pressure is then sufficient to allow the formation of curved annular zones between the concentric circles.
  • FIG 12 Diagrammatically shown in figure 12 an installation 60 for embossing and assembling with gluing of the two plies, upper 12 and lower 14, in order to produce the complex sheet 10.
  • the creped cellulose wadding sheet constituting the fold 12 passes firstly between a first etched cylinder 62 and an associated cylinder 64 for the realization of the embossing pattern of this fold 12.
  • the cylinder 64 may be rubber or similar coating, or with a rigid coating such as steel or paper, but it is then provided with cavities complementary to the protuberances of the engraved cylinder 62.
  • the sheet of cellulose wadding constituting the bottom fold 14 passes first into a micro-embossing unit 66 comprising the engraved cylinder 32, the convex cylindrical surface of which is engraved 34 in accordance with the teachings of the invention and which cooperates with an associated cylinder 68 for producing the bottom pattern comprising the micro-protuberances 16.
  • a micro-embossing unit 66 comprising the engraved cylinder 32, the convex cylindrical surface of which is engraved 34 in accordance with the teachings of the invention and which cooperates with an associated cylinder 68 for producing the bottom pattern comprising the micro-protuberances 16.
  • the cylinder 68 is made of rubber.
  • the fold 14 with its micro-embossing 16 then passes between a third engraved cylinder 70 whose etching pattern corresponds to the formation of concentric circle macro-protuberances 18 and which cooperates with an associated rubber cylinder 72.
  • the lower fold 14 with its micro-graufrage 16 and macro-embossing 18 then passes next to the upper engraved roll 62 to allow the combination of the two folds, before passing before a sizing cylinder 74 belonging to a unit 76 sizing, of known design, which deposits the glue on the vertices of the highest level relative to the cylinder 70.
  • the visual appearance obtained for the fold comprising the micro-embossed background pattern and the main pattern of macro-embossed decoration is significantly improved compared to a product of the state of the art without the background pattern.
  • the method has been applied to a main pattern composed of protuberances forming concentric circles.
  • the background pattern occupies the space between the circles and other concentric elements.
  • the space between two adjacent protuberances on the circles themselves is insufficient to accommodate a micro-protuberance.
  • a product whose surface seen from the background pattern side has the appearance of concentric relief rings forming toric bearings.
  • the first line gives the values of a sheet with two non-embossed folds. These are the reference values. The measurements were made according to standard standards in this area.
  • the second line gives the values of a product A of the prior art whose two plies were embossed with the single main pattern.
  • This is a paper towel marketed under the brand "Okay” in France and having a pattern composed of concentric circles as in the figure 2 but without the background pattern.
  • the macro-protuberances are an average of 7.6 per cm 2 .
  • the third line gives the values of a product B produced in accordance with the invention, that is to say with the same main embossing pattern as the product A above and the same embossing conditions, but also with the pattern background according to the invention, distributed as in the figure 2 and having 40 micro-protuberances per cm 2 .
  • the cross-directional wet strength of a product having bottom embossing consisting of micro-protuberances obtained on a cylinder whose pips are frustoconical in shape with an apex angle slightly less than 30 ° was first measured.
  • the density of the pins of the background pattern was 37 per cm 2 .
  • the values are respectively 77, 67 and 75 N / m. It is therefore found that the invention makes it possible to produce a product with a main pattern and a background pattern without harming its strength.
  • a sheet according to the invention is less rigid than a sheet with a simple main embossing pattern. Rigidity can be estimated by means of a consumer panel test or using a model based on appropriate physical parameter measurements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une feuille de papier, notamment une feuille de papier absorbant en ouate de cellulose crêpée, comportant un motif de gaufrage.The invention relates to a sheet of paper, in particular an absorbent paper sheet of creped cellulose wadding, comprising an embossing pattern.

L'invention concerne en particulier une feuille de papier, constituée notamment d'au moins un pli de papier absorbant en ouate de cellulose crêpée, destinée au domaine de l'essuyage dans un usage ménager, domestique ou industriel, c'est-à-dire susceptible d'être utilisée comme essuie-tout, chiffon etc.The invention particularly relates to a sheet of paper, consisting in particular of at least one fold of absorbent paper made of creped cellulose wadding, intended for the field of wiping in domestic, household or industrial use, that is to say say likely to be used as paper towels, cloth etc.

Dans le domaine des papiers à usage sanitaire ou domestique tels que le papier hygiénique ou l'essuie-tout, il est connu de réaliser des feuilles de papier composées de plusieurs plis de papier absorbant, par exemple en ouate de cellulose aussi appelée "papier tissue", crêpée de grammage compris entre 12 et 30 g/m2, munies de protubérances qui sont obtenues par gaufrage.In the field of sanitary or domestic papers such as toilet paper or paper towel, it is known to produce paper sheets composed of several folds of absorbent paper, for example cellulose wadding also known as tissue paper. ", creped weight of between 12 and 30 g / m 2 , provided with protuberances which are obtained by embossing.

En effet le gaufrage donne du bouffant à la feuille et il induit une amélioration de l'absorption des liquides, du toucher et de la douceur. On a cherché à augmenter davantage la capacité d'absorption en créant des feuilles multicouches obtenues en associant au moins deux couches, aussi appelées plis, constitués chacun d'au moins une desdites feuilles gaufrées.Indeed the embossing gives bouffant to the sheet and it induces an improvement in the absorption of liquids, touch and softness. It has been sought to further increase the absorption capacity by creating multilayer sheets obtained by combining at least two layers, also called folds, each consisting of at least one of said embossed sheets.

Deux modes de gaufrage et assemblage des plis sont couramment mis en oeuvre selon les caractéristiques désirées du produit final.Two modes of embossing and ply assembly are commonly implemented depending on the desired characteristics of the final product.

Le premier est connu dans le domaine sous la désignation "nested" ou à emboîtement. Il consiste, d'abord, à gaufrer chacun des plis séparément de manière à former en surface des protubérances généralement sensiblement tronconiques ou en troncs de pyramide. Ensuite on dépose de la colle sur le sommet des protubérances de l'un des plis, et on dispose les plis de façon que les faces présentant les protubérances viennent en vis à vis, les protubérances de l'un entre les protubérances de l'autre. On assemble enfin les plis de telle sorte que les protubérances ayant été encollées viennent s'emboîter entre les protubérances de l'autre pli. Ainsi les deux plis sont liés par des points de colle entre les sommets des protubérances d'un pli et des zones non gaufrées entre les protubérances de l'autre pli. On réalise une structure dont les vides ainsi ménagés sont propres à assurer à la feuille une absorption améliorée. En outre, les faces extérieures ont un toucher lisse et moelleux en raison des zones en creux formées par le dos des protubérances. Cette technique est illustrée par le brevet US-A-3.867.225 .The former is known in the field as "nested" or interlocking. It consists, first, embossing each of the plies separately so as to form surface generally generally frustoconical protrusions or truncated pyramids. Then glue is deposited on the top of the protuberances of one of the folds, and the folds are arranged so that the faces having the protuberances come opposite, the protuberances of one between the protuberances of the other. The folds are finally assembled so that the protuberances having been glued together fit between the protuberances of the other fold. Thus the two plies are linked by glue points between the tops of the protuberances of a fold and unembossed areas between the protuberances of the other fold. A structure is produced whose voids thus formed are suitable for ensuring the sheet an improved absorption. In addition, the outer faces have a smooth and soft feel due to the recessed areas formed by the back of the protuberances. This technique is illustrated by the patent US Patent 3,867,225 .

Le second mode d'assemblage est connu dans le domaine sous la désignation pointes/pointes. Il se distingue du précédent par la disposition relative des deux plis. Ceux-ci, après qu'ils ont été gaufrés séparément, sont amenés l'un sur l'autre de façon à faire coïncider les sommets des protubérances. Les plis sont liés entre eux par les sommets des protubérances, pointes contre pointes. Cette technique est illustrée par le brevet US-A-3.414.459 .The second method of assembly is known in the field under the designation points / tips. It differs from the previous one by the relative disposition of the two folds. These, after they have been embossed separately, are brought one on the other so as to coincide the tops of the protuberances. The folds are linked together by the tops of the protuberances, tips against points. This technique is illustrated by the patent US Patent 3,414,459 .

Quand on considère les réalisations pratiques de ces structures, qu'elles soient du type "nested" ou pointes/pointes, les protubérances obtenues lors du gaufrage sont le plus souvent réalisées de manière à être réparties selon un motif.When one considers the practical achievements of these structures, whether of the "nested" type or points / points, the protuberances obtained during the embossing are most often made so as to be distributed in a pattern.

D'une manière générale, on connaît plusieurs types de motifs et/ou d'association de motifs.In general, several types of patterns and / or pattern associations are known.

Afin de disposer d'un papier tissue présentant un aspect textile, il a notamment déjà été proposé de réaliser un motif de fond dit à haute densité de protubérances.In order to have a tissue paper having a textile appearance, it has in particular already been proposed to produce a ground pattern called high density of protuberances.

Un exemple d'un tel produit est décrit et représenté dans le brevet EP-B1-0.426.548 .An example of such a product is described and shown in the patent EP-B1-0.426.548 .

Selon les différents modes de réalisation connus d'un tel type de papier à motif de fond à haute densité de protubérances, chacune de ces protubérances est de forme générale tronconique, chaque tronc de cône étant formé par un picot homologue appartenant à un cylindre de gaufrage. Chaque picot gravé sur le cylindre présente un angle au sommet inférieur ou égal à 60° lui conférant une forme globalement pointue.According to the different known embodiments of such a type of paper with a high density pattern of protuberances, each of these protuberances is generally frustoconical in shape, each truncated cone being formed by a homologous pin belonging to an embossing cylinder. Each pin engraved on the cylinder has an angle at the summit less than or equal to 60 ° giving it a generally pointed shape.

La hauteur des picots est par exemple comprise entre 0,4 mm et 0,6 mm, le choix de cette hauteur totale étant un compromis en fonction de la densité des picots qui est en fonction inverse de la hauteur des picots.The height of the pins is for example between 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm, the choice of this total height being a compromise depending on the density of the pins which is in inverse function of the height of the pins.

Dans le but notamment d'améliorer l'aspect du produit, on a aussi proposé des motifs décoratifs constitués par des séries de protubérances qui sont disposées au moins en partie selon des courbes, des portions de courbes ou de droites - ou bien des combinaisons de telles portions de courbes et/ou de droites. En particulier certaines desdites portions sont, au moins partiellement, parallèles entre elles. En particulier les protubérances forment des courbes fermées comprenant des cercles ou des portions de cercles éventuellement concentriques.In order in particular to improve the appearance of the product, decorative patterns consisting of series of protuberances which are arranged at least in part along curves, portions of curves or straight lines-or combinations of such portions of curves and / or straight lines. In particular, some of said portions are, at least partially, parallel to one another. In particular, the protuberances form closed curves comprising circles or possibly concentric portions of circles.

Dans le document WO-A-93/12293 , on a proposé d'associer ces deux types de motifs.In the document WO-A-93/12293 it has been proposed to combine these two types of motifs.

Ainsi, dans ce document, on propose une feuille complexe comportant l'association de deux plis dont l'un au moins des plis comporte un motif de fond à haute densité et de petites dimensions des protubérances, aussi appelé "micro-gaufrage", et un motif principal décoratif constitué par des séries de protubérances de plus grandes dimensions, et notamment de plus grande hauteur, aussi appelé "macro-gaufrage".Thus, in this document, there is provided a complex sheet comprising the combination of two folds, at least one of the folds comprises a high density background pattern and small dimensions of the protuberances, also called "micro-embossing", and a decorative main pattern constituted by series of protuberances of larger dimensions, and in particular of greater height, also called "macro-embossing".

Les macro-protubérances constituant le motif principal décoratif ont une densité inférieure à 20 protubérances par cm2 et sont combinées avec les micro-protubérances du motif de fond qui ont une densité supérieure à 30 par cm2 et de préférence supérieure ou égale à 40 par cm2.The macro-protuberances constituting the main decorative pattern have a density of less than 20 protuberances per cm 2 and are combined with the micro-protuberances of the background pattern which have a density greater than 30 per cm 2 and preferably greater than or equal to 40 per cm 2 .

En fonction des conditions de gaufrage, telles que la pression, la nature du contre-cylindre (caoutchouc ou rigide) gravé, on réalise des produits avec des macro-protubérances, par exemple de hauteur comprise entre 0,5 et 2,5 millimètres, et des micro-protubérances de hauteur comprise entre 0,1 et 0,3 mm. Ces hauteurs correspondent à celles que l'on peut mesurer sur le pli après son gaufrage, et non pas à la hauteur des picots du cylindre gravé de gaufrage.Depending on the embossing conditions, such as the pressure, the nature of the counter cylinder (rubber or rigid) etched, products are produced with macro-protuberances, for example of height between 0.5 and 2.5 millimeters, and micro-protuberances of height between 0.1 and 0.3 mm. These heights correspond to those that can be measured on the fold after embossing, and not at the height of the pins of the engraved embossing cylinder.

Le gaufrage, en augmentant l'épaisseur globale de la feuille, conduit à une amélioration de l'absorption des liquides, mais aussi de sa souplesse du fait de la rupture d'une partie des liaisons entre les fibres de l'ouate de cellulose. Le gaufrage entraîne ainsi généralement une perte de résistance à la déchirure.The embossing, by increasing the overall thickness of the sheet, leads to an improvement in the absorption of the liquids, but also in its flexibility due to the rupture of part of the bonds between the fibers of the cellulose wadding. Embossing thus generally results in a loss of tear strength.

Pour des produits destinés à l'essuyage et réalisés en papier tissue crêpé du type "CWP" (Conventional Wet Pressed), la feuille peut contenir des additifs qui lui confèrent une résistance à la déchirure qui est accrue, notamment à l'état humide.For products intended for wiping and made of creped tissue paper of the "CWP" type (Conventional Wet Pressed), the sheet may contain additives which give it increased resistance to tearing, especially in the wet state.

Par rapport à un papier toilette, le gaufrage est en outre plus marqué car on souhaite obtenir une plus grande capacité d'absorption.Compared to a toilet paper, embossing is also more marked because it is desired to obtain a greater absorption capacity.

Le document EP-A-0.379.767 décrit un cylindre gravé pour le gaufrage d'un pli formé de fibres synthétiques non tissées et liées par fusion.The document EP-A-0379767 discloses an engraved roll for embossing a fold formed of nonwoven and melt bonded synthetic fibers.

Le cylindre comporte des picots en forme de troncs de pyramides à sommets aplatis, et dont les coins des picots sont arrondis pour éviter la formation d'amas de fibres coupées en surface du cylindre.The cylinder has pins in the form of truncated pyramids with flattened vertices, and whose corners of the pins are rounded to prevent the formation of fiber clusters cut on the surface of the cylinder.

Cependant, les arêtes d'angle et les arêtes supérieures de chaque picot sont des arêtes vives, ce qui implique que les arêtes des protubérances obtenues sont elles aussi des arêtes vives.However, the corner edges and the upper edges of each pin are sharp edges, which implies that the edges of the protuberances obtained are also sharp edges.

Le document EP-A-0.642.614 une feuille gaufrée comportant un pli avec un motif à micro-protubérances, dont le profil de la base de chacune des protubérances est hexagonal. De plus, le sommet de chaque protubérance est aplati et à arêtes vives.The document EP-A-0642614 an embossed sheet having a fold with a micro-protuberance pattern, the profile of the base of each of the protuberances is hexagonal. In addition, the top of each protuberance is flattened and sharp-edged.

L'invention vise à proposer une conception améliorée d'une feuille gaufrée comportant au moins un pli avec un motif de fond à micro-protubérances et permettant notamment, mais pas uniquement, son association avec un motif à macro-protubérances.The object of the invention is to propose an improved design of an embossed sheet comprising at least one ply with a micro-protrusion background pattern and allowing especially, but not only, its association with a macro-protuberance pattern.

L'invention vise à améliorer les performances et caractéristiques techniques de la feuille dans le cas d'une association de micro-protubérances et de macro-protubérances, et à améliorer l'aspect final de la feuille en faisant mieux apparaître le motif à macro-protubérances qui, selon l'état de la technique, est "noyé" dans le motif de fond et est grandement "aplati" en empêchant de plus de retrouver le relief et l'effet molletonné.The aim of the invention is to improve the performance and technical characteristics of the sheet in the case of a combination of micro-protuberances and macro-protuberances, and to improve the final appearance of the sheet by better displaying the macro-pattern. protuberances which, according to the state of the art, is "drowned" in the background pattern and is greatly "flattened" further preventing the recovery of the relief and the fleece effect.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose une feuille gaufrée composée d'au moins un pli d'ouate de cellulose crêpée de grammage compris entre 12 et 30 g/m2 du type comportant un motif de gaufrage comportant au moins une première série de protubérances formées en saillie sur une face du pli et dont la densité est supérieure à 20 protubérances par cm2, caractérisée en ce que chaque protubérance de la première série comporte une embase en forme de tronc de polyèdre et un tronçon d'extrémité libre aplati à bords arrondis.For this purpose, the invention proposes an embossed sheet composed of at least one fold of creped cellulose wadding of grammage between 12 and 30 g / m 2 of the type comprising an embossing pattern comprising at least a first series of protuberances formed projecting on one side of the fold and having a density greater than 20 protuberances per cm 2 , characterized in that each protuberance of the first series comprises a polyhedron trunk base and a flattened free end section with edges rounded.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de la feuille :

  • l'embase est un tronc de polyèdre ;
  • l'embase est un tronc de pyramide ;
  • l'embase est un tronc de pyramide régulière à base rectangulaire ;
  • chaque face latérale de l'embase forme un angle, par rapport à la hauteur du tronc de pyramide, qui est compris entre 30° et 45°, de préférence entre 35° et 45° ;
  • le tronçon d'extrémité libre de la protubérance comporte une zone centrale sensiblement plane et parallèle au plan général de la feuille et qui est reliée aux faces latérales de l'embase par des zones de raccordement de profil arrondi ;
  • la hauteur totale des protubérances est comprise entre 0,05 mm et 0,5 mm ;
  • la densité des protubérances est comprise entre 30 et 80 par cm2 ;
  • les protubérances de la première série appartiennent à un motif de fond, et en ce que ledit au moins un pli comporte une seconde série de protubérances, associée à la première série pour constituer un motif principal, notamment décoratif, dont la hauteur en relief est supérieure à la hauteur des protubérances de la première série ;
  • la feuille est une feuille multiplis absorbante à au moins deux plis d'ouate de cellulose, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un pli constitué selon l'invention, lesdites protubérances étant tournées vers l'intérieur de la feuille ;
  • le motif principal est formé d'alignements de protubérances, les protubérances du motif de fond étant disposées entre lesdits alignements.
According to other characteristics of the sheet:
  • the base is a polyhedron trunk;
  • the base is a truncated pyramid;
  • the base is a truncated regular pyramid with a rectangular base;
  • each side face of the base forms an angle, relative to the height of the pyramid trunk, which is between 30 ° and 45 °, preferably between 35 ° and 45 °;
  • the free end portion of the protuberance comprises a substantially flat central region parallel to the general plane of the sheet and which is connected to the lateral faces of the base by rounded profile connection areas;
  • the total height of the protuberances is between 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm;
  • the density of the protuberances is between 30 and 80 per cm 2 ;
  • the protuberances of the first series belong to a background pattern, and in that said at least one fold comprises a second series of protuberances, associated with the first series to form a main pattern, in particular decorative, whose height in relief is greater than at the height of the protuberances of the first series;
  • the sheet is an absorbent multiply sheet with at least two folds of cellulose wadding, characterized in that it comprises at least one fold formed according to the invention, said protuberances being turned towards the inside of the sheet;
  • the main pattern is formed of protrusion alignments, the protuberances of the background pattern being disposed between said alignments.

L'invention propose aussi un cylindre gravé pour le gaufrage d'au moins un pli appartenant à une feuille gaufrée selon l'invention, du type comportant une série de picots pour former les protubérances appartenant à ladite première série, caractérisé en ce que chaque picot comporte une embase en forme de tronc de polyèdre et un tronçon d'extrémité libre aplati.The invention also proposes an engraved roll for embossing at least one fold belonging to an embossed sheet according to the invention, of the type comprising a series of pins to form the protuberances belonging to said first series, characterized in that each pin comprises a polyhedron trunk base and a flattened free end section.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques du cylindre :

  • l'embase est un tronc de polyèdre ;
  • l'embase est un tronc de pyramide ;
  • chaque face latérale de l'embase forme un angle, par rapport à la hauteur du tronc de pyramide, qui est compris entre 30° et 45° ;
  • la hauteur totale de chaque picot est comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 mm ;
  • l'embase est un tronc de pyramide régulière à base rectangulaire dont la largeur est parallèle au sens marche du cylindre ;
  • l'embase est un tronc de pyramide régulière à base rectangulaire dont la largeur est parallèle au sens travers du cylindre ;
  • le tronçon d'extrémité libre du picot comporte une zone centrale sensiblement plane qui est reliée aux faces latérales de l'embase par des zones de raccordement de profil arrondi.
According to other characteristics of the cylinder:
  • the base is a polyhedron trunk;
  • the base is a truncated pyramid;
  • each lateral face of the base forms an angle, relative to the height of the pyramid trunk, which is between 30 ° and 45 °;
  • the total height of each pin is between 0.4 and 0.6 mm;
  • the base is a truncated regular pyramid with rectangular base whose width is parallel to the running direction of the cylinder;
  • the base is a truncated regular pyramid with rectangular base whose width is parallel to the cross-cylinder direction;
  • the free end section of the pin comprises a substantially flat central zone which is connected to the lateral faces of the base by rounded profile connection areas.

L'invention propose aussi un procédé de fabrication d'une feuille selon l'invention, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à gaufrer un premier pli d'ouate de cellulose sur un cylindre gravé selon le motif de fond selon l'invention de façon à augmenter son épaisseur de moins de 50%, puis à gaufrer ensuite ledit pli selon ledit motif principal. Ledit pli peut être associé à au moins un second pli qui peut être préalablement gaufré.The invention also proposes a method of manufacturing a sheet according to the invention, characterized in that it consists in embossing a first ply of cellulose wadding on a cylinder engraved according to the background pattern according to the invention so as to to increase its thickness by less than 50%, then to then emboss said fold according to said main pattern. Said fold may be associated with at least one second fold which may be embossed beforehand.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en section par un plan vertical selon le sens marche, qui représente schématiquement une feuille gaufrée à deux plis dont le pli inférieur comporte une association d'un motif de fond et d'un motif principal ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de détail selon la flèche F2 de la figure 1 qui illustre l'association du motif de fond avec un exemple de motif principal ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue développée d'une partie de la surface gravée d'un cylindre de gaufrage conforme aux enseignements de l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de détail à plus grande échelle de l'un des picots de la figure 3 ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues en section selon les lignes 5-5 et 6-6 de la figure 4 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en perspective du picot représenté aux figures 4 à 6 ;
  • les figures 8 à 11 sont des vues similaires à celles des figures 3 à 6 qui illustrent un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un cylindre gravé conforme aux enseignements de l'invention pour la réalisation du motif de fond ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue schématique illustrant une machine pour la réalisation d'une feuille complexe réalisée conformément aux enseignements de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view through a vertical plane in the running direction, which schematically represents a two-ply embossed sheet whose bottom fold comprises a combination of a background pattern and a main pattern;
  • the figure 2 is a detail view according to the arrow F2 of the figure 1 which illustrates the association of the background pattern with an example of a main motif;
  • the figure 3 is a developed view of a portion of the etched surface of an embossing roll according to the teachings of the invention;
  • the figure 4 is a detail view on a larger scale of one of the spikes of the figure 3 ;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views along lines 5-5 and 6-6 of the figure 4 ;
  • the figure 7 is a perspective view of the pin represented in Figures 4 to 6 ;
  • the Figures 8 to 11 are views similar to those of Figures 3 to 6 which illustrate a second embodiment of an engraved cylinder according to the teachings of the invention for producing the background pattern;
  • the figure 12 is a schematic view illustrating a machine for producing a complex sheet made in accordance with the teachings of the invention.

Dans la description qui va suivre, des éléments identiques, similaires ou analogues seront désignés par les mêmes chiffres de référence. On utilisera, à titre non limitatif et pour faciliter la description et la compréhension des revendications, une orientation verticale de bas en haut en considérant notamment la figure 1.In the following description, identical, similar or similar elements will be designated by the same reference numerals. We will use, without limitation and to facilitate the description and understanding of the claims, a vertical orientation from the bottom up, particularly considering the figure 1 .

On a représenté à la figure 1 un exemple de réalisation d'une feuille complexe de papier gaufré, qui est ici une feuille de papier constituée de deux plis, supérieur et inférieur 14, qui sont assemblés selon la technique connue en mode dit "Nested".We have shown figure 1 an exemplary embodiment of a complex sheet of embossed paper, which is here a sheet of paper consisting of two folds, upper and lower 14, which are assembled according to the known technique in so-called "Nested" mode.

Chaque pli de papier absorbant est en ouate de cellulose crêpée et la feuille 10 est destinée à tous types de produits d'hygiène ou de ménage.Each fold of absorbent paper is creped cellulose wadding and the sheet 10 is intended for all types of hygiene products or household.

L'ouate de cellulose, dont le grammage est compris entre 12 et 30 g/m2, est de préférence du type obtenu par pressage humide conventionnel, dit CWP.The cellulose wadding, whose grammage is between 12 and 30 g / m 2 , is preferably of the type obtained by conventional wet pressing, known as CWP.

Plus particulièrement, la feuille de papier représentée à la figure 1 est par exemple destinée à être incorporée dans un rouleau de papier essuie-tout.More particularly, the sheet of paper shown in figure 1 is for example intended to be incorporated in a roll of paper towels.

Le pli inférieur 14 est un pli réalisé conformément aux enseignements de l'invention et, dans ce mode de réalisation, il comporte un motif de fond constitué par des micro-protubérances 16 et un motif principal, constitué par une série de macro-protubérances.The lower fold 14 is a fold made in accordance with the teachings of the invention and, in this embodiment, it comprises a bottom pattern consisting of micro-protuberances. 16 and a main pattern consisting of a series of macro-protuberances.

Comme on peut le voir à la figure 2, la conception et la densité des micro-protubérances 14 agencées en motif régulier confère au fond du pli 14 un aspect de textile, tandis que les macro-protubérances 18 sont ici agencées en motif régulier, notamment sous la forme de cercles concentriques. On observe que le motif de fond est disposé entre les alignements formant le motif principal. Notamment le motif de fond remplit la zone comprise entre deux cercles concentriques. L'espace entre deux macro-protubérances adjacentes le long des alignements formant les cercles ne comporte pas de micro-protubérances du motif de fond, visibles.As can be seen at figure 2 the design and the density of the micro-protuberances 14 arranged in regular pattern gives the bottom of the fold 14 a textile appearance, while the macro-protuberances 18 are here arranged in regular pattern, especially in the form of concentric circles. It is observed that the background pattern is arranged between the alignments forming the main pattern. In particular, the background pattern fills the area between two concentric circles. The space between two adjacent macro-protuberances along the alignments forming the circles does not include visible micro-protuberances of the background pattern.

Le nombre de macro-protubérances est inférieur à 20 par cm2. Il permet l'association des plis en mode "Nested". Dans ce cas, il est de préférence compris entre 5 et 15 par cm2, et plus particulièrement entre 5 et 9.The number of macro-protuberances is less than 20 per cm 2 . It allows the association of folds in "Nested" mode. In this case, it is preferably between 5 and 15 per cm 2 , and more particularly between 5 and 9.

Comme cela sera expliqué par la suite, la liaison entre le pli supérieur et le pli inférieur 14 est obtenue, de préférence, par collage des sommets 22 des macro-protubérances 18 avec des parties de la face interne, ici inférieure, en vis-à-vis 24 du pli supérieur.As will be explained later, the connection between the upper fold and the lower fold 14 is obtained, preferably by bonding the vertices 22 of the macro-protuberances 18 with parts of the inner face, here below, vis-à-vis -vis 24 of the upper fold.

Conformément aux enseignements de l'invention, chaque protubérance 16 du motif de fond du pli inférieur 14 comporte une embase en forme de tronc de polyèdre 28 et un tronçon d'extrémité libre aplati 30 à bords arrondis.In accordance with the teachings of the invention, each protuberance 16 of the lower fold bottom pattern 14 includes a polyhedron trunk base 28 and a flattened free end portion 30 with rounded edges.

Selon une technique connue, les micro-protubérances 16 sont obtenues par gaufrage du pli inférieur 14 au moyen d'un cylindre gravé de gaufrage 32 dont une partie de la surface externe cylindrique convexe 34 est illustrée schématiquement notamment à la figure 3.According to a known technique, the micro-protuberances 16 are obtained by embossing the lower fold 14 by means of an embossed embossing cylinder 32, part of the convex cylindrical outer surface 34 is schematically illustrated in particular in FIG. figure 3 .

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3, la surface 34 comporte une série de picots 36 formés en relief et dont la forme ou profil externe est homologue de celle que l'on désire obtenir pour chaque protubérance correspondante 16 du pli 14 de la feuille 10.As can be seen on the figure 3 the surface 34 comprises a series of pins 36 formed in relief and whose shape or external profile is homologous to that which one wishes to obtain for each corresponding protrusion 16 of the fold 14 of the sheet 10.

On a indiqué à la figure 3, par une flèche MD, le sens marche du cylindre, c'est-à-dire le sens de défilement de sa surface lorsqu'il est en rotation au cours de l'opération de gaufrage, et le sens transversal, par une flèche CD, qui correspond à la direction perpendiculaire au sens marche MD et parallèle à l'axe de rotation du cylindre gravé 32.It was stated at figure 3 by an arrow MD, the running direction of the cylinder, that is to say the direction of travel of its surface when it is rotating during the embossing operation, and the transverse direction, by a CD arrow which corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the MD direction and parallel to the axis of rotation of the engraved cylinder 32.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 3, toute la surface gravée 34 du cylindre 32 est recouverte de picots 36 qui sont adjacents entre eux et qui, dans l'exemple représenté, sont tous de même forme et de mêmes dimensions. Dans la mesure où Ils entrent dans le cadre de l'invention, on peut prévoir des picots de formes différentes.In the embodiment illustrated in figure 3 , the entire engraved surface 34 of the cylinder 32 is covered with pins 36 which are adjacent to each other and which, in the example shown, are all of the same shape and dimensions. Insofar as they come within the scope of the invention, it is possible to provide pins of different shapes.

Chaque picot 36 est ici constitué par une embase 38 en forme de tronc de pyramide à base rectangulaire et par un sommet ou tronçon d'extrémité libre 40 qui est aplati.Each pin 36 is constituted by a base 38 in the form of truncated pyramid with a rectangular base and a free end or end portion 40 which is flattened.

La base rectangulaire de chaque picot 36 est délimitée par deux petits côtés 42 ou largeurs 42, qui sont ici parallèles au sens travers CD et par deux grands côtés 44 (ou longueurs 44) qui sont ici parallèles au sens marche MD.The rectangular base of each pin 36 is delimited by two small sides 42 or widths 42, which are here parallel to the transverse direction CD and by two long sides 44 (or lengths 44) which are here parallel to the MD direction.

Chaque picot 36 est délimité latéralement par deux petites faces opposées sensiblement trapézoïdales 46 dont la base est un petit côté 42, et par deux grandes faces opposées sensiblement trapézoïdales 48 dont la base est un grand côté 44.Each pin 36 is delimited laterally by two small opposite substantially trapezoidal faces 46 whose base is a short side 42, and two large opposite substantially trapezoidal faces 48 whose base is a long side 44.

Comme on peut le voir notamment aux figures 5 et 6, chaque face latérale sensiblement trapézoïdale 46, 48 est inclinée par rapport à la hauteur, ou axe central A, du picot 36, d'un angle alpha qui est ici égal à environ 45°, c'est-à-dire que le demi-angle au sommet de l'embase 38 en forme de tronc de pyramide est ici égal à 45°.As can be seen in particular Figures 5 and 6 each substantially trapezoidal lateral face 46, 48 is inclined with respect to the height, or central axis A, of the pin 36, of an angle alpha which is here equal to approximately 45 °, that is to say that the half the angle at the top of the base 38 in the form of truncated pyramid is here equal to 45 °.

Le tronçon d'extrémité libre, ou sommet 40, est globalement un méplat sensiblement plan et perpendiculaire à l'axe central A et il est relié aux faces latérales triangulaires 46 et 48 par des bords arrondis 50.The free end section, or vertex 40, is generally a substantially flat flat and perpendicular to the central axis A and it is connected to the triangular side faces 46 and 48 by rounded edges 50.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 3 à 7, la hauteur totale H de chaque picot 36 est égale à environ 0,6 mm tandis que la largeur 42 de sa base rectangulaire est égale à 1,4 mm et la longueur 44 est égale à 1,8 mm.In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 to 7 , the total height H of each pin 36 is equal to about 0.6 mm while the width 42 of its rectangular base is equal to 1.4 mm and the length 44 is equal to 1.8 mm.

La largeur de son sommet 40, qui est de forme générale rectangulaire en vue de dessus et comme on peut le voir à la figure 4, est égale à environ 0,2 mm tandis que la longueur du sommet 40 est égale à environ à 0,6 mm.The width of its top 40, which is generally rectangular in plan view and as can be seen in the figure 4 is about 0.2 mm while the length of the apex 40 is about 0.6 mm.

Comme on peut le voir à la figure 3, tous les picots 36 sont adjacents et sont formés à la surface 34 sous la forme de séries de picots alignés selon le sens marche MD.As can be seen at figure 3 , all the pins 36 are adjacent and are formed on the surface 34 in the form of series of pins aligned in the MD direction.

Tous les picots 36 d'une même série sont ainsi adjacents entre eux par leurs largeurs 42 et ils sont adjacents aux picots de la ligne suivante par leurs longueurs 44.All the pins 36 of the same series are thus adjacent to each other by their widths 42 and they are adjacent to the pins of the following line by their lengths 44.

De plus, comme on peut le voir à la figure 3, les picots 36 d'une série sont décalés selon le sens marche, c'est-à-dire ici parallèlement à leur longueur 44 d'un demi-pas, c'est-à-dire de la moitié de la longueur 44 de la base rectangulaire d'un picot 36, soit ici 1,8 mm, deux sommets 40 de deux picots consécutifs et alignés appartenant à la même série étant bien entendu espacés de 1,8 mm.Moreover, as can be seen at figure 3 , the pins 36 of a series are shifted in the operating direction, that is to say here in parallel with their length 44 by half a step, that is to say half the length 44 of the rectangular base of a pin 36, here 1.8 mm, two vertices 40 of two consecutive and aligned pins belonging to the same series being of course spaced 1.8 mm.

Si l'on se réfère aux dimensions mentionnées précédemment, la densité des picots 36 est sensiblement égale à 40 picots par cm2.If one refers to the dimensions mentioned above, the density of the pins 36 is substantially equal to 40 pins per cm 2 .

Il est bien entendu possible de réduire la hauteur totale de chaque picot 36, en fonction de l'application, et d'augmenter de manière inversement proportionnelle la densité des picots.It is of course possible to reduce the total height of each pin 36, depending on the application, and to increase the density of the pins inversely proportional.

L'inclinaison des faces latérales 46 et 48 peut être accentuée, en réduisant la valeur de l'angle alpha jusqu'à 30°, cette valeur limite demeurant supérieure à la valeur du demi-angle au sommet d'un picot conventionnel de forme tronconique, nettement plus pointu. De préférence l'angle reste compris entre 35° et 45°. Les bords du méplat sont arrondisThe inclination of the lateral faces 46 and 48 can be accentuated by reducing the value of the angle alpha up to 30 °, this limit value remaining greater than the value of the half-angle at the top of a conventional frustoconical taper , much sharper. Preferably the angle remains between 35 ° and 45 °. The edges of the flat are rounded

Le rayon R de chaque bord arrondi, ou congé 50, est par exemple ici égal à 0,5 mm.The radius R of each rounded edge, or fillet 50, is for example here equal to 0.5 mm.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 8 à 11, la forme et les dimensions de chaque picot 36 sont globalement identiques à celles mentionnées précédemment en référence au premier mode de réalisation mais les picots, comme on peut le voir à la figure 8, sont alignés par série de picots adjacents par leurs largeurs 42, et ceci selon le sens travers CD du cylindre gravé 32.In the embodiment shown in Figures 8 to 11 , the shape and the dimensions of each pin 36 are generally identical to those mentioned above with reference to the first embodiment but the pins, as can be seen in FIG. figure 8 , are aligned by series of adjacent pins by their widths 42, and this in the crosswise direction CD of the engraved cylinder 32.

Sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, les dimensions du sommet ou extrémité libre 40 peuvent être plus importantes.Without departing from the scope of the invention, the dimensions of the apex or free end 40 may be larger.

Ainsi, chaque sommet, ou extrémité libre, peut être un méplat rectangulaire dont la largeur est égale à 0,4 mm et la longueur à 0,8 mm, le rayon R de chaque bord arrondi 50 étant ici sensiblement égale à 0,1 mm, tandis que la hauteur H et les autres dimensions des largeurs 42 et longueurs 44 sont inchangées.Thus, each vertex, or free end, may be a rectangular flat whose width is equal to 0.4 mm and the length to 0.8 mm, the radius R of each rounded edge 50 being here substantially equal to 0.1 mm while the height H and the other dimensions of the widths 42 and lengths 44 are unchanged.

Le gaufrage du motif de fond, c'est-à-dire la réalisation des micro-protubérances 16 à l'aide de l'un des cylindres gravés du type de ceux représentés aux figures 3 à 11, est réalisé avec une pression de gaufrage modérée, c'est-à-dire en contrôlant l'augmentation d'épaisseur totale du pli 14 résultant du gaufrage.The embossing of the background pattern, that is to say the production of micro-protuberances 16 by means of one of the engraved cylinders of the type of those represented in FIGS. Figures 3 to 11 , is made with a moderate embossing pressure, that is to say by controlling the increase in total thickness of the fold 14 resulting from the embossing.

Cette augmentation est de préférence inférieure ou égale à l'épaisseur initiale du pli 14, c'est-à-dire de la feuille d'ouate de cellulose crêpée avant gaufrage.This increase is preferably less than or equal to the initial thickness of the fold 14, that is to say of the sheet of cellulose wadding creped before embossing.

De préférence, cette augmentation de hauteur est inférieure à la moitié de l'épaisseur de la feuille.Preferably, this increase in height is less than half the thickness of the sheet.

Après cette étape de gaufrage avec une pression modérée, le pli inférieur 14 comporte des picots 16 dont la hauteur est comprise entre 0,05 mm et 0,5 mm.After this embossing step with a moderate pressure, the lower fold 14 has pins 16 whose height is between 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm.

Comme cela sera expliqué par la suite, le pli qui vient d'être gaufré pour réaliser le motif de fond avec les micro-protubérances 16 est ensuite gaufré à nouveau pour réaliser le motif principal constitué par des macro-protubérances en cercles concentriques 18.As will be explained later, the fold that has just been embossed to make the background pattern with micro-protuberances 16 is then embossed again to achieve the main pattern constituted by macro-protuberances in concentric circles 18.

La pression de gaufrage est alors suffisante pour permettre la formation de zones annulaires bombées entre les cercles concentriques.The embossing pressure is then sufficient to allow the formation of curved annular zones between the concentric circles.

On a représenté schématiquement à la figure 12 une installation 60 pour le gaufrage et l'assemblage avec encollage des deux plis, supérieur 12 et inférieur 14, en vue de la réalisation de la feuille complexe 10.Diagrammatically shown in figure 12 an installation 60 for embossing and assembling with gluing of the two plies, upper 12 and lower 14, in order to produce the complex sheet 10.

De manière connue, la feuille d'ouate de cellulose crêpée constituant le pli 12 passe tout d'abord entre un premier cylindre gravé 62 et un cylindre associé 64 pour la réalisation du motif de gaufrage de ce pli 12. Le cylindre 64 peut être à revêtement caoutchouc ou similaire, ou bien à revêtement rigide tel que l'acier ou le papier, mais il est alors pourvu de cavités complémentaires des protubérances du cylindre gravé 62.In known manner, the creped cellulose wadding sheet constituting the fold 12 passes firstly between a first etched cylinder 62 and an associated cylinder 64 for the realization of the embossing pattern of this fold 12. The cylinder 64 may be rubber or similar coating, or with a rigid coating such as steel or paper, but it is then provided with cavities complementary to the protuberances of the engraved cylinder 62.

De la même manière, la feuille d'ouate de cellulose constituant le pli inférieur 14 passe d'abord dans une unité de micro-gaufrage 66 comportant le cylindre gravé 32 dont la surface cylindrique convexe gravée 34 est conforme aux enseignements de l'invention et qui coopère avec un cylindre associé 68 pour la réalisation du motif de fond comportant les micro-protubérances 16. De préférence le cylindre 68 est en caoutchouc.In the same manner, the sheet of cellulose wadding constituting the bottom fold 14 passes first into a micro-embossing unit 66 comprising the engraved cylinder 32, the convex cylindrical surface of which is engraved 34 in accordance with the teachings of the invention and which cooperates with an associated cylinder 68 for producing the bottom pattern comprising the micro-protuberances 16. Preferably the cylinder 68 is made of rubber.

Le pli 14 avec son micro-gaufrage 16 passe ensuite entre un troisième cylindre gravé 70 dont le motif de gravure correspond à la formation des macro-protubérances en cercles concentriques 18 et qui coopère avec un cylindre caoutchouc associé 72.The fold 14 with its micro-embossing 16 then passes between a third engraved cylinder 70 whose etching pattern corresponds to the formation of concentric circle macro-protuberances 18 and which cooperates with an associated rubber cylinder 72.

Le pli inférieur 14 avec son micro-graufrage 16 et son macro-gaufrage 18 passe ensuite en regard du cylindre gravé supérieur 62 pour permettre l'association des deux plis, en étant passé au préalable devant un cylindre d'encollage 74 appartenant à une unité 76 d'encollage, de conception connue, qui dépose de la colle sur les sommets de niveau le plus élevé par rapport au cylindre 70. Il s'agit des macro-protubérances 18.The lower fold 14 with its micro-graufrage 16 and macro-embossing 18 then passes next to the upper engraved roll 62 to allow the combination of the two folds, before passing before a sizing cylinder 74 belonging to a unit 76 sizing, of known design, which deposits the glue on the vertices of the highest level relative to the cylinder 70. These are macro-protuberances 18.

Enfin, les deux plis 12 et 14 passent devant un cylindre 78, dit cylindre marieur, qui va assurer l'association par serrage.Finally, the two folds 12 and 14 pass in front of a cylinder 78, said marrying cylinder, which will ensure the combination clamping.

L'aspect visuel obtenu pour le pli comportant le motif de fond micro-gaufré et le motif principal de décoration macro-gaufré, est nettement amélioré par rapport à un produit de l'état de la technique sans le motif de fond.The visual appearance obtained for the fold comprising the micro-embossed background pattern and the main pattern of macro-embossed decoration, is significantly improved compared to a product of the state of the art without the background pattern.

En particulier, on a appliqué le procédé à un motif principal composé de protubérances formant des cercles concentriques. Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2, le motif de fond occupe l'espace compris entre les cercles et autres éléments concentriques. Cependant l'espace entre deux protubérances adjacentes sur les cercles eux-mêmes est insuffisant pour loger une micro-protubérance. A cette condition et celles du procédé on obtient un produit dont la surface vue du côté motif de fond présente l'aspect d'anneaux en relief concentriques formant des coussinets toriques.In particular, the method has been applied to a main pattern composed of protuberances forming concentric circles. As shown on the figure 2 the background pattern occupies the space between the circles and other concentric elements. However the space between two adjacent protuberances on the circles themselves is insufficient to accommodate a micro-protuberance. In this condition and those of the process is obtained a product whose surface seen from the background pattern side has the appearance of concentric relief rings forming toric bearings.

En outre des tests ont été effectués qui montrent de façon surprenante que la résistance à la déchirure d'un tel produit n'est pas plus faible que celle d'un produit sans ce motif de fond.In addition tests have been carried out which surprisingly show that the tear strength of such a product is not lower than that of a product without this background pattern.

Les résultats de ces tests sont résumés dans le tableau ci-dessous.The results of these tests are summarized in the table below.

La première ligne donne les valeurs d'une feuille à deux plis non gaufrés. Il s'agit des valeurs de référence. Les mesures ont été faites selon les normes standard dans ce domaine.The first line gives the values of a sheet with two non-embossed folds. These are the reference values. The measurements were made according to standard standards in this area.

La seconde ligne donne les valeurs d'un produit A de l'art antérieur dont les deux plis ont été gaufrés avec le seul motif principal. Il s'agit d'un essuie-tout commercialisé sous la marque "Okay" en France et présentant un motif composé de cercles concentriques comme à la figure 2, mais sans le motif de fond. Les macro-protubérances sont au nombre de 7,6 par cm2 en moyenne.The second line gives the values of a product A of the prior art whose two plies were embossed with the single main pattern. This is a paper towel marketed under the brand "Okay" in France and having a pattern composed of concentric circles as in the figure 2 but without the background pattern. The macro-protuberances are an average of 7.6 per cm 2 .

La troisième ligne donne les valeurs d'un produit B réalisé conformément à l'invention, c'est à dire avec le même motif de gaufrage principal que le produit A ci-dessus et les mêmes conditions de gaufrage, mais avec en outre le motif de fond selon l'invention, réparti comme à la figure 2, et comportant 40 micro-protubérances par cm2.The third line gives the values of a product B produced in accordance with the invention, that is to say with the same main embossing pattern as the product A above and the same embossing conditions, but also with the pattern background according to the invention, distributed as in the figure 2 and having 40 micro-protuberances per cm 2 .

On constate que les pertes en résistance par rapport aux valeurs de référence sont du même ordre, alors que l'on s'attendait à une chute en résistance supérieure en raison du traitement supplémentaire pour réaliser le motif de fond. Epaisseur mm Ecart Résistance sèche N/m/2plis MD : CD Ecart Allongement Sens marche MD (à sec) en % Ecart Résistance humide N/m/2plis CD Ecart Absorption Afnor cm3/g
Ecart par rapport au papier de référence 2 plis non gaufrés (44,8 g/m2) 0,18 844 : 636 23 146 5,0 2 plis gaufrés art antérieur (44,6 g/m2) 0,91 632 : 308 23 78 9,2 -25% : -52% -46% +84% 2 plis gaufrés invention (44,3 g/m2) 0,91 640 : 299 22 75 9,3 -24% : -53% -48% +86% It is found that the resistance losses with respect to the reference values are of the same order, whereas it was expected to fall in higher resistance due to the additional treatment to achieve the background pattern. Thickness mm Difference Dry resistance N / m / 2plis MD: CD Difference Lengthening direction MD (dry) in% Difference Wet resistance N / m / 2plis CD Ecart Absorption Afnor cm3 / g
Deviation from reference paper 2 non-embossed folds (44.8 g / m 2 ) 0.18 844: 636 23 146 5.0 2 folds embossed prior art (44.6 g / m 2 ) 0.91 632: 308 23 78 9.2 -25%: -52% -46% + 84% 2 embossed folds invention (44.3 g / m 2 ) 0.91 640: 299 22 75 9.3 -24%: -53% -48% + 86%

On a par ailleurs procédé à une autre série d'essais pour vérifier l'efficacité de la diffusion des liquides. Le test a consisté à mesurer le temps de diffusion d'un liquide aqueux selon les directions sens marche MD et sens travers CD de la feuille de l'invention B par rapport à un produit de l'art antérieur A. Le tableau ci-dessous reprend les valeurs de diffusion en secondes sur des distances mesurées en cm, à la fois sens MD et sens CD. Sens MD ; temps de diffusion jusqu'à une distance de 8 cm. Sens CD ; temps de diffusion jusqu'à une distance de 8 cm cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A 0.7 2.3 5 9 14 20 37 49 0.4 1.7 3.7 6.2 9 14 24 32 B 0.6 2.1 5 9 14 19 35 44 0.8 2.2 4.0 7 10 15 26 33 In addition, another series of tests were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the diffusion of the liquids. The test consisted in measuring the diffusion time of an aqueous liquid in the directions MD direction and CD direction of the sheet of the invention B compared to a product of the prior art A. The table below resumes scatter values in seconds over distances measured in cm, both MD and CD direction. Sens MD; diffusion time up to a distance of 8 cm. Direction CD; diffusion time up to a distance of 8 cm cm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 AT 0.7 2.3 5 9 14 20 37 49 0.4 1.7 3.7 6.2 9 14 24 32 B 0.6 2.1 5 9 14 19 35 44 0.8 2.2 4.0 7 10 15 26 33

Les résultats montrent que le produit B selon l'invention présente une diffusion mieux répartie, sens marche et sens travers.The results show that the product B according to the invention has a better distributed distribution, direction walk and cross direction.

Des essais comparatifs ont été réalisés.Comparative tests have been carried out.

On a réalisé trois produits à partir d'un même papier tissue de caractéristiques suivantes
Grammage deux plis : 45 G/m2
Epaisseur : 0,20 mm pour une feuille à deux plis
Résistances, MD : 786 N/m, CD : 538 N/m
Résistance humide : CD 136 N/m.Three products were produced from the same tissue paper of the following characteristics
Two ply weight: 45 G / m 2
Thickness: 0.20 mm for a two-ply sheet
Resistors, MD: 786 N / m, CD: 538 N / m
Moist resistance: CD 136 N / m.

On a mesuré d'abord la résistance à l'état humide sens travers d'un produit présentant un gaufrage de fond constitué de micro-protubérances obtenues sur un cylindre dont les picots sont de forme tronconique avec un angle au sommet légèrement inférieur à 30° La densité des picots du motif de fond était de 37 par cm2.The cross-directional wet strength of a product having bottom embossing consisting of micro-protuberances obtained on a cylinder whose pips are frustoconical in shape with an apex angle slightly less than 30 ° was first measured. The density of the pins of the background pattern was 37 per cm 2 .

On a mesuré la résistance à l'état humide sens travers d'un produit avec le motif de l'art antérieur A (7,6 macro-protubérances par cm2).The cross-wise wet strength of a product with the prior art pattern A (7.6 macro-protuberances per cm 2 ) was measured.

On a mesuré la résistance à l'état humide d'un produit B réalisé conformément à l'invention.The wet strength of a product B made in accordance with the invention was measured.

Les valeurs sont respectivement de 77, 67 et 75 N/m. On constate donc que l'invention permet de réaliser un produit avec un motif principal et un motif de fond sans nuire à sa résistance.The values are respectively 77, 67 and 75 N / m. It is therefore found that the invention makes it possible to produce a product with a main pattern and a background pattern without harming its strength.

Enfin, on constate que pour un même papier tissue de départ et à résistance et épaisseur égales, une feuille conforme à l'invention est moins rigide qu'une feuille avec un simple motif de gaufrage principal. La rigidité peut être estimée au moyen d'un test panel de consommateurs ou bien à l'aide d'un modèle fondé sur des mesures de paramètres physiques appropriés.Finally, it can be seen that for the same starting tissue paper of equal strength and thickness, a sheet according to the invention is less rigid than a sheet with a simple main embossing pattern. Rigidity can be estimated by means of a consumer panel test or using a model based on appropriate physical parameter measurements.

Claims (22)

  1. An embossed sheet (10) consisting of at least one ply of crêped cellulose wadding with a grammage of between 12 and 30 g/m2 of the type with an embossed pattern (16, 18) comprising at least a first series of protuberances (16) formed so as to project from one face of the ply (14) and the density of which is greater than 20 protuberances per cm2, characterized in that each protuberance (16) of the first series comprises a truncated polyhedron-shaped base (28) and a flattened free-end portion (30) with rounded edges.
  2. The sheet as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the base (28) is a truncated polyhedron.
  3. The sheet as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the base (28) is a truncated pyramid.
  4. The sheet as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the base (28) is a regular truncated pyramid with a rectangular baseplate.
  5. The sheet as claimed in either of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that each side face of the base (28) forms an angle, with respect to the height of the truncated pyramid, which is between 30° and 45°, preferably between 35° and 45°.
  6. The sheet as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that the free-end portion (30) of the protuberance (16) comprises a central region which is substantially flat and parallel to the general plane of the sheet (14) and which is connected to the side faces of the base by connection regions with a rounded profile.
  7. The sheet as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total height of the protuberances (16) is between 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm.
  8. The sheet as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the density of the protuberances (16) is between 30 and 80 per cm2.
  9. The sheet as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protuberances (16) of the first series belong to a background pattern, and in that said at least one ply (14) comprises a second series of protuberances (18), combined with the first series in order to constitute a main pattern, in particular a decorative pattern, height in relief of which is greater than the height of the protuberances (16) of the first series.
  10. An absorbent multi-ply sheet (104) with at least two plies (12, 14) of cellulose wadding, characterized in that it comprises at least one ply (14) constructed according to any one of the preceding claims, said protuberances (16, 18) being turned toward the inside of the sheet.
  11. The sheet as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that the main pattern is formed from alignments of protuberances, the protuberances of the background pattern being arranged between said alignments.
  12. An engraved roll (32) for embossing said at least one ply (14) belonging to a sheet (10) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a series of pegs (36) in order to form the protuberances (16) belonging to said first series, characterized in that each peg (36) comprises a truncated polyhedron-shaped base (38) and a flattened free-end portion (40) with rounded edges.
  13. The roll as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the base (38) is a truncated polyhedron.
  14. The roll as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that the base (38) is a truncated pyramid.
  15. The roll as claimed in either of claims 13 and 14, characterized in that each side face of the base (38) forms an angle, with respect to the height of the truncated pyramid, which is between 30° and 45°.
  16. The roll as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the total height (H) of each peg (36) is between 0.4 and 0.6 mm.
  17. The roll as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the base (38) is a regular truncated pyramid with a rectangular baseplate, the width of which is parallel to the machine direction (MD) of the roll (32, 34).
  18. The roll as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the base (38) is a regular truncated pyramid with a rectangular baseplate, the width (42) of which is parallel to the cross direction (CD) of the roll (32, 34).
  19. The roll as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that the free-end portion (40) of the peg (36) comprises a substantially flat central region which is connected to the side faces (46, 48) of the base (38) by connection regions (50) with a rounded profile.
  20. A method of manufacturing a sheet, as claimed in one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it consists in embossing a first ply of cellulose wadding onto an engraved roll in the background pattern as claimed in one of claims 12 to 19, so as to increase its thickness by less than 50%, then next in embossing said ply in said main pattern.
  21. The method as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that said ply is combined with at least a second ply.
  22. The method as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that said second ply is pre-embossed.
EP00403285.0A 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet Expired - Lifetime EP1209289B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00403285.0A EP1209289B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet
ES00403285.0T ES2547459T3 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Sheet of creped absorbent paper, roller for embossing and manufacturing process of said sheet
CA002398309A CA2398309A1 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-15 Absorbent creped paper sheet comprising a background pattern and a main decorative pattern, and embossing roll and method for making such a sheet
PCT/FR2001/003583 WO2002042558A2 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-15 Absorbent creped paper
US10/181,977 US20030021953A1 (en) 2000-11-24 2001-11-15 Absorbent creped paper sheet comprising a background pattern and a main decorative pattern, and embossing roll and method for making such a sheet
NO20023221A NO332710B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2002-07-03 Absorbent, creped sheet of paper comprising a background sample and a decorative main sample as well as embossing roll and method for making such a sheet
US11/860,179 US20080020180A1 (en) 2000-11-24 2007-09-24 Absorbent Creped Paper Sheet Comprising a Background Pattern and a Main Decorative Pattern, and Embossing Roll and Method for Making Such a Sheet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00403285.0A EP1209289B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1209289A1 EP1209289A1 (en) 2002-05-29
EP1209289B1 true EP1209289B1 (en) 2015-09-09

Family

ID=8173951

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00403285.0A Expired - Lifetime EP1209289B1 (en) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Creped absorbent paper sheet, creping cylinder and process for making such a sheet

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US20030021953A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1209289B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2398309A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2547459T3 (en)
NO (1) NO332710B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002042558A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2547459T3 (en) 2015-10-06
WO2002042558A2 (en) 2002-05-30
NO20023221L (en) 2002-09-13
EP1209289A1 (en) 2002-05-29
WO2002042558A3 (en) 2002-09-06
US20030021953A1 (en) 2003-01-30
NO20023221D0 (en) 2002-07-03
CA2398309A1 (en) 2002-05-30
NO332710B1 (en) 2012-12-17
US20080020180A1 (en) 2008-01-24

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