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EP1299638B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1299638B1
EP1299638B1 EP01989419A EP01989419A EP1299638B1 EP 1299638 B1 EP1299638 B1 EP 1299638B1 EP 01989419 A EP01989419 A EP 01989419A EP 01989419 A EP01989419 A EP 01989419A EP 1299638 B1 EP1299638 B1 EP 1299638B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swirl
fuel injection
injection valve
fuel
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01989419A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1299638A1 (en
Inventor
Fevzi Yildirim
Guenther Hohl
Michael Huebel
Norbert Keim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1299638A1 publication Critical patent/EP1299638A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1299638B1 publication Critical patent/EP1299638B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injector according to the genus of the main claim.
  • DE 197 36 682 A1 describes a fuel injector for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Internal combustion engine known, which at the downstream end the fuel injector a guide and Seating area of three disc-shaped Elements is formed.
  • a swirl element between a guide element and a valve seat element embedded.
  • the guide element serves to guide it protruding, axially movable valve needle, while a Valve closing section of the valve needle with a Valve seat surface of the valve seat element cooperates.
  • the Swirl element has an inner opening area multiple swirl channels that are not related to the outer circumference of the swirl element are connected. The whole Opening area extends completely over the axial Thickness of the swirl element.
  • a disadvantage of that from the above publication known fuel injector is in particular the fixed twist angle that is not the different operating conditions such as partial and Full load operation of an internal combustion engine can be adapted can. This also allows the cone opening angle of the injected mixture cloud not to the different Operating conditions are adjusted, which leads to inhomogeneities of combustion, increased fuel consumption and increased Exhaust emissions leads.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the has characteristic features of the main claim on the other hand the advantage that the swirl depends on Operating state of the internal combustion engine is adjustable, whereby a the operating state of the internal combustion engine adapted beam pattern can be generated. This allows the mixture formation and the combustion process are optimized become.
  • the beam opening angle is influenced advantageously about the pressure of that Fuel injector flowing through fuel, the a change in cross section of the swirl channels by a causes elastic membrane according to the operating state and thereby directly influencing the twist intensity allows.
  • the training of the Membrane as a disc-shaped membrane that between the Swirl disc and a guide disc is arranged.
  • This Embodiment is particularly light and inexpensive can be manufactured and for any shape of swirl disc applicable.
  • Another advantage is that the disc-shaped membrane is connected to the outside of the guide washer because leakage losses can thereby be avoided.
  • the membrane can advantageously also be elastic Be executed on any layer Side surface of the swirl channel can be arranged.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 embodiments of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention closer should be described for a better understanding of the Invention first with reference to FIG. 1 the invention Fuel injector 1 in an overall view explained briefly with regard to its essential components become.
  • the fuel injector 1 is in the form of a Fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Running internal combustion engines.
  • the Fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for not directly injecting fuel into one Shown combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, in which the valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, the one arranged on a valve seat body 5 Valve seat surface 6 cooperates to form a sealing seat.
  • Fuel injector 1 is in the Embodiment around an inward opening Fuel injector 1, which has at least one Spray opening 7 has.
  • the nozzle body 2 is through a Seal 8 against the outer pole 9 of a magnetic circuit sealed.
  • a solenoid 10 is in a coil housing 11 encapsulated and wound on a bobbin 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic circuit.
  • the Inner pole 13 and outer pole 9 are through a gap 26 separated from each other and are based on one Connecting component 29 from.
  • the solenoid 10 is a Line 19 from via an electrical plug contact 17th supplyable electric current excited.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which on Inner pole 13 can be molded.
  • the valve needle 3 is in a valve needle guide 14 led, which is disc-shaped.
  • a paired shim 15 is used for stroke adjustment the other side of the shim 15 is a Anchor 20.
  • This stands over a first flange 21 non-positively in connection with the valve needle 3, which through a weld seam 22 with the first flange 21 connected is.
  • One is supported on the first flange 21 Return spring 23, which in the present design of the Fuel injector 1 through a sleeve 24 Bias is brought.
  • a second flange 31, which with the valve needle 3 over a weld 33 is connected serves as the lower one Armature stop.
  • a guide washer 35 is located on the inlet side of the sealing seat trained for a central alignment of the Valve needle 3 ensures and thus tilting the Valve needle 3 and subsequent inaccuracies in the counteracts the metered amount of fuel.
  • Swirl disk 34 is arranged between the Guide disc 35 and the valve seat body 5 , which has swirl channels 36.
  • a membrane 37 is provided, which preferably consists of a elastic material exists and which under the influence of system pressure prevailing in fuel injector 1 is deformable.
  • valve needle guide 14 in the armature 20 and in the Guide disc 35 run fuel channels 30a to 30c.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 supplied and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • the Fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 a fuel line, not shown sealed.
  • valve needle 3 If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 falls sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the Return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 is in operative connection with the flange 21 moved against the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 will thereby moving in the same direction, causing the Valve closing body 4 is placed on the valve seat 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a exemplary swirl disk 34, which the below membrane 37 according to the invention described is particularly simple and effectively supported.
  • the swirl disk 34 has in present exemplary embodiment four swirl channels 36, that tangent to a center of the swirl disk 34 are offset.
  • the offset of the swirl channels 36 and theirs radial length, their number and arrangement are included any.
  • the cross section of the swirl channels 36 is directed according to the fuel pressure and the requirements for the Swirl intensity and can be achieved by simple changes in the Width of the swirl channels 36 or the axial thickness of the Swirl disk 34 and through the membrane 37 according to the invention be adjusted.
  • Fig. 3 shows an excerpted sectional view Section of the swirl disk 34 shown in FIG. 2 of the fuel injector 1 according to the invention Area III in Fig. 2.
  • the one shown in FIG. 3, for example cuboid Swirl channel 36 has a cover plate similar to the end the membrane 37, which covers the swirl channel 36.
  • the Membrane 37 can be a disk-shaped membrane 37a between the swirl disk 34 and the guide disk 35 be arranged or in the form of an elastic layer 37b on one end of the swirl disk 34 facing the Guide disc 35 may be formed.
  • the arrow indicates the direction of flow of the fuel.
  • the arrangement of the Membrane 37 is not on the position between the Guide disk 35 and the swirl disk 34 limited, but can in principle be used on any of the radial ones Side surfaces 41 take place.
  • the disc-shaped formation and the arrangement between the swirl disk 34 and the Guide disc 35 is due to the particularly simple shape and Arrangement type as a preferred embodiment shown.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate the operation of the disc-shaped membrane 37a or the elastic layer 37b.
  • the membrane 37a or the layer 37b is in the 4A and 4B each shown above.
  • Fig. 4A the operation of the disc-shaped Diaphragm 37a is shown schematically.
  • the swirl channel 36 is thereby in a side sectional view along the in Fig. 2 indicated line IV-IV shown.
  • the disc-shaped Membrane 37a is between the swirl disk 34 and the Guide disc 35 arranged and to avoid Leakage losses with the guide disc 35 on a radial outer edge 40 of the guide plate 35 glued or welded.
  • FIG. 4B shows the same view as FIG. 4A elastic layer 37b made membrane 37.
  • 4A is the elastic shown in FIG. 4B
  • Layer 37b is not a loose disc between the swirl disc 34 and the guide disc 35, but in the form one on the outlet end 38 of the Guide disc 35 formed elastic layer 37b, in its entire extent with the guide disc 35 connected, executed.
  • the invention is not shown on the Embodiments limited and especially in Fuel injectors 1 with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators 10 and in any form of Swirl disks 34 with swirl channels 36 of any shape applicable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on a fuel injector according to the genus of the main claim.

Aus der DE 197 36 682 A1 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in den Brennraum einer gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welches am stromabwärtigen Ende des Brennstoffeinspritzventils einen Führungs- und Sitzbereich aufweist, der von drei scheibenförmigen Elementen gebildet wird. Dabei ist ein Drallelement zwischen einem Führungselement und einem Ventilsitzelement eingebettet. Das Führungselement dient der Führung einer es durchragenden, axial beweglichen Ventilnadel, während ein Ventilschließabschnitt der Ventilnadel mit einer Ventilsitzfläche des Ventilsitzelements zusammenwirkt. Das Drallelement weist einen inneren Öffnungsbereich mit mehreren Drallkanälen auf, die nicht mit dem äußeren Umfang des Drallelements in Verbindung stehen. Der gesamte Öffnungsbereich erstreckt sich vollständig über die axiale Dicke des Drallelements.DE 197 36 682 A1 describes a fuel injector for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber a mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Internal combustion engine known, which at the downstream end the fuel injector a guide and Seating area of three disc-shaped Elements is formed. There is a swirl element between a guide element and a valve seat element embedded. The guide element serves to guide it protruding, axially movable valve needle, while a Valve closing section of the valve needle with a Valve seat surface of the valve seat element cooperates. The Swirl element has an inner opening area multiple swirl channels that are not related to the outer circumference of the swirl element are connected. The whole Opening area extends completely over the axial Thickness of the swirl element.

Nachteilig bei dem aus der obengenannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere der festeingestellte Drallwinkel, der nicht den unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen wie Teil- und Vollastbetrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine angepaßt werden kann. Dadurch kann auch der Kegelöffnungswinkel der eingespritzten Gemischwolke nicht an die verschiedenen Betriebszustände angepaßt werden, was zu Inhomogenitäten bei der Verbrennung, erhöhtem Brennstoffverbrauch sowie erhöhter Abgasemission führt.A disadvantage of that from the above publication known fuel injector is in particular the fixed twist angle that is not the different operating conditions such as partial and Full load operation of an internal combustion engine can be adapted can. This also allows the cone opening angle of the injected mixture cloud not to the different Operating conditions are adjusted, which leads to inhomogeneities of combustion, increased fuel consumption and increased Exhaust emissions leads.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß der Drall abhängig vom Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine einstellbar ist, wodurch ein dem Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine angepaßtes Strahlbild erzeugt werden kann. Dadurch können die Gemischbildung sowie das Brennverfahren optimiert werden.The fuel injector according to the invention with the has characteristic features of the main claim on the other hand the advantage that the swirl depends on Operating state of the internal combustion engine is adjustable, whereby a the operating state of the internal combustion engine adapted beam pattern can be generated. This allows the mixture formation and the combustion process are optimized become.

Die Einflußnahme auf den Strahlöffnungswinkel erfolgt dabei vorteilhafterweise über den Druck des das Brennstoffeinspritzventil durchströmenden Brennstoffs, der eine Querschnittsänderung der Drallkanäle durch eine elastische Membran gemäß dem Betriebszustand bewirkt und dadurch eine direkte Einflußnahme auf die Drallintensität ermöglicht.The beam opening angle is influenced advantageously about the pressure of that Fuel injector flowing through fuel, the a change in cross section of the swirl channels by a causes elastic membrane according to the operating state and thereby directly influencing the twist intensity allows.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments and improvements in Main claim specified fuel injector possible.

Von Vorteil ist dabei insbesondere die Ausbildung der Membran als scheibenförmige Membran, die zwischen der Drallscheibe und einer Führungsscheibe angeordnet ist. Diese Ausführungsform ist besonders leicht und kostengünstig herstellbar und für beliebige Formen von Drallscheiben anwendbar. The training of the Membrane as a disc-shaped membrane that between the Swirl disc and a guide disc is arranged. This Embodiment is particularly light and inexpensive can be manufactured and for any shape of swirl disc applicable.

Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, daß die scheibenförmige Membran mit der Außenseite der Führungsscheibe verbunden ist, da dadurch Leckverluste vermieden werden.Another advantage is that the disc-shaped membrane is connected to the outside of the guide washer because leakage losses can thereby be avoided.

Vorteilhafterweise kann die Membran auch als elastische Schicht ausgeführt sein, die an einer beliebigen Seitenfläche des Drallkanals angeordnet sein kann.The membrane can advantageously also be elastic Be executed on any layer Side surface of the swirl channel can be arranged.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen axialen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Ansicht einer beispielhaften Drallscheibe des in Fig. 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Ansicht eines Drallkanals der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Drallscheibe, und
Fig. 4A-4B
eine schematische Darstellung der Funktionsweise des ersten und eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer an der Drallscheibe angeordneten Membran.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
3 shows an axial section through an exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention,
Fig. 2
2 shows a schematic view of an exemplary swirl disk of the fuel injection valve shown in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
is a schematic view of a swirl channel of the swirl disk shown in Fig. 2, and
4A-4B
is a schematic representation of the operation of the first and a second embodiment of a membrane arranged on the swirl disk.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Bevor anhand der Figuren 2 bis 4 Ausführungsbeispiele eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 näher beschrieben werden, soll zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung zunächst anhand von Fig. 1 das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 in einer Gesamtdarstellung bezüglich seiner wesentlichen Bauteile kurz erläutert werden.Before using FIGS. 2 to 4 embodiments of a fuel injector 1 according to the invention closer should be described for a better understanding of the Invention first with reference to FIG. 1 the invention Fuel injector 1 in an overall view explained briefly with regard to its essential components become.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.The fuel injector 1 is in the form of a Fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited Running internal combustion engines. The Fuel injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for not directly injecting fuel into one Shown combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 umfaßt einen Düsenkörper 2, in welchem die Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 in Wirkverbindung, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über mindestens eine Abspritzöffnung 7 verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen den Außenpol 9 eines Magnetkreises abgedichtet. Eine Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 des Magnetkreises anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The fuel injection valve 1 comprises a nozzle body 2, in which the valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4, the one arranged on a valve seat body 5 Valve seat surface 6 cooperates to form a sealing seat. In which Fuel injector 1 is in the Embodiment around an inward opening Fuel injector 1, which has at least one Spray opening 7 has. The nozzle body 2 is through a Seal 8 against the outer pole 9 of a magnetic circuit sealed. A solenoid 10 is in a coil housing 11 encapsulated and wound on a bobbin 12, which bears against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic circuit. The Inner pole 13 and outer pole 9 are through a gap 26 separated from each other and are based on one Connecting component 29 from. The solenoid 10 is a Line 19 from via an electrical plug contact 17th supplyable electric current excited. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 18, which on Inner pole 13 can be molded.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is in a valve needle guide 14 led, which is disc-shaped. to A paired shim 15 is used for stroke adjustment the other side of the shim 15 is a Anchor 20. This stands over a first flange 21 non-positively in connection with the valve needle 3, which through a weld seam 22 with the first flange 21 connected is. One is supported on the first flange 21 Return spring 23, which in the present design of the Fuel injector 1 through a sleeve 24 Bias is brought.

Ein zweiter Flansch 31, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 über eine Schweißnaht 33 verbunden ist, dient als unterer Ankeranschlag. Ein elastischer Zwischenring 32, welcher auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 aufliegt, vermeidet Prellen beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1.A second flange 31, which with the valve needle 3 over a weld 33 is connected serves as the lower one Armature stop. An elastic intermediate ring 32, which on rests on the second flange 31, prevents bouncing when Closing the fuel injector 1.

Zulaufseitig des Dichtsitzes ist eine Führungsscheibe 35 ausgebildet, die für eine mittige Ausrichtung der Ventilnadel 3 sorgt und somit einem Verkanten der Ventilnadel 3 und nachfolgenden Ungenauigkeiten in der zugemessenen Brennstoffmenge entgegenwirkt. Zwischen der Führungsscheibe 35 und dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 ist eine Drallscheibe 34 angeordnet, welche Drallkanäle 36 aufweist. Zwischen der Führungsscheibe 35 und der Drallscheibe 34 ist eine Membran 37 vorgesehen, die vorzugsweise aus einem elastischen Material besteht und die unter dem Einfluß des im Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 herrschenden Systemdrucks verformbar ist. Eine detaillierte Darstellung der Membran 37 und ihrer Funktionsweise ist den Fig. 3 und 4 zu entnehmen.A guide washer 35 is located on the inlet side of the sealing seat trained for a central alignment of the Valve needle 3 ensures and thus tilting the Valve needle 3 and subsequent inaccuracies in the counteracts the metered amount of fuel. Between the Guide disc 35 and the valve seat body 5 is one Swirl disk 34 is arranged, which has swirl channels 36. Is between the guide disc 35 and the swirl disc 34 a membrane 37 is provided, which preferably consists of a elastic material exists and which under the influence of system pressure prevailing in fuel injector 1 is deformable. A detailed representation of membrane 37 and their mode of operation can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 sowie in der Führungsscheibe 35 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a bis 30c. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffleitung abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and in the Guide disc 35 run fuel channels 30a to 30c. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 supplied and filtered by a filter element 25. The Fuel injector 1 is against by a seal 28 a fuel line, not shown sealed.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 am Ventilsitz 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab und der Brennstoff wird abgespritzt.In the idle state of the fuel injector 1 Armature 20 from the return spring 23 against it Direction of stroke applied so that the valve closing body 4th is held at the valve seat 6 in a sealing system. at Excitation of the magnetic coil 10 builds up a magnetic field, which the armature 20 against the spring force of Return spring 23 moves in the stroke direction, the stroke by one in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the Anchor 20 located working gap 27 is specified. The Armature 20 takes flange 21, which is connected to valve needle 3 is welded, also in the stroke direction. The one with the Valve needle 3 valve closing body in operative connection 4 lifts off the valve seat 6 and the fuel is hosed.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is switched off, the armature 20 falls sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the Return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the the valve needle 3 is in operative connection with the flange 21 moved against the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 will thereby moving in the same direction, causing the Valve closing body 4 is placed on the valve seat 6 and the fuel injector 1 is closed.

Fig. 2 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine beispielhafte Drallscheibe 34, die die weiter unten beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Membran 37 besonders einfach und effektiv unterstützt. Die Drallscheibe 34 weist dabei im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel vier Drallkanäle 36 auf, die tangential zu einem Mittelpunkt der Drallscheibe 34 versetzt sind. Der Versatz der Drallkanäle 36 sowie ihre radiale Länge, ihre Anzahl und Anordnung sind dabei beliebig. Der Querschnitt der Drallkanäle 36 richtet sich nach dem Brennstoffdruck und den Anforderungen an die Drallintensität und kann durch einfache Veränderungen in der Breite der Drallkanäle 36 bzw. der axialen Dicke der Drallscheibe 34 sowie durch die erfindungsgemäße Membran 37 angepaßt werden.Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a exemplary swirl disk 34, which the below membrane 37 according to the invention described is particularly simple and effectively supported. The swirl disk 34 has in present exemplary embodiment four swirl channels 36, that tangent to a center of the swirl disk 34 are offset. The offset of the swirl channels 36 and theirs radial length, their number and arrangement are included any. The cross section of the swirl channels 36 is directed according to the fuel pressure and the requirements for the Swirl intensity and can be achieved by simple changes in the Width of the swirl channels 36 or the axial thickness of the Swirl disk 34 and through the membrane 37 according to the invention be adjusted.

Die Drallkanäle 36 münden in eine Drallkammer 39 ein, die von der Ventilnadel 3 durchgriffen wird. Die Drallkammer 39 sollte so dimensioniert sein, daß die Drallströmung möglichst homogen bleibt und das Totvolumen so klein wie möglich gehalten wird. Fig. 3 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung einen Ausschnitt aus der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Drallscheibe 34 des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 im Bereich III in Fig. 2.The swirl channels 36 open into a swirl chamber 39 which is penetrated by the valve needle 3. The swirl chamber 39 should be dimensioned so that the swirl flow remains as homogeneous as possible and the dead volume is as small as is kept possible. Fig. 3 shows an excerpted sectional view Section of the swirl disk 34 shown in FIG. 2 of the fuel injector 1 according to the invention Area III in Fig. 2.

Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte, beispielsweise quaderförmige Drallkanal 36 weist ähnlich einer Deckelplatte als Abschluß die Membran 37 auf, die den Drallkanal 36 abdeckt. Die Membran 37 kann dabei als scheibenförmige Membran 37a zwischen der Drallscheibe 34 und der Führungsscheibe 35 angeordnet sein oder in Form einer elastischen Schicht 37b an einer der Drallscheibe 34 zugewandten Stirnseite der Führungsscheibe 35 ausgebildet sein. Der Pfeil bezeichnet die Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs. Die Anordnung der Membran 37 ist dabei nicht auf die Position zwischen der Führungsscheibe 35 und der Drallscheibe 34 beschränkt, sondern kann im Prinzip an jeder der radial verlaufenden Seitenflächen 41 erfolgen. Die scheibenförmige Ausbildung und die Anordnung zwischen der Drallscheibe 34 und der Führungsscheibe 35 ist durch die besonders einfache Form und Anordnungsart als bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt.The one shown in FIG. 3, for example cuboid Swirl channel 36 has a cover plate similar to the end the membrane 37, which covers the swirl channel 36. The Membrane 37 can be a disk-shaped membrane 37a between the swirl disk 34 and the guide disk 35 be arranged or in the form of an elastic layer 37b on one end of the swirl disk 34 facing the Guide disc 35 may be formed. The arrow indicates the direction of flow of the fuel. The arrangement of the Membrane 37 is not on the position between the Guide disk 35 and the swirl disk 34 limited, but can in principle be used on any of the radial ones Side surfaces 41 take place. The disc-shaped formation and the arrangement between the swirl disk 34 and the Guide disc 35 is due to the particularly simple shape and Arrangement type as a preferred embodiment shown.

Fig. 4A und 4B verdeutlichen die Funktionsweise der scheibenförmigen Membran 37a bzw. der elastischen Schicht 37b. Die Membran 37a bzw. die Schicht 37b ist dabei in der Fig. 4A bzw. 4B jeweils oben dargestellt.4A and 4B illustrate the operation of the disc-shaped membrane 37a or the elastic layer 37b. The membrane 37a or the layer 37b is in the 4A and 4B each shown above.

In Fig. 4A ist die Funktionsweise der scheibenförmigen Membran 37a schematisch dargestellt. Der Drallkanal 36 ist dabei in einer seitlichen Schnittansicht entlang der in Fig. 2 angedeuteten Linie IV-IV dargestellt. Die scheibenförmige Membran 37a ist zwischen der Drallscheibe 34 und der Führungsscheibe 35 angeordnet und zur Vermeidung von Leckverlusten mit der Führungsscheibe 35 an einem radial äußeren Rand 40 der Führungsscheibe 35 verklebt oder verschweißt. In Fig. 4A, the operation of the disc-shaped Diaphragm 37a is shown schematically. The swirl channel 36 is thereby in a side sectional view along the in Fig. 2 indicated line IV-IV shown. The disc-shaped Membrane 37a is between the swirl disk 34 and the Guide disc 35 arranged and to avoid Leakage losses with the guide disc 35 on a radial outer edge 40 of the guide plate 35 glued or welded.

Während des Betriebs des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durchströmt Brennstoff den Drallkanal 36 von radial außen nach radial innen. Dabei wird je nach Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffs ein unterschiedlich starker hydrodynamischer Druck auf die scheibenförmige Membran 37a erzeugt, der dazu führt, daß diese nach unten gezogen wird und dadurch der Querschnitt des Drallkanals 36 verkleinert wird. Dies wiederum führt zu einer Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Brennstoffs. Der Zustand stabilisiert sich, sobald ein Kräftegleichgewicht erreicht ist.During operation of the fuel injector 1 fuel flows through the swirl duct 36 from the radially outside radially inwards. It will depend on Flow rate of the fuel a different strong hydrodynamic pressure on the disc-shaped Membrane 37a generated, which causes this down is pulled and thereby the cross section of the swirl channel 36 is reduced. This in turn leads to an increase in Flow rate of the fuel. The state stabilizes as soon as a balance of forces is reached is.

Strömt der Brennstoff langsam durch einen großen Querschnitt, ist die in der Drallkammer 39 hervorgerufene Drallströmung nur schwach ausgeprägt, wodurch eine in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzte Gemischwolke einen geringen Strahlöffnungswinkel aufweist. Dementsprechend hoch ist die Penetration der Gemischwolke, was den Anforderungen an die Form und Stöchiometrie der Gemischwolke im Teillastbetrieb entspricht.The fuel slowly flows through a large one Cross-section is that produced in the swirl chamber 39 Swirl flow is only weakly pronounced, resulting in a Combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine injected mixture cloud has a small beam opening angle. The penetration of the mixture cloud is correspondingly high, what the requirements for the shape and stoichiometry of the Mixture cloud in partial load operation corresponds.

Wird die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erhöht, was dem Vollastbetrieb des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 entspricht, erfährt die scheibenförmige Membran 37a bedingt durch eine Verschiebung des wirkenden Kräfteverhältnisses eine Verformung, die die axiale Ausdehnung des Drallkanals 36 abnehmen läßt. Entsprechend nimmt in der Folge die Geschwindigkeit des die Drallkanäle 36 durchströmenden Brennstoffs weiter zu, wodurch auch der Drall verstärkt wird. Dadurch kommt es zu einer Aufweitung der in den Brennraum eingespritzten Gemischwolke, die somit einen größeren Strahlöffnungswinkel aufweist und den Brennraum homogen mit einem zündfähigen Gemisch ausfüllt.If the flow rate is increased, what the Corresponds to full load operation of fuel injector 1, experiences the disc-shaped membrane 37a due to a Shift in the effective balance of forces Deformation that defines the axial extent of the swirl channel 36 can lose weight. Accordingly, the Speed of the swirl channels 36 flowing through Fuel continues to increase, which also increases the swirl becomes. This leads to an expansion in the Combustion chamber injected mixture cloud, which is therefore a has a larger beam opening angle and the combustion chamber filled homogeneously with an ignitable mixture.

Fig. 4B zeigt in gleicher Ansicht wie Fig. 4A die als elastische Schicht 37b ausgeführte Membran 37. Im Gegensatz zu Fig. 4A ist die in Fig. 4B dargestellte elastische Schicht 37b nicht als lose Scheibe zwischen der Drallscheibe 34 und der Führungsscheibe 35 angeordnet, sondern in Form einer an der ablaufseitigen Stirnseite 38 der Führungsscheibe 35 ausgebildeten elastischen Schicht 37b, die in ihrer gesamten Ausdehnung mit der Führungsscheibe 35 verbunden ist, ausgeführt.FIG. 4B shows the same view as FIG. 4A elastic layer 37b made membrane 37. In contrast 4A is the elastic shown in FIG. 4B Layer 37b is not a loose disc between the swirl disc 34 and the guide disc 35, but in the form one on the outlet end 38 of the Guide disc 35 formed elastic layer 37b, in its entire extent with the guide disc 35 connected, executed.

Die Funktionsweise ist dementsprechend umgekehrt zu derjenigen des in Fig. 4A dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels. Steigt nämlich der Brennstoffdruck im Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 während des Betriebs an, wird die elastische Schicht 37b entgegen der Strömungsrichtung mit in der Folge größeren Querschnitten der Drallkanäle 36 verformt. Dies ist dadurch bedingt, daß die mit der abströmseitigen Stirnseite 38 fest verbundene elastische Schicht 37b bei einer Erhöhung des Brennstoffdrucks verdrängt bzw. zusammengedrückt wird.The mode of operation is reversed accordingly that of the one shown in Fig. 4A Embodiment. Namely, increases the fuel pressure in the Fuel injector 1 is on during operation the elastic layer 37b against the flow direction with subsequently larger cross sections of the swirl channels 36 deformed. This is due to the fact that with the downstream end face 38 firmly connected elastic Layer 37b with an increase in fuel pressure is displaced or compressed.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und insbesondere auch bei Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 mit piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktoren 10 und bei beliebigen Formen von Drallscheiben 34 mit beliebig geformten Drallkanälen 36 anwendbar.The invention is not shown on the Embodiments limited and especially in Fuel injectors 1 with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators 10 and in any form of Swirl disks 34 with swirl channels 36 of any shape applicable.

Claims (8)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1), in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of a mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engine, with an actuator (10), a valve needle (3) which can be actuated by the actuator (10) for actuating a valve closing body (4), which together with a valve-seat face (6) forms a sealing seat, and with a swirl plate (34), which has at least one swirl duct (36), characterized in that an elastic membrane (37) is arranged on the swirl plate (34) in such a way that a metering cross-section of the at least one swirl duct (36) is variable according to a fuel pressure prevailing in the fuel injection valve (1) during operation.
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the membrane (37) forms at least one side face (41) of the at least one swirl duct (36).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic membrane (37) is made in the form of a disc-shaped membrane (37a).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the disc-shaped membrane (37a) is arranged between the swirl plate (34) and a guide plate (35), arranged on the inflow side of the swirl plate (34).
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 4, characterized in that the disc-shaped membrane (37a) is connected to the guide plate (35) at least at a radially outer rim (40).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a cross section of the at least one swirl duct (36) decreases with increasing fuel pressure through the disc-shaped membrane (37a).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the membrane (37) is formed as an elastic layer (37b).
  8. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 7, characterized in that a cross section of the least one swirl duct (36) increases with increasing fuel pressure through the elastic layer (37a).
EP01989419A 2000-12-19 2001-12-15 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1299638B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10063259 2000-12-19
DE10063259A DE10063259A1 (en) 2000-12-19 2000-12-19 Fuel injector
PCT/DE2001/004751 WO2002050427A1 (en) 2000-12-19 2001-12-15 Fuel injection valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299638A1 EP1299638A1 (en) 2003-04-09
EP1299638B1 true EP1299638B1 (en) 2004-05-26

Family

ID=7667764

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01989419A Expired - Lifetime EP1299638B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2001-12-15 Fuel injection valve

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20050072864A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1299638B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004516409A (en)
DE (2) DE10063259A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002050427A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5880872B2 (en) * 2013-01-14 2016-03-09 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection valve and fuel injection device

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4756508A (en) * 1985-02-21 1988-07-12 Ford Motor Company Silicon valve
US4647013A (en) * 1985-02-21 1987-03-03 Ford Motor Company Silicon valve
DE19736682A1 (en) * 1997-08-22 1999-02-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector for internal combustion engine
US5996912A (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-12-07 Siemens Automotive Corporation Flat needle for pressurized swirl fuel injector
US6145496A (en) * 1998-04-07 2000-11-14 Siemens Automotive Corporation Fuel injector with porous element for atomizing fuel under air pressure
JP2000055226A (en) * 1998-08-03 2000-02-22 Zexel Corp Fluid injection valve
AU741787B2 (en) * 1998-08-27 2001-12-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
US6168098B1 (en) * 1999-06-09 2001-01-02 Siemens Automotive Corporation Fuel injector with tubular lower needle guide
DE10034445A1 (en) * 2000-07-15 2002-01-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50102422D1 (en) 2004-07-01
US20050072864A1 (en) 2005-04-07
DE10063259A1 (en) 2002-07-11
EP1299638A1 (en) 2003-04-09
WO2002050427A1 (en) 2002-06-27
JP2004516409A (en) 2004-06-03

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