[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

EP1277014A1 - Steam injector - Google Patents

Steam injector

Info

Publication number
EP1277014A1
EP1277014A1 EP01940343A EP01940343A EP1277014A1 EP 1277014 A1 EP1277014 A1 EP 1277014A1 EP 01940343 A EP01940343 A EP 01940343A EP 01940343 A EP01940343 A EP 01940343A EP 1277014 A1 EP1277014 A1 EP 1277014A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
water
housing
tube
inlet opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01940343A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Fröb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Petrick & Wolf Energietechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Petrick & Wolf Energietechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Petrick & Wolf Energietechnik GmbH filed Critical Petrick & Wolf Energietechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1277014A1 publication Critical patent/EP1277014A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00District heating systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231265Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2321Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by moving liquid and gas in counter current
    • B01F23/23211Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by moving liquid and gas in counter current the liquid flowing in a thin film to absorb the gas
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/2366Parts; Accessories
    • B01F23/2368Mixing receptacles, e.g. tanks, vessels or reactors, being completely closed, e.g. hermetically closed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2376Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
    • B01F23/23767Introducing steam or damp in liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/29Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D1/00Steam central heating systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17District heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water.
  • the invention relates to such an injector, as used in connection with a method according to German Patent 44 32 464, which discloses a method for heating heating or process water by means of steam from the steam network of a long-distance line, in which the Steam is injected into the water to be heated in the circuit, the amount of steam to be injected into the water being controlled by (outside) temperature-controlled removal of water or condensate into the condensate line of the steam network.
  • the invention relates to such an injector as used in connection with the device for injecting steam into flowing water with the device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water according to registered German Utility Model No.
  • the invention has for its object to introduce steam in the smallest particles in flowing water and thus to allow a completely silent condensation. It must be ensured that the quantity variability from 0 to 100% is always maintained and that the pressure drop between the steam line and the water to be heated does not exceed system-specific values.
  • a device for injecting steam into flowing water with an essentially closed housing, a mixing space within the housing in which the steam is mixed with the water to be heated, in each case a water inlet opening and a water outlet opening in the housing, the water from the water inlet opening is led via the mixing chamber to the water outlet opening, a steam chamber within the housing, a steam inlet opening in the housing, the steam being conducted from the steam inlet opening into the steam chamber, a partition wall between the steam chamber and the mixing chamber, a large number of pores for passage in the partition wall of the steam are formed in the mixing chamber, the pore sizes being designed so that only the smallest steam particles penetrate the partition, with a suitable choice of the grain size be cooled and condensed immediately upon contact with the water flowing on the wall surface. Noises do not occur during this process.
  • the steam ensures not only the heat transfer but also the static pressure maintenance in the water system, so that no local evaporation of the water can occur there. If the steam flows through the tube, there is a pressure loss that reduces the steam pressure that is available in the water space for maintaining pressure. However, pressure maintenance is necessary because the temperatures of the heated water can usually be above 100 ° C.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system for heating water by means of steam from the steam network of a district heating system, in which an injector according to the invention is installed, and
  • Figure 2 is a partially sectioned side view of a preferred injector according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 Superheated steam from a steam line 110 of a steam network of a district heating system is supplied to a circuit line for heating water, which is designated as a whole by the reference number 100 and is completely vented, via an injector 402 according to the invention.
  • a shut-off valve 104 On A shut-off valve 104, a manometer 106 and a thermometer 108 are arranged in front of the injector 402 of the steam line 110.
  • a vent valve 114 is arranged on the circuit line.
  • the adjoining line section 118 of the circuit line can be referred to as the flow of the building heating, and a thermostatic switch 120, a sensor 122, a pressure switch 124 and a safety valve 126 are arranged one after the other.
  • the heating water After flowing through the heated heating water through the heat consumers (radiators), which are not shown, the heating water returns via the line section 128 to be referred to as the return line, a manometer 130 and then an emptying valve 132 being arranged on this line section.
  • the cooled heating water is then returned to the injector 402 via a circulation pump 134, a non-return valve 136 and a throttle valve 138.
  • the condensate line 112 branches off between the check valve 136 and the throttle valve 138, via which the condensate is returned to the district heating network. Viewed in the direction of flow of the condensate, the condensate line 112 a shut-off valve 140, a motor-operated temperature controller 142, a flow differential pressure controller 144, a non-return valve 146 and a further shut-off valve 148 are arranged one behind the other.
  • a manometer 150 is located between the check valve 146 and the shut-off valve 148.
  • a heat meter 152 is arranged, which works in a known manner with a sensor 154 or 156 attached to the line section 118 (flow) and 128 (return).
  • Control module designates which the operation of the system depending on the outside temperature, cf. Outside sensor 160, controls.
  • German Patent 44 32 464 Reference is made below to FIG. 2, which shows a preferred embodiment of the injector according to the invention in detail.
  • the injector 402 according to the invention is installed in the heating system in the position shown in FIG. 2, that is to say in the upright position.
  • the injector 402 comprises an essentially cylindrical housing 404 with an upper housing half 406 and a lower housing half 408, both housing halves being flanged together by means of flanges 410, 412.
  • the housing 404 has a substantially cylindrical cavity 414 and, with the exception of the openings described below, is closed on all sides.
  • a water inlet opening 416 is defined, which is connected via the pipe socket 418 to the line section of the circuit line 100 from FIG. 1, which leads to the throttle valve 138.
  • a water outlet opening 420 which is formed radially to the central axis of the housing and is connected via a pipe socket 422 to the line section of the circuit line 100 leading to the vent valve 114 (FIG. 1).
  • the opening 420 is located in the upper region of the housing 404, but is spaced from the upper end of the cavity 414 for the reasons described below.
  • a steam inlet opening 424 is formed at the upper end of the housing 404 and is connected to the steam line 110 via an angled pipe socket 426.
  • a steam pipe section extends downward from the steam inlet opening 424 and ends in a weld-on sleeve 428, which ends at the level of the parting plane between the upper and lower housing halves 406 and 408.
  • a tube 430 is connected tightly to the welding sleeve 428.
  • the cylindrical tube 430 which is open on both sides, runs coaxially to the axis of the cylindrical cavity 414 of the housing 404 and extends to near the lower end of the cavity 414 and has an inside diameter di and an outside diameter d a .
  • the cylindrical tube 430 which is preferably made of ceramic or sintered metal, has a multiplicity of pores 450, which are shown in FIG. 2 as points of the dotted surface.
  • a threaded piece 452 For the tight connection of the tube 430, a threaded piece 452, seals 444, washers 434, a threaded rod 448, which has three welded-on brackets 446 at one end and a thread at the other end, and a hexagon nut 432 are required.
  • the threaded piece 452 is screwed into the welded socket 428.
  • the threaded rod 448 runs coaxially to the axis of the cylindrical cavity 414 of the housing 404, the three claws 446 touching the threaded piece 452, so that the threaded rod 448 is fixed. Between the threaded piece 452 and the cylindrical tube 432 there is a circular seal 444.
  • a vent dome 436 is formed, which is defined by the cavity above the water outlet opening 420.
  • the dome bottom of the vent dome 436 is provided with a steam vent 438.
  • the flow rate of the water to be heated is chosen so large that the temperature at the water outlet clearly falls below the saturation temperature.
  • the injector comprises a central cylindrical space 440, via which the steam enters the housing of the injector, and an annular space surrounding the space 440 442, which is separated from the space 440 by the tube 430 (and its extension leading up to the steam inlet opening 424), the two spaces being connected to one another exclusively via the pores 450.
  • the water circulates with a constant or variable flow from the water inlet opening 416 via the mixing chamber 442 to the water outlet opening 420.
  • the steam enters the steam chamber 440 from the steam inlet opening 424 and passes through the pores 450 into the mixing chamber 442, where it is used Purpose of heating is introduced into the water flowing therein.
  • the outflow of water is regulated by the temperature controller 142 in the condensate line 112, so that no control valve for the amount of steam may be used on the steam side.
  • the two gases can only be separated after the steam has condensed.
  • the air bubbles entering the injector can collect under the vent dome 436 and are discharged outside via the steam vent 438.
  • the kvs value of the tube increases with the increase in steam throughput 430 because more pores are released for the steam flow with falling water column.
  • the kvs value defines how much water flows through a constriction with a temperature of 20 ° C and 1 bar pressure loss.
  • the maximum kvs value is reached when the water level in the tube reaches the lowest point. At this point lies the maximum flow rate of the steam, which is synonymous with the maximum power for heat transfer and the design status of the tube.
  • the kvs value of the tube in [m3 / h] should be designed so that the pressure loss in [mWS] calculated with it corresponds to the overall height of the tube in [mm].
  • the kvs value can be determined with sufficient accuracy using the relationship
  • P means the specific permeability of water in m 3 / hcm 2 , h the height of the tube in [mm], d a the outer diameter of the tube in mm and di the inner diameter of the tube in mm.
  • the pressure loss for steam can be calculated according to the conventional methods and, if necessary, a correction can be made if the pressure loss and tube height differ significantly.
  • the standardization of the nominal widths of steel pipes is generally not the same as that of filter pipes.
  • Large wall thicknesses of the tube should be avoided because the pressure loss is increased, but requirements for material strength due to the low differential pressures between the interior and exterior should not be taken into account.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for injecting steam into flowing water in order to heat said water, comprising the following: (a) an essentially closed housing (404); (b) a mixing chamber (442) inside said housing (404), in which the steam is mixed with the water to be heated; (c) a water inlet (416) and a water outlet (420) in the housing (404), the water being guided from said water inlet (416) to said water outlet (420) via the mixing chamber (442); (d) a steam chamber (440) inside the housing; (e) a steam inlet (424) in the housing (404), the steam being guided from the steam inlet (424) into the steam chamber (440); (f) a dividing wall (430) between the steam chamber (440) and the mixing chamber (442), said dividing wall (430) being porous and having a number of pores (450) for the passage of the steam into the mixing chamber (442).

Description

Dampf In ektorSteam in ector
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Injektieren von Dampf in strömendes Wasser zum Zwecke des Erhitzens des Wassers. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf einen solchen Injektor, wie er im Zusammenhang mit einem Verfahren gemäß Deutschem Patent 44 32 464 zum Einsatz kommt, welches ein Verfahren zum Erhitzen von Heiz- bzw. Brauchwasser mittels Dampf aus dem Dampfnetz einer Fernleitung offenbart, bei dem der Dampf in im Kreislauf befindliches, aufzuheizendes Wasser injektiert wird, wobei die in das Wasser zu injektierende Dampfmenge durch (außen-) temperaturgeregeltes Abführen von Wasser bzw. Kondensat in die Kondensatleitung des Dampfnetzes gesteuert wird. Des Weiteren bezieht sich die Erfindung auf einen solchen Injektor, wie er im Zusammenhang mit der Vorrichtung zum Injektieren von Dampf in strömendes Wasser mit der Vorrichtung zum Injektieren von Dampf in strömendes Wasser zum Zwecke des Erhitzen des Wassers gemäß eingetragenem Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 297 19 007.5 zum Einsatz kommt. Darin wird offenbart, dass in einer Vorrichtung Dampf in einem so genannten Injektor in strömendes Wasser injektiert wird und durch die Übertragung der Verdampfungswärme dieses Wasser aufheizt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird der einströmende Dampf durch kleine Bohrungen eines Düsenrohrs geleitet, in denen eine verhältnismäßig hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erzielt wird. Diese Geschwindigkeit wird genutzt, um den Dampf nach dem Austritt aus den Düsenbohrungen in einer Edelstahlgaze in kleine Dampfbläschen zu zerkleinern. Diese Zerkleinerung ist die Voraussetzung, dass eine Kondensation von Dampf in Wasser geräuscharm verlaufen kann. Die Herstellung des Düsenrohres mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrungen ist jedoch aufwendig und teuer.The invention relates to a device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water. In particular, the invention relates to such an injector, as used in connection with a method according to German Patent 44 32 464, which discloses a method for heating heating or process water by means of steam from the steam network of a long-distance line, in which the Steam is injected into the water to be heated in the circuit, the amount of steam to be injected into the water being controlled by (outside) temperature-controlled removal of water or condensate into the condensate line of the steam network. Furthermore, the invention relates to such an injector as used in connection with the device for injecting steam into flowing water with the device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water according to registered German Utility Model No. 297 19 007.5 is used. It is disclosed that in a device steam is injected into flowing water in a so-called injector and heats this water by the transfer of the heat of vaporization. In this device, the incoming steam is passed through small holes in a nozzle tube, in which a relatively high flow rate is achieved. This speed is used to shred the steam into small steam bubbles in a stainless steel gauze after exiting the nozzle holes. This size reduction is a prerequisite for the condensation of steam in water to be quiet. However, the manufacture of the nozzle tube with a large number of bores is complex and expensive.
Bei den bekannten Vorrichtungen zum Einführen von Dampf in Wasser ergeben sich in der Praxis schwerwiegende Probleme. Das Einleiten von Dampf in Wasser führt zu so genannten Wasserschlägen, weil die Dampfblasen vom umgebenen Wasser abgekühlt werden und durch die damit verbundene Änderung des Aggregatzustandes von Dampf auf Wasser eine schlagartige Volumenkontraktion erfolgt. Diese Wasserschläge stellen neben der Geräuschbelästigung aufgrund der entstehenden Druckwellen auch noch eine starke Materialbelastung dar und führen zu vorzeitigen Materialalterungen. Diese Probleme sollen mit der vorliegenden Erfindung vermieden werden.In known devices for introducing steam into water, serious problems arise in practice. The introduction of steam into water leads to so-called water hammer, because the steam bubbles are cooled by the surrounding water and a sudden volume contraction occurs due to the change in the physical state from steam to water. These water strikes pose alongside the noise pollution due to the resulting pressure waves, there is also a heavy material load and lead to premature material aging. These problems are intended to be avoided with the present invention.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Dampf in kleinsten Partikeln in strömendes Wasser einzuleiten und damit eine völlig geräuschlose Kondensation zu ermöglichen. Hierbei ist zu gewährleisten, dass die Mengenvariabilität von 0 bis 100 % stets eingehalten wird und der Druckabfall zwischen der Dampfleitung und dem aufzuheizenden Wasser anlagenspezifische Werte nicht überschreitet.The invention has for its object to introduce steam in the smallest particles in flowing water and thus to allow a completely silent condensation. It must be ensured that the quantity variability from 0 to 100% is always maintained and that the pressure drop between the steam line and the water to be heated does not exceed system-specific values.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Vorrichtung zum Injektieren von Dampf in strömendes Wasser vorgeschlagen mit einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Gehäuse, einem Mischraum innerhalb des Gehäuses, in dem der Dampf mit dem zu erhitzenden Wasser vermischt wird, jeweils einer Wassereintrittsöffnung und einer Wasseraustrittsöffnung im Gehäuse, wobei das Wasser von der Wassereintrittsöffnung über den Mischraum zur Wasseraustrittsöffnung geführt ist, einem Dampfraum innerhalb des Gehäuses, einer Dampfeintrittsöffnung im Gehäuse, wobei der Dampf von der Dampfeintrittsöffnung in den Dampfraum geleitet wird, einer Trennwand zwischen Dampfraum und Mischraum, wobei in der Trennwand eine Vielzahl von Poren zum Durchtritt des Dampfes in den Mischraum ausgebildet sind, wobei bei entsprechender Wahl der Körnung die Porenweiten so ausgelegt sind, dass nur kleinste Dampfpartikel die Trennwand durchdringen, die unmittelbar beim Kontaktieren mit dem an der Wandungsoberfläche strömenden Wasser abgekühlt und kondensiert werden. Geräusche treten bei diesem Vorgang nicht auf.According to the invention, a device for injecting steam into flowing water is proposed with an essentially closed housing, a mixing space within the housing in which the steam is mixed with the water to be heated, in each case a water inlet opening and a water outlet opening in the housing, the water from the water inlet opening is led via the mixing chamber to the water outlet opening, a steam chamber within the housing, a steam inlet opening in the housing, the steam being conducted from the steam inlet opening into the steam chamber, a partition wall between the steam chamber and the mixing chamber, a large number of pores for passage in the partition wall of the steam are formed in the mixing chamber, the pore sizes being designed so that only the smallest steam particles penetrate the partition, with a suitable choice of the grain size be cooled and condensed immediately upon contact with the water flowing on the wall surface. Noises do not occur during this process.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein solcher Aufbau geeignet ist, die störenden Wasserschläge und die damit verbundenen Geräusche und Vibrationen ganz zu unterdrücken. Durchdringt Dampf solche kleinen Querschnitte, wie sie auftreten, wenn ein Tubus aus Keramik oder Sintermetall gefertigt ist, treten an der Materialoberfläche nur kleinste Dampfpartikel auf, die unmittelbar beim Kontaktieren mit dem an der Wandungsoberfläche strömenden Wasser abgekühlt und kondensiert werden.It has been shown that such a structure is suitable for completely suppressing the disturbing water hammer and the associated noises and vibrations. If steam penetrates such small cross-sections as occur when a tube is made of ceramic or sintered metal, only the smallest vapor particles appear on the material surface, which are cooled and condensed immediately when they come into contact with the water flowing on the wall surface.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Dampf neben der Wärmeübertragung auch die statische Druckerhaltung im Wassersystem gewährleistet, damit dort keinen örtlichen Ausdampfungen des Wassers auftreten können. Durchströmt der Dampf den Tubus, tritt ein Druckverlust auf, der den Dampfdruck mindert, der im Wasserraum zur Druckhaltung zur Verfügung steht. Eine Druckhaltung ist jedoch erforderlich, weil in der Regel die Temperaturen des erhitzten Wassers über 100 °C liegen können.According to a further aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the steam ensures not only the heat transfer but also the static pressure maintenance in the water system, so that no local evaporation of the water can occur there. If the steam flows through the tube, there is a pressure loss that reduces the steam pressure that is available in the water space for maintaining pressure. However, pressure maintenance is necessary because the temperatures of the heated water can usually be above 100 ° C.
Diese Temperaturen sind von verschiedenen objektspezifischen Kriterien abhängig und im Wesentlichen gekennzeichnet als: Sättigungstemperatur gemäß Dampfdruck im unmittelbaren Kondensationsbereich an der Tubusoberfläche;These temperatures depend on various property-specific criteria and are essentially identified as: Saturation temperature according to vapor pressure in the immediate condensation area on the tube surface;
maximale Temperatur im Auslegungszustand entsprechend dem Verwendungszweck undmaximum temperature in the design state according to the intended use and
Temperaturen im Regelbereich der Anlage.Temperatures in the control range of the system.
Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben wird.Further advantageous features of the invention result from the following description, in which a preferred embodiment of the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawing.
In der Zeichnung zeigen:The drawing shows:
Figur 1 eine Anlage zum Erhitzen von Wasser mittels Dampf aus dem Dampfnetz einer Fernheizung, in der ein erfindungsgemäßer Injektor eingebaut ist, und1 shows a system for heating water by means of steam from the steam network of a district heating system, in which an injector according to the invention is installed, and
Figur 2 eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht eines bevorzugten erfindungsgemäßen Injektors.Figure 2 is a partially sectioned side view of a preferred injector according to the invention.
Zunächst wird auf Figur 1 Bezug genommen. Einer insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 100 bezeichneten Kreislaufleitung für Heizwasser, die vollständig entlüftet ist, wird über einen erfindungsgemäßen Injektor 402 überhitzter Dampf aus einer Dampfleitung 110 eines Dampfnetzes einer Fernheizung zugeführt. An der Dampfleitung 110 sind vor dem Injektor 402 eine Absperrarmatur 104, ein Manometer 106 und ein Thermometer 108 angeordnet.Reference is first made to FIG. 1. Superheated steam from a steam line 110 of a steam network of a district heating system is supplied to a circuit line for heating water, which is designated as a whole by the reference number 100 and is completely vented, via an injector 402 according to the invention. On A shut-off valve 104, a manometer 106 and a thermometer 108 are arranged in front of the injector 402 of the steam line 110.
In Umlaufrichtung des in der Kreislaufleitung 100 befindlichen Wassers bzw. Kondensats gesehen (die Strömungsrichtung verläuft in der Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 im Uhrzeigersinn) nach dem Injektor 402 ist ein Entlüftungsventil 114 an der Kreislaufleitung angeordnet. Der sich hieran anschließende Leitungsabschnitt 118 der Kreislaufleitung kann als Vorlauf der Gebäudeheizung bezeichnet werden, und an ihm sind nacheinander ein Thermostatschalter 120, ein Messfühler 122, ein Druckschalter 124 und ein Sicherheitsventil 126 angeordnet.Viewed in the direction of circulation of the water or condensate located in the circuit line 100 (the direction of flow runs clockwise in the illustration according to FIG. 1), after the injector 402, a vent valve 114 is arranged on the circuit line. The adjoining line section 118 of the circuit line can be referred to as the flow of the building heating, and a thermostatic switch 120, a sensor 122, a pressure switch 124 and a safety valve 126 are arranged one after the other.
Nach Durchströmen des erhitzten Heizwassers durch die nicht dargestellten Wärmeverbraucher (Heizkörper) kehrt das Heizwasser über den als Rücklauf zu bezeichnenden Leitungsabschnitt 128 zurück, wobei an diesem Leitungsabschnitt ein Manometer 130 und anschließend ein Entleerungsventil 132 angeordnet sind. Das abgekühlte Heizwasser wird anschließend über eine Umwälzpumpe 134, eine Rückschlagklappe 136 und ein Drosselventil 138 zum Injektor 402 zurückgeführt .After flowing through the heated heating water through the heat consumers (radiators), which are not shown, the heating water returns via the line section 128 to be referred to as the return line, a manometer 130 and then an emptying valve 132 being arranged on this line section. The cooled heating water is then returned to the injector 402 via a circulation pump 134, a non-return valve 136 and a throttle valve 138.
Zwischen der Rückschlagklappe 136 und dem Drosselventil 138 zweigt die Kondensatleitung 112 ab, über die das Kondensat in das Fernheiznetz rückgeleitet wird. In Strömungsrichtung des Kondensats gesehen sind in der Kondensatleitung 112 hintereinander eine Absperrarmatur 140, ein motorbetriebener Temperaturregler 142, ein Durchfluss-Differenzdruckregler 144, eine Rückschlagklappe 146 und eine weitere Absperrarmatur 148 angeordnet. Zwischen Rückschlagklappe 146 und Absperrarmatur 148 befindet sich ein Manometer 150.The condensate line 112 branches off between the check valve 136 and the throttle valve 138, via which the condensate is returned to the district heating network. Viewed in the direction of flow of the condensate, the condensate line 112 a shut-off valve 140, a motor-operated temperature controller 142, a flow differential pressure controller 144, a non-return valve 146 and a further shut-off valve 148 are arranged one behind the other. A manometer 150 is located between the check valve 146 and the shut-off valve 148.
Zwischen dem Leitungsabschnitt 128 und der Umwälzpumpe 134 ist ein Wärmemengenzähler 152 angeordnet, der in bekannter Weise mit je einem am Leitungsabschnitt 118 {Vorlauf) und 128 (Rücklauf) angebrachten Messfühler 154 bzw. 156 zusammenarbeite .Between the line section 128 and the circulation pump 134, a heat meter 152 is arranged, which works in a known manner with a sensor 154 or 156 attached to the line section 118 (flow) and 128 (return).
Mit der Bezugsziffer 158 ist ein zentrales Regelbzw. Steuermodul bezeichnet, welches den Betrieb der Anlage in Abhängigkeit von der Außentemperatur, vgl. Außenfühler 160, steuert.With the reference number 158 is a central rule or Control module designates which the operation of the system depending on the outside temperature, cf. Outside sensor 160, controls.
Während im Falle des vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels der Dampf direkt in das Heizwasser eingespeist wird, können in alternativer Weise auch zwei voneinander hydraulisch getrennte Kreisläufe vorgesehen sein, nämlich ein Kondensatkreislauf und ein Heizungskreislauf, wobei beide Kreisläufe durch einen zwischengeschalteten Wärmetauscher thermisch miteinander verbunden sind.While in the case of the exemplary embodiment described above, the steam is fed directly into the heating water, two alternatively hydraulically separate circuits can also be provided, namely a condensate circuit and a heating circuit, both circuits being thermally connected to one another by an intermediate heat exchanger.
Wegen weiterer Details hinsichtlich des Aufbaus und der Funktionsweise der Anlage wird ausdrücklich auf das Deutsche Patent 44 32 464 verwiesen. Im folgenden wird auf Figur 2 Bezug genommen, die ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors in seinen Einzelheiten zeigt.For further details regarding the structure and operation of the system, reference is expressly made to German Patent 44 32 464. Reference is made below to FIG. 2, which shows a preferred embodiment of the injector according to the invention in detail.
Vorausgeschickt sei, dass der erfindungsgemäße Injektor 402 in der Heizungsanlage in der in der Figur 2 dargestellten Stellung eingebaut wird, also in aufrechter Stellung.It should be said that the injector 402 according to the invention is installed in the heating system in the position shown in FIG. 2, that is to say in the upright position.
Der Injektor 402 umfasst ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 404 mit einer oberen Gehäusehälfte 406 und einer unteren Gehäusehälfte 408, wobei beide Gehäusehälften mittels Flanschen 410, 412 zusammengeflanscht sind. Das Gehäuse 404 weist einen im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hohlraum 414 auf und ist, mit Ausnahme der nachstehend beschriebenen Öffnungen, allseitig geschlossen. Am unteren Ende des Gehäuses 404 ist eine Wassereintrittsöffnung 416 definiert, die über den Rohrstutzen 418 an das Leitungsstück der Kreislaufleitung 100 aus Figur 1, das zum Drosselventil 138 führt, angeschlossen ist. In der oberen Gehäusehälfte 406 des Gehäuses 404 ist seitlich eine radial zur Mittelachse des Gehäuses ausgebildete Wasseraustrittsöffnung 420 vorgesehen, die über einen Rohrstutzen 422 an das zum Entlüftungsventil 114 (Figur 1) führende Leitungsstück der Kreislaufleitung 100 angeschlossen ist. Die Öffnung 420 befindet sich im oberen Bereich des Gehäuses 404, ist jedoch, aus den weiter unten geschilderten Gründen, vom oberen Ende des Hohlraums 414 beabstandet. Am oberen Ende des Gehäuses 404 ist eine Dampfeintrittsöffnung 424 ausgebildet, die über einen abgewinkelten Rohrstutzen 426 an die Dampfleitung 110 angeschlossen ist. Ein Dampfrohrabschnitt erstreckt sich von der Dampfeintrittsöffnung 424 nach unten und endet in einer Anschweißmuffe 428, die in Höhe der Teilungsebene zwischen oberer und unterer Gehäusehälfte 406 bzw. 408 endet.The injector 402 comprises an essentially cylindrical housing 404 with an upper housing half 406 and a lower housing half 408, both housing halves being flanged together by means of flanges 410, 412. The housing 404 has a substantially cylindrical cavity 414 and, with the exception of the openings described below, is closed on all sides. At the lower end of the housing 404, a water inlet opening 416 is defined, which is connected via the pipe socket 418 to the line section of the circuit line 100 from FIG. 1, which leads to the throttle valve 138. Provided laterally in the upper housing half 406 of the housing 404 is a water outlet opening 420 which is formed radially to the central axis of the housing and is connected via a pipe socket 422 to the line section of the circuit line 100 leading to the vent valve 114 (FIG. 1). The opening 420 is located in the upper region of the housing 404, but is spaced from the upper end of the cavity 414 for the reasons described below. A steam inlet opening 424 is formed at the upper end of the housing 404 and is connected to the steam line 110 via an angled pipe socket 426. A steam pipe section extends downward from the steam inlet opening 424 and ends in a weld-on sleeve 428, which ends at the level of the parting plane between the upper and lower housing halves 406 and 408.
Ein Tubus 430 wird dicht an die Anschweißmuffe 428 angeschlossen. Der zu beiden Seiten geöffnete, zylindrische Tubus 430 verläuft koaxial zur Achse des zylindrischen Hohlraums 414 des Gehäuses 404 und erstreckt sich bis nahe dem unteren Ende des Hohlraums 414 und weist einen Innendurchmesser di und einen Außendurchmesser da auf. Der zylindrische Tubus 430, der vorzugsweise aus Keramik oder Sintermetall besteht, weist eine Vielzahl von Poren 450 auf, die in Figur 2 als Punkte der gepunkteten Fläche dargestellt sind. Zum dichten Anschließen des Tubus 430 werden ein Gewindestück 452, Dichtungen 444, Unterlegscheiben 434, ein Gewindestab 448, der an einem Ende drei angeschweißte Pratzen 446 und am anderen Ende ein Gewinde aufweist, und eine Sechskantmutter 432 benötigt. Das Gewindestück 452 wird in die Anschweißmuf e 428 geschraubt. Der Gewindestab 448 verläuft koaxial zur Achse des zylindrischen Hohlraumes 414 des Gehäuses 404, wobei die drei Pratzen 446 das Gewindestück 452 berühren, so dass der Gewindestab 448 fixiert ist. Zwischen dem Gewindestück 452 und dem zylindrischen Tubus 432 befindet sich eine kreisförmige Dichtung 444. Zwischen dem anderen geöffneten Ende des Tubus 430 und einer Unterlegscheibe 434 befindet sich ebenfalls ein kreisförmiger Dichtungsring 444. Zwischen dieser Unterlegscheibe 434 und einer weiteren Unterlegscheibe 434 befindet sich ein kreisförmiger Dichtungsring 444. Auf das Gewindestabende 448 mit Gewinde wird eine passende Sechskantmutter 432 aufgeschraubt, so dass durch Anziehen dieser Sechskantmutter 432 gewährleistet wird, dass der Dampfraum ausschließlich über die Poren 450 mit dem Mischraum 442 in Verbindung steht.A tube 430 is connected tightly to the welding sleeve 428. The cylindrical tube 430, which is open on both sides, runs coaxially to the axis of the cylindrical cavity 414 of the housing 404 and extends to near the lower end of the cavity 414 and has an inside diameter di and an outside diameter d a . The cylindrical tube 430, which is preferably made of ceramic or sintered metal, has a multiplicity of pores 450, which are shown in FIG. 2 as points of the dotted surface. For the tight connection of the tube 430, a threaded piece 452, seals 444, washers 434, a threaded rod 448, which has three welded-on brackets 446 at one end and a thread at the other end, and a hexagon nut 432 are required. The threaded piece 452 is screwed into the welded socket 428. The threaded rod 448 runs coaxially to the axis of the cylindrical cavity 414 of the housing 404, the three claws 446 touching the threaded piece 452, so that the threaded rod 448 is fixed. Between the threaded piece 452 and the cylindrical tube 432 there is a circular seal 444. Between the other open end of the tube 430 and a washer 434 there is also a circular seal ring 444. Between this washer 434 and another washer 434 there is a circular seal ring 444. The threaded rod 448 is threaded a suitable hexagon nut 432 is screwed on, so that tightening this hexagon nut 432 ensures that the steam space is connected to the mixing space 442 exclusively via the pores 450.
Als vorteilhafte Bauhöhe für den Tubus 430 haben sich 200 bis 500 mm bewährt.200 to 500 mm have proven to be an advantageous overall height for the tube 430.
Am oberen Ende des Gehäuses 404 ist ein Entlüftungsdom 436 ausgebildet, der durch den Hohlraum oberhalb der Wasseraustrittsöffnung 420 definiert ist. Der Klöpperboden des Entlüftungsdoms 436 ist mit einem Dampfentlüfter 438 versehen.At the upper end of the housing 404, a vent dome 436 is formed, which is defined by the cavity above the water outlet opening 420. The dome bottom of the vent dome 436 is provided with a steam vent 438.
Die Durchflussmenge des zu beheizenden Wassers wird so groß gewählt, dass die Temperatur beim Wasseraustritt die Sättigungstemperatur deutlich unterschreitet .The flow rate of the water to be heated is chosen so large that the temperature at the water outlet clearly falls below the saturation temperature.
Aus dem vorstehend beschriebenen Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors ergibt sich, dass dieser einen zentralen zylindrischen Raum 440 umfasst, über den der Dampf in das Gehäuse des Injektors eintritt, sowie einen den Raum 440 umgebenden ringförmigen Raum 442, der vom Raum 440 durch den Tubus 430 (und dessen nach oben zur Dampfeintrittsöf nung 424 führenden Verlängerung) abgetrennt ist, wobei beide Räume ausschließlich über die Poren 450 miteinander in Verbindung stehen.It follows from the construction of the injector according to the invention described above that it comprises a central cylindrical space 440, via which the steam enters the housing of the injector, and an annular space surrounding the space 440 442, which is separated from the space 440 by the tube 430 (and its extension leading up to the steam inlet opening 424), the two spaces being connected to one another exclusively via the pores 450.
Im Betrieb zirkuliert das Wasser mit einem konstanten oder variablen Mengenstrom von der Wassereintrittsöffnung 416 über den Mischraum 442 zur Wasseraustrittsöffnung 420. Der Dampf tritt von der Dampfeintrittsöffnung 424 in den Dampfraum 440 ein und gelangt durch die Poren 450 hindurch in den Mischraum 442, wo er zum Zwecke des Aufheizens in das hierin strömende Wasser eingeleitet wird.In operation, the water circulates with a constant or variable flow from the water inlet opening 416 via the mixing chamber 442 to the water outlet opening 420. The steam enters the steam chamber 440 from the steam inlet opening 424 and passes through the pores 450 into the mixing chamber 442, where it is used Purpose of heating is introduced into the water flowing therein.
In den Injektor kann nur diejenige Dampfmenge einströmen, die der abströmenden Wassermenge entspricht. Die Abströmung des Wasser erfolgt geregelt durch den Temperaturregler 142 in der Kondensatleitung 112, so dass dampfseitig keine Regelarmatur für die Dampfmenge eingesetzt werden darf.Only the amount of steam that corresponds to the outflowing amount of water can flow into the injector. The outflow of water is regulated by the temperature controller 142 in the condensate line 112, so that no control valve for the amount of steam may be used on the steam side.
Für den gesamten Lastbereich werden zwei Grenzfälle definiert:Two borderline cases are defined for the entire load range:
- Wasserstau im gesamten Tubus; alle Poren sind mit Wasser bedeckt; es kann somit kein Dampf durch die Poren strömen; es strömt kein Wasser aus dem System ab; die entnommene Wärmemenge ist gleich null. - Im gesamten Tubus befindet sich Dampf; alle Poren sind freigegeben; es strömt die der abströmenden Wassermenge äquivalente Dampfmenge; die Wärmemenge entspricht der Maximalleistung im Auslegungszustand.- water build-up in the entire tube; all pores are covered with water; steam cannot flow through the pores; no water flows out of the system; the amount of heat withdrawn is zero. - There is steam in the entire tube; all pores are released; the amount of steam equivalent to the outflowing amount of water flows; the amount of heat corresponds to the maximum output in the design state.
Alle anderen Lastpunkte liegen zwischen den beschriebenen Grenzen.All other load points lie between the described limits.
Für den Fall, dass mit dem Dampf vermischt Luft in den Injektor eintritt, ist eine Trennung der beiden Gase erst nach der Kondensation des Dampfes möglich. Die in den Injektor eintretenden Luftbläschen können sich unter dem Entlüftungsdom 436 sammeln und werden über den Dampfentlüfter 438 ins Freie abgeführt.In the event that air mixed with the steam enters the injector, the two gases can only be separated after the steam has condensed. The air bubbles entering the injector can collect under the vent dome 436 and are discharged outside via the steam vent 438.
Strömt im Tubus kein Dampf, weil auf der Wasserseite kein Kondensat abströmt, steigt im Tubus der Wasserstand bis an seine obere Kante. Es besteht Druckausgleich zwischen dem Dampf- und Wasserraum und, alle Poren sind mit Wasser belegt. Beginnt nun das Abströmen des Wassers im Wasserraum, fällt dort der Druck geringfügig. Die entstandene Druckdifferenz entspricht der geodätischen Höhe, um die die Wassersäule (WS) im Tubus 430 nach unten gedrückt wird. Damit werden Poren 450 für die Dampfdurchströmung freigegeben.If no steam flows in the tube, because no condensate flows out on the water side, the water level in the tube rises to its upper edge. There is pressure equalization between the steam and water space and, all pores are covered with water. If the water begins to flow in the water space, the pressure drops slightly there. The resulting pressure difference corresponds to the geodetic height by which the water column (WS) in tube 430 is pressed down. Thus, pores 450 are released for the flow of steam.
Obwohl das Filtermaterial eine durchgängig gleichbleibende Porosität hat, steigt mit der Erhöhung des Dampfdurchsatzes der kvs-Wert des Tubus 430 an, weil mit fallender Wassersäule mehr Poren für die Dampfdurchströmung freigegeben werden. Der kvs- Wert definiert, wie viel Wasser mit einer Temperatur von 20 °C bei 1 bar Druckverlust durch eine Engstelle fließt. Der maximale kvs-Wert ist erreicht, wenn der Wasserstand im Tubus am niedrigsten Punkt angelangt ist. In diesem Punkt liegt die maximale Durchsatzmenge des Dampfes, gleichbedeutend mit der maximalen Leistung für die Wärmeübertragung und dem Auslegungszustand des Tubus.Although the filter material has a constant porosity, the kvs value of the tube increases with the increase in steam throughput 430 because more pores are released for the steam flow with falling water column. The kvs value defines how much water flows through a constriction with a temperature of 20 ° C and 1 bar pressure loss. The maximum kvs value is reached when the water level in the tube reaches the lowest point. At this point lies the maximum flow rate of the steam, which is synonymous with the maximum power for heat transfer and the design status of the tube.
Der kvs-Wert des Tubus in [m3/h] ist also für den Idealfall so auszulegen, dass der mit ihm berechnete Druckverlust in [ mWS] der Bauhöhe des Tubus in [mm] entspricht.Ideally, the kvs value of the tube in [m3 / h] should be designed so that the pressure loss in [mWS] calculated with it corresponds to the overall height of the tube in [mm].
Der kvs-Wert lässt sich ausreichend genau ermitteln mit der Beziehung The kvs value can be determined with sufficient accuracy using the relationship
Darin bedeutet P die spezifische Durchlässigkeit von Wasser in m3/hcm2, h die Höhe des Tubus in [mm] , da der äußere Durchmesser des Tubus in mm und di der innere Durchmesser des Tubus in mm.Here P means the specific permeability of water in m 3 / hcm 2 , h the height of the tube in [mm], d a the outer diameter of the tube in mm and di the inner diameter of the tube in mm.
Mit dem kvs-Wert kann der Druckverlust für Dampf nach den herkömmlichen Methoden berechnet werden und gegebenenfalls eine Korrektur erfolgen, wenn Druckverlust und Tubushöhe stark voneinander abweichen. Die Normung der Nennweiten von Stahlrohren stimmt mit denen von Filterrohren in der Regel nicht überein. Bei der Auslegung der Tubusdurchmesser sollte darauf geachtet werden, dass der innere Durchmesser gleich oder größer der Nennweite der Dampfleitung ist. Auf große Wandstärken des Tubus sollte verzichtet werden, weil der Druckverlust erhöht wird, jedoch Anforderungen an die Materialfestigkeit wegen der geringen Differenzdrücke zwischen Innen- und Außenraum nicht zu berücksichtigen sind. With the kvs value, the pressure loss for steam can be calculated according to the conventional methods and, if necessary, a correction can be made if the pressure loss and tube height differ significantly. The standardization of the nominal widths of steel pipes is generally not the same as that of filter pipes. When designing the tube diameter, care should be taken that the inner diameter is equal to or greater than the nominal width of the steam pipe. Large wall thicknesses of the tube should be avoided because the pressure loss is increased, but requirements for material strength due to the low differential pressures between the interior and exterior should not be taken into account.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zum Injektieren von Dampf in strömendes Wasser zum Zwecke des Erhitzens des Wassers, mit1. Device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water, with
a) einem im wesentlichen geschlossenen Gehäuse (404),a) a substantially closed housing (404),
b) einem Mischraum (442) innerhalb des Gehäuses (404), in dem der Dampf mit dem zu erhitzendenb) a mixing space (442) within the housing (404), in which the steam with the to be heated
Wasser vermischt wird,Water is mixed
c) jeweils einer Wassereintrittsöffnung (416) und einer Wasseraustrittsöffnung (420) im Gehäuse (404), wobei das Wasser von derc) each have a water inlet opening (416) and a water outlet opening (420) in the housing (404), the water from the
Wassereintrittsöffnung (416) über den Mischraum (442) zur Wasseraustrittsöffnung (420) geführt ist,Water inlet opening (416) is led via the mixing space (442) to the water outlet opening (420),
d) einen Dampfraum (440) innerhalb des Gehäuses,d) a vapor space (440) within the housing,
e) einer Dampfeintrittsöffnung (424) im Gehäuse (404), wobei der Dampf von dere) a steam inlet opening (424) in the housing (404), the steam from the
Dampfeintrittsöffnung (424) in den Dampfräum (440) geleitet wird, f) einer Trennwand (430) zwischen Dampfraum (440) und Mischraum (442) , wobei die Trennwand (430) porös ist und eine Vielzahl von Poren (450) zum Durchtritt des Dampfes in den Mischraum (442) aufweist.Steam inlet opening (424) is passed into the steam room (440), f) a partition (430) between the steam chamber (440) and the mixing chamber (442), the partition (430) being porous and having a plurality of pores (450) for the passage of the steam into the mixing chamber (442).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennwand (430) als Tubus aus Keramik oder Sintermetall ausgebildet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition (430) is designed as a tube made of ceramic or sintered metal.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser des Tubus (430) gleich oder größer der Nennweite einer Dampfleitung ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the tube (430) is equal to or greater than the nominal width of a steam line.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wassereintrittsöffnung (416) an einem unteren Bereich des Gehäuses (404) und die Wasseraustrittsöffnung (420) sowie die Dampfeintrittsöffnung (424) an einem oberen Bereich des Gehäuses (404) ausgebildet sind und die Trennwand (430) sich von einem oberen Bereich des Gehäuses nach unten zum unteren Bereich hin erstreckt.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water inlet opening (416) on a lower region of the housing (404) and the water outlet opening (420) and the steam inlet opening (424) are formed on an upper region of the housing (404) and the partition (430) extends downward from an upper region of the housing to the lower region.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dampfeintrittsöffnung (424) mit einem Tubus (430) verbunden ist, das die Trennwand definiert.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steam inlet opening (424) is connected to a tube (430) which defines the partition.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 und 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (404) einen langgestreckten Hohlraum (414} definiert, an dessen oberem Ende sich die Dampfeintrittsöffnung (424} befindet, an die, gegebenenfalls unter Zwischenschaltung eines weiteren Rohrstücks (452) , der sich nach unten erstreckende Tubus (430) anschließt und dass die Wasseraustrittsöffnung (420) seitlich an einem oberen Bereich des Gehäuses (404) ausgebildet ist.6. The device according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the housing (404) one Elongated cavity (414} defines, at the upper end of which is the steam inlet opening (424}, to which, optionally with the interposition of a further pipe section (452), the downwardly extending tube (430) connects and that the water outlet opening (420) laterally is formed on an upper region of the housing (404).
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb der Wasseraustrittsöffnung eine Entlüftungseinrichtung (436, 438) ausgebildet ist.7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a venting device (436, 438) is formed above the water outlet opening.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wasseraustrittsöffnung (420) oberhalb der Poren (450) angeordnet ist.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water outlet opening (420) is arranged above the pores (450).
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Poren (450) einen Durchmesser im μm-Bereich aufweisen.9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pores (450) have a diameter in the μm range.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, wobei der Druckabfall des durch die Poren (450) des Tubus (430} in den Mischraum (442} fließenden Dampfstromes gleich dem hydrostatischen Druck einer Wassersäule entsprechend der Länge des Tubus (430} ist. 10. The device according to one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the pressure drop of the steam flow flowing through the pores (450) of the tube (430} into the mixing space (442}) is equal to the hydrostatic pressure of a water column corresponding to the length of the tube (430}.
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
100 Kreislaufleitung100 circulation line
104 Absperrarmatur 106 Manometer104 shut-off valve 106 manometer
108 Thermometer108 thermometers
110 Dampfleitung110 steam pipe
112 Kondensatleitung112 condensate line
114 Entlüftungsventil 118 Leitungsabschnitt114 vent valve 118 pipe section
120 Thermostatschalter120 thermostat switches
122 Messfühler122 sensors
124 Druckschalter124 pressure switches
126 Sicherheitsventil 128 Leitungsabschnitt126 safety valve 128 line section
130 Manometer130 manometers
132 Entleerungsventil132 drain valve
134 Umwälzpumpe134 circulation pump
136 Rückschlagklappe 138 Drosselventil136 Non-return valve 138 Throttle valve
140 Absperrarmatur140 shut-off valve
142 Temperaturregler142 temperature controller
144 Durchfluss-Differenzdruckregler144 flow differential pressure regulator
146 Rückschlagklappe 148 Absperrarmatur146 Non-return valve 148 shut-off valve
150 Manometer150 manometers
152 Wärmemengenzähler 154 Messfühler152 heat meter 154 sensors
156 Messfühler156 sensors
158 Regel- bzw. Steuermodul158 regulating or control module
160 Außenfühler 420 Injektor160 outside sensor 420 injector
404 Gehäuse404 housing
406 obere Gehäusehälfte406 upper half of the case
480 unter Gehäusehälfte480 under the housing half
410 Flansch 412 Flansch410 flange 412 flange
414 Hohlraum414 cavity
416 Wassereintrittsöffnung416 water inlet opening
418 Rohrstutzen418 pipe socket
420 Wasseraustrittsöffnung 422 Rohrstutzen420 water outlet opening 422 pipe socket
424 Dampfeintrittsöffnung424 steam inlet opening
426 Rohrstutzen426 pipe socket
428 Anschweißmuffe428 welding socket
430 Tubus 432 Sechskantmutter430 tube 432 hexagon nut
434 Unterlegscheibe434 washer
436 Entlüftungsdom436 vent dome
438 Dampfentlüfter438 steam breather
440 Dampfräum 442 Mischraum440 steam room 442 mixing room
444 Dichtung444 seal
446 Pratzen446 claws
448 Gewindestab448 threaded rod
450 Poren 452 Gewindestück 450 pores 452 threaded piece
EP01940343A 2000-04-19 2001-04-19 Steam injector Withdrawn EP1277014A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20007262U 2000-04-19
DE20007262U DE20007262U1 (en) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Steam injector
PCT/EP2001/004424 WO2001081832A1 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-04-19 Steam injector

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1277014A1 true EP1277014A1 (en) 2003-01-22

Family

ID=7940530

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01940343A Withdrawn EP1277014A1 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-04-19 Steam injector

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1277014A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2001273951A1 (en)
DE (1) DE20007262U1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001081832A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3594459A1 (en) 2018-07-10 2020-01-15 Prosperitos sp. z o.o. A method of supplying steam piston engines with ultra-supercritical steam and a steam injector for supplying steam piston engines with ultra-supercritical steam

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10227818A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-08 Pakdaman, Abolghassem, Prof. Dr.med. Gas enrichment modules
WO2009046466A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Johann Staudinger Device for introducing gas into a fluid
DE102009044566A1 (en) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-19 Domoteck Ltd. Device for controlling the temperature of a heat transfer medium circulated in a heating circuit
FR2959299B1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2015-11-06 Cie Parisienne De Chauffage Urbain CONDENSING CONTAINER FOR PURGING PRODUCTS OF A STEAM DISTRIBUTION NETWORK AND PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR PURGE PRODUCTS THEREFOR

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3837728A1 (en) * 1988-11-05 1990-05-10 Henkel Kgaa STEAM WATER MIXER
DE3930579A1 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-04-04 Henkel Kgaa STEAM WATER MIXER
US5376311A (en) * 1993-12-06 1994-12-27 Deguzman; Vel Apparatus for mixing gas and liquid
DE4432464C2 (en) 1994-09-12 1996-08-08 Ecf En Consulting Gmbh Process and installation for heating water using steam from the steam network of a district heating system
DE29719007U1 (en) 1997-10-24 1999-02-25 Fröb, Rainer, Dipl.-Ing., 90427 Nürnberg Device for injecting steam into flowing water for the purpose of heating the water

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0181832A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3594459A1 (en) 2018-07-10 2020-01-15 Prosperitos sp. z o.o. A method of supplying steam piston engines with ultra-supercritical steam and a steam injector for supplying steam piston engines with ultra-supercritical steam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE20007262U1 (en) 2000-08-03
WO2001081832A1 (en) 2001-11-01
AU2001273951A1 (en) 2001-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AT519035A1 (en) solar system
EP3956619B1 (en) Heat exchanger arrangement having at least one multipass heat exchanger
WO2001081832A1 (en) Steam injector
DE202006019415U1 (en) Arrangement used for feeding high temperature and low temperature user circuit, comprises selective distribution coupling assembled of three hollow cubical elements
EP1157755B1 (en) Nozzle manifold for the cooling or descaling of metallic elongated material, in particular of rolling stock
EP4382814A1 (en) Flow device for retrofitting a heating system and a heating system
DE10244256B4 (en) Heating system and / or cooling system with at least one heat source
WO2013072195A1 (en) Method for drying a pipeline system
EP1025399B1 (en) Device for injecting steam into flowing water in order to heat the water
EP3228943B1 (en) Connection unit for connecting a pressure maintenance and/or degassing device with a heating circuit distributor of a heating system
AT502342A2 (en) VALVE
CH689025A5 (en) Pressure holding device for closed heating or Kuehlkreislaeufe.
DE3005643C2 (en) Emergency feed system for a steam generator
EP3409654B1 (en) Device for the treatment of organic materials
EP1063401B1 (en) Apparatus and method for separating gas from liquid
EP3098522B1 (en) Hot water circulation system with an sma controlled valve
DE1803360C3 (en) Arrangement for pressure control of flowing media
DE19624520A1 (en) Method and device for using the remaining sensible and latent heat (residual heat) of an exhaust gas from a furnace
EP3597080A1 (en) Device and method for preparing food stored in a vessel
DE102007010472B4 (en) Sanitary low pressure fitting
DE1807916A1 (en) Device for the regulation of thermal engineering, closed circuits
DE10320366B4 (en) Self-venting pressure regulator for fluid media
DE29921997U1 (en) Pipe part with filter
DE69803828T2 (en) Water-controlled hot water generator
CH653761A5 (en) DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING HEAT FROM A BOILER.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20021120