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EP1273743A1 - Pneumatic wall construction - Google Patents

Pneumatic wall construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1273743A1
EP1273743A1 EP01116311A EP01116311A EP1273743A1 EP 1273743 A1 EP1273743 A1 EP 1273743A1 EP 01116311 A EP01116311 A EP 01116311A EP 01116311 A EP01116311 A EP 01116311A EP 1273743 A1 EP1273743 A1 EP 1273743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tent sheet
wall construction
pneumatic
layer
construction according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01116311A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1273743B1 (en
Inventor
Albert Fritzsche
Peter Geiselhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Priority to EP01116311A priority Critical patent/EP1273743B1/en
Priority to DE50113005T priority patent/DE50113005D1/en
Priority to AT01116311T priority patent/ATE373155T1/en
Priority to US09/910,947 priority patent/US6598613B2/en
Publication of EP1273743A1 publication Critical patent/EP1273743A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1273743B1 publication Critical patent/EP1273743B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/201Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable tubular framework, with or without tent cover
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/202Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/206Details of inflation devices, e.g. valves, connections to fluid pressure source

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic wall construction, in particular for the worldwide use, even under extreme climatic conditions and with high demands to mobility.
  • a wall construction can in particular as Can be attached to existing shelters with solid walls. Is possible however, also a complete building closed on several sides to build such a pneumatic wall construction.
  • Compressed air is also used as a support structure for pneumatic structures
  • Hoses rafters
  • struts can be additionally secured by struts can.
  • a two-layer wall structure is created from 3 Tent sheeting (inner, outer, middle tent sheeting).
  • the inner layer preferably with a pressure increased to about 300 Pa compared to atmospheric pressure Main support structure of the wall structure.
  • the limiting tent sheets are advantageous (inner and middle tent sheet) for stabilization, spacing and suppression the convection flow connected by flexible webs. The one with the Fresh air supply to the air conditioning system supports given slight excess pressure in the interior the stability.
  • the second, outer layer of air between the middle and outer tent sheet is both near the ground as well as in the ridge area through air inlet openings and air outlet openings (e.g. air inlet or outlet grille) in connection with the ambient air.
  • the outer tent sheet heats up due to sunshine compared to the ambient temperature, an ascending convection flow jumps within these chambers located on all outer walls of the building on.
  • the middle tent sheet surface facing outwards with a suitable metallic coating or to reflect vaporization in the wavelength range of the thermal radiation.
  • Another advantageous measure is the footprint of the pneumatic building as square as possible and the shape of the building in a vertical cross-section to choose elliptical or similarly curved, so that the Interior height just sufficient and this in the middle not higher than for the sufficient standing height and the attachment of the air distribution is required.
  • the task of shortening the set-up time and reducing the personnel requirements will be solved in that after manually rolling out the building package by means of of a preferably program-controlled air compressor, first the inner ones load-bearing, segmented air chambers of the inner layer and in the next step the support hoses (filled separately) for lifting the outer tent sheet underneath Pressure.
  • the switching of the flow path is done by pressure sensors (or triggered manually by a pressure display). The same goes for Maintaining pressure or increasing internal pressures in the event of high wind speeds occurring side forces.
  • the dismantling of the wall construction according to the invention is carried out sequentially Sucking off the overpressure accelerates.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section of the pneumatic wall construction according to the invention.
  • the wall construction is here on three sides (left, right, above) closed structure formed, which extends to the sides to the ground extends.
  • the particularly for extreme plus and minus temperatures of the environment important lightweight thermal insulation according to the invention is a two-layer Formation of the wall structure formed (inner layer 5, outer layer 7), wherein the inner layer 5 bounded by the inner tent sheet 1 and the middle tent sheet 2 , and the outer layer 7 of the middle tent sheet 2 and the outer Tent sheeting 3 is limited (the tent sheeting will also be called a foil below designated).
  • the shape of the wall construction above the floor 4 is preferred elliptical or similar to the part of an ellipse (in vertical longitudinal and cross-section), in order to have sufficient ground clearance in the edge area, on the other hand if possible to ensure a low external surface.
  • the chamber 5 with the inner air layer is because of a possible fire, on the other hand because of the Shape keeping under pressure divided by webs 6.
  • the air connection is through Check valves secured (not shown).
  • the film distance between film 1 and 2 is measured on the one hand from the required for a given room size pneumatic rigidity, on the other hand from the thermodynamic conditions an optimal insulation for almost vertical layers of air, regardless of the Temperature, of about 50 mm.
  • the outer air layer 7 stands above the air inlet openings 8 near the ground and Outlet openings 9 in the area of the ridge in connection with the environment.
  • the Air inlet openings are grid-shaped. They extend near the ground along at least a portion of the perimeter of the building. The openings can be locked, especially when it rains and in winter.
  • the outer film 3 For military use it can be bulletproof be desirable for light weapons and against splinters. This can by covering the outer film 3 with a kinetic energy absorbing Tissue, e.g. reinforced with Kevlar.
  • a kinetic energy absorbing Tissue e.g. reinforced with Kevlar.
  • Within the outer layer 7 are the already mentioned pneumatic support hoses 20 arranged as additional Support structure and as a spacer between the middle film 2 and outer film 3 serve.
  • FIG. 3 is a wall construction according to the invention connected to a container 30 31 shown.
  • the wall structure 31 is through the opening 32 on the To enter the longitudinal wall of the container, preferably the door as flap 33 and also designed as a ramp to compensate for the difference in floor heights is and can serve as a pallet for packing the wall construction.
  • the structure of the compressed air supply and shown in Fig. 4 as a block diagram Control consists of the air compressor 40 with motor 41, which the air through the Filter 42 sucks.
  • the compressed air is used to inflate the compressed air chambers passed through the 3/2 solenoid valve 43 to the valve of the same type 44 and here sequentially to the main support structure, arrow 45, or to the support hoses, arrow 46, directed.
  • the check valves 47, 48 prevent the backflow.
  • the shutoff valve 49 is first opened, then the 3/2 solenoid valve 43 set to blow off according to arrow 50, finally with the 3/2 solenoid valve 51 Emptying initiated on paths 46 and 45.
  • the compressed air system is supplied with power from the self-sufficient network Systems by means of line 52.
  • the controller 53 z. B. a programmable logic controller Control, manually receives the command to initiate the inflation or deflation process, the maintenance of air pressure in the chambers is not through sensors shown monitors that by means of the signal lines 54 to the control unit 53 are connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

The wall has a two-layer construction formed by three flexible tent fabrics (1-3). The inner layer (5), defined by the inner and middle tent fabric layers (1, 2), is inflatable and forms the main supporting structure of the wall. The outer layer (7), defined by the middle and outer tent fabric layers (2, 3) forms a convection space, through which air from the surroundings can flow in an upwards direction, in order to provide high thermal insulation or, in the event of the space inside the wall being cooled, maintain the increased temperature at the outer tent fabric. Inflatable support hoses between the middle and outer tent fabric layers can act as an alternative support structure and as spacer elements.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine pneumatische Wandkonstruktion, insbesondere für den weltweiten Einsatz, auch unter extremen Klimabedingungen, und bei hohen Anforderungen an die Mobilität. Eine derartige Wandkonstruktion kann insbesondere als Anbau an bestehende Shelter mit festen Wänden eingesetzt werden. Möglich ist jedoch auch, ein vollständiges, nach mehreren Seiten geschlossenes Gebäude aus einer solchen pneumatischen Wandkonstruktion zu errichten.The invention relates to a pneumatic wall construction, in particular for the worldwide use, even under extreme climatic conditions and with high demands to mobility. Such a wall construction can in particular as Can be attached to existing shelters with solid walls. Is possible however, also a complete building closed on several sides to build such a pneumatic wall construction.

Pneumatische Bauwerke sind eng mit dem Namen des Architekten Frei Otto verbunden. Eine Übersicht über dessen Wirken findet sich z.B. in M. Kawaguchi: Der umgekehrte Weg, arcus Architektur und Wissenschaft 10 (1990).Pneumatic structures are closely linked to the name of the architect Frei Otto. An overview of his work can be found e.g. in M. Kawaguchi: The reverse path, arcus architecture and science 10 (1990).

Als Stützkonstruktion für pneumatische Bauwerke dienen auch druckluftbeaufschlagte Schläuche (Sparren), die zusätzlich durch Verstrebungen gesichert werden können.Compressed air is also used as a support structure for pneumatic structures Hoses (rafters) that are additionally secured by struts can.

Die Wärmedurchgangszahlen der genannten pneumatischen Konstruktionen können nur als mäßig bis schlecht bezeichnet werden. Sonnen- und ABC-Schutz würden zusätzlich Abdeckungen erfordern, die ihrerseits die Aufbauzeit verlängerten. Für den Sanitätseinsatz, der an Mobilität, Aufbauzeit und Packungsvolumen hohe Anforderungen stellt, wäre somit ein weiterer beträchtlicher Bedarf an Transportvolumen und -gewicht erforderlich. Als Operationsraum und Intensivstation eingerichtete pneumatische Gebäude müssen neben dem elektrischen Leistungsbedarf der medizinischen Geräte mit klimatisierter Frischluft und der notwendigen Raumtemperatur versorgt werden. Naturgemäß lassen sich die Inbetriebnahmezeiten um so mehr verkürzen, je geringer die Aufbauzeit der Gebäude selbst und der Einrichtung sowie die Inbetriebnahme von Energieversorgung und Klimatisierung sind. The thermal transmittance of the pneumatic constructions mentioned can can only be described as moderate to poor. Sun and ABC protection would additionally require covers, which in turn extended the construction time. For the Medical service, the high demands on mobility, set-up time and packaging volume would be a further considerable need for transport volume and - weight required. Pneumatic set up as an operating room and intensive care unit Buildings must meet the electrical power requirements of medical Devices supplied with conditioned fresh air and the necessary room temperature become. Naturally, the commissioning times can be shortened the more the construction time of the building itself and the furnishings as well as the commissioning are reduced of energy supply and air conditioning.

Diesem Verbesserungsbedarf kann nur nachgekommen werden, wenn der Energiebedarf zur Klimatisierung verringert, also die Wärmedämmung verbessert und der Auf- und Abbauvorgang mindestens teilweise automatisiert wird. Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt Lösungsmöglichkeiten, um diese Ziele zu erreichen.This need for improvement can only be met if the energy requirement reduced for air conditioning, so improved thermal insulation and the Assembly and dismantling process is at least partially automated. The present Invention describes possible solutions to achieve these goals.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind Gegenstand weiterer Ansprüche.The solution according to the invention is the subject of claim 1. Advantageous Remarks are the subject of further claims.

Unter Beibehaltung der pneumatischen Konstruktionsprinzipien "luftgestützte Konstruktion" und "aufblasbare Konstruktion (Stützschlauch-Konstruktion)" (Definition siehe M. Kawaguchi a.a.O.) entsteht eine zweischichtiges Wandstruktur aus 3 Zeltbahnen (innere, äußere, mittlere Zeltbahn). Die innere Schicht, vorzugsweise mit einem gegenüber Atmosphärendruck auf etwa 300 Pa erhöhten Druck, bildet die Haupttragstruktur der Wandkonstruktion. Vorteilhaft sind die begrenzenden Zeltbahnen (innere und mittlere Zeltbahn) zur Stabilisierung, Abstandshaltung und Unterdrückung der Konvektionsströmung durch flexible Stege verbunden. Der mit der Frischluftzufuhr der Klimaanlage gegebene leichte Überdruck im Innenraum unterstützt die Stabilität.While maintaining the pneumatic construction principles "air-supported construction" and "inflatable construction (support tube construction)" (definition see M. Kawaguchi op. cit.), a two-layer wall structure is created from 3 Tent sheeting (inner, outer, middle tent sheeting). The inner layer, preferably with a pressure increased to about 300 Pa compared to atmospheric pressure Main support structure of the wall structure. The limiting tent sheets are advantageous (inner and middle tent sheet) for stabilization, spacing and suppression the convection flow connected by flexible webs. The one with the Fresh air supply to the air conditioning system supports given slight excess pressure in the interior the stability.

Die zweite, äußere Luftschicht zwischen mittlerer und äußerer Zeltbahn steht sowohl in Bodennähe als auch im Firstbereich durch Lufteintrittsöffnungen und Luftaustrittsöffnungen (z.B. Lufteintritts- oder Luftaustrittsgitter) mit der Umgebungsluft in Verbindung. Erwärmt sich die äußere Zeltbahn aufgrund von Sonneneinstrahlung gegenüber der Umgebungstemperatur, springt eine aufsteigende Konvektionsströmung innerhalb dieser an allen Außenwänden des Gebäudes befindlichen Kammern an.The second, outer layer of air between the middle and outer tent sheet is both near the ground as well as in the ridge area through air inlet openings and air outlet openings (e.g. air inlet or outlet grille) in connection with the ambient air. The outer tent sheet heats up due to sunshine compared to the ambient temperature, an ascending convection flow jumps within these chambers located on all outer walls of the building on.

Als Abstandshalter und gleichzeitig als zweite, redundante Tragstruktur wirken druckbeaufschlagte Stützschläuche zwischen der mittleren und äußeren Zeltbahn. Die Stützschläuche können einzeln aufgeblasen werden. Act as a spacer and at the same time as a second, redundant support structure pressurized support hoses between the middle and outer tent sheet. The support hoses can be inflated individually.

Um im Falle erwarteter hoher Sonneneinstrahlung die Wärmeübertragung von der bestrahlten äußeren Zeltbahn, olivgrün für den militärischen Einsatz, in den Innenraum deutlich zu begrenzen, kann es zweckmäßig sein, die mittlere Zeltbahn mit ihrer nach außen gewandten Oberfläche durch eine geeignete metallische Beschichtung oder Bedampfung im Wellenlängenbereich der Wärmestrahlung zu verspiegeln.In order to prevent the transfer of heat from the Irradiated outer tent sheet, olive green for military use, in the interior to limit clearly, it may be appropriate to use the middle tent sheet surface facing outwards with a suitable metallic coating or to reflect vaporization in the wavelength range of the thermal radiation.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion der zweifachen Luftschichten wird der Wärmedurchgang gegenüber der einfachen Zeltbahn deutlich verringert. Auch für sonnenbestrahlte Flächen bestimmt sich die Kühlleistung nur aus der Differenz von Umgebungs- und Innenraumtemperatur (und nicht aus der Differenz von Oberflächen- und Innenraumtemperatur!).With the construction of the double layers of air according to the invention Heat transfer significantly reduced compared to the simple tent sheet. Also for sun-exposed areas, the cooling capacity is determined only from the difference of Ambient and indoor temperature (and not from the difference of surface and interior temperature!).

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahme ist, die Grundfläche des pneumatischen Gebäudes möglichst quadratisch und die Form des Gebäudes im senkrechten Querschnitt elliptisch oder in ähnlicher Weise gekrümmt zu wählen, so dass im Randbereich die Innenraumhöhe gerade ausreichend und diese in der Mitte nicht höher als für die ausreichende Stehhöhe und die Befestigung der Luftverteilung erforderlich ist.Another advantageous measure is the footprint of the pneumatic building as square as possible and the shape of the building in a vertical cross-section to choose elliptical or similarly curved, so that the Interior height just sufficient and this in the middle not higher than for the sufficient standing height and the attachment of the air distribution is required.

Die Aufgabe, die Aufbauzeit zu verkürzen und den Personalbedarf zu verringern, wird dadurch gelöst, dass nach dem manuellen Ausrollen des Gebäudepakets mittels eines vorzugsweise programmgesteuerten Luftverdichters zunächst die inneren tragenden, segmentierten Luftkammern der inneren Schicht und im nächsten Schritt die Stützschläuche (getrennt befüllt) zum Abheben der äußeren Zeltbahn unter Druck gesetzt werden. Die Umschaltung des Strömungsweges wird durch Drucksensoren (oder im Handbetrieb durch eine Druckanzeige) ausgelöst. Ebenso verläuft die Druckhaltung oder die Erhöhung der Innendrücke im Falle von bei hohen Windgeschwindigkeiten auftretenden Seitenkräften.The task of shortening the set-up time and reducing the personnel requirements will be solved in that after manually rolling out the building package by means of of a preferably program-controlled air compressor, first the inner ones load-bearing, segmented air chambers of the inner layer and in the next step the support hoses (filled separately) for lifting the outer tent sheet underneath Pressure. The switching of the flow path is done by pressure sensors (or triggered manually by a pressure display). The same goes for Maintaining pressure or increasing internal pressures in the event of high wind speeds occurring side forces.

Der Abbau der erfindungsgemäßen Wandkonstruktion wird durch sequentielles Absaugen des Überdrucks beschleunigt.The dismantling of the wall construction according to the invention is carried out sequentially Sucking off the overpressure accelerates.

In den folgenden Figuren werden konkrete Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Wandkonstruktion gemäß der Erfindung im Querschnitt,
Fig. 2
einen Ausschnitt der Wandkonstruktion gemäß der Erfindung im Längsschnitt,
Fig. 3
ein erfindungsgemäße Wandkonstruktion in Verbindung mit einem Shelter,
Fig. 4
das Blockschaltbild der Druckluftversorgung mit den Ventilen zur Umschaltung der Strömungswege.
Specific exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in the following figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
a wall structure according to the invention in cross section,
Fig. 2
a section of the wall construction according to the invention in longitudinal section,
Fig. 3
a wall construction according to the invention in connection with a shelter,
Fig. 4
the block diagram of the compressed air supply with the valves for switching the flow paths.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Querschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen pneumatischen Wandkonstruktion. Die Wandkonstruktion ist hier als nach drei Seiten (links, rechts, oben) geschlossene Struktur ausgebildet, die sich an den Seiten bis auf den Erdboden erstreckt. Die besonders für extreme Plus- und Minustemperaturen der Umgebung wichtige Leichtbau-Wärmedämmung wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine zweischichtige Ausbildung der Wandstruktur gebildet (innere Schicht 5, äußere Schicht 7), wobei die innere Schicht 5 von der inneren Zeltbahn 1 und der mittleren Zeltbahn 2 begrenzt wird, und die äußere Schicht 7 von der mittleren Zeltbahn 2 und der äußeren Zeltbahn 3 begrenzt wird (die Zeltbahnen werden im Folgenden auch als Folie bezeichnet). Die Form der Wandkonstruktion über dem Boden 4 ist vorzugsweise elliptisch oder ähnlich dem Teil einer Ellipse (im vertikalen Längs- und Querschnitt), um im Randbereich ausreichenden Bodenabstand, bei andererseits möglichst geringer Außenoberfläche zu gewährleisten. Die Kammer 5 mit der inneren Luftschicht ist einmal wegen eines möglichen Beschusses, andererseits wegen der Formhaltung unter Überdruck durch Stege 6 aufgeteilt. Die Luftverbindung ist durch Rückschlagventile gesichert (nicht dargestellt). Der Folienabstand zwischen Folie 1 und 2 bemisst sich einerseits aus der bei gegebener Raumgröße erforderlichen pneumatischen Steifigkeit, andererseits aus der thermodynamischen Gegebenheit einer für nahezu senkrechte Luftschichten optimalen Dämmung, unabhängig von der Temperatur, von etwa 50 mm.Fig. 1 shows a cross section of the pneumatic wall construction according to the invention. The wall construction is here on three sides (left, right, above) closed structure formed, which extends to the sides to the ground extends. The particularly for extreme plus and minus temperatures of the environment important lightweight thermal insulation according to the invention is a two-layer Formation of the wall structure formed (inner layer 5, outer layer 7), wherein the inner layer 5 bounded by the inner tent sheet 1 and the middle tent sheet 2 , and the outer layer 7 of the middle tent sheet 2 and the outer Tent sheeting 3 is limited (the tent sheeting will also be called a foil below designated). The shape of the wall construction above the floor 4 is preferred elliptical or similar to the part of an ellipse (in vertical longitudinal and cross-section), in order to have sufficient ground clearance in the edge area, on the other hand if possible to ensure a low external surface. The chamber 5 with the inner air layer is because of a possible fire, on the other hand because of the Shape keeping under pressure divided by webs 6. The air connection is through Check valves secured (not shown). The film distance between film 1 and 2 is measured on the one hand from the required for a given room size pneumatic rigidity, on the other hand from the thermodynamic conditions an optimal insulation for almost vertical layers of air, regardless of the Temperature, of about 50 mm.

Die äußere Luftschicht 7 steht über Lufteintrittsöffnungen 8 in Bodennähe und Austrittsöffnungen 9 im Bereich des Firsts mit der Umgebung in Verbindung. Die Lufteintrittsöffnungen sind gitterförmig ausgeführt. In Bodennähe erstrecken sie sich entlang mindestens eines Teilbereichs des Gebäudeumfangs. Die Öffnungen können, insbesondere bei Regen und im Winter, verschlossen werden. Bei Erwärmung der äußeren Folie 3 entsteht in der Kammer 7 zwischen mittlerer Folie 2 und äußerer Folie 3 eine nach oben gerichtete Konvektionsströmung. Diese erwärmt die aufsteigende Luft infolge einer Überhitzung der Außenfolie 3 um so weniger, je größer der Abstand zwischen den Folien 2 und 3 gewählt wird. Damit kann sich das Maß für den Abstand Folie 2 - Folie 3 aus dem für die Steifigkeit der Stützschläuche 20, Fig. 2, notwendigen Durchmesser ergeben. Eine Größe von 75 bis 120 mm entspricht dem bevorzugten Bereich. Für den militärischen Einsatz kann eine Beschussfestigkeit für leichte Waffen und gegen Splitter wünschenswert sein. Dies kann durch Belegen der äußeren Folie 3 mit einem kinetische Energie absorbierenden Gewebe, z.B. mit Kevlar verstärkt, erfolgen. Innerhalb der äußeren Schicht 7 sind die bereits erwähnten pneumatischen Stützschläuche 20 angeordnet, die als zusätzliche Tragestruktur und als Abstandshalter zwischen mittlerer Folie 2 und äußerer Folie 3 dienen.The outer air layer 7 stands above the air inlet openings 8 near the ground and Outlet openings 9 in the area of the ridge in connection with the environment. The Air inlet openings are grid-shaped. They extend near the ground along at least a portion of the perimeter of the building. The openings can be locked, especially when it rains and in winter. When warming the outer film 3 is formed in the chamber 7 between the middle film 2 and outer film 3 an upward convection flow. This warms the rising air due to overheating of the outer film 3, the less, ever larger the distance between the slides 2 and 3 is selected. So that can Measure for the distance foil 2 - foil 3 from the for the rigidity of the support hoses 20, Fig. 2, necessary diameter. A size from 75 to 120 mm corresponds to the preferred range. For military use it can be bulletproof be desirable for light weapons and against splinters. This can by covering the outer film 3 with a kinetic energy absorbing Tissue, e.g. reinforced with Kevlar. Within the outer layer 7 are the already mentioned pneumatic support hoses 20 arranged as additional Support structure and as a spacer between the middle film 2 and outer film 3 serve.

In Fig. 3 ist ein mit einem Container 30 verbundene erfindungsgemäße Wandkonstruktion 31 dargestellt. Die Wandkonstruktion 31 ist durch die Öffnung 32 an der Container-Längswand zu betreten, wobei vorzugsweise die Tür als Klappe 33 und gleichzeitig als Rampe zum Ausgleich des Unterschieds der Bodenhöhen ausgebildet ist und als Palette zum Verpacken der Wandkonstruktion dienen kann.3 is a wall construction according to the invention connected to a container 30 31 shown. The wall structure 31 is through the opening 32 on the To enter the longitudinal wall of the container, preferably the door as flap 33 and also designed as a ramp to compensate for the difference in floor heights is and can serve as a pallet for packing the wall construction.

Sollte die Wandkonstruktion als Durchgang oder Zwischenraum zwischen zwei Containern vorgesehen sein, so ist auch eine rein zylindrische Konstruktion mit zwei senkrechten Stirnwänden möglich.Should the wall construction be a passage or space between two Containers are provided, so is a purely cylindrical construction with two vertical end walls possible.

Um im Falle einer ABC-Bedrohung und im allgemeinen aus hygienischen Gründen den Eintritt evtl. schadstoffbelasteter Außenluft durch Undichtigkeiten des Gebäudes auszuschließen, bilden die innere Folie 1 der Tragstruktur und die mit Bodenplatten 34 abgedeckte Bodenfolie 4 eine durchgehende Hülle des Innenraums 35.To in case of an ABC threat and generally for hygienic reasons the entry of possibly polluted outside air through leaks in the building to exclude, form the inner film 1 of the support structure and those with base plates 34 covered base film 4 a continuous covering of the interior 35.

Der in Fig. 4 als Blockschaltbild dargestellte Aufbau der Druckluftversorgung und Ansteuerung besteht aus dem Luftverdichter 40 mit Motor 41, der die Luft durch den Filter 42 ansaugt. Zum Aufblasen der Druckluftkammern wird die verdichtete Luft durch das 3/2-Magnetventil 43 zum Ventil gleicher Bauart 44 geleitet und hier sequentiell zur Haupttragstruktur, Pfeil 45, bzw. zu den Stützschläuchen, Pfeil 46, geleitet. Die Rückschlagventile 47, 48 verhindern die Rückströmung.The structure of the compressed air supply and shown in Fig. 4 as a block diagram Control consists of the air compressor 40 with motor 41, which the air through the Filter 42 sucks. The compressed air is used to inflate the compressed air chambers passed through the 3/2 solenoid valve 43 to the valve of the same type 44 and here sequentially to the main support structure, arrow 45, or to the support hoses, arrow 46, directed. The check valves 47, 48 prevent the backflow.

Zum Abbau der pneumatischen Wandstruktion, also zum durch das Absaugen des Luftverdichters 40 beschleunigten Abblasen des Überdrucks und Entleeren der Luftkammern wird zunächst das Absperrventil 49 geöffnet, dann das 3/2-Magnetventil 43 gemäß Pfeil 50 auf Abblasen gestellt, schließlich mit dem 3/2-Magnetventil 51 die Entleerung auf den Wegen 46 und 45 eingeleitet.To dismantle the pneumatic wall structure, i.e. by vacuuming the Air compressor 40 accelerated blowing off the excess pressure and emptying the Air chambers, the shutoff valve 49 is first opened, then the 3/2 solenoid valve 43 set to blow off according to arrow 50, finally with the 3/2 solenoid valve 51 Emptying initiated on paths 46 and 45.

Die Stromversorgung der Druckluftanlage erfolgt aus dem Netz des energieautarken Systems mittels der Leitung 52. Die Steuerung 53, z. B. eine speicherprogrammierbare Steuerung, erhält manuell den Befehl zur Einleitung des Aufblas- bzw. Abblasvorgangs, die Aufrechterhaltung des Luftdrucks in den Kammern wird durch nicht dargestellte Sensoren überwacht, die mittels der Signalleitungen 54 mit dem Steuergerät 53 in Verbindung stehen.The compressed air system is supplied with power from the self-sufficient network Systems by means of line 52. The controller 53, z. B. a programmable logic controller Control, manually receives the command to initiate the inflation or deflation process, the maintenance of air pressure in the chambers is not through sensors shown monitors that by means of the signal lines 54 to the control unit 53 are connected.

Claims (7)

Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion, gekennzeichnet durch eine zweischichtige, aus drei flexiblen Zeltbahnen (1,2,3) gebildete Wandstruktur, wobei die innere Schicht (5), begrenzt von der inneren (1) und der mittleren (2) Zeltbahn, eine aufblasbare Schicht ist, die die Haupttragstruktur der Wandkonstruktion bildet, und die äußere Schicht (7), begrenzt von der mittleren Zeltbahn (2) und der äußeren (3) Zeltbahn, einen Konvektionsraum bildet, der von der Umgebungsluft in aufsteigender Richtung durchströmbar ist, um damit eine hohe Wärmedämmung und um im Falle der Kühlung des Innenraums die erhöhten Temperaturen an der äußeren Zeltbahn (3) fernzuhalten, und dass zwischen mittlerer (2) und äußerer (3) Zeltbahn aufblasbare Stützschläuche (20) als Redundanz der Haupttragstruktur und als Abstandshalter vorhanden sind.Pneumatic wall construction, characterized by a two-layer wall structure formed from three flexible tent sheets (1, 2, 3), the inner layer (5), delimited by the inner (1) and the middle (2) tent sheet, being an inflatable layer, which forms the main supporting structure of the wall construction, and the outer layer (7), delimited by the middle tent sheet (2) and the outer (3) tent sheet, forms a convection space through which the ambient air can flow in an ascending direction in order to provide high thermal insulation and in order to keep the elevated temperatures at the outer tent sheet (3) away in the case of cooling of the interior, and that there are inflatable support tubes (20) between the middle (2) and outer (3) tent sheet as redundancy of the main supporting structure and as a spacer. Pneumatische Wankkonstruktion nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die innere Schicht (5) zur Unterdrückung der Konvektion durch Stege (6) unterteilt ist, die perforiert, mit Löchern versehen oder nur teilweise den Querschnitt versperrend ausgebildet sind.Pneumatic roll construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner layer (5) for suppressing the convection is divided by webs (6) which are perforated, provided with holes or only partially designed to block the cross section. Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mittlere Zeltbahn (2) auf ihrer nach außen gewandten Seite mit einer Wärmestrahlung reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen ist.Pneumatic wall construction according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the middle tent sheet (2) is provided on its outward-facing side with a coating reflecting heat radiation. Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Zeltbahn (3) in Bodennähe mindestens teilweise mit Lufteintrittsöffnungen (8) ausgestattet ist, die verschließbar sind.Pneumatic wall construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer tent sheet (3) near the ground is at least partially equipped with air inlet openings (8) which can be closed. Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Zeltbahn im Firstbereich mit verschließbaren Luftaustrittsöffnungen (9) ausgestattet ist, so dass die innerhalb der äußeren Schicht (7) aufsteigende Luft entweichen kann. Pneumatic wall construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer tent sheet in the ridge area is equipped with closable air outlet openings (9) so that the air rising within the outer layer (7) can escape. Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass deren Auf- und Abbauvorgang hinsichtlich des Aufblasens und der Druckentlastung der pneumatischen Elemente programmgesteuert sequentiell erfolgen kann.Pneumatic wall construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its assembly and disassembly process can be carried out sequentially in a program-controlled manner with regard to the inflation and the pressure relief of the pneumatic elements. Pneumatische Wandkonstruktion nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Zeltbahn (3) mit einer energieabsorbierenden Gewebematte, vorzugsweise aus Kevlar oder Kevlar-verstärkt, als Schutz gegen Beschuss mit leichten Waffen und als Splitterschutz abgedeckt ist oder dass die energieabsorbierende Gewebematte selbst die äußere Zeltbahn bildet.Pneumatic wall construction according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer tent sheet (3) is covered with an energy-absorbing fabric mat, preferably made of Kevlar or Kevlar-reinforced, as protection against shelling with light weapons and as a splinter protection or that the energy-absorbing fabric mat itself outer tent sheet forms.
EP01116311A 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 Pneumatic wall construction Expired - Lifetime EP1273743B1 (en)

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EP01116311A EP1273743B1 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 Pneumatic wall construction
DE50113005T DE50113005D1 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 Pneumatic wall construction
AT01116311T ATE373155T1 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 PNEUMATIC WALL CONSTRUCTION
US09/910,947 US6598613B2 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-24 Pneumatic wall structure and a method of making and erecting same

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EP01116311A EP1273743B1 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-05 Pneumatic wall construction
US09/910,947 US6598613B2 (en) 2001-07-05 2001-07-24 Pneumatic wall structure and a method of making and erecting same

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WO2018072253A1 (en) * 2016-10-21 2018-04-26 温建权 Canopy tent and inflatable top cover thereof
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Also Published As

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EP1273743B1 (en) 2007-09-12
US6598613B2 (en) 2003-07-29
ATE373155T1 (en) 2007-09-15
US20030019515A1 (en) 2003-01-30

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