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EP1258848B1 - Optical smoke detector - Google Patents

Optical smoke detector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1258848B1
EP1258848B1 EP02009657A EP02009657A EP1258848B1 EP 1258848 B1 EP1258848 B1 EP 1258848B1 EP 02009657 A EP02009657 A EP 02009657A EP 02009657 A EP02009657 A EP 02009657A EP 1258848 B1 EP1258848 B1 EP 1258848B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
partition wall
measuring chamber
smoke detector
openings
optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02009657A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1258848A2 (en
EP1258848A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Röpke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Job Lizenz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1258848A2 publication Critical patent/EP1258848A2/en
Publication of EP1258848A3 publication Critical patent/EP1258848A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1258848B1 publication Critical patent/EP1258848B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to claim 1.
  • Optical smoke detectors are known in various embodiments. Usually located in a measuring chamber, can penetrate into the ambient air, however, if possible, hardly any outside light, an optical measuring path, which determines when smoke penetrates into the track. If such detectors are connected to a large number of other detectors to a system, they are usually in communication with a center, which emits an alarm when a detector detects the presence of smoke. In many cases, however, it is also desirable to couple the alarm directly to an audible alarm. Such combinations have already become known. In the following, some well-known examples will be discussed, which are described in accompanying drawings according to the FIGS. 2 to 4 are shown schematically.
  • the device consists essentially of a round housing 1, which has a smoke chamber 2 towards one end face 14 and an acoustic chamber 4 towards the other end face. Between the smoke chamber 2 and the sound chamber 4 is a partition wall 5.
  • the oppositely arranged jointly acting as a light barrier and arranged on the cylindrical housing inner wall 16 light optical elements 7, 8 are housed.
  • the smoke can enter through existing in the middle of the detector smoke chamber 2 limiting end wall 14 openings 6 to reach the Meßlichtstrahl and to attenuate its intensity. If a certain amount of smoke is present, the sound generator 3 attached to the adjacent sound chamber 4 at its front side 15 is activated.
  • the trained as a loudspeaker sounder 3 acts simultaneously as a pump for the smoke.
  • the diaphragm of the sounder is initially limited to a low oscillation frequency.
  • the partition wall 5 contains a plurality of air passage openings 10 with one-way or check valves, so that air from the sound chamber 4 can flow into the smoke chamber 2.
  • the end face 15 of the sound chamber 4 also contains the same purpose serving openings. 9
  • Such a smoke detector with sounder has several disadvantages. Usually, a smoke detector is to be fixed to the ceiling, and for all radial directions of flow good responsiveness must be present. However, the smoke inlet 6 arranged on the one end face 14 and the sound generator 3 attached on the other end face 15 do not provide for this. Furthermore, loudspeakers do not meet the demands made with regard to the susceptibility of the mechanical components, their size and above all the required high energy in case of alarm, since this type fire detectors are usually operated with a battery.
  • Known fire detector 19 is fixed to a ceiling 20 and consists of a base 21 and an insert 22.
  • a relatively small optical measuring chamber 25 eccentrically mounted in the alarm housing 23.
  • a sounder 29 is arranged, which contains a piezo-disk 29.
  • a cylindrical projection 27 is arranged, on the end face 26 of the piezo-disk 29 rests. From an opening 28 in the end face 26 of the sound leaves the housing substantially parallel to the axis.
  • the known construction takes into account the attachment of the smoke detector to the ceiling, but has disadvantages in the smoke detection and the Sound propagation up. It is obstructed from all sides uniform penetration of the smoke into the measuring chamber 25 through lying at the periphery of the inlet openings by the sounder 29 and the projection 27. Furthermore, only an insufficient sensitivity is achieved by the measuring chamber 25 due to their small dimensions and thus relevant for the generation of the measured value smaller scattering volume. Also, the sound is mainly directed to the floor located below the detector. From a smoke detector is expected at a monitored surface area to 120m 2, however, that in case of alarm the warning sound can be heard in adjacent rooms.
  • the in Fig. 4 illustrated smoke detector with sounder is mounted by means of an installation base 32 to the ceiling 20.
  • the fire detector 31 has an exchangeable detector insert 33.
  • the measuring chamber is mounted on the circuit board 36 centric to the axis.
  • the smoke may enter the measuring chamber 35 through openings 37 in the cylindrical part of the housing 34.
  • a sound generator 38 is arranged above the board 36 in the region of a larger-diameter shoulder of the housing 34. The sound exits through lateral openings 39 of the housing 34.
  • a sounder 40 is disposed above the board 36.
  • the sound first passes through a hole 41 present in the circuit board 36, in order subsequently to take the path to the outside via housing openings.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an optical smoke detector with sounder, which has a good acoustic effect, however, suffers no loss in terms of smoke detection.
  • the housing shape of the smoke detector should be visually appealing.
  • the sounder is arranged on the partition wall, preferably in the middle above a hole in the partition wall.
  • the sound generator is preferably formed by a piezoelectric disk, which is preferably supported on a cylindrical projection on the partition wall. The opening thus lies in front of the antinode of the piezo disc. The sound generated by the sounder initially passes axially through the opening in the partition wall and is deflected in the measuring chamber and leaves under multiple reflections in the measuring chamber through this through lateral openings.
  • the openings are preferably arranged over the entire circumference of the detector housing, preferably at a uniform spacing. This allows a uniform radial radiation in the room in which the detector is located on the ceiling, occur.
  • the measuring chamber is preferably a resonance chamber, whereby the sound effect of the sound generator undergoes a significant reinforcement.
  • the sound detector is integrated in the detector so that a good acoustic effect occurs, however, a functional and visually appealing symmetrical housing shape and an optimal construction of the measuring chamber is made possible.
  • the placement or attachment of the sounder is vibration resistant, space-saving and ensures a uniform emission of sound. By taking place in a substantially radial to the Meldeachse sound radiation a far-reaching aligned propagation is achieved.
  • a smoke detector is denoted overall by 51. He has an attached to the ceiling 20 installation base 52 and a detector insert 53.
  • the detector insert consists of a shell-like lower part 65 and a cap-like lid 64.
  • the said parts are incidentally circular on the circumference.
  • a measuring chamber 54 which extends at approximately the same height, substantially unhindered across the width of the detector 51 is bounded above by a horizontal partition wall 55 and down through a horizontal wall 61 of the Meßschgeophuses 62.
  • the partition 55 is supported on the edge on Meßschgeophuse via webs 63, which form between them openings which are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the detector 51.
  • From the partition wall 54 hollow and unilaterally open, rearwardly projecting lugs 56 are formed. They receive optical elements 59, 60 which are connected to a circuit board 58.
  • the board extends within the lid 64 approximately parallel to the partition wall 55 and at a distance therefrom.
  • the measuring chamber 62 is embedded in the rest in the shell-like lower part 65.
  • the shell-like lower part has at a distance circumferentially extending ribs 66 which coincide with the openings formed by the support webs 63 to allow the entry of ambient air into the measuring chamber 54 and thus also of smoke.
  • the webs 63 are specially designed so that no light from the environment can enter the measuring chamber 54.
  • An opening 69 is formed centrally in the dividing wall 55, and a hollow cylindrical projection 68 on the dividing wall 55, which extends toward the circuit board 58, carries a piezo disk 67. The sound indicated by the wavy line is generated by the piezo disk 67, which passes through first the opening 69 enters and is directed into the measuring chamber 54.
  • the sound hits the inside of Meßschwand 61, to be subsequently directed by multiple reflection between the partition wall 55 and the outer wall 61 of the housing to the ribs 63. There, the sound exits through the openings substantially radially in all directions with approximately the same volume.
  • the insert formed from parts 64 and 65 may be releasably attached to pedestal 52 in any known manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

An optical smoke detector has a housing which can be mounted on the ceiling (20) of a room, a measurement chamber (54) between a lower, approximately horizontal housing wall (61), and a partitioning wall (55) which has an optical measurement path and lateral openings for entry of ambient air. A circuit board (58) is arranged spaced from, and above the partitioning wall (55) and contains, besides an electronic circuit, the optical elements (59,60) for the measurement path. A central opening (69) is provided in the partitioning wall (55) and a sound source (67) is joined via conduction lines to the circuit board (58).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen optischen Rauchmelder nach Anspruch 1.The invention relates to an optical smoke detector according to claim 1.

Optische Rauchmelder sind in den verschiedensten Ausführungsformen bekannt. Üblicherweise befindet sich in einer Meßkammer, in die Umgebungsluft eindringen kann, jedoch nach Möglichkeit kaum Außenlicht, eine optische Meßstrecke, die feststellt, wenn in die Strecke Rauch eindringt. Werden derartige Melder mit einer Vielzahl von weiteren Meldern zu einer Anlage verbunden, sind diese meist mit einer Zentrale in Verbindung, welche einen Alarm abgibt, wenn ein Melder daß Vorhandensein von Rauch feststellt. In vielen Fällen ist jedoch auch erwünscht, mit dem Melder unmittelbar einen akustischen Alarmgeber zu koppeln. Derartige Kombinationen sind bereits bekannt geworden. Nachfolgend sollen einige bekannte Beispiele diskutiert werden, die in beiliegenden Zeichnungen gemäß den Figuren 2 bis 4 schematisch wiedergegeben sind.Optical smoke detectors are known in various embodiments. Usually located in a measuring chamber, can penetrate into the ambient air, however, if possible, hardly any outside light, an optical measuring path, which determines when smoke penetrates into the track. If such detectors are connected to a large number of other detectors to a system, they are usually in communication with a center, which emits an alarm when a detector detects the presence of smoke. In many cases, however, it is also desirable to couple the alarm directly to an audible alarm. Such combinations have already become known. In the following, some well-known examples will be discussed, which are described in accompanying drawings according to the FIGS. 2 to 4 are shown schematically.

Aus DE GM 82 10 633 ist der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Melder bekannt geworden. Das Gerät besteht im wesentlichen aus einem runden Gehäuse 1, das zur einen Stirnseite 14 hin eine Rauchkammer 2 und zur anderen Stirnseite hin eine Schallkammer 4 aufweist. Zwischen Rauchkammer 2 und Schallkammer 4 verläuft eine Trennwand 5. In der Rauchkammer 2 sind die gegenüberliegend angeordneten gemeinsam als Lichtschranke wirkenden und an der zylindrischen Gehäuseinnenwand 16 angeordneten lichtoptischen Elemente 7, 8 untergebracht. Der Rauch kann durch in der Meldermitte die Rauchkammer 2 begrenzenden Stirnwand 14 vorhandenen Öffnungen 6 eintreten, um den Meßlichtstrahl zu erreichen und dessen Intensität zu dämpfen. Bei Vorhandensein einer bestimmten Rauchmenge wird der bei der benachbarten Schallkammer 4 an deren Stirnseite 15 angebrachte Schallgeber 3 angesteuert. Der als Lautsprecher ausgebildete Schallgeber 3 wirkt gleichzeitig als Förderpumpe für den Rauch. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Membran des Schallgebers zunächst auf eine niedrige Schwingungsfrequenz begrenzt. Um die Pumpwirkung zu unterstützen, enthält die Trennwand 5 mehrere Luftdurchlaßöffnungen 10 mit Einweg- oder Rückschlagventilen, so daß Luft aus der Schallkammer 4 in die Rauchkammer 2 strömen kann. Die Stirnseite 15 der Schallkammer 4 enthält ebenfalls dem gleichen Zweck dienende Öffnungen 9.From DE GM 82 10 633 is the in Fig. 2 have become known detectors. The device consists essentially of a round housing 1, which has a smoke chamber 2 towards one end face 14 and an acoustic chamber 4 towards the other end face. Between the smoke chamber 2 and the sound chamber 4 is a partition wall 5. In the smoke chamber 2, the oppositely arranged jointly acting as a light barrier and arranged on the cylindrical housing inner wall 16 light optical elements 7, 8 are housed. The smoke can enter through existing in the middle of the detector smoke chamber 2 limiting end wall 14 openings 6 to reach the Meßlichtstrahl and to attenuate its intensity. If a certain amount of smoke is present, the sound generator 3 attached to the adjacent sound chamber 4 at its front side 15 is activated. The trained as a loudspeaker sounder 3 acts simultaneously as a pump for the smoke. For this purpose, the diaphragm of the sounder is initially limited to a low oscillation frequency. In order to support the pumping action, the partition wall 5 contains a plurality of air passage openings 10 with one-way or check valves, so that air from the sound chamber 4 can flow into the smoke chamber 2. The end face 15 of the sound chamber 4 also contains the same purpose serving openings. 9

Ein derartiger Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber weist mehrere Nachteile auf. Üblicherweise ist ein Rauchmelder an der Raumdecke zu befestigen, und für alle radialen Anströmungsrichtungen muß eine gute Ansprechempfindlichkeit vorhanden sein. Der an der einen Stirnseite 14 angeordnete Raucheintritt 6 und der an der anderen Stirnseite 15 angebrachte Schallgeber 3 sehen dies jedoch nicht vor. Des weiteren erfüllen Lautsprecher nicht die gestellten Anforderungen im Hinblick auf die Anfälligkeit der mechanischen Bauteile, ihrer Baugröße und vor allen Dingen der erforderlichen hohen Energie im Alarmfall, da diese Art Brandmelder zumeist mit einer Batterie betrieben sind.Such a smoke detector with sounder has several disadvantages. Usually, a smoke detector is to be fixed to the ceiling, and for all radial directions of flow good responsiveness must be present. However, the smoke inlet 6 arranged on the one end face 14 and the sound generator 3 attached on the other end face 15 do not provide for this. Furthermore, loudspeakers do not meet the demands made with regard to the susceptibility of the mechanical components, their size and above all the required high energy in case of alarm, since this type fire detectors are usually operated with a battery.

Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte bekannte Brandmelder 19 ist an einer Raumdecke 20 befestigt und besteht aus einem Sockel 21 und einem Einsatz 22. In dem geteilten Gehäuse 23 des Melders ist auf einer Platine 24 eine relativ kleine optische Meßkammer 25 außermittig im Meldegehäuse 23 angebracht. Ebenfalls außermittig ist ein Schallgeber 29 angeordnet, der eine Piezo-Scheibe 29 enthält. Innerhalb des Meldergehäuses 23 ist ein zylinderförmiger Ansatz 27 angeordnet, auf dessen Stirnfläche 26 die Piezo-Scheibe 29 ruht. Aus einer Öffnung 28 in der Stirnfläche 26 verläßt der Schall das Gehäuse im wesentlichen parallel zur Achse.The in Fig. 3 Known fire detector 19 is fixed to a ceiling 20 and consists of a base 21 and an insert 22. In the divided housing 23 of the detector is on a board 24, a relatively small optical measuring chamber 25 eccentrically mounted in the alarm housing 23. Also off-center is a sounder 29 is arranged, which contains a piezo-disk 29. Within the detector housing 23, a cylindrical projection 27 is arranged, on the end face 26 of the piezo-disk 29 rests. From an opening 28 in the end face 26 of the sound leaves the housing substantially parallel to the axis.

Die bekannte Konstruktion berücksichtigt zwar die Anbringung des Rauchmelders an der Raumdecke, weist jedoch Nachteile bei der Rauchdetektion und der Schallausbreitung auf. Es wird ein von allen Seiten gleichmäßiges Eindringen des Rauches in die Meßkammer 25 durch die an deren Umfang liegenden Eintrittsöffnungen durch den Schallgeber 29 und den Ansatz 27 behindert. Des weiteren wird durch die Meßkammer 25 aufgrund ihrer geringen Abmessungen und den damit für die Erzeugung des Meßwertes maßgeblichen kleineren Streuvolumens nur eine unzureichende Sensibilität erreicht. Auch wird der Schall hauptsächlich auf den sich unterhalb des Melders befindlichen Fußboden gerichtet. Von einem Rauchmelder wird bei einer zu überwachenden Schutzfläche bis 120m2 jedoch erwartet, daß im Alarmfall der Warnton in benachbarten Räumen gehört werden kann.Although the known construction takes into account the attachment of the smoke detector to the ceiling, but has disadvantages in the smoke detection and the Sound propagation up. It is obstructed from all sides uniform penetration of the smoke into the measuring chamber 25 through lying at the periphery of the inlet openings by the sounder 29 and the projection 27. Furthermore, only an insufficient sensitivity is achieved by the measuring chamber 25 due to their small dimensions and thus relevant for the generation of the measured value smaller scattering volume. Also, the sound is mainly directed to the floor located below the detector. From a smoke detector is expected at a monitored surface area to 120m 2, however, that in case of alarm the warning sound can be heard in adjacent rooms.

Der in Fig. 4 dargestellte Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber wird mit Hilfe eines Installationssockels 32 an der Raumdecke 20 angebracht. Der Brandmelder 31 verfügt über einen austauschbaren Meldereinsatz 33. In seinem Gehäuse 34 ist zentrisch zur Achse die Meßkammer an der Platine 36 angebracht. Der Rauch kann durch Öffnungen 37 im zylindrischen Teil des Gehäuses 34 in die Meßkammer 35 eintreten. Versetzt und teils unterhalb der Meßkammer 35 ist oberhalb der Platine 36 ein Schallgeber 38 im Bereich eines im Durchmesser größeren Absatzes des Gehäuses 34 angeordnet. Der Schall tritt durch seitliche Öffnungen 39 des Gehäuses 34 aus.The in Fig. 4 illustrated smoke detector with sounder is mounted by means of an installation base 32 to the ceiling 20. The fire detector 31 has an exchangeable detector insert 33. In its housing 34, the measuring chamber is mounted on the circuit board 36 centric to the axis. The smoke may enter the measuring chamber 35 through openings 37 in the cylindrical part of the housing 34. Offset and partly below the measuring chamber 35, a sound generator 38 is arranged above the board 36 in the region of a larger-diameter shoulder of the housing 34. The sound exits through lateral openings 39 of the housing 34.

Dieser bekannte Rauchmelder erfüllt zwar die Anforderungen an die Rauchdetektion, ist jedoch im Hinblick auf die Schallausbreitung nachteilig. So prallt der von der Piezoscheibe des Schallgebers 38 erzeugte Schall teilweise gegen die Unterseite der Meßkammer 35 und wird dadurch in den Melderinnenraum geleitet, von dem er nicht in die Melderumgebung austreten kann. Dadurch tritt eine Lautstärkenreduzierung ein. Ebenfalls nachteilig ist die starke richtungsabhängige Abstrahlung des Alarmtons durch die nur vor dem Schallgeber vorhandenen Öffnungen 39 und die Abschattung des Alarmtons durch den die Meßkammer 35 umgebenden zylindrischen Teil des Gehäuses 34.Although this known smoke detector meets the requirements for smoke detection, but is disadvantageous in terms of sound propagation. Thus, the sound generated by the piezoelectric disc of the sounder 38 partially bounces against the underside of the measuring chamber 35 and is thereby directed into the detector interior, from which he can not escape into the detector environment. This causes a volume reduction. Also disadvantageous is the strong directional radiation of the alarm sound through the existing only in front of the sounder openings 39 and the shadowing of the alarm sound by the measuring chamber 35 surrounding the cylindrical part of the housing 34th

In Fig. 4 ist mit strichpunktierter Linie eine Alternative angedeutet. Hierbei ist ein Schallgeber 40 oberhalb der Platine 36 angeordnet. Der Schall passiert zunächst ein in der Platine 36 vorhandenes Loch 41, um anschließend den Weg in das Äußere über Gehäuseöffnungen zu nehmen.In Fig. 4 is indicated by dash-dotted line an alternative. Here, a sounder 40 is disposed above the board 36. The sound first passes through a hole 41 present in the circuit board 36, in order subsequently to take the path to the outside via housing openings.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen optischen Rauchmelder mit Schallgeber zu schaffen, der eine gute akustische Wirkung aufweist, gleichwohl im Hinblick auf die Rauchdetektion keine Einbuße erleidet. Außerdem soll die Gehäuseform des Rauchmelders optisch ansprechend sein.The invention has for its object to provide an optical smoke detector with sounder, which has a good acoustic effect, however, suffers no loss in terms of smoke detection. In addition, the housing shape of the smoke detector should be visually appealing.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Durch eine annähernd horizontal verlaufende Trennwand ist eine untere, sich über die Breite des Meldergehäuses erstreckende Meßkammer von einem Raum oberhalb der Trennwand getrennt, der seinerseits durch die die elektronische Schaltung enthaltende Platine unterteilt ist, die im Abstand zur Trennwand liegt. In diesem Raum ist auf der Trennwand der Schallgeber angeordnet, vorzugsweise in der Mitte oberhalb eines Loches in der Trennwand. Der Schallgeber wird vorzugsweise von einer Piezoscheibe gebildet, die vorzugsweise auf einem zylindrischen Ansatz auf der Trennwand abgestützt ist. Die Öffnung liegt somit vor dem Schwingungsbauch der Piezoscheibe. Der von dem Schallgeber erzeugte Schall tritt zunächst axial durch die Öffnung in der Trennwand und wird in der Meßkammer umgelenkt und verläßt unter Mehrfachreflexionen in der Meßkammer diese durch seitliche Öffnungen. Die Öffnungen sind vorzugsweise über den gesamten Umfang des Meldergehäuses, vorzugsweise in gleichmäßigem Abstand, angeordnet. Dadurch kann eine gleichmäßige radiale Abstrahlung in den Raum, in dem sich der Melder an der Decke befindet, stattfinden. Die Meßkammer ist vorzugsweise ein Resonanzraum, wodurch die Schallwirkung des Schallgebers eine deutliche Verstärkung erfährt.By an approximately horizontally extending partition wall, a lower, over the width of the detector housing extending measuring chamber is separated from a space above the partition, which in turn is divided by the circuit containing the electronic circuit, which is at a distance from the partition wall. In this room, the sounder is arranged on the partition wall, preferably in the middle above a hole in the partition wall. The sound generator is preferably formed by a piezoelectric disk, which is preferably supported on a cylindrical projection on the partition wall. The opening thus lies in front of the antinode of the piezo disc. The sound generated by the sounder initially passes axially through the opening in the partition wall and is deflected in the measuring chamber and leaves under multiple reflections in the measuring chamber through this through lateral openings. The openings are preferably arranged over the entire circumference of the detector housing, preferably at a uniform spacing. This allows a uniform radial radiation in the room in which the detector is located on the ceiling, occur. The measuring chamber is preferably a resonance chamber, whereby the sound effect of the sound generator undergoes a significant reinforcement.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Rauchmelder ist der Schallmelder derart im Melder integriert, daß eine gute akustische Wirkung eintritt, gleichwohl eine funktionelle und optisch ansprechende symmetrische Gehäuseform sowie eine optimale Konstruktion der Meßkammer ermöglicht ist. Die Unterbringung bzw. Anbringung des Schallgebers ist schwingungssteif, raumsparend und stellt eine gleichmäßige Abstrahlung des Schalls sicher. Durch die im wesentlich radial zur Meldeachse erfolgende Schallabstrahlung wird eine weittragende ausgerichtete Ausbreitung erreicht.In the smoke detector according to the invention, the sound detector is integrated in the detector so that a good acoustic effect occurs, however, a functional and visually appealing symmetrical housing shape and an optimal construction of the measuring chamber is made possible. The placement or attachment of the sounder is vibration resistant, space-saving and ensures a uniform emission of sound. By taking place in a substantially radial to the Meldeachse sound radiation a far-reaching aligned propagation is achieved.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Anspruchs 1 finden sich in Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments of claim 1 can be found in subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen schematisch dargestellten Rauchmelder nach der Erfindung.
Fig. 2 bis 4
zeigen schematisch Rauchmelder nach dem Stand der Technik.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
Fig. 1
shows a section through a schematically illustrated smoke detector according to the invention.
Fig. 2 to 4
show schematically smoke detectors according to the prior art.

Die Rauchmelder nach dem Stand der Technik wurden weiter oben bereits erläutert. Hierauf wird nachfolgend nicht mehr eingegangen.The smoke detectors of the prior art have already been explained above. This will not be discussed below.

In Fig. 1 is ein Rauchmelder insgesamt mit 51 bezeichnet. Er weist einen an der Raumdecke 20 befestigten Installationssockel 52 und einen Meldereinsatz 53 auf. Der Meldereinsatz besteht aus einem schalenartigen Unterteil 65 und einem kappenartigen Deckel 64. Das Unterteil 65, daß ebenso wie der Deckel 64 aus Kunststoffmaterial geformt ist, bildet den Außenteil des Melders 51. Die genannten Teile sind nebenbei am Umfang kreisförmig.In Fig. 1 a smoke detector is denoted overall by 51. He has an attached to the ceiling 20 installation base 52 and a detector insert 53. The detector insert consists of a shell-like lower part 65 and a cap-like lid 64. The lower part 65, that as well as the lid 64 made of plastic material is formed, forms the outer part of the detector 51. The said parts are incidentally circular on the circumference.

Eine Meßkammer 54, die sich mit annähernd gleicher Höhe, im wesentlichen ungehindert über die Breite des Melders 51 erstreckt, wird nach oben durch eine horizontale Trennwand 55 begrenzt und nach unten durch eine horizontale Wand 61 des Meßkammergehäuses 62. Die Trennwand 55 stützt sich am Rand am Meßkammergehäuse über Stege 63 ab, die zwischen sich Öffnungen bilden, die über den Umfang des Melders 51 gleichmäßig verteilt sind. Aus der Trennwand 54 sind hohle und einseitig geöffnete, nach hinten ragende Ansätze 56 gebildet. Sie nehmen optische Elemente 59, 60 auf, die mit einer Platine 58 verbunden sind. Die Platine erstreckt sich innerhalb des Deckels 64 annähernd parallel zur Trennwand 55 und im Abstand zu dieser. Die Meßkammer 62 ist im übrigen in das schalenartige Unterteil 65 eingebettet. Das schalenartige Unterteil weist im Abstand am Umfang verlaufende Rippen 66 auf, die mit den von den Stützstegen 63 gebildeten Öffnungen koinzidieren, um den Eintritt von Umgebungsluft in die Meßkammer 54 und damit auch von Rauch zu ermöglichen. Die Stege 63 sind speziell ausgebildet, damit kein Licht aus der Umgebung in die Meßkammer 54 eintreten kann. Mittig in der Trennwand 55 ist eine Öffnung 69 geformt, und ein hohlzylindrischer Ansatz 68 auf der Trennwand 55, der sich zur Platine 58 hin erstreckt, trägt eine Piezoscheibe 67. Der durch die Wellenlinie angedeutete Schall wird durch die Piezoscheibe 67 erzeugt, der zunächst durch die Öffnung 69 tritt und in die Meßkammer 54 geleitet wird. Dort trifft der Schall auf die Innenseite der Meßkammerwand 61, um anschließend durch Mehrfachreflexion zwischen der Trennwand 55 und der Außenwand 61 des Gehäuses zu den Rippen 63 gelenkt zu werden. Dort tritt der Schall durch die Öffnungen im wesentlich radial in alle Richtung mit annähernd gleicher Lautstärke aus.A measuring chamber 54, which extends at approximately the same height, substantially unhindered across the width of the detector 51 is bounded above by a horizontal partition wall 55 and down through a horizontal wall 61 of the Meßkammergehäuses 62. The partition 55 is supported on the edge on Meßkammergehäuse via webs 63, which form between them openings which are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the detector 51. From the partition wall 54 hollow and unilaterally open, rearwardly projecting lugs 56 are formed. They receive optical elements 59, 60 which are connected to a circuit board 58. The board extends within the lid 64 approximately parallel to the partition wall 55 and at a distance therefrom. The measuring chamber 62 is embedded in the rest in the shell-like lower part 65. The shell-like lower part has at a distance circumferentially extending ribs 66 which coincide with the openings formed by the support webs 63 to allow the entry of ambient air into the measuring chamber 54 and thus also of smoke. The webs 63 are specially designed so that no light from the environment can enter the measuring chamber 54. An opening 69 is formed centrally in the dividing wall 55, and a hollow cylindrical projection 68 on the dividing wall 55, which extends toward the circuit board 58, carries a piezo disk 67. The sound indicated by the wavy line is generated by the piezo disk 67, which passes through first the opening 69 enters and is directed into the measuring chamber 54. There, the sound hits the inside of Meßkammerwand 61, to be subsequently directed by multiple reflection between the partition wall 55 and the outer wall 61 of the housing to the ribs 63. There, the sound exits through the openings substantially radially in all directions with approximately the same volume.

Der aus den Teilen 64 und 65 gebildete Einsatz kann in irgendeiner bekannten Art und Weise lösbar am Sockel 52 angebracht werden.The insert formed from parts 64 and 65 may be releasably attached to pedestal 52 in any known manner.

Claims (7)

  1. An optical smoke detector, with
    • a casing that is adapted to be attached on the ceiling (20) of a room by way of suitable means,
    • a measuring chamber (54) between a lower, approximately horizontal casing wall (61) and a partition wall (55) running in a distance and parallel to the lower casing wall (61), which features an optical measurement path,
    • radial entrance openings in the measuring chamber (54) for the entrance of surroundings air,
    • an actuation circuit board (58) arranged in a distance to and above the partition wall (55), which holds the optical elements (59, 60) for the measurement path besides to an electronic circuitry, the holders for said optical elements extending through openings in the partition wall (55),
    • a preferably central opening (69) in the partition wall (55), and
    • a sounder (67) arranged above the partition wall (55), which is connected to the circuit board (58) via lines, wherein the entrance openings form openings for the exit of sound when the sounder is activated, via which openings the sound reflected several times between the partition wall (55) and the lower casing wall exits.
  2. An optical smoke detector according to claim 1, characterised in that the sounder (67) is formed by a piezo crystal disc that is fixed on a hollow cylindrical projection (68) on the partition wall (55) which extends in the direction to the circuit board (58), approximately coaxially to the opening (69).
  3. An optical smoke detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the measuring chamber (54) is shaped as a resonance cavity.
  4. An optical smoke detector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lateral openings of the measuring chamber (54) are distributed approximately uniformly over the circumference of the measuring chamber (54).
  5. An optical smoke detector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the partition wall (55) is supported on the measuring chamber wall (61) via bridges (63) on the circumference of the measuring chamber (54), which delimit the lateral openings.
  6. An optical smoke detector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the optical elements are arranged in hollow projections (56, 57) of the partition wall (55), which have a lateral opening.
  7. An optical smoke detector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that partition wall (55) and measuring chamber wall (61) are arranged in a shell-like bottom part (65) made of plastic material, which is covered up by a cap-like cover (64), and that bottom part (65) and cover (64) form an insert which is adapted to be detachably mounted on a base (52) that is fixed on the ceiling (20) of the room.
EP02009657A 2001-05-19 2002-04-29 Optical smoke detector Expired - Lifetime EP1258848B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20108451U 2001-05-19
DE20108451U DE20108451U1 (en) 2001-05-19 2001-05-19 Optical smoke detector

Publications (3)

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EP1258848A2 EP1258848A2 (en) 2002-11-20
EP1258848A3 EP1258848A3 (en) 2003-05-21
EP1258848B1 true EP1258848B1 (en) 2009-09-02

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ID=7957107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02009657A Expired - Lifetime EP1258848B1 (en) 2001-05-19 2002-04-29 Optical smoke detector

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EP (1) EP1258848B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE441911T1 (en)
DE (2) DE20108451U1 (en)

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DE102015004458A1 (en) 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for a classifying, smokeless air condition sensor
DE102014019172A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for distinguishing solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke with a compensating optical measuring system
DE102014019773A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for distinguishing solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke by means of the display of a mobile telephone

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015004458A1 (en) 2014-06-26 2015-12-31 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for a classifying, smokeless air condition sensor
DE102014019172A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for distinguishing solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke with a compensating optical measuring system
DE102014019773A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus and method for distinguishing solid objects, cooking fumes and smoke by means of the display of a mobile telephone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1258848A2 (en) 2002-11-20
DE20108451U1 (en) 2002-10-02
EP1258848A3 (en) 2003-05-21
DE50213808D1 (en) 2009-10-15
ATE441911T1 (en) 2009-09-15

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