EP1240805B1 - Method and arrangement for recording and playing back sounds - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an arrangement for recording and playing back sounds, especially music, is disclosed whereby stereo recording and playback techniques are at least partially used. The arrangement allows for a three-dimensional acoustic reproduction, especially music reproduction, that comes as close to a natural experience as possible. This is achieved by as least one 2+2+2 recording and playback technique and by means of a corresponding number of sound tracks for producing a sound impression which is realistic, three dimensional, and closely resembling nature in width, depth, and height.

Description

The invention relates to a method for recording and Reproduction of sounds, in particular music, using of at least partial stereo recording and playback techniques, as well as a corresponding system.

WO 95/35015 comes closest to the present invention. It becomes a method and a system for recording and playback of a three-dimensional sound image. For recording are four microphones in a vertical plane Positioned to form a rectangle. For playback of the recording becomes a speaker configuration accordingly the microphone configuration is required. Alternatively, a recording configuration with eight microphones in two vertical Levels and a corresponding speaker configuration proposed.

With the first configuration with four microphones or speakers is just the recording and playback of one Sound image in width and height possible. Both shooting configurations are rigid, i.e. they have to represent vertical planes or via time-delayed recording of the individual Simulate channels. The number of microphones is fixed with the Number of speakers linked. It is not possible with it and not provided individual instruments and voices of one Orchestras or choirs in different ways, with more Record as playback channels to record.

This is where the invention comes in, the object of which is especially for music playback a nature experience as close as possible to three-dimensional sound reproduction enable.

This is done with a method of the type described at the beginning Object achieved according to the invention by at least one 2 + 2 + 2 recording and playback technology via a corresponding Number of channels to create a realistic, realistic, three-dimensional sound image in width, depth and height.

With the invention it is achieved that a three-dimensional Reproduction of natural sounds, e.g. of orchestral parts, Soloists, singers u. Like., in a very differentiated Form becomes possible. The listener can watch the playback directly at the concert venue, quasi in the room of the concert feel he's not going to a single position in the room Perception of an optimal sound forced, he can move in areas of the room, change its position and nevertheless perceive the three-dimensional sound events.

Embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

It can be advantageous to use at least one recording technique to provide six channels and a playback technique with at least six speakers, two speakers spatially in particular from the horizontal listening level of the user are arranged offset, as is the invention also provides. The invention is not mandatory on the exclusive transferability of the additional Speaker pair limited upwards, even a possibly minor Downward offset can vary depending on the spatial conditions lead to similar sound images.

It can also be provided according to the invention, the two additional front speaker at an angle of approximately 90 ° in Arranged pivoted towards a room wall. This type of installation is particularly advantageous if the Speakers in one essentially from the footprint seen rectangular room with the speakers in the Area of one of the narrower end walls, making that additional Speaker pair is aligned to the longitudinal walls and reflected his sound emissions on the wall back to the listener become.

If such a list is not possible, there is also one Possibility to add the additional speakers at the positions of the virtual locations resulting from the reflection to position. For this purpose, the invention provides that these two speakers not only spatially in particular above, but also opposite the two front speakers are arranged offset to the side.

The procedure according to the invention is additional still expandable, it can be provided according to the invention not just using six channels, but at least eight Channels with appropriate playback.

A facility for carrying out the method is distinguished through a channel playback device, a control device with a 2 + 2 + 2 speaker configuration, especially with two Main speakers left and right in front of the listener, two Speakers left and right behind the listener as well as two Speakers above the main speakers in their radiation axis aligned by 90 ° to the outside.

When recording sound, in addition to that in the known Stereo playback necessary technology with additional microphones additional recordings of the spatial sound and the corresponding Perspectives recorded and at least six Soundtracks mixed. This is done by assigning individuals Microphone signals on different speakers (virtual) three-dimensional sound sources.

As already stated above, the so-called DVD audio system are used, whereby by the much higher storage space, not just the two for CD recording existing channels, but up to eight channels are used can be. The DVD system offers the possibility the transmission of several audio channels at the same time. At this point it should be noted that the so-called Dolby Surround method gives 5 + 1 channels, i.e. here too six channels, albeit for playback in one sound plane, used.

The method according to the invention or the methods according to the invention System has the advantage that the sound images can be reproduced in width, depth and height, whereby the system can be expanded. In addition to the conventional Stereophony can use four, six or more speakers the system is based on a 2 + 2 + 2 + 2, i.e. with a total of Eight transmission channels expandable system is. It is evidently possible with the present invention the so-called height expansion of sound bodies too reproduce. For example, an orchestra sits like a shell increasing on several levels. Below the strings, right behind it are the woodwinds, followed by the metal sheets and the drums, possibly with a choir behind them and another organ is positioned.

An organ consists of different works that are different are placed in the room, for example the back positive close to the listener, the main work above or behind it Upper works, the pedal works up to the remote works, which from can sound from the ceiling. Chamber music can also be played make audible which musicians are standing and which are sitting.

A listener in a concert room doesn't just take out the sound in the direct direction from the sound generator, but also the reflections from the side walls, ceilings and. Like., So that there is also a perception about size of the room in which he is at the moment. Here the invention is suitable for realistically reproducing this. These are in a known stereo recording "Room sounds" also included, but they are in only one Level pushed back and also reproduced in this one level. This level is only flat behind the Loudspeaker base.

In the well-known 5.1 recording, these "spatial sounds" also by definition only reproduced in one level.

In the procedure according to the invention, the Microphones positioned differently. The perspective microphones according to the invention are not close as normal support microphones or positioned behind the instruments, but in the larger one Distance to allow the appropriate perspective from this microphone position then in the mixer can create the 2 + 2 + 2 sound recording according to the invention. According to the invention it is also provided that the removal between the two main speakers of a basic width (d) corresponds to the appropriate distance from the listener also corresponds, so that there is an isosceles Triangle results, i.e. the two main speakers are each at a 30 ° angle to the optimal listening position, like this even with simple stereo playback is sought. The the top two speakers should fit in optimally a height of half the base width above the ear height, i.e. the Level for the ears with the main speakers. is the distance of the speakers in the listening area e.g. 2 m, the additional front speakers should go over this Layers can be arranged at a height of 1 m. Appropriately located the rear speakers in the same distance from the listener as the two front ones when looking this can be set up, otherwise smaller distances can also be taken, the lack of distance through inclination and reflection on the wall and / or ceiling can be compensated.

Fig. 1

eine vereinfachte Seitenansicht eines Raumes zur Klangwiedergabe,

Fig. 2

eine Aufsicht auf diesen Raum in sehr stark vereinfachter Wiedergabe,

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht mit einer Mikrofonpositionierung bei einem Orchester sowie in

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht einer Mikrofonpositionierung bei einer Grossorgel.

The additional loudspeakers should, if possible, be directed away from the listener at the respective room wall. If this is not possible, virtual locations can be determined at which the additional loudspeakers can then be positioned, this means both to the side and possibly to the rear and offset in height from the main speakers. Further details of an exemplary embodiment of the invention result from the following description and from the drawing. This shows in

Fig. 1

a simplified side view of a room for sound reproduction,

Fig. 2

a supervision of this room in a very simplified representation,

Fig. 3

a side view with a microphone positioning in an orchestra and in

Fig. 4

a side view of a microphone positioning in a large organ.

In the room, generally designated 1, there is a listener 1a and in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 six speakers, namely a left main speaker 2 and a right main loudspeaker 3, each aligned with the receiver 1a, and two rear speakers 4 and 5 and two additional speakers located above speakers 2 and 3 Speakers 6 and 7 that go with the main speakers 2 and 3 are arranged 90 ° outwards, as shown in Fig. 2 is indicated. This allows a sound reproduction not only in the hearing plane indicated in dashed lines in FIG. 1 8 play, but it is a three-dimensional sound reproduction possible that the natural sound image essentially equivalent.

3 shows the possible positioning of recording microphones reproduced, the microphones 9 and 10 room microphones represent that also hang from the ceiling of a room can, to deliver the room sound to a mixer, generally designated 11.

The main stereophonic microphones, one of which is shown is, are designated by 12 and are usually in the front areas of a stage on which e.g. in a first position 13 the strings are in a second Position 14 the woodwind, in a slightly raised one Position 15 the brass with the percussion instruments at a position 16, with a choir at 17 and an organ can also be positioned if necessary. So-called Perspective microphones used, each of which one is shown, designated in the figure by 18a to 18c are. Their information is also sent to the mixer fed and processed there. Depending on the type and size of one Orchestras or sound bodies come in during the recording Variety of microphones 11, 12, 18a to 18c of the different Types for use.

4 shows the possible positioning of recording microphones in the case of a large organ, e.g. the organ in a church or an orchestra organ in a concert hall. The organ player designated 19 sits on the for such instruments usual game table, the individual Elements of the organ are only indicated symbolically here: Here is a reverse positive 20, a breast work 21, a main work 22, upper units 23, 24 and a remote unit 25 indicated. The stereophonic The main microphone again has the reference number 12, the perspective microphones, only one of which is shown are designated here by 18c and 18e, respectively these are only placement options.

1 and 2, distance assignments are shown. This results in the best seat in the stereo recordings Tip of a simultaneous triangle that emerges from the receiver 1a and the main speakers 2 and 3 is formed in Fig. 2nd the legs of this triangle are labeled "a, b, d", the distance between the hearing plane 8 is denoted by "o" in FIG. 1.

1 also shows the best distance the additional front speakers 6 and 7 in height the main speakers 2 and 3 half of their horizontal Distance, i.e. h = 1/2 d, this dimension also shown in Fig. 1.

Alternative positions, for example those facing the room wall additional top speakers 6 and 7 in positions without existing room walls, are in Fig. 2 with 6 'or 7 ', alternative rear locations Speakers 4 and 5 are designated 4 'and 5'.

Of course, the described embodiments of the invention still change in many ways without the To leave basic ideas. So the positions of the Main speakers 2 and 3 also slightly shifted down then, if necessary, swiveled slightly upwards to the listening position his. This also applies to the additional speakers 6 and 7, these may also be slightly out of their optional Vertical plane to the front or back, to take into account any deliberate peculiarities of the installation site to be able to.

Claims (8)

1. A method for recording and playing back of a natural, realistic three-dimensional audio image in height, width and depth making use of recording and playback techniques with at least six channels and of at least six loudspeakers (2,3,4,5,6,7) of which two are positioned behind an auditor and four in front of him, characterized by

   for recording the three-dimensional audio image a mixing desk (11) is present with nondirectional microphones (9, 10) positioned above, or in front of, or behind an imaginary auditor, main microphones (12) positioned in front of the sound generating body, and, above of said sound generating body, perspective microphones (18)

   for playing back of the said three-dimensional audio image the six loudspeakers (2,3,4,5,6,7) are arranged in a 2+2+2 configuration, whereby

   two loudspeakers (4, 5) are positioned behind the auditor, two main loudspeakers (2, 3) are positioned in front of the auditor and

   two loudspeakers (6, 7) are arranged in front of the auditor with a vertical offset with their sound radiating directions directed outwardly against walls of the room essentially at 90° with respect to the main loudspeakers (2, 3).
2. The method according to claim 1 characterized in that physically the two loudspeakers (6, 7) in front of the listener are being offset not only in the upward direction but also to the sides of the two main loudspeakers (2, 3).
3. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that recording and playback are effected using at least eight channels.
4. An installation for the carrying out the method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized by a playback unit with at least six channels and a 2+2+2 configuration of loudspeakers, whereby two main loudspeakers (2, 3) are positioned at the left and at the right in front of the auditor, two loudspeakers (4, 5) at the left and at right rearwards from the auditor, and two loudspeakers (6, 7) vertically offset with respect to the main loudspeakers (2, 3), the said two loudspeakers (6, 7) having their sound radiation directed outwardly against the walls of the room essentially at 90° with respect to the main loudspeakers (2, 3).
5. The installation for the carrying out the method according to claim 4 characterized in that, assuming a standard listening position by an equilateral triangle between the listening location and the two main loudspeakers (2, 3), the two front supplementary loudspeakers (6, 7) arranged above the main loudspeakers (2, 3) are positioned at a height (h) of half the width of the base above ear level (o).
6. The installation as claimed in claims 4 or 5 characterized in that the supplementary loudspeakers (6, 7) are positioned at the sides of the virtual locations (6',7'), oriented toward the listening location in the absence of reflecting room walls.
7. The installation as claimed in claims 4 till 6 for recording a sound, characterized by a recording mixer console (11) with microphones positioned in the recording room above, in front of and behind the imaginary listener and perspective microphones (18) arranged above in the region of the sound body.
8. CD or DVD, characterized by containing the recordings made by the method according to claims 1 and 3 and being suited to be read and played back by an installation according to claims 4 till 7.

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