EP1117864B1 - Method for high-speed false twist texturing - Google Patents

Description

Field of the Invention

The present application relates to a method for high speed false wire texturing of yarns made of synthetic filaments and the use of a specific preparation for this texturing process.

Since the beginning of the eighties, fine puffy polyester games (PES) have been used for applications such as Clothing or upholstery fabrics mainly using the so-called POY spinning process (partially oriented yam) with subsequent false wire stretch texturing.

In false-wire stretch texturing, a PES-POY-Gam is stretched at the same time and with bulk Mistake. The bulk arises from the fact that the yarn is tweaked intensively in the plastic state is then extracted again in the cooled state. The plastic state of the yarn will achieved in that it is guided over a contact heating rail. The thread becomes predominant by means of friction discs made of ceramic or polyurethane (twisting unit). In recent years the speed of the false wire stretch texturing (FT) process could be steadily increased (see the explanation of the basics of H. K. Rouette, Lexikon der Textilveredelung, 1995, pages 1524 to 1531 and 2180 to 2183). Until the mid-1990s, speeds were between 700 m / min and 900 m / min common for standard yarns. To achieve these speeds, it was necessary, very long, usually with diphyl heated heating rails (up to over 2.5 m) use. The cooling rails also had to be extended to over 1.5 m. Corresponding The machines became bulky and difficult to operate. Came in the early nineties False wire stretch texturing machines on the market, which are essential thanks to the use of new heaters are more compact. The length of the thread run in these machines is significantly reduced, which is one Reduced voltage build-up and a potential for increased speeds. in the Contrary to traditional contact heaters, whose temperatures were between 180 and 230 ° C, the new heaters work almost without contact, but with temperatures up to 500 ° C. thanks to the very high temperatures their length could be reduced to about 1 m. Although the mechanical achievable maximum speed of the high-temperature machine generation usually 1500 m / min, it was found that in practice 900 to 1000 m / min are rarely exceeded can. The reason for this is that the yarn breakage rates are very high, the higher rates Speeds occur. It is known that before the increase in yarn breaks, in the An increase in voltage spikes can usually be observed. So there was the urgent need for PES-POY yarns that affect the new High temperature heater texturing machines with a significantly reduced tendency to Voltage peaks and consequently had them processed into breaks.

In addition to improvements to the yarns and the spinning process, the Preparations which have to be applied to the yarn during spinning and which mainly exert a lubricating effect on optimization possibilities examined. EP 826 816 A2, for example, describes preparations for use in False wire texturing of synthetic yarns containing certain polyether compounds in a mixture with cyclic polyorganosiloxanes in selected Proportions. However, even with these preparations in practice only Yarn speeds up to 1000 m / min reached, especially because at temperatures around 350 ° C to 500 ° C polysiloxanes for hard silicate deposits on the thread guides of the High temperature heating can be degraded thermo-oxidatively. From EP 826 815 A2 also preparations for use in false wire texturing of Synthetic yarns known. These contain a polyether component in combination with linear polyorganosiloxanes with a viscosity that ranges from 2 to 50 mPas 20 ° C.

The present invention was based on the object preparations for Provide false-twist texturing of synthetic yarns, which also under the Conditions of high speed false wire texturing, especially on Texturing machines with short high temperature heaters that can be used and the number of Game breaks substantially reduced.

It has now surprisingly been found that the addition of a selected one water-insoluble low-viscosity component to the known lubricants leads to preparations that meet the desired requirement profile.

(a) wasserunlöslichen Estern von Fettalkoholen mit 16 bis 24 C-Atomen und/oder Polyolen mit 2 bis 6 C-Atomen und 2 bis 6 Hydroxylgruppen mit linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäuren der Kettenlänge C₆-C₂₂

(b) den wasserunlöslichen Fettsäureestern aus C₁₆-C₁₈ Fettsäuren mit 2-Ethyl-Hexylalkohol

(c) der Gruppe der wasserunlöslichen Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel (I) R¹-COO-(C_nH2_nO)_m-R²    wobei R¹ für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest der Kettenlänge C₇ bis C₂₁ steht, R² einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest der Kettenlänge C₁ bis C₁₂ bedeutet n für die Zahl 2 oder 3 und m für eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise von 1 bis 6, steht.

(d) der Gruppe der wasserunlöslichen Dialkylether, Dialkylcarbonate, Dicarbonsäureester, Diester von Thiodipropionsäure, Polyalphaolefine oder Mineralöl und
Mischungen dieser Flüssigkeiten.

In a first embodiment, a method for texturing yarns from synthetic filaments is claimed, wherein a preparation containing at least one water-soluble lubricant (A) and a water-insoluble liquid (B) is applied to the yarns Yarns a preparation containing at least one water-soluble lubricant (A) and a water-insoluble liquid (B) and possibly emulsifiers and / or wetting agents and other auxiliaries in the form of an aqueous emulsion and the filaments are then textured on a false wire principle on a machine be subjected to a short high-temperature heater, the preparation being free of polyorganosiloxanes, characterized in that the water-insoluble liquid (B) has a viscosity of 2 to 50 mPas at 20 ° C. measured in accordance with DIN 53015 and the water-insoluble liquid (B) is selected i traffic jams

(a) Water-insoluble esters of fatty alcohols with 16 to 24 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups with linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids with chain length C ₆ -C ₂₂

(b) the water-insoluble fatty acid esters from C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids with 2-ethyl-hexyl alcohol

(c) the group of water-insoluble compounds of the general formula (I) R ¹ -COO- (C _n H2 _n O) _m -R ² where R ^{1 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of chain length C ₇ to C ₂₁ , R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of chain length C ₁ to C ₁₂ , n is 2 or 3 and m represents a number from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 6.

(d) the group of water-insoluble dialkyl ethers, dialkyl carbonates, dicarboxylic acid esters, diesters of thiodipropionic acid, polyalphaolefins or mineral oil and
Mixtures of these liquids.

The water-insoluble component (B) is particularly characterized by it Viscosity behavior. Low viscosity liquids whose viscosity in the Range from 2 to 50 mPas, but preferably in the range from 2 to 30 mPas and in particular in the range from 5 to 25 mPas, each measured at 20 ° C according to DIN 53015 on a Höppler viscometer. Water-insoluble ones are particularly advantageous Components (B) with a viscosity of 5 to 10 mPas.

Such liquids are selected, for example, from the group of water-insoluble esters of fatty alcohols with 16 to 24 C atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 6 C atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups with linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C _6-22 fatty acids. Suitable fatty alcohols are, for example, palmityl, stearyl, arachidyl or behenyl alcohol. Suitable fatty acids are, for example, caprylic, pearlagon, capric, undecane, tridecane, myristic, pentadecane, palmitic, heptadecanoic, octadecanoic, nonanoic, arachic or behenic acid. Suitable polyols are, for example, glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol. The polyols can be completely or partially esterified, it is crucial that the compounds are water-insoluble and at the same time meet the viscosity criterion mentioned above. In the context of this application, water-insoluble is understood to mean those compounds which dissolve at 20 ° C. to a maximum of 5% by weight, preferably to a maximum of 1% by weight. Esters from branched-chain alcohols, which are accessible, for example, via Guerbet or oxo syntheses, with fatty acids, for example esters of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol with C _16-18 fatty acids, such as 2-ethylhexyl stearate, are particularly preferred. In particular, linear fatty acids of this section are preferred. In addition to these long-chain esters, methyl esters of linear or branched saturated or unsaturated fatty acids of chain length C ₈ to C _{22 can also be} suitable liquids of type (B). Dicarboxylic acid esters such as diisooctyl sebazate, diisotridecyl sebazate and diisooctlester of azelaic acid and the water-insoluble reaction products of these compounds with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide can also be used as liquids (B). Furthermore, water-insoluble esters of thiodipropionic acid, for

Example with 2-ethylhexanol, decanol or isotridecyl alcohol, and the water-insoluble reaction products of these compounds with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide are suitable. The water-insoluble esters of glycol, diglycol or triglycol with C _8-22 fatty acids and their alkoxides are also suitable.

Other suitable compounds for the liquids (B) are alkoxylated fatty acid esters of the formula (I) R ¹ -COO- (C _n H _2n O) _m -R ² wherein R ^{1 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of chain length C ₇ to C ₂₁ , R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical of chain length C ₁ to C ₁₂ and n is the number 2 or 3 and m represents a number between 1 and 10 and preferably 1 to 6. Compounds of the formula (I) in which R ^{2 is} a short-chain alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are particularly preferred. The alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated, esters can be prepared by known methods, in particular in accordance with the teaching of WO-A-90/13533. In the case of mixed alkoxides, the alkoxylation can take place in random or in block form.

Furthermore, water-insoluble low-viscosity liquids from the class of symmetrical or unsymmetrical dialkyl ethers with preferably a total of 12 to 44 carbon atoms are suitable, for example dioctyl ether, didecyl ether or diisotridecyl ether. Also dialkyl carbonates, such as Diisooctyl carbonate, dioctyl carbonate or diisotridecyl carbonate are suitable liquids (B). Also If the alkoxides of the ethers are insoluble in water and meet the viscosity criterion, be used. In addition to these compounds, other classes of substances, in particular Polyalphaolefins, for example poly-1-decenes, or mineral oils as water-insoluble liquid (B) be used in the process according to the invention. In general, the liquid (B) is also a May contain a mixture of several of the above liquids.

In addition to the water-insoluble liquid (B), the preparations used in the process according to the invention contain at least one lubricant (A), which is preferably selected from the group of water-soluble reaction products of fatty alcohols with chain length C ₄ to C ₂₂ or of polyols with 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and 2 up to 6 carbon atoms with ethylene and / or propylene oxide, the reaction products having a molecular weight between 750 and 50,000. Also suitable are water-soluble reaction products of glycol, ethylene and diethylene glycol or propylene glycol with ethylene and / or propylene oxide which have molecular weights in the range from 750 to 50,000. Ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block adducts are preferably used, it being advantageous with regard to the water solubility of the compounds that the proportion of ethylene oxide groups is at least 35% (by weight), preferably at least 45% (by weight), based on all alkoxide groups in the molecule , Compounds from the group of water-soluble polyether polycarbonates, as described, for example, in EP-0-743 992 B1, are also suitable lubricants of type (A).

Lubricants (A) which are more than one of those described above are particularly preferred Implementation products included. So it is particularly advantageous if in the preparation as Lubricant component (A) 40 to 80 wt .-% of a water-soluble reaction product of Molecular weight range from 750 to 3000 are included, 5 to 20 wt .-% of a water-soluble Reaction product with molecular weights of> 3000 to 20,000 and a maximum of 5 wt .-% one water-soluble reaction product with molecular weights of> 20,000 to 50,000. The Weight specifications refer to the lubricant (A).

The preparations of the method according to the invention contain the water-insoluble liquid (B) preferably in amounts of 0.2 to 15% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the entire preparation. The lubricant (A) can make up to 99% by weight of the preparation, however, it is usually in amounts of 30 to 90% by weight and in particular 35 to 60% by weight contain. In addition to components (A) and (B), the preparations also contain other, optional Components, in particular wetting agents and / or emulsifiers. The wetting agents are usually in Amounts of 3 to 20 wt .-% and the emulsifiers in amounts of 5 to 30 wt .-% in the Preparations included.

Suitable emulsifiers are all emulsifiers which are either anionic, cationic or nonionic can, in question. The emulsifiers are preferably those which are used at the temperatures in High temperature texturing heaters are common (i.e. 300 ° C to 550 ° C), no inorganic residues leave. Particularly suitable are emulsifiers which are used in classic ashing (at 900 ° C) Ceramics or platinum crucibles are decomposed almost completely (below 0.2% ash). nonionic Emulsifiers are therefore particularly suitable. Examples include fatty alcohol alkoxylates Molecular weights up to 800, alkoxylated fatty acids, glycols or fatty amines and alkoxylated Suitable fatty amines.

With the wetting agents, all suitable ones known to the person skilled in the art for spin finishes are suitable Connections can be used. Water-dispersible and in particular are preferred water-soluble substances selected. In addition to these aids, other common ones can also be used Additives may be contained in the preparations, in particular antistatic agents, thread closing agents, pH regulators, Bactericides and / or corrosion inhibitors. These additives can, if necessary, in usual amounts can be contained in the preparations. As a rule, the amount of additives is up to 15% by weight in total, but the proportion is preferably 1 to 10% by weight.

In the process according to the invention, the preparations are preferably in the form of an aqueous Emulsion containing 1 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 12 wt .-% of the preparation used. This Emulsion is made in the usual way, i.e. by means of godets (so-called lick rolls) or metering pump and Application pens applied to the yarns, which are then used in a texturing process in machines briefly subjected to high temperature heaters. These are texturing processes according to the false wire principle, which can optionally be carried out together with an extension. The claimed method is particularly suitable for such false-wire texturing units that work with almost contactless short high temperature heaters. The temperature in High temperature heater is at least in one zone 300 ° C or more. The heaters of this machine are therefore usually only a maximum of one meter long. Suitable machines of this type will be for example from the companies ICBT (e.g. ICBT FTF15 E2 HT), Teijin Seiki (Teijin Seiki HTS 1500 or HTS 15V), Barmag (e.g. Barmag AFK) or RPR (e.g. RPR 3 SDS). High-speed processes within the meaning of the present application are preferably those which with a yarn speed of more than 600 m / min, preferably of more than 800 m / min and especially work with a yarn speed of 900 to 1500 m / min.

The method according to the invention makes the preparations in quantities between 0.25 and 0.45 % By weight, based on the weight of the yarn, applied to the yarn. The preparations are on known way prepared by the specified ingredients in the specified amounts at temperatures between 18 and 35 ° C mixed in any order and in each be homogenized in a known manner.

In the method according to the invention, yarns made of synthetic filaments such as polyester or Textured polyamide. These are preferably POY polyester games.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of Means, as described above, as a preparation for the false wire texturing of yarns made of synthetic filaments on texturing machines with short high-temperature heaters. For this purpose, the agent is preferably in the form of an aqueous emulsion which contains 1 to 20% by weight of the agent, based on the aqueous emulsion used.

Examples:

(I) - wasserlösliches butanolgestartetes EO/PO-Addukt mit MG ca.1000

(II) - wasserlösliches butanolgestartetes EO/PO-Addukt mit MG ca.1700

(III) - wasserlösliches tetrolgestartetes EO/PO-Addukt mit MG ca. 7000

(IV) - 2-Ethylhexylstearat, Viskosität bei 20 °C: 15 bis 17 mPas.

In order to demonstrate the advantageous effect of the method according to the invention, the following preparations were examined: The experimental preparations consisted of a package 1 and a package 2. The package 1 was kept unchanged and consisted of the combination of a wetting agent (C _12-14 fatty alcohol ethoxylate with 6 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty alcohol), a high-pressure lubricant (a water-soluble ethylene oxide / propylene oxide adduct with a molecular weight in the range from 5000 and 20,000 based on pentaerythritol), a water-soluble methyl-locked polyethylene glycol pelargonate and a C _16-18 fatty alcohol-started block ethylene oxide / propylene oxide emulsifier (5 mol Ethylene oxide (EO), 9 moles of propylene oxide (PO) per mole of fatty alcohol). Package 1 was 47% of the total preparation. Package 2, which represented 53% of the total preparation, consisted of four components:

(I) - water-soluble butanol-started EO / PO adduct with MW ca.1000

(II) - Water-soluble butanol-started EO / PO adduct with MW ca.1700

(III) - water-soluble tetrol-started EO / PO adduct with MW approx. 7000

(IV) - 2-ethylhexyl stearate, viscosity at 20 ° C: 15 to 17 mPas.

Component (IV) represents the water-insoluble component (B) of the preparation according to the invention. Table 1 lists the compositions of the preparations examined. A combination of package 1 with lubricants (I) and (III) was investigated for reference.

All of the preparations listed above were applied to a typical PES-POY yarn during spinning. The circulation was 0.3%. The main spinning parameters and POY game data were as follows: Spinning and POY yarn parameters 1: spin speed 3500 m / min yarn type 256 dtex, 36 filaments strength approx. 23.5 cN / tex strain approx. 103% preparation Barmag gear pumps and ceramic applicator emulsion concentration 10% preparation edition 0.30%

After storage for at least 24 hours, all the yarns were successively stretch-textured on the same 8 positions on an RPR 3 SDS HTSH machine. The texturing parameters were set as follows: Texturing parameter 1: machine type RPR 3SDS friction unit Temco FTS 521 M Physical configuration 1-6-1, Temco 630F 9 mm polyurethane working discs Voltage limit for error message +/- 2 cN winding speed 1000 m / min D / Y-ratio 1.80 draw ratio 1.61 heater temperature 500 ° C - first zone
500 ° C - second zone Fuser heater temperature Turned off

The following measured values were determined during texturing (Table 2):

As can be seen in the results table, the process and yarn data are at a very good level in particular, the number of times the tension is exceeded, which is responsible for yarn breaks, significantly reduced compared to conventional preparations.

In order to verify the general validity that the addition of a water-insoluble liquid (B) to texturing preparations significantly reduces the frequency of yarn tension peaks, the following four preparations were tested on another PES-POY spinning system: reference, 13, 3 and 9. Spinning and POY yarn parameters 2: spin speed 3300 m / min yarn type 167 dtex 30 filaments preparation Barmag gear pumps and ceramic applicator emulsion concentration 10% preparation edition 0.30% Texturing parameter 2: machine type Barmag FK6 V80 with high temperature heater friction unit Temco Type 8 Physical configuration 1-6-1, Hokushin 9 mm polyurethane working discs Voltage limit for error message +/- 3 cN winding speed 900 m / min D / Y-ratio 1.8 draw ratio 1.76 heater temperature 380 ° C - first zone
400 ° C - second zone Fixierheizertemperatur Switched off Results: preparation reference 13 3 9 Number of voltage limit violations during 4 hours 108 18 17 18

In this case too, the advantageous effect of the method according to the invention is evident in that leads to a significant reduction in voltage peaks during the texturing process.

Experiments were carried out with a further water-insoluble, low-viscosity component (B). Preparation 9 was chosen as the basic formulation (data in% by weight): 9 16 Viscosity of component (B) at 20 ° C (mPas) (I) 38.0 38.0 (III) 10.0 10.0 2-ethylhexyl 6.0 15 to 17 octyl caprylate 6.0 4 to 7 Package 1 46.0 46.0

All four preparations were applied on a POY spinning system with the spinning and POY gamma parameters 2. The yarns were then textured on an RPR 3 SDS high-temperature heating machine: Texture distance parameter 3: machine type RPR 3SDS friction unit Temco FTS 521 M Physical configuration 1-6-1, Temco 630F 9 mm polyurethane working discs Voltage limit for error message +/- 3 cN winding speed 1000 m / min D / Y-ratio 1.76 heater temperature 500 ° C - first zone 500 ° C - second zone Fixierheizertemperatur Switched off Results: preparation 9 16 Number of voltage limit violations during 4 hours 36 25

It turns out that a reduction in the viscosity of component (B) also the number of Exceeding the tension limit and thus reducing the risk of yarn breakage.

Claims (12)

1. A process for the texturing of yarns of synthetic filaments in which a finish containing at least one water-soluble lubricant (A) and one water-insoluble liquid (B) and optionally emulsifiers and/or wetting agents and other auxiliaries is applied to the yarns in the form of an aqueous emulsion, after which the filaments are textured on the false twist principle in a machine with a short high-temperature heater, the water-insoluble liquid (B) having a viscosity of 2 to 50 mPas at 20°C, as measured to DIN 53015, and the finish being free from polyorganosiloxanes, characterized in that the water-insoluble liquid (B) is selected from

   (a) water-insoluble esters of fatty alcohols containing 16 to 24 carbon atoms and/or polyols containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups with linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids with a chain length of C_6-22,

   (b) water-insoluble fatty acid esters of C_16-18 fatty acids with 2-ethyl hexyl alcohol,

   (c) the group of water-insoluble compounds corresponding to general formula (I): R¹-COO-(C_nH_2nO)_m-R² where R¹ is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group with a chain length of C_7-21, R² is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group with a chain length of C_1-12 and n is the number 2 or 3 and m is a number of 1 to 10 and preferably 1 to 6,

   (d) the group of water-insoluble dialkyl ethers, dialkyl carbonates, dicarboxylic acid esters, diesters of thiodipropionic acid, poly-α-olefins or mineral oil and mixtures of these liquids.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the finish contains a water-insoluble liquid (B) with a viscosity of 2 to 30 mPas, preferably 5 to 25 mPas and more particularly 5 to 10 mPas, as measured at 20°C to DIN 53015.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the finish contains at least one lubricant (A) selected from the group of water-soluble reaction products of fatty alcohols with a chain length of C_4-22 or of polyols containing 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and 2 to 6 carbon atoms with ethylene and/or propylene oxide, the reaction products having a molecular weight of 750 to 50,000.
4. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the finish contains a lubricant (A) containing 40 to 80% by weight of reaction products with a molecular weight of 750 to 3,000, 5 to 20% by weight of reaction products with molecular weights of >3,000 to 20,000 and at most 5% by weight of reaction products with molecular weights of >20,000 to 50,000.
5. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the finish contains the water-insoluble liquid (B) in quantities of 0.2 to 15% by weight and preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the finish.
6. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, besides component (A) and (B), the finish contains emulsifiers in quantities of 5 to 30% by weight and/or wetting agents in quantities of 3 to 20% by weight, based on the finish.
7. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the finish is used in the form of an aqueous emulsion containing 1 to 20% by weight and preferably 5 to 12% by weight of the finish, based on the aqueous emulsion.
8. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the finish contains other typical additives, such as antistatic agents, yarn compacting agents, bactericides and/or corrosion inhibitors.
9. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that yarns of polyester filaments are selected.
10. A process as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the finish is applied to the yarn in quantities of 0.25 to 0.45% by weight, based on the weight of the yarn.
11. The use of the finish claimed in claim 1 for the false twist texturing of yarns of synthetic filaments in texturing machines with short high-temperature heaters.
12. The use claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the finish is applied in the form of an aqueous emulsion containing 1 to 20% by weight of the finish.