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EP1117017B1 - Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist - Google Patents

Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1117017B1
EP1117017B1 EP00100427A EP00100427A EP1117017B1 EP 1117017 B1 EP1117017 B1 EP 1117017B1 EP 00100427 A EP00100427 A EP 00100427A EP 00100427 A EP00100427 A EP 00100427A EP 1117017 B1 EP1117017 B1 EP 1117017B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
signal
temperature
equal
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00100427A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1117017A1 (de
Inventor
Silvio Dalla Piazza
Pierre-André Farine
Roger Bühler
Pascal Heck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Original Assignee
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE60042916T priority Critical patent/DE60042916D1/de
Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to AT00100427T priority patent/ATE442614T1/de
Priority to EP00100427A priority patent/EP1117017B1/de
Priority to JP2001552156A priority patent/JP4939714B2/ja
Priority to US10/169,160 priority patent/US6724266B2/en
Priority to KR1020027008807A priority patent/KR100700431B1/ko
Priority to CNB008183171A priority patent/CN1201211C/zh
Priority to CA002396934A priority patent/CA2396934A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2000/012434 priority patent/WO2001052001A2/fr
Publication of EP1117017A1 publication Critical patent/EP1117017A1/de
Priority to HK03108942A priority patent/HK1056616A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1117017B1 publication Critical patent/EP1117017B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G3/00—Producing timing pulses
    • G04G3/02—Circuits for deriving low frequency timing pulses from pulses of higher frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G3/00—Producing timing pulses
    • G04G3/02—Circuits for deriving low frequency timing pulses from pulses of higher frequency
    • G04G3/027—Circuits for deriving low frequency timing pulses from pulses of higher frequency by combining pulse-trains of different frequencies, e.g. obtained from two independent oscillators or from a common oscillator by means of different frequency dividing ratios

Definitions

  • the two devices described in these documents comprise a generator circuit which responds to the signal supplied by the mixing circuit to produce correction pulses whose frequency depends on that of this mixing signal, and therefore of the temperature.
  • the output signal of these two devices is obtained by adding these correction pulses to the signal supplied, after division of its frequency, by one of the two oscillator circuits.
  • the frequency of the output signal provided by these devices is substantially independent of the temperature when measured over a long enough period. But it also results from this arrangement that this frequency of the output signal has sudden variations at each occurrence of a correction pulse.
  • the frequency spectrum of this output signal has a not only a frequency independent of the temperature but also a spectrum of frequencies having only a reduced number of lines having fixed positions, also independent of the temperature.
  • a signal having these properties is necessary for example when it is necessary to synchronize, in a telecommunication apparatus, a high frequency signal picked up by an antenna with a low frequency signal produced in this apparatus.
  • oscillators comprising a so-called AT quartz resonator produce signals whose frequency is very stable as a function of temperature. But, by nature, this frequency is quite high. If it is desired to provide a device providing a signal having a relatively low frequency from such an oscillator, it is necessary to associate the latter with a frequency divider circuit, which complicates and increases this device. In addition, the electrical energy consumed by such a frequency divider circuit is rather high because of the high frequency of the signal it receives, which can be a serious drawback when this electrical energy has to be supplied by a weak source. dimensions such as the battery of an electronic wristwatch.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the same kind as those described in the patents mentioned above but which does not have their disadvantages also mentioned above, that is to say a device producing a device. an output signal having a frequency at least substantially temperature independent but further having a frequency spectrum having only a reduced number of lines, the position of these lines being furthermore substantially temperature independent.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device providing a signal having a frequency which exhibits a variation as a function of the temperature as low as that of the frequency of the signal provided by an oscillator having an AT mismatch resonator which may be much lower than the latter.
  • the signal frequency provided by a device according to the present invention is at least substantially temperature independent and shows no abrupt jump as this temperature varies.
  • the frequency spectrum of this signal therefore has only a small number of lines, and the position of these lines is also substantially independent of the temperature.
  • the signal frequency provided by a device according to the present invention is at least substantially temperature independent and shows no abrupt jump as this temperature varies.
  • the frequency spectrum of this signal therefore has only a small number of lines, and the position of these lines is also substantially independent of the temperature.
  • the signal frequency provided by a device according to the present invention can be much lower than that of the signal provided by an oscillator comprising a quartz cut resonator AT. It is therefore possible in many cases to directly use the signal provided by a device according to the present invention, without having to lower its frequency by means of a frequency divider circuit, which reduces the cost price. and the electrical power consumption of this device. In addition, if a frequency divider circuit is nevertheless associated with a device according to the present invention, its power consumption will be low since the frequency of the signal provided by this device is low.
  • the device according to the present invention which is designated as a whole by the reference 1, is intended to provide, at an output terminal designated by the reference O, a periodic signal S1 having a frequency F1 which will be shown later than it is at least substantially temperature independent.
  • the device 1 comprises a first and a second generator circuit, respectively designated by the references 2 and 3, and a mixer circuit designated by the reference 4.
  • the generators 2 and 3 are arranged so as to provide at their output a signal S2 having a frequency F2 and, respectively, a signal S3 having a frequency F3.
  • the generators 2 and 3 each comprise an oscillator circuit formed, in a conventional manner, by an amplifier, not shown separately, coupled to a piezoelectric resonator whose characteristics will be specified below.
  • the signals S2 and / or S3 may be provided directly by the oscillator forming part of the respective generator 2 or 3, or be provided by frequency dividing circuits receiving the signal produced by the respective oscillator and supplying these signals. S2 or S3.
  • the resonator which is part of the generator 2 and whose characteristics therefore determine the frequency F2 of the signal S2 has been represented with the reference 5
  • the resonator which is part of the generator 3 and whose characteristics therefore determine the frequency F3 of the signal S3 a has been represented with reference 6.
  • the resonator 5 and the resonator 6 are both in the form of a quartz tuning fork, but the resonator 5 is arranged so that its branches vibrate in a bending mode, while the resonator 6 is arranged to way that its branches vibrate in a mode of torsion.
  • the resonators 5 and 6 are arranged so that the frequency F2 of the signal S2 is less than the frequency F3 of the signal S3, and that these frequencies F2 and F3 are in a determined ratio whose value will be specified below, as well as other characteristics of these resonators 5 and 6.
  • the mixer circuit 4 that still comprises the device 1 is also a circuit that the skilled person will have no difficulty in achieving one or other of the various ways he knows well. This mixing circuit 4 will therefore not be described in detail here.
  • the mixer circuit 4 comprises two inputs, one of which is connected to the output of the generator 2 and therefore receives the signal S2 and the other of which is connected to the output of the generator 3 and therefore receives the signal S3.
  • the mixing circuit 4 is arranged in such a way that the frequency F4 of the signal S4 that it delivers at its output is equal to the difference of the frequencies F3 and F2 of the signals S3 and, respectively, S2.
  • the output of the mixing circuit 4 is connected directly to the output 0 of the device 1, so that the signal S1 is constituted by the signal S4 and that, of course, the frequency F1 is identical to the frequency F4.
  • This frequency F1 of the signal S1 is, in this case, equal to the difference of the frequencies F3 and F2.
  • the mixing circuit 4 may comprise a filter intended to prevent the appearance, in the signal S1, of parasitic components having frequencies different from the frequency F1.
  • the two coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , the two coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , as well as the two coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, are generally called, respectively, linear, quadratic and cubic coefficients.
  • T 01 and T 02 are those which are generally called inversion temperatures of the resonators 5 and 6, respectively.
  • the characteristics of the resonators 5 and 6 are in particular determined so that, on the one hand, the frequency F2 (T) is always lower than the frequency F3 (T) and, on the other hand, on the other hand, that the quadratic coefficient ⁇ 1 is greater than the quadratic coefficient ⁇ 2 .
  • these conditions, as well as other conditions which will be defined later, can easily be fulfilled by the fact that the resonator vibrates in a bending mode and the resonator vibrates in a twisting mode.
  • the frequency F1 of the signal S1 supplied by the mixing circuit 4 is equal to the difference of the frequencies F3 and F2 of the signals S3 and S2, respectively.
  • F ⁇ 1 T F ⁇ 3 r - F ⁇ 2 r + F ⁇ 3 r ⁇ ⁇ 2 - F ⁇ 2 r ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ T - T r + F ⁇ 3 r ⁇ ⁇ 2 - F ⁇ 2 r ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ T - T r 2
  • the frequency F1 of the signal S1 is also.
  • Such a device is known to FR 982491 .
  • equation (11) has extremely low values, so that the frequency F1 of the signal S1 is, despite the influence of this term, substantially independent of the temperature T.
  • equation (11) above represents the variation of the frequency F1 of the signal S1 as a function of the temperature T only when the conditions mentioned above are strictly fulfilled, that is to say when the inversion temperatures T 01 and T 02 are equal, and the ratio of the quadratic coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is equal to the inverse of the ratio of the frequencies F 2 r and F 3 r .
  • the Applicant has however determined analytically and verified by tests that even if a device such as Device 1 is manufactured using unmatched resonators, as they exit from their respective production lines, the variation of the signal frequency F1 S1 produced by this device as a function of the temperature T is always significantly lower than that of the signal provided by a conventional oscillator comprising a vibrating resonator in a bending or torsion mode.
  • the applicant has made devices having the characteristics mentioned above by using resonators such that the inversion temperatures of the signals S2 and S3 differ from 10 ° C. and the ratio of the coefficients ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 was equal to the inverse ratio of the frequencies F2 r and F3 r to within +/- 10%.
  • the frequency of a signal supplied by a conventional oscillator varies, in the same temperature range, between approximately 0 and -160 ppm when the resonator of this oscillator vibrates in a bending mode, and between 0 and -56 ppm when this resonator vibrates in a torsion mode.
  • the frequency F1 of the signal S1 follows a substantially cubic curve when the temperature T varies.
  • the differences of the frequency F1 of the signal S1 have opposite signs depending on whether the temperature T is greater or less than the reference temperature T r , which automatically ensures an almost perfect compensation for these differences when the temperature T varies. on either side of this reference temperature T r .
  • the frequency of the signal supplied by a device of the type described above may be relatively low since it is equal to the difference in frequencies of two other signals, the signals S2 and S3 in the example described here. -above. It is therefore often not necessary to associate a frequency divider circuit with this device, which eliminates the disadvantages associated with the presence of such a circuit. And even if a frequency divider circuit must, for one reason or another, be associated with a device according to the present invention, its electric power consumption is much lower than in the case of an oscillator having a resonator type AT since the frequency of the signal it receives is much lower than in the latter case.
  • the device according to such an example has substantially the same stability advantage of the frequency of the signal it provides as a function of temperature than an oscillator comprising a cut resonator AT, without presenting the disadvantages of the latter.
  • frequency values F 2 r and F 3 r are also chosen in an equivalent ratio, for example equal to 131.072 kHz and 393.216 kHz, respectively.
  • the frequency of the signal 54 thus obtained at the output of the mixer circuit 4 of the figure 1 is in such a case substantially equal to 262.144 kHz, advantageously eight times the frequency of 32.768 kHz which is typically desired in watch applications.
  • a dividing circuit by eight can thus be advantageously connected to the output of the mixer circuit 4 in order to derive a signal at the frequency of 32.768 kHz.
  • Such a dividing circuit is for example represented, in broken lines, at the figure 1 in which it is designated by reference 7.
  • the device according to the present invention can not only be arranged so that the signal it produces is formed of pulses, but also so that this signal is sinusoidal.
  • the resonators such as the resonators 5 and / or 6 of the device of the figure 1 may have a shape different from the tuning fork shape they have in this device, for example the shape of bars, or be made of a piezoelectric material other than quartz. These resonators may also be arranged to vibrate in another mode, for example an elongation mode. It is however obvious that whatever their shape, their material, and / or their mode of vibration, these resonators must be such that the variation as a function of the temperature of the frequency of the signals produced by the generators of which they are part either at less noticeably parabolic.
  • a device may comprise, as already mentioned, a frequency divider circuit 7 arranged between the output of the mixing circuit, the circuit 4 of the example described above, and the output of the device, the output O in the same example.
  • the signals S1 and S4 are obviously no longer identical.
  • the various components of the device in particular the circuits generating the signals S2 and S3, must be arranged in such a way that the frequency F4 of the signal S4 is equal to the product of the frequency F1 of the signal S1 by the division factor of the divider.
  • This result is for example obtained according to the numerical example mentioned above in which the frequency values F2 r and F3 r are chosen equal to 131.072 kHz and 393.216 kHz respectively.
  • the signal S4 directly constitutes the signal S1.
  • the frequency F4 of the signal S4 is therefore equal to the product of the frequency F1 by the number 1.
  • the various components of a device according to the present invention must be arranged in such a way that the frequency of the signal S4 produced by the mixing circuit is equal to produces the frequency of the output signal S1 of the device by an integer equal to or greater than 1.
  • a device according to the present invention therefore always has the same advantages over known devices, whether or not it comprises a frequency divider between its mixing circuit and its output.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Vorrichtung, die dazu ausgelegt ist, an einem Ausgangsanschluss ein erstes Signal (S1) zu liefern, das eine erste Frequenz (F1) besitzt, wobei die Vorrichtung umfasst:
    - erste Generatormittel (2), die dazu ausgelegt sind, ein zweites Signal (S2) zu erzeugen, das eine zweite Frequenz (F2) besitzt, die sich wenigstens im Wesentlichen parabolisch in Bezug auf die Temperatur (T) mit einem ersten quadratischen Koeffizienten (β1) ändert, wobei das zweite Signal (S2) einen ersten Maximalwert (F20) bei einer ersten Inversionstemperatur (T01) besitzt und einen ersten bestimmten Wert (F2r) bei einer Referenztemperatur (Tr) besitzt;
    - zweite Generatormittel (3), die dazu ausgelegt sind, ein drittes Signal (S3) zu erzeugen, das eine dritte Frequenz (F3) besitzt, die sich ebenfalls wenigstens im Wesentlichen parabolisch in Bezug auf die Temperatur (T) mit einem zweiten quadratischen Koeffizienten (β2), der von dem ersten quadratischen Koeffizienten (β1) verschieden ist, ändert, wobei das dritte Signal (S3) einen zweiten Maximalwert (F30) bei einer zweiten Inversionstemperatur (T02), die wenigstens im Wesentlichen gleich der ersten Inversionstemperatur (T01) ist, und einen zweiten bestimmten Wert (F3r) bei der Referenztemperatur (Tr) besitzt; und
    - Mischungsmittel (4), die dazu ausgelegt sind, ein viertes Signal (S4) zu erzeugen, das eine vierte Frequenz (F4) besitzt, die gleich der Differenz zwischen der dritten Frequenz (F3) und der zweiten Frequenz (F2) ist;
    wobei die ersten Generatormittel (2) und die zweiten Generatormittel (3) so beschaffen sind, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem ersten quadratischen Koeffizienten (β1) und dem zweiten quadratischen Koeffizienten (β2) wenigstens im Wesentlichen gleich dem Verhältnis zwischen dem zweiten bestimmten Wert (F3r) und dem ersten bestimmten Wert (F2r) ist, und dass die vierte Frequenz (F4) gleich dem Produkt aus der ersten Frequenz (F1) und einer ganzen Zahl gleich oder größer als 1 ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem zweiten bestimmten Wert (F3r) und dem ersten bestimmten Wert (F2r) im Wesentlichen gleich einer ganzen Zahl ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie außerdem eine Frequenzteilerschaltung (7) umfasst, die mit dem Ausgang der Mischungsschaltung (4) verbunden ist und ermöglicht, das erste Signal (S1) aus dem vierten Signal (S4) abzuleiten.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Generatormittel (2) einen ersten Quarzresonator (5) umfassen, der dazu ausgelegt ist, biegeartig zu schwingen, und dass die zweiten Generatormittel (3) einen zweiten Quarzresonator (6) umfassen, der dazu ausgelegt ist, torsionsartig zu schwingen.
EP00100427A 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist Expired - Lifetime EP1117017B1 (de)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT00100427T ATE442614T1 (de) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein signal zu erzeugen,dessen frequenz wesentlich temperatur unabhängig ist
EP00100427A EP1117017B1 (de) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist
DE60042916T DE60042916D1 (de) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist
US10/169,160 US6724266B2 (en) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 Device for producing a signal having a substantially temperature-independent frequency
KR1020027008807A KR100700431B1 (ko) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 온도에 독립적인 주파수의 신호를 발생시키기 위한 장치
CNB008183171A CN1201211C (zh) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 一种用于产生其频率基本与温度无关的信号的信号发生装置
JP2001552156A JP4939714B2 (ja) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 実質的に温度に依存しない周波数を有する信号を生成するためのデバイス
CA002396934A CA2396934A1 (en) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 Device for producing a signal having a substantially temperature-independent frequency
PCT/EP2000/012434 WO2001052001A2 (fr) 2000-01-10 2000-12-07 Dispositif pour produire un signal ayant une frequence sensiblement independante de la temperature
HK03108942A HK1056616A1 (en) 2000-01-10 2003-12-09 Device for producing a signal having a substantially temperature-independent frequency.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00100427A EP1117017B1 (de) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1117017A1 EP1117017A1 (de) 2001-07-18
EP1117017B1 true EP1117017B1 (de) 2009-09-09

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EP00100427A Expired - Lifetime EP1117017B1 (de) 2000-01-10 2000-01-10 Vorrichtung um ein Signal zu erzeugen,dessen Frequenz wesentlich Temperatur unabhängig ist

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6724266B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1117017B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4939714B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100700431B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1201211C (de)
AT (1) ATE442614T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2396934A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60042916D1 (de)
HK (1) HK1056616A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001052001A2 (de)

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ATE442614T1 (de) 2009-09-15
CN1423762A (zh) 2003-06-11
US20030052743A1 (en) 2003-03-20
US6724266B2 (en) 2004-04-20
WO2001052001A2 (fr) 2001-07-19
HK1056616A1 (en) 2004-02-20
KR100700431B1 (ko) 2007-03-27
JP4939714B2 (ja) 2012-05-30
WO2001052001A3 (fr) 2001-12-20
JP2003529750A (ja) 2003-10-07
EP1117017A1 (de) 2001-07-18
CN1201211C (zh) 2005-05-11
CA2396934A1 (en) 2001-07-19
KR20020074192A (ko) 2002-09-28
DE60042916D1 (de) 2009-10-22

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