EP1116561A2 - Perforating unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a rotatable, preferably circular cutting disc (1) with one or more peripheral cutting elements (2) protruding beyond an imaginary rolling circle (21), a template (19) with a surface perpendicular to the cutting disc at a distance from the rotation axis equal to the rolling circle radius and one or more apertures, each engaged by at least one cutting element.

Description

The invention relates to a punching unit, in particular for Create a perforation for the binding spine for one Ring binding.

Punching units for punching a punch for one Combs are from the prior art in a variety known of variations.

A major problem with these known methods is that a hole in a stack of paper with a larger one It is very difficult to punch the number of single sheets.

Various measures are now from the prior art known to defuse the problem described.

For example, US 3,227,023 is a combined one Punching and binding machine for ring-like flexible Plastic binding elements known.

In the perforation unit described, this is done with a Punched paper on a horizontally arranged Support surface against a stop in the longitudinal direction and one Cross stop under a linear punch arranged with tooth-shaped stamping elements. The linear Stamping tool with the tooth-shaped stamping elements then lowered by operating a lever. The punching elements pierce the paper. The single ones Punching elements, for example as a punch knife are trained, each based on corresponding Stops. The process of punching is therefore a pure one Punching process.

Individual stops of the punching unit can be removed.

As a result, the corresponding punch knives do not Punching force more on the paper and punching the There is no paper in the appropriate places. Thereby the force required to create the perforation is reduced. A complete punching of an extensive document must however, be carried out in several steps.

The removable stops for the individual punching knives are also in relation to the horizontal contact surface with the Paper stacks are not executed in one plane, but theirs Distances from the contact surface take up from one side of the linear punching tool to the other. So that is achieved that the die cutters do not pierce the paper at the same time but one after the other. This also makes the Reduced power.

Based on this prior art, the invention lies Task based on the punching process for the operator to simplify and make it more efficient.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a perforation unit, in particular for producing a perforation for a binding spine a ring binding with the following characteristics:

The perforation unit has a preferably circular cutting disc rotatably mounted with respect to an axis of rotation with one or more cutting elements arranged on the circumference of the circular cutting disc, which protrude beyond a fictitious pitch circle with pitch circle radius r _w . Furthermore, the perforation unit has a die, which in turn has a surface perpendicular to the cutting disk at a distance from the pitch circle radius. This die also has one or more recesses in which one or more of the cutting elements arranged on the circumference of the circular cutting disk engage simultaneously. A paper to be punched is arranged perpendicular to the cutting disc at a distance of the pitch circle radius r _w from the axis of rotation of the cutting disc on the above surface of the die. When rotating the circular cutting disc, paper must move relative to the axis of rotation of the circular disc at the circumferential speed of the fictitious pitch circle. Due to the rotary movement of the circular cutting disc and the simultaneous linear relative movement to the paper in the direction of rotation, the cutting elements penetrate the paper one after the other and thereby produce the desired perforation for the binding spine of a ring binding.

Due to the rigid spacing between the axis of rotation of the circular cutting disc and the die or the paper the punching process does not take place as in the known Execution in a substantially linear movement of the Punching tool, but by a rotary movement of the Cutting disc kick the cutting elements first on one side into the paper and the recess in the die.

The torque required for the rotary movement can for example with the help of a crank or by a motor drive, possibly coupled with a appropriate translation can be applied.

The cutting elements are designed in such a way that their cutting edge projects beyond the pitch circle radius r _{w of} the pitch circle.

The recesses of the die each have the Cutting edges assigned to cutting edges. The cut edges of the cutting elements and the cutting edges of the recesses are arranged so that they are similar to each other How a pair of scissors work together along the sharp edges sliding the paper with a Cut the pulling cut.

The process of punching is still similar to one Punching process, the effort (or the required torque) but is clear compared to a pure punching process reduced.

The punching unit is designed so that the between the Surface normals of the surface of the die formed Free cut angle is chosen so large that a rubbing of the Side edges of the cutting elements on the walls of the Recesses in the die is avoided. Alternatively or in addition is one between a radial through the axis of rotation the circular cutting disc straight lines and Cut edges formed on the side edges of the cutting elements chosen so that rubbing the side edges of the Cutting elements on the walls of the recesses in the die is avoided. Both measures help to ensure that the further effort required to create a perforation is minimized.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides before that the cutting elements a material unit with the form circular cutting disc. This measure has in particular manufacturing advantages. For one, can Assembly costs for attaching the cutting elements to the circular cutting disc can be avoided. Second is the manufacture of the cutting disc with the cutting elements in possible in one operation.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the cutting elements at a distance from the pitch circle radius rw of cross-sections of the axis of rotation of the circular cutting disc have, which are essentially the cross sections of the producing perforation for the spine of the ring binding correspond. This measure ensures a consistently high level Quality of the perforation, which is at least comparable to the punched holes.

To create a perforation with preferably rectangular The cutting elements have a cross section dovetail-shaped body. This basic body preferably has a constant axial thickness, which in Essentially a perforation width of the perforation to be produced corresponds.

The width of the dovetail-shaped base body in the circumferential direction is given by the hole length of the hole to be produced at the distance of the outer radius r _a from the axis of rotation of the cutting disk. The base body is delimited on its radially inner foot by side edges and on its radially outer surface by cut edges. Such a shape of the cutting elements is very easy to produce, especially when the cutting elements form a material unit with the cutting disk.

The die surface is advantageously a flat plane trained, or it is on the circumference of a disc arranged so that they are essentially a cylinder jacket trains.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, when the circular cutting disk rotates relative to its axis of rotation, the surface of the die moves perpendicular to the cutting disk at a distance of the pitch circle radius r _w from the axis of rotation of the cutting disk at a peripheral speed of the fictitious pitch circle. It is irrelevant whether the die surface is fixed and only the circular cutting disk is moving or whether the circular cutting disk and the die are moving. Only the relative movement is decisive. In the case of a flat die, there is therefore no relative movement of the paper to the die itself in this embodiment of the invention.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the number of cutting elements which are simultaneously in engagement with the recesses of the die can be selected variably. Such changeability is possible on the one hand by an appropriate arrangement of the cutting elements, on the other hand by an appropriate choice of the pitch circle radius r _{w of} the pitch circle and / or the radius of the cylinder on which the die is attached. With the number of cutting elements simultaneously engaged in the recesses of the die, the effort or the necessary torque for the punching process can thus be selected.

Form the cutting edges of the recesses in the die preferably boundaries which correspond to the cross section of the producing perforation for the spine of the ring binding correspond.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention exists in that the surface of the die and therefore the die even when turning the circular cutting disc stands. Such an arrangement is particularly useful if if the die surface is formed as a plane. In in this case there is only a single recess in the die necessary in the the cutting elements of the circular Engage the cutting disc one after the other.

The paper arranged on the die is used for this Punching process with the peripheral speed of the fictitious Rolling circle of the cutting disc over the die surface moved away so that the cut edges of the cutting elements cut the holes in the paper.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the cutting edges of the cutting elements are designed so that they not at the same time at the beginning of the punching process cut the paper. This is the case if the Cutting edges at different distances over the pitch circle radius protrude or have rising edges. Through this Measure the necessary cutting force and thus that necessary torque to be applied to the cutting disc further reduce.

It is also advantageous if the perforation unit in Combination with a single sheet feeder and / or one Paper sorting system and / or a binding machine arranged is. Such an arrangement makes sense if the Binding process should be automated as such.

Figur 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine kreisförmige Schneidscheibe mit materialeinheitlichen Schneidelementen,

Figur 2

eine Ansicht im axialen Halbschnitt der kreisförmigen Schneidscheibe nach Figur 1

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine ebene Matrize mit Ausnehmung,

Figur 4

eine Schnittansicht der Matrize nach Figur 3,

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht einer weiteren kreisförmigen Schneidscheibe mit materialeinheitlichen Schneidelementen,

Figur 6

eine Ansicht im axialen Halbschnitt der kreisförmigen Schneidscheibe nach Figur 5

Figur 7

eine Draufsicht auf eine ebene Matrize passen zu der kreisförmigen Schneidscheibe nach den Figuren 5 und 6,

Figur 8

eine Schnittansicht der Matrize nach Figur 7,

Figur 9

eine Draufsicht auf eine Scheibe auf deren Umfang eine Matrize angeordnet ist,

Figur 10

eine Ansicht der Scheibe nach Figur 9 im axialen Halbschnitt.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

Figure 1

a plan view of a circular cutting disc with material-uniform cutting elements,

Figure 2

2 shows a view in axial half section of the circular cutting disk according to FIG. 1

Figure 3

a plan view of a flat die with recess,

Figure 4

2 shows a sectional view of the die according to FIG. 3,

Figure 5

a plan view of a further circular cutting disc with material-uniform cutting elements,

Figure 6

5 shows a view in axial half section of the circular cutting disk according to FIG. 5

Figure 7

3 shows a plan view of a flat die, matching the circular cutting disk according to FIGS. 5 and 6,

Figure 8

7 shows a sectional view of the die according to FIG. 7,

Figure 9

a plan view of a disc on the circumference of which a die is arranged,

Figure 10

a view of the disc of Figure 9 in axial half-section.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment according to the invention of a circular cutting disc 1 with cutting elements 2 of the same material. Such a circular cutting disc 1 consists of a circular, generally metallic base body with a cutting disc thickness d _s . This cutting disc thickness d _s essentially corresponds to the perforation width b _{L of} a perforation to be produced. In practice, hole widths b _L of about two to four millimeters are common.

The circular cutting disc 1 has dovetail cuts 10 on its outer circumference. Because of these incisions 10, dovetail-shaped cutting elements 2 are also formed on the outer circumference of the circular cutting disk 1. The thickness of the dovetail-shaped base body of the cutting elements 2 thus corresponds to the cutting disk thickness d _s . This dovetail-shaped base body is delimited laterally by side edges 7 and on its outer peripheral surface by cut edges 8. The cut edges 8 thus form a circular section in the circumferential direction with the cut edge length l _s . A straight line running radially through the center of the circular cutting disc 1 and the side edges 7 of the cutting elements 2 enclose a free cutting angle, which is denoted by α. The cutting edge length l _{s of} the cutting edge 8 formed by the preferably circular segment-shaped cutting elements 2 is in practice preferably about 2 to 10 mm.

Around the circular cutting disc 1 in a rotational movement To be able to move this, it must be connected to a Rotary crank or an engine can be coupled. With this For this purpose, the embodiment continues circular cutting disc of the same material as cylindrical coupling element 4 continues. The outside diameter this cylindrical coupling element 4 is smaller than that Outside diameter of the circular cutting disc 1 on the there are the cutting elements 2. Instead of one material coupling element 4, it is also possible such a coupling element with the help of Fastening elements (for example with the help of screws or the like) on the circular cutting disc 1 fasten.

In the example, the coupling element is 4 and the circular one Provide cutting disc 1 with a central bore 3. The The center of this central bore 3 forms the axis of rotation 27 Central bore 3 serves to receive an axis 6. Die Central bore 3 has a circular in the example Cross section on. Another preferred embodiment is a polygonal cross section.

In the example, the cylindrical coupling element 4 has a Radial bore 5 with internal thread in which a screw is used for the coupling element 4 without thread is executed.

Serve as a counterpart to the circular cutting disc 1 Matrices according to FIGS. 3 and 4 or 9 and 10.

Figures 3 and 4 show a flat die 19, which has a two-dimensional flat surface. One or more recesses 20 penetrate the depth t _{1 of} the flat die 19. The cross section of the recess 20 of the die 19 on its surface corresponds essentially to the cross section of the perforation to be produced for the binding spine of the ring binding. In this case, the perforation to be produced for the binding spine has a rectangular cross section with the perforation width b _L and the perforation length l _L.

Between the surface normal of the surface of the flat die 19 and the inner walls of the recess 20 of the flat die 19 a free cut angle β is formed.

The two clearance angles α and β of the circular Cutting disc 1 or the die 19 are preferably so large chosen that rubbing the side edges 7 of the Cutting elements 2 on the walls of the recesses 20 of the flat die 19 is avoided.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of the Invention in which the die 9 on the circumference of a disc 13 is arranged.

The disc 13 with the die 9 on its circumference is in the Embodiment executed in two parts. it consists of a base body 16 with uniform material Coupling element 11 and a second disk 17th

The base body 16 essentially consists of a circular disk of the base body thickness d _G. This base body 16 has an axial bore with a depth which corresponds to the hole width b _L. The radius of the bore corresponds to the inner radius r _i according to FIG. 9. The outer radius of the base body is designated r _a in the drawing.

The cylinder jacket of the jacket thickness t ₂ = r _a - r _i formed by this bore represents the depth t _{2 of} the die 9. This cylinder jacket preferably has milled recesses 12. These recesses 12 correspond to the. Recesses 20 of the planar die 19 according to FIGS. 3 and 4. The cross section of the recesses on the outer circumference of the base body 16, which is formed as a cylinder jacket, essentially corresponds to the cross section of the perforations to be produced for the binding spine of FIG. 3 and FIG Ring binding, ie in the example a rectangular cross section with the hole length l _L and the hole width b _L.

The coupling element, which is in material unit to the Base body 16 is analogous to that of the circular Cutting disc 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 executed. It has one Central bore 14 for receiving an axis and a Radial bore 15 (with internal thread) for receiving a Fastening element (in the example of a screw).

To further reduce the cutting forces during the punching process is a version of the punching unit, especially the circular cutting disc 1 according to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 possible.

Basically, as in the first exemplary embodiment, the circular cutting disc 1 consists of a circular, generally metallic base body with a cutting disc thickness d _s . This cutting disc thickness d _s essentially corresponds to the perforation width b _{L of} a perforation to be produced.

The circular cutting disc 1 has dovetail cuts 10 on its outer circumference. Because of these incisions 10, dovetail-shaped cutting elements 2 are also formed on the outer circumference of the circular cutting disk 1. The thickness of the dovetail-shaped base body of the cutting elements 2 thus corresponds to the cutting disk thickness d _s .

In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiment, the radius of the circular cutting disc 1 changes with the cutting disc thickness d _s . According to FIG. 6, the radius r _{s of} the circular cutting disk increases from a minimum value r _{s, min} on the front side of the circular cutting disk 1 to the rear side of the circular cutting disk 1 to the maximum radius of the r _{s, max} . In the example, the increase in the radius r _{s is} not linear but progressive, so that the projection of a cutting element 2 onto a plane arranged perpendicular to the plane of the circular cutting disk 1 has a trapezoidal shape.

The trapezoidal shape shown in FIG. 7 and FIG flat die 19 can be made from the circular Cutting disc 1, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, to construct.

In practice, however, the geometric shapes of the Projection area specified and the corresponding Cut edges 8 of the cutting elements 2 constructed.

The length of the recess 20 of the die is determined by the immersion depth of the circular cutting disk 1 in the flat die 19. This results in the point 23 of the entry of the maximum radius r _{s, max of} the circular cutting disc 1, the point 25 of the entry of the minimum radius r _{s.min of} the circular cutting disc 1 and the point 24 of the exit of the maximum radius r _{s, max} the circular cutting disc 1 from the flat die 19 and thus the length of the opening cross section of the recess 20 of the die 19th

In the example, the cross section of the recess 20 has the Matrix has a trapezoidal shape, with three to each other vertical sides and a side which has an angle δ with the shortest side of the trapeze.

From this projection angle δ the shape of the Rounding the cut surface of the circular cutting disc develop. Points 23, 24, 25 and 26 are on the Cutting plane projected. You create the on the cutting plane Points 23 ', 24', 25 'and 26'. These points 23 ', 24', 25 'and 26 'also lie on the cutting surface of the cutting elements 2 and describe by the rotational movement of the circular cutting disc 1 a circular path. The Intersections of the circular path with the cutting edge 8 of the Cutting elements 2 produce the points 23 ″, 24 ″, 25 ″ and 26 '' points 23 '', 24 ", 25" and 26 "according to Figure 6. In Example can be reversed from points 23 '', 24 '', 25 '' and 26 ″ the curvature of the cutting edge 8 of the cutting elements 2 reconstruct.

Such designs described in Figures 1 to 10 a punching unit are suitable for integration into a conventional binding machine. Furthermore, one leads Combination with a single sheet feeder and / or one Paper sorting system for automation of punching and Binding process.

Reference list

1

circular cutting disc

2nd

Cutting element

3rd

Central bore

4th

Coupling element

5

Radial bore

6

axis

7

Side edge

8th

Cutting edge

9

die

10th

incision

11

Coupling element

12th

Recess

13

Disk with die on circumference

14

Central bore

15

Radial bore

16

Basic body

17th

disc

18th

Central bore

19th

flat die

20th

Recess

21

Pitch circle

22

Cutting edge

23

Entry point of r _{s, max}

23 '

Projection of the entry point 23 on the cutting plane

23 ''

Point on the cutting edge of the cutting element 2 corresponding to entry point 23 and the projection 23 'of the entry point 23

24th

Exit point of r _{s, max}

24 '

Projection of the entry point 24 onto the cutting plane

24 ''

Point on the cutting edge of the cutting element 2 corresponding to the entry point 24

25th

Entry point of r _{s, min}

25 '

Projection of the entry point 25 on the cutting plane

25 ''

Point on the cutting edge of the cutting element 2 corresponding to entry point 2

26

another entry point

26 '

Projection of entry point 26

26 ''

Point on the cutting edge of the cutting element 2 corresponding to entry point 26

27

Axis of rotation

α

Clearance angle

β

Clearance angle

δ

Projection angle

l _s

Cutting edge length

d _p

Cutting wheel thickness

d _G

Base body thickness

t ₁ , t ₂

depth

r _a

Outside radius

r _i

Inner radius

l _L

Hole length

b _L

Hole width

r _{s, max}

maximum radius of the cutting disc

r _{s, min}

minimum radius of the cutting disc

r _w

Pitch circle radius

r _s

Radius of the cutting disc 1

Claims (17)

Perforation unit, in particular for producing a perforation for a binding spine of a ring binding, with a preferably circular cutting disc (1) rotatably mounted with respect to an axis of rotation (27), with one or more cutting elements (2) arranged on the circumference of the circular snow disc (1), which protrude beyond a fictitious pitch circle (21) with pitch circle radius (r _w ), with a die (9, 19), a surface of the die (9, 19) perpendicular to the snow disk (1) at a distance of the pitch circle radius (r _w ) from the The axis of rotation (27) of the cutting disc (1) is arranged and has one or more recesses (12, 20) into which at least one cutting element (2) of the circular snow disc (1, 13) engages. Perforation unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting elements (2) at least one side edge (7) projecting beyond the pitch circle radius (r _w ) of the pitch circle (21) and at least one over the pitch circle radius (r _w ) over the fictitious pitch circle ( 21) have protruding cutting edge (8). Punching unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the recesses (12, 20) of the die (9, 19) each of the / associated with the cutting edge (s) (8) of the cutting elements (2) Have cutting edges (22). Punching unit according to claim 3, characterized in that one between a normal to the surface of the surface Matrix (9, 19) and an inner wall of the recesses (12, 20) of the die (9, 19) formed free cut angle (β) is chosen so large that rubbing of the side edges (7) of the Cutting elements (2) on the walls of the recesses (12, 20) the die (9, 19) is avoided. Punching unit according to claim 3 or 4, characterized characterized that one between one radially through the Axis of rotation (27) of the circular cutting disc (1) straight lines and the side edges (7) of the Cutting elements (2) formed clearance angle (α) so large is selected that rubbing the side edges (7) of the Cutting elements (2) on the walls of the recesses (12, 20) the die (9, 19) is avoided. Punching unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting elements (2) a Form the material unit with the cutting disc (1). Punching unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting elements (2) at the distance of the outer radius (r _a ) from the axis of rotation (27) of the cutting disc (1) have cross sections which are essentially the cross sections of the holes to be produced for the binding spine correspond to the ring bond. Punching unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the to be generated Perforation forms a preferably rectangular cross section. Perforation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the cutting elements (2) have a dovetail-shaped base body with a thickness (d _s ) which corresponds essentially to a width (b _L ) of the perforation to be produced, and the cutting elements (2) at a distance from the The outer radius (r _a ) of the axis of rotation (27) of the cutting disc (1) has an arc length which essentially corresponds to a hole length (l _L ) of the hole to be produced. Punching unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the surface of the Die (9, 19) is designed as a plane. Punching unit according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the surface of the die (9) is designed as a cylinder jacket. Perforation unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the die (9, 19) when the circular cutting disc (1) rotates relative to its axis of rotation (27) with the peripheral speed of the fictitious pitch circle (21) perpendicular to the cutting disc (1 ) at a distance of the pitch circle radius (r _w ) from the axis of rotation (27) of the cutting disc (1, 13). Punching unit according to claim 12, characterized characterized in that the number of simultaneously in the Engagement of the recess (12, 20) of the die (9, 19) located cutting elements (2) of the circular Cutting disc (1) is changeable. Punching unit according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the cutting edge (22) of the Form recess (12, 20) of the die (9, 19), which is essentially a cross section of the to be generated Perforations for the binding spine correspond to the ring binding. Punching unit according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that the surface of the die (9, 19) at Rotate the circular cutting disc (1) relative to the The axis of rotation (27) is fixed. Perforation unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting elements (2) each have at least one cutting edge (8) which projects further beyond the fictitious pitch circle (21) with pitch circle radius (r _w ) than another cutting edge (8). Punching unit according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the perforation unit in Combination with a single sheet feeder and / or one Paper sorting system and / or a binding machine operable is.

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