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EP1112458A1 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Lighting device

Info

Publication number
EP1112458A1
EP1112458A1 EP99968702A EP99968702A EP1112458A1 EP 1112458 A1 EP1112458 A1 EP 1112458A1 EP 99968702 A EP99968702 A EP 99968702A EP 99968702 A EP99968702 A EP 99968702A EP 1112458 A1 EP1112458 A1 EP 1112458A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
lighting apparatus
light
light beam
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99968702A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1112458B1 (en
Inventor
Armin Hopp
Dirk Bertelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bertelmann Dirk
Hopp Armin
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1112458A1 publication Critical patent/EP1112458A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1112458B1 publication Critical patent/EP1112458B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/10—Construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/08—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
    • F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting apparatus with a light source unit having at least one light source and a first reflector, and with at least one optical element, the light emitted by the light source being bundled by the first reflector to form a light beam which can be influenced by the optical element.
  • Such lighting devices are used, among other things, in stage lighting technology.
  • So-called PAR lamps are known as stage lamps, for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of its light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
  • stage lamps for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of its light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
  • motorized filter belts with differently colored filter sections can be used.
  • rotatable effect discs (gobos) with different color filters arranged in the circumferential direction are preferably used, in which the filters are not exposed to mechanical tensile stress.
  • a disadvantage of these PAR lamps is that the color filters that can be used must correspond at least to the diameter of the light exit opening of the lamp housing in order to completely capture the emerging light beam. If different color filters are to be used, the number of color filters arranged on a filter disc is limited, if one does not want to exceed a practical size of the filter disc.
  • a lamp structure for an operating light in which the light from a light source is focused by a parabolic mirror.
  • the start of an optical fiber, consisting of a glass rod, is arranged in the focal point of the light beam.
  • the light rays emerging divergently at the end of the light guide are parallelized by a reflector arrangement.
  • the reflector arrangement essentially consists of a prism body and a reflector, the prism body deflecting all light rays emerging from the light guide and shining into the reflector in such a way that the light rays are reflected parallel by the reflector in the direction of the operating field.
  • the light guide emerges from the rear space of the reflector through an opening in it and extends to just before the prism body.
  • the particular advantage of such an arrangement is that the distance between the light source and the reflector can be chosen as desired, in that an almost lossless light guide guides the light from the light source to the reflector. This arrangement also solves the problem of fanning out the rays emerging from the light source and emitting them onto the operating field with almost the same illuminance.
  • a lighting apparatus of the type mentioned in the introduction by a reflector unit with a second reflector and a concave third reflector, the concave third reflector having an opening for the light beam and the light beam being reflected by the second reflector onto the third reflector, and wherein the optical element is arranged between the light source unit and the reflector unit.
  • the lighting apparatus thus has three functional units.
  • the light source unit has the task of providing a directed light beam - at least the major part of the light emitted by the light source - with a cross section that is comparatively small at least at one point.
  • the first reflectors to be used are preferably those which have a focus.
  • Rotation-symmetrical parabolic mirrors or also rotationally symmetrical, parabolic-shaped reflectors are particularly suitable, the reflector surfaces of which rise comparatively steeply from the vertex of the reflector and approach the vertex of the optical axis of the light beam to be generated again, so that the angle between the imaginary lines between the Vertex and two opposite outer edges of the reflector is preferably below 45 °.
  • These reflectors have a focus - albeit a blurred one.
  • the light beam can then be influenced by one optical element or a plurality of optical elements arranged one behind the other.
  • optical elements not only color filters or diaphragms come into consideration as optical elements, but all types of optical elements can be mentioned, provided they do not expand the light beam beyond a certain degree.
  • the light beam is then expanded to a desired cross-sectional area in the reflector unit arranged behind the optical element.
  • the light beam is first thrown back from the second reflector onto the concave third reflector, which reflects the then expanded light beam out of the lighting apparatus.
  • the second reflector can preferably be convex or even flat, but any other configuration of the reflector that widens the light beam is also conceivable.
  • an advantage of the apparatus according to the invention over the prior art is that the optical elements to be used are comparatively small due to the small cross section of the light beam in front of the reflector unit, and therefore the production costs of a lighting apparatus with regard to these elements can be minimized.
  • Another advantage is that due to the functional separation from the generation of a directed light beam and its optical processing, there is much greater freedom in the structural design of the necessary apparatus housing with regard to the necessary heat dissipation. This is particularly advantageous if high-power lamps are used as light sources that work at a very high operating temperature. The same applies to the heat which may possibly be dissipated on the optical element itself and which arises when light is absorbed.
  • the first reflector is designed in the manner of an ellipsoid open on one side, the light source being formed in the region of the first focal point of the reflector and the light beam converging in a second focal point.
  • the light beam can be focused very precisely in a simple manner, without the need for additional optical elements.
  • the optical element to be used can be made particularly small if it is arranged in the region of the second focal point. Nevertheless, the optical element can also be arranged in front of or behind the second focal point, or a plurality of optical elements in front of, in and / or behind the focal point.
  • the second reflector can be flat.
  • a lens can be arranged behind the focal point at a distance from its focal length as an optical element.
  • the light beam can be parallelized with this lens, so that the distance between the lens and the reflector unit can be as large as desired.
  • a large number of optical elements can thus be arranged in a simple manner between the lens and the reflector unit.
  • the distance from the second reflector to the third reflector is adjustable.
  • the degree of expansion of the light beam can be changed.
  • the lighting apparatus has a device for positioning one or more optical elements.
  • this device for positioning one or more optical elements can be a rotatable effect disk. So you can switch from one optical element to another by rotating the effect disc. Film-like image sequences can also be generated during a run through different optical elements with a constantly rotating effect disk.
  • the effect pane has only one passage opening and is otherwise opaque. The effect disc can thus be used as a switchable aperture to either let the light beam through completely or block it completely.
  • the reflectors can be mirrored.
  • the reflectors can be coated with a metal layer.
  • the reflectors are made of an aluminum-containing material.
  • the reflective properties of aluminum are such that there is no need for mirroring in the sense of minimizing production costs.
  • the reflector surfaces should be polished.
  • Such reflectors can be drawn from an aluminum sheet.
  • the first and the third reflector are each formed in one piece with an essentially cylindrical housing wall, the housing walls being connectable to one another via an interference fit.
  • FIG. 1 represents the principle of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of the lighting apparatus according to the invention with a light source unit 3 having at least one light source 1 and a first reflector 2.
  • the reflector 2 is designed in the manner of a rotationally symmetrical ellipsoid, which is open on one side, the light source 1 having a first focal point of the Forms ellipsoids and the light is focused in a second focal point 4.
  • an effect disk 5 with optical elements 6 protrudes into the light beam.
  • the light beam passes through an opening 7 through a rotationally symmetrical, concave third reflector 9 and is expanded by a second, convexly designed, rotationally symmetrical reflector 8 and deflected onto the third reflector 9, from where the now expanded light beam from the lighting apparatus is reflected out.
  • the second and third reflectors 8, 9 form the reflector unit 10.
  • the rotationally symmetrical design of the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 is particularly advantageous in the case of punctiform light sources, since this results in a comparatively uniform distribution of the light intensity over the cross section of the light beam.
  • the mirrors and reflectors do not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical.
  • the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 can be surface-symmetrical in the case of an essentially line-shaped light source, for example in the manner of a fluorescent tube.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)

Abstract

In order to develop a lighting apparatus having a light source unit which has at least one light source and a first reflector, and having at least one optical element, with the light which is emitted from the light source being focused by the first reflector to form a light beam which can be influenced by the optical element further, in such a manner that the type of structure, in particular the diameter of the light outlet openings of the lamp housing, does not restrict the optical elements which can be used, said apparatus has a reflector unit having a second reflector and having a concave third reflector, with the concave third reflector having an opening for the light beam and the light beam being reflected by the second reflector onto the third reflector, and with the optical element being arranged between the light source unit and the reflector unit.

Description

Beleuchtungsapparatur Lighting equipment
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Beleuchtungsapparatur mit einer mindestens eine Lichtquelle und einen ersten Reflektor aufweisenden Lichtquelleneinheit, und mit mindestens einem optischen Element, wobei das von der Lichtquelle abgestrahlte Licht durch den ersten Reflektor zu einem Lichtstrahl gebündelt wird, der durch das optische Element beeinflußbar ist.The invention relates to a lighting apparatus with a light source unit having at least one light source and a first reflector, and with at least one optical element, the light emitted by the light source being bundled by the first reflector to form a light beam which can be influenced by the optical element.
Solche Beleuchtungsapparaturen werden unter anderem in der Bühnenbeleuchtungstechnik verwendet. So sind als Bühnenlampen beispielsweise sogenannte PAR-Lampen bekannt, die in einem Aluminiumgehäuse eine Lampe mit einem Parabolspiegel aufweisen und vor deren Lichtauslaß beispielsweise ein Farbfilter zum Erzielen eines besonderen optischen Effektes angeordnet werden kann. Sollen verschiedene Farbfilter im Wechsel eingesetzt werden, können motorisierte Filterbänder mit verschiedenfarbigen Filterabschnitten verwendet werden. Diese haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß sie schnell verschleißen und aufgrund der Zugbelastung des Motors reißen. Daher werden bevorzugt drehbare Effektscheiben (Gobos) mit verschiedenen, in Um- fangsrichtung angeordneten Farbfiltern eingesetzt, bei denen die Filter nicht einer mechanischen Zugbelastung ausgesetzt sind.Such lighting devices are used, among other things, in stage lighting technology. So-called PAR lamps are known as stage lamps, for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of its light outlet to achieve a special optical effect. If different color filters are to be used alternately, motorized filter belts with differently colored filter sections can be used. However, these have the disadvantage that they wear out quickly and tear due to the tensile load on the motor. Therefore, rotatable effect discs (gobos) with different color filters arranged in the circumferential direction are preferably used, in which the filters are not exposed to mechanical tensile stress.
Ein Nachteil dieser PAR-Lampen ist, daß die verwendbaren Farbfilter mindestens dem Durchmesser der Lichtaustrittsöffnung des Lampengehäuses entsprechen müssen, um den austretenden Lichtstrahl vollständig zu erfassen. Sollen verschiedene Farbfilter eingesetzt werden, ist die Anzahl der auf einer Filterscheibe angeordneten Farbfilter begrenzt, will man eine praktikable Größe der Filterscheibe nicht überschreiten.A disadvantage of these PAR lamps is that the color filters that can be used must correspond at least to the diameter of the light exit opening of the lamp housing in order to completely capture the emerging light beam. If different color filters are to be used, the number of color filters arranged on a filter disc is limited, if one does not want to exceed a practical size of the filter disc.
Aus der DE-OS 21 33 719 ist für eine Operationsleuchte ein Lampenaufbau bekannt, bei dem das Licht einer Lichtquelle durch einen Parabolspiegel fokussiert wird. Im Brennpunkt des Lichtstrahls ist der Anfang eines Lichtleiters, bestehend aus einem Glasstab, angeordnet. Die am Ende des Lichtleiters divergent austretenden Lichtstrahlen werden von einer Reflektoranordnung parallelisiert. Die Reflektoranordnung be- steht im wesentlichen aus einem Prismenkörper und einem Reflektor, wobei der Prismenkörper sämtliche aus dem Lichtleiter austretenden Lichtstrahlen umlenkt und in den Reflektor so einstrahlt, daß die Lichtstrahlen vom Reflektor parallel in Richtung zum Operationsfeld reflektiert werden. Der Lichtleiter tritt dabei aus dem Rückraum des Reflektors durch eine Öffnung in diesem hindurch und erstreckt sich bis kurz vor den Prismenkörper.From DE-OS 21 33 719 a lamp structure is known for an operating light in which the light from a light source is focused by a parabolic mirror. The start of an optical fiber, consisting of a glass rod, is arranged in the focal point of the light beam. The light rays emerging divergently at the end of the light guide are parallelized by a reflector arrangement. The reflector arrangement essentially consists of a prism body and a reflector, the prism body deflecting all light rays emerging from the light guide and shining into the reflector in such a way that the light rays are reflected parallel by the reflector in the direction of the operating field. The light guide emerges from the rear space of the reflector through an opening in it and extends to just before the prism body.
Der besondere Vorteil einer solchen Anordnung liegt darin, daß der Abstand zwischen der Lichtquelle und dem Reflektor beliebig gewählt werden kann, indem ein nahezu verlustloser Lichtleiter das Lichts von der Lichtquelle bis zum Reflektor führt. Auch wird mit dieser Anordnung die Aufgabe gelöst, die aus der Lichtquelle austretenden Strahlen aufzufächern und mit nahezu gleicher Beleuchtungsstärke auf das Operationsfeld abzustrahlen.The particular advantage of such an arrangement is that the distance between the light source and the reflector can be chosen as desired, in that an almost lossless light guide guides the light from the light source to the reflector. This arrangement also solves the problem of fanning out the rays emerging from the light source and emitting them onto the operating field with almost the same illuminance.
Eine mögliche Verwendung anderer optischer Elemente zur Beeinflussung des Lichtstrahls, insbesondere zum Erzielen besonderer Lichteffekte, ist weder erwähnt noch erwünscht. Vielmehr stehen solche Lichteffekte dem Zweck einer Operationsleuchte, nämlich einer gleichmäßigen Ausleuchtung mit einem dem Tageslichtspektrum angepaßten Licht, entgegen.A possible use of other optical elements to influence the light beam, in particular to achieve special lighting effects, is neither mentioned nor desired. Rather, such lighting effects stand in the way of an operating light, namely a uniform illumination with a light adapted to the daylight spectrum.
Hieraus ergibt sich die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Beleuchtungsapparatur derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß keine Beschränkung der verwendbaren optischen Elemente durch die Bauart, insbesondere durch den Durchmesser der Lichtaustrittsöffnung des Lampengehäuses, besteht.This results in the object of the invention to further develop a lighting apparatus such that there is no restriction on the optical elements that can be used due to the design, in particular due to the diameter of the light outlet opening of the lamp housing.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Beleuchtungsapparatur der eingangs genannten Art gelöst durch eine Reflektoreinheit mit einem zweiten Reflektor und einem konkaven dritten Reflektor, wobei der konkave dritte Reflektor eine Öffnung für den Lichtstrahl aufweist und der Lichtstrahl von dem zweiten Reflektor auf den dritten Reflektor reflektiert wird, und wobei das optische Element zwischen der Lichtquelleneinheit und der Reflektoreinheit angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in a lighting apparatus of the type mentioned in the introduction by a reflector unit with a second reflector and a concave third reflector, the concave third reflector having an opening for the light beam and the light beam being reflected by the second reflector onto the third reflector, and wherein the optical element is arranged between the light source unit and the reflector unit.
Somit weist die Beleuchtungsapparatur drei Funktionseinheiten auf.The lighting apparatus thus has three functional units.
Die Lichtquelleneinheit hat die Aufgabe, einen gerichteten Lichtstrahl - mindestens den überwiegenden Teil des von der Lichtquelle abgestrahlten Lichts - mit einem zumindest an einer Stelle vergleichsweise kleinen Querschnitt zur Verfügung zu stellen. Bevorzugt einzusetzen sind als erste Reflektoren solche, die einen Fokus haben. Besonders geeignet sind rotationssymmetrische Parabolspiegel oder auch rotationssymmetrische, parabolartig geformte Reflektoren, deren Reflektorflächen vom Scheitelpunkt des Reflektors vergleichsweise steil ansteigen und sich in einem dem Scheitelpunkt abgewandten Bereich der optischen Achse des zu erzeugenden Lichtstrahls wieder annähern, so daß der Winkel zwischen den gedachten Linien zwischen dem Scheitelpunkt und zweier sich gegenüberliegenden Außenkanten des Reflektors bevorzugt unter 45° liegt. Diese Reflektoren haben einen - wenn auch unscharfen - Fokus.The light source unit has the task of providing a directed light beam - at least the major part of the light emitted by the light source - with a cross section that is comparatively small at least at one point. The first reflectors to be used are preferably those which have a focus. Rotation-symmetrical parabolic mirrors or also rotationally symmetrical, parabolic-shaped reflectors are particularly suitable, the reflector surfaces of which rise comparatively steeply from the vertex of the reflector and approach the vertex of the optical axis of the light beam to be generated again, so that the angle between the imaginary lines between the Vertex and two opposite outer edges of the reflector is preferably below 45 °. These reflectors have a focus - albeit a blurred one.
In einem Bereich des Lichtstrahls mit geringem Querschnitt kann der Lichtstrahl dann durch ein optisches Element oder mehrere hintereinander angeordnete optische Elemente beeinflußt werden.In a region of the light beam with a small cross section, the light beam can then be influenced by one optical element or a plurality of optical elements arranged one behind the other.
Als optische Elemente kommen nicht nur Farbfilter oder auch Blenden in Betracht, sondern es sind jegliche Arten von optischen Elementen zu nennen, sofern sie den Lichtstrahl nicht über ein bestimmtes Maß hinaus aufweiten.Not only color filters or diaphragms come into consideration as optical elements, but all types of optical elements can be mentioned, provided they do not expand the light beam beyond a certain degree.
In der hinter dem optischen Element angeordneten Reflektoreinheit wird der Lichtstrahl dann auf eine gewünschte Querschnittsfläche aufgeweitet. Hierbei wird der Lichtstrahl zunächst vom zweiten Reflektor auf den konkaven dritten Reflektor zurückgeworfen, der den dann aufgeweiteten Lichtstrahl aus der Beleuchtungsapparatur heraus reflektiert. Der zweite Reflektor kann hierfür bevorzugt konvex oder auch eben ausgeführt sein, es ist allerdings auch jede andere, den Lichtstrahl aufweitende Gestaltung des Reflektors denkbar.The light beam is then expanded to a desired cross-sectional area in the reflector unit arranged behind the optical element. Here, the light beam is first thrown back from the second reflector onto the concave third reflector, which reflects the then expanded light beam out of the lighting apparatus. For this purpose, the second reflector can preferably be convex or even flat, but any other configuration of the reflector that widens the light beam is also conceivable.
Somit besteht ein Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Apparatur gegenüber dem Stand der Technik darin, daß die zu verwendenden optischen Elemente aufgrund des geringen Querschnitts des Lichtstrahls vor der Reflektoreinheit vergleichsweise klein sein und daher die Produktionskosten eines Beleuchtungsapparats in bezug auf diese Elemente minimiert werden können.Thus, an advantage of the apparatus according to the invention over the prior art is that the optical elements to be used are comparatively small due to the small cross section of the light beam in front of the reflector unit, and therefore the production costs of a lighting apparatus with regard to these elements can be minimized.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß aufgrund der funktionalen Trennung von der Erzeugung eines gerichteten Lichtstrahls und dessen optischer Aufbereitung wesentlich größere Freiheiten bei der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung des notwendigen Apparategehäuses hinsichtlich der notwendigen Wärmeabfuhr bestehen. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn als Lichtquellen Hochleistungslampen eingesetzt werden, die mit einer sehr hohen Betriebstemperatur arbeiten. Entsprechendes gilt für die möglicherweise am optischen Element selbst abzuführende Wärme, die bei der Absorption von Licht anfällt.Another advantage is that due to the functional separation from the generation of a directed light beam and its optical processing, there is much greater freedom in the structural design of the necessary apparatus housing with regard to the necessary heat dissipation. This is particularly advantageous if high-power lamps are used as light sources that work at a very high operating temperature. The same applies to the heat which may possibly be dissipated on the optical element itself and which arises when light is absorbed.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der erste Reflektor in der Art eines auf einer Seite offenen Ellipsoids ausgebildet ist, wobei die Lichtquelle im Bereich des ersten Brennpunkts des Reflektors ausgebildet ist und der Lichtstrahl in einem zweiten Brennpunkt zusammenläuft.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first reflector is designed in the manner of an ellipsoid open on one side, the light source being formed in the region of the first focal point of the reflector and the light beam converging in a second focal point.
Mit einem solchen Reflektor, der bevorzugt einstückig ausgebildet ist, kann der Lichtstrahl auf einfache Weise sehr genau fokussiert werden, ohne das zusätzliche optische Elemente notwendig wären.With such a reflector, which is preferably formed in one piece, the light beam can be focused very precisely in a simple manner, without the need for additional optical elements.
Das zu verwendende optische Element kann bei dieser Ausführungsform besonders klein ausgebildet sein, wenn es im Bereich des zweiten Brennpunkts angeordnet wird. Gleichwohl kann das optische Element auch vor oder hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt angeordnet sein, oder auch mehrere optische Elemente vor, im und/oder hinter dem Brennpunkt.In this embodiment, the optical element to be used can be made particularly small if it is arranged in the region of the second focal point. Nevertheless, the optical element can also be arranged in front of or behind the second focal point, or a plurality of optical elements in front of, in and / or behind the focal point.
Tritt der sich hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt aufweitende Lichtstrahl durch den konkaven dritten Reflektor hindurch, kann der zweite Reflektor eben ausgebildet sein.If the light beam widening behind the second focal point passes through the concave third reflector, the second reflector can be flat.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung dieser Ausführungsform kann hinter dem Brennpunkt im Abstand ihrer Brennweite als optisches Element eine Linse angeordnet sein. Mit dieser Linse kann der Lichtstrahl parallelisiert werden, so daß der Abstand zwischen Linse und der Reflektoreinheit nahezu beliebig groß sein kann. So können auf einfache Weise eine Vielzahl von optischen Elementen hintereinander zwischen Linse und der Reflektoreinheit angeordnet werden.In a preferred development of this embodiment, a lens can be arranged behind the focal point at a distance from its focal length as an optical element. The light beam can be parallelized with this lens, so that the distance between the lens and the reflector unit can be as large as desired. A large number of optical elements can thus be arranged in a simple manner between the lens and the reflector unit.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Abstand von zweitem Reflektor zu drittem Reflektor einstellbar.In another preferred embodiment, the distance from the second reflector to the third reflector is adjustable.
Hierdurch kann der Grad der Aufweitung des Lichtstrahls verändert werden.As a result, the degree of expansion of the light beam can be changed.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist die Beleuchtungsapparatur eine Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente auf. Beispielsweise kann diese Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente eine drehbar gelagerte Effektscheibe sein. So kann durch Drehung der Effektscheibe von einem optischen Element zu einem anderen gewechselt werden. Auch können bei einem Durchlauf verschiedener optischer Elemente bei sich konstant drehender Effektscheibe filmartige Bildsequenzen erzeugt werden. In einfachster Ausführung weist die Effektscheibe lediglich eine Durchtrittsöffnung auf und ist ansonsten lichtundurchlässig. Somit kann die Effektscheibe als schaltbare Blende verwendet werden, um den Lichtstrahl entweder vollständig durchzulassen oder vollständig zu blockieren.In a further preferred embodiment, the lighting apparatus has a device for positioning one or more optical elements. For example, this device for positioning one or more optical elements can be a rotatable effect disk. So you can switch from one optical element to another by rotating the effect disc. Film-like image sequences can also be generated during a run through different optical elements with a constantly rotating effect disk. In the simplest version, the effect pane has only one passage opening and is otherwise opaque. The effect disc can thus be used as a switchable aperture to either let the light beam through completely or block it completely.
Um einen möglichst großen Reflexionsgrad zu erreichen, können die Reflektoren verspiegelt sein. Hierzu können die Reflektoren mit einer Metallschicht bedampft werden.In order to achieve the greatest possible degree of reflection, the reflectors can be mirrored. For this purpose, the reflectors can be coated with a metal layer.
Auf der anderen Seite ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Reflektoren aus einem aluminium- haltigen Werkstoff gebildet sind. Die Reflexionseigenschaften von Aluminium sind derart, daß auf eine Verspiegelung im Sinne der Produktionskostenminimierung verzichtet werden kann. Um verbesserte Reflexionseigenschaften des Aluminiums zu erreichen, sollten die Reflektoroberflächen poliert sein. Solche Reflektoren können aus einem Aluminiumblech gezogen werden.On the other hand, it is advantageous if the reflectors are made of an aluminum-containing material. The reflective properties of aluminum are such that there is no need for mirroring in the sense of minimizing production costs. In order to achieve improved reflection properties of the aluminum, the reflector surfaces should be polished. Such reflectors can be drawn from an aluminum sheet.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind der erste und der dritte Reflektor jeweils einstückig mit einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäusewandung ausgebildet, wobei die Gehäusewandungen über eine Preßpassung miteinander verbindbar sind. Auf diese Weise ist eine möglichst einfache Herstellung der Reflektorgehäuse sowie eine einfache Montage der Einzelteile möglich.In a further advantageous embodiment, the first and the third reflector are each formed in one piece with an essentially cylindrical housing wall, the housing walls being connectable to one another via an interference fit. In this way, the simplest possible manufacture of the reflector housing and simple assembly of the individual parts is possible.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer das Prinzip der Erfindung darstellenden Figur 1 näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 1 which represents the principle of the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt das Prinzip der erfindungsgemäßen Beleuchtungsapparatur mit einer mindestens eine Lichtquelle 1 und einen ersten Reflektor 2 aufweisenden Lichtquelleneinheit 3- Der Reflektor 2 ist in der Art eines rotationssymmetrischen Ellipsoids ausgebildet, das an einer Seite offen ist, wobei die Lichtquelle 1 einen ersten Brennpunkt des Ellipsoids bildet und das Licht in einem zweiten Brennpunkt 4 fokussiert wird. Vor dem Brennpunkt 4 ragt eine Effektscheibe 5 mit optischen Elementen 6 in den Lichtstrahl hinein.Figure 1 shows the principle of the lighting apparatus according to the invention with a light source unit 3 having at least one light source 1 and a first reflector 2. The reflector 2 is designed in the manner of a rotationally symmetrical ellipsoid, which is open on one side, the light source 1 having a first focal point of the Forms ellipsoids and the light is focused in a second focal point 4. In front of the focal point 4, an effect disk 5 with optical elements 6 protrudes into the light beam.
Der Lichtstrahl tritt durch eine Öffnung 7 durch einen rotationssymmetrischen, konkaven dritten Reflektor 9 hindurch und wird von einem zweiten, konvex ausgebildeten, rotationssymmetrischen Reflektor 8 aufgeweitet und auf den dritten Reflektor 9 umgelenkt, von wo aus der nunmehr aufgeweitete Lichtstrahl aus der Beleuchtungsappara- tur heraus reflektiert wird. Der zweite und dritte Reflektor 8, 9 bilden die Reflektoreinheit 10.The light beam passes through an opening 7 through a rotationally symmetrical, concave third reflector 9 and is expanded by a second, convexly designed, rotationally symmetrical reflector 8 and deflected onto the third reflector 9, from where the now expanded light beam from the lighting apparatus is reflected out. The second and third reflectors 8, 9 form the reflector unit 10.
Die rotationssymmetrische Ausbildung der Spiegel und Reflektoren 2, 8 und 9 ist insbesondere bei punktförmigen Lichtquellen von Vorteil, da hiermit eine vergleichsweise gleichmäßige Verteilung der Lichtintensität über den Querschnitt des Lichtstrahls erreicht wird.The rotationally symmetrical design of the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 is particularly advantageous in the case of punctiform light sources, since this results in a comparatively uniform distribution of the light intensity over the cross section of the light beam.
Dennoch müssen die Spiegel und Reflektoren nicht zwingend rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet sein. So können die Spiegel und Reflektoren 2, 8 und 9 bei einer im wesentlichen strichförmigen Lichtquelle, beispielsweise in der Art einer Leuchtröhre, flächensymmetrisch sein. Nevertheless, the mirrors and reflectors do not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical. For example, the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 can be surface-symmetrical in the case of an essentially line-shaped light source, for example in the manner of a fluorescent tube.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Beleuchtungsapparatur mit einer mindestens eine Lichtquelle (1) und einen ersten Reflektor (2) aufweisenden Lichtquelleneinheit (3), und mit mindestens einem optischen Element (6), wobei das von der Lichtquelle (1) abgestrahlte Licht durch den ersten Reflektor (2) zu einem Lichtstrahl gebündelt wird, der durch das optische Element beeinflußbar ist, gekennzeichnet durch eine Reflektoreinheit (10) mit einem zweiten Reflektor (8) und einem konkaven dritten Reflektor (9), wobei der konkave dritte Reflektor (9) eine Öffnung (7) für den Lichtstrahl aufweist und der Lichtstrahl von dem zweiten Reflektor (8) auf den dritten Reflektor (9) reflektiert wird, und wobei das optische Element (6) zwischen der Lichtquelleneinheit (3) und der Reflektoreinheit (10) angeordnet ist.1. Lighting apparatus with a light source unit (3) having at least one light source (1) and a first reflector (2), and with at least one optical element (6), the light emitted by the light source (1) through the first reflector (2 ) is bundled into a light beam that can be influenced by the optical element, characterized by a reflector unit (10) with a second reflector (8) and a concave third reflector (9), the concave third reflector (9) having an opening (7 ) for the light beam and the light beam is reflected by the second reflector (8) onto the third reflector (9), and wherein the optical element (6) is arranged between the light source unit (3) and the reflector unit (10).
2. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Reflektor (2) in der Art eines auf einer Seite offenen Ellipsoids ausgebildet ist, wobei die Lichtquelle (1) im Bereich des ersten Brennpunkts des Reflektors (2) ausgebildet ist und der Lichtstrahl in einem zweiten Brennpunkt (4) zusammenläuft.2. Lighting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first reflector (2) is designed in the manner of an ellipsoid open on one side, the light source (1) being formed in the region of the first focal point of the reflector (2) and the light beam converges in a second focal point (4).
3. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt (4) im Abstand ihrer Brennweite eine Linse angeordnet ist.3. Lighting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a lens is arranged behind the second focal point (4) at a distance from its focal length.
4. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand vom zweiten Reflektor (8) zum dritten Reflektor (9) einstellbar ist.4. Lighting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance from the second reflector (8) to the third reflector (9) is adjustable.
5. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente. 5. Lighting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a device for positioning one or more optical elements.
6. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente (6) eine drehbar gelagerte Effektscheibe ist.6. Lighting apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the device for positioning one or more optical elements (6) is a rotatably mounted effect disc.
7. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) verspiegelt sind.7. Lighting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflectors (2, 8, 9) are mirrored.
8. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) aus einem aluminiumhaltigen Werkstoff gebildet sind.8. Lighting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflectors (2, 8, 9) are formed from an aluminum-containing material.
9. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) aus einem Aluminiumblech gezogen sind.9. Lighting apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the reflectors (2, 8, 9) are drawn from an aluminum sheet.
10. Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Reflektor (2) und der dritte Reflektor (9) jeweils einstückig mit einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäusewandung ausgebildet und die Gehäusewandungen über eine Preßpassung miteinander verbindbar sind. 10. Lighting apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first reflector (2) and the third reflector (9) are each formed in one piece with a substantially cylindrical housing wall and the housing walls can be connected to one another via an interference fit.
EP99968702A 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Lighting device Expired - Lifetime EP1112458B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19840475A DE19840475A1 (en) 1998-09-04 1998-09-04 Lighting equipment
DE19840475 1998-09-04
PCT/DE1999/002817 WO2000014447A1 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-09-03 Lighting device

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EP1112458A1 true EP1112458A1 (en) 2001-07-04
EP1112458B1 EP1112458B1 (en) 2003-02-05

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US (1) US6572246B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1112458B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE232279T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1147900A (en)
DE (2) DE19840475A1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2000014447A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
ATE232279T1 (en) 2003-02-15
ES2190285T3 (en) 2003-07-16
US6572246B1 (en) 2003-06-03
WO2000014447A1 (en) 2000-03-16
AU1147900A (en) 2000-03-27
EP1112458B1 (en) 2003-02-05
DE19840475A1 (en) 2000-03-30
DE59904233D1 (en) 2003-03-13

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