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EP1108375B1 - Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich - Google Patents

Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1108375B1
EP1108375B1 EP00125851A EP00125851A EP1108375B1 EP 1108375 B1 EP1108375 B1 EP 1108375B1 EP 00125851 A EP00125851 A EP 00125851A EP 00125851 A EP00125851 A EP 00125851A EP 1108375 B1 EP1108375 B1 EP 1108375B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nonwoven
flakes
garment
garment according
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00125851A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1108375A2 (de
EP1108375A3 (de
Inventor
Gerd Hexels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bluecher Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Texplorer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texplorer GmbH filed Critical Texplorer GmbH
Publication of EP1108375A2 publication Critical patent/EP1108375A2/de
Publication of EP1108375A3 publication Critical patent/EP1108375A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1108375B1 publication Critical patent/EP1108375B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/413—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties containing granules other than absorbent substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41B—SHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
    • A41B17/00—Selection of special materials for underwear
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/66—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions at spaced points or locations
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2508—Coating or impregnation absorbs chemical material other than water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2508—Coating or impregnation absorbs chemical material other than water
    • Y10T442/2516—Chemical material is one used in biological or chemical warfare
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/668—Separate nonwoven fabric layers comprise chemically different strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/673—Including particulate material other than fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a garment, in particular Underwear for persons in military and civil protection, according to the preamble of the Claim 1 (DE-A-4 025 813).
  • Clothing in particular underwear, which serve as protection against cold, point as essential Part of a plastic fleece, mostly a polyester fleece, on. With this material will be a very good insulation against the weather, in particular achieved as cold protection. Disadvantageous in the known clothing pieces, however, that this are very flammable. This means that straight in the military and civil defense sector, with persons often also working near open flames or stay, such as Firefighters at one Fire or soldiers and civil defense units at one open fire or store there, not insignificant Danger for those with such easily ignitable Garments provided persons.
  • the present invention is therefore the task underlying, a garment, in particular an undergarment for persons in the military and in the Civil protection area to create, which is not so is easily flammable, but the good insulation properties should be preserved and in case of need also a high wearing comfort is given.
  • expanded graphite as flame-retardant material in the construction sector as insulation and insulating material, in the home textile sector as a carpet and in the automotive and filter field known, but it were always provided sheet as support material.
  • the first Nonwoven e.g. On the outside, polyester fibers be used.
  • the on the wearer side facing an inner fleece can also form polyester or Also be provided polyamide.
  • a further significant increase in wearing comfort results if, in a very advantageous embodiment the invention is provided that between a of the two nonwovens and the flakes of expanded graphite one water vapor and air permeable membrane arranged is.
  • the flakes of expanded graphite can on different Be applied to a nonwoven way.
  • the flakes in one Melt adhesive layer which before the heat treatment in Granular form is present, distributed.
  • the hot melt adhesive is then sprinkled on one of the two fleeces, e.g. the second nonwoven, after which the whole is e.g. over a tempered long-distance runs in a calender and under heat and pressure, i. laminated becomes.
  • the intermediate flakes Expanded graphite which is included in the melt adhesive layer and the second fleece you can Temperature control and thus the connection to the three-layer laminate in one operation.
  • a membrane in the composite should be included, so this can in a very advantageous embodiment of the invention done by passing over the melt adhesive layer with the expandable graphite the second fleece with the Membrane is connected while the membrane is over Adhesive dots is connected to the first nonwoven.
  • the garment may be an underwear, such as. Undershirt, underpants or socks.
  • the item of clothing consists of a first nonwoven 1 made of polyester fibers, an underlying membrane 2, a melt adhesive layer 3, in which a plurality of discrete or individual flakes 4 of expanded graphite are inserted and a second web 5, which on the from the membrane 2 side facing away from the melt adhesive layer 3 is located.
  • the first web 1 will be roughened and lying on the outside (but it can also be flat be manufactured and lie inside), while the second fleece 5 (possibly also roughened) the carrier facing the garment.
  • the second fleece 5 possibly also roughened
  • this structure is only mentioned as an example.
  • Membrane 2 can be used for comfort reasons which are under the brand name Goretex and Sympatex are known. Of course, however also possible other membranes within the scope of the invention, which ensure a corresponding office activity.
  • the garment without membrane 2 provided can, its production in a simple way so take place that the hotmelt adhesive coating in solid form, e.g. in powder or granular form on one of the two Fleece 1 or 5 is scattered, the other fleece is superimposed and the unit under heat and Pressure connected to a three-layer structure becomes.
  • a garment in the illustrated form this can be done, e.g. thereby take place that the membrane 2 via adhesive dots. 6 connects to the first web 1 and in this way produces a two-ply laminate.
  • the expandable graphite 4 with sprinkled the powdered hot melt adhesive, also thermally treated, wherein the hot melt adhesive for Formation of a melt adhesive layer 3 becomes active and so after a previous hang-up of the before formed two-layer laminate of the web 1 and the membrane 2 on the melt adhesive layer 3 all Materials combined into a single unit become.
  • the flakes 4 of expanded graphite can of course the flakes 4 also on others Be associated with the associated fleece. So can e.g. the surface of the web 1 or 5 with a aqueous polymer solution are sprayed, the Spreading the flakes 4 of expanded graphite before or after the spraying can be done.
  • the expanded graphite flakes 4 in Form of a suspension or dispersion together in aqueous polymer solutions on the surface of the web 1 or 5 apply.
  • the diameters or sizes the flakes can e.g. between 0.1 mm and a few mm be.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (DE-A-4 025 813).
Bekleidungsstücke, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstükke, die als Schutz vor Kälte dienen, weisen als wesentliches Bestandteil ein Kunststoffvlies, zumeist ein Polyestervlies, auf. Mit diesem Material wird eine sehr gute Isolation gegen Witterungseinflüsse, insbesondere als Kälteschutz erreicht. Nachteilig bei den bekannten Bekleidungsstücken ist jedoch, daß diese sehr leicht brennbar sind. Dies bedeutet, daß gerade im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich, wobei Personen häufig auch in der Nähe von offenen Flammen arbeiten oder sich aufhalten, wie z.B. Feuerwehrleute bei einem Brand oder Soldaten und Zivilschutzeinheiten an einem offenen Feuer oder dort lagern, eine nicht unerhebliche Gefahr für die mit derartigen leichtentzündbaren Bekleidungsstücken versehenen Personen besteht.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere ein Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich zu schaffen, welches nicht so leicht entzündbar ist, wobei jedoch die guten Isolierungseigenschaften erhalten bleiben sollen und im Bedarfsfalle auch ein hoher Tragekomfort gegeben ist.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 genannte Merkmalskombination gelöst.
In der Praxis hat sich herausgestellt, daß durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination der beiden Vliese mit den dazwischenliegenden diskreten Flocken aus Blähgraphit, ein deutlich verbessertes flammhemmendes Bekleidungsstück geschaffen worden ist, wobei jedoch durch die beiden Vliese - entsprechend ihrer Materialauswahl - sehr gute Isolationseigenschaften erreichbar sind.
Grundsätzlich ist die Verwendung von Blähgraphit als flammhemmendes Material auf dem Bausektor als Dämm- und Isolierstoff, im Heimtextilienbereich als Teppich und im Automobil- und Filterbereich bekannt, aber dabei waren stets Flächengebilde als Trägermaterial vorgesehen.
In überraschender Weise hat man jedoch festgestellt, daß sich diskrete Flocken aus Blähgraphit auch in der Bekleidung bei entsprechender Kombination mit den beiden Vliesen ebenfalls dazu eignen, einem Bekleidungsstück einen höheren Widerstand gegen eine Entzündung zu geben, wobei gleichzeitig die Haupteigenschaft des Bekleidungsstückes, nämlich ein Schutz gegen Witterungseinflüsse, insbesondere ein Kälteschutz, nicht beeinträchtigt wird.
Als mögliche vorteilhafte Materialien für das erste Vlies, das z.B. außenseitig angeordnet ist, können Polyesterfasern verwendet werden. Für das zweite Vlies, das auf der dem Träger zugewandten Seite ein Innenvlies bilden kann, kann ebenfalls Polyester oder auch Polyamid vorgesehen sein.
Eine weitere deutliche Erhöhung des Tragekomforts ergibt sich, wenn in einer sehr vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, daß zwischen einem der beiden Vliese und den Flocken aus Blähgraphit eine wasserdampf- und luftdurchlässige Membrane angeordnet ist.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß trotz der Flocken aus Blähgraphit eine Atmungsfähigkeit des Bekleidungsstükkes erreicht werden kann, wenn man in der angegebenen Weise eine wasserdampf- und luftdurchlässige Membrane anordnet. In vorteilhafter Weise wird man dabei die Verbindung zu den benachbart liegenden Materialien - zumindest auf einer Seite - als Punktverklebung vornehmen, damit über die Poren der Membrane eine gute Atmungsfähigkeit bzw. eine Wasserdampf- und Luftdurchlässigkeit verbleibt.
Die Flocken aus Blähgraphit können auf verschiedene Weise auf ein Vlies aufgebracht werden. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung sind die Flocken in einer Schmelzkleberschicht, die vor der Wärmebehandlung in Granulatform vorliegt, verteilt. Der Schmelzkleber wird dann auf eines der beiden Vliese aufgestreut, z.B. das zweite Vlies, wonach das Ganze z.B. über eine temperierte Langstrecke in einem Kalander läuft und unter Hitze und Druck miteinander verbunden, d.h. laminiert wird.
Bei einer Ausbildung als Drei-Schicht-Laminat mit einem ersten Vlies, den dazwischenliegenden Flocken aus Blähgraphit, welche in der Schmelzkleberschicht aufgenommen worden sind, und dem zweiten Vlies kann man die Temperierung und damit die Verbindung zu dem Drei-Schicht-Laminat in einem Arbeitsgang durchführen.
Falls zur Erhöhung des Tragekomforts eine Membrane in den Verbund mit aufgenommen werden soll, so kann dies in einer sehr vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch geschehen, daß über die Schmelzkleberschicht mit dem Blähgraphit das zweite Vlies mit der Membrane verbunden wird, während die Membrane über Klebepunkte mit dem ersten Vlies verbunden wird.
Nachfolgend ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung prinzipmäßig beschrieben, wobei die einzige Figur aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen in einem stark vergrößerten Maßstab ausschnittsweise im Querschnitt einen Teil eines Bekleidungsstückes darstellt. Das Bekleidungsstück kann eine Unterbekleidung, wie z.B. Unterhemd, Unterhose oder Socken sein.
Das Bekleidungsstück besteht aus einem ersten Vlies 1 aus Polyesterfasern, einer darunterliegenden Membrane 2, einer Schmelzkleberschicht 3, in die eine Vielzahl von diskreten bzw. einzelnen Flocken 4 aus Blähgraphit eingelegt sind und einem zweiten Vlies 5, das auf der von der Membrane 2 abgewandten Seite der Schmelzkleberschicht 3 liegt.
Im allgemeinen wird das erste Vlies 1 aufgerauht sein und auf der Außenseite liegen (es kann aber auch flach hergestellt sein und innenseitig liegen), während das zweite Vlies 5 (eventuell auch aufgerauht) dem Träger des Bekleidungsstückes zugewandt ist. Selbstverständlich ist dieser Aufbau nur beispielsweise genannt. Als Membrane 2 können Materialien aus Komfortgründen verwendet werden, die unter dem Markennamen Goretex und Sympatex bekannt sind. Selbstverständlich sind jedoch auch noch andere Membrane im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, welche eine entsprechende Amtungsaktivität gewährleisten.
Wenn das Bekleidungsstück ohne Membrane 2 vorgesehen ist, kann dessen Herstellung auf einfache Weise so erfolgen, daß der Schmelzkleberüberzug in fester Form, z.B. in Pulver- oder Granulatform auf eines der beiden Vliese 1 oder 5 aufgestreut wird, das andere Vlies darübergelegt wird und die Einheit unter Hitze und Druck zu einem Drei-Schicht-Aufbau miteinander verbunden wird.
Wenn ein Bekleidungsstück in der dargestellten Form hergestellt werden soll, so kann dies z.B. dadurch erfolgen, daß man die Membrane 2 über Klebepunkte 6 mit dem ersten Vlies 1 verbindet und auf diese Weise ein Zwei-Lagen-Laminat herstellt.
Auf das zweite Vlies 5 wird dann der Blähgraphit 4 mit dem pulverförmigen Schmelzkleber aufgestreut, ebenfalls thermisch behandelt, wobei der Schmelzkleber zur Bildung einer Schmelzkleberschicht 3 aktiv wird und damit nach einem vorangegangenen Auflegen des vorher gebildeten Zwei-Lagen-Laminates aus dem Vlies 1 und der Membrane 2 über die Schmelzkleberschicht 3 alle Materialien zu einer Einheit miteinander verbunden werden.
Anstelle einer Aufbringung der Flocken 4 aus Blähgraphit über einen pulverförmigen Schmelzkleber können selbstverständlich die Flocken 4 auch noch auf andere Weise mit dem dazugehörigen Vlies verbunden werden. So kann z.B. die Oberfläche des Vlieses 1 oder 5 mit einer wässrigen Polymerlösung besprüht werden, wobei das Aufstreuen der Flocken 4 aus Blähgraphit vor oder nach dem Besprühen erfolgen kann.
Ebenso ist es möglich, die Blähgraphitflocken 4 in Form einer Suspension oder Dispersion zusammen in wässrigen Polymerlösungen auf die Oberfläche des Vlieses 1 oder 5 aufzubringen. Die Durchmesser bzw. Größen der Flocken können z.B. zwischen 0,1 mm und einigen mm betragen.

Claims (8)

  1. Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich, mit einem ersten Vlies (1) aus Naturfasern oder synthetischen Fasern, einem zweiten Vlies (5) aus Natur- oder synthetischen Fasern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    diskrete Flocken (4) aus Blähgraphit als flammhemmendes Material zwischen die beiden Vliese (1,5) auf mindestens eine der Oberflächen der beiden Vliese (1,5) aufgebracht sind.
  2. Bekleidungsstück nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    als erstes Vlies (1) Polyesterfasern vorgesehen sind.
  3. Bekleidungsstück nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das zweite Vlies (5) aus Polyester besteht.
  4. Bekleidungsstück nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das zweite Vlies (5) aus Polyamid besteht.
  5. Bekleidungsstück nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    zwischen einem der beiden Vliese (1,5) und den Flocken (4) aus Blähgraphit eine wasserdampf- und luftdurchlässige Membrane (2) angeordnet ist.
  6. Bekleidungsstück nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Flocken (4) aus Blähgraphit in einer Schmelzkleberschicht (3) verteilt sind.
  7. Bekleidungsstück nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die beiden Vliese (1,5) und die Flocken (4) aus Blähgraphit durch die Schmelzkleberschicht (3) zu einem Drei-Schicht-Laminat miteinander verbunden sind.
  8. Bekleidungsstück nach Anspruch 5 und 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    über die Schmelzkleberschicht (3) mit dem Blähgraphit (4) das zweite Vlies (5) mit der Membrane (2) verbunden ist, während die Membrane (2) über Klebepunkte (6) mit dem ersten Vlies (1) verbunden ist.
EP00125851A 1999-12-15 2000-11-25 Bekleidungsstück, insbesondere Unterbekleidungsstück für Personen im Militär- und im Zivilschutzbereich Expired - Lifetime EP1108375B1 (de)

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US6667255B2 (en) 2003-12-23
US20010004575A1 (en) 2001-06-21
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DE29922034U1 (de) 2000-03-02
EP1108375A2 (de) 2001-06-20
EP1108375A3 (de) 2002-05-15

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