EP1190429B1 - Selbsterholende strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit flüssigmetall - Google Patents
Selbsterholende strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit flüssigmetall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1190429B1 EP1190429B1 EP00929559A EP00929559A EP1190429B1 EP 1190429 B1 EP1190429 B1 EP 1190429B1 EP 00929559 A EP00929559 A EP 00929559A EP 00929559 A EP00929559 A EP 00929559A EP 1190429 B1 EP1190429 B1 EP 1190429B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- limiting device
- self
- recovering current
- current
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device Liquid metal, the electrodes made of solid metal for connection to an external one circuit to be protected and several circuits partially filled with liquid metal, compressor rooms located one behind the other between the electrodes, with pressure-resistant insulating bodies and insulating partition walls Connection channels are formed contains.
- SU 922 911 A is a single-pole self-recovering current limiting device known, which contains two electrodes made of solid metal, separated by the first insulating body designed as a pressure-resistant insulating housing are. Inside the insulating housing are through insulating partitions and interposed second insulating body, which as an annular Sealing disks are designed, one after the other, partially filled with liquid metal lying compressor rooms formed with each other with Liquid metal filled, eccentric circular connection channels the partitions are connected. So there is in normal operation a continuous internal conductive connection between the liquid metal the electrodes. In the current limitation case, due to the high current density displaces the liquid metal from the connecting channels.
- connection channels fill up again Liquid metal, whereupon the current limiting device is ready for operation again is.
- the partition walls have to cope with the increase in pressure when vaporization occurs Liquid metal had and are made of high quality ceramic material with a high temperature resistance and an arcing effect high erosion resistance.
- Liquid metal had and are made of high quality ceramic material with a high temperature resistance and an arcing effect high erosion resistance.
- the connecting channels are more adjacent Partitions offset from each other. It is after Document DE 26 52 506 A1 known, gallium alloys in contact devices, in particular to use GaInSn alloys.
- the known current limiting devices are with current-conducting connection channels circular cross-section.
- the once specified determined unchangeable opening cross-section of the connecting channels essentially the nominal current carrying capacity of the current limiting device.
- a current limiting device is only ex works suitable for a single nominal current range.
- Problems also occur at the sealing joints between the connected insulating bodies.
- the creeping ability of liquid metals high demands on the tightness of the current limiting devices.
- the known current limiting devices by a partially intensive construction and a high installation effort.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a current limiting device specify the inexpensive to manufacture and with simple means can be set to a desired nominal current range.
- the current limiting device according to the invention requires only a few Parts, namely two electrodes, a two-part serving as an insulating body Molded housing and means known per se for connecting the lower part and covers, such as screw, clamp, adhesive, welded or press connections. This means that the effort for provision, assembly and considerably reduced for sealing the remaining parts.
- the creep of Liquid metal is no longer a problem.
- Lid and base included Partitions are made of heat-resistant material, for example heat-resistant Thermoplastic or thermoset, mica or ceramic.
- the open to the top, Connection channels designed as elongated holes allow problem-free Demoulding of the lower part from the mold.
- the current limiting device By filling A certain amount of liquid metal is used in the horizontal position the current limiting device a certain partial cross section of the filled Connection channels as a current-conducting cross-section and thus the nominal current range established.
- the nominal current carrying capacity increases with the level.
- the fill level can be determined, adjusted or by the manufacturer or user to be changed. This allows an optimal adaptation to circumstances of the systems to be protected with a minimum number of sizes one Type range of current limiting devices.
- each of the partitions assigned connection channels leads to a meandering current path and to an arc elongation in the event of a current limitation.
- sealants preferably as a molded or molded seal or seals can be executed.
- the electrodes can be easily removed using means known per se Store in the lower part and fix with the assembly of the cover. It diminishes the assembly effort when the electrodes are fixed in the lower part, preferably simultaneously with the shaping process of the lower part. A full area Covering the corresponding inner surfaces by the electrodes facilitated their fixation and serves the stability of the current limiting device.
- a reclosable filling opening at a suitable point on the molded housing enables the current limiting device in a simple manner to be filled, refilled or filled with liquid metal at the factory or by the customer adjust their fill level to the required nominal current range.
- GalnSn alloys are easy to use as the liquid metal handle due to their physiological safety.
- An alloy of 660 parts by weight of gallium, 205 parts by weight of indium and 135 parts by weight Tin is liquid at normal pressure from 10 ° C to 2000 ° C and has adequate electrical conductivity.
- the current limiting device described above as a single-pole device can advantageously be arranged side by side of the same type of current limiting devices expand to a multi-pole device.
- a such a multi-pole current limiting device expediently has over a common lower part with each other according to the number of poles current paths isolated from one another and / or via a common one Cover.
- the self-recovering current limiting device 1 with liquid metal 3 after Fig. 1 to 5 is designed three-pole and serves to protect a three-phase system.
- the current limiting device 1 is in the form of a molded housing 5 trained insulating body enclosed.
- the molded housing 5 consists of three identical trough-like lower parts 7 arranged close to one another and a common lid 9.
- the lower parts 7 are assembled State of the cover 9 via non-positive and / or positive connection means, for example comprehensive clamping devices in the form of clamping rails, Clamping screws and clamping nuts, closed, one on the underside of the lid 9 sprayed on sealant 11 for the necessary Ensures tightness of the molded housing 5 inwards and outwards.
- the lanyard are not shown for reasons of clarity.
- Per pole are two electrodes 13 each made of copper in the associated lower part 7 stored.
- the electrodes 13 are to be connected to an external one to be protected Circuit each provided with a connecting conductor 15, the side protrudes from the molded housing 5.
- the lower parts 7 are arranged transversely Partitions 17 divided into compressor rooms 19.
- the partition walls 17th are formed in one piece with the respective lower part 7.
- a connecting channel 21 is formed which, with the cover 9 removed is open at the top.
- Compressor rooms 17 are up to a certain height with liquid metal 3, e.g. filled with a GaInSn alloy.
- each lower part 7 has the same height Outer walls 23, 24 and partition walls 17. Thus each lower part is 7th both over its four outer walls 23, 24 and over the partition walls 17 tightly connected to the lid 9.
- the fill level of the liquid metal 3 and the fill level of the liquid metal 3, i.e. conductive cross section of the connecting channels 21 in an almost linear Context. 6 are partition walls 18 provided, the inner edges 26 of which extend in the manner of one another, that the connecting channels 22 formed in this way differ according to their widen open end considerably. This increases with the filling level of the liquid metal 3, the conductive cross section in the connecting channels 22 more than the increase in fill level.
- the invention can be designed in such a way that the electrodes at the shape of the lower parts can be molded into them at the same time. Furthermore, each in the lower parts, preferably in the lower area a reclosable filler opening for the liquid metal is provided be caused by the additional or excess amounts of liquid metal can be added or removed.
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1:
- eine perspektivische, teilweise auseinandergezogene Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Strombegrenzungseinrichtung;
- Figur 2:
- die Draufsicht der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach Fig. 1 bei entferntem Deckel;
- Figur 3:
- den Längsschnitt A-A nach Fig. 2;
- Figur 4:
- den Querschnitt B-B nach Fig. 2;
- Figur 5:
- den gegenüber letzterem versetzten Querschnitt C-C nach Fig. 2;
- Figur 6:
- den Querschnitt B-B nach Fig. 2 für eine Ausführungsvariante der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach Fig. 1.
Claims (16)
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall, enthaltend,Elektroden (13) aus Festmetall zum Anschließen an einen äußeren zu schützenden Stromkreis undmehrere mit Flüssigmetall (3) teilweise aufgefüllte, zwischen den Elektroden (13) hintereinander liegende Verdichterräume (19),die durch druckfeste Isolierkörper und durch isolierende Zwischenwände (17; 18) mit Verbindungskanälen (21; 22) gebildet werden,ein umschließendes isolierendes Formgehäuse (5) aus einem wannenartigen Unterteil (7) und einem dieses über kraft- und/oder formschlüssige Verbindungsmittel dicht verschließenden Deckel (9) besteht,die Zwischenwände (17; 18) einteilig mit dem Unterteil (7) verbunden sind,die Verbindungskanäle (21; 22) als nach oben offene Langlöcher ausgebildet sind unddie Elektroden (13) im Unterteil (7) gelagert sind.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Zwischenwand (17; 18) jeweils ein Verbindungskanal (21; 22) zugeordnet ist und die Verbindungskanäle (21; 22) benachbarter Zwischenwände (17; 18) zueinander seitlich versetzt angeordnet sind.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Unterteil (7) sowohl über seine Außenwände (23; 24) als auch über die Zwischenwände (17; 18) mit dem Deckel (9) dicht verbunden ist.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch gleichhohe Außenwände (23; 24) und Zwischenwände (17; 18).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Unterteil (7) und Deckel (9) über Dichtmittel (11) verbunden sind.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch leicht nach außen gestellte Innenkanten (25) der Verbindungskanäle (21).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch sich erheblich nach oben weitende Innenkanten (26) der Verbindungskanäle (22).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch leicht nach innen gestellte Wandflächen (27) der Zwischenwände (17; 18).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch leicht nach außen gestellte Innenflächen (29; 30) der Außenwände (23; 24).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektroden (13) im Unterteil (7) fixiert sind und mit jeweils einem Anschlussleiter (15) nach außen reichen.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens die Anschlussleiter der Elektroden vom Unterteil umformt sind.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektroden (13) die entsprechenden gegenüberliegenden Innenflächen (30) des Unterteils (7) vollständig abdecken.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine verschließbare Einfüllöffnung im Formgehäuse.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine GainSn-Legierung als Flüssigmetall (3).
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch mehrere seitlich verbundene gleichartige Pole.
- Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung nach vorstehendem Anspruch, gekennzeichnet durch ein gemeinsames Unterteil (7) und/oder einen gemeinsamer Deckel (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19927065A DE19927065A1 (de) | 1999-06-15 | 1999-06-15 | Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall |
DE19927065 | 1999-06-15 | ||
PCT/EP2000/004818 WO2000077811A1 (de) | 1999-06-15 | 2000-05-26 | Selbsterholende strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit flüssigmetall |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1190429A1 EP1190429A1 (de) | 2002-03-27 |
EP1190429B1 true EP1190429B1 (de) | 2004-06-23 |
Family
ID=7911174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00929559A Expired - Lifetime EP1190429B1 (de) | 1999-06-15 | 2000-05-26 | Selbsterholende strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit flüssigmetall |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6603384B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1190429B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3643077B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19927065A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000077811A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005006368A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 | 2005-01-20 | Abb Research Ltd | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur stromschaltung mit einem fluidbetriebenen flüssigmetall-stromschalter |
JP3955956B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-30 | 2007-08-08 | 国立大学法人九州工業大学 | 誘電泳動力を用いた自己回復性限流ヒューズ |
WO2009055763A2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Kowalik Daniel P | Micro-fluidic bubble fuse |
JP5050265B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-09 | 2012-10-17 | 国立大学法人九州工業大学 | 自己回復性限流ヒューズ |
US8953314B1 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2015-02-10 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Passive heat sink for dynamic thermal management of hot spots |
CN107248729B (zh) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-04 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | 一种液态金属限流装置及方法 |
CN108963998B (zh) * | 2018-06-05 | 2022-04-15 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | 旋转式液态金属限流器 |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1595061A (en) * | 1922-10-17 | 1926-08-03 | Valerius Johann | Electric cut-out |
US3249722A (en) * | 1963-09-24 | 1966-05-03 | Jr John E Lindberg | Electrical relay employing liquid metal in a capillary tube that is wet by the liquid metal |
US3331937A (en) * | 1965-03-01 | 1967-07-18 | Gen Electric | Liquid metal switch |
US3381248A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1968-04-30 | Harold P. Furth | Magnetic pressure liquid circuit breaker |
FR1503721A (fr) * | 1966-10-11 | 1967-12-01 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Perfectionnements aux interrupteurs électriques pour courants intenses |
US3389360A (en) * | 1967-04-19 | 1968-06-18 | Gen Electric | Change of state current limiter having flat plate construction |
US3389359A (en) * | 1967-04-19 | 1968-06-18 | Gen Electric | Change of state current limiter devices with stacked segment construction |
DE1788143B1 (de) * | 1967-04-19 | 1972-12-21 | Gen Electric | Strombegrenzungsvorrichtung |
US3699489A (en) * | 1970-03-28 | 1972-10-17 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Current limiting device |
US3838373A (en) * | 1970-12-25 | 1974-09-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Self-recovering current limiter |
DE2652506A1 (de) * | 1976-11-18 | 1978-05-24 | Gec Elliott Automation Ltd | Elektrische hochstromvorrichtungen |
GB2036443B (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1983-04-13 | Gec Elliott Automation Ltd | Liquidi-metal switch |
SU922911A1 (ru) * | 1980-05-05 | 1982-04-23 | Kb Polt Inst Kujbysheva | Токоограничитель 1 |
SU1045296A2 (ru) * | 1980-12-30 | 1983-09-30 | Предприятие П/Я В-8574 | Переключатель |
US4429295A (en) * | 1981-11-13 | 1984-01-31 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Variable impedance current limiting device |
SU1076981A1 (ru) * | 1982-07-29 | 1984-02-29 | Куйбышевский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им.В.В.Куйбышева | Токоограничитель |
US4510356A (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-04-09 | Malm John A | Liquid metal switch apparatus |
DD282778A5 (de) | 1989-04-26 | 1990-09-19 | Karl Marx Stadt Tech Hochschul | Stromgesteuerte abschaltvorrichtung |
US5581192A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1996-12-03 | Eaton Corporation | Conductive liquid compositions and electrical circuit protection devices comprising conductive liquid compositions |
US5471185A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1995-11-28 | Eaton Corporation | Electrical circuit protection devices comprising conductive liquid compositions |
-
1999
- 1999-06-15 DE DE19927065A patent/DE19927065A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-16 US US10/009,719 patent/US6603384B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-26 WO PCT/EP2000/004818 patent/WO2000077811A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-26 DE DE50006892T patent/DE50006892D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-26 JP JP2001503195A patent/JP3643077B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-26 EP EP00929559A patent/EP1190429B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000077811A1 (de) | 2000-12-21 |
JP3643077B2 (ja) | 2005-04-27 |
DE19927065A1 (de) | 2000-12-21 |
EP1190429A1 (de) | 2002-03-27 |
DE50006892D1 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
US6603384B1 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
JP2003502797A (ja) | 2003-01-21 |
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