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EP1183482A1 - Tubular burner for industrial furnaces - Google Patents

Tubular burner for industrial furnaces

Info

Publication number
EP1183482A1
EP1183482A1 EP00927151A EP00927151A EP1183482A1 EP 1183482 A1 EP1183482 A1 EP 1183482A1 EP 00927151 A EP00927151 A EP 00927151A EP 00927151 A EP00927151 A EP 00927151A EP 1183482 A1 EP1183482 A1 EP 1183482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
individual nozzles
combustion
burner
combustion gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00927151A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1183482B1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Kästingschäfer
Thomas Woestmann
Oliver Wilde
Sebastian Mainusch
Reinhard Körting
Andreas Kroner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Krupp Polysius AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Polysius AG filed Critical Krupp Polysius AG
Publication of EP1183482A1 publication Critical patent/EP1183482A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1183482B1 publication Critical patent/EP1183482B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tubular burner for industrial furnaces, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a particularly preferred field of application of such a burner is heat treatment systems for mineral goods, for example furnaces or furnace systems for heat treatment or for burning cement clinker, lime, ores and the like, with rotary kilns, calcining furnaces or calcining devices etc. being particularly useful as industrial furnaces or industrial furnace systems come into question.
  • the combustion process can be influenced by the design and mode of operation of the burner, in order to adapt the process engineering tasks in such industrial furnaces or furnace systems, for example in adaptation to the respective raw material properties, to the desired quality characteristics of the product to be produced Product, different types of fuel, etc.
  • the prescribed emission values, for example with regard to carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide, of such industrial furnaces must also be complied with, the associated burner - and thus also the corresponding furnace - being operated in an energetically and economically advantageous manner.
  • the aim is to use the burner to form an optimal flame in the furnace combustion chamber by causing the supplied combustion air or the supplied combustion gas to be mixed with the supplied fuel.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a burner according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the intermixing of fuel into the entire combustion gas or into the entire combustion air and thus the entire combustion process (ignition, combustion of the fuels, NO ⁇ - Formation, flame shape and length) can be optimally influenced.
  • At least one outer annular feed channel is essentially designed as a fuel feed channel, and the combustion gas feed channel provided with the individual nozzles is arranged radially within this fuel feed channel.
  • the primary air flowing in through the individual nozzles blows the fuel flowing in through the at least one outer fuel supply channel at least approximately radially outward in the direction of the burner circumference and thus into the secondary air flowing in there, thereby a very intense and rapid input mix of primary air and fuel in the secondary air flowing in from the outside. Due to the position of the individual nozzles (radially within the fuel supply channel), the fuel is mixed into the heated or hot secondary air by a high impulse, which leads to rapid ignition of the fuel. The degree of mixing and mixing of primary and secondary air with fuel (or the fuels) is controlled depending on the respective fuels, the loading of the secondary air with dust and chemicals, and the furnace geometry by appropriate alignment of the radially inner individual nozzles.
  • the degree of interference affects the entire combustion process (ie ignition, fuel burnout, NO ⁇ formation, flame shape and length, etc.) significantly.
  • this burner according to the invention in a rotary kiln for the production of cement clinker, the heat treatment or. Burning process with a view to achieving good clinker quality and with a high availability of the associated rotary kiln can be optimally controlled.
  • the burner designed according to the invention can be used not only in a rotary tube furnace, but also in other industrial furnaces or industrial furnace systems, where a comparable heat treatment or firing process is to be carried out, as is the case, for example is the case in calcining furnaces or calcining devices, in kilns for the burning of lime, for the heat treatment of ores and the like.
  • the individual nozzles can not only be parallel, but also with a aligned angles to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel surrounding them on the outside. It is also conceivable that the alignment angle of the individual nozzles is adjustable. With an oblique orientation of the individual nozzles in relation to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel surrounding them, it is possible to inject the primary air (or the primary combustion gas) flowing into the combustion chamber through the individual nozzles to a greater or lesser extent divergently . With a skewed arrangement of the individual nozzles in relation to the fuel supply duct surrounding them, a corresponding swirl can also be generated, so that the mixing effect of primary air and fuel with the secondary air and thus the influence on the entire combustion process can be increased accordingly.
  • This alignment of the individual nozzles can thus be carried out as a basic setting according to one embodiment, based on optimal knowledge, or the individual nozzles can be readjusted again and again according to the given relationship according to the other embodiment variant (be it during operation, be it during an operation) Shutdown).
  • the at least one outer fuel supply channel is essentially intended for the supply of the corresponding fuels (liquid, gaseous or fine-grained or powdery), but there is also a certain proportion of combustion air (in Mixture with the fuels) can be supplied. And in a similar way, the combustion gas supplied via the individual nozzles or the primary gas introduced there If necessary, a certain amount of fuel can be mixed in.
  • Fig.l is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an industrial furnace designed for example as a rotary kiln, which is equipped with a burner designed according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned longitudinal view of the inner burner end section (roughly corresponding to section II in FIG. 1);
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the inner end of the burner (corresponding to arrow III in FIG. 2).
  • the tubular burner 1 designed according to the invention will be described below with reference to a particularly typical application or use example, namely when used on or in a rotary kiln 2 for producing cement clinker.
  • a rotary kiln 2 for producing cement clinker.
  • this rotary kiln 2 only the burner-side or outlet-side kiln end 2a is illustrated in a very rough and schematic manner in FIG. 1, ie this rotary kiln 2 can be designed in any suitable manner.
  • This outlet-side furnace end 2a projects into a conventional furnace outlet head 3, through which the furnace end 2a is connected to the inlet 4a of any suitable cooler 4, which is therefore only briefly indicated in FIG.
  • the tubular burner 1 designed according to the invention projects - as is known per se - with its inner end section or mouthpiece la from the front side from the rear and approximately axially into the rotary kiln end 2a, specifically in its combustion chamber 7.
  • the burner 1 is - as indicated schematically in Fig.l - in the region of its outer end section 1b located outside the rotary kiln 2 via corresponding supply lines with fuel (dash-dotted arrows 8) and combustion gas, in particular primary air (dashed arrows 9) and possibly even more Pilot fuels and pilot air are supplied in a generally known manner.
  • the burner 1 or its mouthpiece 1 a contains a plurality of tube walls arranged with radial distances from one another and coaxially one inside the other, namely an outer tube wall 10, a first inner tube wall 11 lying coaxially and within this outer tube wall 10, and at least one further coaxially within this first inner tube wall 11 lying second or central tube wall 12.
  • These tube walls 10, 11, 12 delimit a plurality of separate, approximately cross-sectional feed channels, namely an outer annular feed channel 13, an inner annular feed channel 14 lying coaxially within this outer feed channel 13, and at least one further inner feed channel 15 which, in this case, is illustrated as a feed channel 15 which is approximately circular in cross-section within the central tube wall 12, for example, for a pilot burner or the like which is known per se, for example.
  • a number of individual nozzles 16 are distributed in a ring shape, as indicated in FIG.
  • the outer (or outermost) annular feed channel is essentially designed as a fuel feed channel 13, as viewed in the cross section of the mouthpiece la, while - as already indicated - the combustion gas or Primary air supply duct 14 is arranged radially within this fuel supply duct 13 (as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 further show that the outer fuel supply channel 13 is expediently designed at its end facing the furnace space 7 approximately in the form of an annular nozzle (13a) which opens freely (i.e. openly and essentially unhindered).
  • the individual nozzles 16 can in principle - as shown in solid lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 - be aligned in their outflow direction parallel to the burner longitudinal axis ld in order to ensure the improved mixing effect of the fuel described above in the combustion air, in particular in the secondary air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

A tubular burner for industrial furnaces is capable of achieving a good mixing of combustion gas and fuel. This burner contains an end section projecting into a combustion zone supplied with secondary combustion air, and several separate annular feed ducts for combustion gas and fuel bounded by tubular walls arranged coaxially one inside the other, individual nozzles being arranged in approximately annular distribution in the end wall of the combustion gas feed duct facing into the combustion zone. To achieve a good mixing of combustion gas/combustion air and fuel, at least one outer annular feed duct is constructed essentially as fuel feed duct, whilst the combustion gas feed duct equipped with individual nozzles is arranged radially inside this fuel feed duct.

Description

Rohrförmiger Brenner für IndustrieöfenTubular burner for industrial furnaces
Die Erfindung betrifft einen rohrförmigen Brenner für Industrieöfen, entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspru- ches 1.The invention relates to a tubular burner for industrial furnaces, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein besonders bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet eines solchen Brenners sind Wärmebehandlungsanlagen für mineralische Güter, beispielsweise Öfen bzw. Ofenanlagen zur Wärmebehandlung bzw. zum Brennen von Zementklinker, Kalk, Erzen u.dgl., wobei Drehrohröfen, Calcinieröfen bzw. Calciniereinrichtungen usw. als Industrieöfen bzw. Industrieöfenanlagen besonders in Frage kommen.A particularly preferred field of application of such a burner is heat treatment systems for mineral goods, for example furnaces or furnace systems for heat treatment or for burning cement clinker, lime, ores and the like, with rotary kilns, calcining furnaces or calcining devices etc. being particularly useful as industrial furnaces or industrial furnace systems come into question.
Gerade bei Industrieöfen der zuvor angedeuteten Art ist es von Bedeutung, daß der Verbrennungsprozeß durch die Gestaltung und Betriebsweise des Brenners beeinflußt werden kann, um die verfahrenstechnischen Aufgaben in solchen Industrieöfen bzw. Ofenanlagen beispielsweise in Anpassung an die jeweiligen Rohmaterialeigenschaften, die gewünschten Qualitätsmerkmale des zu erzeugenden Produktes, unterschiedliche Brennstoffarten usw. erfüllen zu können. Ferner müssen dabei auch die vorgeschriebenen Emissionswerte etwa hinsichtlich Kohlendio- xid und Stickoxid solcher Industrieöfen eingehalten werden, wobei der zugehörige Brenner - und damit auch der entsprechende Ofen - energetisch und wirtschaftlich günstig betrieben werden soll. Zu diesem Zweck ist man bestrebt, mit Hilfe des Brenners im Ofenbrennraum eine optimale Flamme auszubilden, indem eine günstige Vermischung der zugeführten Verbrennungsluft bzw. des zugeführten Verbrennungsgases mit dem zugeführten Brennstoff herbeigeführt wird. Es sind daher bereits verschiedene Brennerausfuhrungen bekannt geworden (z.B. DE-A-43 19 363 und DE-A-196 48 981) , in denen mehrere koaxial angeordnete Rohrwände mehrere gesonderte, im Querschnitt etwa ringförmige Zu- führkanäle für Verbrennungsgas bzw. Verbrennungsluft und Brennstoff begrenzen. Dabei sind an dem in den Brennraum ausmündenden Brennerstirnende des für die Verbrennungsgaszufuhr bestimmten äußeren ringförmigen Zuführkanales Einzeldüsen etwa ringförmig verteilt an- geordnet, die einen innerhalb dieses Verbrennungsgas- Zuführkanales liegenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanal umgeben und für eine Vermischung von zugeführtem Brennstoff und Verbrennungsgas dadurch sorgen sollen, daß sie in ihrer radialen und/oder tangentialen Ausströmrichtung ein- stellbar sind. Die Praxis hat nun jedoch gezeigt, daß die gewünschte gute Vermischung zwischen Verbrennungsgas bzw. Verbrennungsluft und Brennstoff nur sehr unzureichend erzielt werden kann. Dabei wird v.a. die gesondert in den Brennraum eingeführte und im Außenum- fangsbereich des Brenners zuströmende Sekundärverbren- nungsluft (Sekundärluft) meist ungenügend in dieses Verbrennungsgas-/Verbrennungsluft-Brennstoffgemisch einbezogen.Especially in industrial furnaces of the type indicated above, it is important that the combustion process can be influenced by the design and mode of operation of the burner, in order to adapt the process engineering tasks in such industrial furnaces or furnace systems, for example in adaptation to the respective raw material properties, to the desired quality characteristics of the product to be produced Product, different types of fuel, etc. Furthermore, the prescribed emission values, for example with regard to carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide, of such industrial furnaces must also be complied with, the associated burner - and thus also the corresponding furnace - being operated in an energetically and economically advantageous manner. For this purpose, the aim is to use the burner to form an optimal flame in the furnace combustion chamber by causing the supplied combustion air or the supplied combustion gas to be mixed with the supplied fuel. Various burner designs have therefore already become known (for example DE-A-43 19 363 and DE-A-196 48 981) in which a plurality of coaxially arranged tube walls has a plurality of separate feed channels for combustion gas or combustion air and fuel which are approximately annular in cross section limit. In this case, individual nozzles are distributed approximately in a ring shape at the end of the burner end of the outer annular supply duct intended for the combustion gas supply, which nozzles surround a fuel supply duct lying within this combustion gas supply duct and are intended to mix the supplied fuel and combustion gas thereby. that they can be adjusted in their radial and / or tangential outflow direction. Practice has now shown, however, that the desired good mixing between combustion gas or combustion air and fuel can be achieved only inadequately. Above all, the secondary combustion air (secondary air), which is separately introduced into the combustion chamber and flows in the outer circumferential area of the burner, is usually insufficiently incorporated into this combustion gas / combustion air / fuel mixture.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Brenner gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 so zu verbessern, daß die Einmischung von Brennstoff in das gesamte Verbrennungsgas bzw. in die gesamte Verbrennungsluft und damit der ganze Verbrennungsprozeß (Zündung, Ausbrand der Brennstoffe, NOχ-Bildung, Flammenform und -länge) optimal beeinflußt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a burner according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the intermixing of fuel into the entire combustion gas or into the entire combustion air and thus the entire combustion process (ignition, combustion of the fuels, NO χ - Formation, flame shape and length) can be optimally influenced.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Brennerausführung ist nun - im Querschnitt des inneren Brennermundstückes betrachtet - wenigstens ein äußerer ringförmiger Zuführkanal im wesentlichen als Brennstoff-Zuführkanal ausgeführt, und der mit den Einzeldüsen versehene Ver- brennungsgas-Zufuhrkanal ist radial innerhalb dieses Brennstoff-Zuführkanales angeordnet. Bezieht man sich bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung beispielsweise auf einen besonders praxisnahen Einsatz dieses Brenners etwa in einem Drehrohrofen, in dessen Brennraum sauer- stoffreiche, vorgewärmte Sekundärverbrennungsluft, sogenannte "Sekundärluft" beispielsweise aus einem dem Drehrohrofen nachgeschalteten Kühler direkt zugeführt wird, wobei sie wenigstens teilweise an der Außenum- fangsseite des inneren Brennerendabschnittes entlang- bzw. zuströmt, während weiteres Verbrennungsgas, insbesondere sogenannte "Primärluft" über den inneren Ring von Einzeldüsen und Brennstoff durch den äußeren ringförmigen Brennstoff-Zuführkanal zugeführt werden, dann läßt sich gut vorstellen, daß durch die radial innen liegenden Einzeldüsen der in den Brennraum einströmende Brennstoff mittels der Primärluft in die von außen her zuströmende Sekundärverbrennungsluft gezielt eingeblasen wird. Dies bedeutet somit, daß durch die über die Einzeldüsen einströmende Primärluft (als Verbrennungs- gas) der durch den wenigstens einen äußeren Brennstoff- Zuführkanal einströmende Brennstoff zumindest etwa radial nach außen in Richtung des Brennerumfangs und damit in die dort einströmende Sekundärluft eingeblasen wird, wodurch sich eine sehr intensive und rasche Ein- mischung von Primärluft und Brennstoff in die von außen her einströmende Sekundärluft ergibt. Aufgrund der Lage der Einzeldüsen (radial innerhalb des Brennstoff-Zu- führkanales) wird der Brennstoff durch einen hohen Im- puls in die erwärmte bzw. heiße Sekundärluft eingemischt, was zu einer raschen Zündung des Brennstoffes führt. Der Grad der Ein- und Vermischung von Primär- und Sekundärluft mit Brennstoff (bzw. den Brennstoffen) wird in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Brennstoffe, der Beladung der Sekundärluft mit Staub und Chemikalien, der Ofengeometrie durch eine entsprechende Ausrichtung der radial innen liegenden Einzeldüsen gesteuert. Auf diese Weise beeinflußt der Grad der Einmischung den gesamten Verbrennungsprozeß (d.h. Zündung, Ausbrand der Brennstoffe, NOχ-Bildung, Flammenform und -länge usw.) ganz wesentlich. Gerade bei dem Einsatz dieses erfindungsgemäßen Brenners in einem Drehrohrofen zur Herstellung von Zementklinker kann der Wärmebehandlungsbzw. Brennprozeß hinsichtlich der Erzielung einer guten Klinkerqualität und hinsichtlich einer hohen Verfügbarkeit des zugehörigen Drehrohrofens optimal gesteuert werden. Es sei in diesem Zusammenhang jedoch auch darauf hingewiesen, daß der erfindungsgemäß ausgeführte Brenner nicht nur in einem Drehrohrofen, sondern auch in anderen Industrieöfen bzw. Industrieöfenanlagen eingesetzt werden kann, wo ein vergleichbarer Wärmebehand- lungs- bzw. Brennprozeß durchgeführt werden soll, wie es beispielsweise in Calcinieröfen bzw. Calcinierein- richtungen, in Brennöfen zum Brennen von Kalk, zur Wär- mebehandlung von Erzen und dergleichen mehr der Fall ist.In the burner design according to the invention, when viewed in cross section of the inner burner mouthpiece, at least one outer annular feed channel is essentially designed as a fuel feed channel, and the combustion gas feed channel provided with the individual nozzles is arranged radially within this fuel feed channel. In this embodiment according to the invention, reference is made, for example, to a particularly practical use of this burner, for example in a rotary kiln, in the combustion chamber of which oxygen-rich, preheated secondary combustion air, so-called "secondary air", for example, is fed directly from a cooler connected downstream of the rotary kiln, at least partially flows along or flows along the outer circumferential side of the inner burner end section, while further combustion gas, in particular so-called "primary air", is supplied via the inner ring of individual nozzles and fuel through the outer annular fuel supply channel, then it is easy to imagine that through the radial internal nozzles, the fuel flowing into the combustion chamber is specifically blown into the secondary combustion air flowing in from the outside by means of the primary air. This means that the primary air flowing in through the individual nozzles (as combustion gas) blows the fuel flowing in through the at least one outer fuel supply channel at least approximately radially outward in the direction of the burner circumference and thus into the secondary air flowing in there, thereby a very intense and rapid input mix of primary air and fuel in the secondary air flowing in from the outside. Due to the position of the individual nozzles (radially within the fuel supply channel), the fuel is mixed into the heated or hot secondary air by a high impulse, which leads to rapid ignition of the fuel. The degree of mixing and mixing of primary and secondary air with fuel (or the fuels) is controlled depending on the respective fuels, the loading of the secondary air with dust and chemicals, and the furnace geometry by appropriate alignment of the radially inner individual nozzles. In this way, the degree of interference affects the entire combustion process (ie ignition, fuel burnout, NO χ formation, flame shape and length, etc.) significantly. Especially when using this burner according to the invention in a rotary kiln for the production of cement clinker, the heat treatment or. Burning process with a view to achieving good clinker quality and with a high availability of the associated rotary kiln can be optimally controlled. In this connection, however, it should also be pointed out that the burner designed according to the invention can be used not only in a rotary tube furnace, but also in other industrial furnaces or industrial furnace systems, where a comparable heat treatment or firing process is to be carried out, as is the case, for example is the case in calcining furnaces or calcining devices, in kilns for the burning of lime, for the heat treatment of ores and the like.
Die Einzeldüsen können hinsichtlich ihrer Ausströmungs- richtung nicht nur parallel, sondern auch mit einem be- stimmten Winkel zur Ausströmrichtung des sie außen umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanals ausgerichtet werden. Dabei ist auch denkbar, daß der Ausrichtungswinkel der Einzeldüsen einstellbar ist. Mit einer schrägen Aus- richtung der Einzeldüsen in bezug auf die Ausströmrichtung des sie umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanals besteht die Möglichkeit, die über die Einzeldüsen in den Brennraum einströmende Primärluft (bzw. das Primärverbren- nungsgas) mehr oder weniger stark nach außen divergie- rend einzublasen. Bei einer windschiefen Anordnung der Einzeldüsen in bezug auf den sie umgebenden Brennstoffzuführkanal kann zudem ein entsprechender Drall erzeugt werden, so daß der Vermischungseffekt von Primärluft und Brennstoff mit der Sekundärluft und damit die Be- einflussung des gesamten Verbrennungsprozesses noch entsprechend gesteigert werden kann. Dieses Ausrichten der Einzeldüsen kann somit nach der einen Ausführungsvariante nach optimalen Erkenntnissen als Grundeinstellung fest vorgenommen werden, oder die Einzeldüsen kön- nen gemäß der anderen Ausführungsvariante je nach den gegebenen Verhältnisses immer wieder neu eingestellt werden (sei es während des Betriebes, sei es während eines Betriebsstillstandes) .With regard to their outflow direction, the individual nozzles can not only be parallel, but also with a aligned angles to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel surrounding them on the outside. It is also conceivable that the alignment angle of the individual nozzles is adjustable. With an oblique orientation of the individual nozzles in relation to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel surrounding them, it is possible to inject the primary air (or the primary combustion gas) flowing into the combustion chamber through the individual nozzles to a greater or lesser extent divergently . With a skewed arrangement of the individual nozzles in relation to the fuel supply duct surrounding them, a corresponding swirl can also be generated, so that the mixing effect of primary air and fuel with the secondary air and thus the influence on the entire combustion process can be increased accordingly. This alignment of the individual nozzles can thus be carried out as a basic setting according to one embodiment, based on optimal knowledge, or the individual nozzles can be readjusted again and again according to the given relationship according to the other embodiment variant (be it during operation, be it during an operation) Shutdown).
Es sei an dieser Stelle noch darauf hingewiesen, daß der wenigstens eine äußere Brennstoff-Zuführkanal zwar im wesentlichen für die Zufuhr der entsprechenden Brennstoffe (flüssig, gasförmig oder feinkörnig bzw. pulverförmig) bestimmt ist, dort jedoch durchaus auch ein gewisser Anteil an Verbrennungsluft (im Gemisch mit den Brennstoffen) zugeführt werden kann. Und in ähnlicher Weise kann auch dem über die Einzeldüsen zugeführten Verbrennungsgas bzw. der dort eingeführten Primär- luft im Bedarfsfälle ein gewisser Anteil an Brennstoff eingemischt werden.At this point, it should also be pointed out that the at least one outer fuel supply channel is essentially intended for the supply of the corresponding fuels (liquid, gaseous or fine-grained or powdery), but there is also a certain proportion of combustion air (in Mixture with the fuels) can be supplied. And in a similar way, the combustion gas supplied via the individual nozzles or the primary gas introduced there If necessary, a certain amount of fuel can be mixed in.
Die Erfindung sei nachfolgend anhand einer weitgehend schematischen Zeichnung noch etwas näher erläutert. In dieser Zeichnung zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a largely schematic drawing. Show in this drawing
Fig.l eine schematische Längsschnittansicht eines beispielsweise als Drehrohrofen ausgebildeten Industrieofens, der mit einem erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Brenner ausgerüstet ist;Fig.l is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an industrial furnace designed for example as a rotary kiln, which is equipped with a burner designed according to the invention;
Fig.2 eine teilweise geschnittene Längsansicht des inneren Brenner-Endabschnittes (etwa entspre- chend Ausschnitt II in Fig.l);2 shows a partially sectioned longitudinal view of the inner burner end section (roughly corresponding to section II in FIG. 1);
Fig.3 eine Stirnansicht auf das innere Brennerende (entsprechend Pfeil III in Fig.2).3 shows a front view of the inner end of the burner (corresponding to arrow III in FIG. 2).
Der erfindungsgemäß ausgeführte rohrförmige Brenner 1 sei nachfolgend anhand eines besonders typischen Anwen- dungs- bzw. Einsatzbeispieles beschrieben, und zwar bei der Verwendung an bzw. in einem Drehrohrofen 2 zur Herstellung von Zementklinker. Von diesem Drehrohrofen 2 ist in Fig.l lediglich das brennerseitige bzw. auslauf- seitige Ofenende 2a ganz grob und schematisch veranschaulicht, d.h. dieser Drehrohrofen 2 kann in jeder geeigneten Weise ausgeführt sein. Dieses auslaufseitige Ofenende 2a ragt in einen üblichen Ofenauslaufkopf 3 hinein, durch den das Ofenende 2a mit dem Einlauf 4a irgendeines geeigneten und daher in Fig.l nur kurz angedeuteten Kühlers 4 verbunden ist. Wie allgemein bekannt und in Fig.l durch gestrichelte Pfeile 5 angedeutet ist, fällt aus dem Ofenende 2a austretender, fertig gebrannter heißer Zementklinker in den Kühler 4, wo er mit Hilfe von Kühlgas, insbesondere Kühlluft, abgekühlt wird. Die dadurch erwärmte Kühlerabluft wird wenigstens teilweise entsprechend den durchgehend gezeichneten Pfeilen 6 als Sekundärverbrennungsluft - nachfolgend nur als "Sekundärluft" bezeichnet - direkt in den Brennraum 7 innerhalb des Drehrohrofenendes 2a eingeführt .The tubular burner 1 designed according to the invention will be described below with reference to a particularly typical application or use example, namely when used on or in a rotary kiln 2 for producing cement clinker. Of this rotary kiln 2, only the burner-side or outlet-side kiln end 2a is illustrated in a very rough and schematic manner in FIG. 1, ie this rotary kiln 2 can be designed in any suitable manner. This outlet-side furnace end 2a projects into a conventional furnace outlet head 3, through which the furnace end 2a is connected to the inlet 4a of any suitable cooler 4, which is therefore only briefly indicated in FIG. As is generally known and is indicated in Fig.l by dashed arrows 5, falls out of the furnace end 2a, done baked hot cement clinker in the cooler 4, where it is cooled with the help of cooling gas, in particular cooling air. The thus heated cooler exhaust air is at least partially introduced directly into the combustion chamber 7 within the rotary kiln end 2a according to the arrows 6 drawn continuously as secondary combustion air - hereinafter referred to only as "secondary air".
Der erfindungsgemäß ausgeführte rohrförmige Brenner 1 ragt - wie an sich bekannt - mit seinem inneren Endabschnitt bzw. Mundstück la stirnseitig von hinten her und etwa axial in das Drehrohrofenende 2a hinein, und zwar in dessen Brennraum 7.The tubular burner 1 designed according to the invention projects - as is known per se - with its inner end section or mouthpiece la from the front side from the rear and approximately axially into the rotary kiln end 2a, specifically in its combustion chamber 7.
Der Brenner 1 wird - wie in Fig.l schematisch angedeutet - im Bereich seines außerhalb des Drehrohrofens 2 befindlichen äußeren Endabschnittes lb über entsprechende Zuführleitungen mit Brennstoff (strichpunktierte Pfeile 8) und Verbrennungsgas, insbesondere Primärluft (gestrichelte Pfeile 9) sowie ggf. noch durch weitere Zündbrennstoffe und Zündluft in grundsätzlich bekannter Weise versorgt.The burner 1 is - as indicated schematically in Fig.l - in the region of its outer end section 1b located outside the rotary kiln 2 via corresponding supply lines with fuel (dash-dotted arrows 8) and combustion gas, in particular primary air (dashed arrows 9) and possibly even more Pilot fuels and pilot air are supplied in a generally known manner.
Der weitere Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Brenners 1 sei insbesondere anhand der Fig.2 und 3 und dabei vor allem im Bereich seines Mundstücks la näher erläutert. Hiernach enthält der Brenner 1 bzw. sein Mundstück la mehrere mit radialen Abständen zueinander und koaxial in- einander angeordnete Rohrwände, nämlich eine äußere Rohrwand 10, eine koaxial und innerhalb dieser äußeren Rohrwand 10 liegende erste innere Rohrwand 11 sowie zumindest eine weitere koaxial innerhalb dieser ersten inneren Rohrwand 11 liegende zweite bzw. zentrale Rohr- wand 12. Diese Rohrwände 10, 11, 12 begrenzen mehrere gesonderte, im Querschnitt etwa ringförmige Zuführkanäle, und zwar einen äußeren ringförmigen Zuführkanal 13, einen koaxial innerhalb dieses äußeren Zu- führkanales 13 liegenden inneren ringförmigen Zuführkanal 14 sowie zumindest noch einen weiteren inneren Zuführkanal 15, der in diesem Falle als im Querschnitt etwa kreisförmiger Zuführkanal 15 innerhalb der zentralen Rohrwand 12 beispielsweise für hier nicht näher veranschaulichte, da an sich bekannte Zündbrenner oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein kann. In dem in den Brennraum 7 weisenden Stirnende 14c des im wesentlichen für die Verbrennungsgaszufuhr, also im vorliegenden Falle für die Primärluftzufuhr (Pfeile 9) ausgebildeten inne- ren Zuführkanal 14 ist eine Anzahl von Einzeldüsen 16 etwa - wie in Fig.3 angedeutet - ringförmig verteilt angeordnet, wobei sie - wie später nochmals erwähnt wird - fest oder einstellbar in einer ringförmigen Stirnwand 17 gehaltert sind, die am bzw. im Stirnende 14c des Primärluft-Zuführkanales 14 fest angebracht ist.The further structure of the burner 1 according to the invention will be explained in more detail in particular with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 and in particular in the area of its mouthpiece la. According to this, the burner 1 or its mouthpiece 1 a contains a plurality of tube walls arranged with radial distances from one another and coaxially one inside the other, namely an outer tube wall 10, a first inner tube wall 11 lying coaxially and within this outer tube wall 10, and at least one further coaxially within this first inner tube wall 11 lying second or central tube wall 12. These tube walls 10, 11, 12 delimit a plurality of separate, approximately cross-sectional feed channels, namely an outer annular feed channel 13, an inner annular feed channel 14 lying coaxially within this outer feed channel 13, and at least one further inner feed channel 15 which, in this case, is illustrated as a feed channel 15 which is approximately circular in cross-section within the central tube wall 12, for example, for a pilot burner or the like which is known per se, for example. A number of individual nozzles 16 are distributed in a ring shape, as indicated in FIG. 3, in the end face 14c of the inner feed channel 14, which is essentially designed for the combustion gas supply, that is to say in the present case for the primary air supply (arrows 9) arranged, which - as will be mentioned again later - are fixed or adjustable in an annular end wall 17 which is fixedly attached to or in the end 14c of the primary air supply duct 14.
Bei diesem erfindungsgemäßen Brenner 1 ist nun - im Querschnitt des Mundstücks la betrachtet - der äußere (bzw. äußerste) ringförmige Zuführkanal im wesentlichen als Brennstoff-Zuführkanal 13 ausgeführt, während - wie zuvor bereits angedeutet - der mit den Einzeldüsen 16 versehene Verbrennungsgas- bzw. Primärluft-Zuführkanal 14 radial innerhalb dieses Brennstoff-Zuführkanales 13 angeordnet ist (wie die Fig.2 und 3 erkennen lassen).In this burner 1 according to the invention, the outer (or outermost) annular feed channel is essentially designed as a fuel feed channel 13, as viewed in the cross section of the mouthpiece la, while - as already indicated - the combustion gas or Primary air supply duct 14 is arranged radially within this fuel supply duct 13 (as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3).
Es sei an dieser Stelle auch erwähnt, daß es - in Abweichung von dem anhand der Fig.2 und 3 beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel - grundsätzlich auch möglich ist, mehrere ringförmige Brennstoff-Zuführkanäle und mehrere Verbrennungsgas- bzw. Primärluft-Zuführkanäle vorzusehen, ohne das Grundprinzip dieser erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion zu verlassen, wobei auch die Einzeldüsen in mehreren koaxial zueinander liegenden, ringförmig zusammengeordneten Einzeldüsengruppen vorgesehen sein können. Es sei auch betont, daß jede beliebige bzw. geeignete Anzahl von Einzeldüsen 16 - in Anpassung an die jeweiligen Betriebsverhältnisse, Brennstoffe usw. vorgesehen werden kann.At this point it should also be mentioned that - in deviation from the exemplary embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 - it is in principle also possible to provide a plurality of annular fuel supply ducts and a plurality of combustion gas or primary air supply ducts without departing from the basic principle of this construction according to the invention, it also being possible for the individual nozzles to be provided in a plurality of individual nozzle groups which are arranged coaxially to one another. It should also be emphasized that any or suitable number of individual nozzles 16 can be provided in adaptation to the respective operating conditions, fuels etc.
Die Darstellungen in den Fig.2 und 3 zeigen ferner, daß der äußere Brennstoff-Zuführkanal 13 an seinem in den Ofenraum 7 weisenden Stirnende zweckmäßig etwa in Form einer frei (d.h. offen und im wesentlichen ungehindert) ausmündenden Ringdüse (13a) ausgebildet ist.The representations in FIGS. 2 and 3 further show that the outer fuel supply channel 13 is expediently designed at its end facing the furnace space 7 approximately in the form of an annular nozzle (13a) which opens freely (i.e. openly and essentially unhindered).
Die Einzeldüsen 16 können grundsätzlich - wie in den Fig.2 und 3 in ausgezogenen Linien dargestellt ist - in ihrer Ausströmrichtung parallel zur Brennerlängsachse ld ausgerichtet sein, um den weiter oben beschriebenen verbesserten Einmischungseffekt des Brennstoffes in die Verbrennungsluft, insbesondere in die Sekundärluft sicherzustellen. Besonders vorteilhaft kann es jedoch auch sein, wenn die Einzeldüsen 16 hinsichtlich ihrer Ausströmrichtung (vgl. in Fig.2 gestrichelte Pfeile 9a) schräg, d.h. in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Ausström- richtung (strichpunktierte Pfeile 8) des sie außen umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanales 13) ausgerichtet sind, wie es in Fig.2 und 3 nur teilweise und ganz schematisch strichpunktiert angedeutet ist. Dies kann zum einen auf einfache Weise dadurch geschehen, daß die Einzeldüsen 16 bei der Herstellung des Brenners 1 in einer geeigneten Grundeinstellung fest (und dabei even- tuell austauschbar) in der zugehörigen Stirnwand 17 angebracht werden. Zum andern besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, diese Einzeldüsen 16 in der zugehörigen Stirnwand 17 einstellbar, beispielsweise mittels einer Kugelkalotte derart zu haltern, daß sie hinsichtlich ihrer Ausströmrichtung schräg oder windschief zur Aus- strömrichtung des sie umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanals eingestellt werden können. Bei einer schrägen Ausrichtung wird beispielsweise lediglich das Einströmende der Einzeldüsen 16 im wesentlichen radial zur Brennerachse ld verschoben. Bei einer windschiefen Ausrichtung der Einzeldüsen 16 wird das Einströmende der Einzeldüsen 16 auf einen konzentrischen Kreis um die Brennerachse ld bewegt. Diese Einstellmöglichkeiten der Einzeldüsen 16 sind in der Zeichnung nicht näher veranschaulicht, da sie generell zum Stand der Technik gehört, d.h. diese Einzeldüsen 16 können etwa in der beispielsweise aus DE-A-196 48 981 bekannten Weise einstellbar gehaltert sein. The individual nozzles 16 can in principle - as shown in solid lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 - be aligned in their outflow direction parallel to the burner longitudinal axis ld in order to ensure the improved mixing effect of the fuel described above in the combustion air, in particular in the secondary air. However, it can also be particularly advantageous if the individual nozzles 16 are inclined with respect to their outflow direction (see arrows 9a dashed in FIG. 2), ie at a certain angle to the outflow direction (dash-dotted arrows 8) of the fuel supply channel 13 surrounding them ) are aligned, as is only partially and very schematically indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIGS. 2 and 3. This can be done on the one hand in a simple manner in that the individual nozzles 16 are fixed in a suitable basic setting during the manufacture of the burner 1 ( interchangeable) can be attached in the associated end wall 17. On the other hand, however, there is also the possibility of holding these individual nozzles 16 in the associated end wall 17, for example by means of a spherical cap, in such a way that their outflow direction can be adjusted obliquely or skewed to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel surrounding them. With an oblique orientation, for example, only the inflow end of the individual nozzles 16 is displaced essentially radially to the burner axis ld. If the individual nozzles 16 are aligned skewed, the inflow end of the individual nozzles 16 is moved onto a concentric circle around the burner axis ld. These setting options of the individual nozzles 16 are not illustrated in detail in the drawing, since they generally belong to the prior art, ie these individual nozzles 16 can be held in an adjustable manner, for example in the manner known from DE-A-196 48 981.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Rohrförmiger Brenner für Industrieöfen (2), enthaltend1. Tubular burner for industrial furnaces (2) containing
a) einen in einen mit Sekundärverbrennungsluft (6) versorgten Brennraum (7) des Ofens (2) hineinragenden inneren Endabschnitt (la),a) an inner end section (la) projecting into a combustion chamber (7) of the furnace (2) supplied with secondary combustion air (6),
b) mehrere mit radialen Abständen zueinander und koaxial ineinander angeordnete Rohrwände (10, 11, 12) , die mehrere gesonderte und im Querschnitt etwa ringförmige Zuführkanäle (13, 14) für Verbrennungsgas (9) und Brennstoff (8) be- grenzen, wobeib) a plurality of tube walls (10, 11, 12) arranged with radial spacings from one another and coaxially one inside the other, which delimit a plurality of separate and, in cross section, approximately annular feed channels (13, 14) for combustion gas (9) and fuel (8), wherein
c) in der in den Brennraum (7) weisenden Stirnseitec) in the end face pointing into the combustion chamber (7)
(14c) wenigstens eines im wesentlichen für die(14c) at least one essentially for the
Verbrennungsgaszufuhr (9) ausgebildeten Zuführ- kanales (14) eine Anzahl von Einzeldüsen (16) etwa ringförmig verteilt angeordnet ist,Combustion gas supply (9) formed supply channel (14) a number of individual nozzles (16) is arranged approximately annularly distributed,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßcharacterized in that
d) - im Querschnitt des inneren Brennerendabschnit- tes (la) betrachtet - wenigstens ein äußerer ringförmiger Zuführkanal im wesentlichen als Brennstoff-Zuführkanal (13) ausgeführt und der mit den Einzeldüsen (16) versehene Verbrennungs- gas-Zuführkanal (14) radial innerhalb diesesd) - viewed in cross section of the inner burner end section (la) - at least one outer annular feed channel essentially designed as a fuel feed channel (13) and the combustion gas feed channel (14) provided with the individual nozzles (16) radially inside the latter
Brennstoff-Zuführkanales (13) angeordnet ist.Fuel supply channel (13) is arranged.
2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennstoff-Zuführkanal (13) an seinem in den Ofenbrennraum (7) weisenden Stirnende etwa in Form einer frei ausmündenden Ringdüse (13a) ausgebildet ist.2. Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel supply channel (13) at its in the The front end of the furnace combustion chamber (7) is approximately in the form of a freely opening ring nozzle (13a).
3. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verbrennungsgas-Zuführkanal (14) im wesentlichen für die Zufuhr von Pri ärverbrennungsluft (Primärluft 9) und/oder wahlweise für die Zufuhr von Brenngas oder ein Primärluft-Brenngas-Gemisch vorge- sehen ist.3. Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion gas supply channel (14) is essentially provided for the supply of primary combustion air (primary air 9) and / or optionally for the supply of fuel gas or a primary air / fuel gas mixture .
4. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ringförmig verteilt angeordneten Einzeldüsen (16) in einer am Stirnende (14c) des Verbrennungs- gas-Zuführkanales (14) angebrachten, ringförmigen4. Burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the annularly distributed individual nozzles (16) in an at the front end (14c) of the combustion gas supply channel (14) attached, annular
Stirnwand (17) gehaltert sind.End wall (17) are supported.
5. Brenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzeldüsen (16) hinsichtlich ihrer Ausström- richtung (9a) parallel zur Ausströmrichtung (8) des sie außen umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanales (13) ausgerichtet sind.5. Burner according to claim 4, characterized in that the individual nozzles (16) are aligned with respect to their outflow direction (9a) parallel to the outflow direction (8) of the fuel supply channel (13) surrounding them.
6. Brenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzeldüsen (16) hinsichtlich ihrer Ausströmrichtung in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Ausströmrichtung des sie umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanales (13) ausgerichtet sind.6. Burner according to claim 4, characterized in that the individual nozzles (16) are aligned with respect to their outflow direction at a certain angle to the outflow direction of the surrounding fuel supply channel (13).
7. Brenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzeldüsen (16) hinsichtlich ihrer Ausströmrichtung in einem bestimmten Winkel zur Ausströmrichtung des sie umgebenden Brennstoff-Zuführkanales (13) einstellbar sind. 7. Burner according to claim 4, characterized in that the individual nozzles (16) are adjustable with respect to their outflow direction at a certain angle to the outflow direction of the fuel supply channel (13) surrounding them.
EP00927151A 1999-06-07 2000-05-05 Tubular burner for industrial furnaces Expired - Lifetime EP1183482B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19925875 1999-06-07
DE19925875A DE19925875A1 (en) 1999-06-07 1999-06-07 Tubular burner for industrial furnaces
PCT/EP2000/004060 WO2000075565A1 (en) 1999-06-07 2000-05-05 Tubular burner for industrial furnaces

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EP1183482A1 true EP1183482A1 (en) 2002-03-06
EP1183482B1 EP1183482B1 (en) 2006-11-22

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US (1) US6638058B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1183482B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE346262T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4562400A (en)
BR (1) BR0011354A (en)
DE (2) DE19925875A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1183482T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2272278T3 (en)
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WO (1) WO2000075565A1 (en)

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DE19925875A1 (en) 2000-12-14
ATE346262T1 (en) 2006-12-15
ES2272278T3 (en) 2007-05-01
AU4562400A (en) 2000-12-28
US6638058B1 (en) 2003-10-28
EP1183482B1 (en) 2006-11-22
DE50013780D1 (en) 2007-01-04
DK1183482T3 (en) 2007-03-19
MXPA01012596A (en) 2002-04-10
WO2000075565A1 (en) 2000-12-14
BR0011354A (en) 2002-03-19

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