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EP1177565A1 - Electromagnetic relay and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Electromagnetic relay and method for the production thereof

Info

Publication number
EP1177565A1
EP1177565A1 EP00936710A EP00936710A EP1177565A1 EP 1177565 A1 EP1177565 A1 EP 1177565A1 EP 00936710 A EP00936710 A EP 00936710A EP 00936710 A EP00936710 A EP 00936710A EP 1177565 A1 EP1177565 A1 EP 1177565A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
relay according
relay
plastic
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00936710A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1177565B1 (en
Inventor
Josef Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Logistics AG filed Critical Tyco Electronics Logistics AG
Publication of EP1177565A1 publication Critical patent/EP1177565A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1177565B1 publication Critical patent/EP1177565B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H49/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of relays or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/029—Composite material comprising conducting material dispersed in an elastic support or binding material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04—Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/14—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H2050/166—Magnetic circuit arrangements wherein the magnetic circuit parts are molded in a magnetic plastic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/44—Magnetic coils or windings
    • H01H2050/446—Details of the insulating support of the coil, e.g. spool, bobbin, former

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay that can be used universally, and a method for its production.
  • Relays are usually composed of individual parts made of different materials. Soft magnetic iron is used for the parts of the magnetic circuit and copper-containing, electrically conductive materials for parts of the load and excitation circuit. There are also plastic parts that serve as insulating parts or as support parts. For the manufacture of such a relay, many manufacturing, assembly and connection steps are required, which require a high investment in the manufacturing resources and cause high manufacturing costs.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a relay that manages with a few individual parts, a few different materials and a few manufacturing steps. According to the invention, this is solved by a relay with: a coil former made of an insulating plastic, a core arrangement, an armature,
  • One method according to the invention for producing a relay is that the following manufacturing steps are carried out:
  • Adding a core arrangement and an armature adding at least one fixed contact, a movable contact and connecting elements, the elements added in the second and third production steps being applied to the molded part produced in each case in the previous step and, in addition to the coil former, at least one further one being electrical and / or magnetically conductive parts made of plastic.
  • the armature, the contacts and the connection elements are also made of plastic, a ferromagnetic material also being added for the armature, and an electrically conductive material for the contacts and for the connection elements.
  • a polymer is used as the plastic, for the added materials a powder, namely an iron powder, in order to obtain ferro-magnetic properties, and for example a silver powder, in order to obtain electrically conductive properties.
  • connection elements which is coated with a metal layer.
  • a plastic with electrically conductive properties it proves advantageous if O 00/6896
  • connections are coated with metallic layers, which are produced, for example, in a galvanic process, because this improves the solderability and connectivity of the connections.
  • This method can also be used for an advantageous metallic coating of the contact areas of the load circuit.
  • the manufacture of a relay according to the invention is particularly simple if a multi-component injection molding process is selected as the shaping process.
  • a further advantage is obtained when the armature or an armature carrier is connected to the coil body by means of a film-hinge-like spring element, because this eliminates the need for an armature return spring. This is also advantageous because the armature assembly can be folded over during the manufacture of the relay after winding a coil and can be latched with lugs on the load circuit connection elements.
  • the switching path of the relay is connected in parallel with a power semiconductor which extinguishes the arc when an inductive load is switched off, while in the closed state the main current path runs over the low-resistance contacts of the relay.
  • Figure 1A to 1D an inventive relay in different manufacturing phases in a perspective
  • Figure 2 shows the relay body of Figure 1A in one
  • Figure 3 shows the relay of Figure 1D in a longitudinal section
  • Figure 4 shows another embodiment of a relay according to the invention in a perspective view.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1D show the manufacture of a relay according to the invention, in that the relay is shown in different phases of manufacture.
  • a coil former 1 is injection molded from an insulating plastic and has a first and a second coil former flange 2 and 3.
  • An armature support 5 is molded onto the first coil former flange 2. This extends in an extension of the first coil former flange 2.
  • the plastic in a second manufacturing step, the result of which is shown in FIG. IB, is filled with a ferromagnetic powder.
  • the space enclosed by the coil former 1 is sprayed out with this material, so that a core 6 results.
  • yoke legs 7 and an armature 14, which form a core arrangement are injection molded with this material with the core 6.
  • the electrically conductive parts are molded. These consist of a plastic filled with an electrically conductive powder. This manufacturing step also takes place in the injection molding process.
  • the load circuit connections 8 and the coil connections 9 are formed. In each case a section of the load circuit connections 8 forms a fixed contact 15. splashes.
  • the current-carrying plastics can be chemically or galvanically coated with a metal layer on the surface.
  • a coil 11 is wound on the coil former 1 and the winding ends are connected to winding connection pins 13 of the coil connections 9.
  • the armature support 5 with the armature 14 and the contact bridge 10 is folded down by approximately 90 ° and locked with two edges at its free end on two locking lugs 12 which are formed on the load circuit connections 8.
  • movement of the armature 14 is restricted in two directions, on the one hand by the locking lugs 12 and on the other hand by the two fixed contacts 15 formed on the load circuit connections 8.
  • the locking lugs 12 are attached in such a way that the armature 14 still has sufficient scope for the armature movement during the switching process.
  • the contact bridge 10 has the shape of a U, the two end legs of the U lying on the arms 17 of the anchor carrier 5 and the cross leg connecting these two arms to one another.
  • FIG. 2 shows a relay according to the invention in a longitudinal section after the first production step, and can be clearly seen in FIG. 3, which shows the fully assembled relay in longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 4 A further development of a relay according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
  • an additional power transistor 18 is arranged on the second coil former flange 3 and injected for switching larger loads. It takes over the current flow of the load circuit during the opening or closing process of the relay and is connected in parallel to the switching path via the contact bridge 10.
  • the power transistor 18, which can be designed, for example, as a field effect transistor, takes over the switching of the load and the contact bridge 10 takes over the low-resistance carrying of the load current in the switched-on state. This avoids damage to the contact surfaces at high switching currents, while this does not pose any danger at low switching currents.
  • the heat dissipation of the power transistor 18 is advantageously carried out by directly coupling the transistor to the surface of the coil former flange 3 and the yoke leg 7.
  • the core arrangement 6 consists of a metal part or contact parts made of metal are injected.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)
  • General Factory Administration (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The relay and the method for producing said relay are characterized by their simplicity in terms of production. Instead of using different materials for the coil body, the core device and the elements of the load circuit, the ferromagnetic or electrically conductive metals are replaced at least in part by plastic materials to which ferromagnetic or electrically conductive properties are added. In one embodiment, the whole relay consists of plastic parts except for the winding, which have been produced in a multicomponent injection molding process.

Description

BeschreioungDescription
Elektromagnetisches Relais und Verfahren zu dessen HerstellungElectromagnetic relay and process for its manufacture
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektromagnetisches Relais, das universell einsetzbar ist, und ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The invention relates to an electromagnetic relay that can be used universally, and a method for its production.
Relais sind üblicherweise aus Einzelteilen aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen zusammengesetzt. So wird weichmagnetisches Eisen für die Teile des Magnetkreises und kupferhaltige, elektrisch leitfahige Werkstoffe für Teile αes Last- und Erregerkreises verwendet. Hinzu kommen Kunststoffteile, die als Isolierteile oder als Tragerteile dienen. Für die Herstellung eines solchen Relais sind viele Fertigungs-, Montage- und Verbindungsschritte vonnöten, die eine hohe Investition m die Fertigungsmittel erfordern und hohe Herstellungskosten verursachen.Relays are usually composed of individual parts made of different materials. Soft magnetic iron is used for the parts of the magnetic circuit and copper-containing, electrically conductive materials for parts of the load and excitation circuit. There are also plastic parts that serve as insulating parts or as support parts. For the manufacture of such a relay, many manufacturing, assembly and connection steps are required, which require a high investment in the manufacturing resources and cause high manufacturing costs.
Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Relais zu schaffen, das mit wenigen Einzelteilen, wenigen verschiedenen Werkstoffen und wenigen Fertigungsschritten auskommt. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch ein Relais gelost mit: - einem Spulenkorper aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff, einer Kernanordnung, einem Anker,The aim of the present invention is therefore to provide a relay that manages with a few individual parts, a few different materials and a few manufacturing steps. According to the invention, this is solved by a relay with: a coil former made of an insulating plastic, a core arrangement, an armature,
- mindestens einem Festkontakt und einem mit dem Anker gekoppelten beweglichen Kontakt, - einer Spulenwicklung und- At least one fixed contact and a movable contact coupled to the armature, - A coil winding and
- Anschlußelementen für die Spule und den Lastkreis mit dem mindestens einen Festkontakt und dem beweglichen Kontakt, wobei neben dem Spulenkörper mindestens ein weiteres der elektrisch und/oder magnetisch leitenden Teile, außer der Spulenwicklung, ebenfalls aus Kunststoff besteht. 2 Ein solches Relais ist vorteilhaft, weil neben dem Spulenkörper auch die Kernanordnung aus Kunststoff hergestellt ist und die gewünschten Eigenschaften durch die Zusetzung eines ferromagnetischen Anteils erreicht werden.- Connection elements for the coil and the load circuit with the at least one fixed contact and the movable contact, wherein in addition to the coil body at least one other of the electrically and / or magnetically conductive parts, except for the coil winding, also consists of plastic. 2 Such a relay is advantageous because, in addition to the coil former, the core arrangement is also made of plastic and the desired properties are achieved by adding a ferromagnetic component.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Relais besteht darin, daß die folgenden Fertigungsschritte durchgeführt werden:One method according to the invention for producing a relay is that the following manufacturing steps are carried out:
Formen eines Spulenkörpers aus einem isolierenden Kunst- stoff,Forming a coil former from an insulating plastic,
Hinzufügen einer Kernanordnung und eines Ankers, Hinzufügen von mindestens einem Festkontakt, einem beweglichen Kontakt und von Anschlußelementen, wobei die im zweiten und dritten Fertigungsschritt hinzuge- fügten Elemente auf das jeweils im vorhergehenden Schritt entstandene Formteil aufgebracht werden und neben dem Spulenkörper mindestens ein weiteres der elektrisch und/oder magnetisch leitenden Teile aus Kunststoff geformt wird.Adding a core arrangement and an armature, adding at least one fixed contact, a movable contact and connecting elements, the elements added in the second and third production steps being applied to the molded part produced in each case in the previous step and, in addition to the coil former, at least one further one being electrical and / or magnetically conductive parts made of plastic.
In weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungen sind neben der Kernanordnung auch der Anker, die Kontakte und die Anschlußelemente aus Kunststoff hergestellt, wobei für den Anker ebenfalls ein ferromagnetisches Material zugesetzt wird, für die Kontakte und für die Anschlußelemente ein elektrisch leitfähiges Mate- rial.In further advantageous embodiments, in addition to the core arrangement, the armature, the contacts and the connection elements are also made of plastic, a ferromagnetic material also being added for the armature, and an electrically conductive material for the contacts and for the connection elements.
In einer günstigen Variante wird als Kunststoff ein Polymer verwendet, für die zugesetzten Materialien ein Pulver, nämlich ein Eisenpulver, um ferro agnetische Eigenschaften zu erhalten, und beispielsweise ein Silberpulver, um elektrisch leitfähige Eigenschaften zu erhalten.In a favorable variant, a polymer is used as the plastic, for the added materials a powder, namely an iron powder, in order to obtain ferro-magnetic properties, and for example a silver powder, in order to obtain electrically conductive properties.
Besonders niedrige Herstellungskosten sind erreichbar, wenn für die Anschlußelemente ein nicht oder schwach leitender Kunststoff verwendet wird, der mit einer Metallschicht überzogen ist. Bei Verwendung eines Kunststoffes mit elektrisch leitfähigen Eigenschaften erweist es sich vorteilhaft, wenn O 00/6896Particularly low manufacturing costs can be achieved if a non-conductive or weakly conductive plastic is used for the connection elements, which is coated with a metal layer. When using a plastic with electrically conductive properties, it proves advantageous if O 00/6896
3 die Anschlüsse mit metallischen Schichten überzogen sind, die beispielsweise in einem galvanischen Verfahren hergestellt sind, denn dadurch verbessert sich die Löt- und Verbindungsfähigkeit der Anschlüsse. Dieses Verfahren kann auch für ei- nen vorteilhaften metallischen Überzug der Kontaktbereiche des Lastkreises angewandt werden.3 the connections are coated with metallic layers, which are produced, for example, in a galvanic process, because this improves the solderability and connectivity of the connections. This method can also be used for an advantageous metallic coating of the contact areas of the load circuit.
Die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais ist besonders einfach, wenn als formgebendes Verfahren ein Mehrkomponenten- Spritzgießverfahren gewählt wird.The manufacture of a relay according to the invention is particularly simple if a multi-component injection molding process is selected as the shaping process.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn der Anker beziehungsweise ein Ankerträger über ein filmscharnierartiges Federelement mit dem Spulenkörper verbunden ist, denn dadurch wird eine Ankerrückstellfeder überflüssig. Dies ist auch deshalb vorteilhaft, weil so die Ankerbaugruppe bei der Herstellung des Relais nach dem Wickeln einer Spule umgeklappt und mit Nasen an den Lastkreisanschlußelementen verrastet werden kann.A further advantage is obtained when the armature or an armature carrier is connected to the coil body by means of a film-hinge-like spring element, because this eliminates the need for an armature return spring. This is also advantageous because the armature assembly can be folded over during the manufacture of the relay after winding a coil and can be latched with lugs on the load circuit connection elements.
Zur Verbesserung des Schaltverhaltens ergibt sich eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung, wenn der Schaltstrecke des Relais ein Leistungshalbleiter parallel geschaltet ist, der beim Ausschalten einer induktiven Last den Lichtbogen löscht, wäh- rend im geschlossenen Zustand der Hauptstrompfad über die niederohmigen Kontakte des Relais läuft.To improve the switching behavior, there is an advantageous embodiment if the switching path of the relay is connected in parallel with a power semiconductor which extinguishes the arc when an inductive load is switched off, while in the closed state the main current path runs over the low-resistance contacts of the relay.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further details and refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Figur 1A bis 1D ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais in verschiedenen Herstellungsphasen in einer perspektivischenFigure 1A to 1D an inventive relay in different manufacturing phases in a perspective
Ansicht, O 00/68963View, O 00/68963
4 Figur 2 den Relaisgrundkörper von Figur 1A in einem4 Figure 2 shows the relay body of Figure 1A in one
Längsschnitt, Figur 3 das Relais von Figur 1D in einem Längsschnitt und Figur 4 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.Longitudinal section, Figure 3 shows the relay of Figure 1D in a longitudinal section and Figure 4 shows another embodiment of a relay according to the invention in a perspective view.
In den Figuren 1A bis 1D ist die Herstellung eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Relais dargestellt, indem das Relais in verschiedenen Phasen der Herstellung gezeigt ist.FIGS. 1A to 1D show the manufacture of a relay according to the invention, in that the relay is shown in different phases of manufacture.
In einem ersten Fertigungsschritt wird aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff ein Spulenkörper 1 gespritzt, der einen ersten und einen zweiten Spulenkörperflansch 2 und 3 aufweist. An dem ersten Spulenkörperflansch 2 ist ein Ankerträger 5 angeformt. Dieser erstreckt sich in einer Verlängerung des ersten Spu- lenkörperflansches 2.In a first manufacturing step, a coil former 1 is injection molded from an insulating plastic and has a first and a second coil former flange 2 and 3. An armature support 5 is molded onto the first coil former flange 2. This extends in an extension of the first coil former flange 2.
In einem zweiten Fertigungsschritt, dessen Ergebnis Figur IB zeigt, ist der Kunststoff, wie er auch im ersten Fertigungsschritt verwendet wurde, mit einem ferromagnetischen Pulver gefüllt. Mit diesem Material wird der von dem Spulenkörper 1 umschlossene Raum ausgespritzt, so daß sich ein Kern 6 er- gibt. Außerdem sind mit diesem Werkstoff mit dem Kern 6 eine Kernanordnung bildende Jochschenkel 7 und ein Anker 14 angespritzt.In a second manufacturing step, the result of which is shown in FIG. IB, the plastic, as was also used in the first manufacturing step, is filled with a ferromagnetic powder. The space enclosed by the coil former 1 is sprayed out with this material, so that a core 6 results. In addition, yoke legs 7 and an armature 14, which form a core arrangement, are injection molded with this material with the core 6.
In einem dritten Fertigungsschritt, dargestellt in Figur IC, werden die elektrisch leitfähigen Teile angeformt. Diese bestehen aus einem mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Pulver gefüllten Kunststoff. Auch dieser Herstellungsschritt erfolgt im Spritzgießverfahren. Es entstehen die Lastkreisanschlüsse 8 sowie die Spulenanschlüsse 9. Jeweils ein Abschnitt der Lastkreisanschlüsse 8 bildet einen Festkontakt 15. Außerdem ist im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine Kontaktbrücke 10 an den Anker 14 beziehungsweise den Ankerträger 5 ange- spritzt. Zur Verbesserung der Leitfähigkeit können die stromführenden Kunststoffe an der Oberfläche chemisch oder galvanisch mit einer Metallschicht beschichtet sein.In a third manufacturing step, shown in Figure IC, the electrically conductive parts are molded. These consist of a plastic filled with an electrically conductive powder. This manufacturing step also takes place in the injection molding process. The load circuit connections 8 and the coil connections 9 are formed. In each case a section of the load circuit connections 8 forms a fixed contact 15. splashes. To improve the conductivity, the current-carrying plastics can be chemically or galvanically coated with a metal layer on the surface.
In einem vierten Herstellungsschritt wird eine Spule 11 auf den Spulenkörper 1 gewickelt und die Wicklungsenden mit Wicklungsanschlußstiften 13 der Spulenanschlüsse 9 verbunden. Nun wird der Ankerträger 5 mit dem Anker 14 und der Kontaktbrücke 10 um ca. 90° umgeklappt und mit zwei Kanten an seinem freien Ende an zwei Rastnasen 12, die an den Lastkreisanschlüssen 8 angeformt sind, verrastet. So ist Bewegung des Ankers 14 in zwei Richtungen eingeschränkt, einerseits durch die Rastnasen 12 und andererseits durch die beiden an die Lastkreisanschlüsse 8 angeformten Festkontakte 15. Die Rastnasen 12 sind so angebracht, daß dem Anker 14 noch genügend Spielraum für die Ankerbewegung beim Schaltvorgang bleibt. Durch das Umklappen um 90° des Ankerträgers 5 bringt ein Federelement 4, durch das der erste Spulenkörperflansch 2 und der Ankerträger 5 verbunden sind, eine Rückstellkraft auf, die den Anker 14 in eine geöffnete Position vorspannt.In a fourth manufacturing step, a coil 11 is wound on the coil former 1 and the winding ends are connected to winding connection pins 13 of the coil connections 9. Now the armature support 5 with the armature 14 and the contact bridge 10 is folded down by approximately 90 ° and locked with two edges at its free end on two locking lugs 12 which are formed on the load circuit connections 8. Thus, movement of the armature 14 is restricted in two directions, on the one hand by the locking lugs 12 and on the other hand by the two fixed contacts 15 formed on the load circuit connections 8. The locking lugs 12 are attached in such a way that the armature 14 still has sufficient scope for the armature movement during the switching process. By folding the armature carrier 5 through 90 °, a spring element 4, by means of which the first coil former flange 2 and the armature carrier 5 are connected, exerts a restoring force which prestresses the armature 14 in an open position.
Um einen sicheren Kontakt zwischen der Kontaktbrücke 10 und den Festkontakten 15 zu gewährleisten, müssen Fertigungstoleranzen, die sich sowohl auf die Festkontakte 15 wie auch auf die Kontaktbrücke 10 auswirken, ausgeglichen werden. Dazu sind in dem Ankerträger 5 Längsschlitze 16 vorgesehen. Hierdurch ergeben sich auf dem Ankerträger 5 zwei Arme 17, die durch die Längsschlitze 16 von einem mittleren Bereich des Ankerträgers 5 und dem Anker 14 getrennt sind. Die Kontakt- brücke 10 hat die Form eines U, wobei die zwei Endschenkel des U auf den Armen 17 des Ankerträgers 5 liegen und der Querschenkel diese beiden Arme miteinander verbindet.To ensure reliable contact between the contact bridge 10 and the fixed contacts 15, manufacturing tolerances which affect both the fixed contacts 15 and the contact bridge 10 must be compensated for. For this purpose, 5 longitudinal slots 16 are provided in the anchor bracket. This results in two arms 17 on the armature support 5, which are separated by the longitudinal slots 16 from a central region of the armature support 5 and the armature 14. The contact bridge 10 has the shape of a U, the two end legs of the U lying on the arms 17 of the anchor carrier 5 and the cross leg connecting these two arms to one another.
Das die Rückstellkra t aufbringende Federelement 4 und dessen Wirkprinzip ist in der Figur 2, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Relais nach dem ersten Fertigungsschritt im Längsschnitt zeigt, und in der Figur 3, die das fertig montierte Relais im Längsschnitt zeigt, gut zu erkennen.The spring element 4 which applies the restoring force and its operating principle is shown in FIG. 2, which shows a relay according to the invention in a longitudinal section after the first production step, and can be clearly seen in FIG. 3, which shows the fully assembled relay in longitudinal section.
Bei Erregung der Spule 11 wird der Anker 14 von den Jochschenkeln 7 angezogen und bewegt sich in eine geschlossenen Position. In dieser Position wird durch die Kontaktbrücke 10 eine Verbindung zwischen den beiden Lastkreisanschlüssen 8 hergestellt.When the coil 11 is excited, the armature 14 is attracted by the yoke legs 7 and moves into a closed position. In this position, a connection between the two load circuit connections 8 is established by the contact bridge 10.
Eine Weiterbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Relais zeigt Figur 4. Bei diesem Relais ist zum Schalten größerer Lasten ein zusätzlicher Leistungstransistor 18 an dem zweiten Spulenkörperflansch 3 angeordnet und eingespritzt. Er übernimmt die Stromführung des Lastkreises während des Öffnungs- bzw. des Schließvorganges des Relais und ist parallel zu der Schalt- strecke über die Kontaktbrücke 10 geschaltet. Der Leistungstransistor 18, der beispielsweise als Feldeffekttransistor ausgeführt sein kann, übernimmt das Schalten der Last und die Kontaktbrücke 10 das niederohmige Führen des Last- stromes im durchgeschalteten Zustand. Dadurch wird vermieden, daß bei hohen Schaltströmen der Schaltlichtbogen die Kontaktoberflächen beschädigt, während dies bei kleinen Schaltströmen keine Gefahr darstellt.A further development of a relay according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4. In this relay, an additional power transistor 18 is arranged on the second coil former flange 3 and injected for switching larger loads. It takes over the current flow of the load circuit during the opening or closing process of the relay and is connected in parallel to the switching path via the contact bridge 10. The power transistor 18, which can be designed, for example, as a field effect transistor, takes over the switching of the load and the contact bridge 10 takes over the low-resistance carrying of the load current in the switched-on state. This avoids damage to the contact surfaces at high switching currents, while this does not pose any danger at low switching currents.
In dieser Ausführungsform erfolgt die Wärmeableitung des Lei- stungstransistors 18 vorteilhaft durch eine direkte Ankoppe- lung des Transistors an die Fläche des Spulenkörperflansches 3 und des Jochschenkels 7.In this embodiment, the heat dissipation of the power transistor 18 is advantageously carried out by directly coupling the transistor to the surface of the coil former flange 3 and the yoke leg 7.
Die Erfindung ist auch dann verwirklicht, wenn nur teilweise Teile aus Kunststoff sind, zum Beispiel zur Verbesserung des Magnetflusses die Kernanordnung 6 aus einem Metallteil besteht oder Kontaktteile aus Metall eingespritzt sind. The invention is also implemented when parts are only partially made of plastic, for example to improve the magnetic flux, the core arrangement 6 consists of a metal part or contact parts made of metal are injected.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Relais mit einem Spulenkörper (1) aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff, - einer Kernanordnung (6, 7), einem Anker (14), mindestens einem Festkontakt (15) und einen mit dem Anker (14) gekoppelten beweglichen Kontakt (10), einer Spulenwicklung (11) und - Anschlußelementen (9, 8) für die Spule (11) und den Lastkreis mit dem mindestens einen Festkontakt (15) und dem beweglichen Kontakt (10) ,1. relay with a coil former (1) made of an insulating plastic, - a core arrangement (6, 7), an armature (14), at least one fixed contact (15) and a movable contact (10) coupled to the armature (14), a coil winding (11) and connecting elements (9, 8) for the coil (11) and the load circuit with the at least one fixed contact (15) and the movable contact (10),
wobei neben dem Spulenkörper mindestens ein weiteres der elektrisch und/oder magnetisch leitenden Teile, außer der Spulenwicklung, ebenfalls aus Kunststoff besteht.wherein in addition to the coil body at least one other of the electrically and / or magnetically conductive parts, except for the coil winding, also consists of plastic.
2. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kernanordnung (6, 7) aus einem einen ferromagnetischen Anteil enthaltenden Kunststoff besteht.2. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the core arrangement (6, 7) consists of a plastic containing a ferromagnetic component.
3. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Anker (14) aus einem einen ferromagnetischen Anteil enthaltenden Kunststoff besteht.3. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the armature (14) consists of a plastic containing a ferromagnetic component.
4. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Kontakte (10, 15) aus einem einen elektrisch leitfähigen Anteil enthaltenden Kunststoff bestehen.4. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the contacts (10, 15) consist of a plastic containing an electrically conductive portion.
5. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußelemente (8, 9) aus einem einen elektrisch leitfähigen Anteil enthaltenden Kunststoff bestehen. 5. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection elements (8, 9) consist of a plastic containing an electrically conductive portion.
6. Relais nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der verwendete Kunststoff ein Polymer ist.6. Relay according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plastic used is a polymer.
7. Relais nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlußelemente (8, 9) sowie die Kontakte (10, 15) zumindest teilweise mit einer Metallschicht überzogen sind.7. Relay according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connection elements (8, 9) and the contacts (10, 15) are at least partially coated with a metal layer.
8. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein Ankerträger (5) durch ein filmscharnierartiges Federelement (4) mit dem Spulenkörper (1) verbunden ist, wodurch der durch den Ankerträger (5) gehaltene Anker (14) in eine geöffnete Position vorgespannt ist.8. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that an armature carrier (5) by a film hinge-like spring element (4) with the coil body (1) is connected, whereby the armature (14) held by the armature carrier (5) is pretensioned in an open position is.
9. Relais nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß an die Lastkreisanschlüsse (8) Rastnasen (12) angeformt sind, die mit einer Ankerbaugruppe, bestehend aus dem Ankerträger (5), dem Anker (14) und dem beweglichen Kontakt (10), ineinandergreifende Rastelemεnte bilden.9. Relay according to claim 8, characterized in that on the load circuit connections (8) locking lugs (12) are formed, which with an armature assembly consisting of the armature support (5), the armature (14) and the movable contact (10), form interlocking locking elements.
10. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der bewegliche Kontakt (10) eine Kontaktbrücke ist, die mit zwei Festkontakten (15) zusammenwirkt.10. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable contact (10) is a contact bridge which cooperates with two fixed contacts (15).
11. Relais nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Ankerbaugruppe, bestehend aus einem Ankerträger (5), dem Anker (14) und der Kontaktbrücke (10), in der Nähe eines freien Ankerendes zwei Längsschlitze (16) auf- weist, wobei die Kontaktbrücke (10) so angeformt ist, daß zwei Arme (19) der Kontaktbrücke (10) auf jeweils außen liegenden Abschnitten (17) der Ankerbaugruppe liegen und durch die Längsschlitze (16) von dem mittleren Abschnitt getrennt sind.11. Relay according to claim 10, characterized in that an armature assembly, consisting of an armature support (5), the armature (14) and the contact bridge (10), has two longitudinal slots (16) in the vicinity of a free armature end, wherein the contact bridge (10) is formed in such a way that two arms (19) of the contact bridge (10) lie on sections (17) of the armature assembly which are respectively on the outside and are separated from the central section by the longitudinal slots (16).
12. Relais nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Leistungshalbleiter (18) parallel zu der Schaltstrecke des Relais geschaltet ist.12. Relay according to claim 1, characterized in that a power semiconductor (18) is connected in parallel to the switching path of the relay.
13. Relais nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leistungshalbleiter (18) mechanisch unmittelbar mit dem Relais verbunden ist.13. Relay according to claim 11, characterized in that the power semiconductor (18) is mechanically connected directly to the relay.
14. Relais nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leistungshalbleiter (18) ein Feldeffekttransistor ist.14. Relay according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the power semiconductor (18) is a field effect transistor.
15. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Relais nach einem der An- sprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die folgenden Fertigungsschritte ausgeführt werden:15. A method for producing a relay according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the following manufacturing steps are carried out:
Formen eines Spulenkörpers (1) aus einem isolierenden Kunststoff, - Hinzufügen einer Kernanordnung (6, 7) und eines Ankers (14),Forming a coil former (1) from an insulating plastic, - adding a core arrangement (6, 7) and an armature (14),
Hinzufügen von mindestens einem Festkontakt (15) , einem beweglichen Kontakt (10) und von Anschlußelementen (8, 9),Adding at least one fixed contact (15), one movable contact (10) and connecting elements (8, 9),
wobei die im zweiten und dritten Fertigungsschritt hinzugefügten Elemente auf das jeweils im vorhergehenden Schritt entstandene Formteil aufgebracht werden und neben dem Spulenkörper (1) mindestens ein weiteres der elek- trisch und/oder magnetisch leitenden Teile aus Kunststoff geformt wird. the elements added in the second and third production steps being applied to the molded part produced in each case in the previous step and, in addition to the coil former (1), at least one further of the electrically and / or magnetically conductive parts being molded from plastic.
16 . Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Fertigungsschritte in anderer als der in Anspruch 15 angegebenen Reihenfolge ausgeführt werden.16. The method of claim 15, and the fact that the manufacturing steps are carried out in a different order than that specified in claim 15.
17. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Relais nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach Ausführung der Fertigungsschritte gemäß Anspruch 15 und zumindest dem Wickeln der Spule (11) als weiterem Fertigungsschritt eine Ankerbaugruppe mit einem Ankerträger (5) , dem Anker (14) und dem beweglichen Kontakt (10), die eine annähernd gerade Verlängerung eines Spulenkörperflansches (2) bildet, durch Biegen in eine Position gebracht wird, in der ein freies Ankerende in unmittelbarer Nähe des anderen Spulenkörperflansches (3) zu liegen kommt und dort durch Einrasten gehalten wird.17. A method for producing a relay according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that after execution of the manufacturing steps according to claim 15 and at least the winding of the coil (11) as a further manufacturing step, an armature assembly with an armature carrier (5), the armature (14) and the movable contact (10), which forms an approximately straight extension of a coil former flange (2), is brought by bending into a position in which a free armature end comes to lie in the immediate vicinity of the other coil former flange (3) and is held there by latching becomes.
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei den formgebenden Verfahren zur Herstellung der Kunststoffteile um ein Spritzgießverfahren han- delt.18. The method according to claim 15 to 17, characterized in that it is an injection molding process in the shaping process for producing the plastic parts.
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem weiteren Fertigungsschritt die Anschlußelemente (8, 9) und die Kontakte (10, 15) mit einer Metallschicht überzogen werden. 19. The method according to claim 15 to 18, characterized in that in a further manufacturing step, the connection elements (8, 9) and the contacts (10, 15) are coated with a metal layer.
EP00936710A 1999-05-07 2000-05-04 Electromagnetic relay and method for the production thereof Expired - Lifetime EP1177565B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19921254 1999-05-07
DE19921254A DE19921254A1 (en) 1999-05-07 1999-05-07 Electromagnetic relay and process for its manufacture
PCT/EP2000/003991 WO2000068963A1 (en) 1999-05-07 2000-05-04 Electromagnetic relay and method for the production thereof

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EP1177565A1 true EP1177565A1 (en) 2002-02-06
EP1177565B1 EP1177565B1 (en) 2003-07-09

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DE20100157U1 (en) 2001-01-05 2001-05-17 TRW Automotive Electronics & Components GmbH & Co.KG, 67677 Enkenbach-Alsenborn Vent grille for vehicles
DE102004013608A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-10-27 Siemens Ag tripping relay
EP2034498B1 (en) 2007-09-04 2013-11-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic switching device

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US2528086A (en) * 1946-11-08 1950-10-31 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Relay contacts of conducting rubber
US3784941A (en) * 1972-03-06 1974-01-08 Essex International Inc Relay construction
US4044322A (en) * 1976-07-09 1977-08-23 Essex Group, Inc. Electromagnetic solenoid relay assembly and electrical connection means therefor
JP2781890B2 (en) * 1989-05-02 1998-07-30 オムロン株式会社 Method for manufacturing base of electromagnetic relay

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EP1177565B1 (en) 2003-07-09
WO2000068963A1 (en) 2000-11-16

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