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EP1155271A1 - Plate heat exchanger with an integrated valve - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger with an integrated valve

Info

Publication number
EP1155271A1
EP1155271A1 EP99961168A EP99961168A EP1155271A1 EP 1155271 A1 EP1155271 A1 EP 1155271A1 EP 99961168 A EP99961168 A EP 99961168A EP 99961168 A EP99961168 A EP 99961168A EP 1155271 A1 EP1155271 A1 EP 1155271A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mouth
exchanger
valve
chimney
annex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99961168A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1155271B1 (en
Inventor
Joseph Marie Le Mer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JOSEPH MARIE LE MER
ROCCO GIANNONI
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1155271A1 publication Critical patent/EP1155271A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1155271B1 publication Critical patent/EP1155271B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more specifically a heat exchanger of the type composed of a set of superimposed parallel plates which delimit two heat exchange chambers, one traversed by a primary fluid and the other by a secondary fluid, these two fluids circulating in the form of alternating thin layers, with trajectories nested one inside the other, the entry and exit of each fluid being made by a pair of mouths, called main, formed in a plate of end in the stack, via "wells", or entry and exit chimneys crossing the internal plates and communicating with the interstitial spaces constituting the corresponding enclosure.
  • heat exchanger plates are thin metal plates, thermally good conductor, generally made of stainless steel, which are stamped and assembled by brazing or by a connection by means of bolted flanges, with interposition of rubber seals.
  • the end plates of the stack have generally a thickness greater than the other, because it is they which have mouths - or connections - for connection of the heat exchanger pipes on inlet and outlet of two fluids.
  • Some fittings may be located on the upper plate, and the others on the lower plate; in other embodiments, all of the fittings are located on a single plate, for example the upper plate.
  • the dimensions of the plates and their number are naturally a function of the application concerned and the power sought.
  • the plates have a generally rectangular shape, with rounded corners, dimensions of the order of 20 x 10 cm; the internal plates have a thickness of the order of 0.3 mm, the lower plate a thickness of the order of 0.8 mm and the upper plate of the order of
  • the total number of plates is generally between ten and thirty.
  • two families of plates are provided, which are stacked in an alternating manner, each type of plate having undulations or other stamped reliefs of special configuration, which channel the flow of each fluid in the enclosure which it has to traverse.
  • the arrangement is designed so that the two flows of fluids between which the heat exchange takes place follow a labyrinth trajectory and circulate against the flow of one another, in order to favor this exchange.
  • An exchanger of this kind is described for example in the document
  • EP-A-0 61 1 941 which can be referred to if necessary.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 appended to this patent application are diagrams which illustrate the manner in which such an exchanger is used within a mixed circuit for domestic use of the kind mentioned above. These figures represent an installation in accordance with the state of the art.
  • the circuit I comprises a heating source 1 of l circuit water
  • I it is for example a boiler provided with a gas burner.
  • a suitable pump 15 ensures the circulation of water in this circuit I.
  • the return pipe comprises two pipes 12, 13, separated by a three-way valve 5; line 13 is connected to boiler 1, after passage through pump 15, via line 14.
  • central heating water is the primary fluid; the exchanger 3 is connected in parallel with respect to the radiators 100, the bypass being located upstream of the radiators by the "T" pipe 2, and downstream of these radiators by the three-way valve 5.
  • references 30 and 31 the inlet and outlet mouths of the primary fluid in the exchanger 3, respectively.
  • the "T" tube 2 is connected to the mouth 30 by a pipe 20; the circuit mouth 31 is connected to the three-way valve 5 by a pipe 50.
  • reference 4 On secondary circuit II, reference 4 has designated a source for producing cold water; it can simply be a tap connected to the drinking water network provided in the house receiving this installation.
  • a device for using hot water has been designated by the reference 4 '; it is for example a tap or a shower head intended to supply hot water to the user.
  • the source 4 is connected to the mouth 32 by a cold water supply pipe 40; the mouth 33 is connected to the use device 4 ′ by a hot water distribution pipe 41.
  • the valve 5 is in a position such that the pipes 12-13 are placed in communication, the pipe 50 being, on the other hand, isolated. In this situation, the water supplied by the boiler travels exclusively through circuit I, as symbolized by the arrows F, ensuring the heating of the radiators 100.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a situation in which a drawing of sanitary water is requested, for example by opening a tap provided in the use device 4 '.
  • Hot water does not pass through the radiators 100 since the outlet of the pipe 12 is closed.
  • the hot water passes exclusively through the exchanger 3, as symbolized by the arrows G, returning to the boiler via the pipes 13 -14, and the pump 15.
  • the water in secondary circuit II flows through the secondary enclosure of the exchanger, from inlet 32 to outlet 33, as symbolized by the trajectory line winding TS (secondary trajectory) and arrows H.
  • the heat exchange takes place within the stack of plates, and it is therefore hot water which reaches the use device 4 '.
  • the valve 5 switches back to its initial position allowing the radiators to be supplied.
  • the water leaves boiler 1 at a temperature of the order of 80 ° C and returns to it at a temperature between 40 and 60 ° C, depending on the setting of the radiators.
  • the respective temperatures of the cold water entering the exchanger 3 and the hot water leaving it are - still for information only - of the order of 15 ° C and, respectively, of the order of 45 ° C.
  • the three-way valve 5 is very stressed, since it changes state with each drawing of sanitary water.
  • FIG. 2 of this document makes it possible to understand the aforementioned size problem, the valve occupying a relatively large volume compared to that of the exchanger itself.
  • Document WO-97/00415 discloses a plate heat exchanger, in which a shutter valve is integrated.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 of this document comprises a valve 25, the movable valve of which is adapted to selectively close the upper opening of one of the chimneys passing through the stack of the plate.
  • the present invention aims to integrate into the plate exchanger a three-way valve system by an arrangement of very simple design and structure, which allows, on the one hand, to reduce very significantly the overall cost price of the valve-exchanger assembly, on the other hand significantly reduce their size.
  • Another objective of the invention is to be able, if desired, to maintain the exchanger at a certain temperature by the permanent presence of a certain flow rate of the primary fluid within the exchanger, although there is no have no sanitary drawing.
  • a setting temperature very fast hot water of the secondary circuit is obtained from the start of tilting of the three-way valve.
  • the exchanger comprises a three-way valve for the distribution of the primary fluid, which is integrated into the exchanger, one of the channels of which is constituted by the one of two main mouths through which the primary fluid passes, the other by the opening of the chimney of the primary enclosure adjacent to this mouth, and the third by an annex mouth formed in the same end plate as said main mouth, and disposed near said chimney opening, a channel stamped in this plate making these two mouths communicate, the valve comprising a valve capable of selectively closing either said chimney opening or said annex mouth.
  • the annex mouth is arranged coaxially opposite said chimney opening and the valve consists of a discoid piston movable in translation along the axis common to the mouth annex to the opening;
  • This control means is fixed to the end plate opposite to the end plate in which the main and annex mouths are formed, the piston rod passing coaxially through the chimney;
  • This control means is fixed to the end plate in which the main and annex mouths are formed, the piston rod passing coaxially through a tubular connection mounted in said annex mouth;
  • an annex mouth which is formed in the same end plate as it, and which communicates with it by a channel stamped in the latter;
  • the invention also relates to a mixed domestic hot water distribution installation comprising a primary central heating circuit and a secondary sanitary drawing circuit, this installation being equipped with an exchanger as described above, connected in parallel to the central heating radiators, central heating water, supplied by a boiler, constituting the primary fluid, while sanitary tap water constitutes the secondary fluid
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating the operating principle of a mixed heating circuit, producing instantaneous domestic hot water, as understood in the state of the art;
  • FIG. 3 is a front view, cut by the broken plane III-III of Figure 4;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a left view of Figure 3, cut by the broken plane N-N of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is a left view of Figure 4, cut by the NI-NI plane.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram of an installation equipped with this exchanger, the latter being shown seen from above;
  • Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams similar to that of Figure 7, the heat exchanger there being shown from the side and in section, the installation being illustrated respectively in a state of heating and in a situation of sanitary water bailing hot;
  • FIG. 10 is a side view cut by the broken plane X-X of Figure 11;
  • FIG. 12 is a left view of Figure 10, cut by the broken plane referenced XII-XII in Figure 11;
  • - Figure 13 is a left view of Figure 11, cut by the plane XIII-XIII;
  • - Figures 14, 15 and 16 are views similar, respectively, to those of Figures 7, 8 and 9 above, intended to illustrate the operation of this second embodiment; - Figures 17 to 20, 21 to 24 and 25 to 28 show, respectively, a third, a fourth and a fifth possible embodiment of the exchanger according to the invention, the different views which represent these embodiments having a organization similar to those of FIGS. 3 to 6 (for the first embodiment) and 10 to 13 (for the second embodiment).
  • the two end plates of the stack have been designated by the references 300 and 301, the plate 300 corresponding to the upper plate and the plate 301 to the lower plate.
  • the internal plates of the stack are of two different types, referenced 302, 303.
  • the interstitial spaces constituting the other enclosure, through which the secondary fluid passes, have been designated by the reference e 2 .
  • wells, or chimneys, crossing the plates transversely communicate with these enclosures.
  • Two diagonally opposite chimneys are provided for the inlet and outlet of the primary fluid, which communicate with the interstices e ⁇ ; similarly, two diametrically opposite chimneys are provided, communicating with the interstices e 2 .
  • all of the fluid inlet and outlet mouths are formed in the upper plate 300.
  • mouthpieces are small cylindrical sleeves, with an axis perpendicular to the plates.
  • their external wall is threaded, to allow the connection of the pipes by means of complementary threaded connections, intended to be screwed there tightly. Any other waterproof connection mode is possible, of course.
  • the references CEi and CSi have been designated .
  • CE 2 and CS have designated the inlet and outlet chimneys, respectively, of outlet of the secondary fluid in the interstices e 2 of the stack.
  • the mouth 30 for entering the primary fluid is positioned coaxially opposite the chimney CEi, in a corner of the exchanger.
  • the inlet ports 32 and outlet 33 of the secondary fluid are arranged coaxially opposite the chimneys CE 2 and CS respectively, in the angles adjacent to the angle which has just been mentioned.
  • the chimney CS] at the outlet of the primary fluid, is located in the fourth angle, that is to say in the corner diagonally opposite to the chimney C ⁇ ⁇ .
  • a mouth called annex 60 Coaxially, opposite this chimney CSi, is a mouth called annex 60, also formed in the upper plate 300.
  • the mouth 61 is offset with respect to the mouth 60 towards the central zone of the exchanger, parallel to its longitudinal edge (long side). An oblique orientation could be provided, depending on the desired positioning of the mouthpiece 61.
  • the two mouths 60 and 61 communicate with each other by a channel 6 formed by stamping in the upper plate 300; this channel has an approximately semi-cylindrical section; it forms a recess in the upper plate 300 which delimits with the underlying flat plate 303 (against which this upper plate is applied and fixed) a passage 600.
  • Channel 6 extends parallel to the long sides of the plates.
  • the set of mouths 30, 32, 33, 60 and 61 are cylindrical tubular sleeves, of the same diameter; unlike the other mouths, the mouth 60 is internally threaded, and receives a threaded tubular connection 8, screwed into this mouth 60. Any other sealed connection mode is possible, of course.
  • a sleeve 63 Coaxial with the mouth 60, but on the opposite side of the stack, that is to say in the lower plate 301, is formed a sleeve 63 similar to the sleeve 60, also tapped on its internal wall.
  • valve body 7 In this sleeve 63 is fixed by screwing a valve body 7.
  • This valve comprises a piston rod 70 axially movable, in the axis common to the sleeve 63, to the chimney CS t , to the mouth 60 and to the tubular body 8
  • the rod 70 crosses the chimney CSi, and its free upper end is provided with a shutter disc, or valve, 71.
  • the disc 71 comes to bear against the planar annular base 80 of the connector 8 thus closing the base of this connector, or on the contrary, is applied against the edge of the upper opening 62 of the chimney CSi (valve disc referenced 71 ') closing said opening.
  • the diameter of the disc 71 is chosen to be slightly greater than the openings of the connector 8 and of the chimney CSi, while the mouth 60 has an internal diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the disc 71, in order to allow its introduction into the exchanger.
  • the means for translational control of the rod 70 are known means, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically controlled.
  • It may in particular be an electromagnet or a linear actuator such as those used for controlling automobile carburetor valves, for example, or a membrane device controlled by the pressure difference existing on the circuit. sanitary during a drawing.
  • the rod 70 is guided in leaktight manner in the end plate of the exchanger, for example by means of suitable O-rings.
  • the discoid valve 71 is made of flexible and elastic material, such as an elastomeric synthetic material, capable of being applied in a sealed manner by each of its two opposite faces against the seat of the connector 8 or against the edge of the opening of the CSi chimney, while resisting the temperature differences encountered during operation.
  • valve and its control device are for example of the same general type as the three-way valve which is the subject of document FR-A-2 719 101.
  • the rod 70 could extend beyond the obturator disc 71, inside the tubular connection 8, to be guided therein in translation by a ring integral with this connection, the mounting of the ring in the central part of this connection being made by radial mounting arms not obstructing the flow of the primary fluid inside the connection 8.
  • the pipes equipping the two circuits I and II have been assigned the same reference numbers as in FIGS. 1 and 2 relating to the state of the art. It can be seen that the pipe 20 coming from the "T" pipe 2 is connected to the mouth 30, while the return pipe to the boiler 13 is connected to the mouth 61.
  • the piping 12 located downstream of the radiators 100 is connected to the fitting 8 and the mouthpiece 60.
  • FIG. 8 shows a situation in which the radiators 100 are supplied.
  • the shutter valve 71 is in its low position, closing the chimney outlet 62.
  • the outlet of the primary enclosure constituted by the interstitial spaces ej; is therefore blocked, so that the primary fluid from the boiler cannot pass through the exchanger.
  • All of the hot water supplied by the boiler 1 passes through the radiators 100, arrives in the exchanger via the pipe 12 and the connector 8, crosses the space 600 of the channel 6, and is evacuated therefrom through the mouth 61. through the pipes 13, 14, under the suction of the pump 15.
  • valve 7 When there is sanitary drawing, the valve 7 automatically switches over, by raising the rod 70, symbolized by the arrow k in FIG. 9. The valve 71 then releases the outlet 62 from the chimney CSi, while closing the base of the tubular connector 60.
  • the downstream part of the pipe 12 is thus closed off, so that the hot water can no longer circulate in the radiators 100.
  • the domestic water flows through the exchanger with entry through the mouth 32 and the chimney CE 2 and exit through the chimney CS 2 and the mouth 33.
  • the water in the primary circuit leaves the exchanger through the chimney CSi, the channel 6 and the mouth 61.
  • valve 7 integrated into the exchanger constitutes, with the chimney CSi. the mouth 60 and the connector 8 and the mouthpiece 61 communicating therewith through the channel 6, a three-way valve having the same function as the valve 5 of Figures 1 and 2 but having an extremely simple structure and a compact configuration, which meets the desired objective.
  • the second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13 has a design identical to that of the first embodiment with regard to the integration of the three-way valve. On the other hand, it is distinguished by the additional integration in the exchanger of the "T" tubing.
  • an upper mouthpiece 36 is provided in the upper plate 300, which is arranged coaxially opposite the chimney CEi, in place of the mouthpiece 30.
  • the mouths 30, 36 and the channel 35 therefore fulfill the same function as the conventional "T" tube 2, which further improves the compactness of the assembly while lowering the cost price.
  • connection mouthpieces of the exchanger are provided on the same side of the latter, in the upper plate.
  • the mounting of the three-way valve 7, the arrangement of the mouths 60, 61 and those of the channel 6, as well as the mouth 33 are identical to those of the two previous embodiments.
  • the mouths 32, 30, 36, as well as the channel 35, assigned here the index "prime" are formed on the lower plate 301.
  • the fourth embodiment which is illustrated in FIGS. 21 to 24, is generally similar to the first embodiment.
  • the three-way valve referenced 9, is located and mounted on the upper plate 3.
  • the body of the valve is tubular and has a part 93 screwed into the mouth 30, coaxially with the chimney CSi.
  • This chimney is closed downwards by the bottom plate 301.
  • the valve body has an inlet pipe 92 which forms a right angle with the part 93, the assembly forming an "L" shaped conduit.
  • the operation of the shutter valve 91 is the same as that described above, this valve being able to selectively occupy a high position in which it closes the tubular body 93 or a low position in which it closes the upper opening of the chimney CSj.
  • the fifth embodiment of the invention which is illustrated in FIGS. 25 to 28, differs essentially from the previous one, in that the body of the valve, referenced 9 ', extends not axially but transversely with respect to to its tubular connection, referenced 93 '.
  • the latter is a cylindrical sleeve screwed coaxially into the mouth 60. Its opposite end 96 ′ is intended to be connected to the pipe 12.
  • the valve has a piston 95 ′ constituted by a flat rod
  • valve in the form of a washer 91 ′ capable of selectively closing, as in the previous embodiments, the upper opening of the chimney CSj . , or the base of the tube 93 '.
  • the valve body 9 ' arranged at right angles to the tubular connection 93', is an actuator capable of causing the pivoting of a control rod 90 'around its own axis.
  • the free end part of the rod 90 ′ is bent twice, so as to form a crank section 900 ′, which is located in the central part of the tube 93 ′, and enters a lumen 94 ′ formed in the rod flat piston 95 '.
  • This light is an elongated hole, perpendicular to the axis of the piston.
  • the rod 90 ' can pivot by an angle of the order of 120 °, thereby causing the piston 95', and therefore the shutter valve 91 'to be lowered or raised.
  • the light-shaped connection 94 ′ authorizes the transverse movement of the rod end 900 ′ during its pivoting.
  • the flat piston rod (frame) 95 'does not obstruct the passage of the primary fluid from the piping 12 to the channel space 600, when the valve is in the low position.
  • this member 95 ' is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel 6, which limits the pressure drop in the flow of primary fluid when it flows from the tube 93' to the mouth 61 via space 600. Thanks to this arrangement, it is possible to provide an orientation in the same direction of all the pipes connected to the exchanger, perpendicular to the plates of the exchanger.
  • this embodiment can also be provided with an integrated "T" tube, like the second or the third embodiment.
  • the actuator of the rod 90 ′ is for example an electromagnet or an electric geared motor, with a rotary axis.
  • the integrated valve could be placed on the side of the entry of the primary fluid into the exchanger and, on the contrary, the "T" tubing (integrated or not) could be positioned on the other side, at the outlet of the exchanger, according to one arrangement similar to that illustrated in FIG. 1 of document FR-A-2 719 101 already cited.
  • a valve could be provided whose tilting from shutter position to the other takes place not instantaneously, but with a certain slowness (a few seconds for example), of so as to avoid thermal shock in the exchanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger which is provided with superposed parallel plates defining two heat exchange areas, whereby a primary liquid circulates in one of said heat exchange areas and a secondary liquid circulates in the other. The invention is characterized in that it comprises an integrated three-way valve fitted with a flap (71) that can selectively occlude a supply orifice for the primary liquid, thereby allowing the primary liquid to escape once it has crossed the heat-exchanger stack in order to close the opening of the chimney (62) at the exit of said stack, enabling the primary liquid to flow directly without having to cross the heat exchange area of said heat exchanger. The inventive heat exchanger with an integrated valve can be produced at low cost and is highly compact. It can be used for a number of applications, especially in mixed domestic heating systems providing an instantaneous supply of hot sanitary water.

Description

ECHANGEUR THERMIQUE A PLAQUES, A VANNE INTEGREE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER, WITH INTEGRATED VALVE
La présente invention concerne un échangeur thermique, et plus précisément un échangeur thermique du type composé d'un ensemble de plaques parallèles superposées qui délimitent deux enceintes d'échange thermique parcourues l'une par un fluide primaire et l'autre par un fluide secondaire, ces deux fluides circulant sous forme de couches minces alternées, avec des trajectoires imbriquées l'une dans l'autre, l'entrée et la sortie de chaque fluide se faisant par une paire d'embouchures, dites principales, ménagées dans une plaque d'extrémité dans l'empilage, via des "puits", ou cheminées d'entrée et de sortie traversant les plaques internes et communiquant avec les espaces interstitiels constitutifs de l'enceinte correspondante.The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more specifically a heat exchanger of the type composed of a set of superimposed parallel plates which delimit two heat exchange chambers, one traversed by a primary fluid and the other by a secondary fluid, these two fluids circulating in the form of alternating thin layers, with trajectories nested one inside the other, the entry and exit of each fluid being made by a pair of mouths, called main, formed in a plate of end in the stack, via "wells", or entry and exit chimneys crossing the internal plates and communicating with the interstitial spaces constituting the corresponding enclosure.
Ce type d' échangeur est bien connu,' et est utilisé dans de nombreuses applications, lorsqu'il est nécessaire de réchauffer ou de refroidir un fluide à l'aide d'un autre fluide ; les plaques de l'échangeur sont des plaques minces en métal, thermiquement bon conducteur, généralement en acier inoxydable, qui sont embouties et assemblées par brasage ou par une liaison au moyen de brides boulonnées, avec interposition de joints en caoutchouc.This type of exchanger is well known, 'and is used in many applications, when needed to heat or cool a fluid with another fluid; the heat exchanger plates are thin metal plates, thermally good conductor, generally made of stainless steel, which are stamped and assembled by brazing or by a connection by means of bolted flanges, with interposition of rubber seals.
Les plaques d'extrémité de l'empilage ont en général une épaisseur supérieure aux autres, car ce sont elles qui comportent les embouchures - ou raccords - permettant le branchement de l'échangeur sur les tuyauteries d'entrée et de sortie des deux fluides.The end plates of the stack have generally a thickness greater than the other, because it is they which have mouths - or connections - for connection of the heat exchanger pipes on inlet and outlet of two fluids.
Certains raccords peuvent être situés sur la plaque supérieure, et les autres sur la plaque inférieure ; dans d'autres modes de réalisation, l'ensemble des raccords sont situés sur une seule et même plaque, par exemple la plaque supérieure. Les dimensions des plaques et leur nombre sont naturellement fonctions de l'application concernée et de la puissance recherchée.Some fittings may be located on the upper plate, and the others on the lower plate; in other embodiments, all of the fittings are located on a single plate, for example the upper plate. The dimensions of the plates and their number are naturally a function of the application concerned and the power sought.
A titre indicatif, dans une application domestique dans laquelle l'échangeur équipe un circuit dit mixte susceptible d'alimenter une installation de chauffage central, avec possibilité de puisage d'eau chaude sanitaire, les plaques ont une forme générale rectangulaire, à angles arrondis, de dimensions de l'ordre de 20 x 10 cm ; les plaques internes ont une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,3 mm, la plaque inférieure une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,8 mm et la plaque supérieure de l'ordre de Le nombre total de plaques est généralement compris entre dix et trente.As an indication, in a domestic application in which the exchanger team a circuit capable of supplying said mixed a central heating installation, with the possibility of fetching hot water, the plates have a generally rectangular shape, with rounded corners, dimensions of the order of 20 x 10 cm; the internal plates have a thickness of the order of 0.3 mm, the lower plate a thickness of the order of 0.8 mm and the upper plate of the order of The total number of plates is generally between ten and thirty.
Avantageusement, il est prévu deux familles de plaques, qui sont empilées de manière alternée, chaque type de plaque présentant des ondulations ou autres reliefs emboutis de configuration spéciale, qui canalisent le flux de chaque fluide dans l'enceinte qu'il doit parcourir.Advantageously, two families of plates are provided, which are stacked in an alternating manner, each type of plate having undulations or other stamped reliefs of special configuration, which channel the flow of each fluid in the enclosure which it has to traverse.
L'agencement est conçu pour que les deux flux de fluides entre lesquels intervient l'échange thermique suivent une trajectoire en labyrinthe et circulent à contre- courant l'un de l'autre, afin de favoriser cet échange. Un échangeur de ce genre est décrit par exemple dans le documentThe arrangement is designed so that the two flows of fluids between which the heat exchange takes place follow a labyrinth trajectory and circulate against the flow of one another, in order to favor this exchange. An exchanger of this kind is described for example in the document
EP-A-0 61 1 941, auquel on pourra se reporter au besoin.EP-A-0 61 1 941, which can be referred to if necessary.
Les figures 1 et 2 annexées à la présente demande de brevet sont des schémas qui illustrent la manière dont un tel échangeur est utilisé au sein d'un circuit mixte à usage domestique du genre mentionné plus haut. Ces figures représentent une installation conforme à l'état de la technique.Figures 1 and 2 appended to this patent application are diagrams which illustrate the manner in which such an exchanger is used within a mixed circuit for domestic use of the kind mentioned above. These figures represent an installation in accordance with the state of the art.
Celle-ci comprend un circuit primaire de chauffage central I et un circuit secondaire de puisage sanitaire II, qui interfèrent l'un avec l'autre au niveau de l'échangeur à plaques 3. Le circuit I comprend une source de chauffage 1 de l'eau du circuitThis comprises a primary central heating circuit I and a secondary domestic water drawing circuit II, which interfere with each other at the level of the plate heat exchanger 3. The circuit I comprises a heating source 1 of l circuit water
I ; il s'agit par exemple d'une chaudière pourvue d'un brûleur à gaz.I; it is for example a boiler provided with a gas burner.
Une pompe appropriée 15 assure la circulation de l'eau dans ce circuit I.A suitable pump 15 ensures the circulation of water in this circuit I.
L'eau quitte la chaudière 1 par une conduite 10, puis passe, via une tubulure 2 en forme de "T", dans une conduite 11, traverse les radiateurs du chauffage central 100, et revient à la chaudière 1 après avoir dissipé une partie de ses calories dans les radiateurs 100.The water leaves the boiler 1 through a pipe 10, then passes, via a tube 2 in the shape of a "T", in a pipe 11, passes through the central heating radiators 100, and returns to the boiler 1 after having dissipated a part of his calories in radiators 100.
La tuyauterie de retour comprend deux conduites 12, 13, séparées par une vanne à trois voies 5 ; la conduite 13 se raccorde à la chaudière 1 , après passage dans la pompe 15, via une conduite 14.The return pipe comprises two pipes 12, 13, separated by a three-way valve 5; line 13 is connected to boiler 1, after passage through pump 15, via line 14.
Dans cette application, l'eau du chauffage central est le fluide primaire ; l'échangeur 3 est branché en parallèle par rapport aux radiateurs 100, la dérivation se situant en amont des radiateurs par la tubulure en "T" 2, et en aval de ces radiateurs par la vanne à trois voies 5. On a désigné par les références 30 et 31 les embouchures d'entrée et, respectivement, de sortie du fluide primaire dans l'échangeur 3. La tubulure en "T" 2 se raccorde à l'embouchure 30 par une conduite 20 ; l'embouchure de circuit 31 se raccorde à la vanne à trois voies 5 par une conduite 50.In this application, central heating water is the primary fluid; the exchanger 3 is connected in parallel with respect to the radiators 100, the bypass being located upstream of the radiators by the "T" pipe 2, and downstream of these radiators by the three-way valve 5. references 30 and 31 the inlet and outlet mouths of the primary fluid in the exchanger 3, respectively. The "T" tube 2 is connected to the mouth 30 by a pipe 20; the circuit mouth 31 is connected to the three-way valve 5 by a pipe 50.
Sur le circuit secondaire II, on a désigné par la référence 4 une source de production d'eau froide ; il peut s'agir tout simplement d'un robinet branché sur le réseau d'eau potable prévu dans l'habitation recevant cette installation.On secondary circuit II, reference 4 has designated a source for producing cold water; it can simply be a tap connected to the drinking water network provided in the house receiving this installation.
On a désigné par la référence 4' un dispositif d'utilisation d'eau chaude ; il s'agit par exemple d'un robinet ou d'un pommeau de douche destiné à fournir de l'eau chaude à l'utilisateur.A device for using hot water has been designated by the reference 4 '; it is for example a tap or a shower head intended to supply hot water to the user.
On a désigné par les références 32 et 33 les embouchures d'entrée et, respectivement, de sortie du fluide secondaire, en l'occurrence de l'eau du circuit II.There have been designated by the references 32 and 33 the inlet mouths and, respectively, the outlet of the secondary fluid, in this case the water of circuit II.
La source 4 est branchée sur l'embouchure 32 par une conduite d'amenée d'eau froide 40 ; l'embouchure 33 est branchée au dispositif d'utilisation 4' par une conduite de distribution d'eau chaude 41.The source 4 is connected to the mouth 32 by a cold water supply pipe 40; the mouth 33 is connected to the use device 4 ′ by a hot water distribution pipe 41.
Dans l'état des circuits illustré sur la figure 1, seul le circuit de chauffage I est en usage.In the state of the circuits illustrated in FIG. 1, only the heating circuit I is in use.
La vanne 5 se trouve dans une position telle que les tuyauteries 12-13 sont mises en communication, la conduite 50 étant, en revanche, isolée. Dans cette situation, l'eau fournie par la chaudière parcourt exclusivement le circuit I, comme symbolisé par les flèches F, assurant le chauffage des radiateurs 100.The valve 5 is in a position such that the pipes 12-13 are placed in communication, the pipe 50 being, on the other hand, isolated. In this situation, the water supplied by the boiler travels exclusively through circuit I, as symbolized by the arrows F, ensuring the heating of the radiators 100.
La figure 2 illustre une situation dans laquelle un puisage d'eau sanitaire est demandé, par exemple par ouverture d'un robinet prévu dans le dispositif d'utilisation 4'.FIG. 2 illustrates a situation in which a drawing of sanitary water is requested, for example by opening a tap provided in the use device 4 '.
Ce puisage fait basculer automatiquement, via un système de commande appropriée connu en soi, la vanne à trois voies 5, de manière à fermer la sortie de la tuyauterie 12, en assurant au contraire la communication de la conduite 50 avec la tuyauterie 13. Dans ces conditions, l'eau chaude qui circule selon G dans le circuit, est aiguillée au niveau de la tubulure en "T" 2 vers l'échangeur 3.This drawing automatically switches, via an appropriate control system known per se, the three-way valve 5, so as to close the outlet of the pipe 12, on the contrary ensuring communication between the pipe 50 and the pipe 13. In these conditions, the hot water which circulates along G in the circuit, is routed at the level of the "T" pipe 2 towards the exchanger 3.
Elle parcourt l'enceinte primaire de l'échangeur de son entrée 30 vers sa sortie 31, en suivant une trajectoire sinueuse schématiquement illustrée et désignée TP (trajectoire primaire). L'eau chaude ne passe pas dans les radiateurs 100 puisque la sortie de la conduite 12 est fermée. L'eau chaude passe exclusivement dans l'échangeur 3, comme cela est symbolisé par les flèches G, revenant à la chaudière via les tuyauteries 13 -14, et la pompe 15.It traverses the primary enclosure of the exchanger from its inlet 30 to its outlet 31, following a sinuous trajectory schematically illustrated and designated TP (primary trajectory). Hot water does not pass through the radiators 100 since the outlet of the pipe 12 is closed. The hot water passes exclusively through the exchanger 3, as symbolized by the arrows G, returning to the boiler via the pipes 13 -14, and the pump 15.
Dans le même temps, du fait de l'appel d'eau sanitaire, l'eau du circuit secondaire II parcourt l'enceinte secondaire de l'échangeur, de l'entrée 32 vers la sortie 33, comme symbolisé par la ligne de trajectoire sinueuse TS (trajectoire secondaire) et les flèches H.At the same time, due to the domestic water call, the water in secondary circuit II flows through the secondary enclosure of the exchanger, from inlet 32 to outlet 33, as symbolized by the trajectory line winding TS (secondary trajectory) and arrows H.
L'échange thermique s'opère au sein de l'empilage de plaques, et c'est donc une eau chaude qui parvient au dispositif d'utilisation 4'. Lorsque le puisage est terminé, la vanne 5 bascule à nouveau sur sa position initiale permettant d'alimenter les radiateurs.The heat exchange takes place within the stack of plates, and it is therefore hot water which reaches the use device 4 '. When the drawing is finished, the valve 5 switches back to its initial position allowing the radiators to be supplied.
Bien entendu, ces circuits sont asservis de manière connue à des consignes de température.Of course, these circuits are controlled in known manner to temperature setpoints.
A titre indicatif, l'eau quitte la chaudière 1 à une température de l'ordre de 80° C et y revient à une température comprise entre 40 et 60° C, selon le réglage des radiateurs.As an indication, the water leaves boiler 1 at a temperature of the order of 80 ° C and returns to it at a temperature between 40 and 60 ° C, depending on the setting of the radiators.
Dans le circuit secondaire, les températures respectives de l'eau froide qui rentre dans l'échangeur 3, et de l'eau chaude qui en sort, sont - toujours à titre indicatif - de l'ordre de 15° C et, respectivement, de l'ordre de 45° C. La vanne à trois voies 5 est très sollicitée, puisqu'elle change d'état à chaque puisage d'eau sanitaire.In the secondary circuit, the respective temperatures of the cold water entering the exchanger 3 and the hot water leaving it are - still for information only - of the order of 15 ° C and, respectively, of the order of 45 ° C. The three-way valve 5 is very stressed, since it changes state with each drawing of sanitary water.
Le prix d'une telle vanne et de ses raccords et tubulures de liaison à l'échangeur à plaques intervient de manière importante dans le prix total de l'installation. Cette vanne présente par ailleurs un encombrement important, qui va à l'encontre de la recherche permanente de compacité dans la plupart des applications où ce genre d'installation est utilisable.The price of such a valve and its connections and pipes connecting to the plate heat exchanger plays a significant role in the total price of the installation. This valve also has a large size, which goes against the permanent search for compactness in most applications where this type of installation is usable.
L'état de la technique en la matière peut être illustré par le document EP-A-0 614 061 , qui a pour objet un échangeur à plaques du type précité, sur lequel est monté la vanne à trois voies.The state of the art in this area can be illustrated by document EP-A-0 614 061, which relates to a plate exchanger of the aforementioned type, on which the three-way valve is mounted.
Un simple examen de la figure 2 de ce document permet de comprendre le problème d'encombrement précité, la vanne occupant un volume relativement grand par rapport à celui de l'échangeur proprement dit.A simple examination of FIG. 2 of this document makes it possible to understand the aforementioned size problem, the valve occupying a relatively large volume compared to that of the exchanger itself.
Par le document WO-97/00415, on connaît un échangeur thermique à plaques, dans lequel est intégré un clapet obturateur. En effet, le mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 5 de ce document comporte une valve 25 dont le clapet mobile est adapté pour obturer sélectivement l'ouverture supérieure de l'une des cheminées traversant l'empilage de la plaque. Grâce à cet agencement, il est possible de faire passer, soit la totalité de l'un des fluides au sein de l'empilage, dans l'enceinte d'échange thermique, soit une partie seulement de ce fluide, une autre partie passant directement dans l'espace de plus grande section qui sépare la plaque supérieure de la plaque adjacente.Document WO-97/00415 discloses a plate heat exchanger, in which a shutter valve is integrated. In fact, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 of this document comprises a valve 25, the movable valve of which is adapted to selectively close the upper opening of one of the chimneys passing through the stack of the plate. With this arrangement, it is possible to pass, or all of one of the fluids within the stack in the heat exchange enclosure, or only a portion of this fluid, another portion passing directly in the space of greatest section which separates the upper plate from the adjacent plate.
Ce dispositif ne fait donc pas office de vanne à trois voies susceptible de remplir la fonction exposée ci-dessus. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 3 et 4 duThis device therefore does not act as a three-way valve capable of fulfilling the function set out above. In the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 of
WO-97/00415, il est possible de faire passer la totalité de l'un des fluides soit au sein de l'empilage, entre les cheminées d'entrée et de sortie (figure 4), soit de manière directe d'une cheminée à l'autre, par l'espace compris entre la plaque inférieure et la plaque adjacente (figure 3). Cette solution est cependant complexe et nécessite de recourir à deux clapets tubulaires distincts, mobiles chacun dans l'une des deux cheminées. La fonction recherchée par ce mode de réalisation n'est pas une inversion de circuit simple par vanne à trois voies telle que recherchée par la présente invention, mais une orientation bien spécifique des débits dans une application donnée, telle que le réchauffage d'un circuit d'huile dans un moteur thermique.WO-97/00415, it is possible to pass all of one of the fluids either within the stack, between the inlet and outlet chimneys (FIG. 4), or directly from a chimney to the other, by the space between the lower plate and the adjacent plate (Figure 3). This solution is however complex and requires the use of two separate tubular valves, each movable in one of the two chimneys. The function sought by this embodiment is not a simple circuit reversal by three-way valve as sought by the present invention, but a very specific orientation of the flow rates in a given application, such as heating a circuit oil in a heat engine.
La présente invention a pour objectif d'intégrer dans l'échangeur à plaques un système de vanne à trois voies par un agencement de conception et de structure très simples, qui permette, d'une part, de réduire très sensiblement le prix de revient global de l'ensemble vanne-échangeur, d'autre part de réduire notablement leur encombrement.The present invention aims to integrate into the plate exchanger a three-way valve system by an arrangement of very simple design and structure, which allows, on the one hand, to reduce very significantly the overall cost price of the valve-exchanger assembly, on the other hand significantly reduce their size.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de pouvoir, si on le souhaite, maintenir l'échangeur à une certaine température par la présence permanente d'un certain débit du fluide primaire au sein de l'échangeur, bien qu'il n'y ait pas de puisage sanitaire. Ainsi, lorsqu'il y a demande de puisage sanitaire, on obtient une mise en température très rapide de l'eau chaude du circuit secondaire, dès le début de basculement du clapet à trois voies.Another objective of the invention is to be able, if desired, to maintain the exchanger at a certain temperature by the permanent presence of a certain flow rate of the primary fluid within the exchanger, although there is no have no sanitary drawing. Thus, when there is a request of sanitary draw-off, a setting temperature very fast hot water of the secondary circuit is obtained from the start of tilting of the three-way valve.
Ces objectifs sont atteints, conformément à l'invention, grâce au fait que l'échangeur comporte une vanne à trois voies pour la distribution du fluide primaire, qui est intégrée à l'échangeur, dont l'une des voies est constituée par l'une de deux embouchures principales dans laquelle passe le fluide primaire, l'autre par l'ouverture de la cheminée de l'enceinte primaire adjacente à cette embouchure, et la troisième par une embouchure annexe formée dans la même plaque d'extrémité que ladite embouchure principale, et disposée à proximité de ladite ouverture de cheminée, un canal embouti dans cette plaque faisant communiquer ces deux embouchures, la vanne comportant un clapet apte à obturer sélectivement, soit ladite ouverture de cheminée, soit ladite embouchure annexe.These objectives are achieved, in accordance with the invention, thanks to the fact that the exchanger comprises a three-way valve for the distribution of the primary fluid, which is integrated into the exchanger, one of the channels of which is constituted by the one of two main mouths through which the primary fluid passes, the other by the opening of the chimney of the primary enclosure adjacent to this mouth, and the third by an annex mouth formed in the same end plate as said main mouth, and disposed near said chimney opening, a channel stamped in this plate making these two mouths communicate, the valve comprising a valve capable of selectively closing either said chimney opening or said annex mouth.
Par ailleurs, selon un certain nombre de caractéristiques additionnelles, non limitatives de l'invention :Furthermore, according to a certain number of additional, non-limiting characteristics of the invention:
- l'embouchure annexe est disposée coaxialement en regard de ladite ouverture de cheminée et le clapet consiste en un piston discoïde mobile en translation suivant l'axe commun à l'embouchure annexe à l'ouverture ;- The annex mouth is arranged coaxially opposite said chimney opening and the valve consists of a discoid piston movable in translation along the axis common to the mouth annex to the opening;
- il comporte un moyen de commande électrique ou hydraulique du piston ;- It includes a means of electric or hydraulic control of the piston;
- ce moyen de commande est fixé à la plaque d'extrémité opposée à la plaque d'extrémité dans laquelle sont formées les embouchures principale et annexe, la tige du piston traversant coaxialement la cheminée ;- This control means is fixed to the end plate opposite to the end plate in which the main and annex mouths are formed, the piston rod passing coaxially through the chimney;
- ce moyen de commande est fixé à la plaque d'extrémité dans laquelle sont formées les embouchures principales et annexe, la tige du piston traversant coaxialement un raccord tubulaire monté dans ladite embouchure annexe ;- This control means is fixed to the end plate in which the main and annex mouths are formed, the piston rod passing coaxially through a tubular connection mounted in said annex mouth;
- à l'autre embouchure principale est également associée une embouchure annexe qui est formée dans la même plaque d'extrémité qu'elle, et qui communique avec elle par un canal embouti dans cette dernière ;- To the other main mouth is also associated an annex mouth which is formed in the same end plate as it, and which communicates with it by a channel stamped in the latter;
- la vanne à trois voies est située en sortie de l'enceinte primaire. L'invention concerne également une installation mixte de distribution domestique d'eau chaude comprenant un circuit primaire de chauffage central et un circuit secondaire de puisage sanitaire, cette installation étant équipée d'un échangeur tel que décrit ci-dessus, branché en parallèle sur les radiateurs du chauffage central, l'eau du chauffage central, fourni par une chaudière, constituant le fluide primaire, tandis que l'eau de puisage sanitaire en constitue le fluide secondaire- the three-way valve is located at the outlet of the primary enclosure. The invention also relates to a mixed domestic hot water distribution installation comprising a primary central heating circuit and a secondary sanitary drawing circuit, this installation being equipped with an exchanger as described above, connected in parallel to the central heating radiators, central heating water, supplied by a boiler, constituting the primary fluid, while sanitary tap water constitutes the secondary fluid
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront de la description qui va maintenant en être faite, en référence aux dessins annexés. Sur ces dessins : - comme déjà dit, les figures 1 et 2 sont des schémas illustrant le principe de fonctionnement d'un circuit de chauffage mixte, à production d'eau chaude sanitaire instantanée, tel que compris dans l'état de la technique ;Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear from the description which will now be made of it, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these drawings: - As already said, Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating the operating principle of a mixed heating circuit, producing instantaneous domestic hot water, as understood in the state of the art;
- les figures 3 à 6 représentent un premier mode de réalisation possible d'un échangeur conforme à l'invention ;- Figures 3 to 6 show a first possible embodiment of an exchanger according to the invention;
- la figure 3 est une vue de face, coupée par le plan brisé III-III de la figure 4 ;- Figure 3 is a front view, cut by the broken plane III-III of Figure 4;
- la figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la figure 3 ;- Figure 4 is a top view of Figure 3;
- la figure 5 est une vue de gauche de la figure 3, coupée par le plan brisé N-N de la figure 4 ;- Figure 5 is a left view of Figure 3, cut by the broken plane N-N of Figure 4;
- la figure 6 est une vue de gauche de la figure 4, coupée par le plan NI-NI.- Figure 6 is a left view of Figure 4, cut by the NI-NI plane.
La figure 7 est un schéma d'une installation équipée de cet échangeur, celui-ci étant représenté vu de dessus ; - les figures 8 et 9 sont des schémas similaires à celui de la figure 7, l'échangeur y étant représenté de côté et en coupe, l'installation étant illustrée respectivement dans une situation de chauffage et dans une situation de puisage sanitaire d'eau chaude ;Figure 7 is a diagram of an installation equipped with this exchanger, the latter being shown seen from above; - Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams similar to that of Figure 7, the heat exchanger there being shown from the side and in section, the installation being illustrated respectively in a state of heating and in a situation of sanitary water bailing hot;
- les figures 10 à 13 représentent un deuxième mode de réalisation possible de l'échangeur ;- Figures 10 to 13 show a second possible embodiment of the exchanger;
- la figure 10 est une vue de côté coupée par le plan brisé X-X de la figure 11 ;- Figure 10 is a side view cut by the broken plane X-X of Figure 11;
- la figure 12 est une vue de gauche de la figure 10, coupée par le plan brisé référencé XII-XII sur la figure 11 ; - la figure 13 est une vue de gauche de la figure 11 , coupée par le plan XIII-XIII ;- Figure 12 is a left view of Figure 10, cut by the broken plane referenced XII-XII in Figure 11; - Figure 13 is a left view of Figure 11, cut by the plane XIII-XIII;
- les figures 14, 15 et 16 sont des vues similaires, respectivement, à celles des figures 7, 8 et 9 précédentes, destinées à illustrer le fonctionnement de ce deuxième mode de réalisation ; - les figures 17 à 20, 21 à 24 et 25 à 28 représentent, respectivement, un troisième, un quatrième et un cinquième mode de réalisation possibles de l'échangeur selon l'invention, les différentes vues qui représentent ces modes de réalisation ayant une organisation similaire à celles des figures 3 à 6 (pour le premier mode de réalisation) et 10 à 13 (pour le deuxième mode de réalisation). On a désigné par les références 300 et 301 les deux plaques d'extrémité de l'empilage, la plaque 300 correspondant à la plaque supérieure et la plaque 301 à la plaque inférieure.- Figures 14, 15 and 16 are views similar, respectively, to those of Figures 7, 8 and 9 above, intended to illustrate the operation of this second embodiment; - Figures 17 to 20, 21 to 24 and 25 to 28 show, respectively, a third, a fourth and a fifth possible embodiment of the exchanger according to the invention, the different views which represent these embodiments having a organization similar to those of FIGS. 3 to 6 (for the first embodiment) and 10 to 13 (for the second embodiment). The two end plates of the stack have been designated by the references 300 and 301, the plate 300 corresponding to the upper plate and the plate 301 to the lower plate.
Les plaques internes de l'empilage, comme déjà dit, sont de deux types différents, référencées 302, 303.The internal plates of the stack, as already said, are of two different types, referenced 302, 303.
On a désigné par la référence ej l'enceinte, constituée par les interstices entre plaques, dans laquelle circule le fluide primaire du circuit I.We designated by the reference ej the enclosure, constituted by the interstices between plates, in which the primary fluid of circuit I circulates.
On a désigné par la référence e2 les espaces interstitiels constituant l'autre enceinte, dans laquelle passe le fluide secondaire. De manière connue, des puits, ou cheminées, traversant les plaques transversalement, communiquent avec ces enceintes. Il est prévu deux cheminées diagonalement opposés pour l'entrée et la sortie du fluide primaire, qui communiquent avec les interstices e\ ; de même il est prévu deux cheminées diamétralement opposées, communiquant avec les interstices e2. Dans le premier mode de réalisation des figures 3 à 6, l'ensemble des embouchures d'entrée et de sortie des fluides sont formées dans la plaque supérieure 300.The interstitial spaces constituting the other enclosure, through which the secondary fluid passes, have been designated by the reference e 2 . In known manner, wells, or chimneys, crossing the plates transversely, communicate with these enclosures. Two diagonally opposite chimneys are provided for the inlet and outlet of the primary fluid, which communicate with the interstices e \ ; similarly, two diametrically opposite chimneys are provided, communicating with the interstices e 2 . In the first embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 6, all of the fluid inlet and outlet mouths are formed in the upper plate 300.
On a désigné par les références 30 et 61 les embouchures d'entrée et de sortie du fluide primaire, et par 32 et 33 les embouchures d'entrée et de sortie du fluide secondaire.Has been designated by the references 30 and 61 the openings of inlet and outlet of the primary fluid, and by 32 and 33 the inlet orifices and outlet of the secondary fluid.
Ces embouchures sont des petits manchons cylindriques, d'axe perpendiculaire aux plaques. Dans les exemples illustrés, leur paroi externe est filetée, pour permettre le branchement des tuyauteries au moyen de raccords taraudés complémentaires, destinés à y être vissés de manière étanche. Tout autre mode de liaison étanche est possible, naturellement.These mouthpieces are small cylindrical sleeves, with an axis perpendicular to the plates. In the examples illustrated, their external wall is threaded, to allow the connection of the pipes by means of complementary threaded connections, intended to be screwed there tightly. Any other waterproof connection mode is possible, of course.
Sur les dessins, on a désigné par les références CEi et CSi. les cheminées d'entrée et, respectivement, de sortie, du fluide primaire dans les interstices e ; on a désigné par les références CE2 et CS les cheminées d'entrée et, respectivement, de sortie du fluide secondaire dans les interstices e2 de l'empilage. L'embouchure 30 d'entrée du fluide primaire est positionnée coaxialement en regard de la cheminée CEi, dans un angle de l'échangeur.In the drawings, the references CEi and CSi have been designated . the inlet and outlet chimneys, respectively, of the primary fluid in the interstices e; CE 2 and CS have designated the inlet and outlet chimneys, respectively, of outlet of the secondary fluid in the interstices e 2 of the stack. The mouth 30 for entering the primary fluid is positioned coaxially opposite the chimney CEi, in a corner of the exchanger.
Les embouchures d'entrée 32 et de sortie 33 du fluide secondaire sont disposées coaxialement en regard des cheminées CE2 et CS respectivement, dans les angles adjacents à l'angle qui vient d'être mentionné. La cheminée CS], de sortie du fluide primaire, se trouve dans le quatrième angle, c'est à dire dans le coin diagonalement opposé à la cheminée CΕ\. Coaxialement, en regard de cette cheminée CSi, se trouve une embouchure dite annexe 60, également formée dans la plaque supérieure 300.The inlet ports 32 and outlet 33 of the secondary fluid are arranged coaxially opposite the chimneys CE 2 and CS respectively, in the angles adjacent to the angle which has just been mentioned. The chimney CS] , at the outlet of the primary fluid, is located in the fourth angle, that is to say in the corner diagonally opposite to the chimney CΕ \ . Coaxially, opposite this chimney CSi, is a mouth called annex 60, also formed in the upper plate 300.
L'embouchure 61 est décalée par rapport à l'embouchure 60 vers la zone centrale de l'échangeur, parallèlement à son bord longitudinal (grand côté). Une orientation oblique pourrait être prévue, en fonction du positionnement souhaité de l'embouchure 61.The mouth 61 is offset with respect to the mouth 60 towards the central zone of the exchanger, parallel to its longitudinal edge (long side). An oblique orientation could be provided, depending on the desired positioning of the mouthpiece 61.
Les deux embouchures 60 et 61 communiquent l'une avec l'autre par un canal 6 formé par emboutissage dans la plaque supérieure 300 ; ce canal a une section approximativement semi-cylindrique ; il forme un renfoncement dans la plaque supérieure 300 qui délimite avec la plaque plane sous-jacente 303 (contre laquelle cette plaque supérieure est appliquée et fixée) un passage 600.The two mouths 60 and 61 communicate with each other by a channel 6 formed by stamping in the upper plate 300; this channel has an approximately semi-cylindrical section; it forms a recess in the upper plate 300 which delimits with the underlying flat plate 303 (against which this upper plate is applied and fixed) a passage 600.
Le canal 6 s'étend parallèlement aux grands côtés des plaques.Channel 6 extends parallel to the long sides of the plates.
L'ensemble des embouchures 30, 32, 33, 60 et 61 sont des manchons tubulaires cylindriques, de même diamètre ; contrairement aux autres embouchures, l'embouchure 60 est taraudée intérieurement, et reçoit un raccord tubulaire fileté 8, vissé dans cette embouchure 60. Tout autre mode de liaison étanche est possible, bien entendu.The set of mouths 30, 32, 33, 60 and 61 are cylindrical tubular sleeves, of the same diameter; unlike the other mouths, the mouth 60 is internally threaded, and receives a threaded tubular connection 8, screwed into this mouth 60. Any other sealed connection mode is possible, of course.
Coaxialement à l'embouchure 60, mais du côté opposé de l'empilage, c'est-à-dire dans la plaque inférieure 301 , est formé un manchon 63 analogue au manchon 60, également taraudé sur sa paroi interne.Coaxial with the mouth 60, but on the opposite side of the stack, that is to say in the lower plate 301, is formed a sleeve 63 similar to the sleeve 60, also tapped on its internal wall.
Dans ce manchon 63 est fixé par vissage un corps de vanne 7. Cette vanne comporte une tige de piston 70 axialement mobile, dans l'axe commun au manchon 63, à la cheminée CSt, à l'embouchure 60 et au corps tubulaire 8. La tige 70 traverse la cheminée CSi, et son extrémité supérieure libre est munie d'un disque obturateur, ou clapet, 71.In this sleeve 63 is fixed by screwing a valve body 7. This valve comprises a piston rod 70 axially movable, in the axis common to the sleeve 63, to the chimney CS t , to the mouth 60 and to the tubular body 8 The rod 70 crosses the chimney CSi, and its free upper end is provided with a shutter disc, or valve, 71.
Selon que la tige 70 se trouve dans une position haute, représentée en traits forts sur les figures 3, 5 et 6, ou en position basse, représentée en traits interrompus, et référencée 70' sur ces mêmes figures, le disque 71 vient en appui contre la base annulaire plane 80 du raccord 8 obturant ainsi la base de ce raccord, ou au contraire, vient s'appliquer contre le bord de l'ouverture supérieure 62 de la cheminée CSi (disque de clapet référencé 71 ') obturant ladite ouverture.Depending on whether the rod 70 is in a high position, shown in strong lines in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, or in a low position, shown in broken lines, and referenced 70 ′ in these same figures, the disc 71 comes to bear against the planar annular base 80 of the connector 8 thus closing the base of this connector, or on the contrary, is applied against the edge of the upper opening 62 of the chimney CSi (valve disc referenced 71 ') closing said opening.
Bien entendu, le diamètre du disque 71 est choisi légèrement supérieur aux ouvertures du raccord 8 et de la cheminée CSi, tandis que l'embouchure 60 a un diamètre intérieur légèrement supérieur au diamètre du disque 71, afin de permettre son introduction dans l'échangeur. Les moyens de commande en translation de la tige 70 sont des moyens connus, pilotés électriquement, hydrauliquement ou pneumatiquement.Of course, the diameter of the disc 71 is chosen to be slightly greater than the openings of the connector 8 and of the chimney CSi, while the mouth 60 has an internal diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the disc 71, in order to allow its introduction into the exchanger. . The means for translational control of the rod 70 are known means, electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically controlled.
Il peut s'agir notamment d'un électro-aimant ou d'un actuateur linéaire tel que ceux utilisés pour la commande des clapets de carburateur d'automobile par exemple, ou un dispositif à membrane piloté par la différence de pression existant sur le circuit sanitaire lors d'un puisage.It may in particular be an electromagnet or a linear actuator such as those used for controlling automobile carburetor valves, for example, or a membrane device controlled by the pressure difference existing on the circuit. sanitary during a drawing.
Bien entendu, la tige 70 est guidée de manière étanche dans la plaque d'extrémité de l'échangeur, par exemple au moyen de joints toriques appropriés.Of course, the rod 70 is guided in leaktight manner in the end plate of the exchanger, for example by means of suitable O-rings.
Le clapet discoïde 71 est en matériau souple et élastique, tel qu'un matériau synthétique élastomere, susceptible de s'appliquer de manière étanche par chacune de ses deux faces opposées contre le siège du raccord 8 où contre le bord de l'ouverture de la cheminée CSi, tout en résistant aux différences de température rencontrées en cours de fonctionnement.The discoid valve 71 is made of flexible and elastic material, such as an elastomeric synthetic material, capable of being applied in a sealed manner by each of its two opposite faces against the seat of the connector 8 or against the edge of the opening of the CSi chimney, while resisting the temperature differences encountered during operation.
Le clapet et son dispositif de commande sont par exemple du même type général que la vanne à trois voies qui fait l'objet du document FR-A-2 719 101.The valve and its control device are for example of the same general type as the three-way valve which is the subject of document FR-A-2 719 101.
Dans une variante d'exécution non représentée, la tige 70 pourrait se prolonger au delà du disque obturateur 71 , à l'intérieur du raccord tubulaire 8, pour y être guidée en translation par une bague solidaire de ce raccord, le montage de la bague dans la partie centrale de ce raccord se faisant par des bras de montage radiaux ne contrariant pas l'écoulement du fluide primaire à l'intérieur du raccord 8.In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the rod 70 could extend beyond the obturator disc 71, inside the tubular connection 8, to be guided therein in translation by a ring integral with this connection, the mounting of the ring in the central part of this connection being made by radial mounting arms not obstructing the flow of the primary fluid inside the connection 8.
Ainsi, on obtient un guidage axial parfait de la tige 70. Ceci est particulièrement intéressant lorsque le nombre de plaques est important et implique une tige 70 de grande longueur. En référence aux figures 7 à 9, nous allons maintenant décrire le fonctionnement de ce dispositif.Thus, perfect axial guidance of the rod 70 is obtained. This is particularly advantageous when the number of plates is large and involves a rod 70 of great length. Referring to Figures 7 to 9, we will now describe the operation of this device.
Les tuyauteries équipant les deux circuits I et II ont été affectées des mêmes chiffres de référence que sur les figures 1 et 2 se rapportant à l'état de la technique. On constate que la conduite 20 provenant de la tubulure en "T" 2 est branchée sur l'embouchure 30, tandis que la conduite de retour à la chaudière 13 est branchée sur l'embouchure 61. La tuyauterie 12 située en aval des radiateurs 100 est branchée sur le raccord 8 et l'embouchure 60.The pipes equipping the two circuits I and II have been assigned the same reference numbers as in FIGS. 1 and 2 relating to the state of the art. It can be seen that the pipe 20 coming from the "T" pipe 2 is connected to the mouth 30, while the return pipe to the boiler 13 is connected to the mouth 61. The piping 12 located downstream of the radiators 100 is connected to the fitting 8 and the mouthpiece 60.
Les conduites 40 et 41 du circuit secondaire II sont branchées respectivement sur les embouchures 32 et 33. La figure 8 montre une situation dans laquelle les radiateurs 100 sont alimentés.The conduits 40 and 41 of the secondary circuit II are connected respectively to the mouths 32 and 33. FIG. 8 shows a situation in which the radiators 100 are supplied.
Dans cet état, le clapet obturateur 71 se trouve dans sa position basse, obturant la sortie de cheminée 62. La sortie de l'enceinte primaire constituée par les espaces interstitiels ej; est par conséquent obturée, si bien que le fluide primaire provenant de la chaudière ne peut pas traverser l'échangeur.In this state, the shutter valve 71 is in its low position, closing the chimney outlet 62. The outlet of the primary enclosure constituted by the interstitial spaces ej; is therefore blocked, so that the primary fluid from the boiler cannot pass through the exchanger.
La totalité de l'eau chaude fournie par la chaudière 1 passe dans les radiateurs 100, arrive dans l'échangeur par la conduite 12 et le raccord 8, traverse l'espace 600 du canal 6, et est évacuée de celui-ci à travers l'embouchure 61. par les tuyauteries 13, 14, sous l'aspiration de la pompe 15.All of the hot water supplied by the boiler 1 passes through the radiators 100, arrives in the exchanger via the pipe 12 and the connector 8, crosses the space 600 of the channel 6, and is evacuated therefrom through the mouth 61. through the pipes 13, 14, under the suction of the pump 15.
Lorsqu'il y a puisage sanitaire, s'opère automatiquement le basculement du clapet 7, par remontée de la tige 70, symbolisé par la flèche k sur la figure 9. Le clapet 71 libère alors la sortie 62 de la cheminée CSi, tout en venant obturer la base du raccord tubulaire 60.When there is sanitary drawing, the valve 7 automatically switches over, by raising the rod 70, symbolized by the arrow k in FIG. 9. The valve 71 then releases the outlet 62 from the chimney CSi, while closing the base of the tubular connector 60.
La partie aval de la conduite 12 est ainsi obturée, si bien que l'eau chaude ne peut plus circuler dans les radiateurs 100.The downstream part of the pipe 12 is thus closed off, so that the hot water can no longer circulate in the radiators 100.
Cette eau est donc amenée via la tubulure en "T" 2 et la conduite 20 dans l'échangeur à plaques 3 (flèches G). L'eau chaude parcourt les espaces interstitiels e! de l'échangeur, tandis que l'eau froide du circuit secondaire II passe dans les espaces e2, assurant l'échange thermique recherché (flèches H).This water is therefore supplied via the "T" pipe 2 and the pipe 20 in the plate exchanger 3 (arrows G). Hot water runs through the interstitial spaces e ! of the exchanger, while the cold water from the secondary circuit II passes into spaces e 2 , ensuring the desired heat exchange (arrows H).
L'écoulement de l'eau sanitaire dans l'échangeur se fait avec entrée par l'embouchure 32 et la cheminée CE2 et sortie par la cheminée CS2 et l'embouchure 33.The domestic water flows through the exchanger with entry through the mouth 32 and the chimney CE 2 and exit through the chimney CS 2 and the mouth 33.
L'eau du circuit primaire quitte l'échangeur par la cheminée CSi, le canal 6 et l'embouchure 61.The water in the primary circuit leaves the exchanger through the chimney CSi, the channel 6 and the mouth 61.
La vanne 7 intégrée à l'échangeur constitue, avec la cheminée CSi. l'embouchure 60 et son raccord 8, ainsi que l'embouchure 61 communiquant avec celle-ci par le canal 6, une vanne à trois voies jouant le même rôle que la vanne 5 des figures 1 et 2, mais ayant une structure extrêmement simple et une configuration compacte, ce qui répond à l'objectif recherché.The valve 7 integrated into the exchanger constitutes, with the chimney CSi. the mouth 60 and the connector 8 and the mouthpiece 61 communicating therewith through the channel 6, a three-way valve having the same function as the valve 5 of Figures 1 and 2 but having an extremely simple structure and a compact configuration, which meets the desired objective.
Le deuxième mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 10 à 13 a une conception identique à celle du premier mode de réalisation pour ce qui est de l'intégration de la vanne à trois voies. En revanche, elle s'en distingue par l'intégration additionnelle dans l'échangeur de la tubulure en "T".The second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13 has a design identical to that of the first embodiment with regard to the integration of the three-way valve. On the other hand, it is distinguished by the additional integration in the exchanger of the "T" tubing.
A cet effet, il est prévu dans la plaque supérieure 300 une embouchure annexe 36, qui est disposée coaxialement en regard de la cheminée CEi, en lieu et place de l'embouchure 30.To this end, an upper mouthpiece 36 is provided in the upper plate 300, which is arranged coaxially opposite the chimney CEi, in place of the mouthpiece 30.
Celle-ci est décalée longitudinalement, les deux embouchures 30, 36 communiquant l'une avec l'autre par un canal 35 de section sensiblement semi- cylindrique, embouti dans la plaque supérieure, avec une configuration similaire à celle du canal 6. Un espace de communication directe 350 entre les embouchures 30 et 36 est ainsi réalisé.This is offset longitudinally, the two mouths 30, 36 communicating with each other by a channel 35 of substantially semi-cylindrical section, stamped in the upper plate, with a configuration similar to that of channel 6. A space direct communication 350 between the mouths 30 and 36 is thus achieved.
Comme on le voit sur les figures 14 à 16, la conduite 10 par laquelle l'eau chaude sort de la chaudière 1 est branchée sur l'embouchure 30, tandis que l'embouchure 36 est branchée sur la conduite 1 1. En cas d'usage de l'installation pour le chauffage uniquementAs seen in Figures 14 to 16, the pipe 10 through which the hot water leaves the boiler 1 is connected to the mouth 30, while the mouth 36 is connected to the pipe 1 1. In the event of use of the installation for heating only
(situation illustrée sur la figure 15) le liquide chaud passe directement de la tuyauterie 10 à la tuyauterie 1 1 via l'embouchure 30, le passage 350 et l'embouchure 36, l'eau chaude ne traversant pas l'espace interstitiel des plaques, car le clapet 71 se trouve en position basse. En revanche, en cas de puisage sanitaire (figure 16), le clapet se trouvant en position haute, le liquide provenant de la chaudière est aiguillé au sein de l'empilage (flèche G) afin de réchauffer le liquide secondaire.(situation illustrated in FIG. 15) the hot liquid passes directly from the piping 10 to the piping 1 1 via the mouth 30, the passage 350 and the mouth 36, the hot water not passing through the interstitial space of the plates , because the valve 71 is in the low position. On the other hand, in the event of sanitary drawing (figure 16), the valve being in the high position, the liquid coming from the boiler is routed within the stack (arrow G) in order to heat the secondary liquid.
Les embouchures 30, 36 et le canal 35 remplissent par conséquent la même fonction que la tubulure en "T" classique 2, ce qui améliore encore la compacité de l'ensemble tout en en abaissant le prix de revient.The mouths 30, 36 and the channel 35 therefore fulfill the same function as the conventional "T" tube 2, which further improves the compactness of the assembly while lowering the cost price.
Dans les deux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, l'ensemble des embouchures de raccordement de l'échangeur sont prévues du même côté de celui-ci, dans la plaque supérieure.In the two embodiments which have just been described, all of the connection mouthpieces of the exchanger are provided on the same side of the latter, in the upper plate.
Une disposition différente peut être souhaitée dans certaines applications, en fonction de la configuration de l'espace dans lequel l'échangeur doit être installé et du volume disponible.A different arrangement may be desired in certain applications, depending on the configuration of the space in which the heat exchanger must be installed and of the available volume.
Ainsi, dans le troisième mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 17 à 20, le montage de la vanne à trois voies 7, la disposition des embouchures 60, 61 et celles du canal 6, ainsi que l'embouchure 33 sont identiques à ceux des deux modes de réalisation précédents. En revanche, les embouchures 32, 30, 36, ainsi que le canal 35, affectés ici de l'indice "prime" sont formés sur la plaque inférieure 301.Thus, in the third embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 20, the mounting of the three-way valve 7, the arrangement of the mouths 60, 61 and those of the channel 6, as well as the mouth 33 are identical to those of the two previous embodiments. On the other hand, the mouths 32, 30, 36, as well as the channel 35, assigned here the index "prime" are formed on the lower plate 301.
Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation est rigoureusement identique à celui du deuxième mode de réalisation déjà décrit ; seuls les branchements des conduits d'entrée des fluides ont une configuration différente (se faisant par la plaque inférieure).The operation of this embodiment is strictly identical to that of the second embodiment already described; only the connections of the fluid inlet conduits have a different configuration (through the bottom plate).
Le quatrième mode de réalisation, qui est illustré sur les figures 21 à 24, est globalement similaire au premier mode de réalisation.The fourth embodiment, which is illustrated in FIGS. 21 to 24, is generally similar to the first embodiment.
Cependant, la vanne à trois voies, référencée 9, est située et montée sur la plaque supérieure 3.However, the three-way valve, referenced 9, is located and mounted on the upper plate 3.
Le corps du clapet est tubulaire et présente une partie 93 vissée dans l'embouchure 30, coaxialement à la cheminée CSi.The body of the valve is tubular and has a part 93 screwed into the mouth 30, coaxially with the chimney CSi.
Cette cheminée est fermée vers le bas par la plaque inférieure 301.This chimney is closed downwards by the bottom plate 301.
Le corps du clapet présente une tubulure d'entrée 92 qui forme un angle droit avec la partie 93, l'ensemble formant un conduit en forme de "L".The valve body has an inlet pipe 92 which forms a right angle with the part 93, the assembly forming an "L" shaped conduit.
C'est cette partie 92 qui est branchée sur la conduite 12 qui ramène le liquide primaire des radiateurs.It is this part 92 which is connected to the line 12 which brings the primary liquid from the radiators.
Le fonctionnement du clapet l'obturateur 91 est le même que celui décrit précédemment, ce clapet pouvant sélectivement occuper une position haute dans laquelle il obture le corps tubulaire 93 ou une position basse dans laquelle il obture l'ouverture supérieure de la cheminée CSj.The operation of the shutter valve 91 is the same as that described above, this valve being able to selectively occupy a high position in which it closes the tubular body 93 or a low position in which it closes the upper opening of the chimney CSj.
L'intérêt de cette construction est que l'ensemble des parties saillantes se trouvent du même côté de l'échangeur, en l'occurrence du côté de la face supérieure, ce qui présente de l'intérêt pour certaines installations dans lesquelles l'échangeur est accessible seulement d'un côté.The advantage of this construction is that all of the projecting parts are on the same side of the exchanger, in this case on the side of the upper face, which is of interest for certain installations in which the exchanger is accessible only from one side.
Il est bien entendu possible de doter ce mode de réalisation d'une tubulure en "T" intégrée similaire à celle du deuxième mode de réalisation.It is of course possible to provide this embodiment with an integrated "T" tube similar to that of the second embodiment.
Le cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention, qui est illustré sur les figures 25 à 28, se distingue essentiellement du précédent, par le fait que le corps de la vanne, référencée 9', s'étend non pas axialement mais transversalement par rapport à son raccord tubulaire, référencé 93'.The fifth embodiment of the invention, which is illustrated in FIGS. 25 to 28, differs essentially from the previous one, in that the body of the valve, referenced 9 ', extends not axially but transversely with respect to to its tubular connection, referenced 93 '.
Ce dernier est un manchon cylindrique vissé coaxialement dans l'embouchure 60. Son extrémité opposée 96' est destinée à être branchée sur la conduite 12. Le clapet possède un piston 95' constitué par une tige plateThe latter is a cylindrical sleeve screwed coaxially into the mouth 60. Its opposite end 96 ′ is intended to be connected to the pipe 12. The valve has a piston 95 ′ constituted by a flat rod
(membrure) guidée en translation par ses bords longitudinaux dans des rainures longitudinales formées dans la paroi intérieure du tube 93'. A la base de la tige plate 95' est fixé un clapet en forme de rondelle 91 ', susceptible d'obturer sélectivement, comme dans les modes de réalisation précédents, soit l'ouverture supérieure de la cheminée CSj., soit la base du tube 93'. Le corps de clapet 9', disposé à angle droit par rapport au raccord tubulaire 93', est un actuateur apte à provoquer le pivotement d'une tige de commande 90' autour de son propre axe.(member) guided in translation by its longitudinal edges in grooves longitudinal formed in the inner wall of the tube 93 '. At the base of the flat rod 95 ′ is fixed a valve in the form of a washer 91 ′, capable of selectively closing, as in the previous embodiments, the upper opening of the chimney CSj . , or the base of the tube 93 '. The valve body 9 ', arranged at right angles to the tubular connection 93', is an actuator capable of causing the pivoting of a control rod 90 'around its own axis.
La partie d'extrémité libre de la tige 90' est doublement coudée, de manière à former un tronçon de manivelle 900', qui est situé dans la partie centrale du tube 93', et pénètre dans une lumière 94' ménagée dans la tige de piston plate 95'.The free end part of the rod 90 ′ is bent twice, so as to form a crank section 900 ′, which is located in the central part of the tube 93 ′, and enters a lumen 94 ′ formed in the rod flat piston 95 '.
Cette lumière est un trou allongé, perpendiculaire à l'axe du piston. La tige 90' peut pivoter sur un angle de l'ordre de 120°, provoquant ainsi l'abaissement ou la remontée du piston 95', et par conséquent du clapet obturateur 91 '.This light is an elongated hole, perpendicular to the axis of the piston. The rod 90 'can pivot by an angle of the order of 120 °, thereby causing the piston 95', and therefore the shutter valve 91 'to be lowered or raised.
La liaison en forme de lumière 94' autorise le débattement transversal de l'extrémité de tige 900' lors de son pivotement.The light-shaped connection 94 ′ authorizes the transverse movement of the rod end 900 ′ during its pivoting.
Bien entendu, la tige de piston plate (membrure) 95' ne contrarie pas le passage du fluide primaire de la tuyauterie 12 vers l'espace de canal 600, lorsque le clapet se trouve en position basse.Of course, the flat piston rod (frame) 95 'does not obstruct the passage of the primary fluid from the piping 12 to the channel space 600, when the valve is in the low position.
On notera par ailleurs que cette membrure 95' est disposée parallèlement à la direction longitudinale du canal 6, ce qui permet de limiter la perte de charge dans l'écoulement du fluide primaire lorsqu'il s'écoule du tube 93' vers l'embouchure 61 via l'espace 600. Grâce à cet agencement, il est possible de prévoir une orientation dans la même direction de l'ensemble des tuyauteries branchées sur l'échangeur, perpendiculairement aux plaques de l'échangeur.Note also that this member 95 'is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the channel 6, which limits the pressure drop in the flow of primary fluid when it flows from the tube 93' to the mouth 61 via space 600. Thanks to this arrangement, it is possible to provide an orientation in the same direction of all the pipes connected to the exchanger, perpendicular to the plates of the exchanger.
Il va de soi que ce mode de réalisation peut également être pourvu d'une tubulure en "T" intégrée, comme le deuxième ou le troisième mode de réalisation.It goes without saying that this embodiment can also be provided with an integrated "T" tube, like the second or the third embodiment.
L'organe de manoeuvre de la tige 90' est par exemple un électroaimant ou un motoréducteur électrique, à axe rotatif.The actuator of the rod 90 ′ is for example an electromagnet or an electric geared motor, with a rotary axis.
La vanne intégrée pourrait être placée du côté de l'entrée du fluide primaire dans l'échangeur et, au contraire, la tubulure en "T" (intégrée ou non) pourrait être positionnée de l'autre côté, en sortie d' échangeur, selon une disposition similaire à celle illustrée sur la figure 1 du document FR-A-2 719 101 déjà cité.The integrated valve could be placed on the side of the entry of the primary fluid into the exchanger and, on the contrary, the "T" tubing (integrated or not) could be positioned on the other side, at the outlet of the exchanger, according to one arrangement similar to that illustrated in FIG. 1 of document FR-A-2 719 101 already cited.
A noter que, quel que soit le mode de réalisation concerné, on pourrait prévoir un clapet dont le basculement de position d'obturation à l'autre s'opère non pas instantanément, mais avec une certaine lenteur (quelques secondes par exemple), de manière à éviter les chocs thermiques dans l'échangeur.It should be noted that, whatever the embodiment concerned, a valve could be provided whose tilting from shutter position to the other takes place not instantaneously, but with a certain slowness (a few seconds for example), of so as to avoid thermal shock in the exchanger.
Il est également possible de prévoir une fermeture incomplète de l'organe obturateur lorsqu'il se trouve en position basse correspondant à la mise en oeuvre du chauffage uniquement (pas de puisage sanitaire). Ainsi, une certaine partie du fluide primaire est autorisée à traverser l'échangeur, de manière à maintenir un chauffage permanent des plaques.It is also possible to provide for an incomplete closure of the shutter member when it is in the low position corresponding to the use of heating only (no sanitary drawing). Thus, a certain part of the primary fluid is authorized to pass through the exchanger, so as to maintain permanent heating of the plates.
Grâce à cet agencement, lorsqu'il y a une demande d'eau sanitaire, on obtient une fourniture très rapide d'eau chaude, puisque l'échangeur est constamment maintenu préchauffé. Ceci peut être obtenu de différentes manières, par exemple en prévoyant des petits trous au bord de l'ouverture supérieure de la cheminée CSi, qui ne sont pas recouverts par le disque obturateur, même lorsqu'il se trouve en position basse.Thanks to this arrangement, when there is a demand for sanitary water, a very rapid supply of hot water is obtained, since the exchanger is constantly kept preheated. This can be achieved in different ways, for example by providing small holes at the edge of the upper opening of the chimney CSi, which are not covered by the shutter disc, even when it is in the low position.
Bien que l'objet de la présente invention ait été décrit dans une application particulière, il va de soi qu'un tel échangeur peut être utilisé dans différentes applications et pour des fluides variés (liquide et/ou gaz), en particulier dans des processus industriels variés et dans le domaine de l'équipement automobile. Although the object of the present invention has been described in a particular application, it goes without saying that such an exchanger can be used in different applications and for various fluids (liquid and / or gas), in particular in processes. various industries and in the field of automotive equipment.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Echangeur thermique à plaques parallèles superposées délimitant deux enceintes d'échange thermique parcourues l'une par un fluide primaire et l'autre par un fluide secondaire circulant sous forme de couches minces alternées, l'entrée et la sortie de chaque fluide se faisant par une paire d'embouchures, dites principales, ménagées dans une plaque d'extrémité, via des cheminées d'entrée et de sortie traversant les plaques internes et communiquant avec les espaces interstitiels constitutifs de l'enceinte correspondante, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte une vanne à trois voies pour la distribution du fluide primaire, qui est intégrée à l'échangeur, dont l'une des voies est constituée par l'une (61) de deux embouchures principales (30, 61) dans laquelle passe le fluide primaire, l'autre par l'ouverture (62) de la cheminée de l'enceinte primaire adjacente à cette embouchure, et la troisième par une embouchure annexe (60) formée dans la même plaque d'extrémité (300) que ladite embouchure principale (61), et disposée à proximité de ladite ouverture de cheminée (62), un canal (6) embouti dans cette plaque (300) faisant communiquer ces deux embouchures (60, 61), cette vanne comportant un clapet apte à obturer sélectivement soit ladite ouverture de cheminée (62), soit ladite embouchure annexe (60). 1. Heat exchanger with superimposed parallel plates delimiting two heat exchange chambers, one traversed by a primary fluid and the other by a secondary fluid circulating in the form of alternating thin layers, the inlet and outlet of each fluid being made by a pair of orifices, said main, formed in an end plate via inlet and outlet chimneys passing through the internal plates and communicating with the constituent interstitial spaces of the corresponding enclosure, characterized in that it comprises a three-way valve for the distribution of the primary fluid, which is integrated into the exchanger, one of the ways of which consists of one (61) of two main mouths (30, 61) through which the primary fluid, the other by the opening (62) of the chimney of the primary enclosure adjacent to this mouth, and the third by an annex mouth (60) formed in the same extension plate remitted (300) as said main mouth (61), and disposed near said chimney opening (62), a channel (6) stamped in this plate (300) making these two mouths (60, 61) communicate, this valve comprising a valve capable of selectively closing either said chimney opening (62) or said annex mouth (60).
2. Echangeur selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé par le fait que ladite embouchure annexe (60) est disposée coaxialement en regard de ladite ouverture de cheminée (62) et que ledit clapet (71, 91) consiste en un piston discoïde mobile en translation suivant l'axe commun à l'embouchure annexe (60) à l'ouverture (62). 2. Exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that said annex mouth (60) is arranged coaxially opposite said chimney opening (62) and that said valve (71, 91) consists of a discoid piston movable in following translation the axis common to the annex mouth (60) to the opening (62).
3. Echangeur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un moyen de commande (7, 9, 9') électrique ou hydraulique du piston (71 , 91, 91 ').3. Exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises an electric or hydraulic control means (7, 9, 9 ') of the piston (71, 91, 91').
4. Echangeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que ledit moyen de commande (7) est fixé à la plaque d'extrémité (301) opposée à la plaque d'extrémité (300) dans laquelle sont formées les embouchures principale (61) et annexe (60), la tige (70) du piston (71) traversant coaxialement la cheminée.4. Exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that said control means (7) is fixed to the end plate (301) opposite to the end plate (300) in which the main mouths are formed (61 ) and annex (60), the rod (70) of the piston (71) passing coaxially through the chimney.
5. Echangeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que ledit moyen de commande (9, 9') est fixé à la plaque d'extrémité (300) dans laquelle sont formées les embouchures principales (61) et annexe (60), la tige (90, 95') du piston (91, 91 ') traversant coaxialement un raccord tubulaire monté dans ladite embouchure annexe (60). 5. Exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that said control means (9, 9 ') is fixed to the end plate (300) in which the main mouths (61) and annex (60) are formed, the rod (90, 95 ') of the piston (91, 91') passing coaxially through a tubular connection mounted in said annex mouth (60).
6. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'autre embouchure principale (30) est également associée une embouchure annexe (36) qui est formée dans la même plaque d'extrémité qu'elle, et qui communique avec elle par un canal (35) embouti dans cette dernière. 6. Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the other main mouth (30) is also associated an annex mouth (36) which is formed in the same end plate as , and which communicates with it by a channel (35) stamped in the latter.
7. Echangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6. caractérisé par le fait que ladite vanne à trois voies est située en sortie de l'enceinte primaire.7. Exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6. characterized in that said three-way valve is located at the outlet of the primary enclosure.
8. Installation mixte de distribution domestique d'eau chaude comprenant un circuit primaire de chauffage central (I) et un circuit secondaire (II) de puisage sanitaire, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est équipée d'un échangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, branché en parallèle sur les radiateurs (100) du chauffage central, l'eau du chauffage central, fourni par une chaudière (1), constituant ledit fluide primaire, et l'eau de puisage sanitaire constituant ledit fluide secondaire. 8. Mixed installation for domestic hot water distribution comprising a primary central heating circuit (I) and a secondary circuit (II) of domestic water drawing, characterized in that it is equipped with an exchanger conforming to one of the preceding claims, connected in parallel to the radiators (100) of the central heating, the water of the central heating, supplied by a boiler (1), constituting said primary fluid, and the sanitary tap water constituting said secondary fluid.
EP99961168A 1999-02-24 1999-12-24 Plate heat exchanger with an integrated valve Expired - Lifetime EP1155271B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9902480 1999-02-24
FR9902480A FR2790073B1 (en) 1999-02-24 1999-02-24 PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER, WITH INTEGRATED VALVE
PCT/FR1999/003281 WO2000050832A1 (en) 1999-02-24 1999-12-24 Plate heat exchanger with an integrated valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1155271A1 true EP1155271A1 (en) 2001-11-21
EP1155271B1 EP1155271B1 (en) 2005-04-06

Family

ID=9542631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99961168A Expired - Lifetime EP1155271B1 (en) 1999-02-24 1999-12-24 Plate heat exchanger with an integrated valve

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1155271B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE292778T1 (en)
AU (1) AU1786700A (en)
DE (1) DE69924647T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2241348T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2790073B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1155271E (en)
WO (1) WO2000050832A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1850082A1 (en) * 2006-04-24 2007-10-31 Sundsvall Energi AB Heat exchanger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1411311A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-04-21 Jean Luc Deloy Heating device comprising a heat exchanger system
DE102004004975B4 (en) * 2004-01-31 2015-04-23 Modine Manufacturing Co. Plate heat exchangers
DE102004020295C5 (en) * 2004-04-26 2012-05-31 Danfoss A/S heat exchangers
DE102008051091B3 (en) 2008-10-09 2010-06-10 Bleckmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Plate heat exchanger and an arrangement of such and a fluid heating
IT1397911B1 (en) * 2010-01-28 2013-02-04 Alfa Laval Corp Ab REFRIGERANT FLUID DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN A THERMAL EXCHANGE DEVICE
CN106711533B (en) * 2015-07-17 2019-08-27 浙江三花汽车零部件有限公司 Heat-exchange device
CN110429358B (en) * 2015-07-16 2023-05-09 浙江三花汽车零部件有限公司 Heat exchange device
EP3327397B1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2022-09-07 Zhejiang Sanhua Automotive Components Co., Ltd. Heat exchange device
CN109599621A (en) 2017-09-30 2019-04-09 浙江三花汽车零部件有限公司 Coldplate integrated package and battery component

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DE3923936C2 (en) * 1989-07-19 1996-07-11 Laengerer & Reich Kuehler Heat exchangers, especially oil coolers
IT1271978B (en) * 1993-03-05 1997-06-10 Giannoni Srl PLATE EXCHANGER GROUP CONTROL DEVICE AND RELATED EXCHANGER.
FR2719101B1 (en) 1994-04-25 1996-06-28 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Improvements to electrically operated three-way valves.
SE9502189D0 (en) 1995-06-16 1995-06-16 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance plate heat exchangers

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Title
See references of WO0050832A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1850082A1 (en) * 2006-04-24 2007-10-31 Sundsvall Energi AB Heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69924647T2 (en) 2006-05-04
DE69924647D1 (en) 2005-05-12
AU1786700A (en) 2000-09-14
EP1155271B1 (en) 2005-04-06
PT1155271E (en) 2005-07-29
FR2790073A1 (en) 2000-08-25
ATE292778T1 (en) 2005-04-15
FR2790073B1 (en) 2001-06-08
WO2000050832A1 (en) 2000-08-31
ES2241348T3 (en) 2005-10-16

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