EP1033530A2 - Lamp with multiple spectral characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

The lighting unit has an electrical light bulb (7) set into a main reflector (3) the top of which is open. Light is directed by ceiling elements (15) onto a pair of colored mirrors (17). The colored light is directed as secondary light through distributor panels (21)

Description

The invention relates to luminaires with which light with different spectral properties can be delivered.

For lighting tasks, it is often desirable to work in different areas of the room Light of different colors or general light with different spectral characteristics to use or to mix light with different spectral characteristics, to produce a desired spectral characteristic, for example to block daylight simulate.

A simple, well known way is to have one in different colors to place the colored shade of the lamp. Because of the usually diffuse scattering properties Such umbrellas can be lighting tasks that relate to the geometric The radiation pattern of the individual color components arrives, so that it is difficult or impossible to solve. In addition, the light losses in such screens are disadvantageous.

Also known are lights or headlights with different color characteristics to use. Although this allows precise illumination in the sense of the task at hand, however, is complex. The arrangement which is usually closely spaced in such solutions Of lights or headlights is often not desirable for aesthetic reasons.

It is the object of the invention to provide a lamp with which light can be used different color characteristics can be given, in which the geometric radiation characteristic can be set independently for each color component and which can be easily can be realized in an aesthetically pleasing manner.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a lamp with a lamp and Device which divides the light emitted by the lamp into at least two separate ones Splits beam bundles, which are each guided according to different beam paths, a wavelength-selective element being present at least in a first beam path is which gives color or changes color, while at least in another, second beam path no such element or an element with other wavelength selective Properties is in place so that the light coming from the lamp over the first Beam path is emitted, is different in color from the light that passes through the second Beam path is emitted.

According to the invention, at least two beams are spatially separated and in the Usually through different beam-directing elements in spatially separated beam paths headed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the lamp can be white light or, more generally spoken, emit light with multiple spectral components by appropriate means (Spectral decomposition, absorption, etc.) can be separated.

The wavelength selective element can be a wavelength selective absorbing element such as a transmission filter. However, a colored reflector element is preferred, the color can be painted or anodized. The wavelength selective Element can also be a selectively emitting element, and in particular a fluorescent element Have material that by irradiating preferably white light to a Fluorescence emission is excited with a certain color. A wavelength selectivity can also be caused by light refraction, for example by means of prisms, or by light diffraction, for example by means of diffraction gratings or holograms. The coloring or color change does not have to be uniform. For example, multi-colored mirrors or filters are used or the spectral decomposition properties of prisms or Grids are used.

The invention can be applied in particular to a lamp which has a main reflector has, in which the lamp is arranged and which has a light exit opening Luminaire specifies the light emitted by the lamp essentially directly becomes. Here, the lamp can have a secondary reflector on which part of the light the lamp is irradiated and which reflects this light.

Depending on the desired radiation pattern, the secondary mirror can expand the beam or have a beam-narrowing effect and are accordingly concave or convex. For Improvement of the light control properties can in particular also be provided that a prism or other light-directing element is present in one of the beam paths which is e.g. All or part of the light in this beam path leads to the ceiling.

It can be provided that in the beam path, which includes the secondary reflector Wavelength-selective element is provided while in the beam path from the lamp there is no wavelength-selective element for said first light exit opening is.

In particular, it can be provided that the luminous flux portion of the secondary reflector emitted light is smaller than that of the directly emitted light. This can the impression of a colored, preferably transparent background are generated.

In general, one becomes familiar with room lighting, especially with regard to the relevant Nuns who determine the color of the light to be used for lighting and restrict the luminous flux fraction of the uncolored light, i.e. the light as it is from the Lamp emitted, choose significantly larger than that of colored light, so that the actual Illumination is caused by the undyed light and the colored light essentially Color accents without contributing significantly to the lighting.

According to a preferred embodiment, the lamp has a diffuser element in the first beam path, which equalizes differences in intensity of the light irradiated thereon and this in particular in the beam path having the secondary reflector can be provided.

This diffuser element is in use for a user directly or indirectly, e.g. by Reflection, visible. It causes the user to have a uniformly luminous surface without Perceives contours or contrasts so that the light is essentially from the infinite seems to come and accordingly the viewer's eyes focus on a point in the Focus infinite (optical depth effect).

The diffuser element can, in particular, be at least partially transparent from behind Illuminated element that makes it impossible to resolve details behind this element. A similar effect can, however, also be seen through a transparent one, from the observer's direction front and back-lit element can be achieved that makes it impossible to get details dissolve behind this element, for example by a partially transparent reflective Element that is preferably used simultaneously as a secondary reflector in the above Arrangement can be used. However, this effect can also be spatially homogeneous transmission or reflection can be achieved, e.g. by the use of extremely diffuse reflective colors and avoiding shadows and shadows Contours in the area in question. In any case, a user essentially sees one Contour-free illuminated or luminous surface.

According to a preferred embodiment, the diffuser element also has a color-providing one Effect and consists for example of a diffusely scattering, colored, at least partially translucent pane or a colored, diffusely scattering reflector.

According to the invention, the angular range into which light is emitted via the first beam path with the area into which light is emitted via the second beam path, overlap in whole or in part. With a partial overlap, a soft light transition can be achieved between different areas. By an identical overlap the angular ranges can have spectral properties by mixing the differently colored light components of the emitted light regardless of the properties of the lamp and be varied.

In particular for the purposes of optical marking, however, it can also be provided that the angular range in which light is emitted via the first beam path essentially from the area into which light is emitted via the second beam path, is different.

The lamp according to the invention can be set up so that the spectral properties of the light emitted via the first beam path as a function of an angle of radiation, which lies in a plane perpendicular to the luminaire axis vary. However, it can also be provided be that the spectral properties are dependent on an angle that is in a Level parallel to the luminaire axis vary, so that for example a user who is moves in the room on the floor, sees different colored light in different places.

According to a preferred embodiment, a prismatic plate is used to color To direct light in a given direction so that it is in a given area and is emitted with a predetermined critical angle. This embodiment has the Advantage that the optical depth effect and the light control from the same element become. Of course, it is also possible to control the light by a separate one Element, for example a single prism or a prism ring, and the optical Depth effect through a second element, for example a transparent scattering Foil to bring about.

Instead of prisms, other light-directing elements, such as lenses or mirrors, can also be used are, these elements, similar to a prismatic plate, in the form of a Microstructuring can be implemented, for example by a plate, the a surface is formed by closely spaced microlenses or one Mirror with bulges close to each other. Likewise, for light control light diffractive elements such as holograms or diffraction gratings are also used, that already have a microstructuring inherently and accordingly at the same time provide light control and an optical depth effect.

While according to a preferred embodiment, the optical depth effect and the Light control can be effected by one element and the coloring by another element, for example a colored reflector, can be according to another embodiment also be provided that all three functions by a single element, for example a Prism, a diffraction grating or a microstructured colored reflector.

According to one embodiment, one element, in particular one, is in one of the beam paths Prism, which has a light-guiding and wavelength-selective function at the same time met in the beam path.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the color components, which are caused by a wavelength selective Element generated by a user or by an external Control can be changed or blocked. In the simplest case, for example, is an aperture to hide light passing through the wavelength selective element and thus switching the additionally emitted colored light on or off. According to another Embodiment, the wavelength selective element is set up so that its selection properties and thus change the color of the light it emits can. A simple possibility of implementation is, for example, a turret unit with different filters that can be rotated into the beam path. Likewise, the color of the emitted by rotating a wavelength-selectively arranged prism Change light, with deviations in the beam direction possibly by a downstream rotatable mirror can be corrected. In this way, the change the colored lighting of the room over time. In particular, it is also possible the spectral distribution of the light emitted into the room as a function of time change and thereby e.g. the change in the spectral composition of natural daylight to reproduce with the time of day.

The lamp according to the invention can be implemented in a wide variety of applications be, for example, as a recessed light, surface-mounted light or pendant light.

The invention opens up new possibilities for room lighting. In particular it is possible to a much larger extent than before and with much simpler Use targeted means of colored light to stimulate a viewer or even just simply convey a subjectively more pleasant feeling of light than with hard white light. With the lamp according to the invention, soft light-dark transitions, in particular at the cut-off limit. The spectral components of the emitted light can can be adjusted in a controlled manner to make the viewer a subjectively more pleasant Convey feeling.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Schnittansicht senkrecht zur Lampenachse,

Fig. 2

zeigt schematisch die Winkelverteilung von farbigem Licht bzw. weißem Licht bei einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

zeigt, ähnlich wie Fig. 2, die Winkelverteilung von farbigem Licht bzw. weißem Licht bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

Fig. 4

zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Schnittansicht senkrecht zur Lampenachse,

Fig. 5

zeigt eine dritte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Schnittansicht senkrecht zur Lampenachse,

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of special embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

shows a first embodiment of a lamp according to the invention in a sectional view perpendicular to the lamp axis,

Fig. 2

shows schematically the angular distribution of colored light or white light in a particular embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 3

shows, similar to Fig. 2, the angular distribution of colored light or white light in a further embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4

shows a second embodiment of a lamp according to the invention in a sectional view perpendicular to the lamp axis,

Fig. 5

shows a third embodiment of a lamp according to the invention in a sectional view perpendicular to the lamp axis,

1 shows a recessed ceiling light as an exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is generally designated 1 and which has a main reflector 3 which defines a light exit opening 5, via which a first part of the light of a lamp 7, the emits white light, is emitted essentially directly downwards, the edge of the Main reflector 3 defines the maximum radiation angle to the vertical and thus one Glare limitation causes. In a conventional manner there are 3 raster elements in the main reflector 9 arranged substantially perpendicular to the lamp axis, which is also the Serve to limit glare.

Above the main reflector 3 is a lamp housing 11 with an essentially diffuse Scattering wall 12 is provided, in which a second light outlet opening 13 of the Main reflector 3 irradiated a second portion of the light emitted by the lamp 7 becomes. The light emitted by the lamp 7 first falls on a roof reflector 15 and is reflected from there to colored additional mirrors 17a and 17b, which on both sides of the Main reflector 15 are provided and which the light to two further light exit openings 19a and 19b reflect. This appears because of the color of the mirrors 17a and 17b light emerging through the light exit openings 19a and 19b in color.

In the light exit openings 19a and 19b are prismatic plates as light-directing elements 21a and 21b, which has a prism structure on one or both surfaces, the light that is incident or exiting from them in a given direction directs. With a one-sided prism structure, the surface with the prism structure facing or away from the housing 11. Both are exemplified in Fig. 1 with reference to the prism plates 21a and 21b.

The two prism plates 21a and 21b can have different light-directing properties have, so that overall an asymmetrical emission of colored light is achieved becomes. Likewise, the mirrors 17a and 17b can also be colored differently and / or each have different, differently colored areas. Is a symmetrical one If you want to distribute the colored light, you will need the two prism covers Orientate 21a and 21b in the same way and otherwise the light-directing ones Properties as well as the properties of the coloring elements, e.g. the reflectors 17a and 17b, choose symmetrical.

In the embodiment shown, not only come as coloring elements Mirrors 17a and 17b into consideration, but in particular also the prism plates 21a and 21b, which, optionally in conjunction with beam-limiting elements, such as diaphragms or the like, select a certain wavelength or a certain wavelength range can. Coloring can also be done by refraction instead of light refraction, as with prisms Diffraction of light, for example by a grating, a hologram or the like, can be achieved. Likewise, in the beam path of the indirectly emitted light, additionally or alternatively a colored filter can be provided for the colored mirrors 17a and 17b. Finally can also be provided that in the beam path, especially above the prismatic plates 21a or 21b, a fluorescent element is present, which by white light is excited to fluorescence and thereby emits colored light.

From the construction of Fig. 1 it can be seen that the direction of radiation of the white Light, which is emitted by the lamp 7 via the reflector opening 5, independently on the direction of radiation of the colored light, which passes through the light exit openings 19a and 19b is released, set and limited. In particular, the corresponding Radiation areas, as shown schematically in FIG. 2, are set up in such a way that an observer sees white light in an angular range β and in this angular range subsequent angular range α sees colored light. The angular range β correspond to a work area that is to be brightly illuminated while the Light emission in the angular range α of the general background lighting or Color accents are used. The reverse constellation is also possible, as in FIG. 3 is shown, i.e. colored light turns into an angular range α adjoining the vertical emitted and at the subsequent angular range up to the horizontal becomes white Emitted light. The angular ranges α and β can, of course, like the lighting task requires to be set differently, as is also shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Instead of two areas, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, three or more areas can also be provided be, in each of which light with different spectral properties is emitted; as well the light emitted in the angular range β can be colored and a different color than that have light emitted in the angular range α.

While in FIGS. 2 and 3 the angular ranges α and β are delimited as clear for the sake of clarity Angular ranges are shown, which also applies to applications in which the white or colored light for marking purposes, for example around a certain area of the room to delimit optically, it makes sense to use the areas α and β overlap so that there is a soft optical transition between the areas. The areas α and β can also overlap completely to achieve a specific spectral characteristic, for example to simulate daylight.

The prism plates 21a and 21b have, in addition to their light-directing and optionally also coloring function also the further function of creating an optical depth effect, i.e. an observer looking at the light exit openings 19a and 19b takes the end the luminaire housing, in particular the wall 12, is not true, but only sees a uniform one luminous surface apparently without any vertical limit. This has the physiological beneficial effect that the viewer's eyes focus on one point in infinity focus and therefore the eye muscles when guarding these light exit openings relax. This is a similar effect to when a guard is in the sky looks. This effect of the prismatic discs 21a and 21b, on the one hand, to shine transparently, on the other hand, making all the contours behind it disappear can also be done with others Funds can be achieved. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the prism plates 21a and 21b are replaced by diffusely scattering translucent plates 31a and 31b, wherein the function of light control and the limitation of the beam angle in this embodiment through the reflectors 12, 15, 17a and 17b and the edge 33 of the lamp housing is fulfilled.

Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention in an application in the form of a Hanging lamp. In this embodiment, a main reflector 51 is again provided is accommodated in a lamp housing 53 and a lower light outlet opening 55 and has an upper light exit opening 57. There is one in the main reflector 51 lamp 58 emitting white light. In the lower light outlet opening are again known Raster elements 59 are provided to limit glare. The upper light outlet 57 is wholly or partly of a translucent coloring element 61 closed, for example a filter that blocks the light passing through it certain color colors. The light emitted upwards through the opening 57 is from a reflective sail 63 thrown back down. The sail is preferably 63 homogeneously diffusely reflective, possibly also partially transparent, so that here too again the optical depth effect described above occurs that the user to one the objects located above the sail 63 are covered and he on the other hand has the impression that the reflected light comes from the infinite from above. The light-guiding properties of the luminaire with regard to colored light are in this Case primarily determined by the reflective sail 63, the shape of the top Light exit opening 57 and possibly also the shape of the lamp housing 53 contribute to limiting the beam of colored light.

In addition or as an alternative to the coloring elements 61, a colored sail can also be used 63 can be used. It can also be provided that the sail 63 in areas which reflect in different areas, is colored differently.

Within the scope of the invention, with regard to the exemplary embodiments described above numerous modifications or changes can be envisaged. For example the properties of the light control, the coloring and the generation of the preceding described optical depth effect by a single element, for example a Prism or a diffraction grating can be reached. However, the various functions can perceived individually or in sub-combination by different elements become. Furthermore, the coloring elements can also perform a complete spectral decomposition cause so that the color changes continuously depending on an angle. This angle can in particular be an angle in a plane which is the vertical Axis includes. However, it can also be an angle that is perpendicular to the plane Vertical lies, so that a viewer walking in a circle around the lamp is there sees different colors in different positions. During previous embodiments have been described with a single lamp, the invention is not thereupon limited and also includes multi-lamp embodiments.

Those disclosed in the foregoing description, claims and drawings Features of the invention can be used both individually and in any combination Realization of the invention in its various embodiments may be essential.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1

Recessed ceiling light

3rd

Main reflector

5

Light exit opening

7

lamp

9

Grid element

11

Luminaire housing

12th

Wall of the lamp housing

13

Light exit opening

15

Roof reflector

17a, 17b

mirror

19a, 19b

Light exit opening

21a, 21b,

Prism plate

31a, 31b

Translucent plate

33

Edge of the lamp housing

51

Main reflector

53

Luminaire housing

55

Light exit opening

57

Light exit opening

58

lamp

59

Grid element

61

Coloring element

63

Reflective sail

α, β

Beam angle

Claims (12)

Luminaire with a lamp (7; 58) and a device (3; 51) which the lamp emits light into at least two separate beams, each corresponding Different beam paths are directed, at least in a first beam path a wavelength-selective element (17a; 17b; 61) is present, which is coloring or has a color-changing effect, while at least in a second beam path none of these Element or element with other wavelength selective properties is present so that the light emitted by the lamp through the first beam path is colored is different from the light that is emitted via the second beam path. Luminaire according to claim 1, characterized by a main reflector (3; 51) in which the Lamp (7; 58) is arranged and which defines a light exit opening (5; 55) of the lamp, via which light the lamp is emitted essentially directly. Luminaire according to claim 2, characterized in that part of the light from the lamp (7; 57) radiated onto a secondary reflector (12, 15, 17a, 17b; 63) and reflected by it in the beam path that includes the secondary reflector (12, 15, 17a, 17b; 63), a wavelength-selective element (17a, 17b; 61) is provided, while in the Beam path from the lamp to said first light exit opening (5; 55) is not a wavelength selective Element exists. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a diffuser element (21a, 21b; 31a, 31b; 63) in the first beam path, which differs in intensity from thereon incident light evened out. Luminaire according to claim 4, characterized in that the diffuser element (21a, 21b; 31a, 31b; 63) is at least partially transparent. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angular range (α), into which light is emitted via the first beam path, with the area (β), in the light is emitted via the second beam path, completely or partially overlapping. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the angular range (α), into which light is emitted via the first beam path, essentially from the area (β) into which light is emitted via the second beam path differs is. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spectral properties of the light emitted via the first beam path as a function of one Beam angle that lies in a plane perpendicular to the luminaire axis vary. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in one of the An element is provided which is simultaneously a light-directing and wavelength-selective Function in the beam path fulfilled. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by a device for selectively blocking a beam path which contains a wavelength-selective element. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the selection properties of the wave-selective element are changeable. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the second Beam path light with essentially the spectral properties of the lamp (7; 58) and colored light is emitted via the first beam path, the luminous flux component of the second beam path is larger than that of the first beam path.

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