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EP1023422B1 - Composition de detergent - Google Patents

Composition de detergent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1023422B1
EP1023422B1 EP97913695A EP97913695A EP1023422B1 EP 1023422 B1 EP1023422 B1 EP 1023422B1 EP 97913695 A EP97913695 A EP 97913695A EP 97913695 A EP97913695 A EP 97913695A EP 1023422 B1 EP1023422 B1 EP 1023422B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
integer
alkyl
carbon atoms
acid
detergent composition
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EP97913695A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1023422A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Andrej Kvietok
Gabor Heltovics
Francisco Ramon Figueroa
Michael Alan John Moss
Rinko Katsuda
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to detergent compositions comprising anionic mid-branched surfactant compounds and a bleaching system comprising a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic bleach precursor.
  • the compositions are particularly useful as solid laundry detergent compositions.
  • mid-chain branched surfactants are excellent surfactants, in particular for use in laundry products, especially under cool or cold water washing conditions even as low as 20°C-5°C. It has also been found that combination of two or more of these mid-chain branched surfactants can provide a surfactant mixture that is even higher in surfactancy and has better low temperature water solubility.
  • a component traditionally present in most detergents is a bleach.
  • Various bleaching systems have been developed over the past decades, such as bleaching systems, based on organic peroxyacids.
  • the organic peroxyacids are often obtained by the in situ perhydrolysis of organic peroxyacid bleach precursor compounds (bleach activators).
  • mid-chain branched surfactants are very bleach compatible. Furthermore, it has been found that detergent compositions comprising these mid-chain branched surfactants and a mixed bleaching system, comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic bleach precursors, an excellent bleaching and cleaning performance is achieved, even when low amounts of bleach are used. It has surprisingly been found that both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, bleachable and non-bleachable stains and soils are more effectively removed.
  • the invention relates to detergent compositions comprising
  • the detergent compositions of the invention comprise at least 0.5%, preferably at least 5%, more preferably at least 10% by weight of the composition of a surfactant system, comprising longer alkyl chain, mid-chain branched surfactant compounds, selected from the group consisting of surfactant compounds having the formula as defined above.
  • Preferred surfactant systems herein comprise longer alkyl chain, mid-chain branched surfactant compounds of the above formula wherein the A b moiety is a branched primary alkyl moiety having the formula: wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moiety of this formula (including the R, R 1 , and R 2 branching) is from 13 to 19; R, R 1 , and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 -C 3 alkyl (preferably methyl), provided R, R 1 , and R 2 are not all hydrogen and, when z is 0, at least R or R 1 is not hydrogen; w is an integer from 0 to 13; x is an integer from 0 to 13; y is an integer from 0 to 13; z is an integer from 0 to 13; and w + X + y + z is from 7 to 13.
  • mid-chain branched surfactant compounds of the surfactant system certain points of branching (e.g., the location along the chain of the R, R 1 , and/or R 2 moieties in the above formula) are preferred over other points of branching along the backbone of the surfactant.
  • the formula below illustrates the mid-chain branching range (i.e., where points of branching occur), preferred mid-chain branching range, and more preferred mid-chain branching range for mono-methyl branched alkyl A b moieties useful according to the present invention. It should be noted that for the mono-methyl substituted surfactants these ranges exclude the two terminal carbon atoms of the chain and the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the -X - B group.
  • surfactant compounds wherein in the above formula the A b moiety does not have any quaternary substituted carbon atoms (i.e., 4 carbon atoms directly attached to one carbon atom).
  • mid-chain branched surfactants compounds for use in the detergent compositions herein are mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfonate and, even more preferably, sulfate surfactants. It should be understood that for the purpose of the invention, it may be preferred that the surfactant system comprises a mixture of two or more mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate or sulphonate surfactants.
  • Preferred mid-chain branched primary alkyl_sulfate surfactants are of the formula
  • These surfactants have a linear primary alkyl sulfate chain backbone (i.e., the longest linear carbon chain which includes the sulfated carbon atom) which preferably comprises from 12 to 19 carbon atoms and their branched primary alkyl moieties comprise preferably a total of at least 14 and preferably no more than 20, carbon atoms.
  • the average total number of carbon atoms for the branched primary alkyl moieties is preferably within the range of from greater than 14.5 to 17.5.
  • the surfactant system preferably comprises at least one branched primary alkyl sulfate surfactant compound having a longest linear carbon chain of not less than 12 carbon atoms or not more than 19 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms including branching must be at least 14, and further the average total number of carbon atoms for the branched primary alkyl moiety is within the range of greater than 14.5 to 17.5.
  • R, R 1 , and R 2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C 1 -C 3 alkyl group (preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl, and most preferably methyl), provided R, R 1 , and R 2 are not all hydrogen. Further, when z is 1, at least R or R 1 is not hydrogen.
  • M is hydrogen or a salt forming cation depending upon the method of synthesis.
  • salt forming cations are lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, quaternary alkyl amines having the formula wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are independently hydrogen, C 1 -C 22 alkylene, C 4 -C 22 branched alkylene, C 1 -C 6 alkanol, C 1 -C 22 alkenylene, C 4 -C 22 branched alkenylene, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred cations are ammonium (R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 equal hydrogen), sodium, potassium, mono-, di-, and trialkanol ammonium, and mixtures thereof.
  • the monoalkanol ammonium compounds of the present invention have R 3 equal to C 1 -C 6 alkanol, R 4 , R 5 and R 6 equal to hydrogen; dialkanol ammonium compounds of the present invention have R 3 and R 4 equal to C 1 -C 6 alkanol, R 5 and R 6 equal to hydrogen; trialkanol ammonium compounds of the present invention have R 3 , R 4 and R 5 equal to C 1 -C 6 alkanol, R 6 equal to hydrogen.
  • Preferred alkanol ammonium salts of the present invention are the mono-, di- and tri- quaternary ammonium compounds having the formulas: H 3 N + CH 2 CH 2 OH, H 2 N + (CH 2 CH 2 OH) 2 , HN + (CH 2 CH 2 OH) 3 .
  • Preferred M is sodium, potassium and the C 2 alkanol ammonium salts listed above; most preferred is sodium.
  • a preferred mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate surfactant is, a C16 total carbon primary alkyl sulfate surfactant having 13 carbon atoms in the backbone and having 1, 2, or 3 branching units (i.e., R, R 1 and/or R 2 ) of in total 3 carbon atoms, (whereby thus the total number of carbon atoms is at least 16).
  • Preferred branching units can be one propyl branching unit or three methyl branching units.
  • Another preferred surfactant system to be used in the present invention has one or more branched primary alkyl sulfates having the formula wherein the total number of carbon atoms, including branching, is from 15 to 18, and when more than one of these sulfates is present, the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formula is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5;
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
  • M is a water soluble cation;
  • x is from 0 to 11;
  • y is from 0 to 11;
  • z is at least 2; and
  • x + y + z is from 9 to 13; provided R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen.
  • the surfactant system comprises at least 20% by weight of the system, more preferably at least 60% by weight, even more preferably at least 90% by weight of the system, of a mid chain branched primary alkyl sulfates, preferably having R 1 and R 2 independently hydrogen or methyl, provided R 1 and R 2 are not both hydrogen; x + y is equal to 8, 9, or 10 and z is at least 2, whereby the average total number of carbon atoms in these sulfate surfactants is preferably from 15 to 17, more preferably from 16-17.
  • Preferred mono-methyl branched primary alkyl sulfates are selected from the group consisting of: 3-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 4-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 5-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 6-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 7-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 8-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 9-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 10-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 11-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 12-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 13-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 3-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 4-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 5-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 6-methyl hexadecanol
  • Preferred di-methyl branched primary alkyl sulfates are selected from the group consisting of: 2,3-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,4-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,5-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,6-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,7-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,8-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,9-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,10-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,11-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,12-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,3-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,4-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,5-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,6-methyl penta
  • branched primary alkyl sulfates comprising 16 carbon atoms and having one branching unit are examples of preferred branched surfactants useful in the present invention compositions:
  • branched primary alkyl sulfates comprising 17 carbon atoms and having two branching units are examples of preferred branched surfactants according to the present invention:
  • the bleaching system used in the invention comprises a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic bleach precursor.
  • the bleaching system is present at a level of at least 0.5% by weight of the composition, preferably from 0.5% to 45% by weight, more preferably from 1% to 30% by weight, most preferably from 1.5% to 25% by weight of the detergent compositions.
  • the bleach precursors are peroxyacid bleach precursors which may be represented as where L is a leaving group and X is essentially any functionality, which determines for the present invention whether the precursor is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, and which is such that on perhydroloysis the structure of the peroxyacid produced is
  • the hydrophobic bleach used in the present invention comprises a group X which contain at least 6 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrophilic bleach of the present invention comprises a group X which contain less than 6 carbon atoms.
  • the bleaching system used in the invention contains a hydrogen peroxide source and a hydrophilic and hydrophobic (organic peroxyacid) bleach precursor compound.
  • the production of the organic peroxyacid occurs by an in situ reaction of the precursors with a source of hydrogen peroxide.
  • Preferred sources of hydrogen peroxide include inorganic perhydrate bleaches.
  • Preferred perhydrate bleaches are metal perborates, metal percarbonates, particularly the sodium salts.
  • Perborate can be mono or tetra hydrated.
  • Sodium percarbonate has the formula corresponding to 2Na 2 CO 3 .3H 2 O 2 , and is available commercially as a crystalline solid. Potassium or sodium peroxymonopersulfate is another optional inorganic perhydrate salt of use in the detergent compositions herein.
  • the inorganic perhydrate bleaches are preferably present at a level of from 1% to 40% by weight, more preferably from 3% to 35% by weight, most preferably from 5% to 20% by weight of the detergent composition.
  • L group The leaving group, hereinafter L group, must be sufficiently reactive for the perhydrolysis reaction to occur within the optimum time frame (e.g., a wash cycle). However, if L is too reactive, this activator will be difficult to stabilize for use in a bleaching composition.
  • Preferred L groups are selected from the group consisting of: and mixtures thereof, wherein R 1 is an alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl group containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, R 3 is an alkyl chain containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R 4 is H or R 3 , and Y is H or a solubilizing group. Any of R 1 , R 3 and R 4 may be substituted by essentially any functional group including, for example alkyl hydroxy, alkoxy, halogen, amine, nitrosyl, amide and ammonium or alkyl ammmonium groups.
  • the preferred solubilizing groups are -SO 3 - M + , -CO 2 - M + , -SO 4 - M + , -N + (R 3 ) 4 X - and O ⁇ --N(R 3 ) 3 and most preferably -SO 3 - M + and -CO 2 - M + wherein R 3 is an alkyl chain containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, M is a cation which provides solubility to the bleach activator and X is an anion which provides solubility to the bleach activator.
  • M is an alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium cation, with sodium and potassium being most preferred, and X is a halide, hydroxide, methylsulfate or acetate anion.
  • Suitable bleach precursors typically contain one or more N- or O-acyl groups, which precursors can be selected from a wide range of classes.
  • Suitable classes include anhydrides, esters, imides, lactams and acylated derivatives of imidazoles and oximes. Examples of useful materials within these classes are disclosed in GB-A-1586789.
  • Suitable esters are disclosed in GB-A-836988, 864798, 1147871, 2143231 and EP-A-0170386.
  • Alkyl percarboxylic acid bleach precursors are preferred precursors for use herein. They form percarboxylic acids on perhydrolysis. Preferred precursors of this type provide peracetic acid on perhydrolysis.
  • Preferred can be phenyl esters of C 14-22 - alkanoic or alkenoic acids, esters of hydroxylamine, geminal diesters of lower alkanoic acids and gem-idols, such as those described in EP-A-0125781 especiallyl,1,5-triacetoxypent-4-ene and 1,1,5,5-tetraacetoxypentane and the corresponding butene and butane compounds, ethylidene benzoate acetate and bis(ethylidene acetate) adipate and enol esters, for instance as described in EP-A-0140648 and EP-A-0092932.
  • Preferred alkyl percarboxylic precursor compounds of the imide type include the N-,N,N 1 N 1 tetra acetylated alkylene diamines wherein the alkylene group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly those compounds in which the alkylene group contains 1, 2 and 6 carbon atoms.
  • Tetraacetyl ethylene diamine (TAED, being a hydrophilic precursor) is particularly preferred.
  • alkyl percarboxylic acid precursors include sodium acetoxybenzene sulfonate (ABS) and pentaacetyl glucose, dodecanolyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt, decanoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt (DOBS) , benzoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt (BOBS), more preferred sodium 3,5,5-tri-methyl hexanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (iso-NOBS) and even more preferred sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS), (being hydrophobic precursors).
  • ABS sodium acetoxybenzene sulfonate
  • DOBS decanoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt
  • BOBS benzoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt
  • iso-NOBS more preferred sodium 3,5,5-tri-methyl hexanoy
  • Amide substituted alkyl peroxyacid precursors are preferred precursors herein. They include those of the following general formulae: wherein R 1 is an alkyl group with from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene group containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, and R 5 is H or an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and L can be essentially any leaving group. Amide substituted bleach activator compounds of this type are described in EP-A-0170386.
  • Perbenzoic acid precursors are other preferred precursors herein. They provide perbenzoic acid on perhydrolysis.
  • Suitable O-acylated perbenzoic acid precursor compounds include the substituted and unsubstituted benzoyl oxybenzene sulfonates, and the benzoylation products of sorbitol, glucose, and all saccharides with benzoylating agents, and those of the imide type including N-benzoyl succinimide, tetrabenzoyl ethylene diamine and the N-benzoyl substituted ureas.
  • Suitable imidazole type perbenzoic acid precursors include N-benzoyl imidazole and N-benzoyl benzimidazole.
  • Other useful N-acyl group-containing perbenzoic acid precursors include N-benzoyl pyrrolidone, dibenzoyl taurine and benzoyl pyroglutamic acid.
  • Highly preferred hydrophobic precursors are (6-octanamido-caproyl)oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanamido-caproyl) oxybenzene- sulfonate, (6-nonanamidocaproyl)oxy benzene sulfonate, decanoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt and benzoyloxy - benzenesulphonate sodium salt.
  • precursors of the benzoxazin-type as disclosed for example in EP-A-332,294 and EP-A-482,807, particularly those having the formula: wherein R 1 is H, alkyl, alkaryl, aryl, or arylalkyl.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention may also contain additional detergent components.
  • additional detergent components and levels of incorporation thereof will depend on the physical form of the composition, and the precise nature of the washing operation for which it is to be used.
  • compositions of the invention preferably contain one or more additional detergent components selected from additional surfactants, additional bleaches, bleach catalysts, alkalinity systems, builders, organic polymeric compounds, additional enzymes, suds suppressors, lime soap dispersants, soil suspension and anti-redeposition agents and corrosion inhibitors.
  • additional detergent components selected from additional surfactants, additional bleaches, bleach catalysts, alkalinity systems, builders, organic polymeric compounds, additional enzymes, suds suppressors, lime soap dispersants, soil suspension and anti-redeposition agents and corrosion inhibitors.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention preferably contain an additional surfactant selected from additional anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
  • ampholytic, amphoteric and zwitteronic surfactants are generally used in combination with one or more anionic and/or nonionic surfactants.
  • the detergent compositions of the present invention preferably comprise an additional anionic surfactant.
  • anionic surfactants useful for detersive purposes can be comprised in the detergent composition. These can include salts (including, for example, sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts) of the anionic sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate and sarcosinate surfactants.
  • Anionic sulfate surfactants are preferred.
  • anionic surfactants include the isethionates such as the acyl isethionates, N-acyl taurates, fatty acid amides of methyl tauride, alkyl succinates and sulfosuccinates, monoesters of sulfosuccinate (especially saturated and unsaturated C 12 -C 18 monoesters) diesters of sulfosuccinate (especially saturated and unsaturated C 6 -C 14 diesters), N-acyl sarcosinates.
  • Resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids are also suitable, such as rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and resin acids and hydrogenated resin acids present in or derived from tallow oil.
  • Anionic sulfate surfactants suitable for use herein include the linear and branched primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, alkyl ethoxysulfates, fatty oleoyl glycerol sulfates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates, the C 5 -C 17 acyl-N-(C 1 -C 4 alkyl) and -N-(C 1 -C 2 hydroxyalkyl) glucamine sulfates, and sulfates of alkylpolysaccharides such as the sulfates of alkylpolyglucoside (the nonionic nonsulfated compounds being described herein).
  • Alkyl sulfate surfactants are preferably selected from the linear and branched primary C 10 -C 18 alkyl sulfates, more preferably the C 11 -C 15 branched chain alkyl sulfates and the C 12 -C 14 linear chain alkyl sulfates.
  • Alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactants are preferably selected from the group consisting of the C 10 -C 18 alkyl sulfates which have been ethoxylated with from 0.5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule. More preferably, the alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactant is a C 11 -C 18 , most preferably C 11 -C 15 alkyl sulfate which has been ethoxylated with from 0.5 to 7, preferably from 1 to 5, moles of ethylene oxide per molecule.
  • a particularly preferred aspect of the invention employs mixtures of the preferred alkyl sulfate and alkyl ethoxysulfate surfactants. Such mixtures have been disclosed in PCT Patent Application No. WO 93/18124.
  • Anionic sulfonate surfactant Anionic sulfonate surfactant
  • Anionic sulfonate surfactants suitable for use herein include the salts of C 5 -C 20 linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl ester sulfonates, C 6 -C 22 primary or secondary alkane sulfonates, C 6 -C 24 olefin sulfonates, sulfonated polycarboxylic acids, alkyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty acyl glycerol sulfonates, fatty oleyl glycerol sulfonates, and any mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable anionic carboxylate surfactants include the alkyl ethoxy carboxylates, the alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylate surfactants and the soaps ('alkyl carboxyls'), especially certain secondary soaps as described herein.
  • Suitable alkyl ethoxy carboxylates include those with the formula RO(CH 2 CH 2 O) x CH 2 COO - M + wherein R is a C 6 to C 18 alkyl group, x ranges from O to 10, and the ethoxylate distribution is such that, on a weight basis, the amount of material where x is 0 is less than 20 % and M is a cation.
  • Suitable alkyl polyethoxy polycarboxylate surfactants include those having the formula RO-(CHR 1 -CHR 2 -O)-R 3 wherein R is a C 6 to C 18 alkyl group, x is from 1 to 25, R 1 and R 2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl acid radical, succinic acid radical, hydroxysuccinic acid radical, and mixtures thereof, and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon having between 1 and 8 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.
  • Suitable soap surfactants include the secondary soap surfactants which contain a carboxyl unit connected to a secondary carbon.
  • Preferred secondary soap surfactants for use herein are water-soluble members selected from the group consisting of the water-soluble salts of 2-methyl-1-undecanoic acid, 2-ethyl-1-decanoic acid, 2-propyl-1-nonanoic acid, 2-butyl-1-octanoic acid and 2-pentyl-1-heptanoic acid. Certain soaps may also be included as suds suppressors.
  • alkali metal sarcosinates of formula R-CON (R 1 ) CH 2 COOM, wherein R is a C 5 -C 17 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, R 1 is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group and M is an alkali metal ion.
  • R is a C 5 -C 17 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group
  • R 1 is a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group
  • M is an alkali metal ion.
  • any alkoxylated nonionic surfactants are suitable herein.
  • the ethoxylated and propoxylated nonionic surfactants are preferred.
  • the nonionic surfactant is preferably present at a ratio to the surfactant system a), comprising the mid-branched surfactants to be used in the invention, of from 10:1 to 1;10, more preferably from 5:1 to 1:10, even more preferably from 1:1 to 1:10.
  • Preferred alkoxylated surfactants can be selected from the classes of the nonionic condensates of alkyl phenols, nonionic ethoxylated alcohols, nonionic ethoxylatedlpropoxylated fatty alcohols, nonionic ethoxylate/propoxylate condensates with propylene glycol, and the nonionic ethoxylate condensation products with propylene oxide/ethylene diamine adducts.
  • the condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with from I to 25 moles of alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide, are suitable for use herein.
  • the alkyl chain of the aliphatic alcohol can either be straight or branched, primary or secondary, and generally contains from 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Particularly preferred are the condensation products of alcohols having an alkyl group containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably form 9 to 15 carbon atoms, with from 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
  • Nonionic polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant Nonionic polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant
  • Polyhydroxy fatty acid amides suitable for use herein are those having the structural formula R 2 CONR 1 Z wherein : R1 is H, C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, ethoxy, propoxy, or a mixture thereof, preferable C1-C4 alkyl, more preferably C 1 or C 2 alkyl, most preferably C 1 alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R 2 is a C 5 -C 31 hydrocarbyl, preferably straight-chain C 5 -C 19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably straight-chain C 9 -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight-chain C 11 -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof
  • Nonionic fatty acid amide surfactant Nonionic fatty acid amide surfactant
  • Suitable fatty acid amide surfactants include those having the formula: R 6 CON(R 7 ) 2 wherein R 6 is an alkyl group containing from 7 to 21, preferably from 9 to 17 carbon atoms and each R 7 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl, and -(C 2 H 4 O) x H, where x is in the range of from 1 to 3.
  • Suitable alkylpolysaccharides for use herein are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,565,647, Llenado, issued January 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e.g., a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group containing from 1.3 to 10 saccharide units.
  • Preferred alkylpolyglycosides have the formula R 2 O(C n H 2n O)t(glycosyl) x wherein R 2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the alkyl groups contain from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3; t is from 0 to 10, and x is from 1.3 to 8.
  • the glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose.
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants for use herein include the amine oxide surfactants and the alkyl amphocarboxylic acids.
  • Suitable amine oxides include those compounds having the formula R 3 (OR 4 ) x N 0 (R 5 ) 2 wherein R 3 is selected from an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, acylamidopropoyl and alkyl phenyl group, or mixtures thereof, containing from 8 to 26 carbon atoms; R 4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group containing from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof; x is from 0 to 5, preferably from 0 to 3; and each R 5 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 3, or a polyethylene oxide group containing from 1 to 3 ethylene oxide groups.
  • Preferred are C 10 -C 18 alkyl dimethylamine oxide, and C 10-18 acylamido alkyl dimethylamine oxide.
  • a suitable example of an alkyl amphodicarboxylic acid is Miranol(TM) C2M Conc. manufactured by Miranol, Inc., Dayton, NJ.
  • Zwitterionic surfactants can also be incorporated into the detergent compositions hereof. These surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and ternary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds. Betaine and sultaine surfactants are exemplary zwitterionic surfactants for use herein.
  • Suitable betaines are those compounds having the formula R(R') 2 N + R 2 COO - wherein R is a C 6 -C 18 hydrocarbyl group, each R 1 is typically C 1 -C 3 alkyl and R 2 is a C 1 -C 5 hydrocarbyl group.
  • Preferred betaines are C 12-18 dimethyl-ammonio hexanoate and the C 10-18 acylamidopropane (or ethane) dimethyl (or diethyl) betaines.
  • Complex betaine surfactants are also suitable for use herein.
  • Suitable cationic surfactants include the quaternary ammonium surfactants selected from mono C 6 -C 16 , preferably C 6 -C 10 N-alkyl or alkenyl ammonium surfactants wherein the remaining N positions are substituted by methyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl groups.
  • an alkalinity system is present to achieve optimal cationic ester surfactant performance.
  • the alkalinity system comprises components capable of providing alkalinity species in solution.
  • alkalinity species it is meant herein: carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide, the various silicate anions, percarbonate, perborates, perphosphates, persulfate and persilicate.
  • alkalinity species can be formed for example, when alkaline salts selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide or silicate, including crystalline layered silicate, salts and percarbonate, perborates, perphosphates, persulfate and persilicate salts, as described above, and any mixtures thereof, are dissolved in water.
  • alkaline salts selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth carbonate, bicarbonate, hydroxide or silicate, including crystalline layered silicate, salts and percarbonate, perborates, perphosphates, persulfate and persilicate salts, as described above, and any mixtures thereof, are dissolved in water.
  • carbonates are the alkaline earth and alkali metal carbonates, including sodium carbonate and sesqui-carbonate and any mixtures thereof with ultra-fine calcium carbonate such as are disclosed in German Patent Application No. 2,321,001 published on November 15, 1973.
  • Suitable silicates include the water soluble sodium silicates with an SiO 2 : Na 2 O ratio of from 1.0 to 2.8, with ratios of from 1.6 to 2.0 being preferred, and 2.0 ratio being most preferred.
  • the silicates may be in the form of either the anhydrous salt or a hydrated salt.
  • Sodium silicate with an SiO 2 : Na 2 O ratio of 2.0 is the most preferred silicate.
  • Preferred crystalline layered silicates for use herein have the general formula NaMSi x O 2x+1 .yH 2 O wherein M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20.
  • Crystalline layered sodium silicates of this type are disclosed in EP-A-0164514 and methods for their preparation are disclosed in DE-A-3417649 and DE-A-3742043.
  • x in the general formula above preferably has a value of 2, 3 or 4 and is preferably 2.
  • the most preferred material is ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , available from Hoechst AG as NaSKS-6.
  • the detergent compositions of the present invention preferably contain a water-soluble builder compound, typically present at a level of from 1% to 80% by weight, preferably from 10% to 70% by weight, most preferably from 20% to 60% by weight of the composition.
  • Suitable water-soluble builder compounds include the water soluble monomeric polycarboxylates, or their acid forms, homo or copolymeric polycarboxylic acids or their salts in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxylic radicals separated from each other by not more that two carbon atoms, borates, phosphates, and mixtures of any of the foregoing.
  • the carboxylate or polycarboxylate builder can be momomeric or oligomeric in type although monomeric polycarboxylates are generally preferred for reasons of cost and performance.
  • Suitable carboxylates containing one carboxy group include the water soluble salts of lactic acid, glycolic acid and ether derivatives thereof.
  • Polycarboxylates containing two carboxy groups include the water-soluble salts of succinic acid, malonic acid, (ethylenedioxy) diacetic acid, maleic acid, diglycolic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid and fumaric acid, as well as the ether carboxylates and the sulfinyl carboxylates.
  • Polycarboxylates containing three carboxy groups include, in particular, water-soluble citrates, aconitrates and citraconates as well as succinate derivatives such as the carboxymethyloxysuccinates described in British Patent No.
  • Polycarboxylates containing four carboxy groups include oxydisuccinates disclosed in British Patent No. 1,261,829, 1,1,2,2-ethane tetracarboxylates, 1,1,3,3-propane tetracarboxylates and 1,1,2,3-propane tetracarboxylates.
  • Polycarboxylates containing sulfo substituents include the sulfosuccinate derivatives disclosed in British Patent Nos. 1,398,421 and 1,398,422 and in U.S. Patent No. 3,936,448, and the sulfonated pyrolysed citrates described in British Patent No. 1,439,000.
  • Preferred polycarboxylates are hydroxycarboxylates containing up to three carboxy groups per molecule, more particularly citrates.
  • the parent acids of the monomeric or oligomeric polycarboxylate chelating agents or mixtures thereof with their salts e.g. citric acid or citrate/citric acid mixtures are also contemplated as useful builder components.
  • Suitable examples of water-soluble phosphate builders are the alkali metal tripolyphosphates, sodium, potassium and ammonium pyrophosphate, sodium and potassium and ammonium pyrophosphate, sodium and potassium orthophosphate, sodium polymeta/phosphate in which the degree of polymerization ranges from about 6 to 21, and salts of phytic acid.
  • Partially soluble or insoluble builder compound Partially soluble or insoluble builder compound
  • the detergent compositions of the present invention may contain a partially soluble or insoluble builder compound, typically present at a level of from 1% to 80% by weight, preferably from 10% to 70% by weight, most preferably from 20% to 60% weight of the composition.
  • Examples of largely water insoluble builders include the sodium aluminosilicates.
  • Suitable aluminosilicate zeolites have the unit cell formula Na z [(AlO 2 ) z (SiO 2 )y]. xH 2 O wherein z and y are at least 6; the molar ratio of z to y is from 1.0 to 0.5 and x is at least 5, preferably from 7.5 to 276, more preferably from 10 to 264.
  • the aluminosilicate material are in hydrated form and are preferably crystalline, containing from 10% to 28%, more preferably from 18% to 22% water in bound form.
  • the aluminosilicate zeolites can be naturally occurring materials, but are preferably synthetically derived. Synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange materials are available under the designations Zeolite A, Zeolite B, Zeolite P, Zeolite X, Zeolite HS and mixtures thereof. Zeolite A has the formula Na 12 [AlO 2 ) 12 (SiO 2 ) 12 ]. xH 2 O wherein x is from 20 to 30, especially 27. Zeolite X has the formula Na 86 [(AlO 2 ) 86 (SiO 2 ) 106 ].276 H 2 O.
  • the detergent compositions or the bleaching system may contain, in addition to the bleach precursors, a preformed organic peroxyacid, typically at a level of from 1% to 15% by weight, more preferably from 1% to 10% by weight of the composition.
  • a preferred class of organic peroxyacid compounds are the amide substituted compounds of the following general formulae: or wherein R 1 is an alkyl, aryl or alkaryl group with from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkylene, arylene, and alkarylene group containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, and R 5 is H or an alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • Amide substituted organic peroxyacid compounds of this type are described in EP-A-0170386.
  • organic peroxyacids include diacyl and tetraacylperoxides, especially diperoxydodecanedioc acid, diperoxytetradecanedioc acid and diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid.
  • diacyl and tetraacylperoxides especially diperoxydodecanedioc acid, diperoxytetradecanedioc acid and diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid.
  • Mono- and diperazelaic acid, mono- and diperbrassylic acid and N-phthaloylaminoperoxicaproic acid are also suitable herein.
  • Suitable organic peroxyacids include diperoxyalkanedioc acids having more than 7 carbon atoms, such as diperoxydodecanedioc acid (DPDA), diperoxytetradecanedioc acid and diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid.
  • DPDA diperoxydodecanedioc acid
  • DPDA diperoxytetradecanedioc acid
  • diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid diperoxyhexadecanedioc acid.
  • PAP diperoxydodecanedioc acid
  • NAPAA nonanoylamido peroxo-adipic acid
  • decanoyl- or dodecanoylamidoperoxy acids and hexane sulphenoyl peroxypropionic acid are also suitable herein.
  • organic peroxyacids include diamino peroxyacids, which are disclosed in WO 95/ 03275, with the following general formula: wherein:
  • the substituent X on the benzene nucleus is preferably a hydrogen or a meta or para substituent, selected from the group comprising halogen, typically chlorine atom, or some other non-released non-interfering species such as an alkyl group, conveniently up to C6 for example a methyl, ethyl or propyl group.
  • X can represent a second amidopercarboxylic acid substituent of formula:- ⁇ CO ⁇ NY ⁇ R(Z) ⁇ CO ⁇ OOH in which R, Y, Z and n are as defined above.
  • R 1 is selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 12 alkylene, C 5 -C 12 cycloalkylene, C 6 -C 12 arylene and radical combinations thereof;
  • Cationic peroxyacid precursors can be suitable additional components of the detergent compositions or bleaching systems herein. They produce cationic peroxyacids on perhydrolysis.
  • cationic peroxyacid precursors are formed by substituting the peroxyacid part of a suitable peroxyacid precursor compound with a positively charged functional group, such as an ammonium or alkyl ammnaonium group, preferably an ethyl or methyl ammonium group.
  • Cationic peroxyacid precursors are typically present in the solid detergent compositions as a salt with a suitable anion, such as a halide ion.
  • the peroxyacid precursor compound to be so cationically substituted may be a perbenzoic acid, or substituted derivative thereof, precursor compound as described hereinbefore.
  • the peroxyacid precursor compound may be an alkyl percarboxylic acid precursor compound or an amide substituted alkyl peroxyacid precursor as described hereinafter.
  • Cationic peroxyacid precursors are described in U.S. Patents 4,904,406; 4,751,015; 4,988,451; 4,397,757; 5,269,962; 5,127,852; 5,093,022; 5,106,528; U.K. 1,382,594; EP 475,512, 458,396 and 284,292; and in JP 87-318,332.
  • Suitable cationic peroxyacid precursors include any of the ammonium or alkyl ammonium substituted alkyl or benzoyl oxybenzene sulfonates, N-acylated caprolactams, and monobenzoyltetraacetyl glucose benzoyl peroxides.
  • Preferred cationic peroxyacid precursors of the N-acylated caprolactam class include the trialkyl ammonium methylene benzoyl caprolactams and the trialkyl ammonium methylene alkyl caprolactams.
  • compositions optionally contain a transition metal containing bleach catalyst.
  • a transition metal containing bleach catalyst is a catalyst system comprising a heavy metal cation of defined bleach catalytic activity, such as copper, iron or manganese cations, an auxiliary metal cation having little or no bleach catalytic activity, such as zinc or aluminum cations, and a sequestrant having defined stability constants for the catalytic and auxiliary metal cations, particularly ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) and water-soluble salts thereof.
  • ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) and water-soluble salts thereof.
  • bleach catalysts include the manganese-based complexes disclosed in U.S. Pat. 5,246,621 and U.S. Pat. 5,244,594. Preferred examples of these catalysts include Mn IV 2 (u-O) 3 (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 -(PF 6 ) 2 , Mn III 2 (u-O) 1 (u-OAc) 2 (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 -(ClO 4 ) 2 , Mn IV 4 (u-O) 6 (1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 4 -(ClO 4 ) 2 , Mn III Mn IV 4 (u-O) 1 (u-OAc) 2- (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 -(ClO 4 ) 3 , and mixtures thereof.
  • ligands suitable for use herein include 1,5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane, 2-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, 2-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, 1,2,4,7-tetramethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, and mixtures thereof.
  • bleach catalysts see U.S. Pat. 4,246,612 and U.S. Pat. 5,227,084. See also U.S. Pat. 5,194,416 which teaches mononuclear manganese (IV) complexes such as Mn(1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane)(OCH 3 ) 3- (PF 6 ).
  • Still another type of bleach catalyst, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. 5,114,606, is a water-soluble complex of manganese (III), and/or (IV) with a ligand which is a non-carboxylate polyhydroxy compound having at least three consecutive C-OH groups.
  • binuclear Mn complexed with tetra-N-dentate and bi-N-dentate ligands including N 4 Mn III (u-O) 2 Mn IV N 4 ) + and [Bipy 2 Mn III (u-O) 2 Mn IV bipy 2 ]-(ClO 4 ) 3 .
  • bleach catalysts are described, for example, in European patent application No. 408,131 (cobalt complex catalysts), European patent applications, publication nos. 384,503, and 306,089 (metallo-porphyrin catalysts), U.S. 4,728,455 (manganese/multidentate ligand catalyst), U.S. 4,711,748 and European patent application, publication no. 224,952, (absorbed manganese on aluminosilicate catalyst), U.S. 4,601,845 (aluminosilicate support with manganese and zinc or magnesium salt), U.S. 4,626,373 (manganese/ligand catalyst), U.S. 4,119,557 (ferric complex catalyst), German Pat.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention preferably contain as an optional component a heavy metal ion sequestrant.
  • heavy metal ion sequestrant it is meant herein components which act to sequester (chelate) heavy metal ions. These components may also have calcium and magnesium chelation capacity, but preferentially they show selectivity to binding heavy metal ions such as iron, manganese and copper.
  • Heavy metal ion sequestrants are generally present at a level of from 0.005% to 20%, preferably from 0.1% to 10%. more preferably from 0.25% to 7.5% and most preferably from 0.5% to 5% by weight of the compositions.
  • Suitable heavy metal ion sequestrants for use herein include organic phosphonates, such as the amino alkylene poly (alkylene phosphonates), alkali metal ethane 1-hydroxy disphosphonates and nitrilo trimethylene phosphonates.
  • Preferred among the above species are diethylene triamine penta (methylene phosphonate), ethylene diamine tri (methylene phosphonate) hexamethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonate) and hydroxy-ethylene 1,1 diphosphonate.
  • Suitable heavy metal ion sequestrant for use herein include nitrilotriacetic acid and polyaminocarboxylic acids such as ethylenediaminotetracetic acid, ethylenetriamine pentacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, ethylenediamine diglutaric acid, 2-hydroxypropylenediamine disuccinic acid or any salts thereof.
  • Suitable heavy metal ion sequestrants for use herein are iminodiacetic acid derivatives such as 2-hydroxyethyl diacetic acid or glyceryl imino diacetic acid, described in EP-A-317,542 and EP-A-399,133.
  • iminodiacetic acid-N-2-hydroxypropyl sulfonic acid and aspartic acid N-carboxymethyl N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-sulfonic acid sequestrants described in EP-A-516,102 are also suitable herein.
  • EP-A-476,257 describes suitable amino based sequestrants.
  • EP-A-510,331 describes suitable sequestrants derived from collagen, keratin or casein.
  • EP-A-528,859 describes a suitable alkyl iminodiacetic acid sequestrant. Dipicolinic acid and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid are alos suitable.
  • Glycinamide-N,N'-disuccinic acid (GADS), ethylenediamine-N-N'-diglutaric acid (EDDG) and 2-hydroxypropylenediamine-N-N'-disuccinic acid (HPDDS) are also suitable.
  • Another preferred ingredient useful in the detergent compositions is one or more additional enzymes.
  • Preferred additional enzymatic materials include the commercially available lipases, cutinases, amylases, neutral and alkaline proteases, cellulases, endolases, esterases, pectinases, lactases and peroxidases conventionally incorporated into detergent compositions. Suitable enzymes are discussed in US Patents 3,519,570 and 3,533,139.
  • protease enzymes include those sold under the tradenames Alcalase, Savinase, Primase, Durazym, and Esperase by Novo Industries A/S (Denmark), those sold under the tradename Maxatase, Maxacal and Maxapem by Gist-Brocades, those sold by Genencor International, and those sold under the tradename Opticlean and Optimase by Solvay Enzymes.
  • Protease enzyme may be incorporated into the compositions in accordance with the invention at a level of from 0.0001% to 4% active enzyme by weight of the composition.
  • Preferred amylases include, for example, ⁇ -amylases obtained from a special strain of B licheniformis, described in more detail in GB-1,269,839 (Novo).
  • Preferred commercially available amylases include for example, those sold under the tradename Rapidase by Gist-Brocades, and those sold under the tradename Termamyl and BAN by Novo Industries A/S.
  • Amylase enzyme may be incorporated into the composition in accordance with the invention at a level of from 0.0001% to 2% active enzyme by weight of the composition.
  • Lipolytic enzyme may be present at levels of active lipolytic enzyme of from 0.0001% to 2% by weight, preferably 0.001% to 1% by weight, most preferably from 0.001% to 0.5% by weight of the compositions.
  • the lipase may be fungal or bacterial in origin being obtained, for example, from a lipase producing strain of Humicola sp., Thermomyces sp. or Pseudomonas sp. including Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes or Pseudomas fluorescens . Lipase from chemically or genetically modified mutants of these strains are also useful herein.
  • a preferred lipase is derived from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes , which is described in Granted European Patent, EP-B-0218272.
  • Another preferred lipase herein is obtained by cloning the gene from Humicola lanuginosa and expressing the gene in Aspergillus oryza , as host, as described in European Patent Application, EP-A-0258 068, which is commercially available from Novo Industri A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark, under the trade name Lipolase. This lipase is also described in U.S. Patent 4,810,414, Huge-Jensen et al, issued March 7, 1989.
  • Organic polymeric compounds are preferred additional components of the detergent compositions in accord with the invention, and are preferably present as components of any particulate components where they may act such as to bind the particulate component together.
  • organic polymeric compound it is meant herein essentially any polymeric organic compound commonly used as dispersants, and anti-redeposition and soil suspension agents in detergent compositions, including any of the high molecular weight organic polymeric compounds described as clay flocculating agents herein.
  • Organic polymeric compound is typically incorporated in the detergent compositions of the invention at a level of from 0.1% to 30%, preferably from 0.5% to 15%, most preferably from 1% to 10% by weight of the compositions.
  • organic polymeric compounds include the water soluble organic homo-or co-polymeric polycarboxylic acids or their salts in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxyl radicals separated from each other by not more than two carbon atoms.
  • Polymers of the latter type are disclosed in GB-A-1,596,756.
  • salts are polyacrylates of MWt 2000-5000 and their copolymers with maleic anhydride, such copolymers having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 100,000, especially 40,000 to 80,000.
  • polyamino compounds are useful herein including those derived from aspartic acid such as those disclosed in EP-A-305282, EP-A-305283 and EP-A-351629.
  • Terpolymers containing monomer units selected from maleic acid, acrylic acid, polyaspartic acid and vinyl alcohol, particularly those having an average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 10,000, are also suitable herein.
  • organic polymeric compounds suitable for incorporation in the detergent compositions herein include cellulose derivatives such as methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose.
  • organic polymeric compounds are the polyethylene glycols, particularly those of molecular weight 1000-10000, more particularly 2000 to 8000 and most preferably about 4000.
  • the detergent compositions of the invention when formulated for use in machine washing compositions, preferably comprise a suds suppressing system present at a level of from 0.01 % to 15%, preferably from 0.05% to 10%, most preferably from 0.1% to 5% by weight of the composition.
  • Suitable suds suppressing systems for use herein may comprise essentially any known antifoam compound, including, for example silicone antifoam compounds and 2-alkyl alcanol antifoam compounds.
  • antifoam compound any compound or mixtures of compounds which act such as to depress the foaming or sudsing produced by a solution of a detergent composition, particularly in the presence of agitation of that solution.
  • Particularly preferred antifoam compounds for use herein are silicone antifoam compounds defined herein as any antifoam compound including a silicone component. Such silicone antifoam compounds also typically contain a silica component.
  • silicone antifoam compounds as used herein, and in general throughout the industry, encompasses a variety of relatively high molecular weight polymers containing siloxane units and hydrocarbyl group of various types.
  • Preferred silicone antifoam compounds are the siloxanes, particularly the polydimethylsiloxanes having trimethylsilyl end blocking units.
  • Suitable antifoam compounds include the monocarboxylic fatty acids and soluble salts thereof. These materials are described in US Patent 2,954,347, issued September 27,1960 to Wayne St. John.
  • the monocarboxylic fatty acids, and salts thereof, for use as suds suppressor typically have hydrocarbyl chains of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable salts include the alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium, and lithium salts, and ammonium and alkanolammonium salts.
  • Suitable antifoam compounds include, for example, high molecular weight fatty esters (e.g. fatty acid triglycerides), fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols, aliphatic C 18 -C 40 ketones (e.g. stearone) N-alkylated amino triazines such as tri- to hexa-alkylmelamines or di- to tetra alkyldiamine chlortriazines formed as products of cyanuric chloride with two or three moles of a primary or secondary amine containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, propylene oxide, bis stearic acid amide and monostearyl di-alkali metal (e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium) phosphates and phosphate esters.
  • high molecular weight fatty esters e.g. fatty acid triglycerides
  • fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols e.g. fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols
  • a preferred suds suppressing system comprises
  • a highly preferred particulate suds suppressing system is described in EP-A-0210731 and comprises a silicone antifoam compound and an organic carrier material having a melting point in the range 50°C to 85°C, wherein the organic carrier material comprises a monoester of glycerol and a fatty acid having a carbon chain containing from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • EP-A-0210721 discloses other preferred particulate suds suppressing systems wherein the organic carrier material is a fatty acid or alcohol having a carbon chain containing from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof, with a melting point of from 45°C to 80°C.
  • the detergent compositions may contain a clay softening system comprising a clay mineral compound and optionally a clay flocculating agent.
  • the clay mineral compound is preferably a smectite clay compound.
  • Smectite clays are disclosed in the US Patents No.s 3,862,058, 3,948,790, 3,954,632 and 4,062,647.
  • European Patents No.s EP-A-299,575 and EP-A-313,146 in the name of the Procter and Gamble Company describe suitable organic polymeric clay flocculating agents.
  • the detergent compositions herein may also comprise from 0.01% to 10 %, preferably from 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents.
  • the polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents are preferably selected from polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinylpyrrolidonepolymers or combinations thereof.
  • Polyamine N-oxide polymers suitable for use herein contain units having the following structure formula : wherein P is a polymerisable unit, and A is -O-, -S-, -N-; x is O or 1; R are aliphatic, ethoxylated aliphatics, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups or any combination thereof whereto the nitrogen of the N-O group can be attached or wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group is part of these groups.
  • the N-O group can be represented by the following general structures : wherein R1, R2, and R3 are aliphatic groups, aromatic, heterocyclic or alicyclic groups or combinations thereof, x or/and y or/and z is 0 or 1 and wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group can be attached or wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group forms part of these groups.
  • the N-O group can be part of the polymerisable unit (P) or can be attached to the polymeric backbone or a combination of both.
  • Suitable polyamine N-oxides wherein the N-O group forms part of the polymerisable unit comprise polyamine N-oxides wherein R is selected from aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups.
  • R is selected from aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic or heterocyclic groups.
  • One class of said polyamine N-oxides comprises the group of polyamine N-oxides wherein the nitrogen of the N-O group forms part of the R-group.
  • Preferred polyamine N-oxides are those wherein R is a heterocyclic group such as pyrridine, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrrolidine, piperidine, quinoline, acridine and derivatives thereof.
  • polyamine N-oxides are the polyamine oxides whereto the N-O group is attached to the polymerisable unit.
  • a preferred class of these polyamine N-oxides comprises the polyamine N-oxides having the general formula (I) wherein R is an aromatic,heterocyclic or alicyclic groups wherein the nitrogen of the N-O functional group is part of said R group.
  • R is an aromatic,heterocyclic or alicyclic groups wherein the nitrogen of the N-O functional group is part of said R group.
  • examples of these classes are polyamine oxides wherein R is a heterocyclic compound such as pyrridine, pyrrole, imidazole and derivatives thereof.
  • the polyamine N-oxides can be obtained in almost any degree of polymerisation.
  • the degree of polymerisation is not critical provided the material has the desired water-solubility and dye-suspending power.
  • the average molecular weight is within the range of 500 to 1000,000.
  • Suitable herein are coploymers of N-vinylimidazole and N-vinylpyrrolidone having an average molecular weight range of from 5,000 to 54,000.
  • the preferred copolymers have a molar ratio of N-vinylimidazole to N-vinylpyrrolidone from 1 to 0.2.
  • the detergent compositions herein may also utilize polyvinylpyrrolidone ("PVP") having an average molecular weight of from 2,500 to 400,000.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • Suitable polyvinylpyrrolidones are commercially vailable from ISP Corporation, New York, NY and Montreal, Canada under the product names PVP K-15 (viscosity molecular weight of 10,000), PVP K-30 (average molecular weight of 40,000), PVP K-60 (average molecular weight of 160,000), and PVP K-90 (average molecular weight of 360,000).
  • PVP K-15 is also available from ISP Corporation.
  • Other suitable polyvinylpyrrolidones which are commercially available from BASF Cooperation include Sokalan HP 165 and Sokalan HP 12.
  • the detergent compositions herein may also utilize polyvinyloxazolidones as polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents.
  • Said polyvinyloxazolidones have an average molecular weight of from 2,500 to 400,000.
  • the detergent compositions herein may also utilize polyvinylimidazole as polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agent.
  • Said polyvinylimidazoles preferably have an average molecular weight of from 2,540 to 400,000.
  • the detergent compositions herein also optionally contain from about 0.005% to 5% by weight of certain types ofhydrophilic optical brighteners.
  • Hydrophilic optical brighteners useful herein include those having the structural formula: wherein R 1 is selected from anilino, N-2-bis-hydroxyethyl and NH-2-hydroxyethyl; R 2 is selected from N-2-bis-hydroxyethyl, N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino, morphilino, chloro and amino; and M is a salt-forming cation such as sodium or potassium.
  • R 1 is anilino
  • R 2 is N-2-bis-hydroxyethyl and M is a cation such as sodium
  • the brightener is 4,4',-bis[(4-anilino-6-(N-2-bis-hydroxyethyl)-s-triazine-2-yl)amino]-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid and disodium salt.
  • This particular brightener species is commercially marketed under the tradename Tinopal-UNPA-GX by Ciba-Geigy Corporation. Tinopal-UNPA-GX is the preferred hydrophilic optical brightener useful in the detergent compositions herein.
  • R 1 is anilino
  • R 2 is N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-2-methylamino
  • M is a cation such as sodium
  • the brightener is 4,4'-bis[(4-anilino-6-(N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)-s-triazine-2-yl)amino]2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid disodium salt.
  • This particular brightener species is commercially marketed under the tradename Tinopal 5BM-GX by Ciba-Geigy Corporation.
  • R 1 is aniline
  • R 2 is morphilino and M is a cation such as sodium
  • the brightener is 4,4'-bis[(4-anilino-6-morphilino-s-triazine-2-yl)amino]2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid, sodium salt.
  • This particular brightener species is commercially marketed under the tradename Tinopal AMS-GX by Ciba Geigy Corporation.
  • Cationic fabric softening agents can also be incorporated into compositions in accordance with the present invention.
  • Suitable cationic fabric softening agents include the water insoluble tertiary amines or dilong chain amide materials as disclosed in GB-A-1 514 276 and EP-B-0 011 340.
  • Cationic fabric softening agents are typically incorporated at total levels of from 0.5% to 15% by weight, normally from 1% to 5% by weight.
  • compositions of the invention include colours and filler salts, with sodium sulfate being a preferred filler salt.
  • compositions preferably have a pH measured as a 1% solution in distilled water of at least 8.5, preferably from 9.0 to 12.5, most preferably from 9.5 to 11.0.
  • compositions in accordance with the invention can take a variety of physical preferably solid forms including granular, tablet, bar forms.
  • granular detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention can be made via a variety of methods including dry mixing, spray drying, agglomeration and granulation.
  • the mid-chain branched surfactant system herein preferably with additional surfactants, is preferably present in granular compositions in the form of surfactant agglomerate particles, preferably not comprising the bleach precursors, which may take the form of flakes, prills, marumes, noodles, ribbons, but preferably take the form of granules.
  • the most preferred way to process the particles is by agglomerating powders (e.g. aluminosilicate, carbonate) with high active surfactant pastes and to control the particle size of the resultant agglomerates within specified limits.
  • Such a process involves mixing an effective amount of powder with a high active surfactant paste in one or more agglomerators such as a pan agglomerator, a Z-blade mixer or more preferably an in-line mixer such as those manufactured by Schugi (Holland) BV, 29 Chroomstraat 8211 AS, Lelystad, Netherlands, and Gebruder Lodige Maschinenbau GmbH, D-4790 Paderborn 1, Elsenerstrasse 7-9, Postfach 2050, Germany. Most preferably a high shear mixer is used, such as a Lodige CB (Trade Name).
  • a high active surfactant paste in one or more agglomerators such as a pan agglomerator, a Z-blade mixer or more preferably an in-line mixer such as those manufactured by Schugi (Holland) BV, 29 Chroomstraat 8211 AS, Lelystad, Netherlands, and Gebruder Lodige Maschinenbau GmbH, D-4790 Paderborn 1, Elsenerstrasse
  • a high active surfactant paste comprising from 50% by weight to 95% by weight, preferably 70% by weight to 85% by weight of the surfactants, including the mid-chain branched surfactants, is typically used.
  • the paste may be pumped into the agglomerator at a temperature high enough to maintain a pumpable viscosity, but low enough to avoid degradation of the anionic surfactants used.
  • An operating temperature of the paste of 50°C to 80°C is typical.
  • the bleach precursors of the invention are preferably dry-added to the detergent base or the agglomerates.
  • the mean particle size of the components of granular compositions in accordance with the invention should preferably be such that no more that 5% of particles are greater than 1.7mm in diameter and not more than 5% of particles are less than 0.15mm in diameter.
  • mean particle size as defined herein is calculated by sieving a sample of the composition into a number of fractions (typically 5 fractions) on a series of Tyler sieves. The weight fractions thereby obtained are plotted against the aperture size of the sieves. The mean particle size is taken to be the aperture size through which 50% by weight of the sample would pass.
  • the bulk density of granular detergent compositions in accordance with the present invention typically have a bulk density of at least 300 g/litre, more preferably from 330 g/litre to 1200 g/litre, more preferably from 380g/litre to 850 g/litre.
  • Bulk density is measured by means of a simple funnel and cup device consisting of a conical funnel moulded rigidly on a base and provided with a flap valve at its lower extremity to allow the contents of the funnel to be emptied into an axially aligned cylindrical cup disposed below the funnel.
  • the funnel is 130 mm high and has internal diameters of 130 mm and 40 mm at its respective upper and lower extremities. It is mounted so that the lower extremity is 140 mm above the upper surface of the base.
  • the cup has an overall height of 90 mm, an internal height of 87 mm and an internal diameter of 84 mm. Its nominal volume is 500 ml.
  • the funnel is filled with powder by hand pouring, the flap valve is opened and powder allowed to overfill the cup.
  • the filled cup is removed from the frame and excess powder removed from the cup by passing a straight edged implement eg; a knife, across its upper edge.
  • the filled cup is then weighed and the value obtained for the weight of powder doubled to provide a bulk density in g/litre. Replicate measurements are made as required.
  • compositions in accord with the present invention can also be used in or in combination with bleach additive compositions, for example comprising chlorine bleach, as mentioned above.
  • preferred detergent compositions of the invention are solid, most liquid chlorine-based bleaching will not be suitable for these detergent compositions and only granular or powder chlorine-based bleaches will be suitable.
  • the detergent compositions can be formulated such that they are chlorine-based bleach-compatible, thus ensuring that a chlorine based bleach can be added to the detergent composition by the user at the beginning or during the washing process.
  • the chlorine-based bleaches such that a hypochlorite species is formed in aqueous solution.
  • the hypochlorite ion is chemically represented by the formula OCI - .
  • Those bleaching agents which yield a hypochlorite species in aqueous solution include alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hypochlorites, hyposchlorite addition products, chloramines, chlorimines, chloramides, and chlorimides.
  • Specific examples of compounds of this type include sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, monobasic calcium hypochlorite, dibasic magnesium hypochlorite, chlorinated trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate, potassium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate sodium dichloroisocyaaurate dihydrate, trichlorocyanuric acid, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, N-chlorosulfamide, Chloramine T, Dichloramine T, chloramine B and Dichloramine B.
  • a preferred bleaching agent for use in the compositions of the instant invention is sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, or a mixture thereof.
  • hypochlorite-yielding bleaching agents are available in solid or concentrated form and are dissolved in water during preparation of the compositions of the instant invention. Some of the above materials are available as aqueous solutions.
  • Machine laundry methods herein typically comprise treating soiled laundry with an aqueous wash solution in a washing machine having dissolved or dispensed therein an effective amount of a machine laundry detergent composition in accord with the invention.
  • an effective amount of the detergent composition it is meant from 40g to 300g of product dissolved or dispersed in a wash solution of volume from 5 to 65 litres, as are typical product dosages and wash solution volumes commonly employed in conventional machine laundry methods.
  • a dispensing device is employed in the washing method.
  • the dispensing device is charged with the detergent product, and is used to introduce the product directly into the drum of the washing machine before the commencement of the wash cycle. Its volume capacity should be such as to be able to contain sufficient detergent product as would normally be used in the washing method.
  • the dispensing device containing the detergent product is placed inside the drum.
  • water is introduced into the drum and the drum periodically rotates.
  • the design of the dispensing device should be such that it permits containment of the dry detergent product but then allows release of this product during the wash cycle in response to its agitation as the drum rotates and also as a result of its contact with the wash water.
  • the device may possess a number of openings through which the product may pass.
  • the device may be made of a material which is permeable to liquid but impermeable to the solid product, which will allow release of dissolved product.
  • the detergent product will be rapidly released at the start of the wash cycle thereby providing transient localised high concentrations of product in the drum of the washing machine at this stage of the wash cycle.
  • Preferred dispensing devices are reusable and are designed in such a way that container integrity is maintained in both the dry state and during the wash cycle.
  • Especially preferred dispensing devices for use with the composition of the invention have been described in the following patents; GB-B-2, 157, 717, GB-B-2, 157, 718, EP-A-0201376, EP-A-0288345 and EP-A-0288346.
  • An article by J.Bland published in Manufacturing Chemist, November 1989, pages 41-46 also describes especially preferred dispensing devices for use with granular laundry products which are of a type commonly know as the "granulette”.
  • Another preferred dispensing device for use with the compositions of this invention is disclosed in PCT Patent Application No. WO94/11562.
  • Especially preferred dispensing devices are disclosed in European Patent Application Publication Nos. 0343069 & 0343070.
  • the latter Application discloses a device comprising a flexible sheath in the form of a bag extending from a support ring defining an orifice, the orifice being adapted to admit to the bag sufficient product for one washing cycle in a washing process. A portion of the washing medium flows through the orifice into the bag, dissolves the product, and the solution then passes outwardly through the orifice into the washing medium.
  • the support ring is provided with a masking arrangemnt to prevent egress of wetted, undissolved, product, this arrangement typically comprising radially extending walls extending from a central boss in a spoked wheel configuration, or a similar structure in which the walls have a helical form.
  • the dispensing device may be a flexible container, such as a bag or pouch.
  • the bag may be of fibrous construction coated with a water impermeable protective material so as to retain the contents, such as is disclosed in European published Patent Application No. 0018678.
  • it may be formed of a water-insoluble synthetic polymeric material provided with an edge seal or closure designed to rupture in aqueous media as disclosed in European published Patent Application Nos. 0011500, 0011501, 0011502, and 0011968.
  • a convenient form of water frangible closure comprises a water soluble adhesive disposed along and sealing one edge of a pouch formed of a water impermeable polymeric film such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • Nonanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate in the form of the sodium salt LOBS Dodecanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate in the form of the sodium salt DOBS Decanoyl oxybenzene sulfonate in the form of the sodium salt DPDA Diperoxydodecanedioic acid PAP N-phthaloylamidoperoxicaproic acid NAPAA Nonanoylamido peroxo-adipic acid NACA 6 nonylamino - 6 oxo - capronic acid.
  • TAED Tetraacetylethylenediamine DTPMP Diethylene triamine penta (methylene phosphonate), marketed by Monsanto under the Trade name Dequest 2060 Photoactivated Sulfonated Zinc or aluminium Phthlocyanine encapsulated Brightener 1 Disodium 4,4'-bis(2-sulphostyryl)biphenyl Brightener 2 Disodium 4,4'-bis(4-anilino-6-morpholino-1.3.5-triazin-2-yl)amino) stilbene-2:2'-disulfonate.
  • the following granular laundry detergent compositions G to I of bulk density 750 g/litre are compositions according to the invention: G H I LAS 12.0 10.0 7.0 TAS 1.25 2.86 1.57 C45AS 3.5 3.24 2.0 C25AE3S - 0.76 1.0 C45E7 3.25 - - C25E3 - 3.5 3.5 QASI 0.8 2.0 - MBAS 17, 1.7 7.0 - 5.0 MBAS 17, 2.5 - 2.0 - STPP 19.7 - - Zeolite A - 19.5 19.5 NaSKS-6/silicate (79:21) - 10.6 10.6 Citric acid/citrate 2.0 4.0 1.0 Carbonate 6.1 21.4 21.4 Bicarbonate - 2.0 2.0 Silicate 6.8 - - Sodium sulfate 39.8 - 7.0 PB4 5.0 12.7 - Percarbonate - - 16.0 TAED 0.5 0.7 2.0 NAC OBS 1.0 2.2 2.0 DTPMP 025 0.2 0.2 HEDP - 0.3 0.3
  • J is a phosphorus-containing detergent composition
  • K is a zeolite-containing detergent composition
  • L is a compact detergent composition: J K L M Blown Powder STPP 24.0 - 24.0 - Zeolite A - 24.0 - 24.0 C45AS 9.0 - 4.0 13.0 QASI - 1.0 - - MBAS 17, 1.7 4.0 - 10.0 6.0 MBAS 17,3.5 2.0 11.0 - - SADS 2.0 - - - C25AE 3 S - 1.0 - 1.0 MA/AA 2.0 4.0 2.0 4.0 LAS 6.0 12.0 13.0 5 TAS - 1.0 2.0 - Silicate 7.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 CMC 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 Brightener 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Soap 1.0 - - 1.0 DTPMP 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 Spray On C45E7 - 2.5 - - C25E3 2.5 - - 1.5 Silicone antifoam
  • laundry detergent compositions AQ to AT are prepared in accord with the invention: AQ AR AS AT MBAS 16.5, 1.8 22 16.5 11 5.5 C45 AS 8 10 11 4 C45E1S 4 3 - 1 LAS 8 14 - 4 C16 SAS - - 3 - MES - - 12 - C23E6.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
  • laundry detergent compositions AZ to Ee are prepared in accord with the invention: AZ Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee MBAS 16.5, 1.7 32 32 24 16 16 8 C45 AS 5 - 6 12 2 - C45E1S 1 - - 1 5 2 LAS - 20 8 23 12 16 C16 SAS 1 4 - - - - MES 14 - - - - - C23E6.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 QAS - 0.5 - - 0.5 - Zeolite A 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 Polycarboxylate 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 Carbonate 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 18.4 Silicate 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 11.3 PB1 - - 3.9 10.0 3.9 15.0 TAED 2.0 5.0 1.0 0.5 6.0

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Claims (10)

  1. Composition détergente comprenant
    a) au moins 0,5 %, de préférence au moins 5 %, plus préférablement au moins 10 %, en poids de la composition, d'un système tensioactif, comprenant un ou plusieurs composés tensioactifs à plus longue chaíne alkyle, ramifiés en milieu de chaíne, de formule Ab - X - B dans laquelle :
    (I) Ab est un groupement alkyle, ramifié en milieu de chaíne, hydrophobe, ayant un total de 9 à 22, de préférence 12 à 18, atomes de carbone dans le groupement, ayant : (1) une chaíne carbonée linéaire, la plus longue, reliée au groupement - X - B dans la plage de 8 à 21 atomes de carbone ; (2) un ou plusieurs groupements alkyle en C1-C3, se ramifiant sur cette chaíne carbonée linéaire la plus longue ; (3) au moins un des groupements alkyle ramifiés est relié directement à un carbone de la chaíne carbonée linéaire la plus longue à une position se trouvant dans la plage allant du carbone en position 2, en partant du carbone en position 1 (n°1) qui est lié au groupement - X - B, à la position du carbone terminal moins 2 atomes de carbone (le carbone (ω - 2)) ; et (4) quand plus d'un de ces composés est présent, le nombre total moyen d'atomes de carbone dans le radical Ab - X de la formule ci-dessus est dans la plage de plus de 14,5 à 18, de préférence 15 à 17 ;
    (II) B est un groupement hydrophile choisi parmi les sulfates, sulfonates, oxydes d'amine, polyoxyalkylènes, de préférence polyoxyéthylène et polyoxypropylène, sulfates alcoxylés, groupements polyhydroxy, esters phosphates, glycérolsulfonates, polygluconates, esters polyphosphates, phosphonates, sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccaminates, carboxylates polyalcoxylés, glucamides, taurinates, sarcosinates, glycinates, iséthionates, dialcanolamides, monoalcanolamides, sulfates de monoalcanolamides, diglycolamides, sulfates de diglycolamides, esters de glycérol, estersulfates de glycérol, éthers de glycérol, éthersulfates de glycérol, éthers de polyglycérol, éthersulfates de polyglycérol, esters de sorbitane, esters de sorbitane polyalcoxylés, ammonioalcanesulfonates, amidopropylbétaïnes, quats alkylés, quats alkylés/polyhydroxyalkylés, oxypropylquats alkylés/polyhydroxyalkylés, imidazolines, 2-yl-succinates, alkylesters sulfonés et acides gras sulfonés ; et
    (III) X est choisi parmi -CH2- et -C(O)- ; et
    b) au moins 0,5 %, en poids de la composition, d'un système de blanchiment comprenant
    (I) un précurseur d'agent de blanchiment hydrophobe ; et
    (II) un précurseur d'agent de blanchiment hydrophile.
  2. Composition détergente selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les composés tensioactifs du système tensioactif a) sont de formule ci-dessus dans laquelle le groupement Ab est un groupement alkyle primaire ramifié ayant la formule :
    Figure 00710001
    dans laquelle le nombre total d'atomes de carbone dans le groupement alkyle primaire ramifié de cette formule, y compris la ramification R, R1, et R2, est de 13 à 19 ; R, R1, et R2 sont chacun indépendamment choisis parmi l'hydrogène et un groupe alkyle en C1-C3, de préférence méthyle, à condition que R, R1, et R2 ne soient pas tous l'hydrogène, et quand z vaut 0, au moins R ou R' n'est pas l'hydrogène ; w est un nombre entier de 0 à 13 ; x est un nombre entier de 0 à 13 ; y est un nombre entier de 0 à 13 ; z est un nombre entier de 0 à 13 ; et w + x + y + z vaut de 7 à 13.
  3. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le système tensioactif a) comprend au moins environ 20 % en poids du système, plus préférablement au moins 90 % en poids, d'un ou plusieurs alkylsulfates ramifiés en milieu de chaíne ayant la formule :
    Figure 00710002
       ou
    Figure 00720001
    ou leurs mélanges ; dans lesquelles M représente un ou plusieurs cations ; a, b, d, et e sont de nombres entiers, a + b vaut 10 à 16, d + e vaut 8 à 14 et dans lesquelles en outre
    si a + b = 10, a est un entier de 2 à 9 et b est un entier de 1 à 8 ;
    si a + b = 11, a est un entier de 2 à 10 et b est un entier de 1 à 9 ;
    si a + b = 12, a est un entier de 2 à 11 et b est un entier de 1 à 10 ;
    si a + b = 13, a est un entier de 2 à 12 et b est un entier de 1 à 11 ;
    si a + b = 14, a est un entier de 2 à 13 et b est un entier de 1 à 12 ;
    si a + b = 15, a est un entier de 2 à 14 et b est un entier de 1 à 13 ;
    si a + b = 16, a est un entier de 2 à 15 et b est un entier de 1 à 14 ;
    si d + e = 8, d est un entier de 2 à 7 et e est un entier de 1 à 6 ;
    si d + e = 9, d est un entier de 2 à 8 et e est un entier de 1 à 7 ;
    si d + e = 10, d est un entier de 2 à 9 et e est un entier de 1 à 8 ;
    si d + e = 11, d est un entier de 2 à 10 et e est un entier de 1 à 9 ;
    si d + e = 12, d est un entier de 2 à 11 et e est un entier de 1 à 10 ;
    si d + e = 13, d est un entier de 2 à 12 et e est un entier de 1 à 11 ;
    si d + e = 14, d est un entier de 2 à 13 et e est un entier de 1 à 12 ;
    si bien que, quand plus d'un de ces tensioactifs sulfates est présent dans le système tensioactif, le nombre total moyen d'atomes de carbone dans les groupements alkyle primaires ramifiés est de 14,5 à 17,5.
  4. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les composés tensioactifs du système tensioactif a) ont un groupement Ab - X comprenant 16 à 18 atomes de carbone et B est un groupe sulfate.
  5. Composition détergente dans laquelle le précurseur d'agent de blanchiment hydrophobe est de formule :
    Figure 00720002
    dans laquelle R' est un groupe aryle ou alkaryle avec 1 à 14 atomes de carbone, R2 est un groupe alkylène, arylène, et alkarylène contenant 1 à 14 atomes de carbone, et R5 est H ou un groupe alkyle, aryle, ou alkaryle contenant 1 à 10 atomes de carbone et L peut être essentiellement un groupe partant quelconque.
  6. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le précurseur d'agent de blanchiment hydrophobe est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le (6-octanamido-caproyl)oxybenzènesulfonate, le (6-décanamido-caproyl)-oxybenzènesulfonate, le (6-nonanamido-caproyl)oxybenzènesulfonate, le sel de sodium du décanoyloxybenzènesulfonate, le sel de sodium du benzoyloxybenzènesulfonate, le 3,5,5-triméthylhexanoyloxybenzène-sulfonate de sodium et le nonanoyl, décanoyl ou dodécanoyl-oxybenzènesulfonate de sodium.
  7. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le précurseur d'agent de blanchiment hydrophile est le TAED.
  8. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le système de blanchiment comprend un sel de perhydrate inorganique, de préférence un sel de perborate ou de percarbonate, de préférence en une quantité de 3 % à 25 % en poids de la composition.
  9. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un tensioactif non ionique, de préférence un alcool primaire en C9-15 éthoxylé contenant 3 à 12 moles d'oxyde d'éthylène par mole d'alcool, est présent en un rapport au système tensioactif a) de 10 : 1 à 1 : 10, de préférence 1 : 1 à 1 : 10.
  10. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, sous forme d'une composition détergente solide pour blanchissage.
EP97913695A 1997-10-10 1997-10-10 Composition de detergent Expired - Lifetime EP1023422B1 (fr)

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US6677289B1 (en) 1999-07-16 2004-01-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Laundry detergent compositions comprising polyamines and mid-chain branched surfactants
MXPA02000634A (es) * 1999-07-16 2002-07-02 Procter & Gamble Composiciones detergentes para lavanderia que comprenden poliaminas y agentes tensioactivos ramificados en la cedna media.
US6696401B1 (en) 1999-11-09 2004-02-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Laundry detergent compositions comprising zwitterionic polyamines
EP1537198B2 (fr) 2002-09-12 2011-11-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Solutions de polymeres et produits de nettoyage contenant celles-ci
WO2011120799A1 (fr) 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Unilever Plc Procédé de structuration de liquides détergents à l'aide d'huile de ricin hydrogénée
EP2495300A1 (fr) 2011-03-04 2012-09-05 Unilever Plc, A Company Registered In England And Wales under company no. 41424 of Unilever House Structuration de liquides détergents avec de l'huile de ricin hydrogénée
ES2421162T3 (es) 2011-04-04 2013-08-29 Unilever Nv Procedimiento de lavado de telas
WO2013139702A1 (fr) 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Unilever Plc Particules de détergent à lessive
MX2016002494A (es) 2013-08-26 2016-05-31 Procter & Gamble Composiciones que comprenden poliaminas alcoxiladas que tienen puntos de fusion bajos.
EP3277784A1 (fr) 2015-04-02 2018-02-07 Unilever Plc. Composition
WO2017133879A1 (fr) 2016-02-04 2017-08-10 Unilever Plc Liquide détergent
EP3469048A1 (fr) 2016-06-09 2019-04-17 Unilever PLC Produits de lessive
EP3469130A1 (fr) 2016-06-09 2019-04-17 Unilever PLC Produits de blanchisserie
WO2018127390A1 (fr) 2017-01-06 2018-07-12 Unilever N.V. Composition d'élimination de taches
WO2018224379A1 (fr) 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Unilever Plc Système de distribution de lessive liquide
WO2019038186A1 (fr) 2017-08-24 2019-02-28 Unilever Plc Perfectionnements se rapportant au nettoyage de tissus
WO2019038187A1 (fr) 2017-08-24 2019-02-28 Unilever Plc Perfectionnements se rapportant au nettoyage de tissus
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