EP1064240A1

EP1064240A1 - Method and device for treating waste

Info

Publication number: EP1064240A1
Application number: EP99915502A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Volker Steinberg; Peter Schalk
Original assignee: Wehrle Werk AG
Current assignee: Wehrle Werk AG
Priority date: 1998-03-19
Filing date: 1999-03-06
Publication date: 2001-01-03
Also published as: AU3407199A; WO1999047473A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating a mixture of substances consisting of inert substances and organic materials with a proportion of water-soluble and biologically convertible constituents. The substance mixture is subjected to aerobic hydrolysis in a two step process while the inert substances and organic material constituents are washed out.

Description

"Process and plant for the treatment of waste"

The invention relates to a method and system for treating a mixture of substances according to the preamble of claims 1 and 23.

State of the art

The economic disposal and recycling of biological waste from households, trade and industry is currently in a restructuring process. Scarce landfill space and expensive recycling facilities force the optimization of the known processes. Biological, mechanical-biological or chemical-biological recycling of residual waste has become known for the treatment of organic waste in particular. Composting, for example, in which organic substances are broken down by means of microorganisms, should be mentioned. The aerobic decomposition process and the anaerobic fermentation for the treatment of biological waste are known. For this purpose, reference is made, for example, to the introduction to the description of WO 97/27158. In this publication, the solid organic substances in particular are subjected to an aerobic microbial treatment process in a reactor, so that they are converted into a washable form and by means of a - 2 -

Wash-out liquid can be washed out of the mixed substance. A constant agitation and homogenization takes place by means of an agitator so that the organic substances can be broken down evenly. This wash-out process results in a "hydrolysis", that is, the organic substances are liquefied by a biological digestion in the presence of air. In an aerobic process, the cells of the organic substances are therefore biologically disrupted, the washing liquid simultaneously serving as a means of transport and inoculant.

In so-called "composting", water is also added to a small extent. Here, however, the addition of water only serves to keep the microorganism alive. However, the aim of composting is extensive conversion using microorganisms to form compost, which means that there is no washout process in the sense mentioned above.

The various process processes for treating waste all have advantages and disadvantages. A disadvantage of aerobic composting, for example, is the considerable space required in the subsequent rotting process and the long process time associated therewith.

This applies analogously to the so-called anaerobic fermentation, which is based on a fermentation process in the absence of air. Insofar as a liquid addition is provided to maintain the process, this generally serves to liquefy the waste and not to wash out the organic matter. In addition, the focus is on the much more time-consuming fermentation of solids by anaerobic microorganisms.

The term "waste" is currently not clearly defined. The legislator differentiates between "waste for - 3 -

Recycling "and between" waste for disposal ". The limits are fluid. In waste recycling, it is essential that the residues remaining after the waste treatment can either be subjected to thermal treatment (waste incineration) or other recycling. Optimizing waste disposal is to that the waste is broken down into its individual components and each component is sent for optimal further processing.

"Waste" in the sense of the present invention is household waste, green waste, organic waste, commercial waste and in particular also food waste or paper, agricultural waste, kitchen or commercial kitchen waste, contaminated sites from former landfill sites, contaminated industrial floors or the like.

Object and advantages of the invention:

The invention has for its object to propose an improved method and a system for the treatment of a mixture of inert and organic substances, in which an end product is created, which is significantly reduced in mass and in which the treated or prepared mixture of an optimal material and / or energy recovery can be supplied.

This object is achieved by the features of method claim 1 and system claim 23.

Advantageous and expedient developments of the measures specified in claims 1 and 20 are described in the subclaims.

Compared to the known processes and systems, the - 4 -

The present invention has the advantage that an end product is created from a very different input product from a mixture of substances of the most varied composition, which can be properly used further. Process steps are used that pose fewer problems in the technical-mechanical treatment of the individual system components. In particular, abrasive portions of the mixture of substances can also be treated without problems, without increasing wear. Contaminants are removed in a targeted manner and, in particular, the fibrous substances emerging during the wash-out process with the water phase are specifically treated so that the liquid cycle is maintained without silting up.

Through the combination of partially proven process steps with new process steps, an optimization of the waste treatment is achieved, whereby the problem-free execution of the process and the result of the process are in the foreground.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the description below. Show

1 is a schematic representation of the system according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention,

2 shows a variant of the plant according to FIG. 1 with a multi-stage hydrolysis zone,

3 shows a section through the separated system parts according to FIG. 1 or 2,

Fig. 4 shows a variant of the systems of FIG. 1 with a - 5 -

alternative method of treatment of the process liquid,

Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of the

Treatment plant with a sieve drum with several integrated process steps,

Fig. 6 is an illustration of the screen drum of FIG. 5 in the overall system and

7 shows an alternative embodiment of the representation according to FIG. 6.

Description of the invention

The plant shown schematically in Fig. 1 is used to carry out the method for treating a mixture of inert substances and organic substances with a water-soluble and biologically feasible portion and in particular for treating all types of waste, as described in the introduction to the description. The system 1 for the treatment of the mixture of substances 2 essentially comprises a first process step, hereinafter referred to as "first treatment step 3" and a second process step, hereinafter referred to as "second treatment step 4", wherein, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second treatment stage is divided into two sub-stages 5 and 6 in the same reactor or 5 'and 6' in separate reactors. The second sub-stage 6, 6 'could also be referred to as the "third treatment stage".

In the two treatment stages 3, 4, the substance mixture supplied is subjected to an aerobic hydrolysis process with simultaneous washing out. The first treatment stage 3 is designed as a washing device and - 6 -

consists of a dynamic (rotating or swinging) sieve-like washing device 7 and in particular a rotating, sieve-like washing drum 7, the starting material mixture 2 being fed continuously or discontinuously via an upper filling opening 8. The mixture of substances 2 located in the washing device 7 is treated with a washing liquid 11 via a sprinkling device 9, which extends over the entire length of the washing device, with sprinkling nozzles 10 and which is supplied via a feed line 12. The treatment is carried out in such a way that on the one hand easily soluble organic components and on the other hand inert abrasive substances are discharged with the washing liquid 11. "Inert substances" are understood to mean non-biodegradable substances. B. inorganic or mineral substances. The washing device 7 is dynamic z. B. mounted on rotating wheels 13, rollers 13, spring struts 13 or swinging bodies 15, so that there are no disruptive drive units or bearings within the washing device. The washing device 7 is designed in the form of a sieve and allows sieving with a grain size of 5 to 30 mm and preferably 8 to 15 mm. If the washing device is designed as a washing drum, it has, for example, a length of 10 to 20 m, with a drum diameter of z. B. 2 - 3 m. In this case, the sieve-shaped lateral surface 15 is located symmetrically between the motor-driven drive wheels 13 (motor 16) and opens into a funnel-shaped stationary collecting container 17. The washing liquid 18 collected in the collecting container 17 opens into the line 19.

The residence time of the substance mixture 2 in the

Washing device 7 can be approximately 1 to 10 hours and preferably 2 to 6 hours.

The first treatment stage 3 provides a kind of preliminary stage - 7 -

second treatment stage 4. The aim of the first treatment stage is to wash out, in particular, the inert and abrasive substances, in which case already readily soluble organic matter is to be washed out in this stage by means of a washing liquid. Here the cells of the organic system are preferably opened mechanically, ie also by the mechanical movement of the washing device, which serves as preparation for the cell disruption in the subsequent stage. In particular, all easily soluble organic components are washed out. The mode of operation is essentially continuous, that is, there is a constant addition of new material and a constant release of treated material.

The inert materials, fibrous materials and washable fine materials separated off via the collecting funnel 17 with the washout liquid 18 are fed as "process water" via the line 18 to a subsequent classifier 20. In the classifier 20, the washed-out inert substances are freed from the organic and dissolved substances and cleaned, so that the inert substances 21 are discharged from the system in a cleaned state. This follows via line 22 into container 23.

The process water 24 freed from inert substances by the classifier 20 is fed via a line 25 to a fiber separation device 26.

The upper filling opening 8 to the washing device 7 can be arranged in a stationary connection housing 7 '. There is a discharge opening 27 diametrically opposite for the remaining solid mixture, which is collected in a funnel-shaped collecting container 28 and fed as a residue mixture 29 via line 30 to the second treatment stage 4. Here, too, a stationary housing part 7 ′ * can accommodate the collecting container 28 or the outlet 27. As shown in Fig. 1 is the - 8th -

second treatment stage 4 divided into two sub-stages 5 and 6, sub-stage 5 being defined as a "hydrolysis zone" or also as a "percolation stage" and sub-stage 6 being defined as a "hydrolysis-filtration zone". 2, these two stages can also be carried out spatially separately in separate reactors.

The residue mixture 29 discharged from the first treatment stage 3 is subjected to an aerobic microbial digestion in the first sub-stage 5 of the second stage 4, the biodegradable part being converted into a washable form and being discharged by means of a washout liquid. Accordingly, there is a hydrolysis process, just as in the first treatment stage, but with the strong addition of a washing liquid 31 with simultaneous mechanical homogenization, for. B. by means of an agitator 32 and ventilation by means of a pressure line 33 with compressed air 34, a microbial Au circuit of the solid organics in turn takes place in a washable form and the washout liquid 35 thus loaded with organics is removed from the hydrolysis zone 5.

In the second treatment stage 4, the wash-out process of the first stage 3 is consequently continued as the main stage, the organic cells being further degraded by biological digestion through the strong addition of liquid, homogenization and aeration. Contrary to conventional composting, in which a liquid is added only for moistening, in this hydrolysis zone 5 the washing-out liquid results in a strong degradation of the organic cells through a biological digestion and a release of the cell water. For this purpose, it is necessary that the mixture is thoroughly mixed by means of the homogenizing device 32, with simultaneous aeration, so that the aerobic microbial disruption of the cells can take place - 9 -

the less soluble organic matter also passes into the liquid phase. As a result, even solid organic substances are dissolved by the microbial digestion and discharged as a liquid organic matter with the washout liquid.

For this purpose, the hydrolysis zone 5, 5 'shown in FIG. 1 or 2' preferably consists of a rectangular container 36, as is shown schematically in FIGS. 3a and 3b. The container 36 comprises a homogenizing device 32 which, for example, consists of at least two parallel, horizontally running stirring axes 38, 39, on which the stirring blades 40 are attached. The homogenizing device 32 ensures uniform, thorough mixing of the waste mixture 29 in this treatment stage. This avoids short-circuit currents in the washout liquid due to channel formation. In addition, the washout liquid 31 is again applied over a sprinkler 41 over the entire surface of the waste mixture 29. The container 36 is designed as a rectangular container (FIGS. 3a, 3b), a transport device 43 for the material being located in the lower part of the container. The transport takes place in the longitudinal direction through the reactor (arrow 44). This can consist of one or more transport devices lying side by side over the entire width of the container, the

Homogenizer can support the longitudinal transport. In the lower region of the hydrolysis zone 5 there are one or more sieve trays 45 through which the washing liquid with the organic matter taken up can pass. Intensive ventilation is carried out by means of the compressed air device 33, 34, 46, with blowing nozzles 46 pointing upwards for introducing air. By means of these blowing nozzles 46, the sieve bottom 45 can optionally also be blown free.

1, the hydrolysis zone 5 is followed by a so-called hydrolysis-filtration zone 6. This - 10 -

the two zones are symbolically divided by the dividing line 47 in the one-piece reactor 48. Instead of the one-piece reactor 48 in FIG. 1, these two zones can also be arranged in separate reactors 49, 50 as shown in FIG. 2, the hydrolysis zone 5 'and the hydrolysis-filtration zone 6' being connected via a material transport line 51 .

A microbial aftertreatment of the solid mixture 52 located therein takes place in the hydrolysis / filtration zone 6 in FIG. 1 or 6 'in FIG. 2. According to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, one or more combined dewatering and aeration floors 45 can be provided with a common reactor, via which the washing liquid 35 is discharged from both zones 5, 6 and via which the compressed air 34 is also optionally fed. Furthermore, a common mechanical transport device 43 is provided for the longitudinal transport of the solid mixture 29, 52 in both container parts 5, 6. According to the illustration in FIG. 3b, however, the reactor part 50 (container 36 ″) of the hydrolysis-filtration zone 6, 6 ′ is designed without a homogenization device. Here too, the solid material 52 is transported across the entire width of the container by means of a wide or a plurality of transport devices 43, 43 'lying next to one another. There are, for example, three adjacent conveyor belts in the container 36, which ensure the longitudinal transport of the material.

The container 36, which tapers conically in the lower region in the hydrolysis zone 5, can consequently, in the case of a one-piece construction, expand in the rear region to form a rectangular container 36 ', the transition between the two container parts being adapted as an inclined surface. This is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3a. With separate zones 5 ', 6', separate containers 36 ', 36''are provided. - 11 -

The hydrolysis-filtration zone 6, 6 'as shown in FIG. 3b also has the sieve plate 45 which extends over the entire width. Under the hydrolysis (5, 5 ') and hydrolysis filtration zone (6, 6') there is one or more funnel-shaped collecting containers 53 for the wash-out liquid 35.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a common collecting container 56 in side view with a lower discharge line 57 for the washing liquid 35th

As described above, the process water 24 discharged from the first treatment stage 3 and freed of inert substances via a classifier 20 is wholly or partly fed to a fiber separation device 26, in which the process water 24 loaded with fiber substances as well as with fine substances and water-soluble substances is freed from fiber substances , wherein the separated fibers 58 of the surface 59 of the hydrolysis-filtration zone 6, 6 'are fed. This is done via line 60. For this purpose, reactor 48, 50 has an upper feed opening 61 with a distributor device, not shown in detail. The fibrous materials 58 separated in this way accordingly represent an upper covering layer 58 'on the solid mixture 52 lying underneath, so that a type of filter effect is produced here. The washing liquid 31 can also be applied to the hydrolysis / filtration zone 6 in whole or in part via the common sprinkling device 41. The same applies analogously to zone 6 '. An exhaust air device 62 removes gases from the hydrolysis-filtration zone 6. A similar exhaust device 62 'can also be provided in the first treatment stage of the washing device 7.

The residue or the solid mixture 63 from the hydrolysis - 12 -

Filtration zone 6, 6 'is fed to a subsequent mechanical dewatering device 64 and dewatered therein. The residue 65 from this dewatering stage 64, as a homogenized solid 66, offers the prerequisites for material and / or energy recovery and / or thermal treatment (container 67).

The process water 68 obtained from the dewatering device 64 is added to the process water 69 from the reactor 48 and fed to the feed line 12 to the first treatment stage 3 via a common line 70 by means of a liquid pump 71. The washing liquid 11 of the first treatment stage is therefore composed of the process water 68, 69.

The process water 72 freed from fibrous materials 58 in the fibrous material separating device 26 is fed to an anaerobic reactor 73, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, organic ingredients in biogas 74 on the one hand and the process water 75 freed from organic matter to the sprinkling device 41 for the hydrolysis zone 5 in whole or in part , 5 'and for the hydrolysis-filtration zone 6, 6' is supplied. The line 76 and the liquid pump 77 are used for this purpose.

The process water 75 treated in the anaerobic reactor 73 can also be fed to an additional subsequent treatment stage 78, in which a biological and / or chemical-physical pollutant discharge 91 takes place, which is used to remove the organic and inorganic compounds such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus or heavy metals or The same is used, the process water 79 additionally treated in this way again being supplied, in whole or in part, via line 76 to the sprinkling device 41 for the hydrolysis zone 5, 5 'or for the hydrolysis / filtration zone 6, 6'. - 13 -

The sprinklers 9, 41 of the first and second treatment stages 3, 4 therefore contain pretreated process water, as described above. The process water 72 can be supplied to the anaerobic reactor 73 via a liquid pump 80.

1 shows a series of discharge arrows 81 which symbolically indicate the possibility of discharging part of the wash-out liquid or the process water from the system in order to regenerate and replace it.

The illustration of the alternative embodiment of the invention in FIG. 4 shows the same parts with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1. As an alternative to the illustration in FIG. 1, the process water 25 freed from inert substances and optionally process water 72 freed from inert and fibrous materials is carried out via the liquid pump 80 subjected to anaerobic sludge digestion in an external wastewater treatment plant in a digester 82, organic ingredients being converted into digester gas or biogas 83. The digested residue-sewage sludge mixture is removed from the digester 82 via a discharge 84.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, pre-clarified wastewater, process water or sewage sludge is optionally in the form of a thickened form of an external wastewater purification system as process water 86 via a pump 87 and a line 88, in turn the sprinkler 41 of the hydrolysis zone 5, 5 'or the hydrolysis filtration zone 6, 6 'supplied.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown and described. Rather, it also encompasses all modifications within the framework of the property right claims. For example, the process water - 14 -

68 and / or 69 can be subjected to anaerobic removal if the organic load is too high. This could be done via controlled connecting lines 89, 90 to connecting line 25.

Furthermore, the anaerobically treated process water 75 or the treated process water 79 could, in addition to the supply to the sprinkling device 41, also be supplied or mixed in a controlled manner to the sprinkling device 9. This is symbolically indicated by the connecting line 91 in FIG. 1.

The setting of the wash-out liquid in treatment stages 3 and 4 is decisive in such a way that, on the one hand, there is pre-acidification and, on the other hand, optimal loading with organic matter is possible.

In principle, all material flows can be controlled or regulated in terms of their volume flow through valves or the like.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the process steps shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are ate together in a common method stage 3 '. In all drawings, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as are explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Accordingly, a rotary drum percolator with three chambers and forced ventilation is provided in FIG. 5, the chamber 7 washing the inert substance, the chamber 5 the hydrolysis and the chamber 6 the

Fiber recycling and draining stage comprises in a common process stage. With regard to the mode of operation of the individual stages, reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 and 2.

The illustration according to FIG. 6 shows the rotary drum percolator according to FIG. 5 in the overall system, the reference symbols being shown - 15 -

Figures 1 and 2 are largely retained. From this it can be seen that the two treatment stages 3 and 4 described are combined in a first and second process step in the imaginary chambers 7 and 5, which is followed by the third process step 6 in the common rotary drum percolator. An alternative exemplary embodiment to this is shown in FIG. 7. This corresponds to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the same parts and method sequences being shown with the same reference numerals.

The decisive factor in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 7 is therefore the combination of the subsequent process steps 7, 5, 6 in a common rotary drum percolator. The drum is formed in three drums each connected in series with a separate drive, which individually perform the functions of the chambers 7, 5, 6.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown and described. Rather, it also encompasses all modifications within the scope of the protective right claims.

Claims

- 16 patent claims:

1. A process for the treatment of a mixture of inert substances and organic substances with a water-soluble and biologically feasible fraction, in particular of all types of waste, the mixture of substances being subjected to an aerobic hydrolysis process with simultaneous washing out, characterized in that the mixture of substances (2) comprises a first process step is fed in, by means of which a washing liquid (11) is used to wash out preferably soluble organic substance components, these being carried off with the washing liquid (17) with any inert substances (21) present,

that the residue mixture treated in the first process step is subjected to an aerobic microbial digestion in a subsequent second process step, the biodegradable part being converted into a washable form and discharged by means of a washout liquid,

and that the fibers and / or fines discharged with the wash-out liquid of the first and / or second process step are separated from the liquid cycle of the wash liquid.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second process steps are carried out in separate (3) and (4) or in one process step (3 ').

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first process step (3) as a washing device and in particular as a dynamic sieve as a rotating, sieve-shaped washing drum (7) or as a vibrating - 17 -

or vibrating screen (7) is formed, the mixture of substances being treated by feeding in a pre-acidified washing liquid in such a way that easily soluble organic components on the one hand and inert abrasive substances on the other hand are discharged with the washing liquid (11).

4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the first process step (3) and in particular the washing device or washing drum (7) takes up the mixture of substances in a continuous or discontinuous treatment process, the residence time of the mixture of substances (2) between 1 to 10 hours and in particular between 2 to 6 hours.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first process step comprises a washing device (7), in which a sieving with a grain size of 5 mm to 30 mm and preferably from 8 mm to 15 mm takes place, the washing device preferably in the case of the washing drum (7) has a length of 5 m to 20 m and a diameter of 2 m to 4 m.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the first process step (3) inert and / or fibrous materials as well as washable fines and water-soluble substances by means of water, waste water, sewage sludge or process water are separated and washed out by means of a washing device (7).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the washing device (7) of the first process step (3) with water, waste water or process water separated and washed out inert substances in a classifier (20) from the organic and the washing liquid dissolved substances are freed and cleaned and that these cleaned inert substances (21) from the - 18 -

Treatment system are carried out.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residue mixture (29) discharged from the first process step (3) is subjected to a hydrolysis process in a subsequent second process step (4), with strong addition of a washing liquid (31) with mechanical homogenization and aeration at the same time, a microbial digestion of the solid organics into a washable form takes place and the washout liquid thus contaminated with organics is removed from the hydrolysis zone (5).

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrolysis, homogenization and washing out treatment of the second process step (4) is followed by a hydrolysis filtration zone (6) in which a microbial aftertreatment of the solid mixture of the second process step takes place.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrolysis zone, and the subsequent hydrolysis-filtration zone (6) in a common, divided into these zones container (48), or in two separate containers (49, 50).

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrolysis zone (5) and / or hydrolysis-filtration zone (6) has a combined drainage and ventilation device (45), optionally divided into sections, via which the washing liquid (35) is removed and via which compressed air (34) is optionally fed.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, - 19 -

characterized in that, in the case of rectangular containers, the hydrolysis zone (5) and / or the hydrolysis-filtration zone (6) has a mechanical transport device (43) for the longitudinal transport of the solid mixture (29, 52), the hydrolysis zone (5) and the hydrolysis zone preferably being Filtration zone (6) on the container bottom has one or more transport devices (43) lying next to one another.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of rectangular containers, the homogenizing device (32) of the second process step has wing-shaped circulating blades (40) which bring about uniform mixing and thus homogenization of the solid mixture to prevent short-circuit currents in the wash-out liquid, preferably two or more parallel, horizontal stirrer shafts (38, 39) running through the entire treatment stage are provided, the circulation blades (40) of which preferably run offset from one another.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the residue or the solid mixture (63) of the hydrolysis-filtration zone of a subsequent mechanical dewatering device (64) is fed and dewatered, and that the residue after the dewatering stage of a material and / or energetic recovery and / or thermal treatment is supplied.

15. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process water (69) from the hydrolysis zone (5) and / or the hydrolysis-filtration zone and / or from the dewatering device (64) wholly or partly as a wash-out liquid to the first process step (3rd ) is supplied. - 20 -

16. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process water (24) discharged from the first process step (3) and freed of inert substances via a classifier (20) is wholly or partly fed to a fiber separation device (26) which removes the process water (24) contaminated with fibrous materials as well as fine substances and water-soluble substances by means of a fibrous material separation, the separated fibrous substances (52) preferably being supplied to the surface of the hydrolysis / filtration zone (6).

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the process water (72) freed from fibrous materials in the fibrous material separating device (26) is fed to an anaerobic reactor (73), organic ingredients being converted into biogas and the process water freed from organic matter (75 ) is wholly or partly fed to the hydrolysis zone (5) and / or the hydrolysis-filtration zone (6).

18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the process water (75) treated in the anaerobic reactor (73) is supplied in whole or in part to a subsequent treatment stage (78) for a biological and / or chemical-physical discharge of pollutants (91) for removing the organic and inorganic compounds such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals or the like, the process water (79) treated in this way being wholly or partly fed to the hydrolysis zone (5) and / or the hydrolysis-filtration zone (6).

19. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the process water freed from inert substances (25) and optionally from inert and fibrous substances (72) is subjected to anaerobic sludge digestion in a digestion tank (82), organic ingredients in digester gas or Biogas can be converted. - 21 -

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that pre-treated wastewater, process water, sewage sludge, optionally also in a thickened form of the hydrolysis zone

(5) and / or the hydrolysis-filtration zone (6) is supplied.

21. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and second process steps (3, 4) take place in a common rotating drum (rotary drum percolator), wherein a first zone (7) is designed as a washing drum (inert material washing) in which the mixture of substances is treated by feeding a washing liquid in such a way that on the one hand easily soluble organic components and on the other hand inert abrasive substances are discharged with the washing liquid, and a second zone (5) (hydrolysis zone) is designed as an aerobic hydrolysis drum, with strong addition of a washing liquid with mechanical homogenization and aeration at the same time, a microbial digestion of the solid organics into a washable form is carried out and the wash-out liquid thus contaminated with organics is removed from the hydrolysis zone (5), and that a third zone

(6) (hydrolysis filtration zone) is provided as an aerobic filtration and dewatering drum, the fibers (52) separated in the previous zones with the washing liquid being fed to the third zone.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the washing zone (7) and the downstream hydrolysis zone (5), and the subsequent hydrolysis-filtration zone (6) in a common container divided into these zones or in a drum (7 '' ) or in several separate containers or drums (49, 50).

23. Plant for the treatment of a mixture of substances - 22 -

Inert substances and organic substances with a water-soluble and biologically convertible fraction, in particular of all types of waste, the substance mixture being subject to an aerobic hydrolysis process with simultaneous washing out in at least one reactor, characterized in that the substance mixture (2) is designed as a washing device (7) first process step (3) is supplied, in which a mechanical cell disruption and by means of a washing liquid (11) a washing out of preferably soluble organic substance components takes place, any inert substances (21) present being discharged with the washing liquid (17) so that this is from the first Process step (3) discharged residue mixture (29) is subjected to an aerobic microbial digestion in a subsequent second process step (4) designed as a percolation reactor, the biodegradable part being converted into a washable form and by means of a washout liquid is discharged, and that the discharged with the wash-out liquid of the first and / or second treatment stage by means of a fiber separation device (26) fibers and / or fines from the liquid circuit of the wash liquid.

24. Plant according to claim 23, characterized in that a common rotating drum

(Rotary drum percolator) is provided, in which there is a washing zone (7) with a downstream hydrolysis zone (5) and a subsequent hydrolysis-filtration zone 6, the drum being formed in each case in 3 individual drums connected in series with separate drives, which separate the individual functions of the respective Meet chambers.